Learning Infection Control

Contact precautions: Direct hand to skin contact or indirect contact with surfaces

Droplet precautions: Larger than > 5 mcm pathogens 3 ft. or less (coughing or sneezing)

Airborne precautions: Smaller < 5 mcm pathogens that stay suspended in the air over time

Infectious meaning: You can spread it person to person

Non Infectious meaning: You cannot spread it person to person

Aerosolized meaning: You can generate airborne particles if disturbed (powdered substance,
coughing, sneezing, and dust (asbestos) so you may need a Respirator for whatever procedure
that can turn particles airborne.

Standard Contact Droplet Airborne

 Gloves  Private or  Private or  Private room

 Cohort Cohort cohort  Negative airflow pressure
Room or room  Mask when with 6-12 exchanges/hr.
Private  Gloves and within 3 ft.  N95, HEPA, Respirator,
depending Gown of the pt. Gown, Gloves
on  Open Door  Open door  Closed Door
healthcare Varicella-I Pneumonic Plague- Tuberculosis-I
setting Impetigo-I I, A Varicella-I
Botulism-NI, A
Anthrax
-cutaneous NI
-Inhalation- NI, A
Bubonic Plague- NI
 Standard Contact Droplet Airborne

 Gloves  Private or  Private or  Private room

 Cohort Room or Cohort cohort  Negative airflow
Private room  Mask pressure with 6-12
depending on  Gloves when exchanges/hr
healthcare and Gown within 3 ft  N95, HEPA,
setting  Open of the pt Respirator, Gown,
Botulism-NI, A Door  Open door Gloves
Anthrax Varicella-I Pneumonic  Closed Door
-cutaneous NI Impetigo-I Plague- I, A Tuberculosis-I
-Inhalation- NI, A Varicella-I
Bubonic Plague- NI
 Donning PPE

Standard Precautions: Applies to all patients

• Includes handwashing
• Wearing PPE
• Clean, Aseptic and Sterile techniques
When to use- when coming in contact with blood, bodily fluids, excretions, secretions

PPE (personal protective equipment):

How to Donne/ put on:

1. Hand Hygiene
2. Gown FIRST
3. Mask or Respirator
4. Goggles Eye protection
5. Gloves LAST
How to Remove/take off:

1. Gloves FIRST
2. Goggles (Eye protection)
3. Gown
4. Mask or Respirator (Last)
5. Perform Hand Hygiene
You should be in the anteroom or in the doorway removing PPE

Remove the respirator after leaving the patient room and closing the door
 Resources

http://www.cdc.gov/hai/pdfs/ppe/ppeposter8511.pdf

Kaplan 2015-16 Nclex RN strategies pg 134, 135