Web Publishing

Domain name:

The IP address is expressed by number and dot which is tough to remember. That's why a name is
used with a combination of English characters and numbers which is called domain name to make
the IP address easier to remember and use. For example www.du.ac.bd is used instead of the IP
address 103.221.252.0/24.

The domain name system (DNS) is a naming database in which internet domain names are located
and translated into IP addresses. DNS is used to monitor the domain names which keeps the
uniqueness of the domain name. The same domain name can’t be used by multiple persons or
organizations.

The Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN) controls the domain names
and IP addresses around the world. Generally, ICANN provides the permission of registering
domain names. With the approval of ICANN many organizations around the world do the task of
registering domain names.

A top-level or root level domain (TLD) is the part of a domain that comes after the dot and helps
to identify the type of organization. The example www.du.ac.bd has ac after the dot (.) which
identifies the educational institution. A top level domain can be divided into two parts. These are:

1. Generic top-level domains (gTLD) - Roughly all domains that are not associated with
a country. The most known are com, org and net. All gTLDs fall under ICANN's policies.

2. Country-code top-level domains (ccTLD) - All domains that are identified with a
country or geographical location, for example, bd, de, nl or dk. A ccTLD always consists
out of two letters.
Some generic top-level domains are mentioned below with the help of a table:

Top level domain Domain Example

.com Commercial organization dell.com, microsoft.com

.gov Government organization whitehouse.gov

.edu Educational institution. buet.edu, nsu.edu

.int International organization un.int, undp.int

.net Network service bangle.net, cse.net

.org Nonprofit organization bccbd.org, most-bd.org

.mil U.S. defense system usarmy.mil, usnavy.mil

Examples of country domain:

.bd = Bangladesh .th = Thailand

.au = Australia .my = Malaysia

.ar = Argentina .sa = Saudi Arabia

.cn = China .pk = Pakistan

.in = India .eg = Egypt

.jp = Japan .tr = Turkey

.uk = UK .zw = Zimbabwe

.us = USA .nl = Netherlands

.bt = Bhutan .id = Indonesia

.lk = Sri Lanka .sg = Singapore

Factors to be considered while selecting a domain name:

There are certain factors that need to be considered for selecting a domain name. They are :

● Domain name should be kept short : The domain name must be as short as possible .
Then it will Become easily reachable.
● Naming according to the objective: The domain name should be selected considering the
goals and objectives of the institutions . It will help the users to know the activities of an
organisation.
● Easy to spell and pronounce: The domain name should be easy to spell and pronounce
.Otherwise there will be problems for the users.
● Attractive and lively: Domain name of an organization should be attractive and lively. If
the domain name is attractive and lively, It will be able to seek attention of the users.
● Mnemonic value: Every domain name should have mnemonic value. It will be easily
recognisable.

Publishing of webpage

Website publishing is the process of publishing the webpage through the help of web hosting
service. It ascertains the visibility of website on the internet. We should keep in mind certain things
before website publishing. They are :

❏ Step -1 Designing the website:

Designing the website refers to making the graphics design layout right and making every part
of the website functionable through coding .

❏ Step-2 Registering a domain name for the website:

Every website has a unique name which is called domain name. The website gets popularity
through the domain name. People can get access to any website through the domain name
.There are many organisations who provide domain name for business .In Bangladesh,
There are some organisations who help to provide domain names. Anyone having
international credit card or PayPal account can buy domain name directly. Domain name
registration can be done through websites like www.name.com, www.namecheap.com,
www.gandi.net, www.godaddy.com. Dot bangla website helps in registering domain
names for bengali websites.
 ❏ Step-3 Selecting a specific server with strong bandwidth and proper space for hosting
the website:
It is very important for a website to be hosted by a good web server having internet
connectivity. Many organisations provide web hosting service with fees. Many use their
personal computer as server. But it is better to use a web server provided by any internet
service provider (ISP).
❏ Step-4 Uploading the website and enlisting it in a search engine for promotion:

a) Uploading the website

After purchasing the server, many packages are found by the website owner. The owner
gets a panel with user name and password.. Many companies keep the control panel to
maintain the website. But most of the owners prefer to keep the control panel for
themselves.
b) Enlisting in a search engine
Websites can be found easily if they are enlisted in a search engine. By providing specific
amount of fee, a website can be enlisted. It is also known as search engine optimisation.
Some widely used search engines are Google, Yahoo, Bing, Ask and MSN.

Comparison between Domain and Hosting :

FACTORS DOMAIN HOSTING

Definition The unique name of any Web hosting is the process of

website is known as keeping the internet files in a hosting
domain. server.

Sign spot & server space Domain name is the sign Web hosting is mainly a server space
spot where the browser where audio, text, graphics, video
shows every information. and additional web pages are kept.

Registration and space fee Many organisations Many web hosting agencies are there
authorized by ICANN can to host websites with fees.
help in registering domain
name.

Payment method Every year a fee is to be The fee for web hoisting is paid
paid for a domain name. according to the space limit.

Uniqueness Domain name must be A single f web hosting server may

unique. contain various domain names.

Address & meeting Domain name is the address Web hosting server is the place where
of the house. you can meet the owner of the house.