Organismal Biology and Taxonomy – BIOS 1002 Name: ABDULLA – 500218204.

In-Class and Take Home: Assignment 3 Due Date: Feb. 09, 2024

1. Complete the following table of plant phytohormones. [5]

Hormone Tissue Where Synthesized Primary Function

Meristematic tissues of shoot and root Promotes cell growth and elongation of
tips of plants. shoot and root of plants. Tropism also.

Auxin

Primarily synthesised in roots but also Promotes cell division and overall growth
produced in developing seeds, fruits, and of plants. Also interacts with other plant
young leaves. hormones for nutrient uptake
Cytokinins

Synthesised in actively growing tissues – It helps in various aspects of growth of

meristematic, ripening fruit, aging leaves, plant. It plays key role in ripening process
and flower. of fruits.
Ethylene

It is synthesised in chloroplast within leaf It regulates stomatal closure in response

tissue. During maturation in seeds also. to water and help in water loss.it also
plays critical role in seed dormancy by
inhibiting germination.
Abscisic Acid

It is synthesised in meristematic tissues It takes part in many things such as

of young plant leaves, roots, and seeds. influencing flowering time, breaking seed
dormancy, cell enlargement and fruit
growth.
Gibberelins
 2. Plant growth and development requires unique combinations of nutrients obtained from the
environment. Of the three main nutrients (nitrogen, phosphate, and potassium), nitrogen is
often among the most limiting nutrient. Explain what a root nodule is and why certain plant
species rely on this system over doing it them self.
[5]

Answer - Certain plants, like beans and peas, develop what are known as root nodules—compact little
homes—on their roots. These houses contain unique microorganisms known as rhizobia. For plants to
grow large and robust, they must work in tandem with bacteria to extract nitrogen from the atmosphere
and convert it into a form of nourishment. Since most plants are unable to utilize the nitrogen in the air
on their own, this is helpful. Thus, these plant teams are advantageous, particularly in areas where soil
nitrogen levels are low.
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