TOPIC :

PLANT GROWTH
REGULATORS

Subject : pharmacognosy
Prepared by : Urooj Umer

1
Document Name
Your Company Name (C) Copyright (Print Date) All Rights Reserved
 PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
Plant growth regulators (PGRs) are the molecules that influence the development of
plants and are generally active at low concentrations Plant hormones control all
aspects of plant growth and development. These are also called plant hormones.

Types of growth Natural growth regulators

Regulators

Synthetic growth regulators

NATURAL GROWTH REGULATORS

NATURAL ACTIONS USES FUNCTIONS
GROWTH
REGULATORS
Promote stem Used in agriculture Stimulate cell elongation
AUXINS elongation. and horticulture. Stimulate differentiation
Inhibit the growth of Commercially IAA is of xylem and phloem.
lateral buds. used to promote the Delay leaf senescence
Responsible for growth of Inhibit the growth of
phototropism adventitious roots lateral buds.
Play an important and detached Promote root initiation
role in apical leaves. on stem cuttings
dominance. Promote normal fruit Promote lateral
development. development in tissue
culture.
GIBBERELLINS Acts by inducing the Increase the malting Stem elongation.
activity of of barley. Bolting.
glycogenic Increase the Seed germination.
enzymes. sugarcane yield. Breaking of seed
Induces the Increase fruit dormancy.
synthesis of production. Increasing fruit size.
hydrolytic enzymes Mixture of GA4 and Stimulate flowering.
e.g. alpha amylase. GA7 used to Delayed ripening.
Mobilizes seed enhance seed Malting.
storage reserves. production.
Overcomes seed
dormancy.

2
Document Name
Your Company Name (C) Copyright (Print Date) All Rights Reserved
 Involves in signal Some fruits Stimulates root and shoot
ETHYLENE transduction. produce ethylene as differentiation.
Involves in fruit they ripen. Flower ripening.
ripening . Stimulates the Fruit ripening.
Involved in shoot enzymes that Flower opening.
growth. breakdown the cell Stimulates the release of
Helps the fruit to fall. wall, chlorophyll,. dormancy.
Convert starch to Role in adventitious root formation.
sugars . Stimulates leaves flower and fruit
Make the fruit soft and abscission.
ripe and ready to eat. Involves the color development of
fruits.

Produce in response It is used in agriculture Inhibits the growth in response to

ABSICIC to stress. Induces dormancy in light and temperature
Inhibits stimulatory leaves , shoots and Maintains dormancy of seeds.
ACID effects of other underground stems. Controls the opening and closing
hormones. Reduces the of stomata.
Inhibits cell division transcription to greater Inhibits seed germination and
in vascular extend. development.
cambium. Conserves water and
Inhibits shoot reduce irrigation.
growth.

CYTOKININS Involved in cell Cytokinins are  Promotes cell division.

division. used to prevent ripe Morphogenesis
Root fruit from ageing Lateral bud development
morphogenesis. To control tissue Delay the senescence
Regulate auxiliary development in micro Stomatal opening
bud. propagation Rapid transport in xylem stream.
Increase mitosis.

3
Document Name
Your Company Name (C) Copyright (Print Date) All Rights Reserved
 SYNTHETIC PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
SYNTHETIC PLANT ACTIONS
GROWTH USES FUCTIONS
REGULATORS
NAA It induces uniform NAA is a synthetic is an Induces rooting of cutting
(naphthalene flowering. ingredient in many Involved in potato sprouting
acetic acid) Causes fruit setting. commercial plant rooting Helped in natural fruit setting.
horticultural products it is
a rooting agent and used
for the vegetative
propagation of plants
from stem and leaf
cuttings.
It is also used for plant
tissue culture.
2,4-D 2,4-D acts by Primarily used as a Unsustainable growth ensues,
(Dichlorophenoxy mimicking the action selective herbicide which causing stem curl-over, leaf
acetic acid) of the auxin, which kills many terrestrial and withering, and eventual plant
results in aquatic broadleaf weeds. death.
uncontrolled growth
and eventually death
in susceptible plants.

REFRENCES
https://www.google.com/search?
q=synthetic+plant+growth+regulators&sxsrf=ALeKk026NBtpfUpzW9a4fs1NT_I9MAiTtQ:
1589225412536&source=lnms&tbm=isch&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwj3h
https://www.google.com/search?
q=synthetic+plant+growth+regulators&sxsrf=ALeKk026NBtpfUpzW9a4fs1NT_I9MAiTtQ:
1589225412536&source=lnms&tbm=isch&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwj3h 4
https://www.slideshare.net/SudheerKandibanda/plant-growth-regulators-56599895
Document Name
%3A1589224864737&ei=oKW5XpDCLIWXlwTw6ILwBQ&q=commercial+uses+of+cytok
Your Company Name (C) Copyright (Print Date) All Rights Reserved
inins&oq