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"Research is to see what everybody else has seen, and to think what nobody else has thought." (Albert Szent-Györgyi – 1937 Nobel Prize for Medicine)
Success in life comes when you simply refuse to give up, with goals so strong that obstacles, failure, and loss only act as motivation. (Anonymous)
SALES:
http://www.lulu.com/spotlight/moriscoricote
Introduction
Attribution of authorship is a long-standing problem in text analysis, and indeed in the
humanities in general. JGAAP is software designed for textual analysis, categorization,
and attribution of authorship. The JGAAP 5.1 User Guide gives a method for textual
analysis. JGAAP relies on an authorship attribute database to find out who wrote a
given text. This is called “closed class” attribution. It heavily relies on a number of
various author stylometric definitions to provide the researcher with an accurate
answer1.
1
JUOLA, Patrick (2009) JGAAP: A System for Comparative Evaluation of Authorship Attribution. In:
JDHCS 2009, Volume 1 Number 1, pp. 1-5
1
Academia de Estudios Humanísticos de Blanca Valle de Ricote (Murcia) Spain
The Ricote Valley was the last Islamic refuge in the Iberian Peninsula
The new powerful Dama (Chess Queen) in the New Chess (1475) The new powerful dama in the Draughts/Checkers (1495) game
"Research is to see what everybody else has seen, and to think what nobody else has thought." (Albert Szent-Györgyi – 1937 Nobel Prize for Medicine)
Success in life comes when you simply refuse to give up, with goals so strong that obstacles, failure, and loss only act as motivation. (Anonymous)
SALES:
http://www.lulu.com/spotlight/moriscoricote
In the Eternal City Luis de Lucena attended the Academy of Virtuosi2 supported by
Cardinal Domenico Grimani, a great friend of Erasmus of Rotterdam. This study
formed one of the heterodox circles that were active in Rome at that time. Another
outstanding group of intellectuals was that of Juan de Viterbo: Sepulveda, Paez de
Castro, the ambassador Diego Hurtado de Mendoza (1503-1575), cousin of the Duke of
the Infantado, and with all of them Luis de Lucena3. Diego Hurtado de Mendoza was
Ambassador in Venice from 1539 to 1545. Thereafter he was Ambassador in Rome
(1547-1553). Both Diego Hurtado de Mendoza and Luis de Lucena were collectors of
coins4.
Truman5 states that on 5 September 1548 a letter was published with the title Historia
de los Successos de la Guerra che la Magestad del Invitíssimo Don Carlos Emperador
de los Romanos, y Rey de España, y Alemania, hizo contra los príncipes, y Ciudades
rebelde de Alemania, y del fin que tuuo. The author was Pedro de Salazar. Since the
XVI century scholars were of the opinion that Diego Hurtado de Mendoza wrote the
letter Carta del Bachiller de Arcadia, y respuesta del capitán Salazar. They had a good
reason for thinking that, because in the letter the Bachiller writes: “A mí me vinieron a
la boca todos estos disparates oyendo leer vuestro libro en casa del Embajador”.
Moreover the letter finished with the following words:
Mi nombre hallaréis firmado aquí debajo. Si por él no me conociéredes, no curéis más dello. Basta
que si quisiéredes responder, lo podréis hacer encaminando vuestras cartas á Roma, sobreescriptas
al Bachiller, en manos del Señor Don Diego de Mendoza, nuestro Embajador, que Su Excelencia
tendrá cuidado de enviármelas. Pero tornóos á avisar que miréis por el virote y juguéis limpio y no
de llano, pues no hay por qué dejemos de ser amigos. Vuestro amigo — El Bachiller.
2
GÜNTHER, Hubertus (2002) Gli studi antiquari per I Accademia della Virtù. In: TUTTLE, Richard J.: Jacopo
Barozzi da Vignola, Mailand 2002, pp. 126-128
3
HERRERA CASADO, Antonio (1975) La Capilla de Luis de Lucena: una guia para conocerla y
visitarla. Aache Ediciones. Guadalajara, p. 32
4
DORMER, Diego (1680) Progresso de la historia en el reyno de Aragón y elogios de Gerónimo Zurita, su primer
cronista, del consejo del señor Rey don Felipe ...., Zaragoza, p. 239
CLEMENCÍN, Diego (1821) Memorias de la Real Academia de la Historia, Tomo Vi. Madrid, p. 424
5
RUTHERFORD, John (20001). A forgotten comic gem: The ‘Carta del Bachiller de Arcadia’. In: Culture and
Society in Habsburg Spain. Edited by Nigel Griffin, Clive Griffin, Eric Sourhworth, and Colin Thompson. Tamesis,
London, pp. 49-56. Citation on p. 51.
2
Academia de Estudios Humanísticos de Blanca Valle de Ricote (Murcia) Spain
The Ricote Valley was the last Islamic refuge in the Iberian Peninsula
The new powerful Dama (Chess Queen) in the New Chess (1475) The new powerful dama in the Draughts/Checkers (1495) game
"Research is to see what everybody else has seen, and to think what nobody else has thought." (Albert Szent-Györgyi – 1937 Nobel Prize for Medicine)
Success in life comes when you simply refuse to give up, with goals so strong that obstacles, failure, and loss only act as motivation. (Anonymous)
SALES:
http://www.lulu.com/spotlight/moriscoricote
With this information we now have a perfect opportunity to test the validity and
effectiveness of the JGAAP program if the work Arcadia was indeed written by Diego
Hurtado de Mendoza. We applied the Character NGrams n:1, n:2, n:3, n:4, and n:5 in
our five analyses and the results were the following:
3
Academia de Estudios Humanísticos de Blanca Valle de Ricote (Murcia) Spain
The Ricote Valley was the last Islamic refuge in the Iberian Peninsula
The new powerful Dama (Chess Queen) in the New Chess (1475) The new powerful dama in the Draughts/Checkers (1495) game
"Research is to see what everybody else has seen, and to think what nobody else has thought." (Albert Szent-Györgyi – 1937 Nobel Prize for Medicine)
Success in life comes when you simply refuse to give up, with goals so strong that obstacles, failure, and loss only act as motivation. (Anonymous)
SALES:
http://www.lulu.com/spotlight/moriscoricote
4
Academia de Estudios Humanísticos de Blanca Valle de Ricote (Murcia) Spain
The Ricote Valley was the last Islamic refuge in the Iberian Peninsula
The new powerful Dama (Chess Queen) in the New Chess (1475) The new powerful dama in the Draughts/Checkers (1495) game
"Research is to see what everybody else has seen, and to think what nobody else has thought." (Albert Szent-Györgyi – 1937 Nobel Prize for Medicine)
Success in life comes when you simply refuse to give up, with goals so strong that obstacles, failure, and loss only act as motivation. (Anonymous)
SALES:
http://www.lulu.com/spotlight/moriscoricote
5
Academia de Estudios Humanísticos de Blanca Valle de Ricote (Murcia) Spain
The Ricote Valley was the last Islamic refuge in the Iberian Peninsula
The new powerful Dama (Chess Queen) in the New Chess (1475) The new powerful dama in the Draughts/Checkers (1495) game
"Research is to see what everybody else has seen, and to think what nobody else has thought." (Albert Szent-Györgyi – 1937 Nobel Prize for Medicine)
Success in life comes when you simply refuse to give up, with goals so strong that obstacles, failure, and loss only act as motivation. (Anonymous)
SALES:
http://www.lulu.com/spotlight/moriscoricote
6
Academia de Estudios Humanísticos de Blanca Valle de Ricote (Murcia) Spain
The Ricote Valley was the last Islamic refuge in the Iberian Peninsula
The new powerful Dama (Chess Queen) in the New Chess (1475) The new powerful dama in the Draughts/Checkers (1495) game
"Research is to see what everybody else has seen, and to think what nobody else has thought." (Albert Szent-Györgyi – 1937 Nobel Prize for Medicine)
Success in life comes when you simply refuse to give up, with goals so strong that obstacles, failure, and loss only act as motivation. (Anonymous)
SALES:
http://www.lulu.com/spotlight/moriscoricote
7
Academia de Estudios Humanísticos de Blanca Valle de Ricote (Murcia) Spain
The Ricote Valley was the last Islamic refuge in the Iberian Peninsula
The new powerful Dama (Chess Queen) in the New Chess (1475) The new powerful dama in the Draughts/Checkers (1495) game
"Research is to see what everybody else has seen, and to think what nobody else has thought." (Albert Szent-Györgyi – 1937 Nobel Prize for Medicine)
Success in life comes when you simply refuse to give up, with goals so strong that obstacles, failure, and loss only act as motivation. (Anonymous)
SALES:
http://www.lulu.com/spotlight/moriscoricote
8
Academia de Estudios Humanísticos de Blanca Valle de Ricote (Murcia) Spain
The Ricote Valley was the last Islamic refuge in the Iberian Peninsula
The new powerful Dama (Chess Queen) in the New Chess (1475) The new powerful dama in the Draughts/Checkers (1495) game
"Research is to see what everybody else has seen, and to think what nobody else has thought." (Albert Szent-Györgyi – 1937 Nobel Prize for Medicine)
Success in life comes when you simply refuse to give up, with goals so strong that obstacles, failure, and loss only act as motivation. (Anonymous)
SALES:
http://www.lulu.com/spotlight/moriscoricote
9
Academia de Estudios Humanísticos de Blanca Valle de Ricote (Murcia) Spain
The Ricote Valley was the last Islamic refuge in the Iberian Peninsula
The new powerful Dama (Chess Queen) in the New Chess (1475) The new powerful dama in the Draughts/Checkers (1495) game
"Research is to see what everybody else has seen, and to think what nobody else has thought." (Albert Szent-Györgyi – 1937 Nobel Prize for Medicine)
Success in life comes when you simply refuse to give up, with goals so strong that obstacles, failure, and loss only act as motivation. (Anonymous)
SALES:
http://www.lulu.com/spotlight/moriscoricote
39. Juan Ramirez de Lucena -D:\Programas text analysis\Signatura\Ramirez Lucena a Jorge Manrique.txt
0.1242350341659082
40. Diego de Hurtado Mendoza -D:\Programas text analysis\Signatura\granada diego de hurtado.txt
0.12820865006393445
41. Lucena -D:\Programas text analysis\Signatura\repamorespreambulo.txt 0.13459421866037014
42. Lucena -D:\Programas text analysis\Signatura\Lucena poema pp69-70.txt 0.15539190492835553
43. Juan Ramirez de Lucena -D:\Programas text analysis\Signatura\RamirezLucena a galardones.txt
0.18394249597129497
44. Juan Ramirez de Lucena -D:\Programas text analysis\Signatura\ramirezlucena sermon.txt 0.1871345479718327
45. Fernando de Rojas -D:\Programas text analysis\Signatura\fernando de rojas3.txt 0.18820093759704648
46. Fernando de Rojas -D:\Programas text analysis\Signatura\fernando de rojas1 testamento notario.txt
0.1975625657514587
47. Fernando de Rojas -D:\Programas text analysis\Signatura\fernando de rojas test2.txt 0.24214904784166869
48. Lucena -D:\Programas text analysis\Signatura\lucena preambulo.txt 0.24362962150809708
49. Lucena -D:\Programas text analysis\Signatura\Lucena pp59-66.txt 0.2578623358065856
50. Juan Ramirez de Lucena -D:\Programas text analysis\Signatura\vitabeata prologo.txt 0.2856646107562434
51. Lucena -D:\Programas text analysis\Signatura\lucenalibrocorto.txt 0.5516442974923754
52. Lucena -D:\Programas text analysis\Signatura\repamorespreambuloajedrez.txt 0.8530002794893163
10
Academia de Estudios Humanísticos de Blanca Valle de Ricote (Murcia) Spain
The Ricote Valley was the last Islamic refuge in the Iberian Peninsula
The new powerful Dama (Chess Queen) in the New Chess (1475) The new powerful dama in the Draughts/Checkers (1495) game
"Research is to see what everybody else has seen, and to think what nobody else has thought." (Albert Szent-Györgyi – 1937 Nobel Prize for Medicine)
Success in life comes when you simply refuse to give up, with goals so strong that obstacles, failure, and loss only act as motivation. (Anonymous)
SALES:
http://www.lulu.com/spotlight/moriscoricote
Summary
Character NGrams n : 1
1. Diego de Hurtado Mendoza -D:\Programas text analysis\Signatura\diegohurtadodemendoza caronte.txt
0.001464035705540545
2. Juan de Timoneda -D:\Programas text analysis\Signatura\TimonedaCaminantes.txt 0.001918046877708468
3. Juan del Encina -D:\Programas text analysis\Signatura\encina eglogas antes 1509.txt 0.00200751771361396
4. Alonso Nuñez de Reinoso -D:\Programas text analysis\Signatura\clareoyflorisea.txt 0.002109195175716172
5. Lucena -D:\Programas text analysis\Signatura\repeticionamores.txt 0.002388641498343058
Character NGrams n : 2
1. Diego de Hurtado Mendoza -D:\Programas text analysis\Signatura\diegohurtadodemendoza caronte.txt
0.008535720796414736
2. Juan de Valdes -D:\Programas text analysis\Signatura\valdesJuan dialogolengua.txt 0.009751062984613701
3. Juan del Encina -D:\Programas text analysis\Signatura\encina eglogas antes 1509.txt 0.010463615368652368
4. Alfonso de Valdes -D:\Programas text analysis\Signatura\valdesalfonsodialogoroma.txt 0.011483537991094694
5. Lucena -D:\Programas text analysis\Signatura\Lucena pp37-59.txt 0.012235523407284288
Character NGrams n : 3
1. Diego de Hurtado Mendoza -D:\Programas text analysis\Signatura\diegohurtadodemendoza caronte.txt
0.016665762924513938
2. Alfonso de Valdes -D:\Programas text analysis\Signatura\valdesalfonsodialogoroma.txt 0.018809062568599377
3. Juan del Encina -D:\Programas text analysis\Signatura\encina eglogas antes 1509.txt 0.021167429147707528
4. Juan de Flores -D:\Programas text analysis\Signatura\griselobra.txt 0.022346674347791917
5. Juan de Valdes -D:\Programas text analysis\Signatura\valdesJuan dialogolengua.txt 0.024962632728142364
Character NGrams n : 4
1. Diego de Hurtado Mendoza -D:\Programas text analysis\Signatura\diegohurtadodemendoza caronte.txt
0.01105508422369772
2. Juan del Encina -D:\Programas text analysis\Signatura\encina eglogas antes 1509.txt 0.013773642521248242
3. Juan de Flores -D:\Programas text analysis\Signatura\griselobra.txt 0.016563397406662017
4. Lucena -D:\Programas text analysis\Signatura\ramirezlucena1503.txt 0.02038864651961758
5. Alfonso de Valdes -D:\Programas text analysis\Signatura\valdesalfonsodialogoroma.txt 0.02612714872325117
Character NGrams n : 5
1. Diego de Hurtado Mendoza -D:\Programas text analysis\Signatura\diegohurtadodemendoza caronte.txt
0.017019638455679664
2. Juan del Encina -D:\Programas text analysis\Signatura\encina eglogas antes 1509.txt 0.01727764736157189
3. Juan de Flores -D:\Programas text analysis\Signatura\griselobra.txt 0.018323279791794933
4. Juan de Timoneda -D:\Programas text analysis\Signatura\TimonedaCaminantes.txt 0.023129081706033117
5. Alfonso de Valdes -D:\Programas text analysis\Signatura\valdesalfonsodialogoroma.txt 0.031206682324899093
11
Academia de Estudios Humanísticos de Blanca Valle de Ricote (Murcia) Spain
The Ricote Valley was the last Islamic refuge in the Iberian Peninsula
The new powerful Dama (Chess Queen) in the New Chess (1475) The new powerful dama in the Draughts/Checkers (1495) game
"Research is to see what everybody else has seen, and to think what nobody else has thought." (Albert Szent-Györgyi – 1937 Nobel Prize for Medicine)
Success in life comes when you simply refuse to give up, with goals so strong that obstacles, failure, and loss only act as motivation. (Anonymous)
SALES:
http://www.lulu.com/spotlight/moriscoricote
Nombres 1 2 3 4 5 Total
Diego Hurtado de Mendoza 5 5 5 5 5 25
Juan del Encina 3 3 3 4 4 17
Alfonso de Valdes 2 4 1 1 8
Juan de Flores 2 3 3 8
Juan de Valdes 4 1 2 7
Juan de Timoneda 4 2 6
Alonso Núñez de Reinoso 2 3 5
Lucena 1 1 2 3
In the table above we have used the highest position of each author obtained in an
analysis. Some authors did write various books, but we have only used their name once
in each analysis. On the other hand the first author in each analysis received 5 points
and the last one only 1 point. In this case the analysis of the letter did not create many
complications and it is clearly visible that Diego Hurtado de Mendoza was the author of
the letter “Arcadia”.
However, the analysis of the following letter of Diego Hurtado de Mendoza addressed
to Felicano de Silva proves far more problematic to detect with JGAAP that he was the
author:
Marco Aurelio, oriundo de los ensalzados montes que sus siete cabezas sobre las altas cumbres de
la redondez del universo con mayor acrecentamiento y grandeza de sus profundas mares, para que
con ella sus fuerzas á los inmortales Scitas, Getas y colorados Etiopes con doblada alquimia de sus
militares guerreros el resonante eco de sus hazañas se extienda; á tí, el caballero Feliciano de
Silva, domador de las inmortales palabras, acrecentador de la castellana lengua, para que con sus
riquezas y mercaderías los retazos de sus añadiduras y menudos trapos con diversas colores y
remiendos, como calcetero, la inmortal bragueta de que las defectuosas carnes carecen henchida
sea, desea salud, para que con ella el número de tus nunca acabadas obras se acreciente, y risa y
aliento á los leyentes para tus inmortales encarecimientos viva.
En el tiempo que el tostador y caluroso Febo las sus partes de la concavidad celestial andadas,
sudores y desalentados descansos á los hombres carnosos y pingosos apareja; cuando la
consumidora barriga y rugientes tripas, habiendo en sí recibido los ventosos ahitos de la pasada
noche, corrompiendo los aires con innumerables truenos y dislates, á los manjares de la mañana
hacen lugar, para que en los arrugados estómagos con las remanientes indigestiones se aposenten;
y cuando las chicharrantes cigarras por las picadoras cambroneras celebran sus acostumbrados
cantos; y cuando los zumbadores tábanos fatigan con sus chupadoras trompas los animales brutos,
y derramando su sangre dellas, grandes coces y patadas é innumerables temblores de cuero y de
12
Academia de Estudios Humanísticos de Blanca Valle de Ricote (Murcia) Spain
The Ricote Valley was the last Islamic refuge in the Iberian Peninsula
The new powerful Dama (Chess Queen) in the New Chess (1475) The new powerful dama in the Draughts/Checkers (1495) game
"Research is to see what everybody else has seen, and to think what nobody else has thought." (Albert Szent-Györgyi – 1937 Nobel Prize for Medicine)
Success in life comes when you simply refuse to give up, with goals so strong that obstacles, failure, and loss only act as motivation. (Anonymous)
SALES:
http://www.lulu.com/spotlight/moriscoricote
persona producen, sonando con sus coces los pendientes estribos de las arropadas sillas ó
enjergadas albardas, causan melodía el sonido de sus cueros ó patas en las orejas de quien escucha;
y cuando las bramantes vacas con sus garañones toros, ensalzadas las banderas de sus
amosqueadoras colas, por los campos de su deleite vienen huyendo de la enemiga moscarda, y
cucadas por el aguijón, aguijan, y aguijadas por el cuco, cucan; estando yo en las escuridades de
mi rígido aposento, haciendo las lumbrosas ventanas matizadas vislumbres con sus medio cerradas
ventanillas á manera de saetera, porque los altera la saetera produce aquella luz que por el Maestro
de la luz le fué dada, y la ventanilla con la fuerza de la fuerza del que la cierra está en su voluntad
proporcionada la cantidad de luz, fueras ende si las pungidas y jacintadas orinas, producidas por el
incontinente meador por falta de vidriosos orinales en sus tornantes goznes, comunicadas con el
polvo que las perezosas mozas por la ventana de su basura lanzan con aljofaradas gotas, á manera
de argamasa, se endurecen; allí me venían varios pensamientos con la solenidad de los bullidores
ratones, que, con el desatino de las roncas voces y pesados pantuflazos, pierden el tino de las
cavernas donde primero salieron; allí las importunas moscas; allí los rebuznadores borricos; allí las
saltadoras pulgas, las amoretadas chinches, los tardos y prolongados piojos, las escaleradas
cucarachas, las penosas arañas y los negros escarabajos me ocurrían, venciendo su música armonía
con su acordado artificio los puntos de los puntos de las hinchadas trompetas y tiznados herreros.
Bien que por la diferencia de sus movimientos conociese yo el desvarío de sus calidades, decía yo
entonces conmigo mismo: — ¡Oh inmortales dioses! ¡Oh soberano ayuntamiento de cosas, para
que con su grandeza la grandeza vuestra por parte de tan pequeñas cosas comunicada nos fuese!
¿Por qué consintió vuestra deidad que de mí en ellos,, de ellos en mí, como de mí á mí para con
ellos mis pensamientos los encerrasen? ¡Oh bienaventurada variedad que tales cuidados producir
pudiste! ¡Oh bienaventurados pantuflazos, que con vuestras duras suelas á los tales animales
acertar pudísteis! ¡Oh bienaventurada sala donde tales sabandijas se conciben! ¡Oh
bienaventuradas peticiones, que los Procuradores de sus audiencias apacientan con sus desvariadas
respuestas fuera de los espesos polvos de Valladolid, y bienaventurado tú, que pudiendo hacer
libro hiciste razonamiento, y de razonamiento hiciste Apocalipsi, como los correosos agujeteros,
que si la blanda agujeta, con estrecheza de su forma angosta se les representa para los deleznables
cerraderos de las hambrientas bolsas, á manera de tomiza las rodean! ¡ Ay de mí, que no hay en mí
tal industria de sentimiento para sentir la industria de tu industria con la falta de mi falta, que com
prendiese la sobra de tu habilidad, la cual si, por tus innumerables é infinitas razones, comunicada
me fuese, quedaría yo como aquéllos que para la salud de las importunas tercianas y locas y
soñolientas modorras y contagiosas garganterías y triparías y landres el ingenio de su doctrina en
los generales estudios apacientan; y si no como éstos, ya que no alcanzando á éstos, más corto que
éstos me tuviese, á lo menos con los repicadores boticarios, que con la melodía y retinte de sus
almireces las inmortales moradas del dios Eolo, con quien confinan, hasta las bóvedas de sus
promontorios atruenan. Y ya que mi ventura la tal alteza me negase, ¿quién me quitaría que con
los corredores caballos y cargadas acémilas y tardos borricos la administración de las medicinas
participada por mí no fuese, de suerte que si no médico, boticario; si no boticario, albéitar, por la
comunicación de las ensalzadas ondas y furiosos vientos de tal estilo, á mí, tu menor siervo, tal
beneficio se concediese, en cuya fee á manera de cherrion en pequeño espacio la carga de las
sufridoras mulas en mis hombros con las ruedas de tus avisos tiraría?
Y ansí acabo comunicándote aquella paz que tú á los que tus inmortales cláusulas con su
repugnancia tarda comunicas, para que en tí con ellos y ellos sin ellos hagan más remontado
principio á mayores ayuntamientos de razones.
13
Academia de Estudios Humanísticos de Blanca Valle de Ricote (Murcia) Spain
The Ricote Valley was the last Islamic refuge in the Iberian Peninsula
The new powerful Dama (Chess Queen) in the New Chess (1475) The new powerful dama in the Draughts/Checkers (1495) game
"Research is to see what everybody else has seen, and to think what nobody else has thought." (Albert Szent-Györgyi – 1937 Nobel Prize for Medicine)
Success in life comes when you simply refuse to give up, with goals so strong that obstacles, failure, and loss only act as motivation. (Anonymous)
SALES:
http://www.lulu.com/spotlight/moriscoricote
Marco Aurelio, á tí, Feliciano, salud y paciencia para los que leen tus obras, una siesta, estando yo
en mi aposento pensando en las sabandijas del verano, tomé dellas ocasión para desear poder
imitar en algo tu estilo.-— Vale.
14
Academia de Estudios Humanísticos de Blanca Valle de Ricote (Murcia) Spain
The Ricote Valley was the last Islamic refuge in the Iberian Peninsula
The new powerful Dama (Chess Queen) in the New Chess (1475) The new powerful dama in the Draughts/Checkers (1495) game
"Research is to see what everybody else has seen, and to think what nobody else has thought." (Albert Szent-Györgyi – 1937 Nobel Prize for Medicine)
Success in life comes when you simply refuse to give up, with goals so strong that obstacles, failure, and loss only act as motivation. (Anonymous)
SALES:
http://www.lulu.com/spotlight/moriscoricote
15
Academia de Estudios Humanísticos de Blanca Valle de Ricote (Murcia) Spain
The Ricote Valley was the last Islamic refuge in the Iberian Peninsula
The new powerful Dama (Chess Queen) in the New Chess (1475) The new powerful dama in the Draughts/Checkers (1495) game
"Research is to see what everybody else has seen, and to think what nobody else has thought." (Albert Szent-Györgyi – 1937 Nobel Prize for Medicine)
Success in life comes when you simply refuse to give up, with goals so strong that obstacles, failure, and loss only act as motivation. (Anonymous)
SALES:
http://www.lulu.com/spotlight/moriscoricote
16
Academia de Estudios Humanísticos de Blanca Valle de Ricote (Murcia) Spain
The Ricote Valley was the last Islamic refuge in the Iberian Peninsula
The new powerful Dama (Chess Queen) in the New Chess (1475) The new powerful dama in the Draughts/Checkers (1495) game
"Research is to see what everybody else has seen, and to think what nobody else has thought." (Albert Szent-Györgyi – 1937 Nobel Prize for Medicine)
Success in life comes when you simply refuse to give up, with goals so strong that obstacles, failure, and loss only act as motivation. (Anonymous)
SALES:
http://www.lulu.com/spotlight/moriscoricote
17
Academia de Estudios Humanísticos de Blanca Valle de Ricote (Murcia) Spain
The Ricote Valley was the last Islamic refuge in the Iberian Peninsula
The new powerful Dama (Chess Queen) in the New Chess (1475) The new powerful dama in the Draughts/Checkers (1495) game
"Research is to see what everybody else has seen, and to think what nobody else has thought." (Albert Szent-Györgyi – 1937 Nobel Prize for Medicine)
Success in life comes when you simply refuse to give up, with goals so strong that obstacles, failure, and loss only act as motivation. (Anonymous)
SALES:
http://www.lulu.com/spotlight/moriscoricote
18
Academia de Estudios Humanísticos de Blanca Valle de Ricote (Murcia) Spain
The Ricote Valley was the last Islamic refuge in the Iberian Peninsula
The new powerful Dama (Chess Queen) in the New Chess (1475) The new powerful dama in the Draughts/Checkers (1495) game
"Research is to see what everybody else has seen, and to think what nobody else has thought." (Albert Szent-Györgyi – 1937 Nobel Prize for Medicine)
Success in life comes when you simply refuse to give up, with goals so strong that obstacles, failure, and loss only act as motivation. (Anonymous)
SALES:
http://www.lulu.com/spotlight/moriscoricote
19
Academia de Estudios Humanísticos de Blanca Valle de Ricote (Murcia) Spain
The Ricote Valley was the last Islamic refuge in the Iberian Peninsula
The new powerful Dama (Chess Queen) in the New Chess (1475) The new powerful dama in the Draughts/Checkers (1495) game
"Research is to see what everybody else has seen, and to think what nobody else has thought." (Albert Szent-Györgyi – 1937 Nobel Prize for Medicine)
Success in life comes when you simply refuse to give up, with goals so strong that obstacles, failure, and loss only act as motivation. (Anonymous)
SALES:
http://www.lulu.com/spotlight/moriscoricote
20
Academia de Estudios Humanísticos de Blanca Valle de Ricote (Murcia) Spain
The Ricote Valley was the last Islamic refuge in the Iberian Peninsula
The new powerful Dama (Chess Queen) in the New Chess (1475) The new powerful dama in the Draughts/Checkers (1495) game
"Research is to see what everybody else has seen, and to think what nobody else has thought." (Albert Szent-Györgyi – 1937 Nobel Prize for Medicine)
Success in life comes when you simply refuse to give up, with goals so strong that obstacles, failure, and loss only act as motivation. (Anonymous)
SALES:
http://www.lulu.com/spotlight/moriscoricote
21
Academia de Estudios Humanísticos de Blanca Valle de Ricote (Murcia) Spain
The Ricote Valley was the last Islamic refuge in the Iberian Peninsula
The new powerful Dama (Chess Queen) in the New Chess (1475) The new powerful dama in the Draughts/Checkers (1495) game
"Research is to see what everybody else has seen, and to think what nobody else has thought." (Albert Szent-Györgyi – 1937 Nobel Prize for Medicine)
Success in life comes when you simply refuse to give up, with goals so strong that obstacles, failure, and loss only act as motivation. (Anonymous)
SALES:
http://www.lulu.com/spotlight/moriscoricote
Summary
Character NGrams n : 1
1. Alonso de Proaza -D:\Programas text analysis\Signatura\alonsodeproaza4.txt 0.006661540013355394
2. Diego Hurtado de Mendoza -D:\Programas text analysis\Signatura\diegohurtadodemendoza granadaguerra.txt
0.007012886054812317
3. Juan Ramirez de Lucena -D:\Programas text analysis\Signatura\ramirezlucena sermon.txt 0.007707147509344869
4. Juan Ramirez de Lucena -D:\Programas text analysis\Signatura\RamirezLucena a galardones.txt
0.00801197970014278
5. Francisco Lopez de Villalobos -D:\Programas text analysis\Signatura\villaloboscorto.txt 0.008047612937186033
6. Francisco Lopez de Villalobos -D:\Programas text analysis\Signatura\villaloboscartas.txt 0.00813705754836569
7. Alonso de Proaza -D:\Programas text analysis\Signatura\proaza Valencia1514.txt 0.008438592970008041
8. Juan Ramirez de Lucena -D:\Programas text analysis\Signatura\Ramirez Lucena exhortatoria.txt
0.008639479752448831
9. Juan Ramirez de Lucena -D:\Programas text analysis\Signatura\RamirezLucena a Zapata.txt
0.008653314453172412
10. Alonso de Proaza -D:\Programas text analysis\Signatura\proaza Toledo1500.txt 0.008735280789053501
11. Lucena -D:\Programas text analysis\Signatura\Lucena pp59-66.txt 0.00880529194403279
Character NGrams n : 2
1. Juan Ramirez de Lucena -D:\Programas text analysis\Signatura\RamirezLucena a galardones.txt
0.033602234097877326
2. Juan Ramirez de Lucena -D:\Programas text analysis\Signatura\ramirezlucena sermon.txt 0.04331281704655876
3. Hernando del Castillo -D:\Programas text analysis\Signatura\hernando de castillo prologo.txt
0.046608470479934994
4. Francisco Lopez de Villalobos -D:\Programas text analysis\Signatura\villaloboscorto.txt 0.05254529618498771
5. Juan Ramirez de Lucena -D:\Programas text analysis\Signatura\Ramirez Lucena exhortatoria.txt
0.05582395012641439
6. Juan Ramirez de Lucena -D:\Programas text analysis\Signatura\RamirezLucena a Zapata.txt
0.056023042265310075
7. Juan Ramirez de Lucena -D:\Programas text analysis\Signatura\Ramirez Lucena a Jorge Manrique.txt
0.05661272782231008
8. Juan del Encina -D:\Programas text analysis\Signatura\encina completo.txt 0.05825103175335422
9. Alonso de Proaza -D:\Programas text analysis\Signatura\alonsodeproaza4.txt 0.05962289821728828
Character NGrams n : 3
1. Hernando del Castillo -D:\Programas text analysis\Signatura\hernando de castillo prologo.txt
0.07900247098674984
2. Alonso de Proaza -D:\Programas text analysis\Signatura\alonsodeproaza4.txt 0.0795502888567251
3. Alonso de Proaza -D:\Programas text analysis\Signatura\alonsodeproaza texto.txt 0.08635321203756952
4. Diego Hurtado de Mendoza -D:\Programas text analysis\Signatura\diegohurtadodemendoza granadaguerra.txt
0.09458754066602948
5. Juan Ramirez de Lucena -D:\Programas text analysis\Signatura\ramirezlucena sermon.txt 0.09599085556692333
6. Juan Ramirez de Lucena -D:\Programas text analysis\Signatura\RamirezLucena a galardones.txt
0.09702859874050773
7. Francisco Lopez de Villalobos -D:\Programas text analysis\Signatura\villaloboscorto.txt 0.09719691619809889
22
Academia de Estudios Humanísticos de Blanca Valle de Ricote (Murcia) Spain
The Ricote Valley was the last Islamic refuge in the Iberian Peninsula
The new powerful Dama (Chess Queen) in the New Chess (1475) The new powerful dama in the Draughts/Checkers (1495) game
"Research is to see what everybody else has seen, and to think what nobody else has thought." (Albert Szent-Györgyi – 1937 Nobel Prize for Medicine)
Success in life comes when you simply refuse to give up, with goals so strong that obstacles, failure, and loss only act as motivation. (Anonymous)
SALES:
http://www.lulu.com/spotlight/moriscoricote
Character NGrams n : 4
1. Diego Hurtado de Mendoza -D:\Programas text analysis\Signatura\diegohurtadodemendoza granadaguerra.txt
0.07312447446416737
2. Juan Ramirez de Lucena -D:\Programas text analysis\Signatura\ramirezlucena sermon.txt 0.07992931062214215
3. Feliciano de Silva -D:\Programas text analysis\Signatura\silvaFloriseldeNiqueaXIlibro-III.txt
0.11359498229134257
4. Juan Ramirez de Lucena -D:\Programas text analysis\Signatura\vita beata.txt 0.11473265321096338
5. Alonso de Proaza -D:\Programas text analysis\Signatura\alonsodeproaza texto.txt 0.11514363531408478
6. Alonso de Proaza -D:\Programas text analysis\Signatura\proaza acrostico.txt 0.1151694830081853
7. Lucena -D:\Programas text analysis\Signatura\Lucena pp 15-37.txt 0.11631472599725046
Character NGrams n : 5
1. Diego Hurtado de Mendoza -D:\Programas text analysis\Signatura\diegohurtadodemendoza granadaguerra.txt
0.09572218253018006
2. Juan Ramirez de Lucena -D:\Programas text analysis\Signatura\ramirezlucena sermon.txt 0.12808396654645549
3. Feliciano de Silva -D:\Programas text analysis\Signatura\silvaFloriseldeNiqueaXIlibro-III.txt
0.13872240777653766
4. Lucena -D:\Programas text analysis\Signatura\Lucena pp 15-37.txt 0.1408546665364604
5. Juan Ramirez de Lucena -D:\Programas text analysis\Signatura\vita beata.txt 0.1556802500863197
6. Alonso de Proaza -D:\Programas text analysis\Signatura\proaza acrostico.txt 0.15984595727611595
In this example we observe that the letter has more the writing style of Juan Ramírez de
Lucena. We only know that the letter could have been from Diego Hurtado de Mendoza,
because Juan Ramírez de Lucena died around 1504 and could never have been the
author. Facts such as these can occur with other authors that live more or less in the
same period. In other words, an author that ends in the first place does not always
guarantee that he in fact was the author of a work. We must take other factors into
account, such as time, place, habits, travelling, position, etc.
23
Academia de Estudios Humanísticos de Blanca Valle de Ricote (Murcia) Spain
The Ricote Valley was the last Islamic refuge in the Iberian Peninsula
The new powerful Dama (Chess Queen) in the New Chess (1475) The new powerful dama in the Draughts/Checkers (1495) game
"Research is to see what everybody else has seen, and to think what nobody else has thought." (Albert Szent-Györgyi – 1937 Nobel Prize for Medicine)
Success in life comes when you simply refuse to give up, with goals so strong that obstacles, failure, and loss only act as motivation. (Anonymous)
SALES:
http://www.lulu.com/spotlight/moriscoricote
Conclusión
According to this rudimentary method of JGAAP it appears that Diego Hurtado de
Mendoza was indeed the writer of these letters of Arcadia and Feliciano de Silva when
we apply the Character NGrams n:1, n:2, n:3, n:4, and n:5. In each case we will find the
name of Diego Hurtado de Mendoza and the more repetitions of his name we see in the
analyses of n:1, n:2, n:3, n:4, and n:5, the more possibilities exist that Diego Hurtado de
Mendoza was indeed the author of these letters.
24
Academia de Estudios Humanísticos de Blanca Valle de Ricote (Murcia) Spain
The Ricote Valley was the last Islamic refuge in the Iberian Peninsula