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  • Zidovudine

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    Wyeth Earl Padar Endriano
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    Zidovudine (Retrovir) is a nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor used to treat HIV infection in combination with other antiretroviral agents. It works by interfering with the HIV virus's RNA-dependent DNA polymerase enzyme, preventing viral replication. Common side effects include nausea, headache, abdominal pain, and asthenia. Nurses should monitor patients for signs of anemia, granulocytopenia, and neurotoxicity. Baseline labs should be obtained and the patient educated on dosing, potential side effects, and when to notify the provider.

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    Zidovudine (Retrovir) is a nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor used to treat HIV infection in combination with other antiretroviral agents. It works by interfering with the HIV virus's RNA-dependent DNA polymerase enzyme, preventing viral replication. Common side effects include nausea, headache, abdominal pain, and asthenia. Nurses should monitor patients for signs of anemia, granulocytopenia, and neurotoxicity. Baseline labs should be obtained and the patient educated on dosing, potential side effects, and when to notify the provider.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    1K views2 pages

    Zidovudine

    Uploaded by

    Wyeth Earl Padar Endriano
    Zidovudine (Retrovir) is a nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor used to treat HIV infection in combination with other antiretroviral agents. It works by interfering with the HIV virus's RNA-dependent DNA polymerase enzyme, preventing viral replication. Common side effects include nausea, headache, abdominal pain, and asthenia. Nurses should monitor patients for signs of anemia, granulocytopenia, and neurotoxicity. Baseline labs should be obtained and the patient educated on dosing, potential side effects, and when to notify the provider.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    DRUG NAME MECHANISM OF ACTION INDICATION CONTRAINDICATIONS SIDE NURSING CONSIDERATION

    EFFECTS/ADVERSE
    EFFECTS
    Zidovodine (Retrovir) Interferes with viral RNA- Contraindications: life Expected (46%- Baseline Assessment
    dependent DNA polymerase, an Treatment of HIV infection 42%): Nausea,
    threatening allergic Avoid drugs that are
    Pharmacotherapeutic: enzyme necessary for viral HIV in combination with other headache. Frequent
    reactions to nephrotoxic, cytotoxic,
    Nucleaside reverse replication, reducing progression antiretroviral agents. (20%-16%):
    Prevention of zidovudine or its myelosuppressive; may
    transcriptase inhibitors. of HIV components. Abdominal pain, increase risk of toxicity. Obtain
    Clinical: Antivirals maternal/fetal HIV asthenia, rash,
    transmission. OFF-LABEL: Cautions: Bone specimens for viral diagnostic
    fever, acne.
    Prophylaxis in health care marrow compromise, tests before starting therapy
    Dosage: Adults, elderly, Occasional (12-8%):
    workers at risk for renal/hepatic (therapy may begin before
    children older than 12 yes: Diarrhea, anorexia,
    acquiring HIV after dysfunction, results are obtained). Check
    200mg q8h or 300mg q12h. malaise, myalgia,
    occupational exposure. decreased hepatic drowsiness. Rare (6- hematology reports for
    blood flow. 5%): Dizziness, accurate baseline.
    paresthesia,
    vomiting, insomnia, Intervention/Evaluation
    dyspnea, altered Monitor CBC, Hgb, MCV,
    taste. reticulocyte count, CD4 cell
    count, HIV RNA plasma levels.
    Adverse
    Check for bleeding. Assess for
    effects/toxic
    headache, dizziness. Monitor
    reactions:
    daily pattern of bowel activity,
    Anemia (occurring stool consistency. Evaluate
    most commonly skin for acne, rash. Be alert to
    after 4-6 wks of development of opportunistic
    therapy), infections (fever, chills, cough,
    Granulocytopenia myalgia). Monitor I&O, serum
    are particularly renal/hepatic function tests.
    significant in pts Check for insomnia.
    with pretherapy low
    baselines. Patient/Family Teaching
    Neurotoxicity • Doses should be evenly
    (ataxia, fatigue, spaced around the clock.
    lethargy, nystagmus, • Zidovudine is not a cure for
    seizures) may occur. HIV infection, nor does it
    reduce risk of transmission to
    others. Acts to reduce
    symptoms and slows or arrests
    progress of disease.
    • Do not take any medications
    without physician’s approval.
    • Bleeding from gums, nose,
    rectum may occur and should
    be reported to physician
    immediately
    • Blood counts are essential
    because of bleeding potential.
    • Dental work should be done
    before therapy or after blood
    counts return to normal (often
    wks after therapy has
    stopped).
    • Inform physician if muscle
    weakness, difficulty breathing,
    headache, inability to sleep,
    unusual bleeding, rash, signs
    of infection occur.

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