Mechanical Components 1

Overview
 Mechanical Components
• This Lecture Will Provide an Overview of
Mechanical Components and Application
Examples
• Next Lecture Will Go Into More Detail
Including Analysis and Sizing of Certain
Components
Testing Machine
Racing Tricycle
Racing Tricycle
Racing Tricycle Completed
 Mechanical Components
• Components To Be Covered
– Bearings
– Power Transmission
• Belts
• Chains
• Gears
– Springs
– Power Screws
– Linkages
– Couplings
 Bearings
• Allow Relative Rotary or Linear Motion
With Reduced Friction
• Two Major Types
– Plane
– Antifriction
• Others
– Air, Magnetic
 Bearings
• Plane Bearings
– Radial or Thrust or
Linear
– Bronze, Teflon, Delrin Linear Bearing
– Lower Cost

Snap-on
Thrust Bearing
Thrust bearing
 Bearings
• Antifriction
– Radial or Thrust or
Linear
– Usually Steel
Ball Bearing
– Ball, Roller, Needle
– More Expensive

Roller Bearing Roller Bearing Dimensions

Examples of Bearings

Needle Bearings

Air Bearings
 Bearings
• Design Issues
– Cost
– Friction
– Mounting
– Sizing
• Load
• RPM
• Life
 Bearing Mounting Examples

Bearing Mounted Bearing Mounted Parallel

Perpendicular to Shaft Rotation to Shaft Rotation
 Power Transmission
• Transmission of Rotary Motion Between
Two or More Shafts
– Belts
– Chain
– Gears
 Belts
• V-Belts
– Relatively Inexpensive
• Round Belts
– Can Make Custom Belt Lengths
– Can Make Pulleys
– Relatively Inexpensive
• Gearbelt or Timing Belts
– Positive Drive
– More Expensive
 Belt Examples
V-Belts: Timing Belts:

Round Belts:

Solid Vs. Hollow Round Belt Adjustable Length Round Belt

 Chain
• Positive Drive
• Inexpensive-Bicycle Components
• More Expensive-Industrial
Components

Single Strand Chains Vs. Double Strand Chains

 Gears
• Positive Drive
• Can Transmit Power Between Both
Parallel Shafts and Shafts At Various
Angles
– Spur
– Helical
– Bevel
– Worm
 Gear Examples

Worm Gears Bevel Gears

Spur Gears Helical Gears

 Gears
• Materials
– Brass, Steel, Cast Iron, Plastic
• Wide Range Of Cost
– RC Gears: Relatively Inexpensive
– Industrial Gears: More Expensive
• Sensitive To Mounting Distance
– Most Hold Center to Center Distance
Tolerances
 Springs
• Three Major Types
– Compression
– Extension
– Constant Force
• Many Others
– Leaf
– Torsional
– Others
 Spring Examples
Compression Springs:

Open Ended Spring Ground Squared End Spring

Extension Springs:

Regular Extension Springs Special End Extension Safety Draw Bar

Springs Extension Spring
Spring Examples Cont.
Constant Force Springs:

Torsion Springs:

Torsion Spring Dimensions

 Springs
• Spring Constant
• F = KX
• Example
– Compression Springs In Parallel
• F = (K1 + K2)X
– Compression Springs in Series
• F = ((K1K2)/(K1+K2))X
 Power Screws
• Used For Raising Weights or Exerting
Forces in Machines
– Square
– Acme
– Buttress
– Ball
 Power Screw Examples
Acme Power Screw: Ball Power Screws:

Ball Screws

Ball Screw Mounts

 Linkages
• Mechanical
Advantage
• Motion Generation
• Mechanical Logic
 Couplings
• Join Two Shafts Together
– Connection
– Allow For Misalignment
– Allow For Rotation
– Absorb Shock