Question and Answer - 21

Allsorts Insurance Company uses a flexible overhead budget for its New Policy Department firm
offers five types of policy, with the following standard hours allowed per policy for clerical
possessing? Health ........................................ 1 hour Life ....................................... 1.5 hours
Autom
Otago Stationery Company manufactures cardboard folders. The company has developed
standard overhead rates based on a monthly capacity of 180 000 direct labour hours (DLHs) as
follows: Standard costs per unit (one box of folders): Variable overhead (2 hours â€¢ $3 per
DLH) .......................... $ 6 Fixed overhe
Why might some companies decide not to distinguish the performance of managers from that of
their department or division?
Provide four examples of common costs that might occur in a fast food chain?
Explain the meaning of the variable overhead efficiency variance?
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The accountant for Lovely Manufacturing Company compares each month's actual results with a
monthly Plan. The standard direct labour rates and the standard hours allowed, given the actual
output in April, are shown in the following schedule: A new union contract negotiated in March
resulted in actual wage rates that d
Randwick Medical Centre provides a wide range of hospital services. The hospital's board of
directors has recently authorised the following capital expenditure: Neonatal care
equipment .......................................... $900 000 CT
scanner ............................................................ 800 000
The Assembly Division's absorption cost of a component is $0, includes $60 of applied fixed
overhead costs. The transfer price has been set at $561, which is the Assembly Division's
absorption cost plus a 10 per cent markup. The Electrical Division has a special offer of $697.50
for its product. The Electrical Divisio
Number Cruncher Corporation (NCC) manufactures and sells ultrathin tablet computers. Janet
Short, who is a budget analyst, coordinated the preparation of the annual budget for this year.
The budget was based on the prior year's sales and production activity. The budgeted income
statement and schedule cost of goods manu
Outline the four purposes of performance measurement systems. Explain how these purposes
relate to responsibility accounting?

Bright Spark Ltd is a manufacturer of electrical switchers, and uses a standard costing system
standard manufacturing overhead costs per switch are based on direct labour hours and are
allows: Variable overhead (5 hours @ $24 per hour) ........................................ $ 120 Fixed
overhead (5 hours @ $36 per h
Tanya Williams is the new accounts manager at Southpac Bank. She has just been asked to
estimate how many new bank accounts she will generate during the next year. The Australian
economy has been growing and the bank has experienced a 10 per cent increase in its number of
bank accounts over each of the past five years.
The 'Real life' on page 504 explains how standard costing systems may be adopted to better suit
managers' decision needs. This includes using different definitions of standard costs to suit
different types of decisions. Provide some examples to explain what definitions of standard costs
might be suitable for (a) Produ
Describe how a parcel delivery company might use standard costs?
Explain the type of environment in a service organization that best suits the use of standard costs
for control?
Alston Electronics Company manufactures complex circuit boards for the aerospace Industry
Demand for the company's products has fallen in recent months, and the firm has cut its
production significantly. Many unskilled workers have been temporarily laid off. Top
management made a decision, was to lay off any highly ski
List three factors that are important in selecting activity drivers. Explain why they are important
using examples of activity drivers for a bank?
Veterinary clinic Happy Pets is a veterinary clinic operating in Auckland. Recently John Tilley,
the manager of the clinic, has been concerned about cash flow shortages, which arose quite
unexpectedly in the last three months of the past year. The clinic bank account went into
overdraft and incurred interest charges. T
Describe the factors that managers may consider when assessing the significance of a variance.
Why do we need to assess the significance of variance?
Refer to the data in Exercise 10.24, above. (Ignore the new data in requirement 2.) Apollo Can
Ltd manufactures recyclable soft drink cans. A unit of production is a box of 12 cans. The
following standards have been set by the production engineering staff and the factory accountant:
Direct material ________________

Sandra Smith is the financial controller of Fluffy Clouds, which is a manufacturer of baby
clothes. The company is considering implementing an activity-based budgeting system and
Sandra has asked for your advice on how to proceed. Required Write a report for Sandra that
covers the following issues: 1. The advantages
Explain the difference between the traditional direct labour rate variance and a pure rate
variance?
The only variable overhead cost at Jackson Sporting Club is electricity. Does an unfavorable
variable overhead spending variance imply that the club paid more than the anticipation per
kilowatt hour?
Search the Internet to find a manufacturer's website that outlines new products the company has
recently introduced or plans to introduce. Required: Discuss the steps you think the company
would go through to develop standard costs for its new product?
Rural Support Ltd has been successful in gaining a major contract to prepare and deliver meals to
elderly and disabled people who reside in Windsor. These operations were previously managed
by the Windsor Council, and the services were outsourced by the council as a cost-saving
measure. Rural Support tendered a low pri
What is the meaning of the term interaction between variances?
You and your boss have just attended a presentation by the consulting firm, Always Better
Costing, which explained how every organisation can benefit from adopting activity-based
costing. Your boss is very keen to proceed with activity-based product costing. How would you
advise her?
Dente Ltd prepares annual budgets. The following beginning and ending inventory levels (in
units) are planned for next year. Four kilograms of direct material are required to produce each
unit of finish product. ___________________________1 January _______________ 31
December Direct material ........................
The Intellectually Disabled Council has the responsibility for distributing government grants to
fund support services for intellectually disabled people. The director is concerned that grants be
distributed on an equitable basis, and asks Sue Jolley, the Council's management accountant, to
estimate the cost of providi
The data below relate to Macquarie Ltd for the month of June:
____________________________________ Static budget _______________ Actual Units
sold .............................................. 10 000 .............................9 000 Sales
revenue ......................................... $120 000 ................
Clarke Auto Parts Company manufactures replacement parts for car repairs. The company
recently installed a flexible manufacturing system (FMS), which has significantly changed the
production process The installation of the new FMS was not anticipated when the current year's
budget and cost structure were developed. Th
Bell Electrical Services is organized into three division: Metro, Suburan and Regional. Data for
these divisions for last year were as follows: In addition to the expenses listed above, the
company had $90 000 of common fixed expenses. Income tax expense for the year was $490
000. Required: 1. Prepare a profit state
What might an unfavourable direct labour efficiency variance indicate? What actions could be
taken to correct this variance?
Central Dental Associates is a large dental practice in Brisbane. The firm's accountant is
preparing the budget for next year. He projects a total of 48 000 patient visits throughout the year
of which 6000 will be in May and 8000 in June. Eighty per cent of the visits will be half-hour
appointments, and the remainder w
Explain why it is important that the activities used to develop a flexible overhead budget are
accurate cost drivers?
Define the fixed overhead budget variance, and explain how it may assist manager control costs?
Comprehensive budget question: wholesaler Universal Electric Company is a small, rapidly

growing wholesaler of consumer electrical product. The firm's main product lines are small
kitchen appliances and power tools. Marcia Wilcox, Universal's general manager of marketing,
has recently completed a sales forecast. She be
George Siam runs a landscaping business in a wealthy suburb of Wellington. He provides a high
quality service and focuses on the design and installation of top of the market landscaping plans
that include fountains, trees, paving, lighting and exotic plants. However, his clients are
continually requesting new services.
Duplex Paints manufactures paint in its factory in Canterbury. Until recently, the manufacturing
plant, consisted of three processing departments: blending, mixing and packaging. The
manufacturer manager has now restructured the plant into self-managed work teams. Each team
is responsible for all aspects of the produc
Madeleine Appliances manufactures washers and dryers on a single assembly line in its main
factory. The market has deteriorated over the last five years and competition has made cost
control very important. Management has been concerned about the material cost of both washers
and dryers. There have been no model change
Explain how the terms controllability and attributability are relevant when evaluating the
performance of business unit managers and business units?
The following data relate to R.M. Williams' operations for the month of July. Actual number of
activity drivers: Machine hours ......................................................... 200 Number of material
moves ........................................... 280 Production batches ...................................
Explain the difference between the control purpose and the product costing purpose of standard
costing?
Tahmar Valley Chemical Company manufactures industrial chemicals. The company plans to
introduce a new chemical solution and needs to develop a standard product cost. The new
chemical solution is made by combining a chemical compound (nyclyn) with a solution (salex),
heating the mixture to boiling point, adding a secon
What is the meaning of the direct labour rate variance? What are some possible causes?
How might real-time reporting contribute to improving the competitive advantage of an

organization?
Outline the characteristics of an effective performance measurement system?
Organic Foods Ltd, a manufacturer of breakfast cereals and healthy snack bars, has experienced
several years of steady growth in sales, profits, and dividends while maintaining a relatively low
level of debt. The board of directors has adopted a long-term strategy to maximise the value of
the shareholders investment. T
Explain the benefits of using transfer pricing within organizations?
In your own words, explain two of the sources of inaccuracies in an ABB system?
Rhythm & Blues is a recording studio in Geelong. It budgets and applies overhead costs on the
basis of production time. The studio's accountant anticipates 10 000 hours of production time
next year. The following overhead amounts have been budgeted for next year: Variable overhead
....................................
Refer to Case 8.46. Assume that U.B Bright decided to implement an activity-based costing
system that included all costs except direct material. She identities the following costs, by cost
category, for the past year and selects the following resource drivers: Next, Bright divides the
company into the following activi
Refer to Cases 8.46 and 8.47 notwithstanding your answer so far, assume the following costs and
resource drivers for the Mixing Centre: U.B. Bright has identified the following activities that
take place in the Mixing Centre, and estimates that they use the following percentage of labour
time and floor space: The on
Zappy Kitchens manufactures a range of household products. Susan Masters, the company's
management accountant, plans to implement a standard costing system. Masters has collected
information from several people in the company that will assist her in developing standards. One
of Zappy's products is a handcrafted wooden
During January, Microchem Ltd produced 1000 units of special product called Stylex, and the
counting records indicated the following: Direct material purchased .................. 36 0000
kilograms @ $1.38 per kilogram Direct material used ..................................................... 19 000
kilograms Direct
Explain why a favourable variance does not necessarily indicate good performance?
Business Wear Fashions manufactures one type of women's jacket, production in jobs to fill each
customer order. These jackets are supplied to various department stores, and Business Wear sews
the label of each store onto the jackets. During November, Business Wear worked on three
orders. The job cost records disclose
Use ledger accounts to show how manufacturing overhead is added to work in process inventory
and how manufacturing overhead variances are closed to cost of goods sold, when standard
costing is used?
Cottesloe Boogie manufactures boogie boards. The company's performance report for November
is as follows: ____________________________ Actual ______________________ Budget
Boogie boards sold .................. 6 000 ..................................... 8 000 Variable costs .......................
145 000 ..........
Frosty Menu Company produces cases of frozen food. During April, the company produced
1450 cases of food and incurred the following actual costs: Variable
overhead ....................................................... $11 000 Fixed
overhead ............................................................ 26 000 Actual

Green Ltd produces a special valve used in the burners of gas stoves. The firm uses the first-in,
first-out (FIFO) process costing method for product costing. The costs entered into work in
process inventory are standard costs, which are set annually. The standards for direct material
and direct labour, which are based
The accountant for Lane and Company uses a statistical control chart to help management to
decide when to investigate variances. The critical value is one standard deviation from the mean.
The company incurred the following direct labour efficiency variances during the second half of
the year: The standard direct lab
George Ltd manufactures and sells two different types of coils used in electric motors, in
September Jessica Martin, the management accountant, compiled the following data for the
upcoming annual budget: Use of direct material: Raw material prices and inventory levels:
Direct labour requirements and rates: Manufact
The lowing data pertain to the Byron Bay Hotel for the month of March Required: Prepare a
March performance report similar to the lower portion of Exhibit 12.6. The report should have
six numerical columns with headings similar to those in Exhibit 12.6. Your performance report
should cover only the Food and Beverage
Referring to Exhibit 8.3. explain the concept of two dimensional activity-based costing. Are the
activities in a simple activity-based product costing system likely to be useful for activity
management? Explain your answer. Exhibit 8.3
List some of the possible causes of a favourable direct material quantity variance?
Describe the components of a formula flexible budget and explain how it may be used to control
costs?
Waverley Hospital runs an outpatient clinic, Jenny Holt, the Hospital's CEO, is very concerned
about cost control and has asked that performance reports be prepared that compare budgeted
and actual amounts for the clinic. She wants these reports to focus on three problem areas: the
cost of medical assistants, clinic su
Mountain View Hospital has adopted a standard costing system for evaluation and control of
nursing labour, Diagnosis Related Groups (DRGs) are used as the output measure in the standard
costing system. A DRG is a classification scheme for treatments, and hospitals are reimbursed by
the government based the number of p
Explain how the sales price variance and the sales volume variance can assist manages to control
costs?

Apollo Can Ltd manufactures recyclable soft drink cans. A unit of production is a box of 12
cans. The following standards have been set by the production engineering staff and the factory
accountant: Direct material _________________________________ Direct labour Quantity: it
kilograms ..............................
During June, Andrew Ltd's material purchases amounted to 6500 kilograms at a price of $8 per
kilogram. Actual costs incurred in the production of 2000 units were as follows: Direct
labour ............................ $177 375.................... ($27.50 per hour) Direct
material .......................... $34 400 ..
Explain why some organizations might prefer to use variable cost rather than absorption cost as a
basis for setting transfer prices?
Suggest three activities and a possible activity driver for each activity that might be used as part
of an activity-based budgeting system in each of the following industries: (a) Automated car was
service. (b) Express parcel delivery service. (c) Restaurant. (d) Bank?
Blue Gum Ltd uses a standard costing system. The firm estimated that it will operate its
manufacturing facilities at 800 000 machine hours for the year. The estimated for total budgeted
overhead is $2 000 000. The standard variable overhead rate is estimated to be $2 per machine
hour or $6 per unit. The actual data fo
Reliable Cleaning services was started a number of years ago by Pick Elber to provide cleaning
services to both large and small businesses in his home city. Over the years, as local businesses
reduced their in house building maintenance staff, more and more cleaning services were
subcontracted to Reliable. Reliable als
Alpha Mann Ltd makes and sells computer carry bags. Bill Blake, the company accountant, is
responsible for preparing the company's annual budget. In compiling the budget data for next
year, Blake has learned that new automated production equipment will be installed on March.
This will reduce the direct labour per unit
There is not just one approach to activity-based costing; there are many. Describe some of the
major differences between various approaches to activity-based costing?
During July, Nemo Ltd manufactured 500 units of a special multiplayer fabric called Everflex
following information from the everflex production department pertains to July: Direct material
purchased: 18 000 metres @ $5.20 per metre ............ $93 600 Direct material used: 9500 metres
@ $5.20 per metre .............
Provide two examples of service organizations that may use flexible budgets to control overhead
costs, and for each organization suggest an activity that might form the basis for the flexible
overhead budget?
Kelly manufacturing is a medium-sized company that manufactures and markets a range of

products. The divisions of Kelly include White-goods, Kitchenware and Outdoor Furniture
Divisions. The senior management team oversees the budgeting process, and includes the
managing director, the financial controller, the manufactu
Refer to the data in Exercise 10.23. Calculate the pure rate variance and joint rate efficiency
variance for direct labour. Draw a graph of the direct labour variances similar to the graph in
Exhibit 10.11 Refer to data in exercise 10.23 During June, Andrew Ltd's material purchases
amounted to 6500 kilograms at a pri
The chief accountant for Rainbow Community Hospital estimates that the hospital uses $0.60
kilowatt hours of electricity per patient-day, and that the cost of electricity will be $30 per
kilowatt hour. The hospital also pays a fixed monthly charge of $15 000 to the electricity
supplier to rent emergency backup electric
When should manufacturing overhead variance be closed to cost of goods sold? Explain your
answer.
Explain why it may not be desirable for head office management to dictate transfer prices. Can
you provide an example of a situation where this may be appropriate?
Quill Pen Company manufactures two lines of pens: Super and Executive. Budgeted and actual
contribution margin statements follow: Required: 1. The budgeted total volume of 250 000 units
was based on the company achieving a market share of 20 per cent. Actual industry volume
reached 1290 000 units. Calculate the porti
Happy Returns Investment Advisors has three divisions. Each division is a profit centre and
effectively operates as a stand-alone business. The Retirement Advice Division is located in
Brisbane, the Corporate Advice Division is in Sydney, and the Homeowners Advice Division is
in Launceston. The general manage of each d
Explain how participation in setting standards can sometimes lead to more accurate standards
and sometimes to less accurate standards?
Office Magic Ltd manufactures ergonomic office equipment. The standard cost for material and
labour is $190 per unit. This includes 8 kilograms of direct material at a standard cost of $5 per
kilogram, and 6 hours of direct labour at $25.00 per hour. The following data relate to
November: Work in process inventory, 1
Explain how you would interpret a variable overhead spending variance?
The La Casa Division of Peters Ltd produces an intricate component used in Peter's major
product line. Recently, the divisional manager has been concerned by a lack of coordination
between purchasing and production personnel and believes that a monthly budgeting system
should be introduced to manage these interdependen
(a) For each of the following organizations list the advantages and disadvantages of adopting a
decentralized organizational structure. (b) If you were the chief executive, would you choose a
centralized or decentralized structure for each of the following organizations? 1. Hospital. 2.
High school with two campuses
Indicate the type of responsibility centre that is most appropriate for each of the following: 1. A
cinema in a company that operates a chain of theatres. 2. A television station owned by a large
broadcasting network. 3. The sales department in an insurance company. 4. The ticket sales
division of a major airline.
Given an activity in an advertising project whose planned cost was $12,000 but actual cost to
date is $10,000 so far and the value completed is only 70 percent, calculate the cost and schedule
variances. Will the client be pleased or angry?
Compare the skills sought for project managers among BCSâ€™s Leadership Continuity Plan
with those listed in the chapter.
What skills does it take to be an effective interface with the customer? Has this project been
successful for BWNS? MINI CASE Reggie Brown, B&W Nuclear Service Companys (BWNS)
project manager for Nita Light and Powers Green Meadow plant, reflected on the dilemma that
had plagued him for over a year. H
Allan Ltd manufactures gardening equipment. At a recent staff meeting, the following direct
labour variance report for the past year was presented by the management accountant: Allan
Ltd's management accountant uses the following rule of thumb: investigate all variances equal to
or greater than $60 000, or 6 per cent
You have just been appointed the cost accountant for a new company called Amazing Joy
Flights. In its first few years the company will provide three types of scenic flights: 'Over and
Around Melbourne, 'Up the Yarra', and 'The Surf Coast'. Each takes a different length of time,
involves different flight crews and diffe
What is the objective of negotiation?
In Table 3, match the rankings between skills and problems. Why arenâ€™t the top skills
matched to the main problems?
Repeat Problem 11 using the time proportionality rule and the following new data for %
completion of each task: a: 100; b: 100; c: 80; d: 25; e: 0.
What credibility does Mr. Rutland have? Is he a leader? MINI CASE Mr. Robert Rutland,
founder of the National Jazz Hall of Fame, poured himself another drink as he listened to some
old jazz recordings and thought about the decisions facing him. Established about one year ago,
the National Jazz Hall o
What should Mr. Rutland do? Include the following issues: â€¢ Budget: acquiring adequate
resources â€“ Philanthropic organizations â€“ Governmental agencies â€“ Donations â€“
Memberships â€“ Visitors â€¢ Budget: expenditures (consider Paramount theatre) â€¢
Performance: services/activities to offer â€¢ Competition â€¢
Why did BellSouth have to change all the area codes instead of simply using the new codes for
the new devices?
A project to develop technology training seminars is 5 days behind schedule at day 65. It had a
planned cost of $735,000 for this point in time, but the actual cost is only $550,000. Estimate the
schedule and cost variances. Re-estimate the variances if the actual cost had been $750,000.
How does Table 2 compare to the discussion in the chapter?
How did the two PMs implement their strategy?
Describe the three variances of an earned value chart and explain their significance.
The earned value chart is an attempt to put the three dimensional concept of Figure into a two-
dimensional format. Is it successful? What is missing?
How might a variance be traced back to its source?
Reallocate the placement of the seven types of conflicts into the nine cells of Table 4-1 according
to your own logic.
In what ways was the project scope expanded? Would you consider this to be â€œscope
creepâ€? MINI CASE Reggie Brown, B&W Nuclear Service Companys (BWNS) project
manager for Nita Light and Powers Green Meadow plant, reflected on the dilemma that had
plagued him for over a year. His team had completed
A software development project at day 70 exhibits an actual cost of $78,000 and a scheduled cost
of $84,000. The software manager estimates a value completed of $81,000. What are the cost
and schedule variances and CSI? Estimate the time variance.
Was scheduling the difficult aspect of planning the games or the logistics?
How did the trade late in the project between ViewStar and Texas Instruments probably operate?
How does â€œescalationâ€ work? Is escalation allowed in the escalation?
Given the results of the study, did the consensus approach indeed lead to a solution acceptable to
all? Why wasnâ€™t everyone happy with this outcome?
Describe the four points of principled negotiation.
What are the three main requirements of project negotiation?
How would a Project Management Information System differ from an ordinary Management
Information System?
What is â€œprincipled negotiationâ€?
A sales project at month 5 had an actual cost of $34,000, a planned cost of $42,000, and a value
completed of $39,000. Find the cost and schedule variances and the CPI and SPI.
What are the advantages for a PM of having a computerized system over a manual one? The
disadvantages?
Resolve the earned value example of Table 10-1 by re-computing Figures (a) and (b) using the
0â€“100%rule.
The chairman of Cadbury Schweppes PLC, G.A.H. Cadbury suggests (1987) the following test
for an ethical action: Would you be embarrassed to have it described in the newspaper? Is this a
sufficient test for ethics? Can you think of any others?
How does Table 1 compare to the discussion in the chapter?

A consulting project has an actual cost in month 10 of $23,000, a scheduled cost of $17,000, and
a value completed of $20,000. Find the schedule and cost variances and the three indexes.
Why did they need drawings of every site, building, and room?
Is the customer always right? Do you think any of the â€œcommon reporting problemsâ€
described in the chapter may have occurred here? MINI CASE Reggie Brown, B&W Nuclear
Service Companys (BWNS) project manager for Nita Light and Powers Green Meadow plant,
reflected on the dilemma that had plagued hi
What is the project Mr. Rutland is trying to manage? Has it stayed the same? MINI CASE Mr.
Robert Rutland, founder of the National Jazz Hall of Fame, poured himself another drink as he
listened to some old jazz recordings and thought about the decisions facing him. Established
about one year ago, the N
Why do you think Wilson was appointed Director?
How much preplanning could be done for wrecks such as these in terms of disaster teams,
command center locations, task sequencing, and so on?
What approach should have been adopted to determine what was best for the overall community?
A project to develop a county park has an actual cost in month 17 of $350,000, a planned cost of
$475,000, and a value completed of $300,000. Find the cost and schedule variances and the three
indexes.
What was the key to solving this dilemma?
Discuss the benefits of timely, appropriate, detailed information. How can a value be assigned to
these characteristics?
What experience credentials does NYCTA look for in appointing wreck-masters?
Find the schedule and cost variances for a project that has an actual cost at month 22 of
$540,000, a scheduled cost of $523,000, and an earned value of $535,000.
At week 24 of a project to shoot a television commercial, what should the expenditures be? If the
earned value is right on schedule but the actual expenses are $9,000, what are the cost and
schedule variances? What are the three indexes, the ETC, and the EAC? Use the
proportionalityrule.
A more intensive, and extensive, monitoring system is needed in project management than in a
functional organization. Why?
The Newcastle Nursing and Rehabilitation Residence (NNRR) is a 135-bed skilled nursing
home. NNRR is considering converting a 36-bed wing of their main building for use by patients
who require ventilator-assisted breathing. The rooms will be slightly smaller than optimum for
ventilator patients, but just exceed the rec
What would have been the first set of tasks Wilson would have considered after requesting help?
What type of general purpose software might project managers find useful?
Is the point of the letter to the editor about scope creep, or tracking? What is it about?
Smithson Company Keith Smithson is the CEO of the Smithson Company, a privately owned,
medium-size computer services company. The company is 20 years old and, until recently, had
experienced rapid growth. Mr. Smithson believes that the companyâ€™s recent problems are
closely related to the depressed Asian economy. Bri
How should a PMIS be chosen?
Can you identify other symptoms of computer misuse besides those in Section 10.4?
Of the skills mentioned in the chapter that a project manager needs, which are most important
here? Why? MINI CASE Mr. Robert Rutland, founder of the National Jazz Hall of Fame, poured
himself another drink as he listened to some old jazz recordings and thought about the decisions
facing him. Establish
What factors outside Brownâ€™s control interfered with his efforts to work with the utility?
MINI CASE Reggie Brown, B&W Nuclear Service Companys (BWNS) project manager for
Nita Light and Powers Green Meadow plant, reflected on the dilemma that had plagued him for
over a year. His team had completed a
Describe the various ways that earned value can be found.
Project managers are primarily concerned with project interfaces. At what rate do these
interfaces increase with increasing project size?
Isnâ€™t arbitrarily reducing the available budget for tasks dangerous? What was View
Starâ€™s probable strategic thinking here?
Draw an earned value chart for the end of the first week (7 days) assuming the time
proportionality rule for the project illustrated in the following network diagram given the
following costs and percentagecompletions:
How were bureaucracy and local contractor politics avoided?
What cultures are relevant to this project? Describe the project environment. MINI CASE Mr.
about one year ago, the
International Microcircuits, Inc. Megan Bedding, vice-president of sales for International

Microcircuits, Inc. (IM), was delighted when IM was one of the few firms invited to enter a bid
to supply a large industrial customer with their major product in a small foreign country.
However, her top salesperson for that regi
In what phase of the disaster plan does providing for alternate services probably occur? In what
phase does bringing new equipment and supplies occur?
How do you think they did planning for the bad weather?
What would be the motivation of a project team that immediately falls behind schedule?
Describe routine reports and some problems with them.
Identify the various stakeholders in the project, including the competition. MINI CASE Mr.
about one year ago, the N
How does the type of project organization affect each of the types of conflicts that occur over the
project life cycle?
The U.S. Army Corps of Engineers has contracted with a medium-size excavation firm to
construct a small series of three earthen dams as part of a flood control project in North Carolina.
For economic reasons, dams #1 and #2 have to be constructed at the same time and dam #3 can
be built only after #1 and #2 are complet
What will be the likely result of a win-win style manager negotiating with a win-lose style
manager? What if they are both win-lose styled?
Identify the key factors that need to be considered when setting up a monitoring system.
The author criticizes the selection of engineers for projects. Is the author saying engineers
donâ€™t make good project managers?
Give an example of a Pareto-optimal solution in a conflict.
Identify the types of likely conflicts during the project buildup, main program, and phase-out
stages.
What was the problem with the mentality of admiring heroic rescues of projects in trouble?
The following project is at the end of its sixth week. Find the cost and schedule variances. Also
find the CPI, SPI, ETC, and EAC for theproject.
Based on this case situation, does the consensus approach lead to what is best for the overall
community? Why (not)?
What primary characteristic distinguishes the very successful project managers from the more
mediocre project managers?
Discuss the uses of a PMIS in the different stages of the project life cycle.
What are the primary difficulties experienced in the design of project reports?
For the following test marketing project at week 6: a. Ignore the far right â€œ% Completeâ€
column and using the 50â€“50 percent completion rule for PV and EV, calculate the cost,
schedule, and time variances. Also calculate the CPI, SPI, CSI, and the ETC and EAC. b. Repeat
the calculations in a, but now using the â€œ
Given that many conflicts are the result of different parties having different interests, is it
possible to achieve a win-win situation?
Review and justify the placement of the seven types of conflicts into the nine cells of Table 4-1.
A project is usually a one-time activity with a well defined purpose. What is the justification of
setting up a PMIS for such a project?
Summarize the vignette in the chapter in terms of the negotiation skill used. Comment on the
appropriateness and ethical aspects related to â€œburyingâ€ the cost.
Discuss each of the four fundamental issues for potential conflict during the project formation
stage.
What is â€œearned valueâ€?
What actions in Exhibit 1 might have been key to making this project a success?
Resolve Problem 8b using MSP. Omit the calculations for CPI, SPI, and CSI.
BellSouth employed a number of measures to communicate the need for change. In the end, what
was probably the main reason their customers accepted the change?
Did BellSouthâ€™s customers want new area codes or not? What was the true nature of the
problem here?
What are the four categories of conflict?
The critical term in the concept of principled negotiation is â€œposition.â€ Elaborate on the
multiple meanings of this term relative to negotiation. Can you think of a better term?
Which method of estimating earned value seems the most accurate? Which one would you
recommend? Why?
In Table 1, which of the problems are related to project setup (perhaps occurring before a project
manager was selected) and which are related to the project managerâ€™s skills?
List some factors that would be difficult to monitor.
What types of measures do data come in?
What key background factors led to making this project a success?
Is it unethical, in an attempt to avoid a â€œshoot-themessengerâ€ response, to simply not

mention bad news?
Reconsider Table 2-3 to explain why the simulated outcome in Table 2-4 is only about half as
much as the value originally obtained in Table 2-2. Does the spread of the data in Table 2-3
appear realistic?
Given the table in Problem 6, assume that the cash flow estimates for each year are best
represented by a triangular distribution and that the hurdle rate is 20 percent. (a) Use Crystal
BallÂ® to find the expected NPV of the project. (b) What is the probability that the project will
yield a return greater than the 20 p
Reconsider the projects in terms of: â€¢ Are any â€œmust doâ€ projects of the nonnumeric
type? â€¢ What elements of the projects might imply greater or lesser riskiness? â€¢ might there
be any synergies or conflicts between the projects? â€¢ do any of the projects have non-
quantitative benefits or costs that should be
Jackson Insurance and Title Company Mark Suturana joined the Jackson Company six months
ago. He is an experienced management information systems executive who has been given the
task of improving the responsiveness of Jacksonâ€™s data processing group to the end user.
After several months of investigation, Mark felt ce
What did Brown and BWNS do well in this situation? What could have been done better? MINI
CASE Reggie Brown, B&W Nuclear Service Companys (BWNS) project manager for Nita
Light and Powers Green Meadow plant, reflected on the dilemma that had plagued him for over
a year. His team had completed an outa
What project goals are most important during the project life cycle stages?
What aspects of the projects might invalidate the ranking you just derived? How should we
correct for each investmentâ€™s time value of money, unequal lifetimes, riskiness, and size?
MINI CASE In early January 1993, the senior-management committee of Pan-Europa Foods was
to meet to draw up the firms ca
Contrast validity with reliability. What aspects, if any, are the same?
How is sensitivity analysis used in project selection?
What do the aggregate project plan and the plan of record illustrate to upper management?
What was your impression of the impact that HPâ€™s project selection process had on the
number of projects underway? How do you expect HP would score on project management
maturity?
Referring to Problem 11, develop a spreadsheet to help Nina select a location for her boutique.
Suppose Nina is able to negotiate a lower rent at location 3 and thus raise its ranking to
â€œgood.â€ How does this affect the overall rankings of the four locations?
Interpret the columns of data in Table 2-4. Does the $10,968 value mean that the project is
expected to return only this amount of discounted money?
What should a firm do when an accepted practice in a foreign country is illegal in its own
country?
What is a sacred cow? Give some examples.
Might it not make sense to include a least a few of the more promising new product projects in
their portfolio?
Suppose you have a talented scientist temporarily working for you on a client contract who is
due to be transferred back to her regular job. Although you could do without her efforts at this
point of the contract, you happen to know that she will be laid off for lack of work at her regular
job and her personal financia
When should out-plan projects be reconsidered for inclusion?
Why do you think managers underutilize project selection models?
What are some advantages and disadvantages of the profit/profitability numeric models?
How does a project manager, in some cases, work like a politician?
By what criteria do you think managers judge selection models? What criteria should they use?
What is the real difference between profitability and scoring models? Describe a model that
could fit both categories.
Why are successful projects so important to Hewlett-Packard?
If an inflation rate of 2 percent, normally distributed with a standard deviation of .333 percent, is
assumed, what is the expected NPV of the project in Problem 7, and what is the probability that
it will qualify?
In what ways is language crucial in project management?
Contrast subjective and objective measures. Give examples of the proper use of each type of
measure when evaluating competing projects.
What other benefits might you expect from a system such as this?
Develop a spreadsheet for Problem 9. (a) What would your recommendation be if the weight for
the implementation risks went down to 10 and the weight of cultural differences went up to 25?
(b) Suppose instead that method A received a score of 3 for implementation risks. Would your
recommendation change under these circu
How did the new project selection process handle nonnumeric type projects? Risk? How did this
new process alter new project proposals at HP?
Why did it take five months to explain the problem to the stakeholders?
Use a weighted score model to choose between three methods (A, B, C) of financing the
acquisition of a major competitor. The relative weights for each criterion are shown in the
following table as are the scores for each location on each criterion. A score of 1 represents
unfavorable, 2 satisfactory, and 3favorable.
What are some of the essential characteristics of effective project team members?
On what basis does the real options model select projects?
What important comparisons does the aggregate project plan in figure allow?
What is the role of projects and their management in this new process? That is, wouldnâ€™t a
functional approach have worked just as well?
Portillo, Inc. is a manufacturer of small household appliances and cooking utensils. Working
with Johanna Portillo, the CEO of the firm, her executive team has developed a scoring model to
analyze and select new items to be added to the product line. The model is also used to select old
items to be dropped from the lin
Why must project management team members have good technical skills?
Discuss how the following project selection models are used in real-world applications. (a)
Capital investment with discounted cash flow. (b) Simulation models.
Describe each of the four elements of culture.
Why is it more difficult to keep the project on its time and cost schedules the later the project
gets in its life cycle?
What are some of the conflicts that are bound to occur between parties that have legitimate
interests in the project?
What are some of the limitations of project selection models?

Define monitoring. Are there any additional activities that should be part of the monitoring
function?
Lesson 12 warns about not planning enough, but also about spending too much time planning.
How do you draw the line?
How far should an evaluation team go in trying to quantify project contributions to the firmâ€™s
mission or goals? What is the role of financial selection criteria in HPâ€™s project selection
process?
Can a measure be reliable, yet invalid? Explain.
Why do you think the stakeholders no longer trusted the authorities?
Nina is trying to decide in which of four shopping centers to locate her new boutique. Some
locations attract a higher class of clientele than others, some are in an indoor mall, some have a
much greater customer traffic volume than others, and, of course, rent varies considerably from
one location to another. Because
What does the term â€œmaturityâ€ mean?
How is option 3 a solution?
Would uncertainty models be classified as profitability models, scoring models, or some other
type of model?
How does the project act as a stepping-stone for the project managerâ€™s career?
Describe the eight-step project portfolio process.
Contrast culture, microculture, and multiculture.
Two new Internet site projects are proposed to a young start-up company. Project A will cost
$250,000 to implement and is expected to have annual net cash flows of $75,000. Project B will
cost $150,000 to implement and should generate annual net cash flows of $52,000. The company
is very concerned about their cash flow
Discuss the PMâ€™s responsibilities toward the project team members.
Identify the five multicultural factors requiring special consideration.

What would be involved in changing the simulation threat from hurricanes to earthquakes?
Can you think of several ways to assure â€œbreadth of communicationâ€ in a project? Do you
think â€œsocializationâ€ off the job helps or hinders?
Contrast risk with uncertainty. Describe the window-of-opportunity approach.
How does a risk analysis operate? How does a manager interpret the results?
A four-year financial project has net cash flows of $20,000; $25,000; $30,000; and $50,000 in
the next four years. It will cost $75,000 to implement the project. If the required rate of return is
0.2, conduct a discounted cash flow calculation to determine the NPV.
If employing people to use pails to move water helps the economy, why not use spoons instead
and thus hire even more people? How should the official have been answered?
Identify some important types of project environments.
Using NPV, conduct a straight financial analysis of the investment alternatives and rank the
projects. Which NPV of the three should be used? Why? Suggest a way to evaluate the effluent
project. MINI CASE In early January 1993, the senior-management committee of Pan-Europa
Foods was to meet to draw up
Give an example of a Q-Sort process for project selection.
How is communication through art different than through language?
Considering all the above, what screens/factors might you suggest to narrow down the set of
most desirable projects? What criteria would you use to evaluate the projects on these various
factors? Do any of the projects fail to pass these screens due to their extreme values on some of
the factors?
Is the new project management approach to implementing strategy bottom-up or top-down?
If ROI isnâ€™t the big picture, what do you think is?
L & M Power In the next two years, a large municipal gas company must begin constructing new
gas storage facilities to accommodate the Federal Energy Regulatory Commissionâ€™s Order
636 deregulating the gas industry. The vice-president in charge of the new project believes there
are two options. One option is an underg

What process do you think would be used to analyze the simulation results?
What is the most important selection characteristic of a project manager?
Name the categories of skills that should be considered in the selection of a project manager.
Identify some of the ethical issues that can arise in a bid response to an RFP.
Why do you think cost drops in importance as an objective right after the formation stage?
Project managers must be generalists rather than specialists. Yet, team members need to have
more specialized, technical skills. Can a generalist manage a team of specialists effectively?
Why, in lesson 9, is always thinking about â€œwhat ifâ€ so important?
How would you find the probability in figure of an NPV of over $20,000?
Considerable attention is paid to the measures HP uses to evaluate its projects. Is the aim of
carefully defining these measures to simplify the project selection process or something else?
A four-year financial project has estimates of net cash flows shown in the following table: It will
cost $65,000 to implement the project, all of which must be invested at the beginning of the
project. After the fourth year, the project will have no residual value. Using the most likely
estimates of cash flows, condu
Contrast cultural differences with environmental differences. Isnâ€™t the culture part of the
environment?
Can risk analysis be used for nonproject business decision making? Explain how.
Calculate the profitability index for Problem 3. For Problem 4.
A dot-com startup has decided to upgrade its server computers. It is also contemplating a shift
from its Unix-based platform to a Windows-based platform. Three major cost items will be
affected whichever platform they choose: hardware costs, software conversion costs, and
employee training costs. The firmâ€™s technical
How difficult is it to change a culture where project management is perceived as of low status
and something to get out of to one where project management is respected? How would you
approach such a task?

Based on all the above, which projects should the management committee recommend to the
Board of Directors? MINI CASE In early January 1993, the senior-management committee of
Pan-Europa Foods was to meet to draw up the firms capital budget for the new year. Up for
consideration were 11 major projects
Contrast the prime law for projects, â€œNever surprise the boss,â€ with the corporate adage
â€œBad news never travels up.â€
What are the major differences between functional managers and project managers?
Is project management maturity focused on doing better on multiple projects or single projects?
Which of the many purposes of the project portfolio process are most important to a firm with a
low project management maturity? Which to a firm with high maturity?
Are there certain types of projects that are better suited for nonnumeric selection methods as
opposed to numeric ones?
What does the plan of record illustrate that the aggregate project plan does not?
What is the distinction between a qualitative and a quantitative measure?
What might have been the problems with options 1, 2, and 4?
What would happen to the NPV of the above project if the inflation rate was expected to be 4
percent in each of the next four years?
How does the discounted cash flow method answer some of the criticisms of the payback period
and average rate of return methods?
Contrast the competitive necessity model with the operating necessity model. What are the
advantages and disadvantages of each?
Strategically, what must Pan-Europa do to keep from becoming the victim of a hostile takeover?
What rows/categories in Exhibit 2 will thus become critically important in 1993? What should
Pan-Europa do now that they have won the price war? Who should lead the way for Pan-Europa?
MINI CASE In early Janu
For what reasons are strikes and lockouts relatively rare nowadays?
What are the major benefits and limitations associated with the use of self-managed teams?

Affirmative action is both a legal and emotional issue affecting employees and employers.
Develop as many arguments as you can both supporting and opposing affirmative action as an
employer policy. If you were asked to implement such a program, what steps would you follow?
Divide the projects into the four Project Profile Process categories of incremental, platform,
breakthrough, and R&D. Draw an aggregate project plan and array the projects on the chart.
MINI CASE In early January 1993, the senior-management committee of Pan-Europa Foods was
to meet to draw up the firms
What are the four parts of a technical proposal?
How would you prepare for labor contract negotiations as a member of management? As head of
the union negotiating committee?
Throughout the chapter, specific court cases have been highlighted to signify their impact on
shaping federal antidiscrimination policy. Identify these cases and explain their significance in
defining employee or employer rights and duties.
Describe the three characteristics common to most union-management partnerships. Discuss the
benefits of union-management partnerships to management, unions, and workers.
What are the pros and cons of having a more diverse workforce? Is the United States in a better
position to compete globally because of its diverse population?
What is the difference between job security and union security? How do unions attempt to
enhance union security?
Explain how industrial engineering and ergonomics can both clash with and complement each
other in the design of jobs.
Do pressures on cost containment work against effective management of people? Why or why
not?
How are the career challenges of minorities both similar to and different from those of women?
As a small-business employer, explain how nontraditional work schedules might make it easier
for you to recruit employees.
What are some of the possible reasons Scott did not seek or receive advice from her immediate
supervisor? Sue Ann Scott was a receptionist at the headquarters of a large corporation. A high
school graduate, she had no particular skills other than an ability to organize her job duties and a
pleasant personality. Unfort
According to expectancy theory, what two variables determine motivation?
Today, human resources management is not just the responsibility of the personnel department.
If people are a competitive resource, then line managers play an increasingly important role in
managing the workforce. But this is not an either/or situation. Rather than seeing line managers
take over responsibility from HR
What are the five sets of needs in Maslowâ€™s hierarchy? How are a personâ€™s needs related
to motivation?
Briefly describe the history of unions in the United States.
Discuss the various methods by which job analysis can be completed. Compare and contrast
these methods, noting the pros or cons of each.
Give some reasons for the trend toward increased emphasis on career management programs.
Do unions really derive their power mainly from their membership and labor legislation? What
are some other sources of union power?
Over the years, Boeing and its unions have disagreed over key issues such as compensation and
job security. When the International Association of Machinists and Aerospace Workers calls a
strike, it knows it has a strong position. The company canâ€™t easily find trained workers to
replace the highly-skilled union machin
Cite and describe the major federal laws and court decisions that affect the employment process
of both large and small organizations.
After receiving several complaints of sexual harassment, the HR department of a city library
decided to establish a sexual harassment policy. What should be included in the policy? How
should it be implemented?
Over the past decade the problem of sexual harassment has captured the attention of all managers
and employees. While it is widely known that sexual harassment is both unethical and illegal, the
incidents of sexual harassment continue to plague business. Unfortunately, when these cases
arise, they cause morale problems
What contributions can a career management program make to an organization that is forced to
downsize its operations?

1. What knowledge, skills, and abilities (KSAs) are required for the successful performance of
Miles Masseyâ€™s job? 2. Recall the earlier chapter section â€œJob Analysis.â€ Apply some
observations from that section to this scene. What duties, tasks, and activities do you infer from
the scene for Masseyâ€™s job? 3, Jo
Describe the steps in the process of behavior modification.
People are a vital ingredient in Finagle A Bagelâ€™s recipe for success. As a quick-serve
business, the company strives for high turnover in food, not employees. In fact, careful attention
to human resources management has enabled Finagle A Bagel to continue expanding its market
share without spending money on advertis
What competitive environmental forces influence the firmâ€™s strategy?
As a marketing manager you have recently turned down Nancy Conrad for a position as sales
supervisor. Nancy believes the denial was due to her gender and she has filed a sex
discrimination charge with the EEOC. Explain the steps the EEOC will use to process the
charge; include Nancyâ€™s options during the process.
1. Evaluate the conduct of Peter Lewiston against the EEOCâ€™s definition of sexual
harassment. 2. Should the intent or motive behind Lewistonâ€™s conduct be considered when
deciding sexual harassment activities? Explain. Peter Lewiston was terminated on July 15, 2004,
by the governing board of the Pine Circle Unified
Explain the major stages of team development.
Which labor contract issues are likely to be the easiest to resolve? Which are likely to be the
most difficult?
What is the Uniform Guidelines on Employee Selection Procedures? To whom do the guidelines
apply? What do they cover?
Someone once said that TQM â€œis like paving cow paths.â€ What do you suppose this means
in relation to reengineering?
1. What problems do you think WellPoint might have encountered by moving so many
employees to a web-based HR system? 2. What do you think WellPointâ€™s HR department
should try to achieve in moving forward? 3. How can PeopleSoft make certain that WellPoint is
happy with its service? When Tom Van Berkem, senior vice pr
What is meant by the term criterion as it is used in personnel selection? Give some examples of
criteria used for jobs with which you are familiar.
According to equity theory, how does an employee determine whether he or she is being treated
equitably?
Describe the process of forming a union, and explain the role of the National Labor Relations
Board (NLRB) in that process.
Identify the three key elements of the human resources planning model and discuss the
relationships among them.
What combination of motivational techniques do you think would result in the best overall
motivation and reward system?
Strikes are costly to both the union members walking the picket line and the company whose
employees are off the job. Companies may lose business and struggle to get things done properly
and on time. Often, they try to minimize the disruption by assigning managers and hiring
workers to fill in. Meanwhile, those on stri
1. Given the facts of this case, is it possible for Brenda and Martin to reach a satisfactory result?
Explain. 2. How could an organization go about identifying and measuring the personal
competencies of employees? 3. How could the company prevent this problem from occurring in
the future? Explain. Job descriptions ar
Which approach do you think should be relied on more heavily for strategy formulationâ€”the
quantitative or qualitative approach?
In what ways do executive search firms differ from the traditional employment agencies?
Part of strategic planning in HR is mapping an organizationâ€™s human capital. When we look

at the strategic value of a personâ€™s skills as well as their uniqueness, we soon discover that
organizations comprise different kinds of workers who have very different kinds of skills. Some
are core knowledge workers; some ar
Place yourself in the position of general manager of a service department. How might formally
written job requirements help you manage your work unit?
Based on what is reported in newspapers and the electronic media, most people believe that the
relationship between companies and unions is always contentious. Salary disputes,
disagreements over benefits, demand for more employee productivity, stalled negotiations, and
threats of strikes appear to be the only news rep
Explain the three issues involved in negotiations concerning employee pay.
What are the objectives of MBO? What do you think might be its disadvantages?
What are the pros and cons of change? Does it help or hurt organizational performance? Do you
like change? Why or why not?
Will technology eliminate the need for human resources managers?
1. What advantages will Lockheed Martin gain by using virtual teams? Explain. 2. Identify and
discuss potential problems with using virtual teamsâ€”for example, interpersonal, technical, or
geographical concerns. 3. Discuss specific training that virtual teams could receive. On October
26, 2001, defense contractor Loc
Explain how realistic job previews (RJPs) operate. Why do they appear to be an effective
recruitment technique?
George Schenkâ€™s passion is making work meaningful, sustainable, and personal. He learned
about wood-fired cooking from his grandmother in Vermont and, years later, rekindled his love
of cooking with fire when he founded the American Flatbread Company. His company produces
frozen wood-fired flatbread pizzas from all-n
How does employee participation increase motivation?
Describe the steps involved in the MBO process.
1. In your opinion, does Johnson have a viable claim of disability discrimination? Explain. Does
he have a claim of retaliatory discharge? Explain. 2. Does the fact that Johnson refused to discuss
his personal reasons for missing the meeting affect this case? 3. Do you believe Johnson was
insubordinate in this case? Ex
More than 50 percent of all MBAs leave their first employer within five years. While the change
may mean career growth for the individuals, it represents a loss to the employers. What are some
of the probable reasons an MBA would leave his or her first employer?
How do scientific management and Theory X differ from the human relations movement and
Theory Y?

Can you think of a situation in which, if a particular person left an organization, the
organizationâ€™s expertise would drop rapidly?
What are the two dimensions in Herzbergâ€™s theory? What kinds of elements affect each
dimension?
Identify and describe the major types of teams.
1. Are Babeâ€™s methods of herding sheep different from those used by the sheepdogs? If yes,
what are the differences? 2. Does Babe discover that he cannot successfully herd sheep as a
sheepdog herds them? What does he do? 3. Does Farmer Hoggett accept Babe for what he isâ€”a
pig not a sheepdog? This chapterâ€™s intro
1. Why would Professional Products commit to no layoffs in its expansion? Is this a positive
move, or could it be detrimental to the company? 2. In addition to training employees for other
jobs, what other HR strategies might the firm employ to maintain its relationship with its
domestic employees? When Robert Kilbey
What is the fundamental premise of reinforcement theory?
What are some of the barriers to advancement opportunities for women in many organizations?
1. What do you think are the prime advantages and disadvantages of Nikeâ€™s computer- based
interviewing system? 2. Are there any EEO concerns regarding this system? 3. If interviews
serve a public relations role, what should Nike be concerned about? Technology is changing how
companies recruit and select employees. N
Are people always an organizationâ€™s most valuable asset? Why or why not?
What criteria must be met if firms are to achieve a competitive advantage through their
employees?
Do the various theories of motivation contradict each other or complement each other? Explain.
In what ways are team cohesiveness and team conflict related?
1. How did the problems at Deloitte & Touche occur in the first place? 2. Did their changes fix
the underlying problems? Explain. 3. What other advice would you give their managers? In
1992, Deloitte & Touche, LLP, was celebrating the tenth year in which approximately 50 percent
of its new hires were women. Because it
1. Does Professor Callahan sexually harass Elle? If yes, what is the evidence in these scenes? 2.
If these scenes show sexual harassment, what type of harassment is it? Quid pro quo harassment
or hostile environment harassment? 3. Did Elle behave appropriately or inappropriately in
Professor Callahanâ€™s office? Revie
How might retired executives in any organization assist in the career management of current
employees?

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Allsorts Insurance Company uses a flexible overhead budget for its New Policy Department firm

Explain the meaning of the variable overhead efficiency variance?

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Describe how a parcel delivery company might use standard costs?

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What is the meaning of the term interaction between variances?

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Comprehensive budget question: wholesaler Universal Electric Company is a small, rapidly

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How might real-time reporting contribute to improving the competitive advantage of an

Outline the characteristics of an effective performance measurement system?

Explain the benefits of using transfer pricing within organizations?

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Kelly manufacturing is a medium-sized company that manufactures and markets a range of

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Explain how you would interpret a variable overhead spending variance?

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How does Table 2 compare to the discussion in the chapter?

How did the two PMs implement their strategy?

How might a variance be traced back to its source?

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How does â€œescalationâ€ work? Is escalation allowed in the escalation?

Describe the four points of principled negotiation.

What are the three main requirements of project negotiation?

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What is â€œprincipled negotiationâ€?

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How does Table 1 compare to the discussion in the chapter?

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Why do you think Wilson was appointed Director?

What was the key to solving this dilemma?

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What experience credentials does NYCTA look for in appointing wreck-masters?

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How should a PMIS be chosen?

Describe the various ways that earned value can be found.

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How were bureaucracy and local contractor politics avoided?

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International Microcircuits, Inc. Megan Bedding, vice-president of sales for International

Describe routine reports and some problems with them.

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Give an example of a Pareto-optimal solution in a conflict.

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What is â€œearned valueâ€?

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What are the four categories of conflict?

How does â€œescalationâ€ work? Is escalation allowed in the escalation?

What is â€œprincipled negotiationâ€?

What is â€œearned valueâ€?

Is it unethical, in an attempt to avoid a â€œshoot-themessengerâ€ response, to simply not

What does the term â€œmaturityâ€ mean?

Why, in lesson 9, is always thinking about â€œwhat ifâ€ so important?