Examples on the Slope-Deflection Method

Example 1
For the shown frame, draw the internal straining actions using the Method of Slope-
Deflection.

Solution

In this Structure , the No. D.O.F = 3 ( θc , θd , ∆ ) .

Step 1 : Fixed End Moments

Mdc = - Mcd = 2 x ( 12 )2 / 12 = 24 t.m

Step 2 : Member End Moments

2 EI
M ac = ( 2 θ a + θ c ) − 6 EI ∆ , but θa = 0.0 , then
6 36

EI
M ac = ( θ c ) − EI ∆ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ( 1 )
3 6

2 EI
M ca = ( 2 θ c + θ a ) − 6 EI ∆ , then
6 36

EI
M ca = ( 2 θ c ) − EI ∆ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ( 2 )
3 6

2 ( 2 EI )
M cd = ( 2 θ c + θ d ) − 24 , then
12

2 EI EI
M cd = θc + θ d − 24 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ( 3 )
3 3

2 ( 2 EI )
M dc = ( 2 θ d + θ c ) + 24 , then
12

2 EI EI
M dc = θd + θ c + 24 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ( 4 )
3 3

2 EI
M bd = ( 2 θ b + θ d ) − 6 EI ∆ , but θ b = 0.0 , then
6 36

EI
M bd = ( θ d ) − EI ∆ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ( 5 )
3 6
 2 EI
M db = ( 2 θ d + θ b ) − 6 EI ∆ , then
6 36

2 EI
M db = ( θ d ) − EI ∆ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ( 6 )
3 6

Step 3 : Equilibrium Equations

A - Σ M @ C = 0.0

i.e. Mca + Mcd = 0.0 , then

4 EI EI
EIθ c + θd − ∆ − 24 = 0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ( 7 )
3 3 6

B - Σ M @ D = 0.0

i.e. Mdc + Mdb = 0.0 , then

4 EI EI
EIθ d + θc − ∆ + 24 = 0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ( 8 )
3 3 6

C - Σ X = 0.0

i.e. X a + X b + 6 = 0.0 , then

M ac + M ca M bd + M db
+ +6=0
6 6
2 EI
EIθ c + EIθ d − ∆ + 36 = 0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ( 9 )
3

By solving equations ( 7 , 8 , 9) simultaneously , the unknown deformations are as

follows :

222 114 540

θc = radian , θ d = − radian , ∆ = meter
7 EI 7 EI 7 EI

Step 4 : Member End Moments ( Back Substitution into Equations 1 to 6 )

Mac = - 16 / 7 = -2.286 t.m

Mca = 58 / 7 = 8.286 t.m
Mcd = - 58 / 7 = - 8.286 t.m
Mdc = 166 / 7 = 23.714 t.m
Mdb = - 166 / 7 = - 23.714 t.m
Mbd = - 128 / 7 = - 18.285 t.m

Step 5 : Member End Forces ( Using the Free-Body-Diagram )

Step 6 : Internal Straining Actions Diagrams

 Example 2
For the shown frame, draw the internal straining actions using the Method of Slope-
Deflection.

Solution

In this Structure , the No. D.O.F = 5 (θd , θcl , θcr , θe , ∆ ) .

Step 1 : Fixed End Moments

Mec = - Mce = 3 x ( 8 )2 / 12 = 16 t.m

Step 2 : Member End Moments

2 (1.5 EI )
M ad = ( 2θ a + θ d ) − 6 (1.5 EI ) ∆ , but θa = 0.0 , then
3 9

M ad = EI ( θ d ) − EI ∆ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ( 1 )

2 (1.5 EI )
M da = ( 2θ d + θ a ) − 6 (1.5EI ) ∆ , then
3 9

M da = 2 EI ( θ d ) − EI ∆ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ( 2 )

2 ( 2.5EI )
M dc = ( 2θ d + θ cl ) + 6(2.5EI ) × ( 5 ∆ ) , then
5 25 3

M dc = 2 EI θ c + θ cl + EI ∆ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ( 3 )

2 ( 2.5 EI )
M cd = ( 2θ cl + θ d ) + 6(2.5EI ) × ( 5 ∆ ) , then
5 25 3

M cd = EI θ d + 2 EI θ c + EI ∆ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . ( 4 )

2 ( 4 EI )
M ce = ( 2 θ cr + θ e ) − 6 (4 EI
2
) 4
× ( ∆ ) − 16 , then
8 8 3

EI
M ce = 2 EI ( θ cr ) + EIθ e − ∆ − 16 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ( 5 )
2

2 ( 4 EI )
M ec = ( θ cr + 2θ e ) − 6 (4 EI
2
) 4
× ( ∆ ) + 16 , then
8 8 3
 EI
M ec = EI ( θ cr ) + 2 EIθ e − ∆ + 16 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ( 6 )
2

2(3EI )
M eb = ( 2θ e + θ b ) , but θ b = 0.0 , then
6
Meb = 2EI θ e . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ( 7)

2(3EI )
M be = ( θ e + 2θ b ) = EIθ e ......................(8)
6

Step 3 : Equilibrium Equations

A - Σ M @ D = 0.0

i.e. Mda + Mdc = 0.0 , then

4 EIθ d + EIθ cl = 0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ( 9 )

B- Mcd = 0 , then

EIθ d + 2 EIθ cl + EI ∆ = 0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (10)

C- Mce = 0 , then

EI
2 EIθ cr + EIθ e − ∆ − 16 = 0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (11)
2

D - Σ M @ E = 0.0

i.e. Mec + Meb = 0.0 , then

EI
4 EIθ e + EIθ cr − ∆ + 16 = 0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ( 12 )
2

E - Σ X = 0.0

i.e. X a + X b + Xe + 6 = 0.0 , then

M ad + M da M eb + M be 1.5M ce + 1.5M ec − M ad − M be − 66
+ + +6=0
3 6 6

5 5 1 5
EIθ d + EIθ e + EIθ cr − EI ∆ − 1 = 0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ( 13 )
6 6 4 8

By solving equations ( 9 → 13 ) simultaneously , the unknown deformations are as

follows :
 1.4026 5.61039
θd = − radian , θ cl = radian ,
EI EI
9.324675 7.55844 9.81818
θ cr = radian , θ e = − radian , ∆ = − meter
EI EI EI

Step 4 : Member End Moments ( Back Substitution into Equations 1 to 8 )

Mad = 8.41558 t.m

Mda = 7.01299 t.m
Mdc = - 7.01299 t.m
Mcd = 0.0
Mce = 0.0
Mec = 15.1169 t.m
Meb = -15.1169 t.m
Mbe = -7.55844 t.m

Step 5 : Member End Forces ( Using the Free-Body-Diagram )

Step 6 : Internal Straining Actions Diagrams