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Total hardness is a total of Calcium & Magnesium salts present in water. Hard water creates operational
difficulties with Boilers, Cooling plants Heat exchangers or in domestic use of water. Also Hardness in
process water is a critical parameter in many chemical processes. Whenever heat transfer takes place,
with water as medium, hard water creates scaling on heating surfaces making heat-transfer progressively
inefficient. Daily monitoring & control of water hardness at such places is important, as it can cause
inefficient operation/failure of such equipment.
Indian standard IS 10500 specifies following limits for drinking water
Desirable limit ( max. ) : 300 ppm
Permissible limit ( max. ) : 600 ppm
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