Tap chi Khoa hgc cong nghé va Thre phdm 13 (1) (2017) 104-110 THU NGHIEM SAN XUAT CA PHE TUILOC Phan Thj Thanh Digu'”, Nguyén Huynh Bach Son Long’, Lit Thj M6ng Thy', Vé Pham Phuong Trang’ 'Truéng Dai hoc Cong nghiép Thuc phim TP.HCM ?Tréng Dai hoc Lac Hong “Email: dieupt(@cntp.eduvn Ngiy nhan bai: 25/6/2017; Ngay chap nhan dang: 28/11/2017 TOM TAT Ca phé khéng chi la mét thite udng phd bién, duge sir dung rng rai ma con 1d mat hang xudt khdu c6 gid tri cao. Nghién ecru nay duge thye hign nhdm khdo sat va lua chon cée thong s6 thich hop 4é san xuat ra m6t san pham tién loi phyc vu cho nhu cdu sir dung ca phé cua nguoi tigu ding Két qua cho thay goi ca phe tui loc co khdi Iugng 10 g pha voi 80 mL nuée, théi gian 10 phat duge coi la théng sé phi hop va khéng anh huéng dén strc khée, dire ngudéi tiéu ding chap nan. Tit khéa: Ca phé, tui loc, cafein. 1, MODAU Ca phé La mét loai ndng sin duoc tréng phd bién & Viét Nam véi chit yéu 3 loai chinh: cei phé che, ca phé voi va cd phé mit (1]. Trong nhing nim gan diy, gid tri kin té ed phé Viet Nam dang 6 chiu hung gidm do si xm nhap cua cae hé théng cira hang cd phé nude ngoai [2]. Hign nay, 6 Viét Nam chua cé nghién ctu chuyén sdu nao nhim phat trién sa phim ca phé tin loi canh tranh véi nude ngoai. Mue dich cia nghién ciru nay mudn két hop gilta cd phé va tii lee giay nhm da dang hoa san phim, tgo ra sin phim moi dom gidn dé sur dung, an toan cho stic khoe ngudi tigu ding [3-5]. Vige xéc dinh duge cdc théng s6 cn thidt dé san xudt ra m6t san phdm ca phé tdi loc 1a co so khoa hoc dé phat wién quy mo san xudt nhim nang cao gid tri mat hang ca phé. 2. NGUYEN LIEU VA PHUONG PHAP NGHIEN COU 2.1. Nguyén ligu Ca phé rang xay 1a hin hop ca phé véi va ed phé ché (Budn Mé Thudt) (ty 16 70:30) duge rang bing may Hottop (KN-8828P), ché d6 rang Auto mode trong 18 phiit vi kich thude hat rang xay trung binh (ché d6 Medium size mode-may xay XFK B96). Gidy loc ca phé Céng ty Tan Quée Huy: 7/88 Lién Khu 5-6, Phuong Binh Hung Hoa B, Quan Binh Tan, Thanh phé Hé Chi Minh. Quy trinh sin xudt ca phé tii loc: Ca phé + cn — vao titi + ghép mi — bao géi — san phim Gidy loc — ghép mi 104Thir nghigm sén xudt ca phe tdi loc 2.2. Phong phaip Trong nghién ctru nay, co sé két qua dua trén cdc phuong phap danh gid cém quan duge cho la quan trong nat, Sir dung cde phyong phap phan tich danh gia cam quan thre pham qua timg céng doan dé chon ra céc thong s6 thich hop str dung cho san pham va phuong phap danh gia cho diém chat luong [6] Theo sodé nghién ciru (Hinh !): Khao sat mot pene Miu sie dich trich ly, omg ba thodt ra sé loai gidy lee -——— L > Khao sat khdi luong ca phé Kho sit ede thong s6 edn >| Khéo sit ty 1é nude voi ca phé thiét Loi Khao sat thai gian pha cuhoaWy Ham am, him luong tro, t — Dan gid chitiuhoaly | —>} ham tugneatein Dinh gid chat lung sin -——}__sl anh giéchi tu vi sinh phim Déinh gia méc dé yeu [—pl thich va chp nhdn cia sin phim Dink gié chit hngng clin quan Hinh 1. So 48 nehién cau 2.2.1. Thinghiém 1: Khéo sit loai gidy loc phi hop Str dung ba loai gidy loc c6 cling kich thuéc, khéi Iuong ca phé va thé tich nue da duge ¢é dinh sin (kh6i luong ca phé: 8 g; long nude 95 °C: 100 mL; théi_ gian pha: 10 phit). Sau dé tién hanh danh gia cam quan bang phép thir so hing. Dua vao két qua so hang biet duge mau sd cia dich trich ly cd phé qua timg logi gidy, tiép tuc loc ede mau dich trick ly ca phé bing b6 loc hiit chin khdng, léy long ba trén gidy loc dem say dén khdi long khong Gi 6 105°C. Tird6 chon loai gidy loc phu hop nhit dé iam thong s6 cho cdc thi nghiém sau. 2.2.2. Thi nghiém 2: Khéo sit khdi licong cf phé Tién hanh thi nghiém 2 véi losi giy loc t6i mu cita thi nghiém 1, khdi lrong cd phé thay déi tir6 g, 8g, 10 g dén 12g. Sit dung phuong phap dénh gid cim quan bing phép thir cho diém thi higu dé chon ra méu c6 diém cam quan cao nhat lim co so Iya chon cho céc thi nghiém tiép theo. 105Phan Thi Thanh Diéu, Nguyén Huynh Bach Long Son, Lé Thi Méng Thy... 2.2.3. Thi nghiém 3: Khéo sét 09 lé née vot khét Iwong ca phé Dé khao sat ty 1 nude voi khdi rong ca phé, sir dung bén mu ca phé voi khéi long. wu trong thi nghiém 2 cho vao 4 ly thuy tinh 6 thé tich 250 mL. Méi ly rét thé tich nuée (0 mL, 100 mL, 120 mL. Sau 10 phiit, dénh gid cim quan sén phim bing phép thir cho diém. Tu d6 chon 1a duoc méu 6 Iuong nude phi hop lim eo s6 cho thi nghigm tiép theo. 2.2.4. Thi nghiém 4: Khio sat thoi gian pha Ding cic théng sé da duoc xac dinh & cdc thi nghiém trén, ta tién hanh pha sin phim voi cde khong thoi gian khdc nhau thay di tir 0 phit, $ phuit, 10 phiit, 15 phat va 20 phat Dich ca phé trich ly qua cae thoi gian khée nhau durgc tién hanh dénh gid qua phép thir cho thi hidu. Két qua danh gid s® xée dinh duoc khodng thi gian phil hop cho chit luong tt nhat khi sir dung san phim. 2.2.5. Cae phwong phap dénh gid chat hong sin phim m tra ham lugng cafein theo TCVN 9723:2013, Quang phé dao ham bac | [7] - Kiém tra dO Am theo TCVN 5253 — 90. -Kiém tra him lugng tro téng theo TCVN 7035:2002. - Téng s6 vi khudn hiéu khi TCVN 4884:2005 (ISO 4833:2003). - Nam men ndm méc TCVN 8275-1:2010 (ISO 21527-1:2008). 3. KET QUA VABAN LUAN 3.1. Khio sat logi gidy lc phi hop 3.1.1. So sénh mau sic dich trich ly Phuong phap danh gid cam quan bing phép thir so hang. Sau khi xir ly 6 ligu duge két qua nhu Hinh 2 Bang 1. K&t qua so sanh mau sic dich trich ly Loai gidy loc Maui Mau? Miu 3 ‘Digm trung binh 135" x 165° ‘D6 léch chuan 048 0 048 4, Bc @ < 0.05) li sw khic Big ¥ nghia thing ké 6 mice d6 tn edy 95% aie Hinh 2. Khao sat mau sic dich trich ly _ Tir Bang | va Hinh 2 cho thay dich trich véi 3 mau loc khae nhau vé mit ¥ nghia thdng ké, chon mau 2 1a mu c6 miu dich trich dim nhat. So sanh dich cd phé khi sir dung 3 lai gidy loc cho két qua logi gidy loc mau 2 c6 miu dich trich ly khae bigt 10 rét nhat trong 3 106Thir nghigm sén xudt ca phe tdi loc loai. Loai gidy m&u 3 mau dich trich cao hon mau 1, tay nhién 2 miu nay van c6 kha nang chon Iya thap hon nhiéu so véi miu 2. 3.1.2. So sdnh luong ba loc ‘Tiép theo dem dich trich ly cd phe tir 3.miu loc hiit chan khong thu due ba cd phé con s6t lai trén gidy loc. Tién hanh say dén khdi Iuong khéng déi 6 105 °C, digu thuémg. Thue hign 3 lan thu durge két qua @ Bang 2 Bang 2. Két qua so sinh lugng ba loc Loai gidy loe Miul | Mau2 Miu3 Largng 68 trungbinh (g) | _032 037 026 1 lech ehuan 0.05 0,08 0.03 F q [ adn Hinh 3. Khao sit ba loc Hinh 3 cho thay, tuy m&u 2 c6 mau sic dich trich ly dim nhat nhung cing li mau co Iugng ba thoat ra nhiéu nhat. Diéu nay sé lam cho dich trich ci phé bi duc va khéng dep. Miu 3 a mau cé luong ba thoat ra it nhat, cho san pham c6 dé trong dep nhat trong 3 mau. Tir két qua cita hai thi nghigm trén, dé dap Ging yéu edu sin phim vé miu sie va d6 trong, chon loai gidy loc mau 3 dé tién hanh cdc thi nghiém tiép theo 3.2. Khao sat khdi lung ca phé Két qua khao sat khdi rong ca phé thong qua phép thir cho diém thi hiéu durge xt ly va trinh bay 6 Bang 3 va Hinh 4 Bang 3. Khao sit khdi luong ca phé voi 100 mL nude trong 10 phit Mau 6(2) 8(@)_ | 10(g) | 12%) idm trung ise | ase | 301 | 3,30° 6 lech chud 059 | 056 | 068 | 0,55 4b, cod (p= 0.05) a srkhuic bie cj nghta thdng ke tic dd un ely 95% 107Phan Thi Thanh Diéu, Nguyén Hujnh Bach Long Son, Li’ Thi Méng Thy... I Hinh 4. Khao sit anh huéng cia khéi lugng ca phé ti diém cm quan Sau khi chon duge loai gidy loc thich hop, tién hanh thi aghiém chon khdi lugng ca phé. Tir két qua xir ly theo chuong trinh Statgraphie XV.I thu durge cho thiy ee mau e6 sw Khde biét ding ké ve mite ¥ nghia 5%. Tir Bang 3 va Hinh 4 rit ra duoc két ludn & khdi lugng 10 g cho chat long danh gid cdm quan t6t nhat Tir d6, mu c6 khéi lung 10 g duge chon Lam théng sé ¢6 dinh dé thye hign cae thi nghiém tiép theo. 3.3. Khao sat (7 1g mrde vai ca phé Két qua khao sat ty 18 nude voi cd phé théng qua phép thir cho diém thi hiéu durge xir ly va trinh bay @ Bang 4 va Hinh 5 Bang 4. Khao sat ty 18 mude/ca phé (v/w) véi 10 g ca phé trong 10 phat ‘The tich (mL) 60, 80) 100 120 Dim trung binh 2,69" 2,92" 227 2,04" Dé ech chuin 0,59 0,62 0,63 0,50 «a,b €(p < 0.05) is khicbiét 6 nghta thing ké & mic dé tin edy 95% Hinh 5, Khao sat ty 18 nurde v6i cd phé Két qua thu duge 6 Bang 4 va Hinh 5 cho thay voi 10 g ca phé bot, lwong nuéc 6 miu 80 mL duge danh gid cao nhat vé mite dé yéu thich cla ngudi thir cdm quan. Mau ciia dich ca phé giam dan khi tng thé tich nude tir 60 mL, 80 mL, 100 mL va 120 mL. Chon miu 80 mL lam théng sé cé dinh cho céc thi nghiém tiép theo, 34. Khao sit thoi gian pha Két qua khao sat thai gian pha théng qua phép thir cho diém thi hiéu durge xi ly va trinh bay 6 Bang 5 va Hinh 6: 108Thir nghigm sén xudt ca phe tdi loc Bang 5. Khao sat thoi gian pha Thai gian (phiit) 0 3 10 15 20 Diém trung binh 1s7 2,52” 4,14" 4a7 4,00° ‘DO lech chun 0,67 0.60 0,72 0,60 0,70 a, b,c, d (p< 0,05) la si khic bigt c6 y nghia thing ké 6 mitc d6 tin cdy 95% Bang 5 va Hinh 6 cho thy ce mau 6 thoi gian 0 phiit, 5 phat, 15 phut va 20 phut 06 su khie biét v8 mat ¥ nghia thing ké 5%, mu 10 phuit khéng khic miu 15 phit vi miu 20 phiit. Tuy nhién, mau 10 va 15 phut c6 diém trung binh cao nhat. Hinh 6, Khio sit thoi gian pha Xét vé thdi gian miu 10 va 15 phut, wu tién chon mu 10 phiit 14 mu cho san pl chit hong t6t nit 3.5. Dinh gid chit long sin phim 3.5.1. Cie chi tiéu héa by Két qua kiém tra céc chi tigu héa ly cita san phdm ca phé tii loc dugc trinh bay 6 Bang 6 nhu sau: ‘Bang 6. Két qua kiém tra chi tigu hoa ly cua sn phim ca phé tai toc ‘Tén chi tigu_ Phuong phap thir Két qua Him am TCWN 7035:2002 5.28% Ham lrong tro tong s6 TCVN 5253 - 90 675% TCVN 9723:2013, Ham long cafein 2.29/1002 Quang phé dao ham bac I [7] 3.5.2. Chi tiéu vi sinh Bang 7. Két qua kiém tra chi Tén chi tu Phuong pha thir Don vi tinh “Tang sé vi khuin TTCVN 4884-2005 au higu khi (ISO 4833:2003) phap dém s6 cé xac suat lon) 8 ; 5 ‘CYN 8275-12 winmennin nie] TOWNES 1200 ° cru 3.5.3. Dah gid ccm quan chat heong sin phim Phép thir cho diém chit ugng theo TCVN 2315 ~ 79, phurong phip nay durge sit dung 48 anh gid ting quat tinh trang chat Iuong san phim cd phé tii loc doc cho diém véi thang diém 109Phan Thi Thanh Diéu, Nguyén Huynh Bach Long Son, Lit Thi Méng Thy,... ty 0 dén 5 diém boi 15 thanh vien danh gia cho két qua tinh toan vi ting diém trong sé 1a 16,34 diém nim trong mite diém cho phép. Chat Iuong sin phim ca phé tli loc dat dirge sy chap nhdn cua héi déng danh gid, cde chi tiéu quan trong nhat > 3,8 va xép 6 ep d6 kha. 4. KET LUAN K&t qua cho thay véi cdc loai gidy loc khdc nhau, cde théng sé vé khéi Iuong ca phé, ty Je nurée, thai gian pha khéc nhau s€ anh hung dén chat Iweng dich ca phé. Tir cic két qua nghién ciru trén, dé tai dd xy dung durge quy trinh sin xuat cd phé tdi loc. Déng thoi giai quyét duge cae van dé da dat ra 1a tao ra durge san pham ca phé tién Ioi, phi hop voi nhiéu déi tugng va dam bao stic khoe cho ngudi tiéu ding. Két qua thi nghiém da xdc dinh duge cdc diéu kign t6i wu cua san phim ca phé ti loc gém: Khéi Ivgng ca phé: 10 g, long nude pha: 80 mL, thoi gian pha: 10 phat. TAI LIEU THAM KHAO 1. Nguyén Thi Hién, Nguyén Van Tang - Céng nghé bao quan va ché bién Tra - Ca phé - Ca Cao, Nha xudt ban Lao ding, 2002. 2. Tinh hinh xudt nhap khdu ca phé nude ta nam 2016: nhing con sé ndi bat, Cue Xue tién Thuong mai, 2005 (truy cap ngay 16/10/2016 12:23). 3. Barone J. J., Roberts H. - Caffeine consumption, Food and Chemical Toxicology 34 (1996) 119-129 4, Farah A. - Coffee as a specialty and functional beverage, Functional and Specialty Beverage Technology 15 (2009) 370-371 5. Farah A. — Coffee constituents, in Coffee: Emerging health effects and disease prevention (ed. Y. F. Chu), Wiley-Blackwell, Oxford, UK, 2012. 6. Ha Duyén Tu - Ky thuat phan tich cam quan thc phim, NXB Khoa hoc KY thuat, Ha Ni, 2006. 7. Talsky, G. - Derivative spectrophotometry low and higher order, VCH Verlagsgesellschaft mbH, Weinheim, Germany (1994) 1-223. ABSTRACT EXPERIMENT IN PRODUCTION OF DRIP BAG COFFEE, Phan Thi Thanh Dieu'"”, Nguyen Huynh Bach Son Long’, Lu Thi Mong Thy’, Vo Pham Phuong Trang" ‘Ho Chi Minh City University of Food Industry “Lac Hong University “Email: dieupt@entp.eduyn Coffee is not only a drink widely used but also a high potential item for exporting. This study aims to survey and select the appropriate parameters to produce a convenient product for coffee consumers. Coffee bag with a volume of 10 g coffee powder and 80 mL water, in 10 minutes is considered to be suitable parameters, Keywords: Coffee, drip bag coffee, caffeine. 110