Wind-Governed Design Example PDF

NFBA Design Tool for Design of Post-Frame Building Systems
Part 1: Lateral Design of a 72’x120’x16’ Post-Frame Building
Wind-Governed Design Example
Introduction
Design professionals can use this document to learn how to conduct the structural design of a
post-frame building system for lateral loading. Architects or engineers can use this document to
walk through the unique features of diaphragm design of post-frame building systems and the
detailed engineering calculations for the structural design of a typical post-frame building.
This document — Part 1: Lateral Design of a 72 ft. x 120 ft. x 16 ft Post-Frame Building, Wind-
Governed Design Example — contains the engineering design procedures and detailed
calculations to conduct the structural design of a single story post-frame building located on a
site where lateral design wind loads exceed lateral design seismic loads. It begins with a general
description of the post-frame building to be designed, followed by detailed descriptions and
calculations of design loads, roof diaphragm panel in-plane shear strength and stiffness,
shearwall panel in-plane shear strength and stiffness, the portion of the lateral wind load carried
to ground by the post-frame, and the portion carried to ground by the roof diaphragm and
shearwalls using an on-line computer program, the Diaphragm and Frame Interaction (DAFI)
Calculator.
The structure has a 72 ft. clear span, is 120 ft. long, and has a 16 ft. eave height. The building
has post-frames spaced 8 ft. on center along both sidewalls. Each post frame consists of wood
sidewall columns attached directly to engineered, 2x metal-plate connected wood gable trusses
with flat lower chords, and two equally sloped upper chords. The roof and walls are sheathed
with 29 ga corrugated steel sheathing. Preservative treated laminated wood sidewall columns
embedded directly into the ground provide the building foundation.
The design example continues with the structural design of the unique structural elements of the
post-frame system, including the nail-laminated wood sidewall columns, the shallow embedded
post foundation system, the wood sidewall girts, and the wood roof purlins. The document also
includes the detailed procedures and calculations to determine the adequacy of the roof
diaphragm panels and all the shearwall panels to carry the design in-plane shear loads.
The key structural connections required to ensure continuous load paths to ground are identified
and detailed procedures and calculations for designing each of the key connections are provided.
Finally, the document details the lateral and longitudinal bracing requirements for the building
system.
The design example follows provisions of the 2009 International Building Code, the 2005
National Design Specification for Wood Construction, ASCE 7-05: Minimum Design Loads for
Buildings and Other Structures, and the Post-Frame Building Design Manual. The appropriate
sections of these design references are cited throughout the design example.
This design tool was developed by Timber Tech Engineering, Inc. located in Kouts, Indiana.
Timber Tech Engineering’s assistance in developing the calculations and solution presentation is
hereby acknowledged. The truss design was provided by Lumber Specialties of Dyersville, Iowa
and their contribution is also acknowledged.
How to Use This Design Tool
This example is divided into two parts. Part 1 is written as a teaching tool for designers not
familiar with post-frame building design in that it explains each step of the lateral design process
for a post-frame building and summarizes the results of the calculations. Part 2 is a
comprehensive calculation package that gives the background design calculations for each step
and is a much longer document. The reader is referred to the Part 2 comprehensive calculation
package through hyperlinks, placed at critical locations throughout the report, if more
information is desired. Both Part 1 and Part 2 can be used as stand alone documents.
Part 1 Wind-Governed Design Example 2

TABLE OF CONTENTS
Section 1: Building Description 4
Section 2: ASCE 7-05 Load Calculations 7
Section 3: Diaphragm Design 10
Section 4: Post Design 21
Section 5: Post Foundation Design 23
Section 6: Purlin & Girt Design 27
Section 7: Connection Design 28
Section 8: Truss Bracing Details 33
Section 9: Design Summary 40

Section 1: Building Description
This is a design example in which a 72' wide x 120' long x 16' high Post-Frame building's lateral
force resisting system is analyzed and designed for wind and seismic loading. The roof is gable
framed with a 3.5:12 pitch on each side. The building is located in Dane County, Wisconsin
where, surrounded by closely spaced wind obstructions, it qualifies for surface roughness
category B as defined in ASCE 7-05. This commercial building is comprised of the following
structural members:
Structural Component Description Spacing

Sidewall Posts 3-ply 2x8 nail-laminated column 8 ft o/c
Endwall Posts 3-ply 2x8 nail-laminated column 8 ft o/c
Foundation 24”Ø x 8” concrete footing with 24”Ø concrete 8 ft o/c
collar poured around post
Wall Girts 2x4 #2 SYP, each continuous over 2 spans 24 in o/c
Roof Purlins 2x4 #2 SYP, on edge 24 in o/c and 16 in o/c
in unbalanced snow area
Roof Trusses Metal plate connected wood truss, 3.5/12 pitch, 8 ft o/c
0/12 pitch bottom chord
Roof/Wall Sheathing 29 gage Grandrib 3 metal sheathing by Fabral n/a
Figure 1A shows the exterior elevations, and Figure 1B is a sketch of the plan view of the
building. There are (4) 36"x60" windows equally spaced on one endwall and (1) 24'Wx14'H
overhead door in the opposite endwall; there are (2) 36"x60" windows and (2) 16'Wx14'H
overhead doors and (1) 36"x80" man door in the rear sidewall and (2) 36"x80" man doors and (2)
16'Wx14'H overhead doors in the front sidewall. The exterior walls and roof are sheathed with
Grandrib 3, 29 gage structural metal sheathing manufactured by Fabral. On the interior, the
walls and ceiling are also sheathed with Grandrib 3, 29 gage structural metal sheathing by Fabral
(see Figure 3A and 3B for panel profile and fastener pattern, test panel size and configuration,
and in-plane shear strength and stiffness data). The ceiling is framed with 2x4 #2 SYP ceiling
joists 24" o/c between the trusses. The ceiling sheathing and roof sheathing have the same
orientation. The building is heated and insulated with R-19 insulation in walls and R-30
insulation in the ceiling. There is a 12" roof overhang on the gable ends and 24" overhang on the
sidewalls.

Figure P5.1. Building Footprint
Figure P5.3. Cross section of office area
Figure 1A. Exterior Elevations

Figure 1B. Floor Plan

Section 2: ASCE 7-05 Load Calculations
The design dead loads, snow loads, minimum roof live loads, wind loads and seismic loads are
all taken from ASCE 7-05, “Minimum Design Loads for Buildings and Other Structures” per
IBC 2009. The design loads and the ASCE 7-05 section reference for each are given in Table 1.
Link to Part 2 Section 2.1 Wind Load Calculations >

Link to Part 2 Section 2.4 Snow Load Calculations >
Link to Part 2 Section 2.5 Seismic Load Calculations >
TABLE 1 DESIGN LOAD REQUIREMENTS

Dead Loads: (Dead: ASCE 7-05 Section 3.1)
Steel Roofing (psfsurface area) 1 psf
Purlins (psfsurface area) 1.25 psf
Bracing/Hardware (psfsurface area) 1.5 psf
Total Top Chord [Dr (surface area)] 3.75 psf
Top Chord [Dr = Dr(surface area)/cos(16.26)] 4 psf
Bottom Chord 5 psf
Truss Loads: (Dead: ASCE 7-05 Section 3.1)(Live: ASCE 7-05 Section 4)
A. Top Chord Live 25 psf
B. Top Chord Dead 4 psf
C. Bottom Chord Live 0 psf
D. Bottom Chord Dead 5 psf
Snow Loads: (ASCE 7-05 Section 7)
A. Ground Snow (Pg) 30 psf
B. Flat Roof Snow (Pf) 23.1 psf
C. Snow Exposure Factor (Ce) 1.0
D. Snow Load Importance Factor (I) 1.0
E. Sloped Roof Snow (Ps) 23.1 psf
F. Unbalanced Snow
i. Windward roof 7 psf
ii. Leeward roof (for first 10.5 ft. from ridge) 44 psf
iii. Leeward roof (from 10.5 ft. from ridge to eave) 23.1 psf
Wind Loads: (ASCE 7-05 Section 6)
A. Basic Wind Speed (V) 90 mph
B. Wind Load Importance Factor (I) 1.0
C. Wind Exposure Category B
D. Internal Pressure Coefficient +/- 0.18
E. Components and Cladding per ASCE 7 Figure 6-11

Wind Pressures
Main Wind Force Resisting System
Wall – Windward Horizontal @ End Zone - +10.4 psf
Windward Horizontal @ Interior Zone - +7.6 psf
Leeward Horizontal @ End Zone - -8.6 psf
Leeward Horizontal @ Interior Zone - -6.4 psf
Roof – Horizontal @ End Zone - +10/-14 psf
Horizontal @ Interior Zone - +/-10 psf
Vertical @ End Zone - -14 psf
Vertical @ Interior Zone - -10 psf
Components and Cladding
(1) Roof Interior Zones - +10/-11.7 psf
(2) Roof End Zones - +10/-19.2 psf
(3) Roof Corner Zones - +10/-29 psf
(4) Wall Interior Zones - +10/-13.7 psf
(5) Wall End Zones - +10/-16.4 psf
Seismic Loads: (ASCE 7-05 Section 12)
A. Analysis Procedure Used:
i. Equivalent Lateral Force Procedure
B. Basic Seismic Force Resisting System:
i. Light-framed walls sheathed with steel sheets
C. Mapped Spectral Response Coefficients
i. At Short Periods, SS 0.15
ii. At 1 Second, S1 0.05
D. Occupancy Category II
E. Seismic Importance Factor (I) 1.0
F. Site Class (Assumed) D
G. Design Spectral Response Coefficients
i. At Short Periods, SDS 0.16
ii. At 1 Second, SD1 0.08
H. Seismic Design Category D
I. Response Modification Factor, R 7
J. Redundancy Factor, r 1.0
K. Seismic Response Coefficient, Cs 0.023
L. Design Base Shear, V (for one 8’ bay) 143 lbs
The design roof dead load is 4 psf and the design ceiling dead load is 5 psf. The dead loads of
the different materials for the roof plane are listed based on surface area and then converted to
the horizontal projection to give the top chord dead load.

The design snow load is 23.1 psf which is greater than the minimum roof live load of 20 psf and
therefore controls. Unbalanced snow load is calculated based upon the windward roof slope
projection (greater than 20 ft.) and the roof slope (less than 20 degrees as per ASCE 7-05,
Section 7.6.1). Snow load and unbalanced snow load are calculated for a heated building with
insulated ceiling and the roof is considered to be partially exposed.
The Design Main Wind Force Resisting System (MWFRS) and Components and Cladding
(C&C) wind pressures and suctions were calculated for positive, negative and zero internal
pressure conditions. Footnote 6 of Figure 6-10 in ASCE 7-05 specifies that if the roof wind
loads act to decrease the magnitude of the wall framing shear, that maximum post shear shall be
determined by neglecting the lateral forces acting on the roof. The controlling lateral wind force
to be resisted by the MWFRS was found by considering wind applied to roof and walls, wind
applied to walls only, and 10 psf wind pressure applied to the vertical projection. The lateral
force from seismic load was also calculated and compared to the wind force. The response
modification factor, R, and deflection amplification factor, Cd, were chosen from ASCE 7-05
Table 12.2-1. The comparison between wind and seismic was performed for both strength and
serviceability criterion using forces generated from the critical load combinations. It was found
that wind loading controls for strength design and serviceability requirements. The allowable
lateral deflection at the eave was found by taking the eave height divided by 120 (L/120 limit).
The actual deflection comes from the DAFI analysis in the Diaphragm Design section.
ASCE 7-05, Section 2.4.1 lists six design load combinations for allowable strength design. Of
these the controlling combinations for this building design are:
 Wall posts D + 0.75(S + W)

 Roof diaphragm D + W and 0.6D + W
 Endwall shearwalls D + W and 0.6D + W
 Roof Truss D+S
 Post foundation (Lateral) D + W and 0.6D + W
 Post foundation (Uplift) 0.6D + W
 Wall girts D + W and 0.6D + W
 Purlins 0.6D + W or D + S
The 10 psf minimum wind load applied to the vertical projection (per ASCE 7-05 Section
6.1.4.1) controls the design of the MWFRS for this building as shown in Part 2 Section 2.5.4.
However, many individual building components are controlled by wind pressures derived from
coefficients. The purpose of this design example is to illustrate how wind pressures are applied
to each individual building surface, how they translate into shear and bending forces in the
diaphragm, and what affect these pressures have on individual building components. This
example will present the lateral design process for a post-frame building using wind pressures
and suctions from coefficients, and the effects of the 10 psf minimum wind load on the MWFRS
will be shown separately in Part 2 Appendix E. The MWFRS is a combination of the roof
diaphragm, shearwalls, and the post-frame. Part 2 Appendix E shows the adequacy of the roof
diaphragm, shearwalls, and post-frame for the 10 psf minimum wind load requirement.

Section 3: Diaphragm Design
The roof diaphragm, ceiling diaphragm and shearwalls (including inside and outside faces of
endwalls and sidewalls) will be sheathed with 29 gage Fabral Grandrib 3 structural steel
sheathing panels with the profile and fastener pattern shown in Figure 3A.
Figure 3A. Sheathing profiles and fastener patterns for the roof and wall panels
The primary dimensions of the diaphragm test panel used to determine the in-plane shear
strength and stiffness are shown in Figure 3B. The overall test panel dimensions are a = 9 ft and
b = 12 ft. The panel fastener schedule is (1) #10-1 ½ inch long screw at each
corrugation/framing intersection. The exception is that (2) screws are used per connection along
the diaphragm boundary. Purlins (2x4) on edge and spaced 2 ft. on center are attached to the

chords/rafters with (1) 60d spike and (2) 10d toenails. The species and lumber grade for the
panel framing was No. 2 Douglas-fir for the purlins and No. 2 Douglas-fir for the rafters.
The in-plane structural properties of the Grandrib 3 test panels as provided in Table 6.1 (Test
Assembly #6) of the "Post-Frame Building Design Manual" (PFBDM) by the National Frame
Building Association (NFBA) are shown below.
 Ulitimate Strength, Pu, (lbf) 3300

 Allowable Shear Strength, va, (lbf/ft) 110
 Effective In-Plane Stiffness, c, (lbf/in) 2920
 Effective Shear Modulus, G, (lbf/in) 2190
Figure 3B. Test panel arrangement for determining in-plane shear strength and
stiffness of diaphragm test panels.
The maximum in-plane shear force cannot exceed the allowable unit shear strength, va,
multiplied by the diaphragm length. The PFBDM is silent on the controlling failure mode for the
different test series' conducted. If the failure was in the wood portion of the test assembly, a load
duration factor of 1.6 could be applied; however, if the failure was in the steel panels, then no
increase can be taken. We will use the conservative approach and assume steel failure.
The total in-plane shear strength of an individual diaphragm is calculated by multiplying the
allowable design shear strength, va, by the slope length of the diaphragm. The horizontal shear
stiffness of an individual diaphragm, ch, is obtained by adjusting the model diaphragm in-plane
shear stiffness, c, for the actual building size and roof slope as described in Section 6.4 of the
PFBDM and as shown in the following calculations.

3
C h   c h ,i
I 1
 bh ,1 

c h ,1 roof  c h , 2 roof  G cos    
 s 
a
G  c 
b
lb
c  2920
in
a  9 ft
b  12 ft
 lb  9 ft  lb
G   2920    2190
 in  12 ft  in
72 ft
bh ,1   2 ft  38 ft
2
s  8 ft
lb  
c h ,1  c h , 2  2190 cos16.26 38 ft   9986 lb
in  8 ft  in
lb  
c h ,3 ceiling  2190 cos 0 72 ft  19710 lb
in  8 ft  in
ch, 1 roof = 9,986 lb/in

ch, 2 roof = 9,986 lb/in
ch, 3 ceiling = 19,710 lb/in
Link to Part 2 Section 3.1 Horizontal Roof Stiffness Calculations >
3.1 Total Diaphragm Horizontal Roof Stiffness, Ch
The total horizontal shear stiffness, Ch, of the roof assembly is calculated by summing the
horizontal shear stiffness values of the individual roof diaphragms including both roof slopes, ch,1
and ch,2 as well as the ceiling, ch,3.
Ch,Total = 39,683 lb/in

3.2 Frame Stiffness, k
The stiffness of the bare frame, k, is the ratio of an applied horizontal eave load divided by the
resulting calculated horizontal eave deflection. A computer analog of the frame consisting of
two posts and the truss has been used to calculate this term. The post to soil interface is assumed
to be a non-constrained post as defined in the PFBDM, Page 8-2; the structural analog of this
interface is shown in Figure 4A on page 22.
p lbs
k  133.3
 in
P  horizontal load
  frame displacement
Link to Part 2 Appendix Section A.1 Frame Stiffness Calculations >
3.3 Endwall Stiffness, ke
The endwall stiffness, ke, is calculated by summing the horizontal shear stiffness of the endwall
diaphragm and the sum of the bending stiffness of all the endwall posts. The horizontal shear
stiffness of the endwall diaphragm is deduced from the test panel shear stiffness using the same
equations as used to determine the roof diaphragm panel. The interior liner attached to the
endwalls is constructed the same as the exterior siding and is included by doubling the endwall
sheathing shear stiffness.
ke, 1 = 17,117 lb/in (stiffness of endwall with 4 windows)

ke, 2 = 13,693 lb/in (stiffness of endwall with 24 ft door)
Link to Part 2 Section 3.3 Endwall Stiffness Calculations >
3.4 Eave Load
The eave load, Pi, used in this analysis is the resultant lateral load from the controlling
combination of design loads acting over the tributary area of the eave, and is applied as a
concentrated load at the eave of each frame. The eave load is calculated by using either Frame-
Base Fixity Factors or Plane-Frame Structural Analysis.
The standard method of fixity factors typically assumes that a post is simply supported with zero
rotational resistance at ground level, or is fully fixed with zero rotation at ground level. Most
often neither of these assumptions is completely accurate. In the case of a non-constrained post
foundation, the top horizontal support of the foundation system is located a distance below
ground level. This means that there are some lateral and rotational deflections at the ground line.

As a result, the standard 0.375 fixity factor for a rigidly supported column is a rough
approximation. Assuming a pinned base condition for the post yields a higher eave load and is
conservative for the diaphragm design; conversely, assuming a perfectly fixed base condition
yields a lower eave load and is conservative for the post design. We have chosen to use a fixity
factor of 0.42 which is a little more toward fixed than pinned.
It was found that the wall wind loads without the roof wind loads (ASCE 7-05, Fig 6-10, Note
#6) control the eave load calculation.
Eave Load Calculation by Frame Base Fixity Factors:
Pi  shr q wr  q lr   hw f q ww  q lw 
f pin  0.5
f fixed  0.375
f new  0.42
Pi  8 ft 10.5 ft 0 psf  0 psf   16 ft 0.42 7.6 psf  2.4 psf   538lbs
Link to Part 2 Section 3.4 Eave Load Calculations >
3.5 DAFI Inputs
DAFI (Diaphragm and Frame Interaction) is a computer program for calculating the distribution
of horizontal loads among the individual post-frames and roof diaphragm sections of a building.
It can be used to analyze diaphragm action in buildings in which bay spacings vary, the stiffness
of individual post-frames differ, endwalls are not assumed infinitely rigid, and/or the stiffness of
individual diaphragms are not the same. A Windows version of this program is available as a
free download from the National Frame Building Association website (nfba.org). It allows data
to be entered using a special screen editor. The data can be saved to and later recalled from an
input data file. For the example building and design loads, the DAFI inputs are:
Number of Bays = 15
Roof Diaphragm Shear Stiffness = 39683 lbf/in
Endwall 1 Shear Stiffness = 17117 lbf/in
Endwall 2 Shear Stiffness = 13693 lbf/in
Interior Frame Stiffness = 133.3 lbf/in
Eave Load on an Interior Frame = 538 lbf
Input this information in the DAFI ‘Default Values’ screen. Use the shear stiffness for
Endwall 1 as the default value and then adjust the shear stiffness for Endwall 2 within
the ‘Specific Values’ table.

DAFI Input Screen
Bay Number Diaphragm Stiffness Frame Number Frame Stiffness Eave Load
1 39683 1 17117 269
2 39683 2 133.3 538
3 39683 3 133.3 538
4 39683 4 133.3 538
5 39683 5 133.3 538
6 39683 6 133.3 538
7 39683 7 133.3 538
8 39683 8 133.3 538
9 39683 9 133.3 538
10 39683 10 133.3 538
11 39683 11 133.3 538
12 39683 12 133.3 538
13 39683 13 133.3 538
14 39683 14 133.3 538
15 39683 15 133.3 538
16 13693 269
3.6 DAFI Outputs
The DAFI outputs are found on the ‘Frame Analysis’ and Diaphragm Analysis’ tabs in
the program. These tables are shown here and interpreted in the next section.
Frame Frame Applied Horizontal Load Resisted by Fraction of Applied

Number Stiffness Load Displacement Frame Load
1 17117 269 0.22 3700.7 13.757
2 133.3 538 0.30 40.4 0.075
3 133.3 538 0.38 50.2 0.093
4 133.3 538 0.44 58.4 0.109
5 133.3 538 0.49 65.0 0.121
6 133.3 538 0.53 70.0 0.130
7 133.3 538 0.55 73.5 0.137
8 133.3 538 0.57 75.4 0.140
9 133.3 538 0.57 75.7 0.141
10 133.3 538 0.56 74.5 0.138
11 133.3 538 0.54 71.7 0.133
12 133.3 538 0.51 67.4 0.125
13 133.3 538 0.46 61.4 0.114
14 133.3 538 0.40 53.9 0.100
15 133.3 538 0.34 44.8 0.083
16 13693 269 0.25 3487.0 12.963

Diaphragm Number Diaphragm Stiffness Shear Displacement Shear Load
1 39683 0.0864781 3431.71
2 39683 0.0739374 2934.06
3 39683 0.0616451 2446.26
4 39683 0.0495598 1966.68
5 39683 0.037641 1493.71
6 39683 0.0258487 1025.75
7 39683 0.0141432 561.24
8 39683 0.0024851 98.62
9 39683 0.0091645 363.68
10 39683 0.020845 827.19
11 39683 0.0325954 1293.48
12 39683 0.0444554 1764.12
13 39683 0.0564647 2240.69
14 39683 0.0686637 2724.78
15 39683 0.0810933 3218.02
3.7 Interpretation of DAFI Outputs
From the DAFI Frame Analysis screen, frame 9 is the most highly loaded frame. Frame 9 carries
76 lbs (Figure 3C), or 14% of the applied eave load. The horizontal deflection at the eave of
frame 9 is 0.57 inches.
Figure 3C. FBD of Frame 9

Thus, the restraining force, Q, provided by the diaphragm is 538 lbs – 76 lbs = 462 lbs (Figure
3D).
Figure 3D. FBD of Frame 9 with Restraining force Q
From the DAFI Diaphragm Analysis screen, diaphragm 1 has the highest shear load. This shear load
of 3432 pounds plus the eave load of 269 pounds (shown on the Specific Values tab in DAFI) makes up
the total load resisted by Endwall 1 (DAFI Frame 1). Similarly, the total load resisted by Endwall 2
(3487 lbs) is the sum of the applicable shear load (3218 lbs) and eave load (269 lbs) from the DAFI
analysis.
Total Load Resisted by Endwall 1 = 3701 lbs (DAFI Frame 1)

Total Load Resisted by Endwall 2 = 3487 lbs (DAFI Frame 16)
Maximum Horizontal Diaphragm Shear = 3432 lbs (Shear in DAFI Diaphragm 1)
3.8 Endwall Shear Strength Check (Wind Acting Perpendicular to Ridge)
The endwalls are sheathed inside and out with structural steel panels and the allowable shear
strength, va, is 110 lb/ft for each layer, 220 lb/ft total. These steel panels are the primary
component of the lateral force resisting system for this building. The panels are fastened to 2x4
girts with #10x1" screws 6" o/c at edges and 12" o/c at all intermediate framing. Though the
testing was done with purlins placed on edge, it is a reasonable assumption that the purlins with
flat orientation will yield equal or better results.
The shear load in the each endwall is resisted by the two layers of structural steel panels and the
wood columns in the endwall. The amount of load carried by each component can be calculated
according to the stiffness of each component. It was found that the exterior and interior panels
each carry 48% of the load and the wood columns carry 4%. The calculations in Part 2 show that

each layer of Endwall 1 carries a unit shear of 30 lb/ft for a total of 60 lb/ft, and each layer of
Endwall 2 carries a unit shear of 35 lb/ft for a total of 70 lb/ft.
The unit shear load for Endwall 1 is 60 lb/ft:
60 lb/ft < 220 lb/ft  OK
The unit shear load for Endwall 2 is 70 lb/ft:
The shear strength of the steel panels is sufficient, no additional wood or metal strap
bracing is required.
Link to Part 2 Section 3.8 Endwall Shear Strength Calculations >
3.9 Sidewall Shear Strength Check (Wind Acting Parallel to Ridge)
The construction of the sidewall is identical to that of the endwall. Thus, the shear strength of the
sidewall is the same as the endwall, 220 lb/ft. The controlling load combination for wind loads
parallel to ridge is D+W, where windward and leeward pressures are applied to the tributary area
of the endwall. For simplicity, the columns are assumed to be fully rigid at ground level with a
fixity factor of 3/8. This means that 5/8 of the wind pressure on the endwalls will be taken
directly into the foundation by the columns. The sidewall shear forces are based upon wind
acting parallel with the ridge and the shear load on the sidewall is calculated by using 3/8 of the
wall height plus the roof gable. The sidewall shear equals 51 lb/ft:
Typically the endwalls in a post-frame building are the controlling shear walls. There are cases,
however, when sidewalls are the critical shear walls, especially in wide buildings that are short in
length. In those situations a more thorough analysis is required, in which a roof and sidewall
stiffness and possibly torsional effects on the overall building envelope are considered. An
analytical model of each column height with proper base conditions may also be required to
calculate loads on the diaphragm more accurately.
Link to Part 2 Section 3.9 Sidewall Shear Strength Calculations >

3.10 Roof Diaphragm Shear Strength Check
The roof and ceiling are also sheathed with structural steel panels. The panels are fastened to
2x4 purlins with #10x1" screws 6" o/c at edges and 12" o/c at all intermediate framing. The
shear load in the diaphragm is resisted by the one layer of structural steel panels on the sloping
roof plane, and one layer on the flat ceiling plane. The amount of load carried by each
component can be calculated according to the stiffness of each component as shown below. It
was found that the roof and ceiling diaphragms each carry 50% of the load.
Load ratio to each diaphragm, p = ch,i/Ch

Load ratio to roof diaphragm, proof = (ch,1 + ch,2)/Ch =19,973/39,683 =0.503
Load ratio to ceiling diaphragm, pceiling = ch,3/Ch =19,710/39,683 =0.497
The maximum unit shear load for roof or ceiling panels is 24 lb/ft:
Link to Part 2 Section 3.10 Roof Diaphragm Shear Strength Calculations >
3.11 Roof Diaphragm Chord Forces
The roof diaphragm acts like a deep beam where the ends of the beam are assumed to be fixed.
The diaphragm of this building consists of two individual roof diaphragms, one on each side of
the ridge, and one ceiling diaphragm. The bending forces in each diaphragm are resisted by roof
purlins and ceiling joists. Because only the edge purlins and ceiling joists are fastened together
in this building to provide continuous tensile resistance to tension chord forces, it is
conservatively assumed that the intermediate purlins and ceiling joists provide zero contribution
to the diaphragm bending resistance (Design equations for inclusion of all purlins are provided in
the PFBDM.). The individual (sixteen ft long typical) edge purlin members are fastened together
at splices with a single HTP37Z Simpson plate fastened to the side with 10dx1-1/2 nails
(tabulated capacity = 1600 lbs); the ceiling joists are spliced together with a single MSTA21
Simpson strap, fastened to the bottom edge with 10dx3" nails (tabulated capacity = 1505). The
design eave load (67.3 lbs/ft) is applied to the diaphragm at the eave, and redistributed to
individual diaphragms according to their stiffness. It was found that the individual roof
diaphragms each take 25% of the load, and the ceiling diaphragm carries the remaining 50%.
For simplicity, the load resistance contribution of the frame is ignored. Using these assumptions
the maximum chord force in the edge purlins of each diaphragm panel are:

Maximum chord force in each roof diaphragm is 535 lbs:
535 lbs < 1600 lbs  OK
Maximum chord force in ceiling diaphragm is 557 lbs:
557 lbs < 1505 lbs  OK
It should be noted that typical roof diaphragm deflection consists of bending deflection, shear
deflection of sheathing panel, deflection due to nail slip, and deflection due to slip in chord
connection splices. Because the diaphragm stiffness in this example is based on a sample test, it
can be assumed that all of these deflection contributors, with exception of the deflection due to
slip in chord connection splices, are accounted for. It is further assumed that the deflection due
to slip in chord connection splices is minimal and is an insignificant contributor to the overall
diaphragm deflection.
Link to Part 2 Section 3.11 Roof Diaphragm Chord Force Calculations >

Section 4: Post Design
Figure 4A shows the structural analog of the post-frame consisting of the truss, a windward
column and a leeward column. The post to soil interface is modeled with a pin and a roller, and
all the loads are shown including the horizontal restraining force, Q = 462 lbs (From Section
3.7). The loads shown in Figure 4A are individual load cases which will be used in the ASCE 7-
05 load combinations. Wind loading on the roof is not shown because, in this example building,
it tends reduce the total lateral shear load. Visual Analysis 7.0 by IES, Inc. was used for the
column design.
From the Visual Analysis output, we are able to determine that a 3 ply 2x8 #1 SYP nail-
laminated (nail-lam) post is adequate for the applied loads (See Visual Analysis Report in Part 2
Appendix A). All applicable load combinations from ASCE 7-05 for combined axial and
bending stresses were checked, the controlling combination was D + 0.75(S+W), and combined
stress index (unity check) was 0.5. Nail-lam posts were chosen because they are pressure
preservative treated only at the embedded end, they can be easily notched at the top for a good
truss connection, and they are readily available in 3 ply 2x6, 3 ply 2x8, 4 ply 2x6 and 4 ply 2x8
sizes. The post design values (Fb = 1725 psi, Fc = 1650 psi, E = 1.7E6 psi, bxd = 4.31 x 7.19 in2,
SX = 37.11 in3, and IX = 133.36 in4) used in this design assume that the splice between the treated
and untreated plies is made with a structural finger joint (certified by a third party inspection
agency). If nail-lam columns with butt joints at the splice are used, they should be designed as
per ANSI/ASAE EP 559 using reduced strength and stiffness in the butt-spliced joint region.
The maximum post moment, Ma, maximum post shear, Vmax, and ground line shear, Va, from the
Visual Analysis computer program are:
Mmax = 1850 lb-ft

Vmax = 602 lbs
Va =602 lbs
Post unity check = 0.5:
0.5 < 1.0  OK
Link to Part 2 Appendix Section A.2 Post Design Calculations >

Figure 4A. Structural analog of post-frame with non-constrained foundation
Deflection Results
The maximum horizontal displacement from the DAFI output is 0.57 inches at frame 9.
Allowable displacement as per Table 1604.3 from IBC 2009 is L/120 or 1.6 inches for a 16 ft.
high wall with flexible finishes.
Post deflection = 0.57 inches:
0.57 in < 1.6 in  OK

Section 5: Post Foundation Design
The post foundation is designed as a non-constrained post with a partial concrete collar located at
the bottom of the post. The post foundation depth calculation is iterative in that the designer
must assume a depth and check the outcome using design equations. We will assume 4 ft.
embedment below grade and a 24 inch high concrete collar attached to the post at the bottom
(Figure 5A). Please note, a collar that is less than 24 inches high is often satisfactory and may be
so for this example. The axial, shear and moment reactions on the foundation are imposed from
the column at ground level. The allowable lateral bearing soil pressure, S', is assumed to be 200
psf/ft of depth, and the initial allowable vertical bearing soil pressure is assumed to be 2000 psf
(ANSI/ASAE EP486.1, Table 1 for sandy gravel and/or gravel (GW and GP) soils). The
governing design equations for lateral design of the non-constrained case with a concrete collar
at the bottom are from Section 6.5.2 in ANSI/ ASAE EP 486. The adjusted allowable vertical
soil pressures along with controlling load combinations for gravity, lateral and uplift loads, and
other calculations are provided in Part 2 Appendix B.
Figure 5A. Post Foundation Sketch
Link to Part 2 Appendix B Post Foundation Design Calculations >
Post Foundation Footing Design
Af = Maximum post gravity load/Soil bearing resistance

From Table 1, ANSI/ ASAE EP 486.1 and Footnote 4,
Soil bearing resistance = 2000[1 + 0.2(ftg depth ft - 1ft) + 0.2(ftg width ft - 1ft)]
= 2000[1 + 0.2(4.67ft - 1ft) + 0.2(2ft - 1ft)] = 3868 psf

Af =post reaction / soil bearing resistance = 9872/3868 = 2.55 ft2
Df = [4Af/π]1/2 = 1.8 ft
Use a 2 ft. diameter footing pad
Sa = Actual vertical soil pressure = 3142 psf
3142 psf < 3868 psf  OK
Post Foundation Design for Lateral Load Resistance
The lateral design criteria for shear and moment resistance, from ANSI/ASAE EP 486, Section
6.5.2 are, respectively,
Va  Vr = S΄b/2(2d3/d0 – 3d2) + S΄(w-b)/2[2(d3-d13)/d0 – 3(d2 –d12)]
Vad + Ma  Mr = -S΄b/4(d4/d0-2d3) - S΄(w-b)/4{[d4-3dd13+3d14]/d0 -2d3- 6dd12 + 4d13}
where d = minimum post embedment depth (ft)

tc = collar dimension in vertical direction = 2.0 ft.
w= collar dimension in horizontal direction = 2 ft.
d0 = depth to rotation axis (>0.67d when Va=0;>0.75d when Ma=0;
(Sections 6.5 and 6.5.2, ANSI/ASABE EP 486)
d1 = distance from ground surface to top of collar (d – tc = d – 2.0)
b= 1.41(B) = 1.41(4.31/12) = 0.51 ft.
(Section 7.7.1, ANSI/ASABE EP 486)
B = post dimension bearing on soil = 4.5 in.
Ma = post frame ground line moment from PF analysis = 1,850 lb-ft.
Va = post-frame ground line shear from PF analysis = 602 lbs.
S′ = allowable lateral soil bearing strength, including increases, psf
Mr = resisting moment of the soil profile (lb-ft).
Vr = resisting shear of the soil profile (lbs).
Allowable Lateral Soil Bearing Strength Calculation
From (ASAE EP 486, Table 1; Sections 4.2.2.1 and 4.2.2.2)
S′ = S(Isolated post factor)(Short duration load factor)
S′ = 200(Isolated post foundation factor)(Short term load factor)

Isolated post foundation factor = 2
Short term load factor = 1.33
S′ = 200(2)(1.33) = 532 psf

S′ = 200 psf is conservatively used in this case because this is a design
example that may be applied to many different buildings in many different
locations. The designer need not be hesitant to use the increases to
allowable lateral soil strength for actual designs.
Check both equations for an embedment depth of 4.0 ft to see if it provides adequate lateral load
resistance:
Va  Vr
602  200(0.51)/2{2(4.0)3/[(0.68)(4.0)] – 3(4.0)2}
+ 200(2.0 – 0.51)/2{2(4.03 – 23)/[0.68(4.0)] – 3(4.02 – 22)} = 723 lbs
Vad + Ma  Mr
602(4.0) + 1850 =4258  = -[200(0.51)/4]{4.04/[(0.68)(4.0)] – 2(4.03)} - [200(2.0
-0.51)/4]{[4.04 – 3(4.0)(2.03) + 3(2.04)]/[0.68(4.0)] –
2(4.03) - 6(4.0)(2.02) + 4(2.03)} = 9471
 4 ft post embedment OK
The required embedment depth is the larger of the required depths from both the shear and
moment criterion. Both design equations require an iterative solution. These iterative
calculations, performed in a spreadsheet shown in Part 2 Appendix B, show that an embedment
depth of 3.27 ft provides adequate lateral load resistance. We will keep the embedment depth of
4 ft because it is widely accepted in the industry. The designer could decide to use a more
shallow embedment depth provided the lateral load criterion is satisfied and minimum frost
depth conditions for the building site are met.
Post Foundation Design for Uplift Resistance
The uplift design criterion is:
U ≥ Truss Uplift Reaction = Calculated Uplift
Calculated Uplift = 1153 lbf
Soil Properties (ANSI/ASAE EP 486, Table 1; PFBDM, Table 8-1)

Angle of internal friction: φ = 26◦
Soil density: ws = 105 pcf
Concrete density: wc = 150 pcf
U = g(MF + wsVs)

MF = Mcollar: mass of foundation elements attached to the post
Mcollar = [(πw2/4)(tc) – (Ap)(tc)](wc)

= [π(2)2(2)/4 – (4.31)(7.19)/144(2)](150) = 878 lbm
Vs: mass of truncated cone of soil above the attached collar
Vs = πdT[r2 + dTrtanΦ + dT2tan2Φ/3] – dTAp (PFBDM Section 8.9.4)
dT = distance from ground surface to top of collar or footing, ft

r = radius of collar or footing, ft
Φ = angle of internal friction of soil
Ap = post/pier cross-sectional area, ft2
Substituting terms into the equation (Tan 26 = 0.49; Ap = .310 ft2)
Vs = π(2)[(1)2 + 2(1)(0.49) +(2)2(0.49)2/3] - (.310)(2)

Vs = 6.283(2.3) – 0.62
Vs = 13.83 ft3
Substituting in to the equation for U: U = (1)[878 + 13.83(105)] = 2330 lbf
1153 lbs < 2330 lbs  4 ft post embedment OK
Link to Part 2 Appendix B Post Foundation Design Calculations >
Use an 8 in. x 24 in. diameter footing with a 24 in. high x 24 in. diameter concrete collar and 4
ft. post embedment.

Section 6: Purlin & Girt Design
6.1 Purlin Design
Purlins are positioned on edge on top of top chord of truss and typically span over two spans for
the total length of 16 ft. Due to the sloping roof, the gravity loads are not aligned with the strong
axis of the purlin. At the same time, the purlin can only move about its strong axis as the
movement about the weak axis is restricted by the attached rigid roof panels. Thus, the gravity
loads on the purlin should be broken down into strong axis and weak axis components, or 'y' and
'x' components on the sloping coordinate system. Purlins must be designed for three wind load
areas: interior purlins, edge purlins, and corner purlins. The design calculations are provided in
Part 2 Appendix C.
2x4 #2 S. Pine on edge @ 24" on center except 16" on center in unbalanced snow area 10.5 ft.
each side of ridge.
Link to Part 2 Appendix C Purlin and Girt Design Calculations >
The maximum CSI value for the interior purlins is 0.97 for 2x4 purlins spaced 16 inches on
center for the D + Sunbalanced load combination. The maximum CSI value for the edge and corner
purlins spaced 24 inches on center for the load combinations with dead and wind loading is 0.44.
6.2 Girt Design
Girts must be designed for two wind load areas: interior girts and edge girts. All analyses assume
the purlins are loaded flatwise and are spaced 24 inches on center. The calculations show that
No. 2 SYP 2x4 girts spaced 24 inches on center are satisfactory in all wall sections. The
maximum CSI value for girts located at the edge is 0.83. The design calculations are provided in
Appendix C.
2x4 #2 S. Pine flat against posts @ 24" on center continuous over two spans.
Link to Part 2 Appendix C Purlin and Girt Design Calculations >

Section 7: Connection Design
Only connections critical to the lateral force resisting system are included in this section.
Connection details are presented in Section 9: Design Summary. The key connections presented,
in order, and identified in Figure 7A are:
7.1 Truss-to-Post Connection – Vertical shear due to truss uplift

7.2 Truss-to-Post Connection – Horizontal shear due to post top end reactions
7.3 Truss-to-Glulam Header Connection – Truss uplift
7.4 Endwall Ceiling Ledger -to- Post Connection – Shear between ceiling diaphragm
and end shear wall
7.5 Skirt Board-to-Post Connection – Shear between shear wall and posts at grade level
7.6 Purlin-to-Purlin at Splice Connection – Tension load at diaphragm tension chords
7.7 Ceiling Joist-to-Ceiling Joist at Splice Connection – Tension load at diaphragm
tension chords
7.8 Post-to-Concrete Collar Connection – Vertical shear due to post uplift
Figure 7A. Critical connection locations

7.1 Truss -to-Post Connection (Vertical)
Trusses are placed in a pocket created by notching the center lamination at top of post. The
exterior laminations are then extended to the top of top chord of truss, and fastened to truss with
(5) 16d common wire nails on each side. This connection is designed to resist vertical and
horizontal shear loads. The vertical shear load, or load from truss uplift, can be calculated using
tributary areas and roof wind pressures, or can be provided by a truss designer. In this example
the uplift loads are calculated using tributary areas and wind pressures.
Link to Part 2 Appendix D Page 2 of 8 >
7.2 Truss -to-Post Connection (Horizontal)
The horizontal shear load at top of post can be approximated using tributary area and wind
pressures, which is a product of (fixity factor)(column height)(column spacing)(controlling wind
pressure), assuming that the column is pinned or fixed at bottom (grade level) and has a
horizontal roller support at top. The fixity factor is 0.5 for a pinned base and 0.375 for a fixed
base. For non-constrained columns that fall between fixed and pinned, see discussion in Section
3.4. A more accurate horizontal shear load can be determined by modeling the critical frame, the
frame closest to the more rigid endwall, in a computer program, or by using DAFI result outputs.
This example utilizes results from DAFI.
7.3 Truss -to-Glulam Header Connection
The truss is fastened to a glulam header over the 16 ft. sidewall door opening with (2) H10A
Simpson hurricane ties, one tie on each side of beam. The specific gravities of truss and beam
are assumed to be 0.55.

7.4 Endwall Ceiling Ledger -to- Post Connection
The shear load from the roof diaphragm is transferred to the endwall truss and then to wall
sheathing. This load path does not directly rely on the truss to post connection. The shear forces
from the ceiling diaphragm, however, are transferred to the endwall posts first and then to girts
and sheathing. There are 10 posts in endwall 1, the endwall with largest shear loads, to which
the ceiling ledger is fastened. The endwall ceiling ledger is fastened to each post with (4) 16d
nails.
7.5 Skirt Board-to-Post Connection
There is a 2x8 #2 SYP skirt board on the exterior side of the end wall, and a 2x4 #2 SYP bottom
girt on the interior side of the end wall. The skirt board and bottom girt to post connection is the
last connection in the load path of the lateral force resisting system before the lateral loads are
transferred to the ground. The skirt board and the bottom girt are fastened to each post with (4)
16d galvanized common wire nails.
7.6 Edge Purlin-to-Purlin at Splice and to Endwall Truss Connection
The edge purlins serve as tension and compression chords of the roof diaphragm. In order to
provide continuity in tensile resistance in the tension chord of the diaphragm, the purlins must be
fastened together at each splice. In this design an HTP37Z Simpson strap is used at each purlin
splice (the designer may choose to try a 2x4 splice block with nailed connection as an
alternative). The edge purlin must also be fastened to the endwall truss to transfer loads into
sidewall sheathing. To accommodate this connection, a 2x8x10 inch wood block is attached to
truss and purlin as shown in the Connection Detail (Edge Purlin to Truss Connection) in Section
9 (the designer may choose to use a Simpson hanger or strap as an alternative). To provide
adequate withdrawal capacity, the block is attached to truss with (8) #8x3" wood screws, four (4)
screws at top of top chord of truss and four (4) screws at bottom of top chord. The purlin is
fastened to the block with (5) 16d nails. This connection must be at all edge purlins for each roof
diaphragm; there are the total of four (4) purlins and eight (8) such connections in the building.

7.7 Edge Ceiling Joist-to-Ceiling Joist at Splice and to Corner Post Connection
The edge ceiling joists serve as tension and compression chords of the ceiling diaphragm. In
order to provide continuity in tensile resistance in the tension chord of the diaphragm, the edge
ceiling joists must be fastened together at each splice. In this design an MSTA21 Simpson strap
is used at each purlin splice. The edge ceiling joists must also be fastened to corner posts to
transfer loads into sidewall sheathing. This connection is made with (6) 16d nails.
7.8 Post-to-Concrete Collar Connection
Each post is connected below grade to a concrete collar (backfill) with (1) #4 x 16 inch hot
dipped galvanized rebar. This connection is checked using the provisions of the 2005 National
Design Specification for Wood Construction (NDS) by AF&PA for a 1/2 inch diameter bolt in
high moisture conditions.
Link to Part 2 Section 7.8 >
The design loads for each of cases 7.1 to 7.8 are given in the immediately following table. These
design loads are taken from the load calculations in Section 2 and the diaphragm analysis results
in Section 3.
Maximum Uplift/ Maximum

Case Withdrawal Load Lateral/Shear Comments
(lb) Load (lb)
7.1 & Uplift calculated from Atrib of the connection,
2139 387
7.2 Lateral calculated from diaphragm analysis.
Uplift calculated from Atrib of the connection,
7.3 2139 387
Lateral calculated from diaphragm analysis.
7.4 NA 1704 Lateral calculated from diaphragm analysis
7.5 NA 1776 Lateral calculated from shearwall analysis
7.6 NA 535 Lateral calculated from diaphragm chord anal.
7.7 NA 557 Lateral calculated from diaphragm chord anal.
7.8 1153 NA Uplift calculated from Atrib of the connection

The following table summarizes the schedule of fasteners for each case. The connection details
are presented in Section 9: Design Summary.
Case Fastener Schedule Descriptor

7.1 &
10-16d common nails Truss-to-Post Connection
7.2
(2) H10A Hangers-Simpson Truss-to-Glulam Beam
7.3
Strong-Tie Connection
2x6 Endwall Ceiling Ledger- to-
7.4 4-16d common nails
Post Connection
2x8 Endwall Skirt Board- to-
7.5 4-16d galvanized nails
Post Connection
Purlin- to-Purlin at Splice – Edge
7.6a (1) HTP37Z Simpson strap
Purlins Only at Eave and Ridge
1-60d R.S. nail into truss & Purlin-to-Endwall Truss
7.6b 5-16d common nails into Connection – Edge Purlins Only
block at Eave and Ridge
Ceiling Joist-to-Ceiling Joist at
7.7a (1) MSTA21 Simpson strap Splice Connection – Edges
Ceiling Joists Only
Ceiling Joist-to-Corner Post
6-16d common nails into
7.7b Connection – Edges Ceiling
corner post
Joists Only
Post-to-Concrete Collar
7.8 1-No. 4 x 16 in. rebar
Connection - Uplift
This design example is focused on resistance to lateral loads and the connections related to these
loads only; however, some other important connections that should be addressed in a complete
building design include:
 Girt-to-Post Connection – Withdrawal due to wind suction

 Wall Sheathing-to-Girt Connection – Withdrawal due to wind suction
 Purlin-to-Truss Connection – Withdrawal (uplift) due to wind suction
 Roof Sheathing-to-Purlin Connection – Withdrawal (uplift) due to wind suction
 Overhead Door Headers -to-Post Connection – Vertical and horizontal shear

Section 8: Truss Bracing Details
Permanent truss bracing details must be specified for the following:
1. Bottom chord continuous lateral restraint

2. Web member restraint
3. X-bracing
4. Corner Bracing
Guidelines for handling, bracing and installing metal plate connected wood trusses are contained
in the Building Component Safety Information (BCSI) booklet published jointly by TPI and
WTCA. Also work is currently underway on a new ANSI/TPI 3 standard dealing with
temporary and permanent bracing of metal plate connected wood trusses.
8.1 Bottom Chord Lateral Restraint and Web Member Restraint
The bottom chord continuous lateral restraint and web member restraint are specified on the truss
manufacturer’s design drawing. Figure 8A is the truss design drawing for this building and it
shows six webs, designated by bolder lines, which are to receive T-brace reinforcement. T-brace
reinforcement is being used here as opposed to continuous web lateral restraints because of the
wide spacing of the trusses. The truss drawing also indicates that the bottom chord lateral
restraints are to be spaced no more than 10 ft. on center unless a rigid ceiling is directly applied.
In this example building, there is a ceiling constructed with steel panels. However, we have
elected to keep the bottom chord lateral restraints in the design since they will likely already
have been installed as part of the temporary bracing scheme. L-Reinforcement is used with the
lateral restraints based upon Table 2 of BCSI – B10 Post Frame Truss Installation, Restraint and
Bracing.
8.2 X-Bracing
Truss members that are braced with continuous lateral restraints can all buckle in the same
direction if sufficient diagonal or X-bracing is not provided. The main purpose of the diagonal
bracing is to create a triangle with the continuous lateral restraints and direct axial forces into the
sidewalls. This type of bracing is considered part of the permanent building stability bracing
scheme and is not shown on the truss design drawing.
X-bracing is used at each bottom chord lateral restraint to brace it off to the roof and ceiling
planes. This is designed to resist a force in the lateral restraint equal to 5% of the max
compression force in the bottom chord times the number of trusses between brace locations
divided by the number of lateral restraints. The ceiling was ignored in this calculation.
Lateral Restraint Force, LRF = [0.05(Cmax)(No. Trusses)]/(No. Restraints)
= [0.05(858)(7)]/6 = 50 lbs

X-bracing is also used as sway bracing between the roof diaphragm and ceiling diaphragm. The
intent is to prevent truss “rollover” or rotation as the roof and ceiling diaphragms are resisting
wind load from any direction. Currently, the specification of sway bracing is a matter of
engineering judgment as there is no published design reference that contains specific guidance or
recommendations for this type of bracing.
8.3 Bottom Chord Diagonal Bracing
Bottom chord diagonal bracing has not been used in this plan. The ceiling diaphragm serves to
distribute wind and bracing loads to the bearing walls, and the X-bracing diagonally braces the
lateral restraints. Therefore, bottom chord diagonals are not needed. If the building had no
ceiling, bottom chord diagonal bracing would have been used to help distribute loads from the X-
bracing to the bearing walls.
Corner bracing is used on the bottom side of the top chord at each corner of the building.
8.4 Truss Design
Truss design is usually conducted by the truss manufacturer using the provisions of ANSI/TPI 1,
“National Design Standard for Metal Plate Connected Wood Truss Construction” with the top
chord live or snow load, the top chord dead load, the bottom chord live load, and the bottom
chord dead load specified by the building designer. In this design example, the designer would
specify the following loads for the truss design:
 Top chord live load 25 psf

 Top chord dead load 4 psf
 Bottom chord live load 0 psf
 Bottom chord dead load 5 psf
Figure 8B is a truss bracing plan for the roof system. The blue lines show the bottom chord
continuous lateral restraint running continuously from endwall to endwall. The green lines show
the corner bracing, and the cyan lines show the X bracing.
Figure 8C is Cross Section A/1 taken at the location indicated on the Truss Bracing Plan. The
roof and ceiling diaphragms are shown on this figure and the truss webs that receive a T-brace
and/or an X-brace. The bottom chord continuous lateral restraint is also identified.
Figure 8D shows how the X bracing should be applied when running across 3 trusses, while
Figure 8E shows an X brace detail across 2 trusses.
Figure 8F is an end lap detail for the lateral restraints.
Figure 8G details the connection of T-Reinforcement to a truss web and L-Reinforcement to a

lateral restraint.

Figure 8A. Truss Design Drawing by Lumber Specialties, Dyersville, IA
Figure 8B. Truss Bracing Plan

Figure 8C. Cross Section

Figure 8D. X Brace Across 3 Trusses
Figure 8E. X Brace Across 2 Trusses

Figure 8F. End Lap Detail
Figure 8G. Reinforcement Details

Section 9: Design Summary
The post-frame design is summarized in the following series of design drawings by Timber Tech
Engineering, Inc.

NFBA Design Tool for Design of Post-Frame Building Systems
PART 2: L ATERAL DESI GN OF A 72'X120'X16' POST-FRAM E BUI L DI NG

COM PREHENSI VE CAL CUL ATI ON PACK AGE
NOTE: This design example is divided into two parts. Part 1 is written as a teaching tool for designers not familiar with post-frame
building design in that it explains each step of the lateral design process for a post-frame building and summarizes the results of the
calculations. Part 2 is a comprehensive calculation package that gives the background design calculations for each step and is a
much longer document. Both Part 1 and Part 2 can be used as stand alone documents.
TABL E OF CONTENTS
SECTION PAGE
▪ SECTION 1: BUILDING DESCRIPTION 3
▪ SECTION 2: ASCE 7-05 LOADING CALCULATIONS 6
▪ SECTION 3: DIAPHRAGM DESIGN 10
▪ SECTION 4: POST DESIGN 19
▪ SECTION 5: FOUNDATION DESIGN 20
▪ SECTION 6: CONNECTIONS 21
▪ SECTION 7: PURLIN AND GIRT DESIGN 27
▪ SECTION 8: OTHER DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS 28
APPENDIX APPENDIX PAGE
▪ APPENDIX A
A1: FRAME STIFFNESS 2
A2: EAVE LOAD 3
A3: POST DESIGN 4
▪ APPENDIX B: FOUNDATION DESIGN 1
▪ APPENDIX C: DESIGN OF CRITICAL CONNECTIONS 1
▪ APPENDIX D
PURLIN DESIGIN 2
GIRT DESIGN 9
▪ APPENDIX E: DIAPHRAGM DESIGN WITH MINIMUM 10 PSF WIND REQUIREMENT

ASCE 7-05 LOADING 2
DIAPHRAGM DESIGN 5
CONNECTIONS 11
NOTE: ASCE 7-05 Section 6.1.4.1 requires the main wind force resisting system (MWFRS) be
designed for a horizontal wind pressure of 10 psf multiplied by the area of the building projected onto a
vertical plane normal to the assumed wind direction. The MWFRS for this building is the roof
diaphragm, shearwalls and post-frame. The 10 psf minimum wind load requirement controls the design
of the MWFRS for this building as shown in section 2.5.4 of this report. However, individual building
components are controlled by wind pressures derived from coefficients. This design example is a
detailed look at the lateral design of a post-frame building using wind pressures and suctions from
coefficients, and Appendix E is included to show that the MWFRS is adequate for the 10 psf minimum
wind load requirement.
Section 1: Building Descr iption
This is a design example in which a 72' wide x 120' long x 16' high Post-Frame building's lateral force resisting system is analyzed
and designed for wind and seismic loading. The building is located in Dane County, Wisconsin where, surrounded by closely spaced
wind obstructions, it qualifies for surface roughness category B as defined in ASCE 7-05. This commercial building is comprised of
the following structural members:
Str uctur al Component Descr iption Spacing

3-ply 2x8 nail laminated column with structural
finger joints; posts are embedded into ground;
Sidewall Posts 8 ft o/c
bottom treated for direct ground contact, top
notched to accept truss
3-ply 2x8 nail laminated column with structural
Endwall Posts finger joints; posts are embedded into ground; 8 ft o/c
bottom treated for direct ground contact
24"Ø x 8" concrete footing with 24"Ø

Foundation concrete collar poured around post, (1) #4x16" 8 ft o/c
long rebar thru post at 8" above top of footing
2x4 #2 SYP, each continuous over 2 spans,

Wall Girts 24 in o/c
fastened to side of post with (2) 16d nails
24 in o/c and 16
2x4 #2 SYP, on edge, fastened to truss with (1) in o/c in
Roof Purlins
60d R.S. nail and (2) 16d toenails, each unbalanced
snow area
Metal plate connected wood trusses, 3.5/12 pitch

Roof Trusses top chord, 0/12 pitch bottom chord, attached to 8 ft o/c
post directly
29 gage Grandrib 3 metal sheathing by Fabral,

fasten to girts/purlins with #10x1" screws as per
Roof/ Wall Sheathing n/a
manufacturer's recommendations, no stitch
screws
There are (4) 36"x60" windows equally spaced on one endwall and (1) 24'Wx14'H overhead door on opposite endwall; there are (2)
36"x60" windows and (2) 16'Wx14'H overhead doors and (1) 36"x80" man door in rear sidewall and (2) 36"x80" man doors and (2)
16'Wx14'H overhead doors in front sidewall. The exterior walls and roof are sheathed with Grandrib 3, 29 gage structural metal
sheathing manufactured by Fabral. On the interior, the walls and ceiling are also sheathed with Grandrib 3, 29 gage structural metal
sheathing by Fabral (see Figure 3A and 3B for panel profile and fastener pattern, test panel size and configuration, and in-plane shear
strength and stiffness data). The ceiling is framed with 2x4 #2 SYP ceiling joists 24" o/c in between the trusses. The ceiling
sheathing and roof sheathing have the same orientation. The building is heated and insulated with R-19 insulation in walls and R-30
insulation in the ceiling. There is a 12" roof overhang on the gable ends and 24" overhang on the sidewalls.
Section 2: ASCE 7-05 L oad Calculations
The wind load calculations, including main wind force resisting system (MWFRS) and components and cladding (C& C) loads, are
presented first; followed by dead, live and snow load calculations. Seismic loading is then calculated and compared to wind to see
which controls the lateral design for strength and deflection. This section concludes with allowable lateral deflection criterion and
controlling load combinations for various components.
2.1 Wind Design M ethod 2 - Analytical Pr ocedur e - L ow-Rise Building (ASCE 7-05, 6.5, 6.5.12.2.2)
Building I nputs: Calculation I nputs:
Length Parallel to Ridge, B 120 ft Basic Wind Speed, V 90 mph
Length Normal to Ridge, L 72 ft Topographic Factor, K zt 1.00
Wall Height, z 16 ft
Post Sidewall Spacing, s 8 ft
Post Endwall Spacing, s 8 ft Envelope: Enclosed Building
Building Midheight, h 21.25 ft Wind Directionality Factor 0.85
Roof Pitch (rise per 12 units of run) 3.5 Building Category II
Eave Overhang 2 ft Exposure Category B
Definitions:
Case A - Wind Direction Normal to Roof Ridge, Pressure Coefficients Vary With Roof Angle.
Case B - Wind Direction Parallel to Ridge, Pressure Coefficients are Constant for all Roof Angles.
Interior Zones - Zones 1 - 6 Below
Edge Zones - Zones 1E - 6E Below
I nter mediate Calculations:
Importance Factor, I 1.00 Table 6-1 Calculated Roof Angle 16.3 deg
Nom. Height of Atmospheric Boundary (zg) 1200 Internal Press. Coefficient, Gcpi 0.18 -0.18
Vel. Press. Exp. Coefficient, K z 0.635
3-s Gust Speed Power Law Exponent (α) 7 Velocity Pressure, qh 11.2 psf
2.1.1 M ain Wind For ce Resisting System: ASCE 7-05, Figur e 6-10 Equation: p = qh[(GCpf -(Gcpi )]
Case A Case B
P (psf) P (psf)
Gcpf I* II** III ~ Gcpf I* II** III ~
Zone 1: Windward Side Wall 0.50 3.6 7.6 5.6 0.40 2.5 6.5 4.5
Zone 2: Windward Roof -0.69 -9.7 -5.7 -7.7 -0.69 -9.7 -5.7 -7.7
Zone 3: Leeward Roof -0.45 -7.1 -3.1 -5.1 -0.37 -6.2 -2.1 -4.1
Zone 4: Leeward Side Wall -0.40 -6.4 -2.4 -4.4 -0.29 -5.3 -1.2 -3.2
Zone 5: Gable Wall -0.45 -7.0 -3.0 -5.0
Zone 6: Gable Wall -0.45 -7.0 -3.0 -5.0
Zone 1E: Windward Side Wall Edge 0.75 6.4 10.4 8.4 0.61 4.8 8.8 6.8
Zone 2E: Windward Roof Edge -1.07 -14.0 -10.0 -12.0 -1.07 -14.0 -10.0 -12.0
Zone 3E: Leeward Roof Edge -0.65 -9.3 -5.3 -7.3 -0.53 -7.9 -3.9 -5.9
Zone 4E: Leeward Side Wall Edge -0.59 -8.6 -4.6 -6.6 -0.43 -6.8 -2.8 -4.8
Wind load should not be less than 10 psf on vertical projection. (ASCE 7-05, 6.1.4.1)
Because the structure is less than 30ft high, the torsional cases 1T, 2T, 3T and 4T do not apply. (ASCE 7-05, Fig. 6-10, note 5)
2.1.2 Components and Cladding: ASCE 7-05, Figur e 6-11 Equation: p = qh[(Gcp)-(Gcpi)]
Note: Only negative loads are shown because they are larger than positive and so control the design.
Effective Wind
Component: Wall Girts Component: Roof Purlins
Ar ea: span length 2
multiplied by an Effective Area: 21.33 ft Effective Area: 21.33 ft2
effective width that Zone Gcp P (psf) Zone Gcp P (psf)
need not be less I* II** ~
III I* II** III ~
than one-third the 4: Wall Interior -1.0 -13.7 -9.7 -11.7 1: Roof Interior -0.9 -11.7 -7.6 -9.6
span length. 5: Wall Edge -1.3 -16.4 -12.4 -14.4 2: Roof Edge -1.5 -19.2 -15.2 -17.2
3: Roof Corners -2.4 -28.9 -24.8 -26.8
* Internal Pressure Positive ** Internal Pressure Negative ~ Internal Pressure Zero
Back
2.2 Dead L oad Calculations
2.2.1 Wall Dead L oad 3 psf
2.2.2 Roof Dead L oad TOP CHORD BOTTOM CHORD

Steel Roofing 1 psf surface area Bottom Chord Load 5 psf
Purlins 1.25 psf surface area
Bracing/Hardware 1.5 psf surface area
Total Top Chord 3.75 psf surface area
Top Chord Load On Horizontal Projection 3.91 psf horizontal projection
TOTAL ROOF L OAD 9 psf
2.3 L ive L oad Calculations
2.3.1 Floor L ive L oad
Minimum Floor Live Load = n/a psf (ASCE 7-05, Table 4-1)
2.3.2 M inimum Roof L ive L oad Top Chord 20 psf
Bottom Chord 0 psf
Total (on horizontal projection) 20 psf (ASCE 7-05, Table 4-1)
2.4 Snow L oad Calculations
2.4.1 Flat-Roof Snow L oad, pf Equation: p f = 0.7(C e )(C t )(I )(p g )

Notes
Ground Snow Load, pg: 30 psf Figure 7-1
Exposure Factor, Ce: 1.0 Table 7-2 Partially exposed roof
Thermal Factor, Ct: 1.1 Table 7-3 Heated building
Importance Factor, I: 1.0 Table 7-4
pf 23.1 psf
2.4.2 Sloped-Roof Snow L oad, ps Equation: p s = (C s )(p f )

Notes
Roof Slope Factor, Cs: 1.00 Figure 7-2
ps 23.1 psf
2.4.3 Unbalanced Roof Snow L oad Hip and Gable Roofs

1) Required for Hip and Gable Roofs with a slope less than 70/W + 0.5 and exceeding 70 degrees
2) The unbalanced snow load is applied to the leeward roof and windward roof as indicated
I nputs:
Horizontal Distance Eave to Ridge, W 38 ft
Equations: W ≤20 ft. (ASCE 7-05, Figure 7-5)
▪0 Windward Unbalanced
▪ (pg)(I) Leeward Unbalanced
W > 20 ft
▪ 0.3*ps Windward Unbalanced
▪ ps + hd(γ)/(√(S)) Leeward Unbalanced, the latter extended from the ridge
a distance of [8(√(S))(hd)]/3
Roof Angle = 16.26 degrees hd = 2.13 ft
g = 17.9 pcf S = Roof slope run for a rise of 1 = 3.4286
punbal, leeward = 43.7 psf for a distance of 10.5 ft from the ridge, then 23.1 psf to eaves
punbal, windward = 6.9 psf
Back
2.5 Seismic L oad Calculations
2.5.2 Calculation I nputs:
2.5.1 Building and Site I nputs: Spectral Response Acceleration, S1 0.05
Site Class D Spectral Response Acceleration, SS 0.15
Basic Structural System: Response Modification Factor, R 7
All other structural systems: Height to Highest Level (ft), hn 16
Light-framed walls sheathed w/ steel sheets Weight of Structure (lbs), W 6240
Seismic Design Category: D (ASCE 7-05, 11.6) (9 psf)(72+2 +2 ft)(8 ft)+2(3 psf)(16 ft)(8 ft)
Effective Weight of Structure (lbs), We 5760
(9 psf)(72+2 +2 ft)(8 ft)+2(3 psf)(16 ft)(8 ft)(3/8)
2.5.3 I nter mediate Seismic Calculations 2.5.4 Wind Resolved to Hor izontal Point L oad at Eave, Fw
Seismic Use Group II Building Inputs: Load from Roof
Occupancy Importance Factor, I E 1 Fixity Factor 0.375 (lbs)
Sms 0.240 Wind Force with 10 psf min, Fw = 1320 lbs 840
SDs 0.160 Wind Force with Roof and Walls, Fw = 256 lbs -223
Sm1 0.120 Wind Force with Walls only, Fw = 479 lbs 0
SD1 0.080 NOTE: The 10 psf minimum requirement of ASCE 7-05, 6.1.4.1
CT 0.02 controls the design of the main wind force resisting system
Cu 1.7 (MWFRS). The MWFRS for this building is the roof diaphragm and
Acceleration Site Coefficient, Fa 1.6 shearwalls, and the post-frame. This example will proceed with
Velocity Site Coefficient, Fv 2.4 building component design using wind pressures from coefficients,
and then show that MWFRS is adequate for 10 psf minimum load in
App. Fund. Period, Ta 0.16
Appendix E at the end of this report.
Fundamental Period, T 0.27
Seismic Coefficient, Cs 0.023
Cs min 0.007
Cs max 0.042
Seismic Base Shear, V = 143 lbs Controlling Wind Load:
Lateral Seismic Force at Roof, FR = 132 lbs Wind Force per Frame, Fw = 479 lbs
[F R = 143 x 5760 / 6240 ]
2.5.5 Seismic vs. Wind Compar ison
Controlling Load Combination Strength Comparison Serviceability Comparison
D+W 479 lbs Wind Controls the Strength Design (D+0.7E)C d < D+W: Wind Controls
D+0.7E 92.2 lbs Serviceability Requirements
2.6 Stor y Dr ift and Wind Deflections
Allowable Story Drift = 0.02 hs1 (ASCE 7-05, Table 12.12-1)
Story Height, hs1 = 192 in
Allowable Stor y Dr ift = 3.84 in
Other Deflection Criterion = l/120 (ASCE 7-05, Section 12.12.2 and IBC 2009, Table 1604.3)
Allowable Deflection at Eave = 1.6 in (controlling deflection criterion)
Actual Calculated Deflection = 0.57 in (see DAFI outputs)
Story Drift from Elastic Analysis, δ1e = n/a in (seismic does not control the strength or serviceability design)
Deflection Amplification Factor, Cd = 4.5
Calculated Stor y Dr ift at Eave , δ1 = n/a in
Story drift requirements are satisfied - calculated story drift is less than controlling allowable story drift
Back
2.7 Contr olling L oad Combinations
Wall Posts D+0.75(S+W) Post Foundation (Lateral Loading) D+W and 0.6D+W
Roof Diaphragm D+W and 0.6D+W Post Foundation (Uplift) 0.6D+W
Endwall Shearwalls D+W and 0.6D+W Wall Girts D+W and 0.6D+W
Roof Truss D+S Purlins 0.6D+W or D+S
2.8 L oad Calculations Summar y

Design MWFRS and C&C wind pressures and suctions were calculated for positive, negative and zero internal pressure
conditions. The controlling lateral wind force to be resisted by the MWFRS was found by considering wind applied to roof
and walls, wind applied to walls only, and 10 psf wind pressure applied to the vertical projection. The lateral force from
seismic load was also calculated and compared to the wind force. The response modification factor, R, and deflection
amplification factor, Cd, were chosen from ASCE 7-05 Table 12.2-1. The comparison between wind and seismic was
performed for both strength and serviceability criterion using forces generated from the critical load combinations. The
allowable lateral deflection at the eave was found by taking the eave height divided by 120 (L/120 limit). The actual
deflection comes from the DAFI analysis in the Diaphragm Design section.
The dead load of the different materials for the roof plane are listed based on surface area and then converted to the
horizontal projection to give the top chord dead load. Snow load and unbalanced snow load is calculated for a heated
building with insulated ceiling and the roof is considered to be partially exposed.
Section 3: Diaphr agm Design
Walls and roof are sheathed with Grandrib 3, 29 gage structural metal sheathing manufactured by Fabral. Below are the properties
of Grandrib 3 panels as provided in Table 6.1 of the "Post-Frame Building Design Manual" (PFBDM) by the National Frame
Building Association (NFBA). The panel dimensions and fastening pattern are shown in Figure 3A. The panel properties were
obtained using a cantilever test procedure as shown in Figure 3B.
▪ Ultimate Strength, Pu, lbf 3300

▪ Allowable Shear Strength, va, lbf/ft 110
▪ Effective In-Plane Stiffness, c, lbf/in 2920
▪ Effective Shear Modulus, G, lbf/in 2190
Reference: Lukens & Bundy, 1987
Figure 3B. Test panel arrangement for

Figure 3A. Sheathing profiles and fastener patterns for the roof determining in-plane shear strength and
and wall panels. stiffness of diaphragm test panels.
3.1 Diaphr agm Hor izontal Roof Stiffness, Ch

The total horizontal shear stiffness, Ch, of the roof assembly is calculated by summing the horizontal shear stiffness values, ch,1 and
ch,2, of the individual roof diaphragms including both roof slopes. The horizontal shear stiffness of an individual diaphragm, ch, is
obtained by adjusting the model diaphragm in-plane shear stiffness, c, for actual building size and roof slope.
Ch = ch,1 roof +ch,2 roof +ch,3 ceiling
ch,1 roof = ch,2 roof = G(cosθroof )(bh,1 roof /s)

ch,3 ceiling = G(cosθceiling)(bh,1 ceiling/s)
bh,1 roof = 38 ft (half of the building's width+overhang)
bh, ceiling = 72 ft (building's width)
s= 8 ft (column spacing)
θroof 16.3 degrees
θceiling 0
Back
ch,1 roof = 9986 lbf/in
ch,3 ceiling = #### lbf/in
Ch = 39683 lbf/in (The total horizontal shear stiffness of roof diaphragm)
3.2 Fr ame Stiffness, k (See Visual Analysis Results in Appendix A)

The stiffness of the bare frame, k, is the ratio of the applied horizontal eave load divided by the resulting horizontal eave deflection.
A computer analog of the frame consisting of two posts and the truss has been used to calculate this term. The post to soil interface
of this structural analog is shown in Figure 4A.
k = p/Δ
p = horizontal load at eave

Δ = frame displacement at eave
p= 100 lbf (applied to eave in Visual Analysis Model)

Δ= 0.75 in (resulting truss displacement in Visual Analysis Model)
k= 133.3 lbf/in (bare frame stiffness)

3.3 Endwall Stiffness, k e
The endwall stiffness, ke, is calculated by summing the horizontal shear stiffness of the wall diaphragm and the bending stiffness of
the endwall posts. The horizontal shear stiffness of the wall diaphragm is found by adjusting the model diaphragm shear stiffness for
the actual size of endwall. The interior liner is constructed the same as the exterior siding and is included in the endwall calculations.
ke= G(cosθexterior)(bh,exterior/s) + G(cosθinterior)(bh, interior/s) + n(6EI/L 3)

G= 2190 lbf/in
θexterior = 0.0 degrees
θinterior = 0.0 degrees
bh1, exterior = bh1, interior = 60 ft (length of endwall 1 minus door/window openings)
s= 16 ft (s=length perpendicular to loading = wall height)
n1 = 10 columns (n 1 =number of columns in endwall 1)
E= 1700000 psi
4
I= 48 in (moment of inertia about weak axis of each individual endwall column)
L= 16 ft (column height)
ke1= 17117 lbf/in (stiffness of endwall with four windows)

ke2= 13693 lbf/in (stiffness of endwall with 24ft door)
3.4 Eave L oad
The eave load, Pi, used in this analysis is the resultant lateral load from the controlling combination of design loads acting over the
tributary area of the eave, and is applied as a concentrated load at the eave of each frame. The eave load is calculated using Frame-
Base Fixity Factors or by Plane-Frame Structural Analysis.
The standard method of fixity factors typically assumes that a post is simply supported with zero rotational resistance at ground level,
or is fully fixed with zero rotation at ground level. Sometimes neither of these assumptions are completely accurate. In the case of a
non-constrained post foundation, the top horizontal support of the foundation system is located a distance below ground level. This
means that there are some lateral and rotational deflections at the ground line. As a result, the standard 0.375 fixity factor for a
rigidly supported column is a rough approximation. Assuming a pinned base condition for the post yields a higher eave load and is
conservative for the diaphragm design; conversely, assuming a perfectly fixed base condition yields a lower eave load and is
conservative for the post design. We have chosen to use a fixity factor of 0.42 which is a little more toward fixed than pinned.
Eave Load by Frame-Base Fixity Factors:
Pi = s[hr(qwr - qlr) + hwf (qww - qlw)]

s= 8 ft
hr= 10.5 ft
hw= 16
qww= 7.6
qlw= -2.4
qwr= 0.0 (load with roof loads did not control)
qlr= 0.0 (load with roof loads did not control)
Back
f pin= 0.5 (fixity factor for a pin post base support)
f fixed= 0.375 (fixity factor for a fixed post base support)
Pi, pin= 639 (Eave Reaction With Pinned Column Base)
Pi, fixed= 479 (Eave Reaction With Fixed Column Base)
f new= 0.42
Pi = 538 lbs P i = s[ h r (q wr - q lr ) + h w f new (q ww - q lw )]
3.5 Summar y of DAFI I nputs

DAFI (Diaphragm and Frame Interaction) is a computer program for calculating the distribution of horizontal loads among
the individual post-frames and roof diaphragm sections of a building. It can be used to analyze diaphragm action in
buildings in which bay spacings vary, the stiffness of individual post-frames differ, endwalls are not assumed infinitely
rigid, and/or the stiffness of individual diaphragms are not the same.
A windows version of this program is available as a free download from the National Frame Building Association website
(nfba.org). It allows data to be entered using a special screen editor. The data can be saved to and later recalled from
an input data file.
Roof Diaphragm Shear Stiffness: 39683 lbf/in (C 1 = C 2 = C 3 = … = C 15 )

Endwall 1 Shear Stiffness: 17117 lbf/in
Interior Frame Stiffness: 133.3 lbf/in (k 2 = k 3 = k 4 = … = k 14 )
Eave Load on Interior Frame: 538 lbf
3.6 Summar y of DAFI Outputs
DAFI FRAM E ANAL YSI S OUTPUTS
Fr ame Fr ame Applied Hor izontal L oad Resisted by Fr action of Applied
Number Stiffness L oad Displacement Fr ame L oad
1 17117 269 0.22 3700.7 13.757
2 133.3 538 0.30 40.4 0.075
3 133.3 538 0.38 50.2 0.093
4 133.3 538 0.44 58.4 0.109
5 133.3 538 0.49 65.0 0.121
6 133.3 538 0.53 70.0 0.130
7 133.3 538 0.55 73.5 0.137
8 133.3 538 0.57 75.4 0.140
9 133.3 538 0.57 75.7 0.141
10 133.3 538 0.56 74.5 0.138
11 133.3 538 0.54 71.7 0.133
12 133.3 538 0.51 67.4 0.125
13 133.3 538 0.46 61.4 0.114
14 133.3 538 0.40 53.9 0.100
15 133.3 538 0.34 44.8 0.083
16 13693 269 0.25 3487.0 12.963
DAFI DI APHRAGM ANAL YSI S OUTPUTS
Diaphr agm Diaphr agm Shear
Shear Displacement
Number Stiffness L oad
1 39683 0.0864781 3431.71
2 39683 0.0739374 2934.06
3 39683 0.0616451 2446.26
4 39683 0.0495598 1966.68
5 39683 0.037641 1493.71
6 39683 0.0258487 1025.75
7 39683 0.0141432 561.24
8 39683 0.0024851 98.62
9 39683 0.0091645 363.68
10 39683 0.020845 827.19
11 39683 0.0325954 1293.48
12 39683 0.0444554 1764.12
13 39683 0.0564647 2240.69
14 39683 0.0686637 2724.78
15 39683 0.0810933 3218.02
3.7 I nter pr etation of DAFI Outputs
Controlling Frame Number = 9 (Resists the most load compared to other frames)
Deflection of Frame = 0.57 in
Load Resistance by Frame = 75.7 lbf
Resisting Force by Diaphragm, Q = 462.6 lbf (Eave Load Minus Load Resistance by Frame)
Shear Load in Endwall 1 = 3701 lbf DAFI Output: Load Resisted by Frame 1
Shear Load in Endwall 2 = 3487 lbf DAFI Output: Load Resisted by Frame 16; Wall with 20' Door
Horizontal Diaphragm Shear = 3432 lbf DAFI Output: Largest Diaphragm Shear Load
3.8 Endwall Shear Str ength Check

The endwalls are sheathed inside and out with Grandrib 3, 29 gage structural metal sheathing manufactured by Fabral. The
sheathing is fastened to 2x4 girts with #10x1" screws 6" o/c at edges and 12" o/c at all intermediate framing. Though the testing was
done with purlins placed on edge, it is a reasonable assumption that the purlins with flat orientation will yield equal or better results.
The testing was done with 2x4 No.2 DFL purlins , fastened to rafters with (1) 60d spike and (2) 10d toenails. Table 6.1 of the
PFBDM is silent on the controlling failure mode, whether it was in the wood portion of the test assembly or the steel panels. To be
conservative, it is assumed that the failure is in the steel panels and the load duration factor, CD = 1.0 is applied in the calculations.
Ref: Lukens & Bundy, 1987, as presented in Table 6.1 (Test Assembly #6) of the PFBDM by NFBA.
ke= G(cosθexterior)(bh,exterior/s) + G(cosθinterior)(bh, interior/s) + n(6EI/L 3) (endwall stiffness)
G(cosθexterior)(bh1,exterior/s) = 8213 lbf/in (stiffness provided by exterior sheathing of endwall 1)

G(cosθinterior)(bh1, interior/s) = 8213 lbf/in (stiffness provided by interior sheathing of endwall 1)
n(6EI/L 3) = 691.7 lbf/in (stiffness provided by columns of endwall 1)

Shear Load in Endwall 1, V max, 1 = 3701 lbf DAFI Output: Load Resisted by Frame 1
Shear Load in Endwall 2, V max, 2 = 3487 lbf DAFI Output: Load Resisted by Frame 16; Wall with 24' Door
Allowable Shear Strength, va = 110 lbf/ft (from Table 6.1 test assembly #6 of PFBDM)
Stiffness of Total Shear L oad on Allowable L oad

L oad Total L oad on
Endwall Wall Component Wall Stiffness of Component, on Component,
Ratio Component
Component Endwall vmax va
(lbf/in) (lbf/in) (lbs) (lb/ft) (lb/ft)

1 Exterior Sheathing 8213 17117 0.480 1776 30 110
Interior Sheathing 8213 17117 0.480 1776 30 110
Bare Frame 692 17117 0.040 150 n/a n/a

Bare Frame 553 13693 0.040 141 n/a n/a
vmax ≤va <ok> (actual shear in endwalls is less than allowable shear)
Back
3.9 Sidewall Shear Str ength Check
Wind Parallel To Ridge
The controlling load combination for wind loads parallel to ridge is D+W, where windward and leeward pressures are applied to the
tributary area of the endwall. For simplicity the columns are assumed to be fully rigid at ground level with a fixity factor of 3/8.
Typically the endwalls in a post-frame building are the controlling shear walls. There are cases, however, when sidewalls are the
critical shear walls, especially in wide buildings that are short in length. In those situations a more thorough analysis is required, in
which a roof and sidewall stiffness and possibly torsional effects on the overall building envelope are considered. An analytical
model of each column height with proper base conditions may also be required to calculate loads on the diaphragm more accurately.
Allowable Shear Strength, va = 220 lbf/ft (Exterior Sheathing and Interior Liner)
Fixity Factor, f fixed= 0.375 (assume zero column rotation at ground level)
Tributary Area, A t = 810 ft2 (see sketch above)
Length of Wall, L sidewall = 79 ft (length of sidewall minus all door and window openings)
qww = 10.0 psf (10 psf minimum requirement controls the design)
qlw = 0.0 psf (10 psf minimum requirement controls the design)
Maximum Shear Load, V max = 8100 lbs
Actual Shear Load, vsidewall = 51 lbf/ft V max /L sidewall /2walls
vsidewall ≤va <ok> (actual shear in sidewall is less than allowable shear)
3.10 Roof Diaphr agm Shear Str ength Check

The roof is also sheathed with Grandrib 3, 29 gage structural metal sheathing manufactured by Fabral. The sheathing is
fastened to 2x4 purlins with #10x1" screws 6" o/c at edges and 12" o/c at all intermediate framing. The testing was done with 2x4
No.2 DFL purlins, fastened to rafters with (1) 60d spike and (2) 10d toenails. Ref: Lukens & Bundy, 1987, as presented in Table
6.1 (Test Assembly #6) of the PFBDM by NFBA.
Allowable Shear Strength, va = 110 lbf/ft

M ax Shear , V max, hor izontal = 3432 lbf DAFI Diaphragm Analysis Output
Ch, roof = ch,1 roof + ch2, roof = 19973 lbf/in (horizontal stiffness provided by roof sheathing)
Ch, ceiling = 19710 lbf/in (horizontal stiffness provided by ceiling sheathing)
L s, roof = 79.17 ft (width of building plus overhangs divided by cosine of roof angle)
L s, ceiling = 72 ft (width of building)
vmax, in-plane = V max, in-plane / L s (shear load in plane of the roof or ceiling sheathing)
Back
M ax
Total M ax L oad in Shear L oad in
Hor izontal Horizontal
Roof Hor izontal L oad Plane of Plane of Allowable Shear
Stiffness of L oad on θ
Component Stiffness of Ratio Component, Component, L oad, va
Component Component,
Diaphr agm V max, in-plane va
V max, hor izontal
(lbf/in) (lbf/in) (lbs) (deg) (lbs) (lb/ft) (lb/ft)

Roof Sheathing 19973 39683 0.503 1727 16.26 1799 23 110
Ceiling
19710 39683 0.497 1704 0 1704 24 110
Sheathing
vmax ≤va <ok> (actual shear in diaphragm is less than allowable shear)
3.11 Roof Diaphr agm Chor d For ces
The roof diaphragm acts like a deep beam where the ends of the beam are assumed to be fixed. The diaphragm of this building
consists of two individual roof diaphragms, one on each side of ridge, and of one ceiling diaphragm. The bending forces in each
diaphragm are resisted by roof purlins and ceiling joists. Because only the edge purlins and ceiling joists are fastened together to
provide a continuous tensile resistance to tension chord of diaphragms, it can be conservatively assumed that the intermediate purlins
and ceiling joists provide zero contribution to the bending resistance of diaphragms. The load is applied to the diaphragm at eave,
and redistributed to individual diaphragms according to their stiffness. For simplicity, the load resistance contribution of frames is
ignored. The purlins are fastened together at splices with a single HTP37Z Simpson plate fastened to the side with 10dx1-1/2 nails;
the ceiling joists are fastened together at splice with a single MSTA21 Simpson strap, fastened to the bottom edge with 10dx3" nails.
It should be noted that typical roof diaphragm deflection consists of bending deflection, shear deflection of sheathing panel,
deflection due to nail slip, and deflection due to slip in chord connection splices. Because the diaphragm stiffness in this example is
based on a sample test, it can be assumed that all of these deflection contributors, with exception of the deflection due to slip in chord
connection splices, are accounted for. It is further assumed that the deflection due to slip in chord connection splices is minimal and
is an insignificant contributor to the overall diaphragm deflection.
ch,1 roof = 9986 lbf/in (horizontal stiffness of roof diaphragm 1)

ch,2 roof = 9986 lbf/in (horizontal stiffness of roof diaphragm 2)
ch,3 ceiling = 19710 lbf/in (horizontal stiffness of ceiling diaphragm)
Ch = 39683 lbf/in (total combined horizontal stiffness diaphragm)
Load Ratio to Each Diaphragm , p = ch,x/Ch (individual diaphragm stiffness divided by total diaphragm stiffness)
Load on Roof Diaphragm, w = 67.29 lbf/ft (eave load, Pi , divided by column spacing, s)
2
End Moment, M ex = wxL x /12 (controls the design)
2
Midspan Moment, M mx = wxL x /24* (moment equation for a beam with fixed end supports)
Tension/ Compression Force, Tx = M ex/bx (controlling moment divided by depth of individual diaphragm)
* A moment is generated in the diaphragm as the diaphram deflects lateraly under horizontal wind or seismic loads. The resulting
bending forces travel along the length of the buidling through the edge ceiling joists and purlins which are restricted from moving
longitudinaly by rigid sidewalls; hence, the diaphragm is assumed to be rigidly fixed at the endwalls.
HTP37z Simpson Strap = 1600 lbs (allowable tension capacity as specified by the manufacturer)
MSTA21 Simpson Strap = 1505 lbs (allowable tension capacity as specified by the manufacturer)
L oad Diaphr agm L oad on M oment in Tension/ Allowable

Diaphr agm Diaphr agm
Ratio, Depth, Diaphr agm, Diaphr agm, Compr ession Tension L oad
Component L ength, L x
p bx wx Mx For ce, T x Ta
(dec.) (ft) (ft) (lb/ft) (lb-ft) (lbs) (lbs)

Roof Diaphragm 1 0.252 120 38 16.9 20319 535 1600
Roof Diaphragm 2 0.252 120 38 16.9 20319 535 1600
Ceiling Diaphragm 0.497 120 72 33.4 40104 557 1505
Px ≤Pa <ok> (actual tension load is less than allowable tension load)
Back
Section 4: Post Design
4.1 L oads
Dead Load, DL = 9 psf

Roof Live Load, LL r = 20 psf
Snow Load, SL balanced = 23.1 psf
Snow Load, SL unbalanced, windward = 6.9 psf
Snow Load, SL unbalanced,leeward = 43.7 psf, for a distance of 10.5 ft from ridge, then 23.1 psf
Windward Post Wind Load, qww = 7.6 psf or 3.6

Leeward Post Wind Load, qlw = -2.4 psf or -6.4
Diaphragm Restraining Force, Q = -462.6 lbs (applied at eave of frame)
Figure 4A. Structural analog of post-frame with non-constrained foundation.
4.2 Results Detailed post design calculations are provided in Appendix A

Post Size = 3-ply 2x8, nail laminated post with structural glued finger joints
Grade = #1 southern yellow pine, pressure preservative treated at the embedded end
V max, dry = 602 lb (at grade)
M max, dry = 1850 lb-ft (at grade)
V max, wet = 1191 lb (below grade)
M max, wet = 2395 lb-ft (below grade)
Pmax = 9872 lb (D+S)
Actual/Allowable Unity = 0.50 (controlling combined axial and bending load combination: D+.75(S+W)
The post is sized adequately for the required loading

Section 5: Foundation Design
ANSI/ASAE EP486.1 Defines non-constrained foundation as a case in which "Post foundation rotation and horizontal displacement
(horizontal movement of entire foundation) is resisted by reactive soil pressures only…" If the post is horizontally supported by a
concrete slab or concrete collar at ground level, the foundation is designed as a constrained foundation. In this example the
concrete floor serves as a horizontal support at ground level only for windward wind loads. Because the post is not attached to
concrete slab and is free to move outward under leeward wind loads, the foundation is conservatively designed as a non-constrained
foundation. The design procedures and equations are outlined in ANSI/ASAE EP486.1; the design equations are also shown in
Appendix B. The structural analog in Figure 4A shows a vertical roller support at 0.33d (16 inches) below grade and a pin at 0.1d (5
inches) up from the bottom.
The post embedment below grade is 4 ft; a 24" diameter x 24" high concrete collar is poured around the post, on top of an 8" thick
concrete footing. The reactions on the foundation are imposed from the column at ground level, as shown in Figure 5A below. The
allowable lateral bearing soil pressure, S', is assumed to be 200 psf/ft of depth, and the initial allowable vertical bearing soil
pressures are assumed to be 2000 psf (EP486.1, Table 1). Per Footnote 4 of the EP486.1 Table 1, the vertical allowable foundation
pressures "are for footings at least 300 mm (1 ft) wide and 300 mm (1 ft) deep into natural grade. Pressure may be increased 20%
for each additional 300 mm (1 ft) of width and/or depth to a maximum of three times the tabulated value. Source: Table 18-1-A
UBC." The adjusted allowable vertical soil pressures along with controlling load combinations for gravity, lateral and uplift loads, and
other calculations are provided in Appendix B.
Figure 5A. FBD of non-constrained post foundation with concrete collar from ANSI/ASAE EP486.1.
5.1 Post Reactions at Gr ade L evel

PD = 3010 lbs (Vertical dead load reaction from Visual Analysis model)
P Lr = 6080 lbs (Vertical roof live load reaction from Visual Analysis model)
PS = 6862 lbs (Vertical snow load reaction from Visual Analysis model)
Quplift = 2959 lbs (Wind service load on footing calculated using tributary area)
V a = V max, dry = 602 lbs (Shear force applied at grade level, from Visual Analysis model)
M a = M max, dry = 1850 lb-ft (Moment reaction applied at grade level, from Visual Analysis model)
P = Pmax = 9872 lb (Vertical foundation load, D+S)
Qnet= 1153 lb (Net uplift load on foundation, 0.6D+W)
5.2 Results Detailed foundation calculations are provided in Appendix B

Minimum Post Embedment, d = 3.3 ft (minimum calculated embedment depth)
Actual Post Embedment, da = 4.0 ft
Applied Vertical Soil Pressure, Sa = 3142 psf (calculated)
Allowable Soil Pressure, Sv = 3867 psf, ( 93.33 % increases are applied per EP486.1, Table 1, Footnote 4)
Calculated Uplift Resistance, U = 2395 lbs (resistance consists of weight of concrete collar + weight of soil cone)
d ≤da <ok> (required post embedment is less than actual post embedment)
Sa ≤Sv <ok> (actual vertical soil bearing pressure is less than the allowable)
Qnet ≤U <ok> (net uplift load is less than the calculated footing uplift resistance)
Section 6: Pur lin & Gir t Design
6.1 Pur lin Design

2x4 #2 S. Pine on edge @ 24" on center except 16" on center in unbalanced snow area 10.5 ft. each side of ridge (Design details
are provided in Appendix C).
Purlins are positioned on edge on top of top chord of truss and typically span over two spans for the total length of 16ft. Due to the
Dead Load, DL = 2.5 psf (on surface area, see Roof Dead Load Section)
Roof Live Load, LL r = 20 psf (on horizontal projection, does not control)
Snow Load, SL balanced = 23.1 psf (on horizontal projection)
Snow Load, SL unbalanced, windward = 6.9 psf (on horizontal projection)
Snow Load, SL unbalanced,leeward = 43.7 psf, for a distance of 10.5 ft from ridge, then 23.1 psf
Interior Roof Wind Load, qinterior = -11.7 psf (component and cladding)
Edge Roof Wind Load, qedge = -19.2 psf (component and cladding)
Corner Roof Wind Load, qcorner = -28.9 psf (component and cladding)
Deflection Criterion = l/150 and l/120 for Live and Dead + Live Loads
Roof angle, θr = 16.3 degrees
STRONG AXIS LOADING ON PURLIN

Roof Cor ner
Dead Balanced Unbalanced I nter ior Wind Edge Wind
Pur lin θr Spacing L ive Wind
L oad Snow L oad Snow L oad L oad L oad
L oad L oad
(deg) (ft) (lb/ft) (lb/ft) (lb/ft) (lb/ft) (lb/ft) (lb/ft) (lb/ft)
Typical Purlin 16.3 2 5 38.4 44.4 83.9 -23.3 -38.4 -57.7
Purlin in
Unbalanced 16.3 1.33 3.33 25.5 29.5 55.8 -15.5 -25.5 -38.4
Snow Area
6.2 Gir t Design
2x4 #2 S. Pine flat against posts @ 24" on center continuous over two spans (Design details are provided in Appendix C).
Interior Wall Wind Load, qinterior = -13.7 psf (component and cladding)
Edge Wall Wind Load, qedge = -16.4 psf (component and cladding)
Deflection Criterion = l/90 (IBC 2009, 1604.3, Footnote a)
Section 7: Connections
Detailed Connection Calculations Are Provided In Appendix D
7.1 L ist of Cr itical Connections

In this example only connections critical to the lateral force resistance system are analyzed:
▪ Truss to Post Connection - Vertical shear due to truss uplift

▪ Truss to Post Connection - Horizontal shear due to post top end reactions
▪ Truss to Glulam Header Over Sidewall Door Connection -Truss uplift
▪ Endwall Ceiling Ledger to Posts Connection - Shear between ceiling diaphragm and end shear wall
▪ Skirt Board to Posts Connection - Shear between shear wall and posts at grade level
▪ Purlin to Purlin at Splice Connection - Tension load between diaphragm tension chords
▪ Ceiling Joist to Ceiling Joist at Splice Connection - Tension load between diaphragm tension chords
▪ Post to Concrete Collar Connection - Vertical shear due to post uplift
Figure 6A. Critical connection locations.
7.2 Tr uss to Post Connection

Trusses are placed in a pocket created by notching the center lamination at top of post. The exterior laminations are then extended to
the top of top chord of truss, and fastened to truss with (5) 16d common wire nails on each side. This connection is designed to resist
vertical and horizontal shear loads. The vertical shear load, or load from truss uplift, can be calculated using tributary areas and roof
wind pressures, or can be provided by a truss designer. In this example the uplift loads are calculated using tributary areas and wind
pressures. The horizontal shear load at top of post can be conservatively approximated using tributary area and wind pressures,
which is a product of (3/8)(column height)(column spacing)(controlling wind pressure), assuming that the column is fixed at bottom
(grade level) and has a horizontal roller support at top. The more accurate horizontal shear load can be determined by modeling the
critical frame, the frame closest to the more rigid endwall, in a computer program, or by using DAFI results outputs. This example
utilizes the latter of these three methods.
Vertical Shear Load and Design:
Tributary Width = 304 ft2
Roof Wind Pressures, qwr = -9.7 psf
Effective Dead Load = 4.5 psf (50% of design dead load)
Net Uplift For ce = -2139 lbs (0.6D+W)
Allowable Shear Capacity = 2275 lbs (Detailed connection calculations are provided in Appendix D)
Horizontal Shear Load and Design:
The end shear at top of post equals the calculated horizontal reaction of the critical frame. This reaction is the sum of three (3)
components:
Horizontal Roof Load, Fr = 0 lbs (1) (roof component of calculated eave load divided by 2 posts)
Resisting Force by Diaphragm, Rd = -377.7 lbs (2) F d = [ (eave load)-(load resisted by Frame 2)] [ q ww /(q ww +q lw )]
Resistance by Opposite Post, R2 = -9.72 lbs (3) R 2 = Δ2 (k)q lw /(q ww -q lw ), where k = frame stiffness
Shear at Top of Post, V 2 = -387 lbs (V 2 = F r + R d + R 2 )
7.3 Tr uss to Glulam Header Connection

Truss is fastened to glulam header over 16 ft. door with (2) H10A Simpson hurricane ties, one tie on each side of beam. The specific
gravities of truss and beam are assumed to be 0.55.
Tributary Width = 304 ft2
Roof Wind Pressures, qwr = -9.7 psf
Effective Dead Load = 4.5 psf (50% of design dead load)
Net Uplift For ce = -2139 lbs (0.6D+W)
7.4 Endwall Ceiling L edger to Posts Connection

The shear load from roof diaphragm is transferred to endwall truss and then to wall sheathing. This load path does not directly rely
on truss to post connection. The shear forces from ceiling diaphragm, however, are transferred to endwall posts first and then to girts
and sheathing. There are 10 posts in endwall 1, the endwall with largest shear loads. The ceiling ledger is fastened to each post with
(4) 16d nails.
Number of Posts = 10
Number of 16d Nails per Post = 4
M aximum Shear , V max, hor izontal = 1704 lbs (V max, horiz. from Section 3.10 Roof Diaphragm Shear Strength Check)
7.5 Endwall Skir t Boar d to Post Connection

There is a #2 SYP skirt board on the exterior side of end wall, and a 2x4 #2 SYP bottom girt on the interior side of end wall. The
skirt board and bottom girt to post connection is the last connection in the load path of the lateral force resisting system before the
lateral loads are transferred to the ground. The skirt board and the bottom girt are each fastened to each post with (4) 16d galvanized
common wire nails.
M aximum Shear , V max, exter ior = 1776 lbs (V max from Section 3.8 Endwall Shear Strength Check)
M aximum Shear , V max, inter ior = 1776 lbs (V max from Section 3.8 Endwall Shear Strength Check)
Allowable Shear Capacity, V a = 6881 lbs (Detailed connection calculations are provided in Appendix D)
7.6 Pur lin to Pur lin at Splice and to Endwall Tr uss Connection
The edge purlins serve as tension and compression chords of the roof diaphragm. In order to provide a continuity in tensile
resistance in the tension chord of the diaphragm, the purlins must be fastened together at each splice. In this design a HTP37Z
Simpson strap is used at each purlin splice. The edge purlin must also be fastened to endwall truss to transfer loads into sidewall
sheathing. In addition to (1) 60d R.S. nail, a 2x8x10 inch wood block is attached to truss and purlin. To provide adequate
withdrawal capacity, the block is attached to truss with (8) #8x3" wood screws, four (4) screws at top of top chord of truss and four
(4) screws at bottom of top chord. The purlin is fastened to the block with (5) 16d nails. This connection must be at all edge purlins
on each side of the ridge line; there are the total of four (4) purlins and eight (8) of such connections in the building.
M aximum Tension For ce, T max = 535 lbs (T x from Section 3.11 Roof Diaphragm Chord Forces)
Allowable Tension Capacity, T a = 1850 lbs (Detailed connection calculations are provided in Appendix D)
Allowable Tension Capacity, T a = 1513 lbs
7.7 Ceiling Joist to Ceiling Joist Splice and to Cor ner Post Connection
The edge ceiling joists serve as tension and compression chords of the ceiling diaphragm. In order to provide a continuity in tensile
resistance in the tension chord of the diaphragm, the ceiling joists must be fastened together at each splice. In this design a MSTA21
Simpson strap is used at each purlin splice. The edge ceiling joists must also be fastened to corner posts to transfer loads into
sidewall sheathing.
M aximum Tension For ce, T max = 557 lbs (T x from Section 3.11 Roof Diaphragm Chord Forces)
Allowable Tension Capacity, T a = 1505 lbs (Detailed connection calculations are provided in Appendix D)
Allowable Tension Capacity, T a = 1474 lbs
7.8 Post to Concr ete Collar Connection

Each post is connected below grade to a concrete collar (backfill) with (1) #4 x 16 inch hot dipped galvanized rebar. This connection
is checked using the provisions of the 2005 National Design Specification for Wood Construction (NDS) by AF& PA for a 1/2 inch
diameter bolt in high moisture conditions.
Net Uplift For ce, Qnet = 1153 lbs (from Section 5.1 Post Reactions at Grade Level)
Number of Reinfor cing Bar s = 1
Allowable Shear Capacity, Z' = Z(CD)(CM) = 1720(1.6)(0.7) = 1926 lbs
Back
Section 8: Other Design Consider ations
This design example focused on resistance to lateral loads. Some other important connections not contained in this example, may
include:
▪ Overhead Door Header(s) to Post Connection - Vertical and Horizontal shear
▪ Girt to Post Connection - Withdrawal due to wind suction
▪ Purlin to Truss Connection -Withdrawal (uplift) due to wind suction
▪ Roof Sheathing to Purlins Connection -Withdrawal (uplift) due to wind suction
▪ Wall Sheathing to Girts Connection - Withdrawal due to wind suction
It is also important to note that the truss design will be performed by the truss designer using the loading and geometry provided by
the building designer. Guidelines for handling, bracing, and installing metal plate connected wood trusses are contained in the
Building Component Safety Information (BCSI) booklet published jointly by TPI and WTCA. The truss bracing design for this
building should take into account the bottom chord and compression web lateral restraint requirements shown on the truss design
drawings, as well as the on center spacing of the trusses.
APPENDIX A
FRAME STIFFNESS
FRAME EAVE REACTION
POST DESIGN
A.1 Fr ame Stiffness
LOADING ON FRAME
FRAME DEFLECTION FROM THE APPLIED 100 LB HORIZONTAL EAVE LOAD

(Eave Deflection = 0.751 in)
Back
A.2 Post Design
NODE NAMES
(IES Visual Analysis 7.0)
MEMBER NAMES
Back
DEAD LOADS
ROOF LIVE LOADS

UNBALANCED SNOW LOADS
WIND LOADS BASED ON NEGATIVE INTERNAL PRESSURE

Horizontal Point Load is Diaphragm Resistance, See Section 3.7 of the Design Example
WIND LOADS BASED ON POSITIVE INTERNAL PRESSURE
Horizontal Point Load is Diaphragm Resistance, See Section 3.7 of the Design Example
UNITY CHECK
Applied Stresses from Controlling Load Combination Divided by Adjusted Allowable Sresses
Visual Analysis Report - Sidewall Post Design
Company: Timber Tech Engineering, Inc. Engineer: Dimitry Reznik
VisualAnalysis 7.00 Report
Table of Contents
Project Header
Table of Contents
Load Cases
Load Combination Summary
Section Properties
Member Elements
Design Groups
Nodal Loads
Member Uniform Loads
Nodal Displacements
Member Unity Checks
Design Group Results
Nodal Reactions
Load Cases
——————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————
Load Case Design Checks Seismic Type Results Analyze? Envelope?
——————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————
( 1)Dead Load -NA- -NA- Yes Yes No

(11)Roof Live Load -NA- -NA- Yes Yes No
(14)Snow Unbalanced -NA- -NA- Yes Yes No
(16)Wind Load (-) -NA- -NA- Yes Yes No
(17)Wind Load (+) -NA- -NA- Yes Yes No
(18)0.6D+W+H »+X Allowable (ASD) -NA- Yes Yes No
(19)0.6D+W+H »-X Allowable (ASD) -NA- Yes Yes No
(20)D+F Allowable (ASD) -NA- Yes Yes No
(21)D+H+F+0.75(L+Lr) Allowable (ASD) -NA- Yes Yes No
(22)D+H+F+0.75(L+S) Allowable (ASD) -NA- Yes Yes No
(23)D+H+F+0.75(W+L+Lr) »+ Allowable (ASD) -NA- Yes Yes No
(24)D+H+F+0.75(W+L+Lr) »- Allowable (ASD) -NA- Yes Yes No
(25)D+H+F+0.75(W+L+R) »+X Allowable (ASD) -NA- Yes Yes No
(26)D+H+F+0.75(W+L+R) »-X Allowable (ASD) -NA- Yes Yes No
(27)D+H+F+0.75(W+L+S) »+X Allowable (ASD) -NA- Yes Yes No
(28)D+H+F+0.75(W+L+S) »-X Allowable (ASD) -NA- Yes Yes No
(29)D+H+F+Lr Allowable (ASD) -NA- Yes Yes No
(30)D+H+F+S Allowable (ASD) -NA- Yes Yes No
(31)D+H+F+W »+X Allowable (ASD) -NA- Yes Yes No
(32)D+H+F+W »-X Allowable (ASD) -NA- Yes Yes No
——————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————
Load Combination Summary

Equation Combination: 0.6D+W+H »+X
Combination: 0.60D + H*0 + 1.50Fa*0 + W+X
Contributing Cases & Source
Dead Load (D)
Wind Load (-) (W+X)
Equation Combination: 0.6D+W+H »-X
Combination: 0.60D + H*0 + 1.50Fa*0 + W-X
Dead Load (D)
Wind Load (+) (W-X)
Equation Combination: D+F
Combination: D + F*0
Dead Load (D)
Equation Combination: D+H+F+0.75(L+Lr)
Combination: D + 0.75L*0 + 0.75Lpa*0 + 0.75Lr + H*0 + F*0 + 0.75T*0
Dead Load (D)
Roof Live Load (Lr)
Equation Combination: D+H+F+0.75(L+S)
Combination: D + 0.75L*0 + 0.75Lpa*0 + 0.75S + H*0 + F*0 + 0.75T*0
Dead Load (D)
Snow Unbalanced (S)
Equation Combination: D+H+F+0.75(W+L+Lr) »+X
Combination: D + 0.75L*0 + 0.75Lpa*0 + 0.75Lr + H*0 + F*0 + 1.50Fa*0 + 0.75W+X
Dead Load (D)
Roof Live Load (Lr)
Wind Load (-) (W+X)
Equation Combination: D+H+F+0.75(W+L+Lr) »-X
Combination: D + 0.75L*0 + 0.75Lpa*0 + 0.75Lr + H*0 + F*0 + 1.50Fa*0 + 0.75W-X
Dead Load (D)
Roof Live Load (Lr)
Wind Load (+) (W-X)
Equation Combination: D+H+F+0.75(W+L+R) »+X
Combination: D + 0.75L*0 + 0.75Lpa*0 + 0.75R*0 + H*0 + F*0 + 1.50Fa*0 + 0.75W+X
Dead Load (D)
Wind Load (-) (W+X)
Equation Combination: D+H+F+0.75(W+L+R) »-X
Combination: D + 0.75L*0 + 0.75Lpa*0 + 0.75R*0 + H*0 + F*0 + 1.50Fa*0 + 0.75W-X
Dead Load (D)
Wind Load (+) (W-X)
Equation Combination: D+H+F+0.75(W+L+S) »+X
Combination: D + 0.75L*0 + 0.75Lpa*0 + 0.75S + H*0 + F*0 + 1.50Fa*0 + 0.75W+X
Dead Load (D)
Snow Unbalanced (S)
Wind Load (-) (W+X)
Equation Combination: D+H+F+0.75(W+L+S) »-X
Combination: D + 0.75L*0 + 0.75Lpa*0 + 0.75S + H*0 + F*0 + 1.50Fa*0 + 0.75W-X
Dead Load (D)
Snow Unbalanced (S)
Wind Load (+) (W-X)
Equation Combination: D+H+F+Lr
Combination: D + Lr + H*0 + F*0
Dead Load (D)
Roof Live Load (Lr)
Equation Combination: D+H+F+S
Combination: D + S + H*0 + F*0
Dead Load (D)
Snow Unbalanced (S)
Equation Combination: D+H+F+W »+X
Combination: D + H*0 + F*0 + 1.50Fa*0 + W+X
Dead Load (D)
Wind Load (-) (W+X)
Equation Combination: D+H+F+W »-X
Combination: D + H*0 + F*0 + 1.50Fa*0 + W-X
Dead Load (D)
Wind Load (+) (W-X)
Section Properties
————————————————————————————————————————————————————
Section Theta Ax Iz Sz(+y) Sz(-y)
deg in^2 ft^4 ft^3 ft^3
————————————————————————————————————————————————————
3plyX8 0.00 30.99 0.01 0.02 0.02

SS2x4 0.00 5.25 0.00 0.00 0.00
SS2x6 0.00 8.25 0.00 0.00 0.00
————————————————————————————————————————————————————
Member Elements
—————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————
Member Section Material (1)Node (2)Node Length Rz1 Rz2 One Way Framing
ft
—————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————
1 SS2x4 Southern N054 N014 4.79 Free Free Normal Bracing

6 SS2x4 Southern N065 N009 11.74 Free Free Normal Column
7 SS2x4 Southern N070 N009 11.72 Free Free Normal Column
M1 SS2x6 Southern N083 N002 2.08 Fix Fix Normal Beam
P1-Dry 3plyX8 Southern N082 N002 16.00 Fix Free Normal Column
P1-Wet 3plyX8 Southern N004 N082 3.60 Fix Fix Normal Column
M2 SS2x6 Southern N002 N009 37.50 Fix Free Normal Beam
P2-Dry 3plyX8 Southern N085 N006 16.00 Fix Free Normal Column
P2-Wet 3plyX8 Southern N008 N085 3.60 Fix Fix Normal Column
M3 SS2x6 Southern N006 N009 37.50 Fix Free Normal Beam
M4 SS2x6 Southern N084 N006 2.08 Fix Fix Normal Beam
M5 SS2x6 Southern N002 N006 72.00 Free Free Normal Beam
—————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————
Design Groups
———————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————
Group/Me Elements LL Factor Unity Design Shape Overstrength
———————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————
Post Abo 2 1.00 0.50 3plyX8 No

Post Bel 2 1.00 0.32 3plyX8 No
———————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————
Nodal Loads
—————————————————————————————————————————————————————————
Load Case Node Direction Force Moment
lb lb-ft
—————————————————————————————————————————————————————————
Wind Load (+) N006 DX -462.30 0.00

Wind Load (-) N006 DX -462.30 0.00
—————————————————————————————————————————————————————————
Member Uniform Loads

—————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————
Load Case Member Direction Offset End Offset Force Moment
ft ft lb/ft ft-lb/ft
—————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————
Dead Load M1 DY proj. 0.00 2.08 -32.0 -NA-

Dead Load M5 DY 0.00 72.00 -40.0 -NA-
Roof Live Load M1 DY proj. 0.00 2.08 -160. -NA-
Snow Unbalanced M1 DY proj. 0.00 2.08 -55.2 -NA-
Snow Unbalanced M3 DY proj. 0.00 26.50 -185. -NA-
Wind Load (+) P1-Dry DX 0.00 16.00 28.80 -NA-
Wind Load (+) P2-Dry DX 0.00 16.00 51.20 -NA-
Wind Load (-) P1-Dry DX 0.00 16.00 60.80 -NA-
Wind Load (-) P2-Dry DX 0.00 16.00 19.20 -NA-
—————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————
Nodal Displacements
————————————————————————————————————————————————————————
Node Result Case Name DX DY RZ
in in deg
————————————————————————————————————————————————————————
N001 0.6D+W+H »+X 0.0000 -0.0009 -0.07

N001 0.6D+W+H »-X 0.0000 -0.0009 -0.04
N001 D+F -0.0000 -0.0015 0.01
N001 D+H+F+0.75(L+Lr) -0.0000 -0.0039 0.02
N001 D+H+F+0.75(L+S) -0.0000 -0.0031 0.02
N001 D+H+F+0.75(W+L+Lr) »+X 0.0000 -0.0039 -0.04
N001 D+H+F+0.75(W+L+Lr) »-X 0.0000 -0.0039 -0.02
N001 D+H+F+0.75(W+L+R) »+X 0.0000 -0.0015 -0.05
N001 D+H+F+0.75(W+L+R) »-X 0.0000 -0.0015 -0.03
N001 D+H+F+0.75(W+L+S) »+X 0.0000 -0.0031 -0.04
N001 D+H+F+0.75(W+L+S) »-X 0.0000 -0.0031 -0.02
N001 D+H+F+Lr -0.0000 -0.0046 0.02
N001 D+H+F+S -0.0000 -0.0036 0.02
N001 D+H+F+W »+X 0.0000 -0.0015 -0.07
N001 D+H+F+W »-X 0.0000 -0.0015 -0.04
N001 Dead Load -0.0000 -0.0015 0.01
N001 Roof Live Load -0.0000 -0.0031 0.01
N001 Snow Unbalanced -0.0000 -0.0020 0.01
N001 Wind Load (+) 0.0000 0.0000 -0.04
N001 Wind Load (-) 0.0000 0.0000 -0.07
N002 0.6D+W+H »+X 0.4693 -0.0079 -0.39
N002 0.6D+W+H »-X 0.4630 -0.0079 -0.40
N002 D+F -0.2048 -0.0131 -0.68
N002 D+H+F+0.75(L+Lr) -0.5209 -0.0335 -1.79
N002 D+H+F+0.75(L+S) -0.5046 -0.0265 -1.51
N002 D+H+F+0.75(W+L+Lr) »+X -0.0768 -0.0335 -1.78
N002 D+H+F+0.75(W+L+Lr) »-X -0.0815 -0.0335 -1.78
N002 D+H+F+0.75(W+L+R) »+X 0.2393 -0.0131 -0.67
N002 D+H+F+0.75(W+L+R) »-X 0.2346 -0.0131 -0.68
N002 D+H+F+0.75(W+L+S) »+X -0.0605 -0.0265 -1.50
N002 D+H+F+0.75(W+L+S) »-X -0.0651 -0.0265 -1.50
N002 D+H+F+Lr -0.6263 -0.0403 -2.15
N002 D+H+F+S -0.6045 -0.0310 -1.78
N002 D+H+F+W »+X 0.3873 -0.0131 -0.67
N002 D+H+F+W »-X 0.3811 -0.0131 -0.67
N002 Dead Load -0.2048 -0.0131 -0.68
N002 Roof Live Load -0.4215 -0.0271 -1.47
N002 Snow Unbalanced -0.3997 -0.0179 -1.10
N002 Wind Load (+) 0.5859 0.0000 0.01
N002 Wind Load (-) 0.5921 0.0000 0.01
N004 0.6D+W+H »+X -0.0000 -0.0000 0.03
N004 0.6D+W+H »-X -0.0000 -0.0000 0.02
N004 D+F 0.0000 -0.0000 -0.00
N004 D+H+F+0.75(L+Lr) 0.0000 -0.0000 -0.01
N004 D+H+F+0.75(L+S) 0.0000 -0.0000 -0.01
N004 D+H+F+0.75(W+L+Lr) »+X -0.0000 -0.0000 0.02
N004 D+H+F+0.75(W+L+Lr) »-X -0.0000 -0.0000 0.01
N004 D+H+F+0.75(W+L+R) »+X -0.0000 -0.0000 0.02
N004 D+H+F+0.75(W+L+R) »-X -0.0000 -0.0000 0.01
N004 D+H+F+0.75(W+L+S) »+X -0.0000 -0.0000 0.02
N004 D+H+F+0.75(W+L+S) »-X -0.0000 -0.0000 0.01
N004 D+H+F+Lr 0.0000 -0.0000 -0.01
N004 D+H+F+S 0.0000 -0.0000 -0.01
N004 D+H+F+W »+X -0.0000 -0.0000 0.03
N004 D+H+F+W »-X -0.0000 -0.0000 0.02
N004 Dead Load 0.0000 -0.0000 -0.00
N004 Roof Live Load 0.0000 -0.0000 -0.01
N004 Snow Unbalanced 0.0000 -0.0000 -0.01
N004 Wind Load (+) -0.0000 0.0000 0.02
N004 Wind Load (-) -0.0000 0.0000 0.04
N006 0.6D+W+H »+X 0.6911 -0.0079 0.41
N006 0.6D+W+H »-X 0.6973 -0.0079 0.41
N006 D+F 0.2007 -0.0131 0.70
N006 D+H+F+0.75(L+Lr) 0.5168 -0.0335 1.94
N006 D+H+F+0.75(L+S) 0.5005 -0.0361 2.03
N006 D+H+F+0.75(W+L+Lr) »+X 0.9448 -0.0335 1.93
N006 D+H+F+0.75(W+L+Lr) »-X 0.9495 -0.0335 1.93
N006 D+H+F+0.75(W+L+R) »+X 0.6287 -0.0131 0.69
N006 D+H+F+0.75(W+L+R) »-X 0.6334 -0.0131 0.69
N006 D+H+F+0.75(W+L+S) »+X 0.9285 -0.0361 2.02
N006 D+H+F+0.75(W+L+S) »-X 0.9331 -0.0361 2.02
N006 D+H+F+Lr 0.6222 -0.0403 2.35
N006 D+H+F+S 0.6004 -0.0437 2.47
N006 D+H+F+W »+X 0.7713 -0.0131 0.69
N006 D+H+F+W »-X 0.7776 -0.0131 0.69
N006 Dead Load 0.2007 -0.0131 0.70
N006 Roof Live Load 0.4215 -0.0271 1.65
N006 Snow Unbalanced 0.3997 -0.0306 1.77
N006 Wind Load (+) 0.5769 -0.0000 -0.01
N006 Wind Load (-) 0.5706 -0.0000 -0.01
N007 0.6D+W+H »+X 0.0000 -0.0009 -0.04
N007 0.6D+W+H »-X 0.0000 -0.0009 -0.07
N007 D+F 0.0000 -0.0015 -0.01
N007 D+H+F+0.75(L+Lr) 0.0000 -0.0039 -0.02
N007 D+H+F+0.75(L+S) 0.0000 -0.0042 -0.02
N007 D+H+F+0.75(W+L+Lr) »+X 0.0000 -0.0039 -0.04
N007 D+H+F+0.75(W+L+Lr) »-X 0.0000 -0.0039 -0.06
N007 D+H+F+0.75(W+L+R) »+X 0.0000 -0.0015 -0.03
N007 D+H+F+0.75(W+L+R) »-X 0.0000 -0.0015 -0.05
N007 D+H+F+0.75(W+L+S) »+X 0.0000 -0.0042 -0.04
N007 D+H+F+0.75(W+L+S) »-X 0.0000 -0.0042 -0.06
N007 D+H+F+Lr 0.0000 -0.0046 -0.02
N007 D+H+F+S 0.0000 -0.0050 -0.02
N007 D+H+F+W »+X 0.0000 -0.0015 -0.04
N007 D+H+F+W »-X 0.0000 -0.0015 -0.07
N007 Dead Load 0.0000 -0.0015 -0.01
N007 Roof Live Load 0.0000 -0.0031 -0.01
N007 Wind Load (+) 0.0000 -0.0000 -0.06
N007 Wind Load (-) 0.0000 -0.0000 -0.03
N008 0.6D+W+H »+X -0.0000 -0.0000 0.02
N008 0.6D+W+H »-X -0.0000 -0.0000 0.03
N008 D+F -0.0000 -0.0000 0.00
N008 D+H+F+0.75(L+Lr) -0.0000 -0.0000 0.01
N008 D+H+F+0.75(L+S) -0.0000 -0.0000 0.01
N008 D+H+F+0.75(W+L+Lr) »+X -0.0000 -0.0000 0.02
N008 D+H+F+0.75(W+L+Lr) »-X -0.0000 -0.0000 0.03
N008 D+H+F+0.75(W+L+R) »+X -0.0000 -0.0000 0.02
N008 D+H+F+0.75(W+L+R) »-X -0.0000 -0.0000 0.03
N008 D+H+F+0.75(W+L+S) »+X -0.0000 -0.0000 0.02
N008 D+H+F+0.75(W+L+S) »-X -0.0000 -0.0000 0.03
N008 D+H+F+Lr -0.0000 -0.0000 0.01
N008 D+H+F+S -0.0000 -0.0000 0.01
N008 D+H+F+W »+X -0.0000 -0.0000 0.02
N008 D+H+F+W »-X -0.0000 -0.0000 0.03
N008 Dead Load -0.0000 -0.0000 0.00
N008 Roof Live Load -0.0000 -0.0000 0.01
N008 Wind Load (+) -0.0000 -0.0000 0.03
N008 Wind Load (-) -0.0000 -0.0000 0.02
N009 0.6D+W+H »+X 0.5807 -0.8693 0.00
N009 0.6D+W+H »-X 0.5807 -0.8907 0.00
N009 D+F -0.0012 -1.5101 0.00
N009 D+H+F+0.75(L+Lr) 0.0002 -3.8376 0.00
N009 D+H+F+0.75(L+S) 0.0577 -3.7214 0.00
N009 D+H+F+0.75(W+L+Lr) »+X 0.4363 -3.8101 0.00
N009 D+H+F+0.75(W+L+Lr) »-X 0.4363 -3.8261 0.00
N009 D+H+F+0.75(W+L+R) »+X 0.4349 -1.4825 0.00
N009 D+H+F+0.75(W+L+R) »-X 0.4349 -1.4985 0.00
N009 D+H+F+0.75(W+L+S) »+X 0.4937 -3.6939 0.00
N009 D+H+F+0.75(W+L+S) »-X 0.4937 -3.7099 0.00
N009 D+H+F+Lr 0.0007 -4.6134 0.00
N009 D+H+F+S 0.0773 -4.4586 0.00
N009 D+H+F+W »+X 0.5802 -1.4734 0.00
N009 D+H+F+W »-X 0.5802 -1.4947 0.00
N009 Dead Load -0.0012 -1.5101 0.00
N009 Roof Live Load 0.0019 -3.1034 0.00
N009 Wind Load (+) 0.5814 0.0154 0.00
N009 Wind Load (-) 0.5814 0.0367 0.00
N014 0.6D+W+H »+X 0.5854 -0.5194 -0.25
N014 0.6D+W+H »-X 0.5825 -0.5309 -0.26
N014 D+F -0.0016 -0.8985 -0.44
N014 D+H+F+0.75(L+Lr) -0.0032 -2.2965 -1.15
N014 D+H+F+0.75(L+S) -0.0454 -2.0011 -1.00
N014 D+H+F+0.75(W+L+Lr) »+X 0.4366 -2.2818 -1.14
N014 D+H+F+0.75(W+L+Lr) »-X 0.4344 -2.2904 -1.15
N014 D+H+F+0.75(W+L+R) »+X 0.4382 -0.8837 -0.43
N014 D+H+F+0.75(W+L+R) »-X 0.4360 -0.8923 -0.43
N014 D+H+F+0.75(W+L+S) »+X 0.3944 -1.9864 -0.99
N014 D+H+F+0.75(W+L+S) »-X 0.3923 -1.9949 -0.99
N014 D+H+F+Lr -0.0037 -2.7625 -1.39
N014 D+H+F+S -0.0599 -2.3687 -1.18
N014 D+H+F+W »+X 0.5848 -0.8788 -0.43
N014 D+H+F+W »-X 0.5819 -0.8903 -0.43
N014 Dead Load -0.0016 -0.8985 -0.44
N014 Roof Live Load -0.0021 -1.8641 -0.95
N014 Wind Load (+) 0.5835 0.0082 0.00
N014 Wind Load (-) 0.5864 0.0197 0.01
N019 0.6D+W+H »+X 0.6169 -0.7638 -0.04
N019 0.6D+W+H »-X 0.6157 -0.7811 -0.05
N019 D+F 0.0558 -1.3227 -0.08
N019 D+H+F+0.75(L+Lr) 0.1427 -3.3636 -0.14
N019 D+H+F+0.75(L+S) 0.1161 -3.0355 -0.24
N019 D+H+F+0.75(W+L+Lr) »+X 0.5803 -3.3412 -0.14
N019 D+H+F+0.75(W+L+Lr) »-X 0.5794 -3.3542 -0.14
N019 D+H+F+0.75(W+L+R) »+X 0.4934 -1.3003 -0.08
N019 D+H+F+0.75(W+L+R) »-X 0.4925 -1.3134 -0.08
N019 D+H+F+0.75(W+L+S) »+X 0.5537 -3.0131 -0.24
N019 D+H+F+0.75(W+L+S) »-X 0.5528 -3.0261 -0.24
N019 D+H+F+Lr 0.1717 -4.0439 -0.16
N019 D+H+F+S 0.1362 -3.6064 -0.29
N019 D+H+F+W »+X 0.6392 -1.2929 -0.08
N019 D+H+F+W »-X 0.6381 -1.3102 -0.08
N019 Dead Load 0.0558 -1.3227 -0.08
N019 Roof Live Load 0.1159 -2.7212 -0.08
N019 Wind Load (+) 0.5822 0.0125 0.00
N019 Wind Load (-) 0.5834 0.0299 0.00
N024 0.6D+W+H »+X 0.6108 -0.8604 -0.08
N024 0.6D+W+H »-X 0.6106 -0.8808 -0.08
N024 D+F 0.0483 -1.4924 -0.14
N024 D+H+F+0.75(L+Lr) 0.1250 -3.7953 -0.53
N024 D+H+F+0.75(L+S) 0.1340 -3.5329 -0.37
N024 D+H+F+0.75(W+L+Lr) »+X 0.5614 -3.7690 -0.53
N024 D+H+F+0.75(W+L+Lr) »-X 0.5612 -3.7843 -0.53
N024 D+H+F+0.75(W+L+R) »+X 0.4847 -1.4661 -0.13
N024 D+H+F+0.75(W+L+R) »-X 0.4845 -1.4814 -0.14
N024 D+H+F+0.75(W+L+S) »+X 0.5704 -3.5066 -0.37
N024 D+H+F+0.75(W+L+S) »-X 0.5702 -3.5219 -0.37
N024 D+H+F+Lr 0.1505 -4.5630 -0.67
N024 D+H+F+S 0.1626 -4.2130 -0.44
N024 D+H+F+W »+X 0.6302 -1.4574 -0.13
N024 D+H+F+W »-X 0.6299 -1.4778 -0.14
N024 Dead Load 0.0483 -1.4924 -0.14
N024 Roof Live Load 0.1023 -3.0705 -0.53
N024 Wind Load (+) 0.5816 0.0147 0.00
N024 Wind Load (-) 0.5819 0.0351 0.00
N035 0.6D+W+H »+X 0.5513 -0.8633 0.07
N035 0.6D+W+H »-X 0.5516 -0.8838 0.07
N035 D+F -0.0494 -1.4975 0.11
N035 D+H+F+0.75(L+Lr) -0.1210 -3.8065 0.45
N035 D+H+F+0.75(L+S) -0.1073 -3.8217 0.98
N035 D+H+F+0.75(W+L+Lr) »+X 0.3147 -3.7801 0.45
N035 D+H+F+0.75(W+L+Lr) »-X 0.3149 -3.7954 0.45
N035 D+H+F+0.75(W+L+R) »+X 0.3863 -1.4712 0.11
N035 D+H+F+0.75(W+L+R) »-X 0.3865 -1.4865 0.11
N035 D+H+F+0.75(W+L+S) »+X 0.3284 -3.7953 0.98
N035 D+H+F+0.75(W+L+S) »-X 0.3286 -3.8107 0.98
N035 D+H+F+Lr -0.1449 -4.5761 0.56
N035 D+H+F+S -0.1266 -4.5964 1.27
N035 D+H+F+W »+X 0.5315 -1.4624 0.11
N035 D+H+F+W »-X 0.5318 -1.4828 0.11
N035 Dead Load -0.0494 -1.4975 0.11
N035 Roof Live Load -0.0955 -3.0786 0.44
N035 Wind Load (+) 0.5812 0.0147 -0.00
N035 Wind Load (-) 0.5809 0.0352 -0.00
N040 0.6D+W+H »+X 0.5428 -0.7810 0.05
N040 0.6D+W+H »-X 0.5439 -0.7987 0.05
N040 D+F -0.0612 -1.3523 0.08
N040 D+H+F+0.75(L+Lr) -0.1492 -3.4352 0.18
N040 D+H+F+0.75(L+S) -0.1620 -3.5091 -0.01
N040 D+H+F+0.75(W+L+Lr) »+X 0.2854 -3.4124 0.18
N040 D+H+F+0.75(W+L+Lr) »-X 0.2863 -3.4256 0.18
N040 D+H+F+0.75(W+L+R) »+X 0.3734 -1.3295 0.08
N040 D+H+F+0.75(W+L+R) »-X 0.3742 -1.3427 0.08
N040 D+H+F+0.75(W+L+S) »+X 0.2726 -3.4864 -0.01
N040 D+H+F+0.75(W+L+S) »-X 0.2734 -3.4996 -0.01
N040 D+H+F+Lr -0.1785 -4.1295 0.21
N040 D+H+F+S -0.1956 -4.2281 -0.03
N040 D+H+F+W »+X 0.5183 -1.3219 0.08
N040 D+H+F+W »-X 0.5194 -1.3396 0.08
N040 Dead Load -0.0612 -1.3523 0.08
N040 Roof Live Load -0.1173 -2.7772 0.13
N040 Wind Load (+) 0.5806 0.0127 -0.00
N040 Wind Load (-) 0.5795 0.0303 -0.00
N045 0.6D+W+H »+X 0.5646 -0.5764 0.20
N045 0.6D+W+H »-X 0.5673 -0.5886 0.20
N045 D+F -0.0203 -0.9956 0.35
N045 D+H+F+0.75(L+Lr) -0.0439 -2.5329 0.85
N045 D+H+F+0.75(L+S) -0.0758 -2.6329 0.89
N045 D+H+F+0.75(W+L+Lr) »+X 0.3887 -2.5172 0.84
N045 D+H+F+0.75(W+L+Lr) »-X 0.3907 -2.5263 0.84
N045 D+H+F+0.75(W+L+R) »+X 0.4123 -0.9798 0.34
N045 D+H+F+0.75(W+L+R) »-X 0.4143 -0.9890 0.34
N045 D+H+F+0.75(W+L+S) »+X 0.3568 -2.6171 0.89
N045 D+H+F+0.75(W+L+S) »-X 0.3588 -2.6263 0.89
N045 D+H+F+Lr -0.0518 -3.0453 1.01
N045 D+H+F+S -0.0943 -3.1786 1.08
N045 D+H+F+W »+X 0.5565 -0.9746 0.34
N045 D+H+F+W »-X 0.5592 -0.9868 0.34
N045 Dead Load -0.0203 -0.9956 0.35
N045 Roof Live Load -0.0315 -2.0498 0.67
N045 Wind Load (+) 0.5795 0.0088 -0.00
N045 Wind Load (-) 0.5768 0.0210 -0.01
N054 0.6D+W+H »+X 0.5124 -0.6661 -0.08
N054 0.6D+W+H »-X 0.5082 -0.6803 -0.08
N054 D+F -0.1272 -1.1510 -0.14
N054 D+H+F+0.75(L+Lr) -0.3202 -2.9223 -0.59
N054 D+H+F+0.75(L+S) -0.3400 -2.5943 -0.54
N054 D+H+F+0.75(W+L+Lr) »+X 0.1214 -2.9040 -0.58
N054 D+H+F+0.75(W+L+Lr) »-X 0.1182 -2.9146 -0.59
N054 D+H+F+0.75(W+L+R) »+X 0.3144 -1.1326 -0.13
N054 D+H+F+0.75(W+L+R) »-X 0.3112 -1.1433 -0.13
N054 D+H+F+0.75(W+L+S) »+X 0.1015 -2.5759 -0.53
N054 D+H+F+0.75(W+L+S) »-X 0.0983 -2.5866 -0.53
N054 D+H+F+Lr -0.3845 -3.5128 -0.74
N054 D+H+F+S -0.4110 -3.0754 -0.67
N054 D+H+F+W »+X 0.4616 -1.1264 -0.13
N054 D+H+F+W »-X 0.4573 -1.1407 -0.13
N054 Dead Load -0.1272 -1.1510 -0.14
N054 Roof Live Load -0.2573 -2.3619 -0.60
N054 Wind Load (+) 0.5845 0.0103 0.00
N054 Wind Load (-) 0.5887 0.0245 0.01
N059 0.6D+W+H »+X 0.5414 -0.8235 -0.09
N059 0.6D+W+H »-X 0.5387 -0.8422 -0.09
N059 D+F -0.0745 -1.4261 -0.15
N059 D+H+F+0.75(L+Lr) -0.1861 -3.6215 -0.25
N059 D+H+F+0.75(L+S) -0.2248 -3.3142 -0.30
N059 D+H+F+0.75(W+L+Lr) »+X 0.2535 -3.5973 -0.25
N059 D+H+F+0.75(W+L+Lr) »-X 0.2515 -3.6114 -0.25
N059 D+H+F+0.75(W+L+R) »+X 0.3651 -1.4020 -0.15
N059 D+H+F+0.75(W+L+R) »-X 0.3630 -1.4160 -0.15
N059 D+H+F+0.75(W+L+S) »+X 0.2148 -3.2901 -0.30
N059 D+H+F+0.75(W+L+S) »-X 0.2127 -3.3041 -0.30
N059 D+H+F+Lr -0.2233 -4.3532 -0.29
N059 D+H+F+S -0.2749 -3.9436 -0.35
N059 D+H+F+W »+X 0.5116 -1.3939 -0.15
N059 D+H+F+W »-X 0.5089 -1.4127 -0.15
N059 Dead Load -0.0745 -1.4261 -0.15
N059 Roof Live Load -0.1488 -2.9271 -0.14
N059 Wind Load (+) 0.5834 0.0135 0.00
N059 Wind Load (-) 0.5861 0.0322 0.00
N065 0.6D+W+H »+X 0.5701 -0.8803 0.00
N065 0.6D+W+H »-X 0.5692 -0.9012 0.00
N065 D+F -0.0214 -1.5270 0.01
N065 D+H+F+0.75(L+Lr) -0.0503 -3.8747 -0.03
N065 D+H+F+0.75(L+S) -0.1018 -3.6809 -0.09
N065 D+H+F+0.75(W+L+Lr) »+X 0.3869 -3.8478 -0.03
N065 D+H+F+0.75(W+L+Lr) »-X 0.3862 -3.8635 -0.03
N065 D+H+F+0.75(W+L+R) »+X 0.4158 -1.5000 0.01
N065 D+H+F+0.75(W+L+R) »-X 0.4151 -1.5157 0.01
N065 D+H+F+0.75(W+L+S) »+X 0.3354 -3.6540 -0.09
N065 D+H+F+0.75(W+L+S) »-X 0.3348 -3.6697 -0.09
N065 D+H+F+Lr -0.0600 -4.6573 -0.04
N065 D+H+F+S -0.1286 -4.3989 -0.13
N065 D+H+F+W »+X 0.5616 -1.4911 0.01
N065 D+H+F+W »-X 0.5607 -1.5119 0.01
N065 Dead Load -0.0214 -1.5270 0.01
N065 Roof Live Load -0.0386 -3.1303 -0.05
N065 Wind Load (+) 0.5821 0.0150 0.00
N065 Wind Load (-) 0.5830 0.0359 0.00
N070 0.6D+W+H »+X 0.5913 -0.8803 -0.00
N070 0.6D+W+H »-X 0.5922 -0.9012 -0.00
N070 D+F 0.0190 -1.5271 -0.00
N070 D+H+F+0.75(L+Lr) 0.0523 -3.8746 0.03
N070 D+H+F+0.75(L+S) 0.0013 -3.8299 -0.03
N070 D+H+F+0.75(W+L+Lr) »+X 0.4871 -3.8476 0.03
N070 D+H+F+0.75(W+L+Lr) »-X 0.4878 -3.8633 0.03
N070 D+H+F+0.75(W+L+R) »+X 0.4539 -1.5002 -0.01
N070 D+H+F+0.75(W+L+R) »-X 0.4546 -1.5158 -0.01
N070 D+H+F+0.75(W+L+S) »+X 0.4362 -3.8030 -0.03
N070 D+H+F+0.75(W+L+S) »-X 0.4369 -3.8187 -0.03
N070 D+H+F+Lr 0.0633 -4.6571 0.04
N070 D+H+F+S -0.0045 -4.5976 -0.04
N070 D+H+F+W »+X 0.5989 -1.4912 -0.01
N070 D+H+F+W »-X 0.5998 -1.5121 -0.01
N070 Dead Load 0.0190 -1.5271 -0.00
N070 Roof Live Load 0.0443 -3.1300 0.05
N070 Wind Load (+) 0.5807 0.0150 -0.00
N070 Wind Load (-) 0.5798 0.0359 -0.00
N076 0.6D+W+H »+X 0.6196 -0.8250 0.08
N076 0.6D+W+H »-X 0.6223 -0.8436 0.09
N076 D+F 0.0715 -1.4285 0.14
N076 D+H+F+0.75(L+Lr) 0.1863 -3.6250 0.25
N076 D+H+F+0.75(L+S) 0.1456 -3.6810 0.21
N076 D+H+F+0.75(W+L+Lr) »+X 0.6188 -3.6010 0.24
N076 D+H+F+0.75(W+L+Lr) »-X 0.6209 -3.6150 0.25
N076 D+H+F+0.75(W+L+R) »+X 0.5040 -1.4044 0.14
N076 D+H+F+0.75(W+L+R) »-X 0.5061 -1.4184 0.14
N076 D+H+F+0.75(W+L+S) »+X 0.5781 -3.6569 0.21
N076 D+H+F+0.75(W+L+S) »-X 0.5801 -3.6709 0.21
N076 D+H+F+Lr 0.2246 -4.3572 0.28
N076 D+H+F+S 0.1702 -4.4318 0.23
N076 D+H+F+W »+X 0.6482 -1.3964 0.14
N076 D+H+F+W »-X 0.6509 -1.4150 0.14
N076 Dead Load 0.0715 -1.4285 0.14
N076 Roof Live Load 0.1531 -2.9288 0.14
N076 Wind Load (+) 0.5794 0.0134 -0.00
N076 Wind Load (-) 0.5767 0.0321 -0.00
N081 0.6D+W+H »+X 0.6482 -0.6704 0.08
N081 0.6D+W+H »-X 0.6524 -0.6844 0.08
N081 D+F 0.1235 -1.1575 0.14
N081 D+H+F+0.75(L+Lr) 0.3186 -2.9357 0.59
N081 D+H+F+0.75(L+S) 0.2871 -3.0342 0.59
N081 D+H+F+0.75(W+L+Lr) »+X 0.7492 -2.9176 0.58
N081 D+H+F+0.75(W+L+Lr) »-X 0.7524 -2.9281 0.58
N081 D+H+F+0.75(W+L+R) »+X 0.5541 -1.1394 0.13
N081 D+H+F+0.75(W+L+R) »-X 0.5573 -1.1499 0.13
N081 D+H+F+0.75(W+L+S) »+X 0.7176 -3.0161 0.59
N081 D+H+F+0.75(W+L+S) »-X 0.7208 -3.0266 0.59
N081 D+H+F+Lr 0.3837 -3.5284 0.74
N081 D+H+F+S 0.3416 -3.6598 0.74
N081 D+H+F+W »+X 0.6976 -1.1334 0.13
N081 D+H+F+W »-X 0.7019 -1.1474 0.13
N081 Dead Load 0.1235 -1.1575 0.14
N081 Roof Live Load 0.2601 -2.3709 0.60
N081 Wind Load (+) 0.5783 0.0101 -0.00
N081 Wind Load (-) 0.5741 0.0241 -0.01
N082 0.6D+W+H »+X 0.0354 -0.0015 -0.17
N082 0.6D+W+H »-X 0.0208 -0.0015 -0.10
N082 D+F -0.0035 -0.0025 0.02
N082 D+H+F+0.75(L+Lr) -0.0088 -0.0062 0.05
N082 D+H+F+0.75(L+S) -0.0085 -0.0049 0.04
N082 D+H+F+0.75(W+L+Lr) »+X 0.0193 -0.0062 -0.09
N082 D+H+F+0.75(W+L+Lr) »-X 0.0084 -0.0062 -0.04
N082 D+H+F+0.75(W+L+R) »+X 0.0247 -0.0025 -0.12
N082 D+H+F+0.75(W+L+R) »-X 0.0137 -0.0025 -0.07
N082 D+H+F+0.75(W+L+S) »+X 0.0196 -0.0049 -0.09
N082 D+H+F+0.75(W+L+S) »-X 0.0087 -0.0049 -0.04
N082 D+H+F+Lr -0.0106 -0.0074 0.05
N082 D+H+F+S -0.0102 -0.0057 0.05
N082 D+H+F+W »+X 0.0340 -0.0025 -0.17
N082 D+H+F+W »-X 0.0195 -0.0025 -0.10
N082 Dead Load -0.0035 -0.0025 0.02
N082 Roof Live Load -0.0071 -0.0050 0.04
N082 Wind Load (+) 0.0229 0.0000 -0.11
N082 Wind Load (-) 0.0375 0.0000 -0.18
N083 0.6D+W+H »+X 0.4218 0.1549 -0.39
N083 0.6D+W+H »-X 0.4145 0.1585 -0.40
N083 D+F -0.2869 0.2684 -0.67
N083 D+H+F+0.75(L+Lr) -0.7349 0.6999 -1.74
N083 D+H+F+0.75(L+S) -0.6866 0.5975 -1.48
N083 D+H+F+0.75(W+L+Lr) »+X -0.2894 0.6952 -1.73
N083 D+H+F+0.75(W+L+Lr) »-X -0.2949 0.6979 -1.73
N083 D+H+F+0.75(W+L+R) »+X 0.1585 0.2638 -0.66
N083 D+H+F+0.75(W+L+R) »-X 0.1531 0.2665 -0.66
N083 D+H+F+0.75(W+L+S) »+X -0.2411 0.5928 -1.47
N083 D+H+F+0.75(W+L+S) »-X -0.2466 0.5955 -1.48
N083 D+H+F+Lr -0.8842 0.8437 -2.10
N083 D+H+F+S -0.8198 0.7071 -1.76
N083 D+H+F+W »+X 0.3070 0.2623 -0.65
N083 D+H+F+W »-X 0.2997 0.2659 -0.66
N083 Dead Load -0.2869 0.2684 -0.67
N083 Roof Live Load -0.5973 0.5752 -1.43
N083 Snow Unbalanced -0.5329 0.4387 -1.09
N083 Wind Load (+) 0.5866 -0.0026 0.01
N083 Wind Load (-) 0.5939 -0.0062 0.01
N084 0.6D+W+H »+X 0.7401 0.1602 0.40
N084 0.6D+W+H »-X 0.7473 0.1635 0.41
N084 D+F 0.2851 0.2763 0.69
N084 D+H+F+0.75(L+Lr) 0.7490 0.7623 1.89
N084 D+H+F+0.75(L+S) 0.7435 0.7967 1.98
N084 D+H+F+0.75(W+L+Lr) »+X 1.1758 0.7582 1.88
N084 D+H+F+0.75(W+L+Lr) »-X 1.1812 0.7606 1.88
N084 D+H+F+0.75(W+L+R) »+X 0.7119 0.2721 0.68
N084 D+H+F+0.75(W+L+R) »-X 0.7173 0.2746 0.68
N084 D+H+F+0.75(W+L+S) »+X 1.1702 0.7926 1.97
N084 D+H+F+0.75(W+L+S) »-X 1.1756 0.7950 1.97
N084 D+H+F+Lr 0.9036 0.9243 2.29
N084 D+H+F+S 0.8962 0.9702 2.40
N084 D+H+F+W »+X 0.8542 0.2708 0.68
N084 D+H+F+W »-X 0.8613 0.2740 0.68
N084 Dead Load 0.2851 0.2763 0.69
N084 Roof Live Load 0.6185 0.6481 1.60
N084 Snow Unbalanced 0.6111 0.6939 1.72
N084 Wind Load (+) 0.5762 -0.0023 -0.01
N084 Wind Load (-) 0.5690 -0.0055 -0.01
N085 0.6D+W+H »+X 0.0204 -0.0015 -0.10
N085 0.6D+W+H »-X 0.0349 -0.0015 -0.17
N085 D+F 0.0034 -0.0025 -0.02
N085 D+H+F+0.75(L+Lr) 0.0087 -0.0062 -0.04
N085 D+H+F+0.75(L+S) 0.0085 -0.0067 -0.04
N085 D+H+F+0.75(W+L+Lr) »+X 0.0225 -0.0062 -0.11
N085 D+H+F+0.75(W+L+Lr) »-X 0.0334 -0.0062 -0.17
N085 D+H+F+0.75(W+L+R) »+X 0.0171 -0.0025 -0.09
N085 D+H+F+0.75(W+L+R) »-X 0.0281 -0.0025 -0.14
N085 D+H+F+0.75(W+L+S) »+X 0.0222 -0.0067 -0.11
N085 D+H+F+0.75(W+L+S) »-X 0.0331 -0.0067 -0.16
N085 D+H+F+Lr 0.0105 -0.0074 -0.05
N085 D+H+F+S 0.0101 -0.0081 -0.05
N085 D+H+F+W »+X 0.0217 -0.0025 -0.11
N085 D+H+F+W »-X 0.0363 -0.0025 -0.18
N085 Dead Load 0.0034 -0.0025 -0.02
N085 Roof Live Load 0.0071 -0.0050 -0.04
N085 Wind Load (+) 0.0329 -0.0000 -0.16
N085 Wind Load (-) 0.0183 -0.0000 -0.09
————————————————————————————————————————————————————————
Member Unity Checks

———————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————
Unity Member Status Model Shape Design Shape Messages?
———————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————
0.50 P2-Dry Designed 3plyX8 3plyX8 None

0.45 P1-Dry Designed 3plyX8 3plyX8 None
0.32 P2-Wet Designed 3plyX8 3plyX8 None
0.31 P1-Wet Designed 3plyX8 3plyX8 None
———————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————
Design Group Results

NDS Wood Design Checks: Post Above Grade
Designed As: 3plyX8
Extreme Checks Only
Combined Stresses Check:

Member Result fa fb1 fb2 Fa' Fb1' Fb2' Unity
Name Case psf psf psf psf psf psf Check
P1-Dry 18.01 8322 79967 0 96370 378786 399168 0.24
P1-Dry 19.01 8322 49834 0 96370 378786 399168 0.15
P1-Dry 20.01 13870 10171 0 89881 213417 224532 0.08
P1-Dry 21.01 35059 25870 0 94171 296173 311850 0.27
P1-Dry 22.01 27823 25058 0 93253 272543 286902 0.22
P1-Dry 23.01 34749 49903 0 96370 378786 399168 0.33
P1-Dry 24.01 34749 24624 0 96370 378786 399168 0.23
P1-Dry 25.01 13870 54381 0 96370 378786 399168 0.19
P1-Dry 26.01 13870 31782 0 96370 378786 399168 0.12
P1-Dry 27.01 27503 49575 0 96370 378786 399168 0.26
P1-Dry 28.01 27514 24267 0 96370 378786 399168 0.17
P1-Dry 29.01 42122 31103 0 94171 296173 311850 0.38
P1-Dry 30.01 32475 30021 0 93253 272543 286902 0.28
P1-Dry 31.01 13870 75898 0 96370 378786 399168 0.25
P1-Dry 32.01 13870 45766 0 96370 378786 399168 0.16
P2-Dry 18.01 8319 52214 0 96370 378786 399168 0.16
P2-Dry 19.01 8319 82346 0 96370 378786 399168 0.24
P2-Dry 20.01 13865 9967 0 89881 213417 224532 0.08
P2-Dry 21.01 35054 25667 0 94171 296173 311850 0.27
P2-Dry 22.01 37778 24855 0 93253 272543 286902 0.31
P2-Dry 23.01 35054 60342 0 96370 378786 399168 0.37
P2-Dry 24.01 35054 82941 0 96370 378786 399168 0.46
P2-Dry 25.01 13865 44642 0 96370 378786 399168 0.16
P2-Dry 26.01 13865 67241 0 96370 378786 399168 0.23
P2-Dry 27.01 37778 59530 0 96370 378786 399168 0.40
P2-Dry 28.01 37778 82129 0 96370 378786 399168 0.50
P2-Dry 29.01 42117 30900 0 94171 296173 311850 0.38
P2-Dry 30.01 45749 29817 0 93253 272543 286902 0.44
P2-Dry 31.01 13865 56201 0 96370 378786 399168 0.19
P2-Dry 32.01 13865 86333 0 96370 378786 399168 0.28
Strong Flexure Check:

Member Result Offset fb Fb Fb' Unity
Name Case # ft psf psf psf Check
P1-Dry 18.01 0 -79967 216000 378786 0.21
P1-Dry 19.01 0 -49834 216000 378786 0.13
P1-Dry 20.01 0 10171 216000 213417 0.05
P1-Dry 21.01 0 25870 216000 296173 0.09
P1-Dry 22.01 0 25058 216000 272543 0.09
P1-Dry 23.01 9.28 49916 216000 378786 0.13
P1-Dry 24.01 8.96 24624 216000 378786 0.07
P1-Dry 25.01 0 -54381 216000 378786 0.14
P1-Dry 26.01 0 -31782 216000 378786 0.08
P1-Dry 27.01 9.28 49575 216000 378786 0.13
P1-Dry 28.01 8.96 24267 216000 378786 0.06
P1-Dry 29.01 0 31103 216000 296173 0.11
P1-Dry 30.01 0 30021 216000 272543 0.11
P1-Dry 31.01 0 -75898 216000 378786 0.20
P1-Dry 32.01 0 -45766 216000 378786 0.12
P2-Dry 18.01 0 -52214 216000 378786 0.14
P2-Dry 19.01 0 -82346 216000 378786 0.22
P2-Dry 20.01 0 -9967 216000 213417 0.05
P2-Dry 21.01 0 -25667 216000 296173 0.09
P2-Dry 22.01 0 -24855 216000 272543 0.09
P2-Dry 23.01 0 -60342 216000 378786 0.16
P2-Dry 24.01 0 -82941 216000 378786 0.22
P2-Dry 25.01 0 -44642 216000 378786 0.12
P2-Dry 26.01 0 -67241 216000 378786 0.18
P2-Dry 27.01 0 -59530 216000 378786 0.16
P2-Dry 28.01 0 -82129 216000 378786 0.22
P2-Dry 29.01 0 -30900 216000 296173 0.10
P2-Dry 30.01 0 -29817 216000 272543 0.11
P2-Dry 31.01 0 -56201 216000 378786 0.15
P2-Dry 32.01 0 -86333 216000 378786 0.23
Axial Check:
Member Result Offset Axial fa Fa Fa' CP Unity
Name Case # ft State psf psf psf Check
P1-Dry 18.01 0.00 Comp. -8322 237600 96370 0.25 0.09
P1-Dry 19.01 0.00 Comp. -8322 237600 96370 0.25 0.09
P1-Dry 20.01 0.00 Comp. -13870 237600 89881 0.42 0.15
P1-Dry 21.01 0.00 Comp. -35059 237600 94171 0.32 0.37
P1-Dry 22.01 0.00 Comp. -27823 237600 93253 0.34 0.30
P1-Dry 23.01 0.00 Comp. -35059 237600 96370 0.25 0.36
P1-Dry 24.01 0.00 Comp. -35059 237600 96370 0.25 0.36
P1-Dry 25.01 0.00 Comp. -13870 237600 96370 0.25 0.14
P1-Dry 26.01 0.00 Comp. -13870 237600 96370 0.25 0.14
P1-Dry 27.01 0.00 Comp. -27823 237600 96370 0.25 0.29
P1-Dry 28.01 0.00 Comp. -27823 237600 96370 0.25 0.29
P1-Dry 29.01 0.00 Comp. -42122 237600 94171 0.32 0.45
P1-Dry 30.01 0.00 Comp. -32475 237600 93253 0.34 0.35
P1-Dry 31.01 0.00 Comp. -13870 237600 96370 0.25 0.14
P1-Dry 32.01 0.00 Comp. -13870 237600 96370 0.25 0.14
P2-Dry 18.01 0.00 Comp. -8319 237600 96370 0.25 0.09
P2-Dry 19.01 0.00 Comp. -8319 237600 96370 0.25 0.09
P2-Dry 20.01 0.00 Comp. -13865 237600 89881 0.42 0.15
P2-Dry 21.01 0.00 Comp. -35054 237600 94171 0.32 0.37
P2-Dry 22.01 0.00 Comp. -37778 237600 93253 0.34 0.41
P2-Dry 23.01 0.00 Comp. -35054 237600 96370 0.25 0.36
P2-Dry 24.01 0.00 Comp. -35054 237600 96370 0.25 0.36
P2-Dry 25.01 0.00 Comp. -13865 237600 96370 0.25 0.14
P2-Dry 26.01 0.00 Comp. -13865 237600 96370 0.25 0.14
P2-Dry 27.01 0.00 Comp. -37778 237600 96370 0.25 0.39
P2-Dry 28.01 0.00 Comp. -37778 237600 96370 0.25 0.39
P2-Dry 29.01 0.00 Comp. -42117 237600 94171 0.32 0.45
P2-Dry 30.01 0.00 Comp. -45749 237600 93253 0.34 0.49
P2-Dry 31.01 0.00 Comp. -13865 237600 96370 0.25 0.14
P2-Dry 32.01 0.00 Comp. -13865 237600 96370 0.25 0.14
Strong Shear Check:

Member Result Offset fv Fv Fv' CD Unity
P1-Dry 18.01 0 4139 25200 40320 1.60 0.10
P1-Dry 19.01 0 2072 25200 40320 1.60 0.05
P1-Dry 21.01 0 242 25200 31500 1.25 0.01
P1-Dry 22.01 0 235 25200 28980 1.15 0.01
P1-Dry 23.01 0 2905 25200 40320 1.60 0.07
P1-Dry 24.01 0 1355 25200 40320 1.60 0.03
P1-Dry 25.01 0 3052 25200 40320 1.60 0.08
P1-Dry 26.01 0 1502 25200 40320 1.60 0.04
P1-Dry 27.01 0 2912 25200 40320 1.60 0.07
P1-Dry 28.01 0 1363 25200 40320 1.60 0.03
P1-Dry 29.01 0 291 25200 31500 1.25 0.01
P1-Dry 30.01 0 281 25200 28980 1.15 0.01
P1-Dry 31.01 0 4101 25200 40320 1.60 0.10
P1-Dry 32.01 0 2034 25200 40320 1.60 0.05
P2-Dry 18.01 0 1559 25200 40320 1.60 0.04
P2-Dry 19.01 0 3626 25200 40320 1.60 0.09
P2-Dry 21.01 0 240 25200 31500 1.25 0.01
P2-Dry 22.01 0 233 25200 28980 1.15 0.01
P2-Dry 23.01 0 1368 25200 40320 1.60 0.03
P2-Dry 24.01 0 2918 25200 40320 1.60 0.07
P2-Dry 25.01 0 1221 25200 40320 1.60 0.03
P2-Dry 26.01 0 2771 25200 40320 1.60 0.07
P2-Dry 27.01 0 1360 25200 40320 1.60 0.03
P2-Dry 28.01 0 2910 25200 40320 1.60 0.07
P2-Dry 29.01 0 289 25200 31500 1.25 0.01
P2-Dry 30.01 0 279 25200 28980 1.15 0.01
P2-Dry 31.01 0 1597 25200 40320 1.60 0.04
P2-Dry 32.01 0 3663 25200 40320 1.60 0.09
NDS Wood Design Checks: Post Below Grade
Designed As: 3plyX8
Extreme Checks Only
Combined Stresses Check:

Member Result fa fb1 fb2 Fa' Fb1' Fb2' Unity
Name Case psf psf psf psf psf psf Check
P1-Wet 18.01 8350 117545 0 327108 377552 399168 0.31
P1-Wet 19.01 8350 68651 0 327108 377552 399168 0.18
P1-Wet 20.01 13917 11035 0 198947 213057 224532 0.06
P1-Wet 21.01 35106 28069 0 266412 295449 311850 0.11
P1-Wet 22.01 27870 27188 0 247798 271937 286902 0.11
P1-Wet 23.01 35106 65056 0 327108 377552 399168 0.19
P1-Wet 24.01 35106 28385 0 327108 377552 399168 0.09
P1-Wet 25.01 13917 82090 0 327108 377552 399168 0.22
P1-Wet 26.01 13917 45419 0 327108 377552 399168 0.12
P1-Wet 27.01 27870 65937 0 327108 377552 399168 0.18
P1-Wet 28.01 27870 29266 0 327108 377552 399168 0.09
P1-Wet 29.01 42169 33747 0 266412 295449 311850 0.14
P1-Wet 30.01 32522 32572 0 247798 271937 286902 0.14
P1-Wet 31.01 13917 113131 0 327108 377552 399168 0.30
P1-Wet 32.01 13917 64237 0 327108 377552 399168 0.17
P2-Wet 18.01 8347 66372 0 327108 377552 399168 0.18
P2-Wet 19.01 8347 115267 0 327108 377552 399168 0.31
P2-Wet 20.01 13912 10815 0 198947 213057 224532 0.06
P2-Wet 21.01 35101 27848 0 266412 295449 311850 0.11
P2-Wet 22.01 37825 26967 0 247798 271937 286902 0.12
P2-Wet 23.01 35101 72761 0 327108 377552 399168 0.21
P2-Wet 24.01 35101 109432 0 327108 377552 399168 0.31
P2-Wet 25.01 13912 55727 0 327108 377552 399168 0.15
P2-Wet 26.01 13912 92398 0 327108 377552 399168 0.25
P2-Wet 27.01 37825 71880 0 327108 377552 399168 0.21
P2-Wet 28.01 37825 108551 0 327108 377552 399168 0.31
P2-Wet 29.01 42164 33526 0 266412 295449 311850 0.14
P2-Wet 30.01 45796 32352 0 247798 271937 286902 0.16
P2-Wet 31.01 13912 70698 0 327108 377552 399168 0.19
P2-Wet 32.01 13912 119592 0 327108 377552 399168 0.32
Strong Flexure Check:

Member Result Offset fb Fb Fb' Unity
P1-Wet 18.01 2.24 -117545 216000 377552 0.31
P1-Wet 19.01 2.24 -68651 216000 377552 0.18
P1-Wet 20.01 2.24 11035 216000 213057 0.05
P1-Wet 21.01 2.24 28069 216000 295449 0.10
P1-Wet 22.01 2.24 27188 216000 271937 0.10
P1-Wet 23.01 2.24 -65056 216000 377552 0.17
P1-Wet 24.01 2.24 -28385 216000 377552 0.08
P1-Wet 25.01 2.24 -82090 216000 377552 0.22
P1-Wet 26.01 2.24 -45419 216000 377552 0.12
P1-Wet 27.01 2.24 -65937 216000 377552 0.17
P1-Wet 28.01 2.24 -29266 216000 377552 0.08
P1-Wet 29.01 2.24 33747 216000 295449 0.11
P1-Wet 30.01 2.24 32572 216000 271937 0.12
P1-Wet 31.01 2.24 -113131 216000 377552 0.30
P1-Wet 32.01 2.24 -64237 216000 377552 0.17
P2-Wet 18.01 2.24 -66372 216000 377552 0.18
P2-Wet 19.01 2.24 -115267 216000 377552 0.31
P2-Wet 20.01 2.24 -10815 216000 213057 0.05
P2-Wet 21.01 2.24 -27848 216000 295449 0.09
P2-Wet 22.01 2.24 -26967 216000 271937 0.10
P2-Wet 23.01 2.24 -72761 216000 377552 0.19
P2-Wet 24.01 2.24 -109432 216000 377552 0.29
P2-Wet 25.01 2.24 -55727 216000 377552 0.15
P2-Wet 26.01 2.24 -92398 216000 377552 0.24
P2-Wet 27.01 2.24 -71880 216000 377552 0.19
P2-Wet 28.01 2.24 -108551 216000 377552 0.29
P2-Wet 29.01 2.24 -33526 216000 295449 0.11
P2-Wet 30.01 2.24 -32352 216000 271937 0.12
P2-Wet 31.01 2.24 -70698 216000 377552 0.19
P2-Wet 32.01 2.24 -119592 216000 377552 0.32
Axial Check:
Member Result Offset Axial fa Fa Fa' CP Unity
Name Case # ft State psf psf psf Check
P1-Wet 18.01 0.00 Comp. -8396 237600 327108 0.86 0.03
P1-Wet 19.01 0.00 Comp. -8396 237600 327108 0.86 0.03
P1-Wet 20.01 0.00 Comp. -13994 237600 198947 0.93 0.07
P1-Wet 21.01 0.00 Comp. -35184 237600 266412 0.90 0.13
P1-Wet 22.01 0.00 Comp. -27948 237600 247798 0.91 0.11
P1-Wet 23.01 0.00 Comp. -35184 237600 327108 0.86 0.11
P1-Wet 24.01 0.00 Comp. -35184 237600 327108 0.86 0.11
P1-Wet 25.01 0.00 Comp. -13994 237600 327108 0.86 0.04
P1-Wet 26.01 0.00 Comp. -13994 237600 327108 0.86 0.04
P1-Wet 27.01 0.00 Comp. -27948 237600 327108 0.86 0.09
P1-Wet 28.01 0.00 Comp. -27948 237600 327108 0.86 0.09
P1-Wet 29.01 0.00 Comp. -42247 237600 266412 0.90 0.16
P1-Wet 30.01 0.00 Comp. -32599 237600 247798 0.91 0.13
P1-Wet 31.01 0.00 Comp. -13994 237600 327108 0.86 0.04
P1-Wet 32.01 0.00 Comp. -13994 237600 327108 0.86 0.04
P2-Wet 18.01 0.00 Comp. -8393 237600 327108 0.86 0.03
P2-Wet 19.01 0.00 Comp. -8393 237600 327108 0.86 0.03
P2-Wet 20.01 0.00 Comp. -13989 237600 198947 0.93 0.07
P2-Wet 21.01 0.00 Comp. -35179 237600 266412 0.90 0.13
P2-Wet 22.01 0.00 Comp. -37902 237600 247798 0.91 0.15
P2-Wet 23.01 0.00 Comp. -35179 237600 327108 0.86 0.11
P2-Wet 24.01 0.00 Comp. -35179 237600 327108 0.86 0.11
P2-Wet 25.01 0.00 Comp. -13989 237600 327108 0.86 0.04
P2-Wet 26.01 0.00 Comp. -13989 237600 327108 0.86 0.04
P2-Wet 27.01 0.00 Comp. -37902 237600 327108 0.86 0.12
P2-Wet 28.01 0.00 Comp. -37902 237600 327108 0.86 0.12
P2-Wet 29.01 0.00 Comp. -42242 237600 266412 0.90 0.16
P2-Wet 30.01 0.00 Comp. -45874 237600 247798 0.91 0.19
P2-Wet 31.01 0.00 Comp. -13989 237600 327108 0.86 0.04
P2-Wet 32.01 0.00 Comp. -13989 237600 327108 0.86 0.04
Strong Shear Check:

Member Result Offset fv Fv Fv' CD Unity
P1-Wet 18.01 0 7860 25200 40320 1.60 0.19
P1-Wet 19.01 0 4591 25200 40320 1.60 0.11
P1-Wet 20.01 0 738 25200 22680 0.90 0.03
P1-Wet 21.01 0 1877 25200 31500 1.25 0.06
P1-Wet 22.01 0 1818 25200 28980 1.15 0.06
P1-Wet 23.01 0 4350 25200 40320 1.60 0.11
P1-Wet 24.01 0 1898 25200 40320 1.60 0.05
P1-Wet 25.01 0 5489 25200 40320 1.60 0.14
P1-Wet 26.01 0 3037 25200 40320 1.60 0.08
P1-Wet 27.01 0 4409 25200 40320 1.60 0.11
P1-Wet 28.01 0 1957 25200 40320 1.60 0.05
P1-Wet 29.01 0 2257 25200 31500 1.25 0.07
P1-Wet 30.01 0 2178 25200 28980 1.15 0.08
P1-Wet 31.01 0 7565 25200 40320 1.60 0.19
P1-Wet 32.01 0 4296 25200 40320 1.60 0.11
P2-Wet 18.01 0 4438 25200 40320 1.60 0.11
P2-Wet 19.01 0 7708 25200 40320 1.60 0.19
P2-Wet 20.01 0 723 25200 22680 0.90 0.03
P2-Wet 21.01 0 1862 25200 31500 1.25 0.06
P2-Wet 22.01 0 1803 25200 28980 1.15 0.06
P2-Wet 23.01 0 4866 25200 40320 1.60 0.12
P2-Wet 24.01 0 7318 25200 40320 1.60 0.18
P2-Wet 25.01 0 3727 25200 40320 1.60 0.09
P2-Wet 26.01 0 6179 25200 40320 1.60 0.15
P2-Wet 27.01 0 4807 25200 40320 1.60 0.12
P2-Wet 28.01 0 7259 25200 40320 1.60 0.18
P2-Wet 29.01 0 2242 25200 31500 1.25 0.07
P2-Wet 30.01 0 2163 25200 28980 1.15 0.07
P2-Wet 31.01 0 4728 25200 40320 1.60 0.12
P2-Wet 32.01 0 7997 25200 40320 1.60 0.20
Nodal Reactions
———————————————————————————————————————————————————————
Node Result Case Name FX FY MZ
lb lb lb-ft
———————————————————————————————————————————————————————
N001 0.6D+W+H »+X -1721.517 -NA- -NA-

N001 0.6D+W+H »-X -955.962 -NA- -NA-
N001 D+F 119.534 -NA- -NA-
N001 D+H+F+0.75(L+Lr) 304.039 -NA- -NA-
N001 D+H+F+0.75(L+S) 294.496 -NA- -NA-
N001 D+H+F+0.75(W+L+Lr) »+X -1040.889 -NA- -NA-
N001 D+H+F+0.75(W+L+Lr) »-X -466.723 -NA- -NA-
N001 D+H+F+0.75(W+L+R) »+X -1225.394 -NA- -NA-
N001 D+H+F+0.75(W+L+R) »-X -651.228 -NA- -NA-
N001 D+H+F+0.75(W+L+S) »+X -1050.432 -NA- -NA-
N001 D+H+F+0.75(W+L+S) »-X -476.266 -NA- -NA-
N001 D+H+F+Lr 365.541 -NA- -NA-
N001 D+H+F+S 352.817 -NA- -NA-
N001 D+H+F+W »+X -1673.703 -NA- -NA-
N001 D+H+F+W »-X -908.149 -NA- -NA-
N001 Dead Load 119.534 -NA- -NA-
N001 Roof Live Load 246.007 -NA- -NA-
N001 Snow Unbalanced 233.283 -NA- -NA-
N001 Wind Load (+) -1027.682 -NA- -NA-
N001 Wind Load (-) -1793.237 -NA- -NA-
N004 0.6D+W+H »+X 1127.711 1806.916 -NA-
N004 0.6D+W+H »-X 658.628 1806.916 -NA-
N004 D+F -105.873 3011.526 -NA-
N004 D+H+F+0.75(L+Lr) -269.292 7571.522 -NA-
N004 D+H+F+0.75(L+S) -260.839 6014.391 -NA-
N004 D+H+F+0.75(W+L+Lr) »+X 624.134 7571.522 -NA-
N004 D+H+F+0.75(W+L+Lr) »-X 272.322 7571.522 -NA-
N004 D+H+F+0.75(W+L+R) »+X 787.553 3011.526 -NA-
N004 D+H+F+0.75(W+L+R) »-X 435.741 3011.526 -NA-
N004 D+H+F+0.75(W+L+S) »+X 632.586 6014.391 -NA-
N004 D+H+F+0.75(W+L+S) »-X 280.774 6014.391 -NA-
N004 D+H+F+Lr -323.765 9091.521 -NA-
N004 D+H+F+S -312.495 7015.346 -NA-
N004 D+H+F+W »+X 1085.362 3011.526 -NA-
N004 D+H+F+W »-X 616.279 3011.526 -NA-
N004 Dead Load -105.873 3011.526 -NA-
N004 Roof Live Load -217.892 6079.995 -NA-
N004 Snow Unbalanced -206.622 4003.820 -NA-
N004 Wind Load (+) 722.151 -0.000 -NA-
N004 Wind Load (-) 1191.234 -0.000 -NA-
N007 0.6D+W+H »+X -860.494 -NA- -NA-
N007 0.6D+W+H »-X -1626.049 -NA- -NA-
N007 D+F -117.141 -NA- -NA-
N007 D+H+F+0.75(L+Lr) -301.647 -NA- -NA-
N007 D+H+F+0.75(L+S) -292.104 -NA- -NA-
N007 D+H+F+0.75(W+L+Lr) »+X -894.304 -NA- -NA-
N007 D+H+F+0.75(W+L+Lr) »-X -1468.470 -NA- -NA-
N007 D+H+F+0.75(W+L+R) »+X -709.799 -NA- -NA-
N007 D+H+F+0.75(W+L+R) »-X -1283.964 -NA- -NA-
N007 D+H+F+0.75(W+L+S) »+X -884.761 -NA- -NA-
N007 D+H+F+0.75(W+L+S) »-X -1458.927 -NA- -NA-
N007 D+H+F+Lr -363.148 -NA- -NA-
N007 D+H+F+S -350.425 -NA- -NA-
N007 D+H+F+W »+X -907.351 -NA- -NA-
N007 D+H+F+W »-X -1672.905 -NA- -NA-
N007 Dead Load -117.141 -NA- -NA-
N007 Roof Live Load -246.007 -NA- -NA-
N007 Snow Unbalanced -233.283 -NA- -NA-
N007 Wind Load (+) -1555.764 -NA- -NA-
N007 Wind Load (-) -790.210 -NA- -NA-
N008 0.6D+W+H »+X 636.765 1806.286 -NA-
N008 0.6D+W+H »-X 1105.847 1806.286 -NA-
N008 D+F 103.754 3010.477 -NA-
N008 D+H+F+0.75(L+Lr) 267.173 7570.473 -NA-
N008 D+H+F+0.75(L+S) 258.72 8156.638 -NA-
N008 D+H+F+0.75(W+L+Lr) »+X 698.057 7570.473 -NA-
N008 D+H+F+0.75(W+L+Lr) »-X 1049.869 7570.473 -NA-
N008 D+H+F+0.75(W+L+R) »+X 534.638 3010.477 -NA-
N008 D+H+F+0.75(W+L+R) »-X 886.45 3010.477 -NA-
N008 D+H+F+0.75(W+L+S) »+X 689.605 8156.638 -NA-
N008 D+H+F+0.75(W+L+S) »-X 1041.417 8156.638 -NA-
N008 D+H+F+Lr 321.646 9090.472 -NA-
N008 D+H+F+S 310.376 9872.025 -NA-
N008 D+H+F+W »+X 678.266 3010.477 -NA-
N008 D+H+F+W »-X 1147.349 3010.477 -NA-
N008 Dead Load 103.754 3010.477 -NA-
N008 Roof Live Load 217.892 6079.995 -NA-
N008 Snow Unbalanced 206.622 6861.548 -NA-
N008 Wind Load (+) 1043.595 0.000 -NA-
N008 Wind Load (-) 574.512 0.000 -NA-
APPENDIX B
FOUNDATION DESIGN
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NON CONSTRAI NED FOOTI NG WI TH BOTTOM CONCRETE COL L AR (EP 486.1)
VERTICAL REACTIONS HORIZONTAL REACTIONS MOMENTS
Dead Load (lbs) 3010 Dead Load (lbs) 0 Dead Load (ft-lbs) 0
LiveR Load (lbs) 6080 LiveR Load (lbs) 0 LiveR Load (ft-lbs) 0
Snow Load (lbs) 6862 Snow Load (lbs) 0 Snow Load (ft-lbs) 0
Wind Uplift (lbs) 2959 Wind Load (lbs) 602 Wind Load (ft-lbs) 1850
REACTI ONS
D 3010 D 0 D 0
D+Lr 9090 D+Lr 0 D+Lr 0
D+S 9872 D+S 0 D+S 0
W-0.6D (Uplift) 1153.458 D+W 602 D+W 1850
FI NAL REACTI ONS:
Vertical, P (lbs): 9872 Horizontal, V a (lbs): 602 Moment, M a (ft-lb): 1850
Uplift, Q (lbs): 1153.46
NON-CONSTRAI NED FOOTI NG WI TH BOTTOM CONCRETE COL L AR (ASAE EP486.1 2003)
Initial Allowable vertical soil pressure, Sv (psf) 2000 (EP486.1 Table 1, without the allowable increase factor)
Allowable lateral bearing soil pressure, S' (psf/ft) 200 (EP486.1 Table 1)
Actual post embedment depth, d (ft) 4
REQUI RED POST EMBEDMENT DEPTH AND UPLI FT RESI STANCE CALCULATI ON
Post Width (ft) 4.5

Collar width, w (in) 24
Collar thickness, tc (in) 24
Footing thickness, tf (in) 8
Concrete Density, C (pcf) 150
Soil Density, α (pcf) 105
Gravity Acceleration, G (lbf/lb) 1
Soil Friction Angle, q (deg) 26
Post Cross Section Area, A p (in2) 31 ASAE EP486.1, 2003 , FIG. 2
Enter d0/d ratio calculated d values below are equal 0.65
INTERMEDIATE CALCULATIONS
Collar width, w (ft) 2
Collar thickness, tc (ft) 2
Post bearing width, b (ft) 0.530
UPLIFT RESISTANCE
REQUIRED POST EMBEDMENT, d

(Shear Criterion) d 3.27 ft (Moment Criterion) d 3.27 ft
Requir ed post embedment, d 3.3 ft (based on shear and moment requirements)

Requir ed embedment < Actual Embedment Vertical allowable soil pressures are increased per EP486 Footnotes, Tab
SUMMARY
U= 2394.7 lbs > Q= 1153.5 lbs Depth Increase: 73.3 % Width Increase: 20.0 %
Sv = 3866.7 psf > Sa = 3142.4 psf S s = P/ π( w/2) 2
S v → ASAE EP486.1, 2003, Table 1
U=Uplift Resistance of Soil, Sv = Allowable Vertical Soil Pressure (including increases)
V a = Shear at Ground Surface, M a = Moment at Ground Surface, Q=Uplift at Ground Surface, Sa = Actual Vertical Soil Pressure
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APPENDIX C
PURLIN DESIGN
GIRT DESIGN
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APPENDIX D
DESIGN OF CRITICAL CONNECTIONS
Tr uss to Post Connection - Uplift - Ver tical Shear
Tributary Width (ft) bt 38 Half of building's length + overhang

L OAD
Truss Spacing (ft) st 8

Dead Load (psf) D 4.5 (50% of Design Dead Load)
Wind Load (psf) L 9.74
Net Uplift (lbs) 2139 ← (W-0.6D)(b t )(s t )
NAI L S - WOOD TO WOOD - SHEAR - NDS 2005, ASD
Nail Size 16d Intermediate Calculations
Number of nails # 10 KD 2.2
Nail Diameter (in) D 0.162 F yb (psi) 90000
Nail Length (in) L 3.5 2+R e = 3.0
Width of Side Member (in) w 1.5 1+2R e = 3.0
Width of Main Member (in) 1.5
AL L OWABL E CAPACI TY
w k1 = 1.05
Nail Penetration into main member (in) p 1.5 k2 = 1.09
Specific Gravity of Main Member G 0.55 F em = 5526
Specific Gravity of Side Member 0.55 F es = 5526
Duration Factor CD 1.6 (NDS 2005, Table 2.3.2) Re = 1.0
Wet Service Factor CM 1 p= 2.00
Temperature Factor Ct 1 1+R e = 2.0
Toe Nail Factor Ctn 1 Is 610
End Grain Factor Ceg 1 (NDS 2005, 11.5.2) IIIm 286
Depth Penetration Factor Cd 0.9259259 (Cd=p/10D) IIIs 222
Lateral Design Value (lbs) Z 154 (controlling yield value) IV 154
Total Allowable Lateral Capacity (lbs) Z' 2275 ← Z'=(# of Nails) x Z x C D x C d x C eg x C tn x C M x C t
PASS 2138.66 ÷ 2275 = 0.9399167 Unity Check < 1
Back
Tr uss to Post Connection - Hor izontal Shear at Fr ame 2, the Contr olling Fr ame for Hor izontal Shear
Load at Eave from Roof Alone, (lbs) Fr 840

Load Resisted by Diaphragm, (lbs) Q2 498
L OAD
Frame Deflection (in) Δ2 0.303

Frame Stiffness (lbf/in) k 133.3
Resistance at Eave from Post on Opposite Side (lbs) R2 20 ← R 2 = (k)( Δ2 )/2posts
Wind Shear at Top of Post (lbs) V2 -322 ← V 2 = Q 2 -F r +R 2
w k1 = 1.05
Nail Penetration into main member (in) p 1.5 k2 = 1.09
Depth Penetration Factor Cd 0.9259259 (Cd=p/10D) IIIs 222
PASS -322.17 ÷ 2275 = -0.141591 Unity Check < 1
Back
Tr uss to Glulam Header Connection - Uplift
Tributary Width (ft) bt 38 Half of building's length + overhang

L OAD
Truss Spacing (ft) st 8

Dead Load (psf) D 4.5 (50% of Design Dead Load)
Wind Load (psf) L 9.74
Net Uplift (lbs) 2139 ← (W-0.6D)(b t )(s t )
H10A Simpson Hur r icane Tie
Number of straps/brackets/hangers 2
Specific Gravity G 0.55
Duration Factor CD 1 C D is included by bracket manufacturer
Wet Service Factor CM 1
Design Value per strap/bracket/hanger 1140
Total Allowable Capacity (lbs) 2280
PASS 2138.66 ÷ 2280 = 0.9380078 Unity Check < 1
Ceiling L edger to Endwall Posts Connection - Shear Tr ansfer fr om Ceiling Diaphr agm to Endwall
Number of Endwall Posts 10

L OAD
Number of Nails per Post 4

Maximum Shear (lbs) V max 1704 (see Ceiling Diaphragm Shear Strength Check Section)
Width of Main Member (in) 7
w k1 = 1.05
Nail Penetration into main member (in) p 2 k2 = 1.09
Depth Penetration Factor Cd 1 (Cd=p/10D) IIIs 222
PASS 1704 ÷ 9830 = 0.173404 Unity Check < 1
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Bottom Gir t to Endwall Posts Connection - Shear Tr ansfer fr om Wall Sheathing to Endwall Posts

L OAD

Maximum Shear (lbs) V max 1776 (see Endwall Shear Strength Check Section)
w k1 = 1.05
Wet Service Factor CM 0.7 p= 2.00
PASS 1776 ÷ 6881 = 0.2580512 Unity Check < 1
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L OAD Pur lin to Pur lin Connection at Splice, Diaphr agm Tension Chor d
Tension Load in Diaphragm Chord (lbs) Tmax 535 ← Tension from Roof Diaphragm Chord Forces Section
HTP37Z Simpson Str ap
Duration Factor CD 1 C D is included by the manufacturer
PASS 534.716 ÷ 1850 = 0.2890357 Unity Check < 1
Ceiling Joist to Ceiling Joist Connection at Splice, Diaphr agm Tension Chor d
L OAD
M STA21 Simpson Str ap
PASS 556.996 ÷ 1505 = 0.370097 Unity Check < 1
Back
L OAD Pur lin to Endwall Tr uss Connection, Diaphr agm Tension Chor d
Width of Main Member (in) w 7 k1 = 1.05


Nail Size 60d RS nail Intermediate Calculations
Nail Length (in) L 6 2+R e = 3.0
Width of Main Member (in) w 5.5 k1 = 1.04
Nail Penetration into main member (in) 2.5
p k2 = 1.02
1229 + 284 = 1513 Unity Check < 1
PASS 535 ÷ 1513 = 0.3534128 Unity Check < 1

L OAD Pur lin to Endwall Tr uss Connection, Diaphr agm Tension Chor d - BL OCK I NG TO TRUSS
WOOD SCREWS - WI THDRAWAL - NDS 2005, ASD
Screw Size # 8
Number of screws # 4 (# of effective screwsn not total)
Screw Diameter (in) D 0.164 Note: if a certain adjustment factor is not shown, its
Screw Length (in) L 3 value is assumed to be 1.0
Width of Side Member (in) w 1.5

Screw Penetration into main member (in) p 1.5
Duration Factor CD 1.6 ← NDS 2005, Table 2.3.2
Toe Nail Factor Ctn 1
Temperature Factor Ct 1
Reference Withdrawal Design Value W 141 ← NDS 2005, Equation 11.2-2
Total Allowable Withdrawal Capacity (lbs) W' 1357 ← W'=(# of Screws) x Z x C D x C t x C tn x C M
534.716 ÷ 1357 = 0.3939471
Ceiling Joist to Cor ner Post Connection, Diaphr agm Tension Chor d
L OAD
w k1 = 1.05
PASS 556.996 ÷ 1474 = 0.377768 Unity Check < 1

APPENDI X E
DIAPHRAGM DESIGN WITH MINIMUM 10 PSF WIND REQUIREMENT
NOTE: The 10 psf minimum wind load applied to the vertical projection (per
ASCE 7-05 Section 6.1.4.1) controls the design of the MWFRS for this building as
shown in Section 2.5.4. The MWFRS is a combination of the roof diaphragm and
shearwalls, and the post-frame. The scope of this Appendix includes design checks
to show the adequacy of the diaphragm and shearwalls. The Visual Analysis model
was run again to check the post for increased lateral deflection at the eave and the
new unity check is 0.72. This step is not shown, but the procedure is identical to
the one used in Appendix A.
ASCE 7-05 L oad Calculations
Pr oj ect Name: 72'x120'x16' Post-Frame Building
L ocation: Dane County, Wisconsin
M ethod 2 - Analytical Pr ocedur e - L ow-Rise Building (ASCE 7-05, 6.5, 6.5.12.2.2)
Building I nputs: Calculation I nputs:
Length Parallel to Ridge, B 120 ft Basic Wind Speed, V 90 mph
Length Normal to Ridge, L 72 ft Topographic Factor, K zt 1.00
Wall Height, z 16 ft
Post Sidewall Spacing, s 8 ft
Post Endwall Spacing, s 8 ft Envelope: Enclosed Building
Building Midheight, h 21.25 ft Wind Directionality Factor 0.85
Roof Pitch (rise per 12 units of run) 3.5 Building Category II
Eave Overhang 2 ft Exposure Category B
Definitions:
Case A - Wind Direction Normal to Roof Ridge, Pressure Coefficients Vary With Roof Angle.
Case B - Wind Direction Parallel to Ridge, Pressure Coefficients are Constant for all Roof Angles.
Interior Zones - Zones 1 - 6 Below
Edge Zones - Zones 1E - 6E Below
Importance Factor, I 1.00 Table 6-1 Calculated Roof Angle 16.3 deg
Nom. Height of Atmospheric Boundary (zg) 1200 Internal Press. Coefficient, Gcpi 0.18 -0.18
Vel. Press. Exp. Coefficient, K z 0.635
3-s Gust Speed Power Law Exponent (α) 7 Velocity Pressure, qh 11.2 psf
Wind L oad Results:
A. M ain Wind For ce Resisting System: ASCE 7-05, Figur e 6-10 Equation: p = qh[(GCpf -(Gcpi )]
Case A Case B
P (psf) P (psf)
Gcpf I* II** III ~ Gcpf I* II** III ~
Zone 1: Windward Side Wall 0.50 3.6 7.6 5.6 0.40 2.5 6.5 4.5
Zone 2: Windward Roof -0.69 -9.7 -5.7 -7.7 -0.69 -9.7 -5.7 -7.7
Zone 3: Leeward Roof -0.45 -7.1 -3.1 -5.1 -0.37 -6.2 -2.1 -4.1
Zone 4: Leeward Side Wall -0.40 -6.4 -2.4 -4.4 -0.29 -5.3 -1.2 -3.2
Zone 5: Gable Wall -0.45 -7.0 -3.0 -5.0
Zone 6: Gable Wall -0.45 -7.0 -3.0 -5.0
Zone 1E: Windward Side Wall Edge 0.75 6.4 10.4 8.4 0.61 4.8 8.8 6.8
Zone 2E: Windward Roof Edge -1.07 -14.0 -10.0 -12.0 -1.07 -14.0 -10.0 -12.0
Zone 3E: Leeward Roof Edge -0.65 -9.3 -5.3 -7.3 -0.53 -7.9 -3.9 -5.9
Zone 4E: Leeward Side Wall Edge -0.59 -8.6 -4.6 -6.6 -0.43 -6.8 -2.8 -4.8
Wind load should not be less than 10 psf on vertical projection. (ASCE 7-05, 6.1.4.1)
Because the structure is less than 30ft high, the torsional cases 1T, 2T, 3T and 4T do not apply. (ASCE 7-05, Fig. 6-10, note 5)
B. Components and Cladding: ASCE 7-05, Figur e 6-11 Equation: p = qh[(Gcp)-(Gcpi)]

Note: Only negative loads are shown because they are larger than positive and so control the design.
Effective Wind
Component: Wall Girts Component: Roof Purlins
Ar ea: span length 2
multiplied by an Effective Area: 21.33 ft Effective Area: 21.33 ft2
effective width that Zone Gcp P (psf) Zone Gcp P (psf)
need not be less I* II** ~
III I* II** III ~
than one-third the 4: Wall Interior -1.0 -13.7 -9.7 -11.7 1: Roof Interior -0.9 -11.7 -7.6 -9.6
span length. 5: Wall Edge -1.3 -16.4 -12.4 -14.4 2: Roof Edge -1.5 -19.2 -15.2 -17.2
3: Roof Corners -2.4 -28.9 -24.8 -26.8
* Internal Pressure Positive ** Internal Pressure Negative ~ Internal Pressure Zero
Wall Dead L oad 3 psf
Roof Dead L oad TOP CHORD BOTTOM CHORD

Steel Roofing 1 psf surface area Bottom Chord Load 5 psf
Purlins 1.25 psf surface area
Bracing/Hardware 1.5 psf surface area
Total Top Chord 3.75 psf surface area
Top Chord Load On Horizontal Projection 3.91 psf horizontal projection
TOTAL ROOF L OAD 9 psf

Floor L ive L oad
Minimum Floor Live Load = n/a psf (ASCE 7-05, Table 4-1)
M inimum Roof L ive L oad Top Chord 20 psf
Bottom Chord 0 psf
Total (on horizontal projection) 20 psf (ASCE 7-05, Table 4-1)
Snow L oad Calculations
A. Flat-Roof Snow L oad, pf Equation: p f = 0.7(C e )(C t )(I )(p g )

Notes
Ground Snow Load, pg: 30 psf Figure 7-1
Exposure Factor, Ce: 1.0 Table 7-2 Partially exposed roof
Thermal Factor, Ct: 1.1 Table 7-3 Heated building
Importance Factor, I: 1.0 Table 7-4
pf 23.1 psf
B. Sloped-Roof Snow L oad, ps Equation: p s = (C s )(p f )

Notes
Roof Slope Factor, Cs: 1.00 Figure 7-2
ps 23.1 psf
C. Unbalanced Roof Snow L oad Hip and Gable Roofs

1) Required for Hip and Gable Roofs with a slope less than 70/W + 0.5 and exceeding 70 degrees
2) The unbalanced snow load is applied to the leeward roof and windward roof as indicated
I nputs:
Horizontal Distance Eave to Ridge, W 38 ft
Equations: W ≤20 ft. (ASCE 7-05, Figure 7-5)
▪0 Windward Unbalanced
▪ (pg)(I) Leeward Unbalanced
W > 20 ft
▪ 0.3*ps Windward Unbalanced
▪ ps + hd(γ)/(√(S)) Leeward Unbalanced, the latter extended from the ridge
a distance of [8(√(S))(hd)]/3
Roof Angle = 16.26 degrees hd = 2.13 ft
g = 17.9 pcf S = Roof slope run for a rise of 1 = 3.4286
punbal, leeward = 43.7 psf for a distance of 10.5 ft from the ridge, then 23.1 psf to eaves
punbal, windward = 6.9 psf
Seismic L oad Calculations
Calculation I nputs:
Building and Site I nputs: Spectral Response Acceleration, S1 0.05
Site Class D Spectral Response Acceleration, SS 0.15
Basic Structural System: Response Modification Factor, R 6.5
All other structural systems: Height to Highest Level (ft), hn 16
Light Framed Walls w/ Shear Panels Weight of Structure (lbs), W 6240
Seismic Design Category: D (ASCE 7-05, 11.6) (9 psf)(72+2 +2 ft)(8 ft)+2(3 psf)(16 ft)(8 ft)
Effective Weight of Structure (lbs), We 5760
(9 psf)(72+2 +2 ft)(8 ft)+2(3 psf)(16 ft)(8 ft)(3/8)
I nter mediate Seismic Calculations Wind Resolved to Hor izontal Point L oad at Eave, Fw
Seismic Use Group II Building Inputs: Load from Roof
Occupancy Importance Factor, I E 1 Fixity Factor 0.375 (lbs)
Sms 0.240 Wind Force with 10 psf min, Fw = 1320 lbs 840
SDs 0.160 Wind Force with Roof and Walls, Fw = 256 lbs -223
Sm1 0.120 Wind Force with Walls only, Fw = 479 lbs 0
SD1 0.080
CT 0.02
Cu 1.7
Acceleration Site Coefficient, Fa 1.6
Velocity Site Coefficient, Fv 2.4
App. Fund. Period, Ta 0.16
Fundamental Period, T 0.27
Seismic Coefficient, Cs 0.025
Cs min 0.007
Cs max 0.045
Seismic Base Shear, V = 154 lbs Controlling Wind Load:
Lateral Seismic Force at Roof, FR = 142 lbs Wind Force per Frame, Fw = 1320 lbs
[F R = 154 x 5760 / 6240 ]
Seismic vs. Wind Compar ison
Controlling Load Combination Strength Comparison Serviceability Comparison
D+W 1320 lbs Wind Controls the Strength Design (D+0.7E)C d < D+W: Wind Controls
D+0.7E 99.3 lbs Serviceability Requirements
Stor y Dr ift and Wind Deflections
Allowable Story Drift = 0.02 hs1 (ASCE 7-05, Table 12.12-1)
Story Height, hs1 = 192 in
Allowable Stor y Dr ift = 3.84 in
Other Deflection Criterion = l/120 (ASCE 7-05, Section 12.12.2 and IBC 2009, Table 1604.3)
Allowable Deflection at Eave = 1.6 in (controlling deflection criterion)
Actual Calculated Deflection = 1.46 in (see DAFI outputs)
Story Drift from Elastic Analysis, δ1e = n/a in (seismic does not control the strength or serviceability design)
Deflection Amplification Factor, Cd = 4.5
Calculated Stor y Dr ift at Eave , δ1 = n/a in
Story drift requirements are satisfied - calculated story drift is less than controlling allowable story drift
Contr olling L oad Combinations
Wall Posts D+0.75(S+W) Post Foundation (Lateral Loading) D+W and 0.6D+W
Roof Diaphragm D+W and 0.6D+W Post Foundation (Uplift) 0.6D+W
Endwall Shearwalls D+W and 0.6D+W Wall Girts D+W and 0.6D+W
Roof Truss D+S Purlins 0.6D+W or D+S
DI APHRAGM DESI GN
▪ Ultimate Strength, Pu, lbf 3300

▪ Allowable Shear Strength, va, lbf/ft 110
▪ Effective In-Plane Stiffness, c, lbf/in 2920
▪ Effective Shear Modulus, G, lbf/in 2190
Reference: Lukens & Bundy, 1987
The Diaphr agm Hor izontal Roof Stiffness, Ch
Ch = ch,1 roof +ch,2 roof +ch,3 ceiling
ch,1 roof = ch,2 roof = G(cosθroof )(bh,1 roof /s)

ch,3 ceiling = G(cosθceiling)(bh,1 ceiling/s)
bh,1 roof = 38 ft (half of the building's width+overhang)
bh, ceiling = 72 ft (building's width)
s= 8 ft (column spacing)
θroof 16.3 degrees
θceiling 0
ch,3 ceiling = #### lbf/in
Ch = #### lbf/in (The total horizontal shear stiffness of roof diaphragm)
Fr ame Stiffness, k (See Visual Analysis Results in Appendix)
k = p/Δ
p = horizontal load at eave

Δ = frame displacement at eave
p= 100 lbf (applied to eave in Visual Analysis Model)

Δ= 0.75 in (resulting truss displacement in Visual Analysis Model)
k= 133 lbf/in (bare frame stiffness)

Endwall Stiffness, k e
ke= G(cosθexterior)(bh,exterior/s) + G(cosθinterior)(bh, interior/s) + n(6EI/L 3)

G= 2190 lbf/in
θexterior = 0.0 degrees
θinterior = 0.0 degrees
s= 16 ft (s=length perpendicular to loading = wall height)
E= 1700000 psi
4
I= 48 in (moment of inertia about weak axis of each individual endwall column)
L= 16 ft (column height)
ke1= 17117 lbf/in (stiffness of endwall with four windows)

ke2= 13693 lbf/in (stiffness of endwall with 24ft door)
Eave L oad
Eave Load by Frame Base Fixity Factors:
Pi = s[hr(qwr - qlr) + hwf (qww - qlw)]

s= 8 ft
hr= 10.5 ft
hw= 16
qww= 10.0
qlw= 0.0
qwr= 10.0 (load with roof loads did not control)
qlr= 0.0 (load with roof loads did not control)
f pin= 0.5
f fixed= 0.375
Pi, pin= 1480 (With Pinned Column Base)
Pi, fixed= 1320 (With Fixed Column Base)
f new= 0.42
Pi = 1378 lbs P i = s[ h r (q wr - q lr ) + h w f new (q ww - q lw )]
Summar y of DAFI I nputs
Roof Diaphragm Shear Stiffness: 39682.8 lbf/in (C 1 = C 2 = C 3 = … = C 15 )

Interior Frame Stiffness: 133.333 lbf/in (k 2 = k 3 = k 4 = … = k 14 )
Eave Load on Interior Frame: 1377.6 lbf
Summar y of DAFI Outputs
DAFI FRAM E ANAL YSI S OUTPUTS

Fr ame Fr ame Applied Hor izontal L oad Resisted by Fr action of Applied
Number Stiffness L oad Displacement Fr ame L oad
1 17117 689.5 0.55 9485.7 13.757
2 133.3 1379 0.78 103.4 0.075
3 133.3 1379 0.97 128.7 0.093
4 133.3 1379 1.12 149.7 0.109
5 133.3 1379 1.25 166.7 0.121
6 133.3 1379 1.35 179.5 0.130
7 133.3 1379 1.41 188.4 0.137
8 133.3 1379 1.45 193.2 0.140
9 133.3 1379 1.46 194.1 0.141
10 133.3 1379 1.43 190.9 0.138
11 133.3 1379 1.38 183.8 0.133
12 133.3 1379 1.30 172.7 0.125
13 133.3 1379 1.18 157.5 0.114
14 133.3 1379 1.04 138.2 0.100
15 133.3 1379 0.86 114.7 0.083
16 13693 689.5 0.65 8937.9 12.963
DAFI DI APHRAGM ANAL YSI S OUTPUTS

Diaphr agm Shear
Diaphr agm Stiffness Shear Displacement
Number L oad
1 39683 0.2216605 8796.15
2 39683 0.1895162 7520.57
3 39683 0.1580085 6270.25
4 39683 0.1270316 5040.99
5 39683 0.0964814 3828.67
6 39683 0.0662553 2629.21
7 39683 0.0362517 1438.58
8 39683 0.0063699 252.78
9 39683 0.0234905 932.17
10 39683 0.0534298 2120.25
11 39683 0.0835485 3315.46
12 39683 0.113948 4521.8
13 39683 0.1447302 5743.33
14 39683 0.1759985 6984.15
15 39683 0.2078581 8248.43
I nter pr etation of DAFI Outputs
Controlling Frame Number = 9 (Resists the most load compared to other frames)
Deflection of Frame = 1.46 in
Load Resistance by Frame = 194 lbf
Resisting Force by Diaphragm, Q = 1184 lbf (Eave Load Minus Load Resistance by Frame)
Shear Load in Endwall 1 = 9486 lbf DAFI Output: Load Resisted by Frame 1
Shear Load in Endwall 2 = 8938 lbf DAFI Output: Load Resisted by Frame 16; Wall with 20' Door
Horizontal Diaphragm Shear = 8796 lbf DAFI Output: Largest Diaphragm Shear Load
Endwall Shear Str ength Check
ke= G(cosθexterior)(bh,exterior/s) + G(cosθinterior)(bh, interior/s) + n(6EI/L 3) (endwall stiffness)
G(cosθexterior)(bh1,exterior/s) = 8212.5 lbf/in (stiffness provided by exterior sheathing of endwall 1)

G(cosθinterior)(bh1, interior/s) = 8212.5 lbf/in (stiffness provided by interior sheathing of endwall 1)

Shear Load in Endwall 1, V max, 1 = 9486 lbf DAFI Output: Load Resisted by Frame 1
Shear Load in Endwall 2, V max, 2 = 8938 lbf DAFI Output: Load Resisted by Frame 16; Wall with 24' Door
Allowable Shear Strength, va = 110 lbf/ft (with NO.2 DFL girts, Specific Gravity = 0.50)
Stiffness of Total Shear L oad on Allowable L oad

L oad Total L oad on
Endwall Wall Component Wall Stiffness of Component, on Component,
Ratio Component
Component Endwall vmax va
(lbf/in) (lbf/in) (lbs) (lb/ft) (lb/ft)

Bare Frame 692 17117 0.040 383 n/a n/a

Bare Frame 553 13693 0.040 361 n/a n/a
vmax ≤va <ok> (actual shear in endwalls is less than allowable shear)
Sidewall Shear Str ength Check
Wind Parallel To Ridge
Allowable Shear Strength, va = 110 lbf/ft (CD = 1.0)
Fixity Factor, f fixed= 0.375

Tributary Area, A t = 810 ft2
Length of Wall, L sidewall = 79 ft (length of sidewall minus all door and window openings)
qww = 10.0 psf (10 psf minimum requirement controls the design)
qlw = 0.0 psf (10 psf minimum requirement controls the design)
Maximum Shear Load, V max = 8100 lbs
Actual Shear Load, vsidewall = 51 lbf/ft V max /L sidewall /2walls
vsidewall ≤va <ok> (actual shear in sidewall is less than allowable shear)
Roof Diaphr agm Shear Str ength Check
Allowable Shear Strength, va = 110 lbf/ft

M ax Shear , V max, hor izontal = 8796 lbf DAFI Diaphragm Analysis Output
Ch, roof = ch,1 roof + ch2, roof = 19972.8 lbf/in (horizontal stiffness provided by roof sheathing)
Ch, ceiling = 19710 lbf/in (horizontal stiffness provided by ceiling sheathing)
L s, roof = 79.1667 ft (width of building plus overhangs / cosine of roof angle)

L s, ceiling = 72 ft (width of building)
vmax, in-plane = V max, in-plane / L s (shear load in plane of the roof or ceiling sheathing)
M ax
Total M ax L oad in Shear L oad in
Hor izontal Horizontal
Roof Hor izontal L oad Plane of Plane of Allowable Shear
Stiffness of L oad on θ
Component Stiffness of Ratio Component, Component, L oad, va
Component Component,
Diaphr agm V max, in-plane va
V max, hor izontal
(lbf/in) (lbf/in) (lbs) (deg) (lbs) (lb/ft) (lb/ft)
Roof Sheathing 19973 39683 0.503 4427 16.26 4612 58 110
Ceiling
19710 39683 0.497 4369 0 4369 61 110
Sheathing
vmax ≤va <ok> (actual shear in diaphragm is less than allowable shear)
Roof Diaphr agm Chor d For ces
ch,1 roof = 9986.4 lbf/in (horizontal stiffness of roof diaphragm 1)

ch,2 roof = 9986.4 lbf/in (horizontal stiffness of roof diaphragm 2)
ch,3 ceiling = 19710 lbf/in (horizontal stiffness of ceiling diaphragm)
Ch = 39682.8 lbf/in (total combined horizontal stiffness diaphragm)
Load Ratio to Each Diaphragm , p = ch,x/Ch (individual diaphragm stiffness / total diaphragm stiffness)
Load on Roof Diaphragm, w = 172.2 lbf/ft (eave load, Pi , divided by column spacing, s)
2
End Moment, M ex = wxL x /12 (controls the design)
2
Midspan Moment, M mx = wxL x /24
Tension/ Compression Force, Tx = M ex/bx (controlling moment divided by depth of individual diaphragm)
HTP37z Simpson Strap = 1600 lbs (allowable tension capacity as specified by the manufacturer)
MSTA21 Simpson Strap = 1505 lbs (allowable tension capacity as specified by the manufacturer)
L oad Diaphr agm L oad on M oment in Tension/ Allowable

Diaphr agm Diaphr agm
Ratio Depth, Diaphr agm, Diaphr agm, Compr ession Tension L oad
Component L ength, L x
,p bx wx Mx For ce, T x Ta
(dec.) (ft) (ft) (lb/ft) (lb-ft) (lbs) (lbs)

Roof Diaphragm 1 0.25 120 38 43.3 52002 1368 1600
Roof Diaphragm 2 0.25 120 38 43.3 52002 1368 1600
Ceiling Diaphragm 0.5 120 72 85.5 102636 1425 1505
Px ≤Pa <ok> (actual tension load is less than allowable tension load)
CONNECTI ONS
ENDWALL CEILING LEDGER TO POSTS CONNECTION
M aximum Shear , V max, hor izontal = 4369 lbs (V max, horizontal from Ceiling Diaphragm Shear Strength Check Section)
Allowable Shear Capacity = 9830 lbs
ENDWALL SKIRT BOARD TO POST CONNECTION
M aximum Shear , V max, exter ior = 4551 lbs (V max from Endwall Shear Strength Check Section)
M aximum Shear , V max, inter ior = 4551 lbs (V max from Endwall Shear Strength Check Section)
Allowable Shear Capacity, V a = 6881 lbs
PURLIN TO PURLIN AT SPLICE AND TO ENDWALL TRUSS CONNECTION

M aximum Tension For ce, T max = 1368 lbs (T x from Roof Diaphragm Chord Forces Section)
Allowable Tension Capacity, T a = 1850 lbs (at splice)
Allowable Tension Capacity, T a = 1513 lbs (at endwall truss)
CEILING JOIST TO CEILING JOIST SPLICE AND TO CORNER POST CONNECTION
M aximum Tension For ce, T max = 1425 lbs (T x from Roof Diaphragm Chord Forces Section)
Allowable Tension Capacity, T a = 1505 lbs (at splice)
Allowable Tension Capacity, T a = 1474 lbs (at corner post)
REACTI ON Ceiling L edger to Endwall Posts Connection - Shear Tr ansfer fr om Ceiling Diaphr agm to Endwall

Maximum Shear (lbs) V max 4369 (see Ceiling Diaphragm Shear Strength Check Section)

End Grain Factor Ceg 1 (NDS 2005, 11.5.2) III m 286
Depth Penetration Factor Cd 1 (Cd=p/10D) III s 222
PASS 4369 ÷ 9830 = 0.4444688 Unity Check < 1
Bottom Gir t to Endwall Posts Connection - Shear Tr ansfer fr om I nter ior L iner to Endwall Posts
REACTI ON

Maximum Shear (lbs) V max 4551 (see Endwall Shear Strength Check Section)

Wet Service Factor CM 0.7 p= 2.00
PASS 4551 ÷ 6881 = 0.6614361 Unity Check < 1

AL L OWABL E CAPACI TY REACTI ON Pur lin to Pur lin Connection at Splice, Diaphr agm Tension Chor d
Tension Load in Diaphragm Chord (lbs) Tmax 1368 ← Tension force from Roof Diaphragm Chord Forces Section
HTP37Z Simpson Str ap
PASS 1368.48 ÷ 1850 = 0.7397172 Unity Check < 1
Ceiling Joist to Ceiling Joist Connection at Splice, Diaphr agm Tension Chor d
REACTI ON
M STA21 Simpson Str ap
PASS 1425.5 ÷ 1505 = 0.9471739 Unity Check < 1

REACTI ON Pur lin to Endwall Tr uss Connection, Diaphr agm Tension Chor d - VI A BL OCK I NG


Nail Size 60d RS nail Intermediate Calculations
Nail Length (in) L 6 2+R e = 3.0
Nail Penetration into main member (in) 2.5
p k2 = 1.02
1229 + 284 = 1513 Unity Check < 1
PASS 1368 ÷ 1513 = 0.9044746 Unity Check < 1

REACTI ON Pur lin to Endwall Tr uss Connection, Diaphr agm Tension Chor d - BL OCK I NG TO TRUSS
WOOD SCREWS - WI THDRAWAL - NDS 2005, ASD
Screw Size # 8
Number of screws # 4 (# of effective screws not total)
Screw Diameter (in) D 0.164 Note: if a certain adjustment factor is not shown, its
Screw Length (in) L 3 value is assumed to be 1.0
Width of Side Member (in) w 1.5

Screw Penetration into main member (in) p 1.5
Duration Factor CD 1.6 ← NDS 2005, Table 2.3.2
Toe Nail Factor Ctn 1
Temperature Factor Ct 1
Reference Withdrawal Design Value W 141 ← NDS 2005, Equation 11.2-2
Total Allowable Withdrawal Capacity (lbs) W' 1357 ← W'=(# of Screws) x Z x C D x C t x C tn x C M
1368.48 ÷ 1357 = 1.0082126 The rest can be assumed to be taken by 60d R.S. nail
Ceiling Joist to Cor ner Post Connection, Diaphr agm Tension Chor d
REACTI ON

PASS 1425.5 ÷ 1474 = 0.9668059 Unity Check < 1

Frame Frame Applied Horizontal Load Resisted Fraction of Diaphragm
Number Stiffness Load Displacement by Frame Applied Load Number
1 17117 689.5 0.5541657 9485.65 13.7573 1
2 133.3 1379 0.7758262 103.42 0.075 2
3 133.3 1379 0.9653424 128.68 0.0933 3
4 133.3 1379 1.1233509 149.74 0.1086 4
5 133.3 1379 1.2503825 166.68 0.1209 5
6 133.3 1379 1.3468639 179.54 0.1302 6
7 133.3 1379 1.4131191 188.37 0.1366 7
8 133.3 1379 1.4493708 193.2 0.1401 8
9 133.3 1379 1.4557407 194.05 0.1407 9
10 133.3 1379 1.4322502 190.92 0.1384 10
11 133.3 1379 1.3788205 183.8 0.1333 11
12 133.3 1379 1.2952719 172.66 0.1252 12
13 133.3 1379 1.181324 157.47 0.1142 13
14 133.3 1379 1.0365938 138.18 0.1002 14
15 133.3 1379 0.8605953 114.72 0.0832 15
16 13693 689.5 0.6527373 8937.93 12.9629
Diaphragm Shear Shear
Stiffness Displacement Load
39683 0.2216605 8796.15
39683 0.1895162 7520.57
39683 0.1580085 6270.25
39683 0.1270316 5040.99
39683 0.0964814 3828.67
39683 0.0662553 2629.21
39683 0.0362517 1438.58
39683 0.0063699 252.78
39683 0.0234905 932.17
39683 0.0534298 2120.25
39683 0.0835485 3315.46
39683 0.113948 4521.8
39683 0.1447302 5743.33
39683 0.1759985 6984.15
39683 0.2078581 8248.43
SEISMIC DESING INTERMEDIATE CALCULATIONS AND INTERPOLATIONS
Ss = 0.15 SD1 = 0.080004

S1 = 0.05
Site Class D
Site Coefficient, Fa 1.6

Site Class Ss ≤ 0.25 Ss = .5 Ss = 0.75 Ss = 1.0 Ss ≥ 1.25
A 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8
B 1 1 1 1 1
C 1.2 1.2 1.1 1 1
D 1.6 1.4 1.2 1.1 1
E 2.5 1.7 1.2 0.9 0.9
A 0 0 0 0 0 0
B 0 0 0 0 0 0
C 0 0 0 0
D 1.6 0 0 1.6
E 0 0 0 0
Site Coefficient, Fv 2.4

Site Class Ss ≤ 0.1 Ss = 0.2 Ss = 0.3 Ss = 0.4 Ss ≥ 0.5
A 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8
B 1 1 1 1 1
C 1.7 1.6 1.5 1.4 1.3
D 2.4 2 1.8 1.6 1.5
E 3.5 3.2 2.8 2.4 2.4
A 0 0 0 0 0 0
B 0 0 0 0 0 0
C 0 0 0 0
D 2.4 0 0 2.4
E 0 0 0 0
Coefficient for Upper Limit on Calculated Period, Cu: 1.7

Design Spectral Response Acceleration Coefficient Calculated Interpolate
Parameter at 1s, SD1 Cu SD1 d Cu
≥ 0.4 1.4
0.3 1.4
0.2 1.5
0.15 1.6
≤ 0.1 1.7 0.080004 1.7
Values of Approximate Period Parameters Ct 0.02
Structure Type:
Steel moment-resisting frames 0.028
Concrete moment-resisting frames 0.016
Eccentrically braced steel frames 0.03
All other structural systems 0.02
External Pressure Coefficients, GCpf
Slope Building Surface
(Deg) 1 2 3 4 5 6 1E 2E 3E 4E
16.26 0.498 -0.69 -0.45 -0.4 -0.45 -0.45 0.753 -1.07 -0.65 -0.59
1 2 3 4 5 6 1E 2E 3E 4E
0 0.4 -0.69 -0.37 -0.29 -0.45 -0.45 0.61 -1.07 -0.53 -0.43
5 0.4 -0.69 -0.37 -0.29 -0.45 -0.45 0.61 -1.07 -0.53 -0.43
16.26 0.498 -0.69 -0.45 -0.4 -0.45 -0.45 0.753 -1.07 -0.65 -0.59
20 0.53 -0.69 -0.48 -0.43 -0.45 -0.45 0.8 -1.07 -0.69 -0.64
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
30 0.56 0.21 -0.43 -0.37 -0.45 -0.45 0.69 0.27 -0.53 -0.48
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
45 0.56 0.21 -0.43 -0.37 -0.45 -0.45 0.69 0.27 -0.53 -0.48
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
90 0.56 0.56 -0.37 -0.37 -0.54 -0.45 0.69 0.69 -0.48 -0.48
Components and Cladding h<60 ft
2
Wall Component Tributary Area: 21.33 ft
2
Roof Component Tributary Area: 21.33 ft
Roof Slope 16.26 degrees
a= 12 a= 4.8
a= 7.2 a= 2.88
a= 8.5 a= 3
a= 7.2 a= 4.8
a= 7.2
WALL GCp
Zone 4: 0 -1.04 0 -1.04
Zone 5: 0 -1.29 0 -1.29
ROOF GCp
Zone 1 0 -0.97 0 0
θ≤7 Zone 2 0 -1.57 0 0
Zone 3 0 -2.23 0 0
Zone 1 0 -0.86 0 -0.86
7<θ≤27 Zone 2 0 -1.54 0 -1.54
Zone 3 0 -2.4 0 -2.4
Zone 1 0 -0.94 0 0
27<θ≤45 Zone 2 0 -1.14 0 0
Zone 3 0 -1.14 0 0
Zone 1 n/a n/a n/a -0.86
Final
Results
.
My Range Envelope
1 Enclosed B
2 Partially En
3 Open Build
Wind Speed 90
Building Category II
V≤100 mph V>100 mph

I 0 0
II 1 0
III 0 0
IV 0 0
1 0
Importance Factor 1
Enclosed BuildingEnclosed Building

Partially Enclosed Building
Open Building
Open Builing Cn Inter

Gust Effect Factor
Building
nclosed Building
ing
Net Pressure Coefficient, CN
Slope Clrear Wind Obstructed
(Deg) CNW CNL CNW CNL
16.26 1.1 -0.32 -0.63 -1.62 0 0 0 0 0 0
CNW CNL CNW CNL

0
7.5 1.1 -0.3 -0.9 -1.7 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
15 1.1 -0.4 -0.6 -1.6 0 0 0 0 0 0
16.26 1.1 -0.32 -0.63 -1.62 0 0 0 0 0 0
22.5 1.1 0.1 -0.8 -1.7 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
30 1.3 0.3 -0.2 -1.1 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
37.5 1.3 0.6 -0.3 -0.9 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
45 1.1 0.9 -0.3 -0.7 0 0 0 0 0 0
Components and Cladding h<60 ft
2
Wall Component Tributary Area: 21.33 ft
2
Roof Component Tributary Area: 21.33 ft
Roof Slope 16.26 degrees
a= 12 a= 4.8
a= 7.2 a= 2.88
a= 8.5 a= 3
a= 7.2 a= 4.8
a= 7.2
Obstructed Wind Flow Obstructed Wind Flow

Zone 3 Zone 2 Zone 1 Zone 3 Zone 2 Zone 1
<=a^2 1 -3.6 0.8 -1.8 0.5 -1.2 1 -3.6 0.8 -1.8 0.5 -1.2
0 0.8 -1.8 0.8 -1.8 0.5 -1.2 0 0 0 0 0 0
0
0 0.5 -1.2 0.5 -1.2 0.5 -1.2 0 0 0 0 0 0
1 -3.6 0.8 -1.8 0.5 -1.2
0 0 0 0 0 0 0
<=a^2 1 -5.1 0.8 -2.6 0.5 -1.7 1 -5.1 0.8 -2.6 0.5 -1.7
0 0.8 -2.6 0.8 -2.6 0.5 -1.7 0 0 0 0 0 0
7.5
0 0.5 -1.7 0.5 -1.7 0.5 -1.7 0 0 0 0 0 0
1 -5.1 0.8 -2.6 0.5 -1.7
0 0 0 0 0 0 0
<=a^2 1 -3.2 0.8 -2.4 0.5 -1.6 1 -3.2 0.8 -2.4 0.5 -1.6
0 0.8 -2.4 0.8 -2.4 0.5 -1.6 0 0 0 0 0 0
15
0 0.5 -1.6 0.5 -1.6 0.5 -1.6 0 0 0 0 0 0
1 -3.2 0.8 -2.4 0.5 -1.6
16.26 1 -3.13 0.8 -2.3 0.5 -1.6
<=a^2 1 -2.4 0.8 -1.8 0.5 -1.2 1 -2.4 0.8 -1.8 0.5 -1.2
0 0.8 -1.8 0.8 -1.8 0.5 -1.2 0 0 0 0 0 0
30
0 0.5 -1.2 0.5 -1.2 0.5 -1.2 0 0 0 0 0 0
1 -2.4 0.8 -1.8 0.5 -1.2
0 0 0 0 0 0 0
<=a^2 1 -2.4 0.8 -1.8 0.5 -1.2 1 -2.4 0.8 -1.8 0.5 -1.2
0 0.8 -1.8 0.8 -1.8 0.5 -1.2 0 0 0 0 0 0
45
0 0.5 -1.2 0.5 -1.2 0.5 -1.2 0 0 0 0 0 0
1 -2.4 0.8 -1.8 0.5 -1.2
FINAL: 1 -3.13 0.8 -2.3 0.5 -1.6

Parallel to Ridge Direction:
Length = 120 ft
h= 10.5
Clear Obstructed
0 0 0
0 0 0
>2h -0.3 -0.6
Final: -0.3 -0.6

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NFBA Design Tool for Design of Post-Frame Building Systems

Part 1: Lateral Design of a 72’x120’x16’ Post-Frame Building

Wind-Governed Design Example

How to Use This Design Tool

Part 1 Wind-Governed Design Example 2

Section 1: Building Description 4

Section 2: ASCE 7-05 Load Calculations 7

Section 3: Diaphragm Design 10

Section 4: Post Design 21

Section 5: Post Foundation Design 23

Section 6: Purlin & Girt Design 27

Section 7: Connection Design 28

Section 8: Truss Bracing Details 33

Section 9: Design Summary 40

Part 1 Wind-Governed Design Example 3

Structural Component Description Spacing

Part 1 Wind-Governed Design Example 4

Figure P5.3. Cross section of office area

Figure 1A. Exterior Elevations

Part 1 Wind-Governed Design Example 5

Part 1 Wind-Governed Design Example 6

Link to Part 2 Section 2.1 Wind Load Calculations >

TABLE 1 DESIGN LOAD REQUIREMENTS

Part 1 Wind-Governed Design Example 7

Part 1 Wind-Governed Design Example 8

 Wall posts D + 0.75(S + W)

Part 1 Wind-Governed Design Example 9

Part 1 Wind-Governed Design Example 10

 Ulitimate Strength, Pu, (lbf) 3300

Part 1 Wind-Governed Design Example 11

ch, 1 roof = 9,986 lb/in

Link to Part 2 Section 3.1 Horizontal Roof Stiffness Calculations >

3.1 Total Diaphragm Horizontal Roof Stiffness, Ch

Ch,Total = 39,683 lb/in

Part 1 Wind-Governed Design Example 12

Link to Part 2 Appendix Section A.1 Frame Stiffness Calculations >

3.3 Endwall Stiffness, ke

ke, 1 = 17,117 lb/in (stiffness of endwall with 4 windows)

Link to Part 2 Section 3.3 Endwall Stiffness Calculations >

3.4 Eave Load

Part 1 Wind-Governed Design Example 13

Eave Load Calculation by Frame Base Fixity Factors:

Link to Part 2 Section 3.4 Eave Load Calculations >

3.5 DAFI Inputs

Part 1 Wind-Governed Design Example 14

3.6 DAFI Outputs

Frame Frame Applied Horizontal Load Resisted by Fraction of Applied

Part 1 Wind-Governed Design Example 15

1 39683 0.0864781 3431.71

2 39683 0.0739374 2934.06

3 39683 0.0616451 2446.26

4 39683 0.0495598 1966.68

5 39683 0.037641 1493.71

6 39683 0.0258487 1025.75

7 39683 0.0141432 561.24

8 39683 0.0024851 98.62

9 39683 0.0091645 363.68

10 39683 0.020845 827.19

11 39683 0.0325954 1293.48

12 39683 0.0444554 1764.12

13 39683 0.0564647 2240.69

14 39683 0.0686637 2724.78

15 39683 0.0810933 3218.02