BBL 432 : Fluid Solid Systems

Final Evaluation

Answer all questions. Maximum marks 60

1. (i) Explain how one may use the data from batch sedimentation experiments to
design a continuous settler.
(ii) Theoretically, the required area of a continuous thickener can be decreased by
increasing the downward velocity. However, this may not always be desirable.
Why? [15]

2. (i) Explain the importance of different resistance factors considered in filtration

design. What is the significance of the nature of filter cake?
(ii) Show the differences and similarity between batch and continuous filtration
system designs [15]

3. A maximum flow rate of 50 litres/min was achieved for the centrifugation of

bacteria cells in a tubular centrifuge. The cells were 2.0 μm in diameter and had a
density of 1.08 g/cm3. The medium had a density of 1.01 g/cm3 and viscosity of
1.2 cp. It is desired to centrifuge yeast cells in this same centrifuge. The yeast
cells have a diameter of 5.0 μm and a density of 1.10 g/cm3. The medium has a
density of 1.02 g/cm3 and a viscosity of 1.3 cp. Estimate the maximum flow rate
that can be used to centrifuge the yeast cells. [15]

4. A bench-top centrifuge is designed to pellet material rapidly from a small amount

of sample. The unit holds six micro test tubes, each 0.8 cm in diameter and 3.0 cm
in height. The test tubes are held at a 45o angle to the axis of rotation. If the
centrifuge reaches 95000 rpm in 15 sec, how long will it take to clarify a liquid
containing protein aggregates of 0.2 µm diameter and of a density difference
0.002 g/cm3 [15]