The mammary gland

Dr. Mohammed Sh. Ahmed

Orthopaedic surgeon
FICMS
 The mammary gland
*Specialized accessory glands of the skin that
capable of secreting milk.
*Present in both sexes.
 The mammary gland
* In male & immature female, are similar. The nipples are small &
surrounded by a colored area of skin (areola).
 The mammary
gland
* At the puberty in the female, the gland
gradually enlarged (ovarian hormones).
* The duct elongated but the increase in
size of the gland is due to the deposition
of fat.
* The base of breast extended from 2nd &6th rib & from
the lateral margin of the sternum to the midaxillary line.
* The greatest part of the gland lies in the superficial
fascia.
* Axillary tail extend upward & laterally, pierces the deep
fascia at the lower border of pectoralis major ms.& come
in close relation ship with axillary vessel
The mammary gland
 The mammary gland

* Each mammary gland consists of

fifteen to twenty lobes, which
radiated out from the nipple.
* The main duct from each lobe
opens separately on the summit
of the nipple& possesses a dilated
ampulla just prior to its
termination.
 The mammary gland
* Retromammary space loose
connective tissue separated
the mammary gland from the
deep fascia covering the
underlying muscle
 Lymphatic drainage
*important clinically
*Cancer
*Dissemination the
malignant cells along the
lymph vessels to the
lymph node.
 Lymphatic drainage
❖ anastomosing network with the apposite side,& below with that
of abdominal wall.
❖ The lateral part ---ant. axillary or pectoral nodes.
❖ The medial part –nodes along the internal thoracic artery.
❖ A few lymph vessels follow the posterior intercostals a. & drain
posteriorly into the posterior intercostals node.
❖ The superficial lymphatic plexus beneath the areola (subareolar
plexus), & the deep plexus in the fascia covering the pectoralis
major(submammary plexus), are no longer regarded as
especially important in draining of lymph from the mammary
gland.
Lymphatic drainage
The axilla
Thank you