ENGLISH TERMINOLOGIES REVIEWER

@writeraldrin: hi, this is NOT a College Entrance Exam reviewer; This serves as a balik aral
type of reviewer in order to help you understand the latter later on.

ENGLISH

A subject that focuses on grammar, speech, linguistics, and many more.

- A noun identifies a person, place , or anything in general.

- Pronouns are fairly similar to nouns; always identifying the subject. However,
pronouns use words, such as: She, He, It, They, Them… etc

- Antecedents are nouns that you mention early in the statement, then later
replace it with a pronoun. ( ex. I love my friends but, they are too much
sometimes )

- Relative Pronouns are used for connecting relative clauses to independent

clauses. Commonly used are that, which, who, whom, and what.

- Interrogative Pronouns are commonly used in questions. ( ex. Who, What,

Which, Whose )

- Possessive Pronouns indicates possession and uses words such as: my, its,
yours, its hers, his. Etc

- Reflexive Pronouns are used for when we do an action towards ourselves. (

-self, -selves, myself, themselves, itself, himself, herself, yourselve, and
ourselves )

- Indefinite Pronouns refers to subjects that don’t need to necessarily be

identified. Commonly used are: One, other, anyone, anybody, somebody,
everybody… etc

- Demonstrative Pronouns identify someone or something. Commonly used

are; This, that, these, or those.

- A verb is a word that is used to describe an action. ( ex. Walk, talk, sleep, run,
swim, jump… )
- Adverbs modify verbs. They are usually formed by adding -ly, -y,. In addition,
adverbs answer the questions; when, where, how long, how often?

- Regular Verbs usually end with d or ed.

- Irregular Verbs change its vowels, without changing the tense. ( ex. drive -
drove, swim-swam, leave-left )

- Fragment sentences are incomplete sentences

- When a pronoun is present, you have to find where the antecedent is and
identify if the pronoun used is appropriate. ( ex from SAT: The new theory
answers the problem but also comes with their own weaknesses. The
pronoun used is their. However, their usually refers to people. Thus, its is the
correct pronoun to use since the antecedent is The new theory.

- When using ‘every’, or ‘each’, do consider your pronouns. ( ex from SAT:

Every student should bring their books to class. ) The word, every is used
in a singular manner. Therefore, the correct pronoun should be his or her,
since you’re referring to a mixed gender group. (gets niyo ba ssksk)

- Collective nouns are nouns used for a group of people or things. ( ex.
Group, array, pack, herd, team, audience, people, army )

- Who is used for identifying the subject in a sentence. ( ex. Who will be the
judge tonight? )

- Whom is used as an object in a sentence. ( ex. To whom did you give the
gift? They talked to whom? )

- Dangling Modifiers are modifiers that don’t modify anything. ( ex.

Running through the jungle, a bee stung me. ) This statement is
incorrect. Running through the jungle modifies what? Therefore, the
statement should be: Running through the jungle, Claire took a turn but
a bee stung her. In this statement, Running through the jungle modifies
Claire, the subject.

- Misplaced Modifiers are modifiers that are far from the words they
modify. (ex. Singing and dancing, Claire’s dress was damaged. ) This
statement is incorrect because the modifiers, Singing and Dancing do
 not modify Claire’s dress. It should modify Claire herself. Therefore, the
correct statement should be: Singing and Dancing, Claire noticed that
her dress was damaged )

- Past Tense refers to an action done in the past. ( ex. danced, slept, sang,
ran… etc )
- Present Tense refers to an action currently being done ( ex. dancing,
sleeping, singing, running… etc )

- Future Tense describes an action that is about to be done. ( ex. will dance,
will sleep, will sing, will run… etc )

- Participles are used as adjectives and only have two forms: Past Participle
and Present Participle.

- Present Participles are a form of a verb that uses the formula: base + ing.
It also functions as an adjective.

- Past Participles are a form of verb that indicates an action was done and
completed in the past. In addition, when dealing with regular verbs, an
auxiliaries are commonly used: has, have, and had.

- Parallelism uses the same pattern of words to emphasize the intensity or

importance of the topic. ( ex. I will be running, singing, and to sleep ) This
statement is incorrect because and to does not follow the pattern of the
previous words. In addition, parallelism focuses on consistency.

- Run-On sentences are two complete sentences without proper

punctuation, thus becoming too long to read. ( ex. they went swimming
yesterday I thought they went to the mall ) This statement is too long to
read and has no proper punctuation. It should be: They went swimming
yesterday, but I thought they went to the mall.

- A comma splice is the incorrect use of a comma. This occurs when a

comma is used for connecting two sentences. ( ex. I am walking across
the field, I tripped over a log. ) This is incorrect because there is no
connecting word used. Therefore, the correct statement should be: I am
walking across the field, but I tripped over a log.