Process Requirements For Kiln System

The kiln system has to be able to allow a chemical process to take place, which converts raw meal into clinker. Since
this process as a whole is endothermic and takes place at temperatures up to 1450 ºC, it is also referred to as
preprocess.
Type of reaction and temperature development is compiled in the table below.
Temperature ranges (ºC) Type of reaction

Heating Up
20 - 100 Evaporation of free H2O
100 - 300 Loss of physically absorbed water
Removal of structural H2O (H2O and OH groups) from
400 - 900
clay minerals
> 500 Structural changes in silicate minerals
600 - 900 Dissociation of carbonates (CO2 driven out)
Formation of belite, intermediate products, aluminate and
> 800
ferrite
> 1250 Formation of liquid phase (aluminate and ferrite melt)
Completion of reaction and re-crystallization of alite and
approx. 1450
belite
Cooling
Crystallization of liquid phase into mainly aluminate and
1300 - 1240
ferrite
Kiln Process