Propane and Propylene Tank

Design Description:
This store tank will contain propane and propylene gas in a cylindrical shell with torispherical head and
bottom. The tank is design to store gas every shift (8hr operation). Torispherical heads were chosen
because they’re more economical at pressures between 15-200psi. Four horizontal tanks were used for
storage. Each tank will contain 1161.4m 3 and is designed in a low-carbon nickel steel by ASME UPV S-43
Grade A. An extra capacity allowance of 20% ensures that the tank is not filled. The operating pressure is
140 psi and operating temperature is 30°.

Design Consideration:
1. Capacity of the tank
2. Type of material handled
3. Classification of tank to be used
4. Material used for construction

Data Assumption:
1. Allowance of 20% as safety factor
2. Nozzle Schedule No.
3. 1 day operation

Design Requirement:
1. Volume of each tank
2. Height of the tank
3. Diameter of the tank
4. Shell thickness
5. Crown Radius
6. Knuckle Radius
7. Head thickness
8. Height of the heads
9. Nozzle thickness
10. Manhole
 kg
ρmixture @ 30 ℃ =1.83 [9]
m3
kg
mass flowrate of Propane=11191.96
shift
kg
mass flowrate of Propylene=12.87
shift
kg kg
total mass flowrate of gases=( 11191.96+12.87 ) =11204.83
shift shift

1. Volume of tank
Basis:8hr operation
mRT
Volume of mixture=
PMw
where:
P=Operating pressure
R=universal constant (8.314 J/(mole-K))
T=temperature (K)
Mw=Molecular weight (g/mole)

kg J
11204.83 ×8.314 × 303.15 K
shift mole−K
Volume of mixture=
g kg
965000 Pa× 44.01 ×
mole 1000 g

Volume of the gas=663.64 m3

Assume 20% allowance for safety

Volume of tank required=663.64 m3 ×1.2=796.368m 3

Assume3 tanks
796.368 3
Volume of each tank= m =265.45 m 3
3
 2. Diameter of the tank
(L=D) [13]
Use torispherical head∧bottom

V tank =V cylinder +2V head

V D2 3
tank= π h+2 (.0778 D )
4

π
V tank = ( D 2) ( D ) +2(0.0778)(D 3 )
4
π
V tank = ( D 3 )+ 2(0.0778)(D 3)
4

V tank = ( π2 +2 ( .0778 ) )( D ) 3

V tank
D tank = 3

√( π4 )+2 ( 0.0778 )
265.45 m3
Dtank = 3

√( )π
4
+2 ( 0.0778 )

D tank =6.56 m

3. Length of the tank

Use horizontal tanks [10],
Ltank =D tank
Ltank =6.56 m

4. Shell Thickness
PD
t p= +C [ A ]
2 SE−P
where:

P=total working pressure

D=Diameter of the tank
S=Tensile Strength
E=efficiency
C=Corrosion Factor
tp=shell thickness

P=140 psi
Assume 10% allowance for safety
total working pressure=140 psi× 1.1=154 psi

S=Su x Fm x Fs x Fr x Fa[B ]

where:

Su : minimum Specified tensile strength

Fm: Material Factor

Fs : Temperature Factor

Fr: Stress relief factor

Fa: Radiographing Factor

Use Low Nickel-Carbon Steel as the material used for construction [12].
Su=65 000 psi[3 ]

Fm :1 [ 3 ]

Fs :0.25[3]

Fr :1[3]

Fa:1 [3]

S=65 000 x 1 x 0.25

S=16,250 psi

efficiency for double butt joint = 80% [5]

For corrosion Allowance : ¼ [6]

 Substituting all the values

t p=( 154 psi ) × ( 6.56 m× 39.37 ) ∈ ¿ + 0.25∈¿ ¿

( 2 ×16250 psi ×0.8 )−154 psi

t p=1.79∈¿ 45.44 mm

The minimum thickness of the tank at 6.56 m is 20.18 mm or tp = 0.795 in. [7]
To check if the stress relieving is needed;

6.56+50
tp < [B]
120

6.56(39.37)+50
0.795<
120

0.795<2.57

Therefore stress relieving is not needed.

5. Crown Radius (L)

L=( D+2 ( t p ) ) −6 [ A ]
L=( ( 6.56+2 ( 0.0202 ) ) m× ( 39.37 inches ) ) −6
L=253.8∈¿ 6.45 m

6. Knuckle Radius (Kr)

Kr=0.06 D[ A]
Kr=0.06 ×(6.56 m+2 ( 0.0202m ) )
Kr=0.40 m

7. Head and Bottom thickness

PLW
t h= [C ]
2 SE
where:
P=Internal Pressure
 L=crown radius
S=maximum tensile strength
E=efficiency

Kr 0.40
= =0.062
L 6.45

Through iteration W = 1.78 [B]

154 psi ×253.8∈× 1.78
t h=
2 ×16250 psi× 0.8
t h=2.68∈¿ 67.97 mm

8. Height of the heads

D2
√
2
Length Head =L− L2−
2
4
[ D]

Length Head =6.45 m−√ (6.45 m)2−¿ ¿¿

Length Head =0.9 m

9. Inlet nozzle diameter

ρ v 2 ≤1000 for inlet nozzle [8 ]

kg

√
1000
2 ms2
v=
kg
1.08 2
ms

m
v=30.43
s

m=ρAv
2 4m
D=
√
vρπ
 kg shift hr

√
4 × 11204.83 × ×
shift 8 hrs 3600 s
D= 2
m kg
30.43 × 1.83 3 × π
s m
D inlet =0.1076 m=107.6 mm=150 mm

10. Outlet nozzle diameter

v 2 ≤ 36000 for outlet nozzle[8]
kg

√
3600
2 ms2
v=
kg
1.83 2
ms

m
v=78.122
s

m=ρAv
2 4m
D=
√
vρπ
kg shift hr

√
4 × 11204.83 × ×
shift 8 hrs 3600 s
D= 2
m kg
57.735 × 1.08 3 × π
s m
D inlet =0.0891 m=89.131 mm=100mm

11. Wall thickness of inlet nozzle

PR
Nt= [ E]
SE−0.6 P

Nt=(154 psi) ¿ ¿

Nt=0.32∈.

Nt=8.14 mm
 12. Wall thickness of outlet nozzle

PR
Nt= [ E]
SE−0.6 P

Nt=(154 psi) ¿ ¿

Nt=0.297∈.

Nt=7.54 mm

13. Manhole

Standard on all A.S.M.E. Tanks is 42 in. diameter and larger. (Parker Boiler Co.)