THE ROLE OF BIODIVERSITY TO THE SOCIETY

• COMPONENTS OF THE EARTH’S BIODIVERSITY

1. Species Diversity
2. Genetic Diversity
3. Ecological Diversity
4. Functional Diversity

COMPONENTS OF THE EARTH’S BIODIVERSITY

1. Species Diversity
• Depends on the richness and mathematical abundance of
species. The distribution of organism is governed by time
and space. Taxonomic studies classify names of vast
species of living organisms and identify them using the TYPES OF COMPONENTS IN AN ECOSYSTEM
binomial system of nomenclature. BIOTIC FACTORS
• Science Daily Journal mentioned that 8.7 million is the • Are the living components
estimate total number of species on Earth, with 6.5 million • Plants produce food through photosynthesis converting
(terrestrial) and 2.2 million (marine). light energy to become glucose
• 86% (terrestrial species) and 91% (marine species) remain • Animals are the consumers that exists as herbivore,
undiscovered. carnivore, and detritivore.
• COMPONENTS OF THE EARTH’S BIODIVERSITY ABIOTIC FACTORS
2. Genetic Diversity • Are the non-living components that facilitate the stable
• Is the variation of genetic characteristics of all living functions of an ecosystem as well as the living organisms.
organisms.
• Similarities and differences of traits are visible in the
physical characteristics handed down from parents to
offspring.
• Recombination of traits occurs in sexual reproduction
producing unique characteristics making the organism
different from one another
• The presence of genetic variety is important during a shift
in environmental conditions for species survival.
• Recombination of traits occurs in sexual reproduction
producing unique characteristics making the organism
different from one another
• The presence of genetic variety is important during a shift
in environmental conditions for species survival.
3. Ecological Diversity IMPORTANCE OF BIODIVERSITY TO SOCIETY
• Is the variety of terrestrial ecosystems made up of  AESTHETIC VALUE
different forests and aquatic ecosystems with freshwater,  DIRECT ECONOMIC VALUE
saltwater, and brackish water.  INDIRECT ECONOMIC VALUE
4. Functional Diversity  RECREATIONAL VALUE
• Refers to the use of different biological and chemical  HUMAN HEALTH VALUE
processes that entail the flow of energy and recycling of  ETHICAL VALUE
nutrients from producers to consumers.
THREATS OF BIODIVERSITY

CONTAMINATION OF DRINKING WATER

- Microorganisms, pesticides and herbicidal contamination
of potable water affect the health of the consumers.
POLLUTION
- Contamination of unwanted materials in water, air and
land by major pollutants affects terrestrial and marine
ecosystems.
FOOD SAFETY
- Foods contaminated by viruses, bacteria, fungus and toxic
chemicals are already considered unfit for consumption.

DEFORESTATION
SYMBIOTIC RELATIONSHIP IN AN ECOSYSTEM - Cutting and destruction of trees threatens flooding,
• The activity and association of the same or different increase concentration of CO2 in the atmosphere and
organisms in a community depict different ways of species elevates global warming.
interaction.
1. Competition MINING
2. Predation - Extraction of valuable minerals devastate the balance in
3. Parasitism the ecosystem, contaminate water system and degrades
4. Commensalism the environment.
5. Mutualism
LEVELS OF ECOLOGICAL ORGANIZATION
 One of the attributes of a living organism is its cellular
organization making the cell a unit of life.
 Louis Pasteur, a French microbiologist, was one who
conceptualized that living things came from other living
things (Theory of Biogenesis).
 Rudolph Virchow promulgates the idea that a cell came
from pre-existing cells.