ME LABORATORY 1 EXPERIMENT NO.

5
MEASUREMENT OF TEMPERATURE INSTRUMENTS
NAME 1. ADAM, JAMAL MOHAMMED DATE PERFORMED SCORE
2. BALLADOS, JHON PAOLO OCTOBER 10, 2019
3. CASTILLO, CHRISTOPHER DATE SUBMITTED
4. EUGENIO, ADRIAN OCTOBER 14, 2019
INSTRUCTOR
SECTION 57029
Engr. Eisley John S. Tiongson
GROUP 1

I. OBJECTIVES
 To be familiar with the measurement of temperature instruments.

II. LEARNING OUTCOME (LO):

The students shall be able to:

 Comparison of measured temperature of melting cubic ice using mercurial and digital
thermometers.
 Interpret data and relate result to governing scientific principle.
 Develop professional work ethics, including precision, neatness, safety and ability to
follow instruction.

III. DISCUSSION:
Temperature gages maybe instantaneous reading or self-recording when coupled with appropriate
device which may be automated by the expansion or contraction of certain kinds of liquid, or gas. The unequal
expansion of two different metallic strips results in a fine movement which can be magnified by means of
linkages to indicate temperature. The movement of this bi-metallic strip is a function of the temperature.
The kind of temperature measuring instrument to be used depend also to a great extent on the kind
of exposure required, length of exposure, place of measurement, method use, accuracy desired and
machinery being used. When the element involved is fluid, glass thermometer is preferred. When gas is
involved, gas thermometer maybe more appropriate while thermocouple or pyrometer are more advisable for
very high temperature and remote measurement.

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 Heat transfer is a fundamental energy engineering operation. Hot water loops are commonly used
to transfer heat in district heating networks and on industrial sites. The specific heat capacity Cp [kJ/kg/°C] is
a thermodynamic property specific of the fluid used to transfer heat. We could manipulate the specific heat
capacity only by changing the fluid used in the loop.
Water is a good fluid choice for cost and safety considerations. The specific heat capacity of water
does vary with temperature but for the scope of a hot water loop it is essentially constant. The temperature
difference dT [°C] is the difference in temperature before and after heat transfer.

Heat Needed to Boil the Water

𝑸 = 𝒎𝒄𝒑 ∆𝑻
Where,
𝑸 − 𝒉𝒆𝒂𝒕 𝒕𝒓𝒂𝒏𝒔𝒇𝒆𝒓
𝒎 − 𝒎𝒂𝒔𝒔 𝒐𝒇 𝒕𝒉𝒆 𝒘𝒂𝒕𝒆𝒓
𝑪𝒑 − 𝒔𝒑𝒆𝒄𝒊𝒇𝒊𝒄 𝒉𝒆𝒂𝒕 𝒄𝒂𝒑𝒂𝒄𝒊𝒕𝒚 𝒐𝒇 𝒘𝒂𝒕𝒆𝒓
∆𝑻 − 𝒄𝒉𝒂𝒏𝒈𝒆 𝒊𝒏 𝒕𝒆𝒎𝒑𝒆𝒓𝒂𝒕𝒖𝒓𝒆

IV. MATERIALS AND EQUIPMENTS

Table 5.1 List of Equipment
Temperature Measurement Quantity Unit
Mercurial Thermometer 1 Pc
Digital Thermometer 1 Pc
Beaker 1 Pc
Bunsen Burner 1 Pc

Table 5.2 list of raw materials

Raw materials Quantity Unit
cubic ice 172.56 g

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Figure 5.1 Mercurial Thermometer

Figure 5.2 Digital Thermometer

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 Figure 5.3 Beaker

V. PROCEDURES
Safety Procedure:
Safety is the most important, the following procedure are the safety measures which have
Been practiced upon conducting the experiment:
1. Never perform unauthorized work, preparations or experiments.
2. Wear the laboratory gown upon performing the experiment in order to avoid getting dirt
from the liquids used in the experiment.
3. Use gloves and proper eye protection if necessary.
4. It is prohibited to bring or to use flammable liquids (i.e. gasoline, alcohol, etc.) which may
be a cause of fire upon conducting the experiment unless otherwise specified in the
experiment.

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 5. Read carefully the experiment procedure before performing the experiment.
6. After the experiment clean all the apparatus and equipment used during experiment.
Experiment Procedure:
Measurement of Temperature from Freezing Point to Boiling Point
1. Set up the Bunsen burner and the tripod.
2. Open the flame at minimum fire/heat.
3. Fill the beaker with ice cubes.
4. Place Thermometers inside and read the temperature.
5. Place the beaker in the tripod.
6. At a 2 min interval time record the temperature until it reaches 100 oC.
7. Record the temperature for each interval.
8. Compute for the Heat needed to turn the ice in to its boiling point. Use temperature reading
from the mercurial thermometer.
9. Graph the effect of temperature versus time.

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VI. DATA AND RESULTS
Table 5.3 Temperature Calibration Results
Measured Temperature
Time % Difference
Mercurial Digital
Thermometer((⁰C) Thermometer(⁰C)
0 0 0 0

2 1.5 1.5 0

4 9.2 11.5 22.22

6 14 12.5 11.32

8 14.6 14.8 1.36

10 17.5 17.7 1.14

12 29 25.6 12.45

14 47.4 41.3 13.75

16 56.2 52.9 5.83

18 57.2 56.8 0.70

20 62.4 61.8 0.96

22 69.8 67.6 3.20

24 77.8 75.5 3.0

26 85 85.2 0.24

28 93.2 93.6 0.43

30 98.8 100 1.21

Sensible 73.40 KJ 71.43 KJ 1.18
Heat
Latent Heat
57.6818 KJ
(S – L)
Latent Heat
389.611 KJ
(L – G)

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VII. COMPUTATIONS
MERCULRAL THERMOMETER
FOR SENSIBLE HEAT: 𝑸𝑨 = 𝒎𝑪𝑷 ∆𝑻
 0-2 minutes:
1𝑘𝑔 𝐾𝐽
𝑸𝑨 = (172.56 × 1000𝑔 )(4.187 )(1.5 − 0)℃
𝐾𝑔−°𝐾

𝑸𝑨 = 𝟏. 𝟎𝟖𝟒 𝑲𝑱
 2-4 minutes:
𝑸𝑨 = 𝟓. 𝟓𝟕 𝑲𝑱
 4-6 minutes:
𝑸𝑨 = 𝟑. 𝟒𝟕 𝑲𝑱
 6-8 minutes:
𝑸𝑨 = 𝟎. 𝟒𝟑 𝑲𝑱
 8-10 minutes:
𝑸𝑨 = 𝟐. 𝟏𝟎 𝑲𝑱
 10-12 minutes:
𝑸𝑨 = 𝟖. 𝟑𝟏 𝑲𝑱
 12-14 minutes:
𝑸𝑨 = 𝟏𝟑. 𝟑 𝑲𝑱
 14-16 minutes:
𝑸𝑨 = 𝟔. 𝟑𝟔 𝑲𝑱
 16-18 minutes:
𝑸𝑨 = 𝟎. 𝟕𝟐 𝑲𝑱
 18-20 minutes:
𝑸𝑨 = 𝟑. 𝟕𝟔 𝑲𝑱
 20-22 minutes:
𝑸𝑨 = 𝟓. 𝟑𝟓 𝑲𝑱
 22-24 minutes:
𝑸𝑨 = 𝟓. 𝟕𝟖 𝑲𝑱

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 24-26 minutes:
𝑸𝑨 = 𝟓. 𝟐𝟎 𝑲𝑱
 26-28 minutes:
𝑸𝑨 = 𝟓. 𝟗𝟐 𝑲𝑱
 28-30 minutes:
𝑸𝑨 = 𝟒. 𝟎𝟓 𝑲𝑱
TOTAL SENSIBLE HEAR: 𝑸𝑨 = 𝟕𝟑. 𝟒𝟎 𝑲𝑱

FOR LATENT HEAT (S-L):

1𝐾𝑔 𝐾𝐽
𝑸𝑺−𝑳 = (172.7𝑔 × 1000𝑔 ) (334 𝐾𝑔)

𝑸𝑺−𝑳 = 𝟓𝟕. 𝟔𝟖𝟏𝟖 𝑲𝑱

FOR LATENT HEAT (L-G):

1𝐾𝑔 𝐾𝐽
𝑸𝑳−𝑮 = (172.7𝑔 × 1000𝑔 ) (2256 𝐾𝑔)

𝑸𝑳−𝑮 = 𝟑𝟖𝟗. 𝟔𝟏𝟏 𝑲𝑱

DIGITAL THERMOMETER
FOR SENSIBLE HEAT: 𝑸𝑨 = 𝒎𝑪𝑷 ∆𝑻
 0-2 minutes:
1𝑘𝑔 𝐾𝐽
𝑸𝑨 = (172.56 × 100𝑔 )(4.187 )(1.5 − 0)℃
𝐾𝑔−°𝐾

𝑸𝑨 = 𝟏. 𝟎𝟖𝟒 𝑲𝑱
 2-4 minutes:
𝑸𝑨 = 𝟕. 𝟐𝟑 𝑲𝑱
 4-6 minutes:
𝑸𝑨 = 𝟎. 𝟕𝟐 𝑲𝑱
 6-8 minutes:
𝑸𝑨 = 𝟏. 𝟔𝟔 𝑲𝑱

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 8-10 minutes:
𝑸𝑨 = 𝟐. 𝟏 𝑲𝑱
 10-12 minutes:
𝑸𝑨 = 𝟓. 𝟕𝟏 𝑲𝑱
 12-14 minutes:
𝑸𝑨 = 𝟏𝟏. 𝟑𝟒 𝑲𝑱
 14-16 minutes:
𝑸𝑨 = 𝟖. 𝟑𝟖 𝑲𝑱
 16-18 minutes:
𝑸𝑨 = 𝟐. 𝟖𝟐 𝑲𝑱
 18-20 minutes:
𝑸𝑨 = 𝟑. 𝟔𝟏 𝑲𝑱
 20-22 minutes:
𝑸𝑨 = 𝟒. 𝟏𝟗 𝑲𝑱
 22-24 minutes:
𝑸𝑨 = 𝟓. 𝟕𝟏 𝑲𝑱
 24-26 minutes:
𝑸𝑨 = 𝟕. 𝟎 𝑲𝑱
 26-28 minutes:
𝑸𝑨 = 𝟔. 𝟎𝟕 𝑲𝑱
 28-30 minutes:
𝑸𝑨 = 𝟒. 𝟔𝟐 𝑲𝑱
TOTAL SENSIBLE HEAR: 𝑸𝑨 = 𝟕𝟏. 𝟒𝟑 𝑲𝑱

FOR LATENT HEAT (S-L):

1𝐾𝑔 𝐾𝐽
𝑸𝑺−𝑳 = (172.7𝑔 × 1000𝑔 ) (334 𝐾𝑔)

𝑸𝑺−𝑳 = 𝟓𝟕. 𝟔𝟖𝟏𝟖 𝑲𝑱

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 FOR LATENT HEAT (L-G):
1𝐾𝑔 𝐾𝐽
𝑸𝑳−𝑮 = (172.7𝑔 × 1000𝑔 ) (2256 𝐾𝑔)

𝑸𝑳−𝑮 = 𝟑𝟖𝟗. 𝟔𝟏𝟏 𝑲𝑱

FOR PERCENTAGE DIFFERENCE:

𝑴𝑽𝟏 − 𝑴𝑽𝟐
𝑷𝒆𝒓𝒄𝒆𝒏𝒕 𝑫𝒊𝒇𝒇𝒆𝒓𝒆𝒏𝒄𝒆 = ⌊ ⌋ 𝒙 𝟏𝟎𝟎%
𝑴𝑽𝟏 + 𝑴𝑽𝟐
𝟐
Where,
𝑀𝑉1 − 𝑚𝑒𝑎𝑠𝑢𝑟𝑒𝑑 𝑇𝑒𝑚𝑝𝑒𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑢𝑟𝑒 𝑓𝑟𝑜𝑚 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝐷𝑖𝑔𝑖𝑡𝑎𝑙 𝑇ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑚𝑜𝑚𝑒𝑡𝑒𝑟
𝑀𝑉2 − 𝑚𝑒𝑎𝑠𝑢𝑟𝑒𝑑 𝑇𝑒𝑚𝑝𝑒𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑢𝑟𝑒 𝑓𝑟𝑜𝑚 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑀𝑒𝑟𝑐𝑢𝑟𝑖𝑎𝑙 𝑇ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑚𝑜𝑚𝑒𝑡𝑒𝑟

0− 0
𝑷𝒆𝒓𝒄𝒆𝒏𝒕 𝑫𝒊𝒇𝒇𝒆𝒓𝒆𝒏𝒄𝒆(𝟎 𝒎𝒊𝒏) = ⌊ ⌋ 𝑥 100% = 𝟎%
0+ 0
2

1.5 − 1.5
𝑷𝒆𝒓𝒄𝒆𝒏𝒕 𝑫𝒊𝒇𝒇𝒆𝒓𝒆𝒏𝒄𝒆(𝟐 𝒎𝒊𝒏) = ⌊ ⌋ 𝑥 100% = 𝟎%
1.5 + 1.5
2

11.5 − 9.2
𝑷𝒆𝒓𝒄𝒆𝒏𝒕 𝑫𝒊𝒇𝒇𝒆𝒓𝒆𝒏𝒄𝒆(𝟒 𝒎𝒊𝒏) = ⌊ ⌋ 𝑥 100% = 𝟐𝟐. 𝟐𝟐%
11.5 + 9.2
2

12.5 − 14
𝑷𝒆𝒓𝒄𝒆𝒏𝒕 𝑫𝒊𝒇𝒇𝒆𝒓𝒆𝒏𝒄𝒆(𝟔 𝒎𝒊𝒏) = ⌊ ⌋ 𝑥 100% = 𝟏𝟏. 𝟑𝟐%
12.5 + 14
2

14.8 − 14.6
𝑷𝒆𝒓𝒄𝒆𝒏𝒕 𝑫𝒊𝒇𝒇𝒆𝒓𝒆𝒏𝒄𝒆(𝟖 𝒎𝒊𝒏) = ⌊ ⌋ 𝑥 100% = 𝟏. 𝟑𝟔%
14.8 + 14.6
2

17.7 − 17.5
𝑷𝒆𝒓𝒄𝒆𝒏𝒕 𝑫𝒊𝒇𝒇𝒆𝒓𝒆𝒏𝒄𝒆 (𝟏𝟎 𝒎𝒊𝒏) = ⌊ ⌋ 𝑥 100% = 𝟏. 𝟏𝟒%
17.7 + 17.5
2

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 25.6 − 29
𝑷𝒆𝒓𝒄𝒆𝒏𝒕 𝑫𝒊𝒇𝒇𝒆𝒓𝒆𝒏𝒄𝒆 (𝟏𝟐 𝒎𝒊𝒏) = ⌊ ⌋ 𝑥 100% = 𝟏𝟐. 𝟒𝟓%
25.6 + 29
2

41.3 − 47.4
𝑷𝒆𝒓𝒄𝒆𝒏𝒕 𝑫𝒊𝒇𝒇𝒆𝒓𝒆𝒏𝒄𝒆 (𝟏𝟒 𝒎𝒊𝒏) = ⌊ ⌋ 𝑥 100% = 𝟏𝟑. 𝟕𝟓%
41.3 + 47.4
2

52.9 − 56.2
𝑷𝒆𝒓𝒄𝒆𝒏𝒕 𝑫𝒊𝒇𝒇𝒆𝒓𝒆𝒏𝒄𝒆 (𝟏𝟔 𝒎𝒊𝒏) = ⌊ ⌋ 𝑥 100% = 𝟓. 𝟖𝟑%
52.9 + 56.2
2

56.8 − 57.2
𝑷𝒆𝒓𝒄𝒆𝒏𝒕 𝑫𝒊𝒇𝒇𝒆𝒓𝒆𝒏𝒄𝒆 (𝟏𝟖 𝒎𝒊𝒏) = ⌊ ⌋ 𝑥 100% = 𝟎. 𝟕𝟎%
56.8 + 57.2
2

61.8 − 62.4
𝑷𝒆𝒓𝒄𝒆𝒏𝒕 𝑫𝒊𝒇𝒇𝒆𝒓𝒆𝒏𝒄𝒆 (𝟐𝟎 𝒎𝒊𝒏) = ⌊ ⌋ 𝑥 100% = 𝟎. 𝟗𝟔%
61.8 + 62.4
2

67.6 − 69.8
𝑷𝒆𝒓𝒄𝒆𝒏𝒕 𝑫𝒊𝒇𝒇𝒆𝒓𝒆𝒏𝒄𝒆 (𝟐𝟐 𝒎𝒊𝒏) = ⌊ ⌋ 𝑥 100% = 𝟑. 𝟐𝟎%
67.6 + 69.8
2

75.5 − 77.8
𝑷𝒆𝒓𝒄𝒆𝒏𝒕 𝑫𝒊𝒇𝒇𝒆𝒓𝒆𝒏𝒄𝒆 (𝟐𝟒 𝒎𝒊𝒏) = ⌊ ⌋ 𝑥 100% = 𝟑. 𝟎%
75.5 + 77.8
2

85.2 − 85
𝑷𝒆𝒓𝒄𝒆𝒏𝒕 𝑫𝒊𝒇𝒇𝒆𝒓𝒆𝒏𝒄𝒆 (𝟐𝟔 𝒎𝒊𝒏) = ⌊ ⌋ 𝑥 100% = 𝟎. 𝟐𝟒%
85.2 + 85
2

93.6 − 93.2
𝑷𝒆𝒓𝒄𝒆𝒏𝒕 𝑫𝒊𝒇𝒇𝒆𝒓𝒆𝒏𝒄𝒆 (𝟐𝟖 𝒎𝒊𝒏) = ⌊ ⌋ 𝑥 100% = 𝟎. 𝟒𝟑%
93.6 + 93.2
2

100 − 98.8
𝑷𝒆𝒓𝒄𝒆𝒏𝒕 𝑫𝒊𝒇𝒇𝒆𝒓𝒆𝒏𝒄𝒆(𝟑𝟎 𝒎𝒊𝒏) = ⌊ ⌋ 𝑥 100% = 𝟏. 𝟐𝟏%
100 + 98.8
2

71.43 − 73.40
𝑷𝒆𝒓𝒄𝒆𝒏𝒕 𝑫𝒊𝒇𝒇𝒆𝒓𝒆𝒏𝒄𝒆 (𝒔𝒆𝒏𝒔𝒊𝒃𝒍𝒆 𝒉𝒆𝒂𝒕) = ⌊ ⌋ 𝑥 100% = 𝟏. 𝟏𝟖%
71.43 + 73.40
2

50
GRAPHS

Graph 5.1 Time vs Temperature (for Mercurial

thermometer)
30
28
26
24
22
20
TIME (miutes)

18
16
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
TEMPERATURE (C)

Graph 5.2 Time versus Temperature (for digital

temperature)
30
28
26
24
22
20
TIME (min.)

18
16
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
TEMPERATURE (⁰C)

51
VIII. DISCUSSION OF RESULTS

The purpose of this experiment is to be familiar with the measurement of

temperature instruments, and to observe how much heat is needed to melt the ice cubes and to
boil the water in time interval of two minutes. The materials and equipment that we used in this
experiment were 172.7 grams of ice cubes, mercurial thermometer, digital thermometer and
Bunsen Burner and also triple beam balance. At first we put the ice cubes in the beaker and we
measured the temperature of the cubic ice using both thermometers and the result was 1.5 ⁰C
for both thermometers. Then we turned on the Bunsen Burner and we waited for two minutes
then we measured temperature again, the results were 9.2 ⁰C for the mercurial and 11.5⁰C for
the digital thermometer. Initially both thermometers gave same reading, but after every two
minutes the reading was different. After we reached the thirty minutes the reading of the digital
thermometer reached 100 ⁰C. at this moment the ice cubes melt totally and change its phase to
liquid (water). And the reading of the mercurial thermometer was 98.8 ⁰C. or 2.2 ⁰C less than the
digital thermometer.

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IX. DOCUMENTATION OF THE EXPERIMENT

Figure 5.4 Measuring Temperature of Cubic Ice using Digital and Mercurial
Thermometers.

Figure 5.5 measuring a mass of the ice

53
 Figure 5.6 heating the ice using Bunsen heater

Figure 5.7 Group picture after the experiment performed successfully.

54
X. CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION

In this experiment, we learned that water remains 100 ⁰C while boiling. The heat added
to keep the water boiling is latent heat (the heat that causes a change of state with no change in
temperature). Also we observed that the digital thermometer has thermistors inside, which are
temperature sensitive resistors. These thermometers provide quick and highly accurate results
delivered through an LCD screen. By this we mean the digital thermometer is more sensitive
than the mercurial thermometer.

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