COGINITIVE THERAPY,

BEHAVIOUR THERAPY AND

RATIONAL EMOTIVE
BEHAVIOURAL THERAPY(REBT)

KRISHNAPRIYA P
S2,MSW
St. THOMAS COLLEGE,
THRISSUR
 CONTENTS
• Introduction
• Cognitive therapy
• Behaviour therapy
• Rational emotive behavioural therapy(REBT)
• Reference
 INTRODUCTION
• Psychotherapies caters to a variety of
methods that are aimed at increasing ones
understanding of oneself and ones
relationship with others and developing more
effective ways of coping with problems.
• It is meant to change troublesome aspects of
ones inner and outer life and it deals with
cluster of issues.
• It is aimed to making deeper personality
changes in the individuals.
 1. COGINITIVE THERAPY
• AARONT T.BECK(1921) Developed cognitive
therapy.
• Cognition are linked to feelings, behaviour and
physiology. By our conscious mind we can access
cognition.
• There are three types of cognition:
1. Information processing : we constantly receive
information's both from internally and
externally.
2. Automatic thoughts : spontaneous cognitions
and they are part of our internal dialogue often
 3. Schema : it refers to hypothetical cognitive
structures that acts as templates to filter incoming
information's. They are learned through early
experience.
• Automatic thoughts are personalized notions that
are triggered by particular stimuli that lead to
emotional responses. Those who are emotional
difficulties are inclined to commit “characteristic
logical errors”. Some of the logical errors are :
1. Arbitrary inferences : making conclusions
without supporting and relevant evidence.
2. Selective abstractions : forming conclusion based
on isolated detail of an event.
3. Over generalization : holding extreme belief on the
basis of a single incident and applying them
inappropriately to dissimilar events or settings.
4. Magnification and minimization : perceiving a case
or a situation in a greater or lesser light than it truly
deserves .it is evaluating events or situations either
giving undue or very little importance than what in
reality they are worth.
5. Personalization : to relate external events to
themselves even when there is no basis for making
this connection.
6. Labelling and mislabelling : portraying ones identity
on the basis of imperfection and mistakes made in the
past and allowing them to define ones true identity.
7. Polarized thinking or Dichotomous thinking :
thinking or interpreting in all or nothing terms or
categorizing experience in either or extreme.

MULTI-FACTORIAL THEORY
• Cognitive theory propose a multi factorial theory to
explain how maladaptive cognitive schemas,
automatic thoughts and cognitive distortions
leading to emotional disturbance are acquired as a
following interactive factors:
1. Genetic predisposition
2. Childhood experiences
 3. Social learning

SKILLS AND STRATEGIES

1. COGINITIVE STRATEGIES:
I. Socratic questioning
II. Cost
II. Alternative perspective
V. Identifying automatic thought forms
V. Reality testing
VI. Cognitive rehearsal
2. BEHAVIOURAL STRATEGIES:
 I. Graded exposure
II. Monitoring activities
II. Scheduling activities behavioural experiment
V. Relaxation techniques

CONSTRACTIVISM
• Clients reality is accepted without disputing whether it
is accurate or rational. By this approach the therapist
does not impose his own views on the clients.
• Cognitive therapy believes that clients are active agents
who are able to achieve meaning out of their
experiential world. Thus, process of change is
facilitated, but not directed by the therapist.
 2. BEHAVIOUR THERAPY
• Behavioural therapy is meant to change
observable and measurable human behaviour.
• It covers wide range of approaches. One end one
consider only behaviour through thoughts and
are considered peripheral to the therapeutic
work. At the other end, thoughts are taken
seriously and considered to be central and
mediating factor of behaviour.
 BASIC CHARACTERISTICS AND
ASSUMPTIONS
• Behaviour concepts is based on experimentally
derived Principle of learning.
• Clients current problem and the factors that
influence them are of main concern rather than
the historical determinants.
• As an action oriented approach the client does
something to bring about change and monitors his
or her behaviour during and outside the therapy
sessions.
• As far as possible therapy is carried out in the
natural environment of the client.
• Therapy techniques are tailored to fit the unique
needs of the client perhaps using various
techniques as the case may demand.
• The client and the therapist have a collaborative
partnership.
 THERAPEUTIC TECHNIQUES AND
PROCEDURES
• Relaxation training and related methods
• Exposure therapies:
1. Systematic desensitization
I. Relaxation training
II. Development of anxiety hierarchy
III. Systematic desensitization
2. In vivo desensitization
3.Flooding and implosive therapy
4.Eye-Movement desensitization and reprocessing
(EMDR)
 5. Modelling methods
Advantages of modelling method :
I. First of all one acquires new responses or skills
and their performance
II. Inhabitation of fear response especially when the
observer sees the model performing inhibited fear
response.
II. Facilitation of responses happens when a model
provides cues for others to emulate
TYPES OF MODEL :
1. Live model
2. Symbolic model
 3. Multiple model
6. Assertion Training: Assertion training is helpful
for,
1. Those who cannot say no to others
2. Those who overly polite and allow others to take
undue advantages of them
3. Those who cannot express positive feelings like
affection
4. Those who do not feel confident to express their
thoughts, beliefs and feelings
7. Multimodal therapy (MMT)
 3. RATIONAL EMOTIVE BEHAVIOURAL
THERAPY ( REBT)
• Rational emotive behaviour therapy also known as
REBT developed by Albert Ellis is a type of
cognitive behavioural therapy focussed on helping
clients change in their irrational beliefs.
• It is also useful to treat self in case of any such
behavioural problem.
• REBT helps the client to manage their thoughts ,
feeling and behaviour so it is ideal for people with
multiple , interacting psychological and addictive
problems
• According to REBT our attitude , our beliefs , our
thoughts , the way we think about events and the
meaning we give to them directly effect how we feel
and behave.
• REBT focuses on techniques rather than insight.it
teaches people how to change.
• REBT encourages the client to accept their limitations
while working on self change.
 POSTULATES
• People are not disturbed by things but rather
by how they view things.
• All emotional problems come from irrational
thinking's.
• Root cause of problems is that people
mistakenly blame external events for their
unhappiness.
 A B C MODEL

• A : Activating events. Something happens in the

environment around you.
• B : Belief you hold. A belief you hold about the
events or situations.
• C : consequences. Emotional response resulted
due to your beliefs.
• REBT appeal to you if you relish quickly taking
control of your own life , rather than remaining
dependent up on a therapist for years
• BY giving you tools for identifying and
overcoming the true source of your difficulties ,
it will prepare you to act in many ways as your
own therapist. And by helping you to reinforce
realistic , self benefiting beliefs , it will be enable
you to eliminate present emotional and
behavioural problems and to avoid future ones.
 REFERANCE
• Psychotherapies in counselling by D. John
Antony , Anugraha publication , 2003
• Counselling children and youth by Sr.Dr.Joan
chungapura MMS , Bro. Mathew
chulapurambil Ph.D.
THANK YOU