Emission-free production of hydrogen in refineries

- Improved product quality and reduced GHG emissions

ERTC 2019, Warsaw

.... Developing Clean Energy Technology

HYDROGEN / CCS APPLICATIONS

Large scale, emission free hydrogen production from natural gas -

-
Power generation
Gas networks
- Transportation & Marine
- Industry (energy & feedstock)

Hydrogen production for reduction of CO2-emission from oil and gas - Power / heat generation
- Compression
production (onshore and offshore)

- Oil refining => cracking/sulfur removal

- Emission reduction from refineries and
Hydrogen production in refineries and chemical plants chemical plants
- Hydrogen to new markets
 Compact technology for hydrogen
production, with CCUS for cleaner
Emission free hydrogen production and CCS-studies oil and gas production.

Demo-Project
Process architecture: Emission free hydrogen production
from natural gas
• Emission free hydrogen production
• CCS value chains Global hydrogen
production
Market analysis
Large fuel cells

Market analysis

Oppstrøms H2 produksjon med CO2-fangst og EOR

Tjeldbergodden
Hydrogen Hydrogen
to Tizir
Hydrogen
Powerplant
with CCS

2011 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019

It is technical feasible to produce large quantities of
emission free blue hydrogen at a much lower cost than
green hydrogen.
Conventional production of hydrogen

CO2-emission to air CO2-emission to air

Natural gas Conventional Hydrogen + CO2 Hydrogen to market

reforming WGS H2 separation
(SMR)

Overall Carbon Capture Rate: 0%

Process energy efficiency: ~70%
Typical hydrogen production cost: 1€/kg
Energy conversion cost from natural gas to hydrogen: 0.008 €/kWh (+30%)
Conventional production of hydrogen inc. CCS

CO2-emission to air CO2-emission to air

Natural gas Conventional Hydrogen + CO2 Hydrogen to market

CO2 and H2
reforming WGS
separation
(SMR)

Overall Carbon Capture Rate: ~65%

CO2 to utilization
Process energy efficiency : ~70% or storage
Typical hydrogen production cost (inc. Carbon Capture): 1.5 €/kg
Energy conversion cost from natural gas to hydrogen: 0.02 €/kWh (+90%)
Emission-free* production of hydrogen

CO2-emission to air CO2-emission to air

Natural gas Emission free Hydrogen + CO2 Hydrogen to market

CO2 and H2
reforming WGS
separation
technology

Overall Carbon Capture Rate: *97%

CO2 to utilization
Process energy efficiency : ~80% or storage
Typical hydrogen production cost (inc. Carbon Capture): 1.5 €/kg
Energy conversion cost from natural gas to hydrogen: 0.02 €/kWh (+90%)
Emission cuts are necessary, but don`t come for free. Converting
natural gas into emission free hydrogen almost doubles the
energy cost per kWh.
Feasibility study for Equinor – «Emission free hydrogen production»

• Commercial demo plant

• Demonstration of emission free
hydrogen production
• Total CCS value chain
• Carbon Capture Rate: 97%
Refinery CO2 emitters (example)

CO2 emissions
CO2 distribution: 26% 41% 22% 11%

HT

HDCK Power Steam

HMU Heaters CoGen FCC

Hydrogen

Refinery fuel gas Air

NG
Natural gas pipeline
 RHFHP for CO2 reduction
CO2 emissions

HT

HDCK Steam
Heaters CoGen Power FCC

Hydrogen
CO2 Refinery FG
REFHP*
Air

NG

Natural gas pipeline

CO2 export pipeline

*REFHP: Reinertsen Emission Free Hydrogen Production

 From SMR to REFHP for CO2 reduction

Hydrogen production: 1.0 €/kg

+
Emission free production and carbon capture: 0.5 €/kg
=
1.5 €/kg
=
Total CO2 void cost: 62.5 €/ton
 Hydrogen-fired refinery; > 85% CO2 reduction
CO2 emissions
H2O H2 O

HT

HDCK Steam
Heaters CoGen Power FCC

CO2 Hydrogen
REFHP*
Air

Refinery FG

NG

Natural gas pipeline

CO2 export pipeline

*REFHP: Reinertsen Emission Free Hydrogen Production

The CO2 void cost by producing emission free hydrogen for the HT,
HDCK, Heaters and CoGen:
200 €/ton
CO2 void cost inc. CO2 storage cost

Estimated CO2 storage cost: 65 €/ton

Corresponding to ~0.5 €/kg hydrogen

Total CO2 void cost 125 – 260 €/ton

Hydrogen to external (new) markets

• Domestic heating – «H21»

• Power production – «Magnum»
• Back-up/swing capacity for wind and
solar power Hydrogen to
external markets
• Trasportation fuel (marine)
• Industry
Hydrogen will have a substantial role in the future energy mix. To
be a sustainable alternative to green hydrogen, the hydrogen
production from natural gas must be emission free.

Refineries with CCS-ability, gas networks, major gas pipelines,

power plants and cables can kick-start building of hydrogen
infrastructure.
Hydrogen Mem-Tech AS
Hydrogen separation technology
Palladium membranes

H
Palladium – Transition metal H
Hydrogen to market
H
Pd77Ag23 alloy C2 H

100% hydrogen selective Syngas

H H
H H H
H H
Membrane thickness: 2-5 µm CO2 H H CO2
H
H CO2
H
H
CO2
H
H

H HH
CO2 H
CO2 H
H CO2
CO2 H

CO2

CO2 CO2 for storage

CO2
 Palladium membranes – from innovation to market

2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019

Test-rig at Equinor’s Testing

Feasibility study Concept phase FEED-study
methanol plant
X-002 Hydrogen Separator

Dimensions
• Diameter: 1 300 mm
• Height: 2 300 mm
• Weight: 5 000 kg

Utilities:
• Electricity (membrane safety system)
• Nitrogen (process safety system / flushing)
X-002 Hydrogen Separator

Typical process conditions

• Inlet flow (syngas): 10 000 Nm3/h
• Inlet temperature: 300°C - 450°C
• Hydrogen Recovery Factor: 92%
• Hydrogen purity: 99.99%
• Maximum differential pressure*: 25 barg

*Syngas flow and hydrogen flow

X-002 Hydrogen Separator

Membrane benefits
• Low Cost
• High Hydrogen Recovery Factor
• Pure hydrogen
• Small footprint / weight
• No moving parts
• Flexible turn-down ratio
• High CO2 outlet pressure (CCS)
Production facilities

Trondheim, Norway
Full scale, industrial production line in operation from 2019
Roundtable 3 – Warsaw Hall V (16:55 – 17:40)

Topic:
«How the production of blue hydrogen in refineries can reduce GHG emissions, improve
products and kick-start decarbonisation of neighbouring regions»

Dr. Torkild Reinertsen

Owner & Chairman
REINERTSEN New Energy & Hydrogen Mem-Tech
Thank you for your attention!