Highlands of Ethiopia

THE
HIGHLANDS OF ÊTHIOPIA
BESCRIBED,
DURING EIGHTEEN MONTHS' RESIDENCE
OF
AT
THE CHRISTIAN COURT OF SHOA.
hldloiras, Toi Sixâ SeSaiarai, t^xo-TOi avdpwu,

Oi fihv Sv<TOfx4uov "firepiovos, ol S' avi6vT0Sy
'AuTidaov raiipmv re ical apveiSov iicarSi-LSTis.
'OAT:g2El'A, A, 22. et scq.
mtim
TO
BOOKSELLERS
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orders to this effect.
!3Jie abo^$ regulations tqmMjin force in our Dependenoies and

Colonial Possessloiii,
London, Jan. 1844.
London :
Printed by A. SpottiswqpBo^
New- Street- Square,
I/I
THE
hMlANDS of ETHIOPIA
MAJOR ¥. COMWALLIS HARRIS,

OF THE HON. E. I. COMPANy's ENGINEERS ;
AUTHOR OF " WlIiD SPORTS IN SOUTHERN AFRICA," " PORTRAITS OF

AFRICAN GAME ANIMALS,^' ETC.
IN THREE VOLUMES.
VOL. 1.
LONDON:
LONGMAN, BROWN, OREEN, AND LONGMANS,
PATERNOSTER-BOW.
1844.
EXTRACT
mBTmtmms Mmmmm %t mm mcmTARY

TO THE GOVERNMENT OF BO»^Y ICQ t^^m,
W. C. HARBia
Bombay Castle, 24th April, 1841.
I am directed to inform you, that the Honourable the

^rd^tiiorin 'Council having formed a very high estimate of your
td#ats and acquirements, and of the spirit of eisT^rppisearfd^^-
motif united with prudence and discretion, exhibited in your
recently published Travels " through the territories of the chief
Mosslekatse to the tropic of Capricorn/' has been pleas^
iSeleat you to conduct a Mission which the British Government
has resolved to send to Sahela Selassie, the King of JShoa in
Southern Abyssinia, whose capital, Ankd^j^r^ is computed to be
about four hundred miles inland from the|iort of Tajiira on the
African coast.
Tie Mission will be conveyed to Ad^n in the Honourable
Company's steam frigate Auckland, now under orders to leave
Bombay on the 27th instant and it has been arranged that one
;
of the Honourable Company's ve^^df war, at present in the

Red Sea, shall be in readiness to convey the Mission thence to
Tajura, at which latter place it should immediately disembark,
(Signed) J. P. Willoughby,
Secrel^ty l^"©«ii?frj^#it.
To Captain W. C. Harris,
Corps of Engineers.
A 3
Captain W. C*-SU«l^%''1^1^%if Engineers.
CAPTAm DoTCi.A^ GeasaMi Bombay Araiyj Principal
Assistant.
Assistant-Surgeon Rupert Kirk, Bombay Medical Stmm.
Dr.J. R, RoTHi Natural Historian.
tiEUTMNANT Sydney H#»Won, H. M. 4?9th Foot, a —m
Volunteer.
W. C. BARKER, Indian Navy.
IÎEICTTENANT
Assistant-Surgeon Impey, Bombay Medical S#tke*
Mr. Martin Bernatz, Artist.
Mr. Robert Scott, Surveyor and Draftsman.
Mr. J. Hatchatoor, British Agent at Tajura.
Escort and Eitablisbmeiiti
T'wtt -fejâEts and" ilfee^ itmU--smA 'roluteert tmm H, M«

6th Foot, and from the Bombay Arfflery.
An Assistant Apothecary.
Carpetiter.
Smith.
Two Tent Lascars.
INTRODUCTION.
Written in the heart of Abyssinia, amidst mani-

fold interruptions and disadvantages, the follow-
ing pages will be found redolent of no midnight

oil. Their chief recommendation must be sought
in the fact of their embodying a detail of efforts
zealously directed under the auspices of a liberal

Government, towards the establishment of a moje
intimate coniieatiiît witib a Oh^sMan people, wi0
^^gfapMâl and scfeii'îa |m0Î#g% the advance-

^ the hmt mtmm^ mmmm, th^
aiii6liamti0ii <SP lilt fot of of the leajst fmmr^
Mil ibr the introduction of
the fgfôiq^ es:tpact fmm his instruetiaii% mil

exonerate the Author from ^ intention^ ap-
propriate as his due the very gratifying encomium

passed upon his previous exertions in Southern
Afriea» As a public servant, the freedom of his
pen has now in some measure been curtailed ; but
his official position and resources, added to the
able assistance placed at his command, have, on the
other hand, extended more than commensurate
advantages.
!to Captelia Douglas Graham, Tm itccompHs&ed
$,ii(J early friend, and principal aissistant, he
0i di $f of a pen, m^h m a¥e m% offetB t#
'
The ^^tioiaa <^ AfSistaat^Siiiî^ Mth aHe-
"viated in0^#iiliiWte JmmiiA maifetirig^
isa¥eram0%-^^liOi^frl^^ uiifairoui?^^^
oBmafee, caaAefl lihfo^^^ * Series of m%jptetfo md
^taîiomical obseirvatioiiS of the highest impoirt-
mice to Abyssinian geography.
An indefatigable devotion to the cause of science,
added to the experience gained during previous
wanderings in Palestine, eminently adapted the
learned Dr. Roth to discharge the arduous func-
tions of natural historian to the Mission; and
the splendid collection realized, together with the
researches embodied in the various appendices to
these volumes, will afford the fullest evidence of
Ms Industry and success.
t^M -wb wê asîi^ted with himself in view

fo ^ li^tter ^MwmM ti ^Sm objects contem-
t
INTRODUCTION. xi
plBted, the Author here offers his warm acknowledg-

ments for the cheerfulness displayed under trials
and privations. Of the able assistance of SQme he

was unavoidably deprived during an early period
of the service. The disappointment thus involved
in his own person has been fully equal to that
experienced by themselves ; but they must be sen-
sible that their hardships have not been undergone
hi vmhf adact that tliey too have accomplished their
s1ia*6 m *M utiiiîjfeking so far as fo^lune
% ih^ Mmmm^ Krapf the ikmk&. Oo-

v^mm0it i^mMf "bmi mî^wi^ fat Ihe
:ffiLeifcg4te m$U§ WmiB of this C5^0*tsp4t^

fnW^f io mm^ itts jN&ys^mial sei^tif ob%$?tio3i
iii^ ^tive md pious Missionary of CJIiiceJDii
By no tribttte of his own could the writer of

these volumes extend the well-dêrved reputation
of M'Queen's Geographical Survey. It will never-
theless be satisfactory to one who takes rank

among the foremost benefactors of the oppressed
" children of the sun/' to receive the additional
testimony which is due to the undeviating accuracy

of theories and conclusions founded upon years oi
patient and honest investigation; and this the
Author unhesitatingly records, in so far as the
north-eastern porticMii «rf MAm hmâmm-'^t^
Ankober, 1st January, 1843.
POSTSCMFTtlM.
The length of time that has unavoidably elapsed

between the prejiarjatiQix mi the appearance of
theie volumes, needs no apology. They pwiBl m%
now be suffered to go forth without the expression
of the Author'i g^tltmde for the assistaaoe derived
during their progîf %mugh the press, from the
talents ^nd lit^»|^ Wmim- of Im MmA Majoi?
FimMn Luihiagtoii,C*B.
CONTENTS
m
THE FIEBT VOLUME.
CHAFTEK I
Page
Departure of the British Embassy from the shores of
India i
CHAP. II.
Disembarkation at Cape Aden - - - 7
CHAP. m.
A stroll through the infant Metropolis of British Arabia 15
CHAP. rr.
The Gibraltar of the East - - - 23
CHAP, V,
Toyage across the Gulf of Arabia - * - 30
CHAP. VI.
Cast anchor at TÂra on the African coast - « 88
CHAP. VII.
Eeceptioa of the itotbi»y by the Sultfc M tlie iei-pof%

md return Tisit to His H^hnesi - - - 46
mm. vm.
Tûra^ «T^citf rf iie feêlfeânt'' - - 53
XIV CONTENTS.
CHAP, m Page
CHAP. XI.
lB%mloui
witii Ihe
proeêdiiigs %% Ajxlîl^^
Eas el Mfikk .... mi niiderstanding
77
."Mlq^t — %0 Sî-iMpl0ii^%-i*epi3#ei life j^felgfr*
CiaAE Wai.
(Mmmf passage Kilt, Eei^ tlie Ifescenstts a3 Inferos B§
CHAP, XIV,
CHAP. XV.
Dismal night-march along the inhospitable shores of the
Qreat Salt Xâke ^ ^ ^
CHAP. XVl
AfflieMng catastrophe at Goongoonteli ^ - - IfS
CHAP, XVII.
%e S^ktto. ÔW®^ ti0S.*— Cai» of the murdered. _
Alooli and Bedi Knrpoof - « ^ „ Igg
mm. 'mm
DMdee, and 0oliaai • * « - I 4f
CHAP- XIX.
InteMew witli the Ogm . - ^ 1^1
CHAP. XX
CHAP. XXI.
Sankul and Suggagedan. — Dawaylaka and Amadoo in the
liiaits of €he Gbfe^lfc SCiadaito - - - 160
CHAP. xxn.
Red House of Mudaito. — Chronicle of the conquest of
CHAP. XXHI.
CHAP. XXIV.
Massacre of the Five Hundred. - - - 198
Kaloo, a Den of Thieves in the Woema Territories. — Ba-

rurudda and Killulloo - - - - 208
CHAP. XXVX
Ominous BeMtes Slid intoleimbk del^j^g at tihe SMrW^y
Stage 218
CHAP. xxvn.
Persecutions of the gathered Clans. — Parting interview
CHAP. XXVIH.
Benewal of debates by Ibrahim Shehem Abli, surnamed
CHAP. XXIX.
Kaga Koomi, — Meinha-ToUi. — Madera Dubba, and Sul-
QHAP. XXX.
Field of eîiiet Vcrkanom ^ Om^ of Xoor Erain
Maroo * * - - - 260
dudda ......
Menace of l&e B^r JfoMto*— Moolu ZiffgMr^ aiid Bur-
269
A Igfe of ii© i^tot of . . - « 2t0
Tbe oMte-ejti fttoilr* .Bi^^ _imi: f&t $tofM of

theHiwtsli - - - - - - iSi
Gam mmm
CHAP. XXXY.
Wadj Azboti. — Arrival of a spy from the Abyssinian
Momtmns - - - ^ - $ii
CHAP. XXXVI.
Valley of Kokai. — Hostilities of Wulasma Mohammad - 321
iDinomali. — Greetings from the NegoOs at Mrrli oa the

frontier of his dominions . ^ « . 330
A parting tribute of Gratitude inscribed i<> th^ People of

Adel « - - - - - 340
CHAP. XXXIX.
The gentle Adaieli and Farewell to them « M$i
CONTENTS. xvii
CHAF. XL.
Page
Ascent of tlie Abjssiman Alps * - - 362
CHAB mJL
Erobiiti^tt at Alo Amba - - - « g^g
CHAP. XLH.
The Weekly Market - - - - - 381
CHAP, XLin.
Tlie Principalitj of Hurrur - - * - $B0
CHAP. XLIT.
Escape from tlie Market-town - - - * 397
GHAP. mtuT.
Presentation Cmirt - - - - 4M'
APPEHDIX
h—^•Boiite ftom T^6m to- AnMljer - - 417
Ho. f .—^Bemarks on tlie Matniml HiMoij of limt Poriima
of the Adel Country, situated along the Route from the
Sea-coast to the Frontier of Efat - - - 418
No 3. — Description of the Prankincense Tre% m fmni
near Cape Gimriufoi? on the Somauli Coast - - 426
VOL, 1.
LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS.
VOL. L
Dedication to the Queen,

ILLUMINATED AFTER THE MANNER OF A SCROLL ADDRESSED TO HER MAJESTY
King Solomon on his throne. — The angel Gabriel. — The arch-

angel Michael. — St. — Theodorus and
George and the dragon. St.
the bull. — The lions of JEthiopia, — The im|>erial drwms*

kettle
Feontispiecb • Adalel Warriors,
Map qw Abyssimia (mfmepage 1%
VOL. IL
Frontispiece . Mount Mamrat, styled " The Mother of
Graces** #om the British liesideiMjy at
Ankober.
Vignette • . . Christian Warriors of Shoa*
VOL. nr.
Pj|#OTls«E0B * SHiela S€lls$i% t%t King of Shoa.

Vjgnettb ...» Priesti of the Cathedral of Saint Michael*
- ;
.14
ABYSSINIA
ronsirnrtrJ from tlo' lai'^st
a/iil /".v/ (UiilunitU'S

WatldMnlUh
liv Jame s M' QuiHai Esq^
with additions
By Major Harris.
•l!Zuny;ur
Sm'rnlb C'«t#l^
dGU,d
I n .'irlftlllKinl
MZMTflllAIV—
i nit )kir S a u. g a m. a
AT
V4
K o o
S i b u o
ofihr nfn.ri hut i/iiy rtrtlo havn ptvrtiind

thiifthtciv If days hitj iirutt ihmfnmm
1
Anl Liwiii
9
/' / If mi e s ^ »,/<.,/. ' „ ,
Lktpm
,//^ r". ihrqrral
mtrrpî lit tlir ofthr nrnfff
•
trrnto^ tram thu patia>37JiMuiftrMrti^
Arcl t'\ Waiua

Anutfldr
ThrJIh rfjifw 'rrr„„„rtr
IrXr """""
I i^'*
ai3
THE
HIGHLANDB OF MTUWflA,
ETC-
CHAPTER 1.
OF THE BRITISH EMBASSY ^HB

SHOBES or INDIA.
i^m OTL tile- n^^tm&&^ in
iioMj when a dark column of smoke, streaming

over tlw sMpping in the crowded harbour of
Bombay, proclaimed the necessity of a hurried
adieu to a concourse of friends who still thronged
the deck and scarcely was the last wish for success
;
expressed to the parties that had eml^feidj before

tiia pi^tei- l^rifecwaidl. 'ibmr &mh tm^m&mf and
Auckland," bound tipmBir maiden wyêj shot

through the still blue water.
A turbaned multitude of manifold reHgions had
VOL. I. B
STEAM KAiÂâ^
lined the pier and the ramparts of the saluting

battery, to pay a parting tribute of respec^fr-t^ tlb^^
lategm^m$ W^t iMM0 Mmtt Cmmi^ i*^^
hm ^^^M^^^ff i#aa now rîj^â&g^lai3^^*^^
hmSi^ Ott IksÎI I^so were tli# i5fficers and gentile-
men coittpoBing an Embassy organised under in-
structions by the government of India. More than
a fortnight had been diligently passed in the equip-
ment of this mission but its objects, no less than
;
the d^stliiprtKsii of its iimuiaersibl^^ boxes,

sliiLvaî^^^ jû^d^ to public e?ari0a%;j mB^ mmy
Imm^he^ after the bounding frigate as she dig?
appeared amid the haze of the closuig day.
Immortal Watt ! sordid is the man who places his
foot behmd the Titanic engines which owe their
birth to thee, and who would withhold, as an offer-
ing to the altar of thy memory, a mite, according
ôlp^ m ^
ent gemti# J 'Blfeir4l?fei0*^ti%*^^^
îÂki^sBÂ by thy t|?0»$!e©fl^-
in aiffi&fes fiM^ti^l îice the introduction of the ma-

rine steam-engine upon the Indian seas. The creak-
ing of yards has given place to the coughing and
sobbing of machinery, as it heaves in convulsive
throes. Tacking and wearing have become terms
obsolete^, mM, thifOtagt tlie clang of the fire-doors,
:imd^#te ^â*d.ess stroke of paddk-wheel&ji the voice
3
Marked by Sk ploughed m3m^ llt^ -Wk^^^

tfefeitag mnme^ pi3*smed Wm^gh the 4i?fe!^s^ ib^ji
was demonstrated midway of the voyage by a tall

]^Wm 9^ tmoke from the funnel of the " Glei^patna^'
rising against the clear hot horizon, like a genie
liberated from his sealed bottle, to proclaim the
advent of the English mails. The deep blue sea
was glassy smooth. Each passing zephyr set from
Araby's shores; but, heedleBi^ dlkEt)f wmdmd cr^^^
posing 6«mt3i% llfce gi^>^ ship steadily pursued her

mmw^lSke flight,
—pa^s^ the baldandmtlmex-df So*
cotra, redolent of —
lîcy odours, sunset
before
of the Jpiiuthday was within sight of her destined
haven, one thousand six hundred and eighty miles
from the port she had left.
Cape Aden was the bold promontory in view,
and it had borrowed an aspect even more sombre
iiJsA ISsftd,' &dfflr It canopy of heavy clouds which
$t<iiîW2M(St^ mA shattered pe#% to tefift

the caitfe^^ff^'im^Btai^ a fimereal shrw4
Crossed by horizontal ledges, and testoed with gaps
and fissures, Jebel Shemshan rears its turreted
crags nearly eighteen hundred feet above the ocean,
into which dip numerous bare and rugged buttresses,
of width only sufi&cient to afibrd footing to a cony,
and: <5ac?ifc teiminating toi^ laluff inaccessible
ia»d aa^d ihingle ^&ew #e #e€aieii -Y^ys, by

wMoh th*^ tpui?4 WB ihM^ -asid
^tiinted balsam, or a saUow clump of senft%

stotggkd throfi^h the gaping fissure^ hollow as weE
3 2
4 ooA^T m mxmmm ababia.
as Mil w imtiMU M tbe ^mHteê, of vege-
" How hideously

Its shapes are heap'd around, rude, bare, and high,
Ghastfy, and s<3ari»*d, and riên ! & tMs ih& sefente
Where the old earthquake's demon taught her young

Ruin ? Were these their toys ?— or did a sea
Oftoer envel<!>pfe onê this Mim^l cape t*'
Rounding the stern peninsula, within stone's

emt of the frowiiin^ headlaiids, the magwlficieEt
western bay it$: îPcrn^ e^pm^ m the
evening clêav mih 4cMm tttt^tehaiA-
men, were pidiaig IM wssels m^s^Mmg the
Red Sea squadron. Among the isolated denizensf
of British Arabia, the unexpected arrival of a steam
frigate created no small sensation. Exiles on a
barren and dreary soil, which is precluded from all
intercourse with the fruitful, but barbarous iuterior,

jJiê is wthing to #Seviate a pcsfsi^tt imprison-
mSMfW^B tlte l^^dioafeal flying visits of th^ packets

that fasis mji *epasf Bum imd fi©iabiacy.
In the dead of night sadden glare of a blue
tite
light in the offing is answered by the illumination

of the blockship, heretofore veiled behind a curtain
of darkness. The double thunder of artillery next
peals from her decks; and as the labouring of
pad<Hg>wheelSj at fymi feimt and heard mA distant,
only at lm>km mt^v?ki% mm$$^ booming mmB
at the mast-head followed by # xeS gl^W tinte

is
the 3ter% as the* witch, buffeting a cascade of snowy

s
spray, vibîSit^ ^Wty sjtroke of the engine, and
glides, MisiiBtg boilfc^, lim m<^Mt^^

Warped alongside the blockship, the dingy irnJh
lean over like affectionate sisters that have been
long parted; and, flinging their arms together,
remain fast locked in each other's embrace.
And who are these swart children of the sun,
that, like aMay-day band of chimney-sweeps, are
springing with wild whoops and yellft jO^r ife W«
Zanzibar, whose pleasure consists in the tranship-

ment of yonder mountain of coal, lying heaped in
tons upon the groaning deck. To the dissonant
tones of a rude tambourine, thumped with the thigh-
bone of a calf, their labour has already commenced,
ito<5reasing ilte vehfeBii^nce oif tWir ^gtirage dance,
tJiey haave the paa^^jwis lM^ 0mt^ hmmi^
0$; piieit mi itnd. Itegrimied Ife^m hm^ to feo%
at intervalsupon the blackened planks, to
stanch the streaming perspiration. Thus stamping
and howling with increased fury, while the harsh
notes of the drum peal louder and louder to the
deafening vehemence of the frantic musician, they
pursue their task, night ^§w^ aa day, amid clamour
Pi4 fiîblt ^0m$€m%^^^ m moa^t- suggest
itkefdm-ift^^^ in mm^^tm0^^ M
happy to escape fmm ih^ mfîmîng 4^^ of
6 NEGBOEB
impalpable coal-dust ; and rarely does it happen

that for every hundred tons of fuel received, fewer
than one by the actors in the wild
life is forfeited
scene described — some doomed victim, swollen with

copious draughts, and exhausted by the frenzy of
excitement, invariably casting himself down when
his Herculean task is done, to Mly and rise up
no more.
CHAP. IL
MSEmBABKAXIOl^ AX GAPE ADEN*
Quitting the boisterous deck of the steamer, and

pullitig towards shores of Arabia, a cluster of
JP<5^j, mi^^ fitly ft> iiâ^
of fused ^ml otit 45f a^giaîfitenib^ m- sf-
pearance very far from inviting gt prepossessing.
They are httle relieved by a few straggling cadjan
buildings, temporarily occupied by those whose
avocations enable them, during the summer months,
to fly the intolerable heat of the oven-like town.
Btrt mdai' tilt roqf of Oaptain Stîfdri l&imes, who
th^ iim^^^^mi. responsible post pi^B(M&<^-
fills
A^^tj tMr^ awîifed the tmlmmy^ on ife im^&i^

a h<^10M^^ of no ordinary stamp. It literally
knew no bounds, and could b# fail to ojdite^te at
once any unfavourable first impression arising out
of the desolate aspect bestowed by Dame Nature
upon " Steamer Point."
A volunteer escort of European artillerymen
ms y# im h^. Î^tîaed tlie garrison 6f Adfen
j
lj<sra'^% ^9 W^m to be pufchaiea^ 0id ?mndry other
journey Into the interfor of Africa. During a foil
B i
8 VOLCANIC PBiraSIILA.
week tibere seemed no termiiiatioii to the influx

of bags containing dates, rice, and juwarree, and
scarcely a shorter period was occupied in the selection
from the government treasury of many thousand
star-dollars of the reign of Maria Theresa, display-
ing, estfdhtia its turn, all the multifarious marlsî3id
totesa^ most eiieietdî % :<S0tjpkcious ravage.
K^rffe^ iim %xiMM wMfe dfemsheC hj the
remote position of the town, which, unless throu^'
the kindness of friends, is only to be attained on
the back of one of the many diminutive donkeys sta-
tioned along the beach for the convenience of the

stranger. Encumbered with a straw-stufFed pack-
gadile $m£ îcceeding its 0mx dimensions, the
w:^4|i^li^d: )m^m^^ 7Mo
paiaftil ^nihh heavy oliafe
lyj the juT^^^0
Israehte with flowing auburn j^mg^<&tijrw^ chtibfey
by the sultry sun no
freckled cheeks, infiiitna^d'.
less than by the incessant manual labour employed,
are wont to assume a strangely ex:cited appearance

ere the journey be at an end.
.Along the entire coast of Southern Arabia, there
ii m m<m tmx^^k^h leatww #atn the l0%
|>romontoryof J4^x up
the iM mm^T 'Wti m fym0^t^ m iIIq-
g0Skm voleanic, Tha Arab histoH^* of tfe^
century, after speaking of the volcanoes of Sicily
and in the kingdom of the Maha Raj, alludes to it
as existing in the desert of Barhut, ^âceot to the
JEBEL SHEMShIn. 9
of ^mhe^r* Its sound, like the i?umfeHng of iten-

der, might then be heard many miles, ail4 fmm iite
entrails were vomited forth red-hot stones with a
flood of liquid fire." The skeleton of the long-
exhausted crater, once, in all probabihty, a nearly
perfect circle, now exhibits a horse-shoe-shaped
<53*eseeBt^ heni:0(ied In by splintered crags, which,
&^tim pexmiBî^ pwm^t^w the wildest ehm)^ of rock,

mhXj and desolation.
From the landing-place at Ras Marbut, a tortuous
track of five miles conducts past the coal-dep6t
and Seedie location, along various curvatures of the
arid coast, to the cantonment and town of Aden.
Sublime m barrenness," the rugged aii3: Idfty
Îfff pile themselves lapward in m$^^- of ite wmi
fm%^M^ sih&p% tiow- bj^^ 1^3^ IhoelSjig Sato
êoE^j^ji^lcmto spires, md now leaning over the
caravan of heavily-laden cêls that toil along the
path. The sunshine of perpetual summer reigns
throughout -the scene. Glittering sand-hills slum-
ber in breezy dimness around the land-locked har-
bour, and over the faint peaks of Yemen's distant
mountaiBt the ti^clouded sky and
floats
Mm. fim w^rW^§^ mfes. 1%ap agaiw#.#e d^rk

base of the n^k# iitets.^ biit th^wide gte^ jgmrit<si#
10 THEi JIXHAUSTED CEATEE.
pimh Mlk^ %*^^^sea-fO?pdig6y 0t%B pluming

at
of ^ fleet tafîter-winged -1»ms, riding quietly
iiaelLor on its tranquil bosom. As the road retires
horn the beach, the honey-combed cliffs assume the
similitude of massive walls and battlements, every
where pierced with loopholes and embrasures. A
gradual ascent leads through a craggy portal,
brisking i?itk ^«^^ and guarded by the pax^tig
it^jQE^te^l Cte^ si^QW Hit lai ôlM rock, to the

Iboi c€ whi^ the sm i^ti?ely pme^^ forms an
abrupt division in the chain, and beyond it the eye
suddenly embraces the basin-like valley wherein
stands the decayed capital of Arabia Felix.
"Aden," saith old Ibn Batuta of Tangiers, "is
situate upon the sea-shore —
a large city, without
©iiiel?' -Seed, water, or tree/' Ffare hteflred years
ImfB elapse4^|ct§e tMs gmjjJii© ptiffi^^
mi. to itegetgtfiott %m ift uio^s^ Aii
amphitheatre of dimensions Stfficient fQl^^til«g ©0^%
|)Wilibi*boi^^ formed by tWO volcanic ranges, once
in connection, but obviously rent asunder, heaved
outwards, and canted in opposite directions by some
violent eruption that has forced an opening to the
ocean. A sterility which is not to be surpassed
#^0: with an aspet* mmt repuMvie Had
iimigte tlaf
forMdding* I3b ifm mum the idaêary prospect, no
shrub reUevet the eye^ not evem lii fltwa? lewdls its
aid to enliven the wild and gloomy hollow, the
fittest refuge that the imaginalaoir could pictutt
for the lawless and the desperate. I*Ortificatkmg ai?e
ISLET OF SEERAH. 11
lo* be traced on every point either liable to assault

or eligible for defence: ruined castles and watch-
towers perched on the highest elevations of the
precipitous hills stand the now inaccessible guar-
dians of other days ; and even the limited view to
seaward, where the passing white sail of a small
Coasting craft, or #^-^tamaraft of the amphibious
fisbezmaia may occ^sioBfiJly M iMB^ porfiajly
Si^reeiied by lu tiîig^fe* mM^ iM^ 6mm Wkd
a great spectre over the inner harbour. Seerah,
the fortified black islet," is said to have been the
residence of Cain, the first born of a woman,"
after the murder of his brother Abel and, verily, it
;
would be difficult to devise a more appropriate exile

for the banished fratricide. Hurled into the sea by
^ <5Oi£fîl^m#a0i^^ U h tiiim^m^kS. by pumi<^ itofl^
by <atf3?i^^^ J0i 0M^&te> 'Qj.^ ;prq4uet0 of wltjanie
eiiiiô% atifewed among rmt mMhiklMg^Â'^ ^
ts&^^^m lava, or mingled with black masses of
porous rock, which bear evidence of fusion^ and
yield to the touch a metallic sound.
Sterility has indeed claimed this dreary region
as her own and even
; more productive por-
in the
tions of the peninsula, Httlei^îSEte Si^^rived from
BgflcSni^ iSm Miimii0^^k^m
(ôMmmmf a ^^rf^ sha?id5^ w3mh, aeeordteg fto
^6 Afab tradition, formed a part of the present car-

ried to King Sdoram by tlm Queen of Sheba firm
the aromatic regions of myrrh and frankincense.
Whei?0 incisions are made in its stem^ the far-famed
12 BALM OF MECCA.
Balm of MB<:m flows copiously, but the volatile oil

quickly evaporating, leaves a tasteless insipid gum.
Nursed by no periodical shower and by no hidden
spring, the precious plant, scorched by a withering
blast, derives its only moisture from the mists
which envelope th^ jaounMn-top, wh^ alt m Btm*
^Mn^ Mow*
the supply of water^ which is found only in the

fsShf of Aden, under the cliffs,
close at tM
openings of the fissures from the steppes afeiire^
Here, piercing to a great depth through the solid
rock, upwards of one hundred wells
are many ;
dilapidated and choked up, but others yielding an

^buntolt miifailnig supply, t>r ill Wh^^
wtef amnirer th#y it isê^t^^^fc^
^
to coB|e^toev AH nmt immh: me

more or less brackish; some are sensibly affected
by the tides, and very saline; whilst of those which
afford sweet water, one only is visibly acted upon by
some lower spring. It is excavated at the entrance
of a dark gorge rent by some violent convulsion in
the rugged bosom of Shemshdn, and the surface,
at samfele^^ itfiiTO^ dsitf icffei upon fymk

tiaB
morning till night for the of thou^^

The ahnost total absence of the vegetable king-
dom considered, it is not surprising that there
should exist also a palpable deficiency in the animal

creation. In perhaps no other quarter of the uni-
REMNANT QF THE TRIBE OF AD. 13
#tafangers. The pigeon, the fox, and the fittj Ifiyide
the sovereignty of the rocky cleft ; and the serrated

heights are held without a rival by a garrison of
monkeys. With these long-tailed occupants of the
tower-capped pinnacles are connected wondrous
superstitions, aped m ASm tradition, ^ta.at
'itoduô^ Bowtiiam ^wmSA Item
into the remnant of the oiJ^-fiCWig?^ tliife ^ M,
" a people great, and stifOWg, t^l/^ mi ê
believed to have been metamorphosed into apes, in
token of the displeasure of Heaven, when Shedddd,
" the king of the world," illustrious in the annals
of the East, impiously sought, in defiance of the
prophet Hud, to create unto himself a garden
which shaidd itvf^ £im <lê#M T'sOTilfise. Tie
Bostfei 4l Irem, witli ih g^geous palaces md
$hming do3ês, the sindlitud© wheteof had never
been constructed on the regions of the earth, is
said to be yet standing in the solitary deserts of

Aden, although miraculously concealed from mortal
ken. Within the silent walls of its lofty towers
did Abdallah ibn Aboo Kelaba pass his night of
PriMe df the
wottder during the reign of Mo&wiyeh,
I'ii^Mi Mid itisiiîkved by every good Moslem
Agent atAden, heard the same version repeated at Saana, the

capital of Yemen, which far-famed city he has been the first
Europeaii t^gife ^^ce tJie <rf Niefcuhr.
14 SILENT PALACE OF SHEDdId.
that this marvellous fabric of human skill and im-

piety, which finds a record in the sacred Kordn,
will endure until the Last Day, an imperishable,
but rarely revealed monument of Divine retri-
bution.
A UNiroEM system of architecture pervades the
houses of Aden, nearly all of which would appear
to have arisen out of the ruins of former more
extensive edifices, now buried 16^ |^^cw#it-itp?^60
of the m^mm^!^^ iâ. I'tee aa^€^d
zpaM Ttends of timber ; the walls thug traversed

being perforated m%h
pigeon-holm to serve as
windows, and surmounted by a low parapet con-
cealing the terraced roof. Many, occupied by the
more wealthy, have attained to a third story but ;
nearly all are destlttite (rf ommetil* Thh is now

r^M0t#^ to #f hmBkfM: fAdfe of th^ aultins of
Each robber chief upMl€ Ms $mt&i Wls^

Doing his evil will."
In the thick coating of cement with which the

shattered edifice is still partially encrusted, are the
remains of various raised devices ; and a profusion

of open fretwork in wood is still observable^ inter-
16 THE ADEN BAZAAB.
Spi^^d m$x latticed cormc6§, cojaapjisiDg choice
sentences from the Kordn.

The shops of Parsee and Mohanimadan merchants
abeady extend an assortment of European commo-
dities to the notice of the visiter ; and in a bazaar,
infested hke other fish-markets by a legion of cats,
^xp<ê)(i sharks and a wietg^ trf fymf
Mti^ festead of the limtoad^ mi ^%ml^t

of imgp <m$M^ towns ; and piles of fruity d*tjg%
and other abominations, present

dates,, itfi^âses,
the same amount of flies, and no abatement of the

compound of villanous smells, by which the booth
of the shrewd and avaricious Gentoo is so invariably
distinguished.
ipL tlte tfe ftsU cadjan wigwam # the
vktiiag a«pBet af the paiHteHe euc^mpm^t of ih^
nomade hordes. The tattered goat-hair a^vning of
the bare-footed pilgi*im to the shrine at EX Medina is
here ; and low crazy cabins of matting or yellow
reeds are so slenderly covered in with the leaves of
the palm as to form but a scanty shelter against the
intolerable heat and dmst oCCIi#fci:tted by periodical
Masts of the ^mj MiiajiL
iteiaag Im. iJmmial teiga, ttef jam hm uhcm
fietcely mmt ^îmit letater of Aden, aiiA
relentless shower of dust and pebbles has kept the
inhabitants within their rude dwellings. But M-
the declining rays east a lengthened shadow across
17
tli6 aariêi?" alleys, and tTb^ pciff% *J)^.ting in

m<iim<m^ swfe^êd Tb^^ a the
hitherto tOJ^fM population hM B^^te abroad.
That bronzed and sun-bOTnt viaage, surrounded by
long matted locks of raven hair — that slender, but
wiry and active frame — and that energetic gait
and manner, proclaim the untameable descendant
of Ishmael. He nimbly mounts the crupper of his
»0^4il4fejd0B 3*MLedary, aa4 at a %mt m<m^
the mtM^ my
back to the town of Itê^gti.
A ehacke^ k^ri^M î^dtuM Im lbmw% mdt k Ws^ ^$
dark bhie calico about his loins, comprise his slender
costume. His arms have been deposited outside
the Turkish wall, which stretches its barrier across
the isthmus from sea to sea, where flying parties of
the Foudthli still infest the plain ; and as he looks
back, his meagre êr^^sious aspect, flaafe|i by t^btt
The Arab has changed neither his character nor

his habits since the days of the patriarchs, and he
aflFords a standing evidence of the truth of the scrip-
tural prophecy. He regards with disdain and with
proud indifference every other portion of mankind,
for who can produce so ancient monuments of liberty
m M whd,
it im^ iM mT^: '^Mn^^ f
Mtmmm>^^^
1$ ife hmSt
^ d^mm^^^
Ms an-
cestors invaetod ? A branch torn by the priest
fmm1i^r0jîf^Me^^ having b^4liiM;f<i into
* A ttê 1)i6a]riBg ^ fiîl; like the Siberian cr^t^*
VOL. I. 0
18 HORDES OF ARABIA-
tk*oat of a ram which hm ^^ly the moment

i)ffe)i3ee Tbeen slaughtered in the name of God the one
omnipotent. Dripping with the crimson tide, the
emblem is solemnly delivered to the nearest war-
rior, who hies him forth with this his summons for
the gathering of the wild clans* I>Owftii^ -^#e
fmtamQ^ pour tlt^ oH- iim jmrng^ ^
mtrfed st%Bfig, ^ stem v^te1?a^~1^ât ai^^
sand m^tB^ On, on speeds the messenger with the
alarum of coming strife. Transferred from hand to
hand, it rests not in the grasp of any and in a few ;
brief hours, thousands of wild spirits, calling upon

Allah for victory, and thirsting for the blood of the
foe, have mustered af0uad the nnfujli^ îm^B. of
#eir prophet.
TfeaS it wa# #tM the nttna^m Mll-faria
strongholds studding the rich province of Assyr,
which boorders on the Holy Land of the Moslem,
last poured forth their hordes to meet the invader
of her fair plains, and the despoiler of her countless

flocks. Sixteen thousand warriors, composing one
of the most mdmi as êll as bravest of the Arab
tribes,
only mkh
^ mif^ Bpear spi Melicm, and,
the fetdly ctmBi^ atcfe i^riag tbe^ght
mm^
upon the camp of the 'toaiBittfif Bgfp&in,. md
slaughtering the êater nminb^%- Ibrahim
Pacha, with the wreck of his armyj to nmk safety in
precipitate flight to Hodeida.
In yonder fat and sensual money-changer from the
THE HmpOO GROCER. 19
p0Sfel?|fcy xtf^ Hagft^tr lii drowsy indolence, see him

em^^Pge from his treasures of ghee and groceries,
among which, scales in hand, he has been patiently
squatted since earliest dawn at the terrace of his
booth, registering his gains in the daily ledger. Not
one spark of animation is there. A dark slouch-
ing turban, said ample Md# of snowy drapery,
eitv^pe the sleek persom oftim i*alty Htedoa^ ^tii
Ms kthSiigfo motions render ifc dffitmlt to compre-
hend how he should have contrived to exile himself
from his native soil, and in such a forbidding spot,
even in pursuit of his idol, Mammon.
Ajan and Berbera, famous for their early connec-
tion with the Greek kings of Egypt, have both con-
tribiirted largely to tfee popTilatioii i&^rtiay^w throngs
the ftmt. The j^lija^ Sfttd jfeaftmm
of those Smmuli ^Ê%»ts ^cm tht oppo^te i^^
are at once selected from, tlt^ group, although some
have disguised their hair under a thick plaster of
quicklime, and others are rendered hideous by a wig
of fiery red curls ; whUst the dyed ringlets of a third
have faded to the complexion of a housemaid's
toOp^ •atll a fourth, forsooth^ m ^m^m
Imks^ Mm l^mii palldt m m^m.^ ill present a
to tfe^ |et Waek skitt axid l?Oo%
* B is the practice of tte Somftuli to sliaYe %q head whejt

thus insulted, and to make a ygv^ tlfcgli^tfce. %s&c shaEfflOirgtOIT
again until they hp-ve had their revenge,
C 2
20
fhe IMtk pwting lip whlelt jadorns that stalwart

Nubian, swaggering like a great bully by his side.
At the door of those cadjan cabins, which re-
semble higglers' crates, not less in size than in form
and appearance, groups of withered SomauK crones
are diligently weaving mats, baskets, ait3 fefiiB,
th0 iSfeliî^ laughing daughters,
yiwj, afei Mtm damsek^tb tte mt^m
|ttdte^ ilov^ their plaited lapses, present, on
their way up from the mmB: comeEest
specimens of the ebon race.
" Honesty," saith the Arab proverb, is found
only amongst poor fools." The Bedouin has for ages

been celebrated for his ingenuity and daring, and
th0 AMwt h
m§3SMg Ibelfited tte; parent
A ^tmmM tM^^f ^perhaps tie ^Gsijii^
Tmm w^ws^^ Bfe hmim to
mi away a pil^ i# tobacco so m to leave to the
merchant who reposed thereon, naught but the
effigy of his own figure and after entering through
:
the roof of a house, the burglar has taken his exit

through the door with chests of treasure, from the
top oll#tfol the sleeping proprietor has ten fet
Mitidy mlifc fe^j by a is^^ lowered 4%toiagli:
the ertee>> Bo^l^^ 1^ u®A t]te wotmii^ I
Muffled in a Spanish mantilla, see the spotlse of
the bigoted IsMm taking, the Mr upon the amgpisr
of a donkey, her fat face so scrupulously concealed,
that nothing of it is visible save two sloe black eyes
21
rmlf mi, iiiij^ ii. to tbe liOTiied. owl.

On the rude steips of jb©- clustering iabitations
*
that she has passed, surrounded by rosy-cheeked

urchins, are seated numerous dark-eyed and well-
dressed Jewesses. Rachel, although discreet, and
preserving the strictest decorum, is unveiled-
Weife it possible to prevail upon hê to Mvo
ir#e#ime %o daily abla^^% iaSm #^lke teMojiDt^
complexion would not hi^JmB fair than that of the

native of Southern Europe ; and in the well-chiselled
features and aquiline profile of the brunette, are
preserved all those marked peculiarities which in
every part of the world distinguish the scattered
daughters 0f IîL
The^^lii^ of the t£b^ #f Jn^î*^ 1^
regarded as the artisans and manufacturing

lation. Victims heretofore of the tyranny and
intolerant persecution which the infidel has ever to
expect at the hand of the true believer, they toiled
and accumulated, but feared lest a display of the
fiâlfe 0f ^liwH tlj© cupidity
hngkiem^ amd the itmxmA of 4 r£&ghi^

fallenand dispersed people, no longer exists here
in
poverty and oppression, insulted and despised as
they have always been in every part of the Eastern
world; but in uninterrupted security ply their
c 3
m DPHE TBIBE OJF JUDAH-
teetiom i^rfi^lf pmise ^tm 'fit^wMch have

hmn teligiously preserved from the UMp that their
prieiti bore aloft the ark of the covenant. Stone

slabs with Hebrew inscriptions mark the resting-
place of the departed ; schools witness the educa-
tion of the rising generation ; and men and women,
Ei^myed m tbeir l^cfiiay apparel, sit apart in the
synagogue, to listen 1^1 ^fefttt of sabbath
to the law wHoh 'MM 1^30. f^sd. mxm by w^y of
the wilderness of the Eed Sea" thefe-jfetheri went
up hameBied omt of the la©d of Eg^t/*
23
THE GIBRALTAR OP THE EAST*
Avirn^ Hstory and rairerses, presents the type

of uaany a mighty nation, —
it flourished and has
fallen. As it once stood, it was the maritime bul-

wark of Arabia Fehx. So early as the reign of
Constantine the Great, it was celebrated for its im-
pregnable i^rtiftl^ti^îS^. itB mfym^^ !t^t^tf mSi ih
iifeâj^W; piftet Bteij^ tit lapa^lt ^ tMM:0i^^M!tm
"W^t^ Mm 'n^flMi :a 5piêi6us cargo <if .^^trnmiim^
Here commerce first dawned and lit'fl^: inore than
;
two centuries and a half have rolled away since the

decayed city ranked among the most opulent em-
poria of the East. Its decline is only dated from
the close of the illustrious reign of Suleiman the
Magnificent ; but the ^xd^ Jt^s giiac^ ^ ^^^m^^lmx
i?mb4E th^ impisd^ paliiaî. oirl hm sitod
îtoiSlnîa^mi the iritteih-*^^
In the eyes of the true believer, the Cape is hal-
lowed by the tradition that it was honoured with
the preaching in person of that arch impostor, the
last of all the prophets,'* who, with the sword in
one hand and the K^dtM m the other, became the
lm0.wm M tM Jui^Mans, and ih$ iîm^m df m
0 4
empire which in than a century had spread
less
itself from the Pyrenees to the Indus. Three hun-

dred and sixty mosques once reared their proud
heads, and eighty thousand inhabitants poured into
mt^tliJ^r for thê Mj^la^^s ictf/its i#aiL^t% its fet*-
tility Wisp9#mg riches, became an independent

kingdom at the period that Constantinople fell into
the hands of Mahomet the Second. Aden frequently
cast off its allegiance ; and when the Turks, by
means of their fleet built at Suez, rendered them-
selym imî^ ^ mi^m^ tâst # 1^ Sea,
they fcftiaE the peaSijE^k mdepeii^mt,. ttafl^n
glii;^ ifor supremacy ill ite East, h^tlj contested

its possession; but, being unable longer to maintain
their rivalry, it fixtally reverted into the grasp of its
ancient masters.
Great natural strength, improved by the sub-
' stam^âl felS^^HB which had been oamed by
iotofei BSIm cJompMely round the t$ IMk mm
sail retreats fi^ |îratical hordes of the desert;
and the lawless sons of Ishmael, scouring the adja-
cent waters, loaded their stronghold with booty.
But after the loss of government, Aden could not
be expected to retain its opulence. Its trade passed
j^j^t 0f 3|0oha^ a^d grinding oppres-
%m mm^ the tm^t^ i£ ih» wM<%*^ M the
RELICS OF THE PAST.
pÔ^jl^ lfche^^ British occupation, ninety ^lapidated

Iioxises, giving shelter to six hundred impoverished
souls, were all that remained to attest its ancient
glories. The town lay spread out in ruin and deso-
lation, and heaps of stone, mingled with bricks and
rubbish, sternly pointed to the grave of the mosque
and tall Tpmm^
Few t^B0ixmiB now mM^'fe^ 0tybi^^ ^mu^^M
m^md the higlx mtate 4f lb& i^fipxiimt m^m-
polls, or reveal the magnificence it could formerly
boast in works of public utility. The chief build-
ings are beheved to have been situated ten miles
inland, and to have been swallowed up by the ever
rising, never ebbing, tide of the desert. The red
imm^^ tfmsS^ el HoiTliJbi,. wli^<je it stretcher to

Mr Omheit, upwards of e^t' wSim,, W(m<m » How
dilapidated bridge, -Keapg are numerous wellSj
which suppUed the reservoirs ;
but, " like the base-
less fabric of a vision," every vestige of an edifice
has vanished.
Ainong thf most perfect conspicuous relics of
the past
to insure to
^ m Mmmm
<|h^
arid
mi> cofif 1143^*1^.
and teâfi% e e&ailJe, it fim*
ti&tl In addition to the wells,
supply of water.
three hundred in number, the iâins pf feapat of
great magnitude are found in various directions;
and in the Valley of Tanks are a succession of
hanging cisterns, formed by excavations in the
limestone rock* These Knet yMk flighfes of
2r$ MOSQUE OF SHEIKH HYDROOS.
ateps, and amfp?ted by lofty bBtb?es$es of im-

perishable masonry, forming deep reservoirs of semi-
elliptical form, which stUl blockade every channel
in the mountain side, and once served to collect the
precious drops from heaven, when showers doubt-
l^ fiKiaai^fa 1^^^ thaa at the ^TemM Mj.
In the mimdm m^c^^^m fm the tcNp^
of Aden. Many t>f the countless tombs in the

Turkish cemetery were of white marble, and bore
on jasper tablets elaborately-sculptured inscriptions
surmounted by the cap and turban but the greater ;
number of these pillared monuments have either dis-

agp^tÂ îr'bt!^ ^^hrown. 0f .fha iîviSeiices
M<>hamiTO3i£^^ graciA ifcîitjv JJêarty all
Ji^ biMedfrom j%MJI)0tt€irtIt jb^t^^ aoditmi^fet^
rubbish and debris, th0 raaa^?^ of porticsat
which has disclosed many curious coins of renftefe
date. The minaret of MenAleh, and a tottering
octagon of red brick, attached to the Jama el Musjid,
lone survivors of the wreck, still point to the sky
Mi <ot tfe^ m^?S|iiie^^ have feefen ^p^d by
the destroying hand # the principal if tJia* of
which, invested with a pall of cmi|t^|L ^3^^

enshrined in the odour of sanctity, repose the vene^
rated remains of Sheikh Hydroos.
An excellent zigzagged road, imperfectly paved,
and raised in parts to the height of twenty feet,
extends Irom th^f baae to the summit of Jebel
KEY TO ARABIA AND ABYSSDJlA. %t
Shemshdn, and, with some few of iê digointed

watch tower^ 1ms defied the ravages dt ^turies.
Three enormous pieces of brass ordnance, pierced
for a sixty-eight pound shot, and covered with
Turkish inscriptions, were the chief symbols of the
former strength of this eastern Gibraltar. These
wi*e trm^l^$^ to Ei»^md| iyJ3^ their capture,
oifei-ed to her flag, and wt$athed ife-fest laurels

ftrocm4 thalawof her youthful Queen.
In general aspect the Cape is not dissimilar from
the volcanic islands in the Grecian Archipelago,
and viewed from a distance it appears separated
altogether from the mainland. The long dead flat
of âaad % irhicJi il M mKiM^Si'^^l^ Ai*Maa3t
^bt»?^^,J^h ^wat€îf -^rkj induces the belief that the
p^0ijp^tf^tf W mi its first production in early

ages have been insulated. According to the
evidence of the present generation the sea is still
receding,and the sand steadily accumulating, but

the n^M^ yr^^M bay will te îfepfedJoi* m^nj
mx^W^mK l!hotigliJhie glory ot ABm may have fled,
and hm ôpanie^^ %m>mB MMlf ^m0^MA^ her
ports will Im^g T^tfw m itjature fomed them,
excellent, capacious, and secure.
Important commercial advantages cannot fail to
accrue from the occupation of so secure an entrepot,
which at any season of the year may be entered and
qtdtt^ with equal facility. 'SM r#a;<le0t" Is
28 COMMERCIAL PROMISE.
afforded to the rich provinces of Hadramaut and

Yemen, famous for their coffee, their frankincense,
and the variety of their gums, and abounding in
honey and wax, of a quality which may vie with
the produce of the Wfm of the Medii^rrm^mh A
Bfi^jpt & @1b0 âiefeeiiÊed ^ the llfiiEês at-
tîSiiig î^mmunication with the African coast,
m&&t of B&h
Ma^^^b, where thie high mountain
el
ranges bordering upon the shore are clothed with

trees producing myrrh, frankincense, and precious
gums, whilst the valleys in the interior pour forth
for export, sheep, ghee, drugs, dry hides, gold dust,
•eiyet, ivory, rhinoaeaPOB horns, peltries, and o^Miii
f€iaf^0r% bisidies eh^mf
c^fee of l33ag A
wide field is opeia mei^qaa^ ttfl ife
is not a little pleasant to contemplate the approach-

ing improvement of Christian Abyssinia, and the
civilisation of portions of Africa even more be-
nighted and remote, through the medium of inter-
course with British Arabia.
lJndm%h^M$0fWi England, Adî^ enjoyed
mipmm^&i even in tht iclays of her greatest gloiy,
when ranked among the foremost of coiai*
she
mercial marts in the East, and when vessels from
all the known
quarters of the globe thronged her
boasted roadstead. Emigrants from the interior
m i^M M the e^teyior of Hadramaut and
ifeoitt
Yiefe&% iitt| j^^ of Bed 069,, $m

ADEN AS A FEEE POET. 29
itOin grinding oppression, and to free themselves

from the galling burthen beneath which they have
long groaned at the hand of insatiate native des-
pots. The amazing increase of population and the
crowded state of the bazaars form subject for high
Ittei3?i#a., Im the short space of three years Ifife
census Im him augmented to tw^îgr -^mtmî
souls; auTbstanlial dw^feHtogs are Bjîngfaa^g up in
every directionj and at all the adjacent ports, hun-
dreds of native merchants do bp^fe âwait the erection
of permanent fortifications in earnest of intention
to remain, to flock under the guns with their
families and wealth. Emerging thus rapidly from
fuifi m$. ii0^s^%litmt th^ tide of lucrs^tive eom-
toespe% "b^tfe Ifeîa ^riaa and Arabia, may be txm-
to revert to its foiafter ânîd:.
Bie^§e^tby a mUd but firm, government, the decayed
mart, rescued from Arab tyranny and misrule, will
doubtless shortly attain a pinnacle far eclipsing
even its ancient opulence and renown ; and Aden,
as a free port, whilst she pours wealth into a now
ijia^^M^dland, mmi ere long become the queeu
of lê ^^sfe^^ Bess> mmmg #e
most useful ilîîenôi^ of #;e Jlrftklx eri)im.
VOYAGE ACROSS THE GULF Ol* ABÂBIA*
Eight bells were " making it twelira oôlock " on the

16th. of May, when the boatswain piped all hands
on deck to weigh the anchor, and within a few

minutes the Honourable Company's Brig-of-war
Euphrates,'' having the Embassy on board, and
commanded by oii# #f its W
sel hgfe wliitO
sailsj aad|. f&lc^TOii % large HBtim
fr©%|ited ^th horsesm& fc^ggag^ ^totî mmm
the Arabian Gulf. A favourable breeze pressed
steadily through the yielding bosom of the
ocean. The salt spray flew under her gallant
bows; and as the hospitable cadjan roofs on Steamer
Point, first in order, and then the jagged pinnacles
forming the spider skeleton of Aden, sank gra-
mUtii^t ilPidividu4l iJff the party dttitt64
|0 ^rm^ ifi^ê mteaoira mid# M JEti%||a, t«j#

the .p%pm's vow that the ramf: %k0^ m
mote over his beard, -until his foot had itg^ gpi^te^
on civilised shores — an event not unreasonably
conjectured to be far distant for all, and for some
destined never to be realised.
* Lieutenant Barker, Indian Naty.

THE AFBICAN COAST. SI
of Ras Bir on the African coast became visible

during the forenoon of the following dayj and
before evening, notwithstanding a delay of some
hours, caused by an accident to the mainyard of
one of the tenders, which obliged her to be taken
in tow, the brig was passing a group of eight coral
the ^4 The t%mîi^ of the fe^ Im^nf^p^fe^

compainy during the night, were mm peiêeived
standing directly for Mushahh, the nearest of these
islets, situated at the mouth of the Gulf of Tajiira,
and divided from the Dandkil coast by a fathomless
channel of seven miles. An iron messenger despatch-
eft t0 bring the convoy to, ricoch^t^d ©verthe Hiia
we^Wj ;Mî% tip ^ tiidkite spray at^mreiy

teitoî ^nd b^<ji?e the smîê gmn k^Sm^S.
the bulwarks, a bald pate protruded between the
rigging, was followed by the swarthy person of Aboo
Bekr, of the Somauh tribe Aboo Salaam, and com-
monly styled Durdbili, or " the Liar," Nakhuda of
a small trading craft which had been employed as a
piteb0^ %i4îgj|te te^sent trigQnoinet|iaaa-j$ttmy
of the coastj hgrwM WÎMo^ to tfe^ ofii^^ of the
" Euphrates,'* and was ascertained to be at this
moment charged with despatehes for Aden, wMch^
whether important or otherwise, had been during
three days lying safely at anchor off the island, to
admit of enhanced profits by the collection of a
cargo of wood.
32 ABOO BEKB DUiUjBIH,
as soon as his foot had touched the Îti^ j'^^ Bipada

lillah! Praise be unto God! it is you, after all.
When I saw those two crazy tubs in your van, I

believed that it could not be my old ship, although
itloomed so vastly like her; but the moment you
took in your studding-sails to let AboaBl&f^^(5M5
alongside, I knew it Mtt^ ^BMkLM^
layf how ^Bimh^miMt &al*h ?"
The wdbtmi@ mdbm ym
fbi^thwith accommo-
Îteflsîth a chair on the poop; into which having
squeezed himself with difficulty, he drew up his
knees to his scanty beard, inserted a cigar into his
mouth as a quid, and. sipping tea like a finished
washerwoman, instituted a train of inquiries relative
to the position of ^filijj^ m
-^m %tiim\ fOBum^m^^
*^ âttttot^ wiim#woi3^My
fayy% Stoyidfe, .lie
satisfied that Gape Aden was not again in the hands
of the Arabs. " Marhdbba, it is well. All, too, is
as it should be at Tajiira. Misunderstandings are

adjusted, and the avaricious chieftains have at last,
the Lord be praised ! got all the dirt out of their

bellies. Their palms have been judiciotisly ticHed,
mdi it only now i^mufcs tQ be mm irJi€îker ik^
<iM m fiilly as fond <^mmf^
i^m0Ammôthh^^^ rival, Mo^mmadAIl^m
to have the honour of forwarding the English to
King Sdloo. My boy has just returned from Hd-
besh, and shall escort yqu. Abroo has been twice
in Bombay, as you know, Capitan. You have only
to teE me if he should misbehave, and 1*11 trounce
the young scamp ao^dly.*'
plored treasures of the vast continent of Africa,

had been rapidly emerging from obscurity, and the
brown forbidding bluflf, styled Ras Dukhdn, the
smoking promontory," in height about five or six
hundred feet, was now on the starboard quarter; its
abrupt summit, a^^ iTOal, suimouirtjg^.l^ a coronet
jfeee|^ #»ji|8^j^'f^^ mi ife^m iie tker-
if
"ttmi wc^fll m its l^m^^ I3m Gb^ im jfeoW&lf ifeivêd
its appellation. The brig was ÎtesSy standing up

the bay of Taj lira ; but darkness overtaking her,^ it
was resolved to lay to until daybreak ; and a gun

fired in intimation of approach was presently
answered by a display of rockets and blue Ughts
from the Honoumble Company's tctio^^t ^^0mh
st^jice,'* aiding at mmkot In îipib^pjp*
Tkis^: AmW &y aWm to t&e tii the

compass ; itM Aiocr Bcrkr^ who believed himself in
tEîth a second Anson, was provided Irith one, which
must certainly have been the first ever constructed.

Age having impaired the dilapidated needle, it was
forced off its pivot by a quantity of pepper-corns,
which are here considered highly efficacious in the
Ti^^$Mm of 3e^^jM im0ii^ pmmB. From the
iiatw# ii^vig#dps ito the IWto i^mm bor* MW
rowed a primitive nmti<^ instrument for detemin-
ing the latitude; nor was he a little vaixL of Ms
ia iiie?^0jjti*e of a* ytoe t>f ifood; m Bim fffit slt^p
and the distance from each knot was so regulated

that the subtended angle should equal the altitude of
the polar star at some frequented point on the coast.
The knot having been placed between the teeth,
and the lower margin of the plane brought in op-

tical contact with the horizon, the position of
Polaris must be observed with reftaraictito the upper
ît^^ if It fc^ $l^v% the desired hmm %
it
fcttowft t0 tlie^tijStew^ betowj fo* t&e
northward, and the cour$îS shaped accordingly.
I'll take you in this very night, Capitan Bdshi,
if you so please," resumed the pilot, whose packet
had by this time escaped his recollection altogether.
" Only give me the order, and, praise be unto Allah
th0t^ U m^tk$ #lri JB$fcr cannot do. My

head^ m you sea, is WtSv I may perhaps b^ a
#H4ookfeg m% htjdt ttotll am m
shore, and my new wig it "bmA i 'JXk^flMl^l I
look like a child of five yeairs ^ffloag ttte yoîfigeSt
of them."
'*Now if we had but Long Ali of Zeyla on
board," continued the old man, whose merry tongue
1mm im tmi *^
if "we had only Two-fathom Ali
lier^, yott *ouia! tmisM M these <^^lieSi
noMttg else to do hut to hmd It otm hx iJi,

h^mlis lo^ 'it Md SIS eight feet ivi&0i3t1i
any ad^* 1 wint mce upon «t tiuae ift tibsg l0
grope for it Tm^§i m feoaM Ms Bfi^galiwi
stumbling over some one's toes, inquir^ to whose
legs they bdoaaged ;
'
All's/ was the reply. '
And
whose knees are these?' said I, after walking half
across the deck; *
All's.' 'And this head in the
scuppers, pray whose is it ?' '
Ali's to be sure,'
growled a sleepy voice ;

'
what do you want with
itr *BilMiMi^ AH agaiaPt^mSmî ^^lm-
not a Btule dfelte-Ht, im ^0 iTi^lg^ a broad expanse

of blue water, over which a gossamer-like fleet of
fishing catamarans already plied their busy craft.
The tales of the dreary Tehdma, of the suffocat-

ing Shimdl, and of the desolate plains of the blood-
Mmmi^ îJiM mmf m^h hmt^
fulfilling' feea^ in design, and t>f
adding one Mte to the amelioration of A&io's swart

sons.
Those who are conversant with Burchell's ad-
mirable illustration of an encampment of Cape
farmers, with thelT gigantic waggons scattered
5ab®lt in picturesque confu^tmi w31<Ib^t mil<&rs$and
ll^t ttaw-^resented itself on the sea beach.

ceeding two Jiundred in number, and rudely #on-
0 t
M
Stetiêd «f naE^^ lllaber, arranged in
iL paraitplie^â^^^ ymmmi M mitk^ i^ tmM^^
and collectively sheltered sdme twelTe hundred

iiiiiabitants. The bold gr^^j3at^ja:tttaiti^, Ifee a dr^
scene, limited the landscape, and, rising tier above
tier, through coral limestone and basaltic trap, to the
majestic Jebel Goodah, towering five thousand feet
above the ocean, were enveloped in dirty red clouds,
ifrMdh the aspect of la. morning in
around which numerous Bedotdn feiati^l^ were

drawing their daily supply of the ptsiôus fluid.
These relieved the humble terraced mosque of white-
washed madrepore, whence the voice of the muezzin
summoned the true beUever to matin prayer and ;
$, mikannij a dwarf species of mimosa

•withlimif€33!^ tops, fringing the sandy shore,
oompltiedl % ^^jsm^ mmm^ to tlie- ^î^ng
Wwk^ <rf hm^-W^ which fort% llit
lsLYSi
raltar whereupon the eye had last rested.

As
the ship sailed into the harbour, the appear-
ance of a large shark in her wake caused the tongue
of the pilot again to " break adrift." A certain
friend q£xmm" said he, "Ndkhuda of a craft almost
its îmiM^ US my own, whiish is ^nowledged to
Tm the fees* ii^^têaaiS^yWi^ ooi ugon a tjto^ b^tttea
from 1^1^ i^«fi: cmM0 îm^,
mm off Jebel j^n, the high t^bWkad betwixS-tfefe
AMOo mm'$ t.Am yaw. 37
times ^ Bwrn' M ttini Mlowv w^m^.

eaMi-ss, leaviiag; #lLe of the hinder leg$ p?otriidiiig
&e
from his jaws and before he had time to think

;
where he was to find stowage for it, up came a

second tremendous monster, and bolted his mess-
mate, camel, leg, and all."
Ill m^tmi f^f liils aue^dtote, old man, mm-
tha iîm?^ wMB%.fm^tmM m&^ng mmw^^d ti

either but the tail nitdi- bit of the flue. "How
could t}m% he?' h^ fttOi^Heii seriously, after turning
the business over in his mind. Now, Capitan
Bdshi, you are spinning yarns, but, by AUah, the
story I have told you is as true as the holy Kordn,
and if you don't choose to beEeve me, there me a
&m^^ '^$mmB=W'w^mMm€ wm^îtj mm m Ts*
|iif% who ar<^ ife&dy to tmmh mmG$p,m$^^ %
CHAP. TI.
CAST ANGHOK AT TAJT^BA ON THE AFKICAN COAST.
hhmfm'iîio^t^^ now paddled alonîde

va n. ffdl ^ml AmMUg m Ms ^m^d
apd har#^*^^t the end of a rope thrown l^j^lJie
doting uncle, he was on board in another instant*

During a former cruize of the " Euphrates," this
imp had contrived to pass on the purser a basket
of half-hatched eggs, which he warranted " new
laid," but with which he was subsequently pelted
0f& liie gangway. 0n feeing greelii^ m ^^S^b

had BOllirdul^^'IfeM^^^
archly, he dragged forward by the topknot a dtdl^
Sttipid, little wretch — his —
messmate whose h^gtVj
features formed the exact reverse of his own impu-
dent animation. "Here," he exclaimed, "is the iden-
ticalyoung rascal of whom I told you I bought them
he actually stole the whole from under his mother's
hen, and then assured W0 iTsM they yrmm fresh/*
Why don*t you grow wtfi #
^m^mP' m
m^0mA ^ pi%
of t^xe sea imd imposed
witoai ihM
^^lis now
^mmkm^M,
twelve months
J
SHEIKH AU SHEBMAbkI. 39
dwicrf as ever." " Mow-m^ my om tMve

^sm^" "was the prompt reply ;
" were I to eat
as immoderately as you do, I doubt not I should
soon grow as corpulent."
But the arrival of Ali Shermdrki shortly changed
this desultory conversation to weightier matters.
This worthy oM «^ ^ ^Sm BoimM
std^^^^n among the entire Dan^lil ^puktio^ of
the coast, had been invited from Zeyla, his Ug^^l
place of residence, to assist in the extensive pre-
parations making for the journey of the Embassy
and he now represented the requisite number of
camels to be on their way down from the mountains,
if the assurances of the owners, upon whoê w-ord
b#OT6d.
Loag MthfuUy attached to the Britkh. go^^m-
ment, the sheikh's first introduction arose out of a
catastrophe which occurred many years ago — the
loss of the merchant brig " Mary Anne " at Ber-
bera, a sea-port on the Somauli coast, lying iimne-
diately opposite to the peninsula o€ Aden. l)€êrted"
ttmt Ootoli^ iStt Ib-rch, it l^cômes, thromgliottt
freqti^cited by from the Arabian shines, It^

ships
rapacious BmimB- ima India, and by caravans
of wandering savages from all parts of the interior
^ ^ vast temporary city or encampment, populated
D 4
40 FAIR OF BERBER A.
^^mt ikv^^ma fifty thousand souls, springing

into existence as if by the magic aid of Aladdin's
lamp, and disappearing so suddenly, that within a
single week, not one inhabitant is to be seen. Yet
another six months, and the purse-proud merchant
of jQjuaûîs again there, ^th Ms drove-of -comely
nhtm newly e^ôvl^ ftm&^tk^ highlands Abys-
ninm. Thm^ tod; ^- tie pagan, displaying
coflfee, and precious gums from beyond
peltries,
Gurdgue; and, punctual as ever, see the kdfilah from

the distant gurriahs of Amin and Ogdden, a nomade
band, laden with ivory and ostrich plumes, and
stained from head to foot, both in person and in
garment, by the im|)Bij)ik|SIe du^ ite&V)gmed
during i%^ lmg march from ibie $atti3iw»^
Reli^âs pieûdio^ oii the part of the
Hindoo precluding all traffic in live stock, the
Somauli shepherd retains in his own hand the sale
of his black-headed flocks; embarked with which in
his frail bark of fifty tons, he stands boldly across the
gulf, at seasons when the Arab fears even to creep
along the coast of the Hejdz. All other trade,
h^^m^r h engrossed bj the .m^>t% Bi^^
bemâsufed}aixdh%iaa^^
silently and unobserved,^ the Woi?l6iititSr|*^fe^
ing from the riches annually poured out from the

hidden regions of Africa. No form of government
regulates the ccmmerce j and, in the absence of
HiTODEBr Oir THE BlLHJ MM^ Mm.'' 41
imposts, barter ^flimiEîiBi. Sofely ihrotigli ili^

meaiwat^rf ^^mbwn te>ier BfefW Al:^!^^ "î^
oei^g a tegulated per-centage upon purcliaiimimiL
sales, is bound, at the risk of Ms owii lif% to ^ro«
tect his constituent from injury or outrage.
A vessel standing towards the coast proves a signal
to all who gain their livelihood by this system, to
swim off, and contest first arrival on board ; the
mttoer of %0 aquatic wm, in Bm&t&sm^
aneieiit usage, bîng invariably red^yied M
MMm. Thm i* "wm tlmt Ali SjfeiaiitM' b^m^
agent to the Mary Anne," a smjM English ittef-
chantman from Mauritius, whosa ^^ptain, impru-
dently landing with the greater portion of his
crew, afforded to a party of knavish Somauli an
opportunity to cut the cable, when she drifted on
shore and was lost. Hoping by his influence to
pipep?i^^ Upon the plunl^jei^ to desist, the AbAHy
^n fmm^ imiXf e^CTted MWiJ^felf iJO
•mBi^f %W b^ repulsed by a showet of spears,

and was swamped. A savage rabble next
his boat
beleaguered his dwelling, and imperiously demanded
the persons of the officers and crew, in order to
put them to death; but, true to his charge, Ali
Shermdrki stoutly resisted, and being severely
woiiBded, sueoêded •witii Im Mmi ia samidftg
B0O<3^tttable teriuBj m& piê^ving the
& had WsmM t^pm^h. IBk
^^lom istfegritf wa$ dtdy mâi*3?d by the British
iSôTetjatamtâîdu^woafdî^^ pifesented in token of
42
Ms gallaiitry, #^ h0Bm% ##isg

of ^vMok led to miration of the foregoing
iktoxy*
The passage from Aden had been made in forty^-
two hours. As the cable of the " Euphrates " ran
through the hawse-holes, and the rest of the
squadron fell into their places betwixt herself and
the shore, she fired a salute of five guns; and,
Bitm cm^Mm^ delay, a negro '^^vmw^
tiBoidly B&msxmng with ^: IfBesd hrmdi tmm
aâaong: a fcjiot of ^gr^f#âgdfe^ .Seatal.
aeej) oontoBation bene&& tlif siânty foliage of an

ancient date tree. A superaimitoted 4 Pr., honey-
combed throughout its calibre, and mounted upon
a rickety ship carriage, tottered on the beach
the sole piece of ordnance possessed by Sultdn Mo-
hammad Mohammad, reputed ruler of all the
ibn
Racial, Miles* lit was, after inwh eâxing, pe^^
Bijaftî *# i^^fMe in to tJj^ eom^Hmiat
attd fe^ aoine mtet^ imrfeaths of^Mte
sittoke continued to aSiSôd from the chimney-like
vent, as though the venerable engine had taken
fire, and was being consumed internally.
The commander of the " Euphrates,^' whose naval
functions were now temporarily suspended, having
long enjoyed the honour of a personal acquaintance
mbh the ^poimt^m Be^pBg tfe^ ^We pompous a^d
^^-$otiisd&^ aîMii t& the pa-
lace, wMch <50^s!ttr<>f Ih^^ ]^ of the ill-
staj?iêd "MaryAnne/' tastily erected Jêeliigperalo
SEA 0^ mm TWO mmms'' 43
Li&tte^ of iaôÊi^m fmm i3m f0%ikmilm^^^î^B^

at Aden, with many complimentary speeches, duly
delivered, permission to land was ôlidtedj aiid al«
though the formidable array of shipping, whose guns,
not two hundred yards distant, sullenly overlooked
the royal lodge, had given birth to certain misgiv-
ings, the Stdtdn finally overcame his fears, and
acqtates^d iii %)m aa?sangemeiat. A sjpot M
land, forming a mimbm nmt mo«f04i- m^:
pointed out a^^tht MM to e5tit5fto|i, %mt
the favour was granted with IMB; express understand-
ing, that the British Embassy should tarry in so
enviable a situation, not one moment longer than
the exigencies of the service imperatively demanded;
a saving clause in the stipulation to which all parties
heartily subscribed*
ni^m^^ of the two nymphs,'' is a deep

tiarrow e$tMATf^ bounded by a bold coast, and
extending, in a south-westerly direction, about
forty-five miles, when the Eesah and Dandkil shores
suddenly converge so as to form a straitened chan-
nel, which impîae^ tfe& <rf Itour-glass.
Barely three quaffeis of ir tM^ m^c^f dli^

U di\ai(gt by a tetm rodky islet styl©i *^ B|;bf^
^îhe door,'' as occupjdng the gateway to the inner

bay of Q6obut el Kharab, ^'
the basin of foulness."
!Fhe voftices formed by the strong tide setting
44 a003UT EL KHArAb.
ttetaijgh ia^sse isQ^fini^ agîm^ ia^

dangerous aiêet ; ^W^mgh tSie water in the
bowl, whereof the longer axis measures twelve, and
the shorter five miles, is so intensely salt as to create
a smarting of the skin during immersion, mud ad-
hering to the lead at one hundred fathoms, is per-
fectly fweet and fresh. Of four islets, two are rocks
h0ight^ Mtig^ iiife3flf

cmsted wit^t ^-cili: #iid vegetable matter, whilst the
sides of its nearest ii^Jghbour, Hood Ali, haaê,
and present unequivocal traces of more recent

volcanic action th?in are to be found in the sur-
rounding debris.
Immediately outside the bay, on the Dandldl
coastj there issues {mm the wmk^ Jh^bW high water
B:tt<^ *B^pi5ng wlil^l% at the idodil#, ;ii;<?0^
bttt dto¥i% i?he m m wtmMf hio^
that a i^rab h instantly destmyed 4iid>tai!ned red
by immersion. At the western extremity of
Goobut Khardb, a cove three hundred yards in
el
diameter, with sixteen fathoms water, is enclosed

by precipitous volcanic cliffs, and the entrance
barred by a narrow cornl reef, which, at low tide,
lies high and dry. In the lTaito c^StMs^^^s ^
pspt^tsil-one of thesf îfmgB
Mm l?e MtiSitetori% m
ebbing, there an undertor tottog' et^^ &e
is
flood tide ; and usually glassy smooth, they become

occasionally agitated by sudden ebullition^ boiling
MIRSA GOOD ALL 45
up in whirlpools, which pour impetuously over the

bar; whence the natives, persuaded that there
exists a subterranean passage connected with the
great Salt Lake, of which the sparkling expanse is
visible from an intervening high belt of decomposing

lava, term the cove " Mirsa good Ali," "the source
of the sea."
m
CHAR VIL
EECEPTION OF THE EMBASSY BY THE SULTAN OF THE
SEA-PORT, AND RETURN VISIT TO HIS HIGHNESS.
jiirahad been honoured since its foundation, raised

its head on the afternoon of the 18th of May; when
the Embassy, accompanied by the oflS.cers of both

ships of war in the harbour, landed under a salute
of seventeen guns from the "Euphrates*," and in a
spacious crimson pavilion, eteeted m a* hvSX of
audience, rfeeaîd a 'Vîfe tjeremony 'Stmt
StiMa liii 1^4^ Airaici^ u%iim^^
olgect can scarcely conceived than was presfetttii
in the imbecile, attenuated,and ghastly form of
this most meagre potentate, who, as he tottered
into the marquee, supported by a long witch-like
wand, tendered his hideous bony claws to each of
tii0 party in succession, witfc all ilm repulsive cold-
im^ itei* ^WmkM ilnfei IwM.
6^ <pim^^ M$ ^0tît frame was env#«p0^ m

a coarse cotton mantle, which, with a blue checked
wrapper about his loip.g, aîi m
aflifle turban
SULTiJSf MOHAMMAD im MOHAMMAD. 47
was adtrifejlHy in keeping with tlie harmony of

dirt that pervaded the attire of his privy council
and attendants. Projecting triangles of leather

graced the toes of his rude sandals ; a huge quarto
Kor^n, slung over his bent shoulder, rested beneath
the left arm, on the hilt of a brass-mounted creese,
wMehi WH;^ gir^©! to right side; and his
with nayifeia amulets and most potent chariia;!^ 42?^-
tracted from the sacred book. Enfeebled by years,

his deeply-furrowed countenance, bearing an ebony
pohsh, was fringed by a straggling white beard,
and it needed not the science of Lavater to detect,
in th^ iadifferOTce of Im Ml Jfeafen eye, and the
jûdbmS €X))?»rr<rf life tha lines of
His Hjghness's haggard form was supported by

the chief ministers of Church and State Abdool —
Kahmdn Sowdhil, the judge, civil, criminal, and
ecclesiastic, and Hdmed Bunaito, the pursy Wazir,
whose bodily circumference was in strict unison
y0k the pomposity of Mm <mrm$î
SteaMm, too, ocotqffeA % pt^D&ieM seat in i&e
upper ranks —
a wealthy- -^lave merchant, whose
frightful deformities have ennobled him with the
title of " Ashrem," which being interpreted signi-
fies, " he of the hare-lip." This trio alone, of aU the
unwashed retinue, showed turbaned heads, every

VOL. I. ^'
p, 8
48 THE ELDERS AND PRIVY COUNCIL.
lesser satellitewearing either a natural or artificiai

fiin-l>0ttomed peruke, graced with a yellow wooden
skewer, something after the model of a salad fork^
stuck erect in hair well stiffened with a goodly ac-
cumulation of sheep's-tail fat, the rancid odour
whereof was far from enhancing the agremmt of
tht interview* l^Wk mi> Hajji Kdsim^ t«:diei*
their patriarchal bearing and gc^^ctty presence

affording no bad imitation of the scriptural illus-
trationsby the old masters of the apostles St. Peter

and St. Paul. True to his word, the wag Aboo
Bekr, as full of pleasantries as ever, had donned
a prepo^to)M# fewny wig, quaintly niamfe^ttred
oC tht J]^^ ^
^ sheep ? and m
siieiSAijag,
relief to the scowling satanic glances of the Ul-

favoured rabble, dripping with tallow^ and redolent
of abominable smeUs, who crowded the tent to the
choking of every doorway.
It having heretofore been the invariable maxim
of tlfeB- W&M ito- a Tisit.^&om the stranger
1)6jS(^ #0]yfe^sge^ pay oiiia teaêli^ %m de-
p^tttti^ fymi establiêd- in Mm^m^ i£ iTm
liege su|gi&efe of Her Britannic Majesty c05^ tij&b
faU to prove eminently gr^tiiîiig^ Oompliments.

of the most fulsome nature were bandied about
with compound interest, as the coffee-cup passed
round to the more distinguished of the Dandldl
49
were lavished by thitâiij^toîiles, in graleftil^liO*-

ledgtteitt tiêreof, 6îdbeMi?e :Sfr^J% m^.
enibroidered scarfs of ess^îalîfei^^ were
liberally distributed, and g^ê^ffly tucked under
the dirty cloth of the avaricious recipients and ;
although, ill accordance with the unpolished custom

of the country, no sort of salutation was offered
when the conference broke up, the filthy guests de-
^Ttoei^vi3lle 111 mm ^% ikm^^^ m

Widi^y iiflSe^ât wi(»s life jjdt(»)d of the son of Ali
AM, tM^ci the Rookhba, as he rushed into the
pavilion on the exit of his rival, the hereditary
Sultdn of the Dandkil. . Lucifer, when gazing forth
upon the newly created Paradise, and plotting the
downfall of the sinless inmates of the garden of
Eden, IcKiked not half so fiend-like as Mohaxomswl
All, ifMMy %TimB^ng wttk l^^foit^ *ri4 ^
detftaiiiiad the reeSon of haTOig Bern m^nl&gly
omitted in the distribution of valuables? "Ami
then a dog,'^ he continued, in the highest indigna-
tion, and not worth the trouble of propitiating ?
whereas that old dotard yonder is to have his
empty skull bound with rich shawls from India,
and his powerless relatives decorated frtaix lagad to
fym^ &MUah, we see mon wh#hef the
rjMiIti- # S^^-beach, or tilt SOU M AK AM)
hmp^ iie fce;f #&e ib H^ksi^^

Unlike the suceemoii of every other govejsaTn^t
vol.. h 31
50 mVMt OBDES OF SUCCESSIOIjr.
tk^tion, whereof Tajura is the seat, is alternately

vested in th© .^dî md the Abli, a Sultdn drawn
from the one, being succeeded by his Wazir, who is
invariably a member of the other, whilst the indi-

vidual to fill the post vacated by the latter, is
elec!^%f m^ê from family of the Sult&a.

decease Tim Mm^ & fc^M^t mnA^m^m^
ibB petty <jhi€^& î^ ihe mmm&Mng clm% "wSo,
to the nm&m'of eight or t0l!i,^^ âim an equal voice
in the senate, and with about an hundred litigious
followers each, make it their head-quarters during
the greater portion of the year. Mohammad Ali
and his powerful tribe oc-
is the principal of these,
cupying a central position on the road to Abyssinia,

a^rtetlie right t0 ^gi(i3rt-#J f frafttc^ding
thither —a S^lip^ dpoifes*
-^wiieib -the
mmBitf jki^&tjto^
^f M mm
in the Md
mM^ f(feice, two ^yages, possessing equally
the means of annoyance, whilst neither is suffi-
ciently strong to afford protection against the

interference of the other, rendered the negociation
one of considerable difficulty and delicacy; nor was
it 4 tMt 6X]^^diture of honied words, that
^1^: imî^ of tM mitm^m^ finally
tion 0f hk ye^s^d dmxi^ until a mom smtabk

opportunity.
All the tents haying beeii erected^ the steeds
61
gfeia00»a mm^ of pmi^p^ci^ wikh W^M^ &^

Tbi^h Induced to a something 10^^ êiliaotic state,
a tet\xm "Wit to His Highness was paid in fall
uniform; and the cortege being swelled by the
naval officers, an exceedingly gay procession of
cocked hats, plumes, and gold lace, passed along the
strand to the palace, under a befitting salute from
the Brig idi 'if^^^ lha lounging population vmt^
altogsfih^r l0st m ama^m^nt ml iM mglit of such.
thronging the way-side, with features indicative

of unequivocal admiration at the brillianey of m
unwonted a display.
The thunder of artillery, to which the nervous old
Sultdn does not conceal his insuperable aversion,
Sihodjfc i£h^ unpretending couch whereoa %t
qiiallejS^ W tile proeîoa eiit^4 &0 fi^gife tw^*^
Divan; and which, without poss^^ssingany pre-

tensions to exclude either sun or rain, proved just
sufficiently large to include the entire party. A
renewal of hand-shaking in its coldest form, and a
repetition of yesterday's compliments, and of yes-
ter^y's promiseB ttad^ only bôfcen, "WBM
foIl$fW# by a general sipping o£ i^lfee, prepared,
ii0t hk tite iâgraj kit<î@Br^ but m Ae mMn^ loi ih^

Embassy ; and after being scrutinised during ten
Hii;autes of suffocating heat by numerous female

igyes glistening through an infimty of chinks ^nd
E 2
52 mm maMmss the suLxijÂ.
mWLwM^ }mnng Ma -^hm at HfeifflE^-

itaps's regard, a clbtii amokr to tlmt oomposmg the
royal mantle.
It did indeed, in this instance, form matter of
heartfelt congratulation, that the regal custom was
dispensed with, of investing the honoured guest
with a gmm^^- &6m the imperial wardr#€l t At
-feli^ 'e^prij^le^ duly impreii^ ^big lairti^ja^crt,
fortifies the palace, theSi:tlt4lia. TOtiohsi^^îMp&e

of her bedizened person from the stern cabin
window of the " Mary Anne" — the withered frame
of the ancient beldame, embedded in spells, beads,
amulets, and grease, forcibly reminding the spectator
gi tht witch of Endor, and rendering her in very
tmi%^ m B^Bettily partetr $m her wrinkled
lord.
53
CHAP- TOI.
mmfinUi OTii (mt cm mM biât^s udEOBCANa;.'*
In the heart of the peninsula of Arabia, environed

on every side by rocky mountains, there stood, in
ibte mMffl© of Iha m^w^f^ i^^ pagan
shjîote, tha* had bî^n hi^ld in the 3teost ââlte^d
ireii^ti«. during Sm^t^mmr hundred fmm* Tht

edifice was believed to cover the hallowed rema-ins
of Ishmael, the father of the wandering Bedouin,
and it contained a certain sacred black stone,
whereon the Patriarch Jacob saw the vision of
angels a^c^nding intqhîi;\rto. On 11^ #e, according
iSO-.|b# ffadffi0% Adam pitchied Ms fe^t; whm
0:!SLp^lled horn the gmÔi. M&mf ^d ib0t% Smd
Eve, the partner of hig ^fell, Wto© jg^^ve of greent
sods is shown to the present dayy upon the barren
sihores of the Red Sea.
This shrine, of course, was none other than the
famous temple of the Sun at Mecca, since so conse-
er^d by Ihe lawgit^ of 1slm MKimswi^m% m to
Tfct i^m»^^f i??ememtion it rmmf^ im Ihose

early days, concentrati:n^hi tide of commerce, ren-
dered it the absorbing mart of Eastern trade.
E 3
54
the vicegerent of Yemen, conceiving the 'i^^ of

diverting the channel to his own advantage, erected
in the country of theHomerites a splendid Chris-
tian church, which, under the title of Keleisa, he
endowed with the same privileges, inmiunities, and
emolumentSj tlmt It^fl ptf antiquity,
been .-jgaaintained in Arabia, Mahomet must have

been crushed in his cradle, and Abyssinia would
have prevented a revolt which has changed the
civil and religious aspect of the world." But
alarmed at the prospect of the desertion of their
tempfe Imih % votaries an^ lêi^chants, the Bern
which bad no eqnalj saving the palace -M' iixe

Hamyar kings, and was calculated to ensure the
veneration of every pilgrim. Out of this sacrilege
and alfront arose the event celebrated in the
Kordn as " the war of the Elephant." Mounted
m a huge wiiife 4^^mt^ Abrahab, surnamed El
Askrem, plading iifeiisfeJJ 0^ ife bead of % fm%
mmy, proceeded to tafee J^^ng^ on tbe iMmm^
but, mided by intelligence artfully given by Aboo
Tdleb, grandfather to the Apostle
of God, he
destroyed, instead of the Kaaba, a temple of Osiris
at Taief, and the first recorded appearance of the
GROWTH OF THE KINGDOM OV ADEL. 55
smaUpox, Portly afiberwatda gîmikSateid &e Cliriji-

tian foroeii^
The wars that distracted all Arabia, between
the Greeks and Persians in the first instance, and
subsequently between Mahomet and the popula-
tion in support of his divine mission, had greatly
impaired ik& t^LG Mlfd^ m g^t^t^. ^(im^tii;
at the temple ^ Me^^da, A mtmm ^tm^f-m^
ventured forth by any road, th$t il was not
plundered by the opposing partisans, and mer-
chants as well as trade gradually departed south
of the Arabian Gulf, to sea-ports which in earlier
times had been the emporia of comimerce with the
East* Raheita, Zeyla, Tajiira, and a number of
oiim towns ia ikt lm^Sm 0i^^% thus i^d^t^t
their imp^^'ta^ce mQ. ibS^ li^st prosîerily* Th^
Gpnqpe^l^ of the Abyssii3&a territories in Arab|%
drove every Êthiopian to the African shorea*
Little districts now grew into great consideration.
Mara, Hadea, Aussa, and Adel, amongst other
petty states, assumed unto themselves the title of
kingdoms, and shortly acquired power ^ti^ w^gs^JA
eclipsing many of the:i!tofeem6ieiit momrdid^^
The iDalBei?atole town ttf tTajt&it, tie e% of &e
slave merchant," as it exists at the present ^lny^
no further description. It was for two
years in the hands of the Turks, who occupied it
after the taking of Massowah, and converted into
a fort a venerable mosque, now in ruins, on the
sea 1>each near the palace. But no tsonsistent
56 AMIABLE TBAITS IN THE DANAKIL.
cliroBide, either of iaj is to
be expected where every man is notorious equally

as a boaster and a and making himself the
liar,
individual hero in every passage of arms, never

fails to extol his own clan as immeasurably superior
ill valour to every dth^. OHb;^ laafitmoholy aspect

of tke i^hm$ |s hu% feo mil êkîjêê^ to mm^ ^
Ifepm a pilgrimage througli any portion of the
country denominated Adel ; and each barbarian of
the entire population of Taj lira will be found, on
sad experience, a type of the Dankdli nation
Bigoted Mohammadans, punctual to the call of
tke Mm^%in^ praying three^ $ime^ ^X<5es^.0f
tdght in tihie M^ûe, or ê^^d^ft^ ^ it¥

threshold; sedulously attentivt:lt^fe^tw^*3?3-felî^
of their creed, though feAv have su^&cient energy to
undertake a pilgrimage to the Kaaba, and content,
like other hypocrites, with a rigid observance of
externals — the Dandkil rise from their devotions
well primed with Moslem ifttoleic^ce, and are p^-
MMy ready teJSt fl^d obie^t tmm0^ >naay offer,
idlers without number lamiittr^d^^botttîy^^p^

at aE times and sqasofis, entering at pleasure, and
monopolising chairs and tables with the insolent
independence which forms one of their most pro-
minent features. Supported by a long staff, the
ruffians gazed for hours together at the novel
^SEIBr Asm Jm> eOSTUME. &7
splendour of tie equipage j mA iteâafiably disfigm?^^

hj a- large <jtiid of toba^5ie?c> adulterated
squirted the redundant saliva over the csgftpelj.
although squatted m the outside of the door, with

ample space at command. But although thieves by
profession on a grand scale, they fortunately con-
trived to keep their hands from picking and steal-
ing; and notwithstanding that the tents were thus
thttmged »63?ilitag tlU night, and the sea-
m€ %d.m of truly tempting ^terior, notMug what^-

ever was abstracted.
The classic costume of the people of this sea-port
consists of a white cotton robe, thrown carelessly
over the shoulder, in the manner of the old Roman
toga; a blue checked kilt reaching to the knees,
simply Issiis^Hed about the^ waist by a l(|alhtr& Ib^t,
*hi«^.^tipp0rls amost forjaidaMe C2*eese^ and a.pittr
of rude undressed sandato to protect the feet of such
as can afford the luxury. The plain round buckler
and the broad-headed Bpear, without which few
ever cross their threshold, renders the naturally
graceful and manly figure of almost every individual
a si3B|ec^ j|>r ^rti^ft fet«ijl ^ Mt ^0 pa]^tiiati«:
are to a tnm MiH^ ij^ iSit. e^teêj aa»3: the aû-
mulated dirt tMfe i^rso^ts an^ leav<^ a
taint behind, that might readUy be traced without
the intervention of a bloodhound. Rancid mutton
fat, an inch thick, frosts a bushy wig of cauli-
flower growth, which harbours myriads of vermin.
5B
TJbiifeîi^ iiieli»g r^^m #0^îl mm^Mm grme

poum mpMi^pi^^ the skin ; and the use of watieae,
except as a beverage, being a thing absolutely un-
heard of, a Dankdli pollutes the atmosphere with an
effluvium, such as is only to be encountered else-
where in the purlieus of a tallow-chandler's shop.

All are vain of scar$^ mi desirous of displaying
mmmm0^:*f mA the xiâiy '©^î'i^^ ii^db
vades #t breast both ef fmmg
m ^Sm^ immvdB the cotifeâlmmt of jcroperty pos-
sessed, a paltry silver ring in the ear, a band of
copper wire round the junction of the spear blade
with the shaft, or pewter mountings to the creese,
form the jsam total c^^ lfe^^M^n on the ariaa^ aad pel*-
#DJit eir<gd 0f 4fe#fi^ Fops in numbers
mîo be êm itt ]bave ealled m the-aid
of moist quick-lime towards the conversion of the
naturally jet black peruke to a most atrocious foxy
red — when judicious frizzing, and the insertion of
the wooden skewer, used for scratching, completes
the resemblance to a carriage mop. But this novel
p3?a06s^ of dyeing, sq mi^î^ igmployed
MmmMi -n^ m mmmoL with the D^lkil itet^^

employ, in lieu of a %jmn JeUow, a toaJl wooden
shaped like a crutch, which receives the
bolster,
neck, and during the hours of presumed un-
comfortable repose, preserves the periwig from
derangement.
S9
purified person of almost every mdividual ; and the

ancient Arab remedy of swallowing the water in
which passages from the holy book have been
washed from the board or paper whereon they were
inscribed, is in universal repute, as a sovereign
:D4e3it|W<| for W^ty^ ailment to which fe
holding the EQ0Q®<^^y, and driving a mostprofitaHa

trade by the preparation of this simple, but potent
specific.Large doses of melted sheep's tail fat are
moreover swallowed on certain occasions and a na-
;
tive Esculapius gave proof of the perfection to which

the dentist's arthm Mta&iM at Tajiira, by dex-
tôTj^ly dîshinf 0mm$îh^m'^(^ stubborn
$f
macMnery of a rusty nail as a punch, struck with

a»heavy stone picked up on the sea-beach, where
the operation was performed for the edification of
the encampment. Applications were nevertheless
—
frequent for European aid a venerable priest num-
bering thTOWOft p^^$^ aild ten, peremptorily de^
manding, in addition to a ^Mltei*, ijft]||£tot^Ôti;^
iêôval ol two^ o^^ wM^l ha^ long

dimmed and upon which he had vainly
his sight,
expended the teeth of half the mules in Tajiira,
roasted, and reduced to an impalpable powder.
Education, to the extent of spelling the Kordn,
00 TEM Bispra aBNBB4TO<3aS.
in genfral^ aJI Bpmk J^Mo m wdl its JQaii^

•fe^l^b^îof #ta m however restiibft^
to a smattering of the holy book, with a very
confused idea of numerals, and ability to endite
a scraggy Arabic letter, which, when completed
with infinite labour, the writer is often puzzled to
decipher. To the immoirtal hm0mi^ SliMtt ^
be it fec^^Sj .lifeh^k ilm dtl^st mUe
inh^hitmt of lit 1^ # sciifegf^r lastaiiee of
MM'^smf^^^dtmM^ wSbb the alpliabet* The swarthy
!0t^t^y urchin who distinguishes himself by
diligence or quickness, receives in token thereof, a
dash of white chalk, a black streak in like manner
disgracing the idle and stupid ; but the pedagogue
would appear to omit the residue of this oriental
6tt$tolSi^— iixa Stuffing the i»!Xi®ife$ fhe wdl-b#
prove a source of much greater môymîiU

In the evening the Mgenuons youth oftM i^lWiy
each armed with a creese in case of quarrel, convene
innumbers on the common, to play a game which
combines hockey and foot-ball the residue of their
;
time being spent in angling, when the juvenile

Waiton stands up to the chia in the salt sea, and
employing his l^dd m
» tul^Jifcuta 1h»
Bpim out 0.'&ms^ ^Brit m
a tiiilf fiiltateipa''
like manner. Numbers spent the period th^r
relaxation from study in gaping witlt the adults at
the door of the pavilion, whilst the magic efiect of
the magnet was exhibited, or fire produced &om
THE JJEAUTY :^4JSHI0N^ 61
the huxmi W^mik %^wmG^ 00^ pm^^^mr feere

The softer sex of Tajiira, whilst young, possess £i
tolerable share of comeliness, and a pleasing ex-

pression withal ; but they are speedily past the
meridian of beauty. A close blue chemise, a plain
leathern petticoat, or a cloth reaching to the ankles,
and a liberal coat q£ lard over extravagantly braidÂ
ringlets, which aa?^ô|tfd mih ImiM^ imo^
^ iK<?ll^ of to^d, wilev mi widow. Ail mm^
signal mtMAM o^ isoloizred bfends^ Mfcag (rm^ the
Sable bosom, a pendant of brass silver wire of no
ordinary dimensions in the ear, and large ivory

bracelets or anklets, proclaim the besetting foible
of the sex but ornaments are
: by no means general.
Mohammadan jealousy tends to the seclusion of the
better order ctf feOTtle^ t# a tifertm extent; but a
marriage ia Hgh ê, when tite jtroees&ion pm^Si
tMm to tlm mmmpmm% îlferd^ m 0pp&jcmt^
not always enjoyed, of beholding the beauty and
fashion of the place. The matrimonial shackles
are here easily loosed and the greater portion of
;
the population being deeply engaged in the slave

trade with the interior, have their rude houses
:ffiled mli. temporary wives, who aaol fef m fime
t0 itot iineet<im^îously shipped for tEfe At^khm
mmh^j in mSm ttot the imM aoei^viii^ fi?oin
tibe mle- M ^sons l3elnî?^sted m new

purchases.
Agriieulture there is none- Every man is a
62 BARTER IN HUMAN FLESH.
toercto*^ »d m&dmtlf lich on his ex-

tensiye sime mfoTi0&m% to SMprt from other
climes the produce he requires. An extensive
traffic is carried on with Aussa and Abyssinia, in

which nearly all are engaged at some period of the
year. Indian and Arabian inaniifactUTes, pewter,
zinc, copper a^ feea^1^r% andîltm Jaarge
slaves, grain^ ivmff o*te pt^dxm of the inte-

rior, —
salt and human beings forming, however,
the chief articles of barter. Virgin Mary German

crowns of Maria Theresa, 1780, as integrals,
and strips of raw hide for sandal soles, as frac-

tional, form the currency of the sea-port ;
beads,
btiltm% n^^mmi empty bottle^
"^lifeBts,
m£L^^^liBm^ iqr #Mcb lat$0* there is mi univerBal

cravittg^ t>^g Têetved in exchange tm #^
necessaries of life.
Avarice is the ruling passion — the salient point

in the character of the Dankdli. His whole
soul is engrossed in amassing wealth, whilst he
is by nature indolent and lazy, and would fain
acquire riches without treading the laborious up-

MH pa*h toiTOfs^B ihmi Wmmmt. Ms^riy m
dhj^sMm^ ttere Is njDt m individmal of th^ 'wh^^
0mmmMy^ ii^m the SiJltitt liQ^wfti?i% whf^
vro^ mt infinitely prefer tht .p?®mt mmi^t ^
two pieces of silver, to a promissory note for twenty
at the expiration of a week, upon the very best se-
curity. " Trees attain not to their growth in a
A HINT TO ALL WHO WOULD BE RICH. 63
sin^ iay/* Moa^fei JJi Sfeemdrki, after mnon-

strating with the grasping ruler on his iaîaiiiiate
love of lucre—" take the tree as fmm text, and
learn that property is only to be accumulated by
slow degrees." " True," retorted the old miser
" but, Sheikh, you must have lost sight of the
fact, that my leaves are abeady withered, and
tliat if 1 wmM. bt rn^h I Tmm mcrt m immmnt to
lose/*
64
CHAP. IX
A BUAm of thirty thousand Grerman crowns, the

annual profits accruing from the sale of three
thousand human beings kidnapped in the inte-
rior, renders every native of Tajiira a man of
competent independence. It is not, therefore,
mtef of timf^p^rt tttre,

surprising that the usual
aM^d io a teowledge of the exig^ci^ 0f Ih^
Embassy, should tli^ ^Mî'cû^
biif iiiiiiî^^4o^B^ rm 4eîi?e to
bestiir tii6^tt§d*Vias. All are camel OAvners ^

greater or less extent ; but the presence of so many
interested parties tended not a little to increase
the difficulties inseparable from dealings with so
listless and dilatory a set of savages — it being of
course requi^l^ tia eoBSuIt thi| 'BsB^mMig/^^f ta
which^ m miît cm)m%m^f ull Mm mmi fmL-
mglf a?Hm Tim 'i^m, ^ îtt^fetti m$m siM
smoHug on the arrival #f ths BritiBkj mA
withsto4ing that it was matter of notoriety that
the amount disbursed at the time of departure for
Shoa, would be diminished in the exact ratio of
the delay experienced —and although, to judge from
m
the surface, affairs looked prosperous enough
towî?dt the speedy completion of carriage, there
ilm îhf of mm^ ifee^n:g upott IMem

delays^ the party we^fe 4<K>|ia6d fe a weary fort-
to endure the meroil^ heat of the Tajiira

loiglit
sun, whose tardy departure was followed by a close

muggy atmosphere, only occasionally alleviated by
the bursting of a thunder-storm over the peak of
Jebel Goodah, and to be perpetually deceived
bj the fafefe$t pfdaatiises, ^ttiidat being abte to
dil^^r ^her^ to lay the blame* Brfibes were
latlsfeed, increased hire aoêifed t% Had qamek
repeatedly brought into the town; but day after
day found the dupes to Dandkil knavery still
seated hke shipwrecked mariners upon the shore,
gazing in helpless melancholy at endless bales
which strewed the Strand, as if washed up by the
% of the fi«Me mmm^
Buiîi;^ ^fe tfeiiotiB defeeafexQ^ mhM^ m the am
dboa^ ie?<5e^ mA the close xd^ht^ gffw hott^ wi^
the tBiîSS^ advancing season, ^xed daily more
irksome and insupportable, and even threatened to
arrest the journey altogether, the most conflicting
accounts were received from various interested
parties, of the actual extent of the Sultan's juris-
by himÎf to lia? 33to Himt^ laeiireaf
idfetitoi ]S¥erfed
thaa the fe^rtl^ ctf WM,. Hll weaixfea

cerîtied ^^lbe isesi^ to tw tepdi-ed headl of
oxen, canidlsi sheep, and goats^ paid amualfy hj

m
ancient usage; but alth^^ l^QS^Mng is done or

undertaken, without his concurrence duly obtained,
he possesses no discretion to punish disobedience of
his will, and is precluded from acting in the most
trivial matter without the consent in full conclave,
of the majority of the cliiefs. Pdêssing lilS^ or

BO pow6p (fl^^ BC^ti^ Iwh im^f
puppet^ lo<>feî $p hf lite miM
of the principal feadoijLy — infirmity and VLi$^ im-
becihty of character rendering His Highness at tho
same time, little better than a laughing-stock.
Faithless and rapacious, his insatiable avarice
induced him to take every extortionate advantage
t>f %Ti0 helpless party ai Mb mercy, whilst his
totteiîng sway4^ba3*N^. Jam ^fe pmmt (^'mmtf-
Private as well as public kaldms were (Mfy'llSld

for hours at the sacred threshold of the mosque,
during which new schemes of vUlany and plunder
were devised and date leaves were indolently plaited
;
by a host of apathetic legislators, as the propriety

of pM^^ting the departure iîaatillîof the Christian
with ^ %!e^ m,imsm bigotry of the Mcâta zgabfc

In wdm Ifeo ascertain how Jfkr fraud and imr
pertinence might be carried with impunity, a
deputation of the artful elders beleaguered the
pavilion during the dead of night, to complain, iu
ilOmeasured terns, that oejt®3^ <^ feUpwers,
tegîM^ of 04?d^% BÂ %mn mM^mmg^
with b^ds icfti :S^fc^s, to betray tba virte^ ic^f
females who drew water at the weE—^ t^

which proved, on dtlfe- te^fdii^r instituted, to be,
like other Dandkil asseverations, devoid of the
slightest truth or foundation. Not even a paltry
water skin was to be purchased from a schoolboy
under the disbursement of a silver faloos^ value
fa^ gtgr]il3Lg ^liMngs ;a courier, who had, s^t

aisjij
tlte^ tim# estSJSIsh^C thm*g% beeii fn^Mêd

on tlteij^tity of the Mgh and mighty SuMjiy to
convey to Ank6ber a letter advising the Mng of
Shoa of the advent of the Embassy, was, after
being three entire days and nights in j)ossession of
his ill-gotten wealth, discovered to be still snug
within his mat-house, in the bosom of his family.
13m Mim
departoi5% and
M qtt^^tim
had beea
1^
wntfcfeEfc
^mS^
in
i3ie ^
tW mo§t jdp&lfc
of
possible, to counteract in som^ isâi$mre the tissue

of underplots hourly developing, and to demon-
strate to the Dandkil capacity, that, whether camels
were forthcoming or not, the journey would po-
sitively be undertaken and the nefarious detention
;
of the document, after tic© rîeeipit of Mieh ex^

orbitant Mi!^^. b^ng perfectly in keeping witli the
ment experi0iiO0d fron) the first moment of arrival^

the Sultin w^ at last plainly informed that furtbej^
1 2
68 MRTH-DAY OF the: BRITISH QUEEI?.
shuffling and feilsi&kddd WOiild avail him nothing

were not immediately furnished in
since, if carriage
accordance with the plausible agreement concluded,

the heavy baggage would be reshipped for Cape
Aden, and the party would advance in defiance of
opposition, with ten camels that had been IÔi^gltt
% from Zeyla, by the nephe» #f BJjejSfa
Imm& M^ l»d 14$ Jerftos rival, on receipt

of tbfc unpleasant intimation, began plainly enough
to perceive that his guests were in right earnest,
and that the golden opportunity of filliîg his coffers
,was passing rapidly away.
The royal salute, fired alternately from the decks of
brig and the schodner, eaeliM^ked out i^^l km
mloM^f "^th gay signal flags iii lipftpmr of tim misi
4ay Itm Mm% %îous Jlg^^ty iie: QaBt:^, en-
veloped the town dllrfng forty «iftm<^§ in a deuBe
white smoke, accompanied by a most unpleasant
smell of gunpowder and during the entire day the
;
beach in front of the British encampment wore the

semblance of a disturbed European and
ant-hill.
native — master and servant— the latter from every

mtioii TOte'itft^^^^ l^âaaftj ^tibian, Ar*
itt^^tei^ m^tif^ M#le, mlmP

mg Bgjit baggage for fkt^ ^^fftomhing departure;
whilst crowds of oily ^HVag^ igf^Tiatted on their
hams, looked on in smiling apathy at the heaps of
valuable commodities that were tosping a-bout the
nine times nine, another salute bursting from the
sides of the vessels of war, shook the frail town to
its foundations, and re-echoed long and loud among
the mountain-glens — flights of rockets ascending
at short intervals to illumine the dark sky.
Tlie'dei^dfeniiag -ditt pound
of the 32 stern chaser
th^ ^^^^d^laltitje," which ppMed; ifcectly to-
wm^ iSit jôpl ftm^4 mmh. the

nerves of the:#ftii Bi:^t% aiti m momr Taad the
lights l^jesp. extinguished, than his spectral figure,
which ever shunned the day, glided into the tent
unannounced, and ghostlike, muttered the agreeable
intelligence that His Highness, after consulting the
horoscope, and ascertaining beyond all doubt that
th§ journ^ would prove propitiotlB—
wise though latej ^£ stipfiyin^ &e ife^^-^^^jag^^

without further delay, and depitfeig his own son as
a safeguard through the tribes —
services for which
the apparition felt confident of receiving a suitable
reward. The voice of the chieftains had become
unanimous. At the last of a long succession of
Mttee^gs conv^tijed #i^4he purpose <)f faking the
affair iti*ot fmg wtiMmsi^m^ M^^l Bafc«i$a^ the
Eim^ in. hh capacity of lawgiver^ had i&mtL hem
hm seat in th^ assembly, and ably demonstrated to
Im mat*weftving audience, why .all aî^losities
F a
70 THE PARLIAMENT PROROGUED.
heart-burnings must be sunk in tbe general object

of making money, and getting rid as expeditiously
as possible of a party of Kafirs, whose guns, un-
shotted, threatened the destruction of the mosque
of the true believer, and the total demolition of
Taj lira.The Fatheh, being the first chapti^ of tha
holy Kor^5 was duly read, and tihe DaaiMl ecffltdwe
with one Toice Toeiferatad a loud AmeeUj even m
let it be!
71
CHAP. X.
bring a numerical accession to tTie beia;&te <)fl5^
collected in the town ; but they were owned of

many and self-willed proprietors ;
were, generally
speaking, of the most feeble description, melancholy
contrasts to the gigantic and herculean dromedary
dt Egypt and iAafeiE| mi. ifelay
still lhdt ii^w^t it<m
sidre isp?ep^glt
'pmtwtm tem-'feaditil, 'wl^dk iwÎêd tlie nemmiif
of making up new furniture for the The
Dankdli saddle is fortunately a simple contrivance;
a mat composed of plaited date leaves thrown over
the hump, supporting four sticks lashed together
in couples, and kept clear of the spinal process by
meaja$ tw:o wlleips as pads, having been proved
by <jatKte|i^s^ of m,^0mi^^ 1^ Bot tsî^ ligKl
cuses for delay w0te 1^0* -to fill, even to

overflowing, the measure of annoyance. The demise
of a nephew of the SuMn — the protracted funeral
obsequies of the deceased — and the almost nightly
F 4
72 FASTIDIOUS CAMEL-DRIVEKS.
abstraction of one or more hired camels by the

lurking Bedouin, all contributed their mite. At
length however no further pretext could be devised,
and nine loads being actually in motion towards
Ambdbo, the first halting ground on the road to
Ite kingdom of* j^da^ tlte sfeli^^êi^ ^ igmtatoe^/*
getting uader weigh, sto^S tip- th'^ Imf ^^^^"^r
^
mA cast mmh&t the iiacipimt 4BMpf wW^h ^
the position was denoted by^4^ cluster of palms.
Endlesi^ abjections being now provokingly raised
to the shape, size, and weight of the boxes to be
transported, it next became requisite to reduce the
dimensions of the greater number, in the progress
of which operation it was discovered that the hurry
ms!S\m! number of mm^^ is^^ Wim\ freighted

with TOund shot ht ^fi^^pp^ guns. The
work in hand was one of no ordinary labour and
difficulty ;
and, after all, its completion proved
insufficient to satisfy the parties. One blockhead
complained that his load was heavier than his
adghbour's, wh^^ ItsA risen earlier m i4ie
igitoigk 4^n$fess^y ti^ id

%fefc^ w|î mm^
siîit size ; one was too kmg^ m<îd^ Diot loijg
enough, a third too deep, and a fourth too loosely
packed. From earliest dawn, until final close of
day, on a sandy beach, under a broiling sun, was
this torment continued without intermission, until
ABOp BmB TURJSED LOGICIAN. 73
the SOiK flf Sl%v^^^ ^ etmxing,
saving paj unwieldy hand-organ, at which every

Gametowiiti? had shaken his wig in turn, and a few
stand of arms which had been removed from wooden
cases, and repacked in mats and tarpaulins. A
great hulking savage finally proposed to carry these
latter, upon condition of their being transversely
-4iijp-îli^ri3»ie^ ^^
Tm tall man," qmth.
Aboo Bel* im-^m^ jm hy 0m
legs?" ^'No, no," cried the barbarian, flesh 'Tm
and blood, and shall be spoiled." " So will the
contents of these cases, you offspring of an ass^"
retorted the old pilot, " if you divide them."
The almost insurmountable diflS.culties thus ex-
periâieed in ^hMning carriage, but now happily
ovetcom% hiii^: fear delayed M '^t
the height of the fiery and unwholesome yim^r^M^
during the months of June and July, sweeps over
that waterless tract from the south-west ; and had
moreover rendered it impossible to reach Abyssinia
before the setting in of the annual heavy ratas, when
the river Hawdsli becomes impassable for weeks to^
gi^l&ej?. pi j^^tiatal apathy of
thri^Byt#<»^^ of tlie^
J^Hi^l: dNf&dy Jfa^d away, rendered every one

avers05 under any epnaideratioii of gîo^ to so ha*
74t KAMoixr OF THE mimbs.
i 4îttrMy^ to be fe*
pB^Bge of arid regions, ^li^tej iiBing the hot sea-

son, neither veget*tJ<^' SO^'W^ter exists ; and the
wells and pools having notoriously failed in every
part of the road, during three consecutive seasons
of unusual drought, it was necessary to entertain
a large proportion of transport for a supply of
aajd tht^^ idgp;^ ii tiffiei ^Mii^ fiaiSl^ ^m mx

and seventy camels bow forming the cax^^g^^
been individually assembled from various gi^^îlxg
grounds, many miles distant in the interior.
A sufficient number of water skins had fortunately
been purchased at exorbitant prices to complete
the equipment, together with mules for the convey-
lEêe^ of tli$ iMj^peM eseoi?t âi «rtffl ; the
aîd
greedy teldes ireeexvitig -ilfc la^rf^
SaaltiS:tt> shsm of
the profits had sold his own riding beast,:fe:
on all,
three times its worth in solid silver. Bnt.the forage

brought over from Aden being long since con-
* sumed, the whole were fed upon dates, and to the
latest moment the greatest difficulty continued to
easi lptrig^dto ifeltel^;^. The services of nei-
ther JteMK» B0ô«to, nor SomauH, oBîa^
at ^m^mi mi %b ^h:#^ ^ ^Îmg
train of liv^ stock was
conseqia;adrtly lo^ be attended
by a few worthless horsekeepers, enlisted at Aden,

aided by a very limited Btimber of Tolrateers from
GREEDINESS OF HIS LIEGE SUBJECX^. 75
tite ^l^ppirig, whose indiffetttife di^n^t0i?l^ gave

ample promise of their subsequent misdefilif
On the departure of the last load, a general
begging commenced on a grand on the partscale,
of all who flattered themselves that they had in

the most remote manner been so fortunate as to
jfeadiT îS^toea fiiia^ng the protmcl^ sojourn o£
tMEafii?s. Mai^jy^ whose oi^^^^r^^^^
m^'pmmif ^fec eonfes^:^ ^tiîmeJês satisfied ih
propriis personis^ modestly urged demands
half of their still more worthless neighbours and ;
in order to have any chance of passing in safety to

the mountains with so long a line of camels, it was
only prudent to propitiate each and all of this pre-
da*>J?y toti ¥rf upon their
With a feeling of pleasul^ lifeaH that experi-

^^fiycedby Gil Bias, when he escaped from the robbers'
cave, the party at length bade adieu to Tajiira.
Of all the various classes and denominations of men
who inhabit the terrestrial globe, the half-civilised
sav^^^ peopling t]bi0 liea-port, are perhaps the
ÔBt Soroughly ^3i0U0 aiid detest#fev They haviB
iaîalOTa^^ t0 ateiy
Îtê- ^^srt^dit
^th the rude tribes to which they j^âin, may

once have been adorned and having acquired no-
;
thing in exchange, save the vices of their more

refined neighbours, the scale of abject degradation
to which they are now reduced, can hardly descend
Imw* Under this sweeping and ?^ mm-
moAsm mm "^^
fm wamm^s cum^
i|îi4tion, the impotjent SfaM% MpfeÊpiijall ibn

Mt&înf,^ ft^^h^m^f in j and
tlm old misei^f yjipifeity continuing unsated up to

the very latest momeiit, be clutched his long staff
betwixt his skinny fingers, and hobbled forth from
his den, resolved to squeeze yet another hundred
dollars as a parting memento from his British
Wim iuropean escort weiê in tb^ a<5t of
âiiiifiîlfba m^s ^^3&?^jr 3x^]mBSS^ to the gal-
lopeir guiij ^wiidi he h$d va&Iy |)6rîâd^ Mffl^lf
0Du33' merer IfeJafaSig^^ from the coiigst^ ^&miSiîJto
camel-owner consented to take it, and repeated at-

tempts that he had witnessed to yoke a pair of oxen
to the limbers had proved unsuccessful, even after
their stubborn noses were pierced. But mule harness
iad be^tt Îj ^weiiattull^^ to meet the exigency,
lij^l^vdm -^^m bdteaa #te party IB
ioi^ ^1^^ tstîmî i^mlf seated ihdv mMlm^ m
and moving alojig t3i=^t|Ssy^ for-, —
getting the vile errand upon which he had come,
he involuntarily exclaimed,In the name of Allah
and the holy Prophet, whither are those fellows
going?" " Raheen el Hdhesli^' 'Ho Abyssinia,''
wa;s ih^ 1^003^0 reply tba^ Ifei tipon his astounded
ears as #0 m^^:mm^^ %, tmmmôix \
and. Hii Blgin^t wp-fcto^^^ after %^m^ tiH l^âning
on his slender cratch, and staring in idiotic Tacancy
after the departing cavalcade, as it disappeared
under a cloud of dust from before his. leaden
77
INIQUITOUS PROCEEDINGS AT AMBABO, AND UNDER-
The tall masts of the schooner of war, raking abow

the belt of dwarf jungle that skirts the tortuous
coast, served as a beacon to the new camp, the dis-
tance of which from the town of Taj lira was less
than four miles, A narrow footpath wound along
the burniijg sandsj acro$a Bialer-^âiit^^'
from the impendii:^ MOmtrtai&img^^
porpiyi^, mhm^ wooded base, thidfefy îd^tad ^Hi
euphorbia amiiipAorum^ harboured
swine, pigmy and guinea fowl in abund-
antelope,
ance. Many by the wintry
large trees, uprooted
torrent, had been swept far out to sea, where in
derision of the waves that buffet their dilapidated,
stag-horn looking arms, they will long iMk Ml^lip at
itttcifcc^ ^foan v$ the TOlSeia^^
sels, in greasy leathern petticoats, bending beneath

a load of fuel from the adjacent hamlets, traversed
the sultry strand ; whilst a long train of wretched
children, with streaming elf-like locks, who had
fS ^mm mnou mou tp^jiJra.
been Mdnapped[ in itEe tm^Îfa^ ii3*^ttpf i/i^^Bifed
tMh "wmry way mth ^ mm^m^ iowEi^s
An
avenue through the trees presently revealed
the white tent, occupying a sequestered nook on
the course of a mountain stream near its junction
with the shore. Here horses and mules were doing
their utmost, by diligently cropping th^ fO?i!a:^
of Mtlbilimt grass, to repair tb^ lm§
of tliosfe
formed the
wihieb W hmn improved by
jest of a gr^tip of grinning savages.
mutilsttion,
Clumps of lofty fan palms, and date trees loaded

with ripe orange-coloured fruit, still screened from
view the village of Ambdbo, the straggling Gothic
roofed wigwams composing which have the same
waggon-lifcE ^pf$^tmm tte- huts Tajura, M
— '% similar of mcl&B^kim m^m^^Mx^ m^n
to tbfe uiiostentatiops mosfult^ &%a^? jfiisîto^tiiato^^
from the surroouîBg âdifices^ unmrôd mm-
arets of wood.
Greasy ragamuffins still intruding, here con-
tinued their teazing persecutions, and Mohammad
Mohammad, the son, though not the heir to the
throne of the SultAn, having been specially ap-
pointed by bk dii^^jj^tttitM^ sip0 to tb# liiij^cwa^fc
0m of #0 ^(Sbi^s^ to ihm m^lumm nt ^^ .lmii^.

proprietoi* during th^ entire cfay* He ]joif\'W^r
HAMLET OF AMBABO. 70
proved useful in so far that he was versed in the

chronicle of Ambdbo. The Nakhuda of one of his
uncle's buggalows having contrived a quarrel with
a member of the tribe Hassoba, one of the manifold
subdivisions of the Dandkil, the man threw the
gauntlet d£ âefisince by cirfting off tfet of the
"hmti MêtH^ iôrtly aft0i*4^^
iitssfalitei. )mxism Blew hfe ittxtagcxdfet dit i3m
spSfey Hiid took; lûge in the hills, until, tired of
100^ concealment, and believing the affair to be

consigned to oblivion, he ventured to settle with
Ambdbo, and thus founded the present
his family at
viUage; but after some years of repose, he was
discovered by the relatives of the slain, and, as
UStM fc: all Mood feuds, ultimately ass^^^^liedt
OcQupyiiJg. ^ îte proverbially
$mtitg^Jimkkg the midB hji'smôiMW^ etods
of Iptis^toes, the miserable hamlet h bttt thinly
peopled, and the Sheikh being on far from amicable
terms with the authorities of Taj lira, it is likely
soon to be abandoned in favour of some more

eligible location.
A te3 lavage, falsely repre^^Mtig Mflitîf to be

due <i the hotfaelioM Mt W^^^^t^ IfefcJ^ty of
Sfeda^ telng tie n^mmn from jteMhei^^
with lettei^ for Aden, and having safely ^4|K(jslted
his packet on board the " Constance," was readily
induced to return Avhence he came, with the Em-
bassy. Deeni ibn Hdmed, a liar of the first mag-
nitude, but the only Dank/î who liad voluntarily
80 NATIONAL FAILING ILLUSTRATED.
chiving the arriîal of this courier to afford an

Oj^îng for the exercise of his talents which ought
on no account to be neglected, immediately pro-
ceeded to tax his lively ingenuity in disclosing the
contents of a document which he pretended had
been received from S&heU 'Sdiê^ % Ite M
mMm'&Qmr^hm^ ^kHm Ms aulleiOBe 3to4 Jxi^t
falsehoods that he caiitjd^S to string together with

m unblushing front, must be admitted to reflect
ample credit upon his fertile invention.
Lying appeared be the chosen occu-

in fact to
pation of this youthful warrior, who, however,
unlike the mass of his compatriots, did possess
:lOte!B :eêm qualities, though they were by m
immBr m mm^mm^ m Ub Tim lmm^d>h
aversion to vemmty wlifeh he ^flieed qn
occasion, renders it difficult to determili|^ isrhat
degree of credit may be attached to the tragic tale
that he was pleased to connect with a deep gash
over the temple, which distorted his vision ; and if
not received in a less honourable rencontre than

he pretended, ii||>lrds auothei?' to the ten thousand
instances on ridQ^ of i^t i?^neour with
wimh WmA ^mM m$ |*<5Sîated, MjmBkpmmL
uncle,and aJtPîv^tjf Zeyla," said Deeni, " btg^Ming
embroiled, mutually unsheathed their creeses in
mortal strife, fought desperately, and died. The
brother of the latter sought iny life in revenge, as
THE BAS m K^^JMS. 81
ljâîit@-ii0itr#t of hmi hu% affetr ?4<iei:vii»g this
which I shall also carry to the grm^ I leldê^

atahlêd iim S^gmmU villain to the heart with this
good creese, and, glory be to God ! diyided his
windpipe with his own sword."
Profiting by the amiable example of the illus-
trious TOler of Tajiira, the Sheikh of Ambdbo, a
most BOtaible i^stOTti^^^^ t6E(?1W^ to ;pul Mi jdami
to a mm. ifea% tmm^ 'Hfm^ a uhsd^w
douJbt^ placecl a-ftrong Bedouin gnm^ <^^lj
well ; and although he had every t^lÔii to M
satisfied with the success of his nefarious schemes,
he did not possess sufS.cient gratitude to prevent
the commission of a robbery during the night,
which might have proved more serious than it did.
the with; ^ welcome acê^Biw off <sam4^ fdif
the carriage of water, "wWM, tmMf^ ^^rtain the

prospect of departure on the morrow, it having
been distinctly promised by the Sultdn, in return
for a handsome pecuniary consideration, that his
brother Izhdk, who had been unanimously appointed
Eas el Kdfilah, his son^ his nephew, and seven other
^!iraoM of Inlmeiiisi^â tte trnd, should
be-ito Ti&aâsi "wttbout fail, to escort the Eiinba|#|'
mt the 1st of June, and that the l^âi?d :of f!hei3*

services should be paid, ad valorefn^ W^m safe
arrival within the kingdom of Shoa.
VOL. I. a
82 THB STOTiH mT PIAIiF ISiATISFIEP.
mm Mi*a#ti gtta,
fited mtBn the Tmim camp as a

mmmpflS to the drowsy camel-drivers to be up and
doing, was echoed, according to previous agreement,
by the long stern chaser of the " Constance,'' —
signal to the Euphrates,'' stiU anchored off Ta-
jiira, thunder a fareweU salute as the day
to
dawned. The w^k loading wstS merrily com-
men#d— tfee leftt trtot- Jowft ^tad — ^^tet
mmi moved t^ -^mm^ B^Hmlt ^1m^r

dmpm^m^ of ^ tmt îa^ng, it was observed with
dismay that the groui^d was still strewed with bag-
gage, for which carriage had unquestionably been
paid and entertained, but for which none was
forthcoming. The greasy proprietors were, after
some search, discovered b^l^ &e bl^^ engaged

m the oj^Bîpxk ^ mmUm^^^ pi^m
advance; but persuasion and threats proved alike
Ujiavailing. Some had already sent their camels to
graze at a distance; others insolently expressed
their intention of doing so after the completion of
their interesting and by far the greater
work,
number would vouchsafe no explanation whatever.
At length the provoking riddle wia^ foii^ lif ikB
mirel of; a ^m^pbqrf^m^^ i^m& ilm Stfl^,
mining tM pAmM tit attendaxic^ M$ teSiej;'
with the |n?^mised escort, and modestly requesting
that the amount might forthwith be disbursed, or
the bargain must b^ copsidered null and void!
izhXk and his cootedebates. m
ImmeiHately daegprt'chi^ to <iiS^ti^ ft aSiatHig
and to remonstrate against so gross a

tlie Philistines,
breach of good faith whilst the residue, awaiting

;
his tardy return, passed the sultry day beneath the

mock shelter afforded by a low date bush, shifting
position with the deceitful shadow, which, before any
fcttlhet tidings were receiiw^J 0f %lmquent old
fall m m$imk Mb. At leiagtli the mmoml^

Bi^îmMg TOs relieved by the appedi'gaM id
the messenger on his way back. After a world
of trouble, he had succeeded in hunting out some
of the elders, who, however, would only consent to
accompany him on the payment of every stuiver of
the denxand nxade in the mamijxg, and, quietly
pOSB^^sSd jOf ^MIots, they had tfawght proper to
detain the e$coiî*
l^ked by Ibrahim the wît

iremowned warriqi* m the next 4m tmlbes, sat as
on the occasion. The demeanour of the Ras
01»ator
bordered closely on the insolent. A heavy load of
impudence could be detected under his broad pud-
ding face ; and his desite to be impertinent was
feroiifleeA ill- m> M^m hj par^â*^
hmps of vak^bfe h^g^p^lfi^^ B^lm mmif^p^
the ground. The deputation was teeeived quite
as coldly as their dishonest and mm% ]^mldng
behaviour demanded; a silence of several minutes
affording to each, leisure to pick out his curly lock^,
G 2
^4 THE BOj^TlROUS <30$rFBBEirGE.
alai^ôol himself a B% tle wMe .h®;^
mdt^di ^wlâ3L DisStoi laqiffil^ mm^ Imgik

instituted rdative to the august health of the Sultan
and the royal which were stiffly responded
fenaily,
to after the current Dankali fashionj " Hamdu
"
lillah," thanks be unto God!
The conference then opened with a bluster con-
cerning the movement of the EMl^ jTrona Atsabilfeo
wxtfeoiJit the pi^^fii^jr ^r,, or coGCiS3eB^t <3^f ih^
who^ tfl^ m^^î^ ifettempt m ^

tmprec^ditited îêeding, and indulging in a very
gratuitous tirade against Mohammad Ali, whom Ji^
styled in derision " the supplier of water," and was
anxious to make appear the only culprit on the
occasion, added, in conclusion, that his own being
" a house of mourning/' he had given up his
res^hred to mm% %mi%i^^

He isms gra^%:^mw^î that Ste £5ig?&ir^ tal
started upon express orders given in consequence
of a distinct understanding and pledge, purchased
the preceding day of the SultAn and himself. He
was reminded that every hire and remuneration for
camels, guides, and escort, exorbitant though they
werej \mi h^n. paid in full M Tajilra and was
; dis-
tmctfy ittibr«$€ if liie -îfitis0 the agr^m^l

propOTfey of the British Government wouM be left
on the grmmd, where it then lay, whilst the lm'^
85
bassy proofed tOi iPullooly off wMoj^ Îsm iBt

" Constance " B,!t|?^y aiicliore^ iW|Sp|>^^ ^
tim IfAggagt that hai Ij^îi to Ite advame
camp, and set sail for Aden.
Itwas further added, that as the consequences
of this step would rest upon the head of those who
had entered into an express engagement, upon re-
ceipt of whatever terms they had demanded as the
ptiee^ of their services, it should he borne in mind
tib^t fiiifliie?' t)ikisiv'e It^ unprincipled demon^toaf
Jus iatgofjpret^r jjr^^^^êd to ttiafcld iMu l&pm-

toned ^5pci0nstrance, Izhak was seen to fidg^ im*
easily upon his hams, whilst he sought to conceal
his agitation by tracing figures on the sand ;
and,
as the last intimation fell upon his ear, seizing his
sandal, he relieved his excited feelings by shovelling
a poiirited tM
^fiisk tôugfet. emim ^^^
tm&hm*- jSrut. %M mm-^^^g idt %kj^fe fee ML
ai5|a3®ei^1iad toow ei^^timfyiifea^âi^, md, idl^:a
Burned whispering consultation with his confede-
Mfj^^ he declared that he had been toiling day and
night in the service of the English ; that he was
perfectly ready to perform every thing required of
him, and that, notwithstanding the recent calamity
with ifcfe family had hmn visited, and
t]m Biafea^y 4i*tistwottliy c^ltei^^^
would be responsible for all tl^ j^râ^^^

lefit at AmbAbo, and only petition for two dajm^
G 3
86 AMCABM ADJUSTMEHT OS* BICTEBBHCES-
grace to put his house in order before repairing to

DuUool. This point being tardily accorded, he
rose with. Ali Shermdrki, who had ridden in as me-
diator during the heat of the conference, and each
offering his hand, in earnest of the matter being
finally and amicably concluded in full accordance
with the original stipulations of the covenantj set
out on his return to Tajura.
87
VtttimOl^. — THE RAS UNPLEASANTLY REMINDED 01* Bli

PLEDGE. ^SAGIlLO AND WARELISSAn.
ImMM 0mmi mmd% wM^h Mi. hmn. fc^ ekise

hmi. peta&iig wmt o£ tliig stormy <cMmti$
being now Was speedily
bro^glit iBt^tlte groutid
cleared of the reinaittiia^ baggage; and satisfied
with the specious assurance of the Ras el Kdfilah,
that he would on no account tarry beyond night-
fall of the following day, the party, reheved from
their anxiety, mounted after five o'clock, and gal-
atiMl^^ Tjmxg so pâ^foratiS

tmdermined infeWS^ part by the hermit crnhf to m
xaiidCT the siera^like road truly treacherous and
unpleasant.
The grassy nook occupied by the was si- tent
tuated at the abutment of a spur from the wooded
Jebel Goodah, evidently of vôfeittii^ oxigin, which
gradually diminishes in height^ 'iiiitiO, it
of tamarisk and acacia, the former ^dpf^rêd^lh

crystals. Hornblende, in blopks^ i^m scattered along
th^ beach, and, wherever decomposed, it yielded fine
G 4
88 Tm SULAN's TOTOHING APPEAIi.
sun as to tem fbe xiafeed Tii^ ffiw^Bfe

camp of 39; Beic«iilt #0p3ilferds, who,
with very slender habitations, possess no fixed
abode, was erected near the wells ; and a quarrel
with the followers, respecting the precious element,
having already led to the drawing of creeses, silver
was again in requisition to allay the impending
"fhm imt m fd o£ Mm ohm^t fe^

^tiiîQI^feafcfele 1 but sultry Say prOT^^ cjgje <?f
g:êater quiet than had fallen to the lot of the Em-

bass|^ ite-fi^St landing Late in the evening,
when a cool sea-breeze had set in, Ali Shermdrki
rode into camp, and delivered a letter which had
been sHpped into his hand by the Sultdn, appealing
against the hardship of being left without remune-
^Hgea^^ a^rvices, praying tlmfeMt old
i?a,ti0i3L.|ferMs^
km^ naight be m^de ghA^ hyoffcag

might meet again <fe(ti' ^^feojt^. ts^ll %hmi^ — ^ft^
wish responded to by no single individual Ijiie
British party.
Neither Izhdk nor any of his followers made
their appearance, notwithstanding that the redemp-
tion of the solemn promise passed was anxiously
watched uiita ujiinight At gua^te "tlta next
momicg) licywfevf?^ t&e siîa^^ th^ wli^le being
i^ôrtied^ orders were isêii to strife:0 'im% a
measure which was d^^dly opposed.l>y t^^l lâs
el K4filah, whose brow ^^n darkened as }ie
THE LAST WELL.
mi
Mt ftcm ©tiSo<du^til
to
three of his were said to Ii^m^^g?^^^
^jrft^lsj twtbich
should be recovered; and deaf alike to remon-

strance or entreaty, he finally withdrew to a dis-
tance, taking his seat in suUen mood beneath a
tree.
The schooner had meanwhile fished her anchor,

^py, "wm now getting under weigh the purpose
of âitding up witlfe i*ange of tfe^ Imltmg
groitti. The mtal^ %ejfe Itarriifîi^ to §m gm^
the tent and baggage packed. Ali Shermdrki wm
deputed to acquaint Izhdk with these facts, and to
intimate firmly, that unless the order to load were
given without another moment's delay, minute guns
would be fired as a signal to bring up the brig from
Tajiira, when the promise made yesterday by the
Englfeb woal^ ê foua^la#re Mnding thftSt j&o®^

of the tim^tl hsd: Mth0¥to j>a*ovecU Tiii alfeaace
hsi& tfca 6jei3a?@£ êet, mi. îtm hours of
commenced its third
needless detention, the party
hot march along the sea-beach, whence the hills
gradually recede. Bedouin goat-herds occupied
many wells of fresh water, which were denoted by
clumps of date trees entwined by flowering convol-
vuli, whose Mfttt^ lettliSfc^ M laotovliible
f^m^d the pool iagffio^ ml^ lhra$ jjofil^s from

^0 fctoner ground, but affording tJ^fe M^^f
ymt0T to be obtained for thirty more.
Ml extensive wd beautiful prospect erf the west-
ern portion of the Bay of Tajiira had now opened,
bound m m M Mm % ^ ^ 'pm0mm
©^tmdJng from the northern shore. The schoojatei^

S€l'ti<5€^ irere volunteered to admit of a nearer
inspection of the " basin of foulness but no sooner
had she stood out to sea than signal guns fired
from the camp announced the arrival of another
packet from Shoa. The mmm
had b©^
days 0i |S)Mrney, and' tfe tiîag^ J^l^t
yet Ifejaoêr fes^toe^ to the many, of the

small reliance that can be plaaed on information
derived from the Dandkil, who, even when disin-
terested, can rarely indeed be induced to utter a

word of truth.
The strong party feeling entertained towards
IfeMtiaiaaa^ 1^ tb^ magnates k0 Tajiira, novt
MssSjK insinuattog iTm d^fessiScsa t^f isha jafcâaifeej.
^kobad been unavoidably detalUBd by business,

some hours aftaK" the l^t of tibe fig8(i*port heroes had
joined. " Where now is your friend Ali Moham-
mad?" Where is the man who was to supply
water on the road?" were the taunting interro-
gatories from the mouths of many ; but come the
mm of -SB to "tlm Confusion of his dm^
dm^M^ long er^ th^^^jytli had set, bringing secrst-^-
tdUgm<3!^ that he h^ f^nt % eftg^ m ^^ttMm
91
Mfoom Mlfe? ffijS #t yipl© party being
as 210* a eoiili |a?<2^tired for tliree
stages in advance, tM entire of the next day should

be devoted to filling up the skins, which done, the
caravan should resume its march by night —a
manoeuvre that savoured strongly of a design to
favour the clandestine return to Tajiira of certain
of ilm môTt, who had ^511 doma^c v^îm tQ
Tbm fer
chief
^ mnAimb mn
had formed a notable contrast to the pro-
the Bookhba
ceedings of his backbiters. Whilst Izhdk and his

stubborn partisans had positively dechned to move
according to their agreement, unless a farther most
extravagant and unconscionable sum were paid in
advance thdr anticipated ^^^vices^ and had
foi?
altogether aîiPiiaed a bullying totm^ e<mjl^ l^tli $f

tm3f!^ i^s^^ and Qvâfbeaa&g-^^^to^
Mdm. of a savage house that holds in its hands the
mBtLum betwixt Shoa md and could at
Tajiira,
pleasure cut off communication with the coast, had

never applied for aught save a trifling sum for the
present maintenance of his family, and since the

first ^claircissementj had, to the best o£ ability,
gfeck"^ to iî&r Bditt^lf tcseM^ m^^^

th0 party abp-lf to igmn ^&^mt^Mn ^tmtty.
lon^t^ mM eleveii the following night, 1^3* life
object to perBuade the transmission of baggage

92
mm^mntim^ But the

proposal was negatived upon prudent grounds, the
honesty of the intentions by which it had been
dictated, seeming at best, extremely questionable,
and no one feeling disposed to trust the faithless
guides further than they could be seen, Avith pro^
perty of t^dmt*
^c&mky iîfmvy eyes 9£ih(Si p^^ %mÂ
in sleep, than the loiig^ 82-pouEae3r -^F lite " Con-
stance,^' proclaiming the midnight hour, S€»ti;ilided
to boot and saddle. The Babel-like clamour of

loading was at length succeeded by a lull of voices,
and the rumbling of the galloper wheels over the
loose shingle, was alone heard in the still calm of
the night, above tliie ^Îmo^t uî^dê^s tx$^^ of the
1»e, Tim Hi tef the momf^^^MioLg

brightly overhead, lay for the first t^- (St
miles along the beach, and then, crossing numerous

watercourses, struck over the southern shoulder of
Jebel Goodah, the distance from whose lofty peak
each march had reduced.
Blocks and boulders varying in size from an
t$ ptjtjn<i Blm% to- tM% of Om^ piled v^m FfeBon,
aidied by deep elt^^t, an^ mteways^ ren-
gwlfe^^
dering ib&# mmA of miml toE and peril, eost
the life of a camel, which over a piêcipice and
dislocated the spine ; wheiêtipOn thie conscientions
THE HATI^rTBD 3>BfIDl^* 93
propriety,. #Maimiig to- d&Sltor toC of
Gdleylaf6o, a singular and fearful cha^Da i?liicli was

navigated in the first twiligkfe^ did not exceed sixty
feet in width; its gloomy, perpendicular walls of co-
lumnar lava, towering one hundred and fifty feet
overhead, and casting a deep deceitful shadow over

thm hwohm channel^ haH a Mile m extent. Deeni,
m ;#ltom$iy #mit si; amplification^ Mpe^
trap-door, in order to clear wfiMt it was neQi^^t^

for a loaded camel to forget its sfigii^ daiw^nour,
and bound from rock to rock hke a mountain kid.
The devil and all his angels were represented to
hold midnight orgies in one of the most dismal of
the many dark recesses; and the belief was fully
m^tmeA by the whooping of m mXmt^ ^^ h^mm^
that had ever attempted the bumping passage.

Dawn disclosed the artillery ^males in such
wretched plight from their fatiguing night's labour,
that it was found necessary to unlimber the gun,
and place it with its carriage on the back of an
ISd^mh of Bfetistifei^tt strength, provided Ibr
tfe^ ^âa&igency by the foresight oS Mohmm^ Ji^
its novel bttrthen, the animal, rising without diffi-
culty, moved freely along at a stately gait. The

same uninteresting volcanic appearance charac-
terised the entire country to the table-land of
94 BAMI^LB OB* THE mm PMMT.
kiflw wî^^ i^mim wm m oig^ jrelieve the

gatze over the whole forbidding expanse. In this
barren unsightly spot the radiation was early felt
from the masses of black cindry rock, which could

not be touched with impunity. The sand soil of
the desert reflecting the powerful beams of the sun,
limit a imtM itt^%'1)0 #0 hmty whilsj; every
thie rose iti elmiM. M one mgrnm^
rmkd ike tm^m fern îgh% ^ ^ teft
heads of camels tossing in the inflameit liîiosphere

among the bright spear-blades of the escort. But
on gaining the highest point, a redeeming prospect
was afforded in an unexpected and most extensive
bird's eye view of the estuary of Tajvira, now visible
ia all its shining glory, from this, its western feom^

imp away for miles ia flaoid beauty,
Stet^tehing
its figiir^ wa^ that o£ a gântio | uSicl
far below on its glassy bosom were 3&j)to3(ê4

white sails of the friendly little schooner, as, after
safely navigating the dangerous and much-dreaded
and Charybdis, never previously
portals of Scylla
braved by any craft larger than a jolly boat
t^^lying to the breeze, she beat gallantly up to the
%mk of ^#l>atvel MhmiK
CHAP. XIII,
mOOUY PASSAGE 01* BJJt mMAMs TMM mmm^m AD
huniim& feet l^êl tlife wfeftr, Mm

a ^xiffocating south-westerly wind, which blew
throughout the tedious day, rendered the heat
more awfally oppressive than at any preceding sta-
tion. The camp, unsheltered, occupied a naked
tract of table-land, some six iiailaa in eft^^^ffiifereixce,
m sâialdCT of Jebd Gt^mMk^^ Mrjêa iiftr^
^fis^sto^^w^ wlii ^Mtlgîâ^ mi Wm^%^ animal

bones ;
sicHy acacias of most puny growth, spar-
ingly invested with sun-burnt leaves, here md
there struggling through the fissures, as if to prove
the utter sterility of the soil ; whilst total absence
of water, and towering whirlwinds of dust, sand,
md pe1>bles, raised by fm^mm*W^^ ftsffe
#i. |i§^tofiture both ofiittaa and baasi

Daring the dead of night, when restless unre-
freshing slumbers on the heated ground had hushed
the camp in all its quarters, the elders, in great
consternation, brought a report that the Bedouin
96
'b€J9tleaf0i #l# dfeMga of imM'&g- a sudden

îi;b.
s-ôop upon the kafilah, for which reason the Eu-

ropean escort must be prepared for battle, and
muskets be discharged forthwith, to intimidate the
lurldng foe. They were informed, in reply, that all
slept upon their arms, and were in readiness ; but
tempters lmA)Mmm^^^^
a double sentry, the party slepi Oli 'phjhont further
disturbance two in the morning, prior to
until
which hour, the moon, now on her wane, had not
attained sufficient altitude to render advance prac-
ticable.
Bfeii^^^ aaf one hundred yar<is Jiltfcmt A^m^

encampment just abandoned, lill now unper-
ceived. It derives its appellation, as " the road of

the Eesahs,'^ from the fact of this being the path
usually chosen by that hostile portion of the So-
inûli n&tfon, m tte Crccasions of their frequent
forays into the #u^tey ^ ^jm-X^mildl^ witk irhoi%
8W[gmnary contest, and are said, after each down-

pouring of the heavens, to become totally impassable,
until again cleared of the huge blocks of stone,, the
97
d^lUlkgr
bed of Ite
itim ^ scarped iM^ m
to tepede
cfeife
tlta all progi^.
Tie laboor of Removing "^m^ Bmwm^ oejrfcdil im^
mi|3iiti^ # thiltî^^ who levy a toU upoii
every passing caravan, and who in this instance
were propitiated, on application, by the division of
a bale of blue cotton calico, a manufacture here
esteemed beyond all price.
A deep zigzagged rent in the plateaux, produced

originally by some giî ^Êvwjgicm miW^ «d M
fm Ae johmm^ #f ese^pe tt^ tfe sea of tiie
gathered waters Jebel Goodah, winds like
a mythological dragon through the bowels of the
earth,upwards of three miles to the southward.
Masses of basalt of a dark burnt brown colour, are
piled perpendicularly on either side, like the sohd
of the impreguable^ ibi*tKeB#j^ wafed by the
wâtfe
Gydôps of old J atid riiiug fym% a very naccoor

chaDBaglj stjfewdt yk^B -<tf sioii% ^d toge
fallen fragments of rock, tower overhead to tfeg
height of five or six hundred feet. One perilous
path affords barely sufficient width for a camel's
tread, and with a descensus of one foot and a half
in every three, leads twisting away into the gloomy
depths below, dedicated to the son of Chaos and
aiad^w plunged imiMal obscurity.
It mm a^ lj%^t ajrjid <dtoi3idleg§ |i%li:tj. and the
scene^^y, m mmr^ %: the uncîriaia: 3iioaajlghty oa^
at interv^§ fn the windings of the t#|fd upon the
glitteriiJ^ ^jwear-Mades of the warriors, was wild and
YOt. X. It
terrific. The frowning basgliB
Imndred yai^lr to momii "^mWOMr iWf ^
impeni^rable gloôm owtle gi^fe^tter fi^^^nêi tite
friglillpi ^fijîiajL ^^^^ ^'^^ moon rose higher la
ijie iihMtt mv^^^hm she shone full upon huge

shadowy masses, and gradually revealed the now
dry bed, which in the rainy season must oftentimes
become a brief but impetuous torrent.
No sound was heard save the voice the xjMiel-
irit^^. <JOp:sing his 1}^^ io proceed by
sti^Bl^g
tit m0p m&^ng- j^^tm^^^* whrn
the pass^geêeme^ ecmpfet^y' chok^^ the stepping
from stone to stone, accompHshed with infinite
was followed by a drop leap, which must
difficulty,
have shaken every bone. The gun was twice

shifted to the back of a spare camel, provided for
the purpose; and how the heavily laden, the fall
i& "^ktmiMi MimM^ fcept ikm feel^fe toSeî mh

through, however, notwithstanding the appearance
of sundry wild BedouinSj whose Ifâpom md. matted
locks gleamed in the moonbeam, as their stealthy
figures flitted in thin tracery from crag to crag.
A dozen resolute spirits might have successfully
opposed the united party; but these hornets of the

jttKîitains, offeringno moles<^t&)%r<^tîlt€§
îi.tg^ ^0^©^(Xsm^Maag^^ ife^^ a^t mr-gu^s
fr<3ffi li!%hfe .ia«iieci^blk#^^ ik€t mUwik
pmi^ until the twilight wi^neH them ta jêffie to
VMT VIEW OE GOCmUT EI. KHAEis. 90
#0?j&aQ^^d hiding placegi I ^4 -(^ttteBittti A<>tt^^

against the mttamts fepîn Îfife, to
gling caravan had emerged in safety from this dj^rk
descent to Eblis.
Goobut el Khardb, with the singular sugar-loaf
islet of Good Ali, shortly opened to view for the last
time, across black sheets of lava, hardened in their
course to the sea, and already rotten near the water's
edge* Many year^teve iicli eloped A^CfteE
mad!e Utm U fm mi^ of &m pm^
immense booty in cattle, halted on their return at

Eyroladdba, above the head of the bay. Under
cover of the pitchy darkness, five hundred Dandkil
warriors, passing silently through thegloomy defile,
fell suddenly in the dead of night upon the ma-
ra.ixder% when, id addition to the multitude slain by
llie âTitM êeBej^ in the pamso-êimfe^
%r the ^rip^ê? lei^* m tbîr ilight over the $teep
lava clifi*s, perished in the deep waters of ikt
briny basin.
The schooner, although riding safely at anchor
near the western extremity, was altogether con-
cealed by precipitous walls that towered above her
raking masts, and kept the party in uncertainty of
her mif^* Qm^mg M^Mm valley of MarmorisOj
with gaping fimteg^ !road ttpftied %

ha^tie ône, which lir«P^gbt &g«&
xipon the whde surrounding tomttjj and here one
H 2
100 mm mmr salt lajsm.
solitaiy pêlte I>3(*o^^^ oii- i^^

^pordied ta a wfom l^wwo. Bto^^ *f
bamn mngigy mwm^î. mth Iteaixi of Wa blocks,
and its foot ornamented with many artificial piles,
marking deed^ af |>lood, the lofty conical peak of
Jebel Seedro rose presently to sight, and not long
afterwards the far-famed Lake Assdl, surrounded by
dancing mirage, was seen sparkling at its base.
Tfee &mt glimpse of tbe strange phenomenon,

al&c»i^b mm-^ttW^ pleasing. An elHp-
êiS with smooth water of the deepest cmttMiîi

hJm^ and half mth a solid sheet of ghtt^*ii3g;#naW-'
white salt, the offspring of evaporation — girded on
three sides by huge hot-looking mountains, which
dip their bases into the very bowl, and on the
fourth by crude half-formed rocks of lava, broken
tiid4W^4 Jbj^ iii^'moBt uijHrtelligible ehasms^ — it
-0. very unfinished piece of wor^* Bei^ ^îafee

vegetation and of animal life, the appearance of the
wilderness of land and stagnant water, over which
a gloomy silence prevailed, and which seemed a
temple for ages consecrated to drought, desolation,
a.nd BtmHifrM^^^^ to depress the spirit of
every bîd^jlfeft figgtod Ife^^ on th^ mt% ti@fe
of llberlake, like feu-âyi^ êit, lagr im^^^lfeGf Tbjr 16
3ja?0l||§'e|: #ie fierce sky was without a cloud, and the

m^rj mmr like a bîJl of metal at a white heat, rode
mi
1mmxi^m% la ^ Wm$ of ito^fiif% refulgence,
strainingi)i#m of -fii^ Msl&tf myfarer, by tlie hot

sulphury mountains that encircled the still, hollow,
basin. A white foam on the shelving shore of the
dense water, did contrive for a brief moment to
deceive the eye with an appearance of motion and
fluidity ; but the spot, on more attentive observa-
^m^t €3^^ y^maJi^dt. mMlianged —^ <r5rs$fell$ed
AU' the te#^tis rmi^ wdtm^ otêt teîlt, ba-

S^tie lava, and amygdaloid, the sun, waxing
momentarily more intensely powerful, was reflected
with destructive and stifling fervour from slates
of snow-white sea-limestone borne on their tops.
Still elevated far above the level of the ocean, a
number jfessil shells, of species wir- e^stSliotj wai^
of a volcano, situated on the high basaltic range

above, whence the lava stream had been disgorged
through apertures burst in the rocks, but which
had re-closed after the violence of the eruption had
subsided.
Pafdrx, ai^d bwfcm 4mmi ^^Mmm mm
from the road, usually coEteiA^ u^^pMm^ ^rf
"V^Bim în ite rodfey pdcjl, /hu* hwJtog been
long drained to the drej^j- il oflfered no temptation
to halt. Another most severe and trying declivity
had therefore to be overcome, ere the long and
H 3
102 irfisÔM ijosnm
sultry march was at an end. It descended by craggy
precipices many hundred feet below the level of the
sea^ m the sandy plai(L-<^ Mooja, m i^ki
the g^tetts^fefiii<rf^^ ^^Citmsfetoce^* * had already

been sOM^ ljiptirs esconced under the leafless branches
of one poor scrubby thorn, which afforded the only
screen against the stifling blast of the sirocco, and
the merciless rays of the refulgent orb over-head.
AdyU, a deep mysterious cavern at the further
extremity of the plain, is believed by the credi&iia;
to be the shaft leading to ^ îsJsit^^c^^
extends to thf head %obat el Etoi^^.
D^ni, most e^peiffe systematic of liars, even
went so far as to assert that he had seen through
it the waters of the bay, although he admitted it
to be the abode of gins and efreets,'' whose voices

are heard throughout the night, and who carry off
the mLwmf ttaîite to him wiliiQut m-
camel to fall behiik^l^le.-iiai^^fclsîEbti, and, when sought

by his comrades, was no-where to be found, jaoftwith-
standing that his spear and shield had remained
untouched. No tidings of the missing man having
been obtained to the present hour, he is believed by
his disconsolate friends to have furnished a meal to
the glut isx Adyli ; but it mi^m mot improl^Tjfe
THE OUTCAST ADRUSI. 100
tB4tîiia lbett03! due to las fefea MgH be aff<^ded

hf tie AdrusJy m outcast clan of iJie Debeni,
acknowledging no chief, though recognising in
some respects the authority of the Sultdn of Ta-
jiira, and who wander over the country for evil,
from Sagdllo to the Great Salt Lake.

Foul-mouthed vampires and ghouls were alone
wtoting to comply Imw^VB of this accursed
#Me world. A 4aa^|!iat|o stench, impeding

respiration, arose from the saline exhalations of
the stagnant lake. A frightful glare from the
white and limestone hillocks threatened de-
salt
struction to the vision and a sickening heaviness

;
mtlijtle^^ atmosphere, mbm0sA mthm thtt
sion during the entire day. Tim ^ irm fniSOied,

the sky sparkled, and columns of burning sand,
which at quick intervals towered high into the
dazzling atmosphere, became so illumined as to
appear like tall pillars of fire. Crowds of horses,
by |l^0'iire «rf iSm ^km^m

climate, to share the only bush ; and obstinately
disputing with their heels the slender shelter it
afforded, compelled several of the party to seek

refiige in noisome caves formed along the foot of
H 4
104 THE LOT NOT CAST IN PLEASANT PLACES.
the range by fallen masses of volcanic rock, which

had become heated to a temperature seven times in
excess of a potter's kiln, and fairly baked up the
marrow in the bones. Verily! it was ''an evil
place," that lake of salt : was " no place of seed,
it
nor of figs, nor yet of vines no, nor even of pome-

;
granates ; neither was there any water to drink."

105
mAMXJh Stri^lfERINGS IN THE PATOEmOKlOT OF

BAHR ASSili,
indeed irere iM suSferiiigs iaat sfe^re h^th. for Men

and beast. Not a drop of fresh water existed
TO^n Bailee ;
and, notwithstanding that
every human precaution had been taken to secure
a supply, by means of skins carried upon camels, the
very great extent of most impracticable country to
lue traversed, which hgyj tmîFoidably led to the
deteti^m i^t n^lf M^ itMdl t» lie BMmlty of
of burning thirst, rendered the provision quite in-

sufficient ; and during the whole of this appalling
day, with the mercury in the thermometer standing
at 126° under the shade of cloaks and umbrellas
in a suffiDcatingPandemonium, depressed five hun-
dred and seventy 1^ below the ocean, wh^^ no
zephyr fann^J' t|s^ fm^^^^ toi wkm^ tM.0^Bm
wm most^p^ftd to
the eyes ; where the farnace-lite vapour exhaled,
almost choking respiration, created an indomitable
thirsty and not the smallest shade or shelter existed,
106 IHBOHl^TABIiI} THIBST.
iflWalt# Isfliugbs of tike solteiy fcrf^ lecafei% or,
worse Stffly feji: Mack blocks of heated lava, it was

oialj practicable, during twelve tedious hours, to
supply to each of the party two quarts of the most
mephitic brick -dust -coloured fluid, which the
direst necessity could alone have forced down
the parched throat, and which, after all, far from
alleviating ser^^
thirst, m»^^^Mf mg^
its itts^p^rt^Hte horrom
B is totte t-tei.Mî5^ feaviiig €b; ribom trf India,
the party had gradually been in training towards a

disregard of dirty water — a circumstance of rather
fortunate occurrence. On board a ship of any
description the fluid is seldom very clean, or very
plentiful. At Cape Aden there was little per-
ceptible different betwkt th^ Bm ym^t m& #ta
imm feeing fe^ro^ hx jgp^tjr by ifhe

of the new skins in which it was ISiânsferred from
the only well and now, in the very heart of the
;
scorching Tehdma, when a copious draught of aqua

pura seemed absolutely indispensable every five
minutes, to secure further existence upon earth,
the detestable mixture that was at long int^rvtls
produced, is&^ tlie very acm^
of afoîlBSt^^ lîBsh Mdes ^tlf^^ imta ifm
rank he-goat, besmeared inside as well as ottt with
pld tallow and strong bark tan, filled from an im-
pto6 well at SagiUo^ tossed^ tumbled, and shaken
BEVERAGE TO ASSUAQE IT* 107
days under a strong distilling heat — poured out an

amalgamation of pottage of which the individual
ingredients of goat's hair, rancidmutton fat, as-
tringent bark, and putrid water, were not to be
distinguished. It might be smelt at the distance
^ t^nty yards, yet all, native JEtiropean,

were strugghng and quap^lfe^fOf II ta.^^ the
rôipe-. Tire otest-faDm mtft^ ^h€^^ had ixot irtmst-
med th^ ^ôracked lips during two entire ^fa^^

crowding around the bush, thrust their hot noses
into the faces of their masters, in reproachful in-
timation of their desire to participate in the filthy
but tantalising decoction ; and deterred with diflS.-
culty from draining the last dregs, they ran franticly

with Ojpm Ktotths ^ se^k mM^^^ of ^^dt mk-
3^ch, like those of GooTbut el Kharab, were so
intensely salt, as to ereate mmvtmg of the lips if
tasted.
Slowly flapped the leaden wings of Time on th^tt
dismal day. Each weary hour brought a grievous

accession, but no alleviation, to the fearful torments
enSur^ St^jôft 0. ih^ atmosphere mi-
Tmt no mim a;rrived; a&d the m%^B despotic do-

minion on the meridian, appeared to know no ter-
mination. At four o'clock, when the heat was

nothing abated, distressing iatelligence was re-
108 mm Of itm ^tm^^s^*^
^Ted that one of the seamen, who jjmring tib^|i?e-
ita^fling night had #t ca|rt!m of tit

^mmtôPmm^ fern <^|>ut E EharAh^ had
t^tifeett3liia6(^5?1)^^ hia way, ^(mld bo- where be found
— the gunner, with six men, having long l^m^foJlj
searched the country side for their lost messmate,
but to no purpose. Abroo, the son of whom old
Aboo Bekr was justly proud, and who was indeed
the flower of his tribe, immediately volunteered to go
in quest cî^ ifif^ng sailor, m£h^ ambSequently
3!fetoL]êd the: ^êerfio^ |#i^toe^ ibat his
efforts had hem cT<mw^ m%
itiêess- Oreu-
whelmed by heat and thirst, the poor fellow, unable
to drag his exhausted hmbs further, had crept for
shelter into a fissure of the heated lava, where he
had soon sunk into a state of insensibihty. Water,
and the use of a lancet, with which the young
plorib^ j^^tjr hgtdbêii if^teed suspended

ftiîîief^^
â^^tloii' suffimm1%^^^ M'MMi-0i^^ himg

C5^^êd!o|l^ board the Constance" alive; but, alas!
he never reached Tajura; neither did one of the
brave tars who sought their lost comrade under
the fierce rays of the sun, nor indeed did any of
the adventurous expedition, escape without feeling,
in after severe illness, the unwholesome influence
ni^m ^bB 4^to^tlbtt1io!n of that wMte wd
howltog :«rildeme^
But the longest day iia^st dm^ mi^ tlm
gr$at Imniiiary b?fcd at leiigth tm Mb
jk mmMB immmms , 10 9
tyrannies iSîing ei£m Mîxg Qf Imi^.

mxiî wmwi^ •'witE %0 pm^^$ tire arngge^
defile of Eah Eesah, were with infinite difficulty
urged down the last steep declivity, and at lolig
intervals, as the shadows lengthened, made their
tardy appearance upon the desert plain ; those
carrying water, tents, and the greater portion of
the provisions most required, being nevertheless
dowii, shorn of Mi h0k£m(m ray. Hhe dtoQpmg
departure from so fearful a spot. The commander

of the friendly schooner, which h^ proved of such
inestimable service, but whose protecting guns
were at length to be withdrawn, shortly set out on
his return to the vessel with the last despatches
from tjie Embassy, after bidding itB members a
$ml f#3^well j. ia odr^ *0 tii^sm water, any
li^jîti? %pi#«.#<^ ^ Mm% ImM imî^
the^ ffi&iflfefcjim <iiilm whole partyi m ikm
to escape from the pestilential exhalations of th^^
desolate lake, which, as well during the night as
during the day, yielded up a blast like that curhng
from a smith's forge — withering to the human
frame — was resolved as an unavoidable alter-
it
iiative,, iQ leaw #e baggage to its fate, and to the
t<^j^|rmer<ji^$ af^gui?i^«#.^^ pushing

farmsc^ e^êditioitisly ai pos^1i;eî^€bD%ât<6^^
a cleft in the |fa#t jbotod the opposite
ahoire, wherein water was faaowa to be abundant.
110 VOLCANIC OEIGIN OF BAHR ASSAl.
fmmit to this t^ramtfeHft^ JEmtopean

mmtt^ mth the servants, followers, horses, and
mules, were held in readiness to march so soon as
the moon should rise above the gloomy lava hiUs,
sufficiently to admit of the path being traced which
leads beyond the accursed pjîncts of a spot, fitly
t^resting in a geologioal point of view, its over-

whelming and paralysing heat precluded all possi-
bility of minute examination, and thus researches
were of necessity confined to the general character

of the place. Latitude, longitude, and level were
however accurately determined*, and many were
Ib^tiM ventured, to accoTjuat for ijMSUal- a m
pheiioia'^lW^ Obviously the i-emlfe^ earfcfap#%0
aiid iol^^^ er^q^'îon —a ohasos toieited into ex-
i^tiîice by
Th* infuriate Mil tHt ifc jriiî^dJame*"
Dame Nature must indeed have been in a most

afflicting thô^ i<) bave giveii T&irth to a progeny so
i®(mst*0Timi liimm INiiig m locality to wM<^ the

mmi ^tf mvM asmgn m%M thai ^ver feoa-e
tMia0 of wealth 0t h^ population, little doubt

can exist that the sea must have been repelled far
from its The oviform figure of
former boundaries.
the bowl, hemmed in on three sides by volcanic
mountains, and on the fourth by sheets of lava, would
* These will be found in the Appendix^ No^ L

SPECULATIONS UPON FUTURE CHANGES. Ill
at th^ first ghmm indfcate the site of an exteiisi^^

crater, whose cone having fallen into a subterranean
abyss, had given rise to the singular appearance
witnessed.But it is a far more probable hypothesis
that the Bahr Assdl, now a dead sea, formed at
0^m0 Tery remote pasfiod a coirtiiamttoai ^ Hm^
©f Tajii% lajsd wits separated al
Kharib Irf ^ stream of lava m& iiês htî% M
mbsequently upheaved by subterraoaean atctte^îi
Slow forming a barrier, which, from its point
greatest elevation, where the traces of many craters
still exist, gradually slopes eastward towards the
deep waters of the bay, and westward into the
basin of the Salt Lake. Whilst no soundings are
jfeoaS m ih^ i^tuary of Tajiira, Goobut el Kharltb
hiad^^ mi »i!£b@% i^wh^ tfee de-

pression of the lake to have been formei% jOj^^rte-
spondent therewith, one hundred and twenty feet

may be assumed as its present depth. To this it
has been reduced by the great annual evaporation
that must take place — an evaporation decreasing
every year m tJbte Ît soiation becomes more in-
teti^y ^<mmi^^^t and evift^d Jbf iê saline
height on the face lîjie circumjaceiaf-^Pteks.

In the lapse of years, should the present order of
things continue undisturbed from below, the water
will probably disappear altogether, leaving a field
112 "V4XLE)Y OF THE SHADOW OP DEATH."
washid from the adjacent mountains, will
him mk t^teotmve dap6t for the supply of Dandkil

generations yet unborn ; and the shocks of earth-
quakes being still occasionally felt in the neighbour-
hood, it seems not improbable — to carry the specu-
lation still further — ^that Goobut el KharAbj divided
only by Mm^'W -Êcp^ fym §m- Bl^^ ^ Tajura,
tm^. -of âmf -^mmw^^-. ht^ m la^% am mq.
salt
material âspect disiimila^r from the Bahr Assal —
another worthy typf of the Yalley of the Shadow of
Death,
113
mBMAh NIGHT-MARCH ALONG THE INHOSPITABl^B

SHORES OE THE GREAT SALT LAKE.
ia^'ihe moon dippdL hm iSmt flit^tefiig
and l^tei ii^sMti^ <jEjfe i)3PSdi^^^

slirouded in gloomy obscurity, than a loud war-cry
from the adjacent heights echoed the assembly to
arms, and the shrill blast of the Adaiel conch
summoned all to the rescue. Abandoning his occu-
pation, each stalwart warrior seized spear and
Tbuckler, wIh# Imd im%khM aît wlil§« ilte
in. tii€ 'te^ o^f tafel^^ fife caêl$ for &e aipproacli*
toAvardsth^ ipot whence the alarm proceeded.

The Europeans, springing from their brokei^ slum-
bers on the parched sands, stood to their arms. A
long interval of silence and suspense succeeded,
which was at last relieved by the return of Moham-
mad All, one of wki^ fcsSlta Jiftd taifdrtianately
#|4dteB l^li its iMîCt #êr # tl^p precipice,
B^t^fj^ &#ffl[tlay but precioTO aoateiita #f

thli^j^ ipil — m irrepw$tele eatastraplie whmk Imd
'
114 THE RUTHLESS " BED MAN."
fetotfe a lostfl^ Îhm^ ii0 wild Bedomn

clans.
Of two roads which lead to Goongoonteh from

the shores of the dreary Bahr Assal, one skirts the
margin of the lake by a route utterly destitute of
fresh water whilst the other, although somewhat
;
imm dmia^mm^ 0m&w^ Mm
pitcher of the fainting waylai^^ may be t^fiP^d^

On finally quitting the bivouac under the scraggy
boughs of the dwarf acacia, where the tedious and

most trying day had been endured — which each of
the half- stifled party did with an inward prayer
that it might never fall to his lot to seek their
j^gfet slioali Wk0^:tmMJm!B it^^ wged

adopts* ^^
the intolerant Mohammadan from Shoa, who liad

accidentally been found starving at Ambabo, and been
since daily fed by the embassy — " what matters it
if all these Christian dogs should happen to expire

of thirst? Lead the Kafirs by the lower road, or,
Allahu akbar^ God is most powerful, if the waters
Xlf tie W# 3P?<3f^ Ip^^ wMt it to become of the
BatiKe; %mm% ihh son of iJi Jt^M f

warmed to a more humane ^nd. ic^bfeiriteMa^ &0J^,
than th^ stony hârt of the red wmJ' With life
WILD MOONLIGHT SCENERY. 115
hand upon the hilt of his creese,. Jite g'ôi?^ ôaE

upon the sacred Kordn to take the upper path, and
stoutly led the way, in defiance of all, after Izhdk
and the ruthless bigots in his train had actually
entered upon a route, which the event proved must
have involved the destruction of all less mmêd
menced the steep ascent of the ridge of volcanic

hills which frown above the south-eastern boundary
of the fiery lake. The searching north-east wind
had scarcely diminished in its parching fierceness,
and in hot sufi'ocating gusts swept fitfully over the
Ttea4 gEt^!^ldng expaiisie G£ yr4t^t mSi salt wh^^n
iSi^^ modfct shone brightly—,iesa<lk deadly pufif fue-
eaedfd ^îBxi^$ ifch^t foretell^ % t^c^t&d htcr-

timxx^ — an absolute even of the smallest
ruffling of the close atmosphere. Around, the
prospect was wild, gloomy, and unearthly, beetling
and jagged slabs of shattered larva
basaltic cones
the children of some mighty trouble forming —
scenery the most shadowy and ^travagant. A
chaos of ruineS 0tofeh# m& e^thediârls, eedgahs^
tower^j TOoiwtnêwtey 1^ like the ruiM'^l a
iitemi3li#ei| W0tli^ gl^êfl to have been confusedly

tossed together Ijy 'Sie same volcanic throes, that
when the earth was in labour, had produced the
phenomenon below and they
; shot their dilapidated
spires into the molten vault of heaven^ in a fantastic
X 2
116 INCESSANT CRY FOR WATJER.
and perj^^^d the heated brain. The path, winding

along the 0!p0St of the ridge, over sheets of broken
lava, was rarely of more than sufficient width to
admit of progress in single and the livelong
file ;
hours, each seeming in itself a century, were

spent in scrambhng up the face of steep rugged
frecipices, where tlie moon glea^^cL upoii tte
blfeîiiiig sêwjof Mmm mmSi that liad j^m^d
mâal te^^ iasfc-- #[e:Djea ^gîri to d^s<5feiid ^
ihe imminent peril of life and limb, into yawning
chasms and dark arbjssses^ th% foi^bidding vestigeg of
bygone volcanic agency.
The horrors of that dismal night set the efforts
of description at defiance. An unlimited supplj of

w^ler in prospect, at ih^ S&fete^^ of toly- ^fe^
:i:^s, liad Mel bropft ii^ tW
totter further, his ridfer contrived manfully to

breast the steep hill on foot. But owing to the
long fasting and privation endured by all, the
limbs of the weaker soon refused the task, and after
the first two miles, they dropped fast in the rear.
Fanned by the fiery blast of lim .iS^WgM
Mroeeo^ the cry for Btt#rei m§i mth.
SliletiH^ 1^ UmhmB^ «jf • ^êM tlii^l^ now
l)e<$a;ineM^$ant ; and the suj)ply ctf that precious
element brotight for the whole party falling short
of one gallon ^nd a half^. it was not lon^ to be
TORTUEES OF THIRST. 117
ment assuaging the burning thirst wlii# imaged in

the yitals, and consumed some of the more down-
hearted, again raised their drooping souls ; but its
effects were transient, and after strugghng a few

steps, overwhelmed, they sunk again, with husky
voice declaring their days to be numbered, and
titiently expired v§m f hmm md^ im&m

that oii^ Sbmtj Bdtog^ tmabtB f^ten exhitmiioja
to rally, were reluctantly abandoned to their fete j
whilst the lioi^-heaiNted soldi^j who had bravied
death at the cannon's mouth, subdued and un-
manned by thirst, finally abandoning his resolution,
lay gasping by the way side, and heedless of the
exhortation of his officers, hailed approaching disso-
llrflto miik d^^^ as bringing th^^mnitiajidte -^f
torMr^^s irMeli not to <^ti*e^
IViiilst many 4t tb© escort iMmtem
thm tmayoidably left stretched Avith open mouths
along the road, in a state of utter insensibility,
and apparently yielding up the ghost, others,
pressing on to arrive at water, became bewildered
in the intricate mazes of the wide wilderness, and
t^cOYm^ il with #e i^tei^si WMqult^. As another
day 4awn^d, iim^ ^nn^ t^/Bxmi ^mi w^Mr
shor^ df l?P$jich the tortuous path was fast ten^m^
the courage of jill who had hitherto borne
against fatigue and anxiety began to i3ag. A dim-
I S
118
ii^SS3îi(}LeM^^*^ôwsy eyes, gid4iii^& ^P?ed

tte ifctid #0 MI % tbe
guides, of qix^lictoiiig thirst immediately in advance,
seeming like the tantalising delusions of di!©amj
Jmd well nigh lost its magical effect when, as the ;
spirits of the most sanguine fainted within them,

a wild Bedouin was perceived, like a delivering
angel from above, hurrying forward with a large
^ri filled with muddy ymim This most wisl'^bti:^
supply, ofej^M lgt^^^
he had taken forcible possession in defiance of t3lB

impotent threats of the ruthless " red man,'^ was
sent to the rear. It admitted of a sufficient quantity
being poured over the face and down the parched
throat, to revive every prostrate and perishing suf-
ferer; toct %. l^te hour, ghastly, haggard, and

esdb^sted^ i^n yrho Jiad e^cajped fyma ©10
deat|i>#pBt wlt^^ eonMTed to straggle
irtto a camp, wiSch, but for the foresight IffSi-
JmB of the son of Ali Abi, few individuals iadeed
of the whole party would have reached alive.
A low range of limestone hillocks, interspersed
with strange masses of coral, and marked by a
piUar like that of Lot, encloses the well of Hanle-
w|k^.-^0E imiB 0lbtêd a shield full of
wmm l^ the glittimflg ^
eStmds about two mUm tte brixik
119
Soiled and mossy near the margin, the dull crys-

tallised salt appears to rest upon an earthy bottom ;
but it soon becomes lustrous and of a purer colour,

and floating on the surface of the dense water, like
B TOiigh coarse sheet of ice, irregularly cracked, is
tliiag sno w whMi km

biit iî^k jâi^ ^ê, letll tom^, ^
the impress of the foot. A well trodden path ex-
tends through the prismatic colours of the rainbow,
by the longitudinal axis of the ellipse, to the north-
eastern extremity of the gigantic bowl, whence the
purest salt is obtainable in the vicinity of several
cold springs, said i& omt up large pebbles on thfh
jet, through tli* elhe)(?eal fete liFat^siv
of Bedouin salt-diggers, busily loading their camels

for markets of Aussa and Abyssinia, where it
forms an article of extensive traffic and barter.

Two other basins of a similar stamp, but inferior
extent, no great distance to the
which exist at
northward, are styled " UUoor' and " Dus/' The
Ite^^ pirodi3:#ig salt 4^^^
IviBtmi m prefeff^ %r JtoiMt«> "bm^^ from
wkm'^ ^îgg^^ M m iKSt mom mtmM iSom
Dob% they tei*ni tfc% Bsili?? Assal, the right to
fjpequent which is asserted Exclusive privilege
by the Dandkil, who for centuries have actually
held the monopoly undisputed. Tra»nsferred in bulk

i4
120 ESCAPE FROM PURGATORY.
in long narrow mat bags, wrought of the date leaf,

it :fe fxehanged for slav^ grain, and not only
forms, as in other climes, one of the chief neces-

saries of life, but possesses a specific value for the
rock salt of the north, which, cut into rectangular

blocks, passes as a circulating medium*
A ôiid low of hills, gypsmmm^ ^1^^
0tie^^#ed bj liiiestom ovet^tretrtd y^îm-
bocildets^ &mm
"kt^ m^^n
brok of the molten sea,
têns into a mountain ravine. Taking its
BOurce at Allooli, the highest point of the Gollo

range, this torrent strives to disembogue into the
extremity of the lake, although its waters seldom
ariive so far, save during the rainy season. The
high baâltfc eBl^ ti^t hejxi ixk tM pebbly channel,
approximatmg in the upjpfir*^^^ this^y mmm^
raSpamg ^mtk
first greeted the eye of the
pijîms since leaving the shores of Jî^, trickled
onwards, leaving bright limpid pools, sui^rounded by
brilliant sward.
Bowers, for ever green, enlivened by the me-

lodious warbling of the feathered creation, and the
serene and tempei'g.'fe aif (rf the^vejfdant meadows of
Elysium, were a|jBeii* fi?omthte'^^^ spot, bstit
wâi^ ente?^ feelings ^^ ht *ke ifl^j^fia^nt
mmp^ feoto hciirrot^; oifnt0mfM gates of

Paradise ; and under the shade cast by the over-
hanging cliffs, which still warded off the ^ti^x$
A EUNNING BROOK.
rap Of the ascen($Ei^ with tKai^lil

ili^îfr. wsts
hearts that the exhausted party, afi^ ^^- terors of
such a night, turned their backs upon the deadly-
waters of the stagnant lake, to quaff at the delicious
rivulet of Goongoonteh an unlinaited quantity of
cool though brackish fluid.
M&t$ terminated the dreary passage of the dire
T-^k^§m^ —m l^m^m^ âste, which, at tim m-
almost overwhelming in th^ path of th'^ traveller.

Setting aside the total absence of water and forage
throughout a burning tract of fifty miles — ma-
its
nifold intricate mountain passes, barely wide enough

to admit the transit of a loaded camel, the bitter
airitxiosity of the w:M l^loadthirsty tribes by which
th^ are infestedj #S w^fom Ib^dmess of ijtm
roaly If tpad M ts^j be teKoae^, ^mfwimm I^b^
witla thehuge jagged blocks of HiFa, and inte^^ted
by perilous acclivities and descents —
it is no exag-
geration to state, that the stifling sirocco which

sweeps across the unwholesome salt flat during the
hotter months of the year, could not fail, within
eight and forty hour% to iiîmf th^ hmî&mt Btt^
vo^mn a^r^ptitom Som^ idea ^ jiaaafn^ti^
of tMs tierrifelw r^lm may b^ dmv^d^from ^he faet
of fifty pounds of well packed spermaceti candles,
having, during the short journey from Taj lira, beea
so completely melted out of the box as to be reduced
to a mere bundle of wicks. Even the Dandkil,
122 RETKOSPECT OF THE TEhImA.
who from early boyhood have been accustomed to

traverse the burning lava of the Tehdma, never
speak of it but in conjunction with the devouring
element, of whose properties it partakes so liberally,
and when alluding to the Lake of Salt, invariably
designate it " Fire."
Its
CHAP. XVI.
AFFLICTING CATASTROPHE AT GOOI^^GOOIirTEH.
Gd9ir0dP03iie:&H, a deep gloomy zig-zagged fissure,

o£ very Bimitm^ ^mm4xmj h iemmed in by
y ^"^^ ^^^^^^^^^ walls, intersected 1by^4yk6s
crff |)0j^liyry, augitic greenstone and pist^%, with
decomposed sulphate of iron, all combining to impart
a strangely variegated appearance. Scattered and

inclined in various directions, although towering
almost perpendicularly, they terminate abruptly in
a rude pile of rocks and hiUs, through a narrow
9*perti>rs m iMdi fte to halting
gr0ôid where tlie i^fjit tiêfti^ Bource^
attlkif off # a%le ^Mf^
Huge prostrate blocks of porphyry and basalt,
which have been launched from the impending
scarps, and now reduce the channel to this narrow
passage, are in places so heaped and jammed toge-
ther by some mighty agency, as to form spacious
cmd leoBXffiodifi^ <5avems. In thf^mmj season espe-
tOmm to the myftêri ^d no tût ^^Pifvlnjg until

late the follQwing ^y, the re-assembled party were
fain to have recourse to them for shelter against tte
fierce hot blast from the Salt Lake, which^ unre-
124 A DAY PASSED IN THE CAVES.
ifliifeg & lis ik^ pe^jemiam, bow

up ih^ ravine. But the rocks soon became too hd^f
to be touched with impunity, and the oblique rays
of the sun, after he had passed the meridian, darting
through every aperture, the caves were shortly
converted into positive ovens, in which the heat, if
possible, wî^ -mftre intofe^'fefe than ever.
tMfe tfca^B% Urn^ wm^m
'iôm iiiiv^n€1^6^ i^toi^ a. luxU^dut iuffily of
wafter to be obtained from the living rill which
murmured past the entrance, and although raised
to the temperature of a thermal spring by the direct
influence of the solar rays, and withal somewhat
brackish to the taste, it was far from being pro-
nounced unpalatable.
that the lieighbourhood afforded
c$ one half of the camels, no tliiî ft-om the ex-
haustion of many of the party, to halt a day in the

hot unhealthy gully and this delay afforded to the
;
treacherous creese of the lurking Bedouin an oppor-

tunity of accomplishing that which had only been
^^êd by drought &iiaine. The guides
otôeSairf stron^^ io^ tla^ *o^p€^«L #1$ caves
a£tej^ axigtojMj^ o^^ of tbfe "m&^meixmBng
parties of Eaâh and Ittttl^^ Igr^wtei t^be
is infested, every cê, -gg. .a measure of precaution,
slept in the open air among the baggage, half a mile

lower down the riwxne, where the earavan had
GLOOMY BIVOUAC. 125
halted. Tim ^to3y ted of fee stir^fedi wm

—
aaiôw, and the cliffs^ broken for a short distance
da eittier side into hilloeks of large distinct boulders
— again resumed their consistency after an interval
of one hundred yards, and enclosed the camp in
a deep gloom.
The straitened figure of the bivouac rendered it
impossible to make arrangements with much regu-

larity in tieif^toj)^^ ^lie lM;jrîîfere. p^tetteS
in the ceirtire of the ravme. The EOTdfieto mm^^
oeicupied a position betwixt them and the northetix
j^ld^j md the scanty beds of the ofiicers of the party
were spread close to the southern bank. A strong
picket of the Dandkil was placed a little distance in
advance; and, in addition to the numerous other
l|]|tive guards in varioit^s quarters, the wsual pre-
seaatoy, irlK)$e'beat fxtenSied ^he kdgthrrflih^ front

of the encampment,. Old Izhdk slept close to the
b€fjis of the embassy, and, evidently in a state of

considerable trepidation, solaced himself until a late
hour by recounting bloody tales of murder and
assassination, perpetrated, within his knowledge, by
the immidM SmS/fym Imm^g the rmim #
#(^fi^f)€mlgh^ is^^^ Idiig tfe higji »ad to the
Lake^ fomw the i*e^t of EimetoM ei41 im-
posed ruffians, who are evet? <m the -p'owl cut
throats, and to do mischief.
The first night, although awfully oppressive
from the heat exhaled from the baked ground, and
1^6 MIDNIGHT ALARM-
the abseme^ trf mrm %M Jft^^

qixie% j^pK^tgli^ mi ît^ mmAer grillij^
which seemed no termination, spcaat
to have
within the caverns, the same nocturnal arrange-
ment as before was observed with undiminished
precaution. An
hour before midnight a sudden
and violent sirocco scoured the wady, the shower
of dmt and pebM^ tdmS, Ibf its hot: HJ^tj/feiiig
iiw dmth*
sjf
'
Tim mmm rdse sM^ly
afterwards, and about two o'clock a wild Irish yell,
which startled the whole party from their fitful
slumbers, was followed by a rush of men, and a

clatter of hoofs, towards the beds of- the Embassy.
Every man sprang instinctively on his feet, seized
a gun, of which two or three lay loaîd
each, atid s*$,tttlttg on M$ p&m: %llit l^^pom
$Ss£Sali?tts. Fortunate was it that no luckless

savage, whether Mend or foe, followed in the dis^
orderly retreat, or consequences the most appalling
must inevitably have ensued; but the white legs
of half-naked and unarmed artillerymen having
passed at speed, were followed only by a crush of
hq^âii^Bcipfe iSmk hai tetPStâi ihmr pickets*
So <50BP|iIete "Wm th^ '^^^^mm^ by a mjideti stta^rt
fymi d^p $le^ #
wilii^ss ika vmlxmMm of the
murderous- tal<6^ of midnight aisassination which
had been poured into their ears, that the flying
soldieryj who in the battle field had Siên oomrades
COLD-BLOODED MURDEIIS. 12?
fall tifek iKmiOLi 'thi9En,-md iPi^teieî^ dgalh iji a

ôusand terrific forms, were rallied witli difficulty.
But a panic is of short duration if officers perform
their duty, and the word Halt !
" acted like magic
upon the bewildered senses of the survivors, who,
falling in, formed line behind the rifles.
Hwrying to the spot which they had occupied, a

m#ea<3lioly anH ^stessiug îght pre^ted it^^.
A serg^t mA^xSf^rpOTallay W0l^
luih which their scanty beds were deeply stained^
and both were in the last agonies of death. One
had been struck with a creese in the carotid artery
immediately below the ear, and the other stabbed
through the heart; whilst speechless beside their man-
gled bodies was stretched a Portuguese follower, with
a MgMfal g«^* ^mi^ -fe abdomen, wimm: Ho^
babiHtgP itering this act of cold-blooded murder,

and attempting to give the alarm, he had received
a fatal slash as the dastards retreated ; but almost
instaneous death had followed each previous blow
of the creese, which, whilst the back of the sentinel
was turned, had been dealt with mi^^ un-
erring preciÔflv
ment the was &st raised, crossing the lower

al^rni
gorge of the ravhie, and absconding towards the
hills which bounded the further extremity of the
camp, were promptly pursued by Mohammad Ali

and his band of followers, who had seized spear and
128
moon shone b:d[gikt;, and' i?fee 0tM?s i^ni3te4 m !fcbe
cfea* firmament, the broken and stony na^W '^f

the ground facilitated the escape of the miscreafi^s-
under the deep shadow cast by the overhanging
mountains, where objects could not be distin-
guished.
This afflicting catastrophe gave birth in the
hvmU^ ^ to a by no unmteai fe|Ii% ^
*
mlf m tb iiM^ aHKtf^ Ito ako
tkeir intention to afford protection. The Europ#i1l
party had lain down in full and entire confi^denee^
only to be aroused by the perpetration of this most
diabolical and fiendish deed ; and although those
who had been so fortunate as to escape might, now
that^ they had become aware of the easting peril,
ik^&j^ theie mti Mm^y yet m<^ m altei^stiêj

lijtTditof MmSmmmt^ of all ib^ gownxniii^
property in charge, was far itmx being mm$ll&%
Upon after investigation, however, it appeared pro-
bable, as well from the evil character borne by the
gloomy ravine, from the numberless murders
as
known to be annually committed under similar cir-
cumstances of wanton atrocity amongst the native
MMi^ e0 llmt m party of the EeaaB So-
mauK, |ahaHt»rtta ^ A|>posite c<3â# îQ^S^feSt
el Khardb, buiwlio, to kmii0i^ iUm
for human Hood, are in the haMt of making fre-
'|uent ineurdons into the country of the Dandkil^
ASSASSINATION AT A il^JiltJM- 1M
1i^ :8$imeft |iie opportunity aflfoicid^d hj the absence
i#^sâtiy<at the h^^k^ mi^mMf ^ )m^M%
to steal unperceiveit the inumbrated bank of
the hollow, and p^âte the dastardly and cold-
blooded outrage.
No attempt to plunder appeared as an excuse for
the Satanic crime, and the only object doubtless
was aoqtn^tibn that barteong esisitiixkaMon
iifetinction whi<$li is only to fe^ lia^âi at

^0&0k fteods of ^ms^âlion md Moed,
evetf victim., sleeping or waking, that falls under
the murderous knife of one of these fiends in human
form, he is entitled to display a white ostrich plume
wear on the arm an additional
in the woolly hair, to
bracelet of copper, and to adorn the hilt of his
reeking ^t^^ witfc y# w^x:0m Mad of sife^ or
|st#tier—1^ tepu*^lip3i f0t fa?oires^ îndifor bravery
ri^ng amongst bis elansmm an: plEôpwtion to the
atrocity of the attendant circumstances. At per^
petual strife with the Dandkil, although the chiefs
of the tribes are on outward terms of friendship,
and even of alhance, no opportunity is lost of
retaliating upon the mountain Bedouin — every
toi^Mltf ^ »etr blood ^ttd[ omh
Bfe tgtken on si^, being revenged two-fold,
ad infinitum.
Ere the day dawned the mmî^ bodies of the
dead, now stiff and stark, were consigned by their
sorrowing comrades to rude but compact recep-
VOL. I. t
130 OBSBQtiiKS 01* ivbab.
tades of boulder stones — untimely tombs con-
a4dreî5€id thews^y^g^ to ta^, And a dbdrt
lêen iê^âted as the mortal remains of each gallant

fellow, enveloped in a blood-stained winding sheet,
were lowered to their wild resting-place, three
voUies of musquetry, paying the soldier's last
tribute, rang among the dark recesses of the ra-

vine, wh^ Bft**riL^d obsequieji were^ ©OTifcltiW
by scaling the entrM^ tidr the <3^?n^€srf^ jjt
of Satan — still HottblStelS' patching witb ^vage

satisfaction from some inaccessible Cdpanny- —long
suffered their victims to sleep.
In the grave-hke calm of the night, under the
pale light of the wan moon, which only partially
illptrite^ t&e fm^:ml crags that himffied M^
di?tary chmxt^ mi. i^ê iij. gloonxy mm #e
v4#tB of 3^^^M?t^4^ the-sêne -wm immmM. mi
impressive. Mohammad AH, Izhdk, and Hajji Kdsim,
with all their retainers, appeared deeply touched by
the fatal occurrences that had so thinned the ranks
of a party for whose lives they had made them-
selves responsible ; .but they referred the event to
fate ^nd^ tlte Almighty fiat, adding that, although
they were unable imkm^ %m 4mA to or
mio
don^,
tM wM^jh
to:
%j t%0 will of %$mm

thdt own eyes AouM n^v^ dose
M hmlife,
in sleep
FIENDS IN HUMAN FORM. 131
SO long as dangerwas to be apprehended from the

dreaded Eesah, whose only honour and wealth
consists in the number of foul butcheries with
which their consciences are stained, and whom
even savages concur in representing as sanguinary
and ferocious monsters, " fearing neither God nor
Devil."
TBM STRICKEN FOLLOWER DIES. —
CAIRNS OP THE MUE'
DERED. ALLOOLI AND BEDI KURROOF.
itad Bee3i tetiii3#d to xnmch at hm$b% t«f %

jyiool^ ih$ B^wtm ©rf WaSy Soongoonteh ; but tte
absence of several of the camels, wMoli bad gone
aBtray during the nocturnal confusion, caused de-
lay in this den of iniquity until ten o'clock. The
altered deportment of the chiefs meanwhile tended
materially to banish from the mind siispicion
t^mdmJtf , j|fe3*efe)for%. If^h the single exception
#f B^Wî3a# lE^, #11 trnd mUi mMmiif^ or

iilj^Miigl lioiit feffi tfce moment of the late catas-
trophe their manner was visibly changed, and th^
anxiety evinced for the safety of the survivors
under their charge was unremitting. They formed
a circle round the party whensoever seated, and
not a single white trl^t a wcmmH^ suffered
to wmMm^ thdt linattoidtd by a
The wammd of tire unfortunate Portugue^ iaA

beeiipronouneed mortal, and his dissolution was
hourly expected but life still glimmering in the
;
socket, he lingered on with fearful groans, although

FtlNEIlAL BY THE WAYSIDE. 1$$
speechless,and too nearly ins^^l^ ^1^03^0

what had passe(Jt Pl^xjed upon a litter, arranged
as comfortably as circnmstances would permit, the
attempt was made to convey him to the next
ground, but the rough motion of the camel doubt-
less hastened the termination of his sufferings ; and
iit0 wretched late Ibreathipg Ms last ere he had
jotirney^^t mmj tiail^^ f^m^ ih^ mBm 4i Im mB-
road sid% iii a g^mm prepa^red for his
ception.
The last rains having washed away an artificial
bank of stones which had formerly facilitated the

ascent of the difficult and dangerous passage leading
from^GooBgoottteh mto the Wady Kelloo— as the
iapjmrno0ta?&ri^ deii^ —^ Ml^W
hm*r^
wa^ at fit&tr Btaiîaif 4^^€aJKj^ of ihm m
torrent, during which all w^m pm tte afej^. Two
huge pointed rock^ abutting on opposite angles of
the acute zig-zag, reduced it to a traversed waist,
so narrow, that room was only
for the load to pass
afforded when the long-legged dromedary swung
its unwieldy carcass alternately from side to side
stfBpaoteSt # renîrteg it -1^^ fe-
and were unladen i^Bf could regain an erect

befofcllt
position ; whilst others were, with infinite difficulty,

by the united efforts of a dozen drivers, who
manned the legs and tail, saved from being launched
K 3
1S4 WADY KiLLOO-
witiL %hB%t }>m0bm$ tht gtiep of the

descent, which conBist^d of n. têaeherouf pile of
loose rubbish.
To the surprise of every spectator the train
passed through the defile without any material ac-
cident,and thence proceeded to pick their steps
^mmhg the rocks, pools, and Itoma?^, whhk ajjoutki
m every moi^^ iettet whfm M ^Qtb
of "basalt ajid porphyry, of unwholesome sulphury

appearance, beneath which many deep poafe of cool
water had collected, the tortuous road was at in-
tervals enhvened by clumps of the doom pahn,

environed by patches of refreshing green turf
sights from which the eye had long been estranged.
Wme mU.^ of gradual asaeiif brought tli6^ cara^
van safely to thm âcattSpiftf fr<)iiiwi At :6b of
the streamâ^ ^waMp sTirrail,tii#0d1>|^ |>slms
and verdant rushes, occu|g^»^lG^ll feble-land, and
affording abundance of green forage to the fa-
mished cattle. Most fortunately the sky had proved
cloudy, or the march, performed during the hottest
hours of the day, would indeed have been terrific.
Hejice to SagAllo, tlie dismal country is m #0

exclusive occupatioii of a t^tidering race tif %lhi#
Dan^Mi, ^hOf m^tri&^toilmf #iat tlm SuMn of

Tajiira claims the sover^psfe;^ of the entire waste,
only actoowledge hm impotent, authority during
their occasional temporary sojourn among the huts
of that sea-port, The guides asserted,, with many
imprecations, that from time immemorial few kd-
filahs had ever halted at Allooli without losing one
or more of members by the Adriisi creeses, or
its
by those of the Eesah ; aiid on the bank opposite

% tke ^^1®% -eljinip of doom palms, unde? wlê
^^îh^ mmMt^Xii the dî^mif^s^?itti«iiej:'o
e?|p|^% <?€^Btog tff i^^ttl0b?]^le$ §tone, slixiikr
to those left at;0<^ngoonteh to commemorate the
otitrage of the preceding night, stood memorials of
the dark deeds that had been perpetrated.
During about three years the road from Abys-
sinia to the sea coast was completely closed by
itoa*^ M lkm0 itxflto oascteasts, wh^ cottfiimed
tm€t L#i^ Ihe preseiit JkMi of liie tj^feenl, m

young, daring, and warlike chieftain, snceeeding to
the rule on the demise of his father, routed the
banditti after a severe straggle, and re-opened the
route. The Wady Kelloo is, however, stUl perma-
nently infested by parties of wild Bedouins, who
sfcalk about the rocky passers Ite itt irait strag-
glers, "fydm ih^^^f^ jsasînate ^ *ho^ felliEttO'
iiiâ* ia#i^ At^^
jf tolj, yrkm iloae prmtt^,
ftirthergra^fy their savage pMpetosit^j. hf Mm^
gling and mutilating the corse.
" See how marked me,'^
the cowardly scoundrels
exclaimed the fiery old warrior Ibrahim Shehem
Abli, drawing aside his checked kilt, and displaying
ûjidry frightful Seams, whieh IW doubtless be^
the wife of B #aif|> jkmfe* ^* EefioM theê tfêtts
^ 4
136 BLOOD FEUDS.
of Eesah steel upon my thigh ; I received them iii
this wild wady ;

but, by Allah, I had a life for every
one of them. We have a blood feud now, and it
behoves who are not weary of the world, to look

all
well to their own throats."

LmyMng lâsaîl^^ SKa^fted, who prowl a/feomt Kfce
the imdidght tlie ^.iaifel im!m^- d^^n^h
Atjifeiatly )y^hmmm quarrel#*is^ Iby m^w^^ mm
fortunately in a great measure refbeî^t)^ from deeds
of ferocity by the certain consequences of spilling
blood. None are anxious to involve their family
or tribe in a mortal feud, nor would any warrior,
incurring the almost inevitable consequences of a
tw0-foMa?etrifci;tio?ij^^ support^^jicri Mb ejâsinm,
mUm $x0mmt m^$^ ^tM. j
thus,
^Sôsed by absolute u^^sity, which prove almost

as powerful as the more civilised, legal rfstaTîjtit
upon the human passions.
Although Allooli was represented to be even more
perilous than Goongoonteh, it possessed, in point of
locality, imi&iiil^ tt^^^ aijd i|î©ry advairtBge
th^t^mrili^%e 'fe^sed, irM taken of its capaMMe^
fcr d€^#^^ fim Tbaggag^jr foMied in %
circle on an open naked plain, was surrounded byjl^
line of camels, and the mules and liorses were

placed in the centre next to the beds of the party.
Guards and sentinels patrolled under an officer of
the watch and at the solicitation of the Ras el
;
KMlah, who was eêceedingly a.nxious to avoid the

THE CAMP FORTIFIED. 137
inoonvenient consequences of a blood feud, a musket

was discharged every hour at the relief of sentries,
in order to intimate to the evil-minded that all
within the breastwork were not asleep.
Notwithstanding the presence, in the immediate
neighbourhood, for several days previously, of a
hs^gB band of Eesah, tfcl^ kot iiight passed wiShcmt
%êak, of the cam4&- l^t ^t *ô^

tbe length of the next march, obliging the abandon-
ment of the intention entertained, to speed beyond
the pale of this site of assassination, the party halted
on the 10th. AUooli stands two hundred and twenty-
eight feet above the sea, and although intensely hot,
^1 ^ ^m^$^ ialLne, it pmvigd a. jiaif^^ wtot
-didida^Sfia^d '5^^ preceding statitmv M^m^^

Wk^$MTmmM&ve^ j^mmû^k ^ horde pastoral
^ya^s, who from; tiW; 'to tte^ appeared on the
adjacent heights, were made acquainted with the
by the slaughter from the tent
effect of rifle bullets,
door of sundry gazels that visited the swamp and ;
the venison afforded a most seasonable accession to

ti» mm]^f Jtoedte^ further replenished
fjî^ti tp^ atef w^ fa&li^ k^ves gave
Shortly after midm^fct Jb^- mBt<^ was resn^^

by the moon's light over a succession of smaU barren
terraces, confined byand rounded hills.
conical
In the lone vaUey of Henrdddee Dowdr, which
opens into the wide level plain of Gurgdddee, there
las SUPEESTITIOUS TJOTUTE.
flowers of the senna plant. Towards this spot en-

sued a general race on the part of escort and camel-
drivers, who each added a pebble whilst repeating
the Arabic auguration, " Nauzu billahi mina
Shaytani r rajimJ" — Let us flee for refuge to God
Biriaft Ê^*^ tragic legend
^tt^feeil ih^^^s^m^wlm\1k^ the dimaasesl^m^
atiatee4 m'tet Icm^ ifeta'd feto # retofc>te fjjEOcfli.
A hqaicy tMk wm^ '^jgeused in long gone of
incestuous intercourse with his own daughter, was
arraigned before a tribunal of his assembled tribe,
and, being fully convicted, was on this spot stoned
to death, together with his fair partner in guilt.
JltrcÛghotit Syjâ. ^d Palestine it is to this day
those who <le mm% ^htm it is
as well with a view to pei-petuate the monument, as

to shield themselves from evil by manifesting the de-
testation entertained of the mfamy commemorated.
Gurgiiddee, eight miles in length, and stretching
on either hand to the far horizon, is bounded by
steepmoiml^n ranges, whence aE^ml m deposit
m$hedik«Gt If ^jaî^^Kai^'m^
of Aele?#.]^0kja ii^^
mud, like that of a recently-driad laieraiî J^roia
the southern side, where the clayey tract il'iî^^
clothed with stunted tamaocisk m^di sparUumj n road
A SKULKER CAPTURED. 139
the Mudaito town of Aussa, distant some three

days' journey for a caravan. As the day dawned,
the steeple necks of a troop of ostriches were per-
ceived nodding in. the landscape, as the gigantic
birds kicked the dust behind their heavy heels ; and
a herd of graceful gazels were seen scouring towards
ImM ttf steiay bIteM ^hic^ sttrted #^ dry
i^Mf Bed of 4 iafê!P| tha^t esgpea?fe ite
which were a few aâtgll^t |fOdls of bitter unpa-

a human figure was detected skulk-
latable water,
ing behind some thick green tamarisks by which
they were overshadowed. But on being perse-
veringly hunted down by Mohammad Ali and his
wild myrmidons, the prisoner proved to be ja D^beni
in quest of at ecêeBl-
Mmt teytog^ Biceotfliitg to own account, ariseii
from the appearance of so many mounted cavaliers,
whom he had mistaken for a foraging party of the
Eesah, and was naturally desirous of eluding.
The caravan halted early at Bedi Kurroof, after
a march of sixteen miles, and the camp was formed
on a stony eminence of basalt and lava, affording
mWk^t tvm 'Bm ^^^ A day of fiei^* heat siic-
was of th^ moat feâî^k i3^â%iiSoti j

W^rifcer
the spot being of old infested by Bedouins, the

party passed a restless and watchful night.
A legend of blood too was attached to this
140 EESAH MISCEEAIITS,
wild Mtcaifc% m ts Mm% mlmm m tkîô^ mi

ttes it wm young men of a Da-
One of the
ndkil caravan returning from Abyssinia, fatigued by
the hot journey, lay down to rest his weary limbs
beneath the shadow of a rock, near which the tent
of the Embassy now stood. It was yet broad day-
light, but a band of lurking Eesah presently pounced
upon the wayfarer, like the eagle oix life prey, and,
j(imTfcer-<K>i^ weapn^ 1mA- Mia
to the hm^. ^kt flyiisg gufmm of IM mii3?6te*ed
|3$an heard by his comrades, a numbife^ id
ipîarriors started in hot pursuit of the flying assas-
sins, and after a severe chase, succeeded in cap-
turing the whole gang. Two were immediately
speared to death upon the principle of two drops
of Mbod fai? ^n^ ; and the remaining mi&creants^^
fbur in mwSmi hmlx^ fe^^ stripped 0f i^hm
dlothes and mm^^ wem Meied &tth out of tihe
place.
" The Eesah of these hills," continued the nar-
rator of this tale, as, by the light of the blazing
watch-fire, he fashioned a rude wooden bolster for
the preservation of his greasy peruke during ap-
proaching slumbers, " are perfect Shaytans. Out-
casts fr<^ i|t$^ Mfee, ot or Jbî:^!
w^ft^ if^ja^Sjt mAWAg the

tifeâte of lii they nreel, wteft^ Sniii^ o^ tjrija^-
Tifevers — not for the sake of gîti or plixft^^â:^ Btit
purely to gratify an innate propensity to murder.
The monsters train for these blood forays upon raw
CHALLENGE OF THE NIGHT WATCH. 141
fleili i2l3 mtorow, and, well anointed with sheq^f

teSfely ean travel day and night, during the hottest
season, without suifering from fatigue, AUahu ak-
"
bar ! but they are devils incarnate !
" Who has seen the Eesah, who has heard the
Eesah ? " wildly challengedMohammad ibn Izhdk,
starting upon ft#| dashing his now finished
Mîte, aA- 1^ -a^^^ this
hmt^ Eesah ? " ihouted a do2J©Ei voices in ¥^

rious quarters of the extended camp. Uncover
your shields, uncover your shields ! Count well
their spears, that not a man of them escape
" Wehave not seen them, we have not heard
the»%*^ responded the patroles on duty, ^ Ho Eesah
"hm^ Slf ^ m m ^mm I
142
OHAP. XTIIL
TEEEITOBIES OF THE DANIkIL DEBENI. — SXJGGAI>iEA,
tours before dawn on the 12lh, the kdfilah

S&sfii
was again loaded and in motion across a low
belt of stony eminences which gradually descend
to the K6ri Wady, a long water-course, varying in
width from two to four hundred yards. Threading
the moist channel of this stream, where the foot
ofteti ttotgiiif^ty^ left m. im^mm^ on the saad,
ascended a deep valley to the halting grmmi At

Suggad^ra, in the country of the Dandkil D^beni.
The entire borders were flanked by dwarf palms and
drooping tamarisk, bounded by low hills with cliffs
of conglomerate and sandstone, which disclosed

dykes of porphyry at an acute angle. Flocks of
goats, diligently bmwsing m %b whifelt
Ml j^t Ihis season
froa 'flê ^îSâs, w^ti t^mded by
mmtmit Bedouin crones in greasy le^thMa "j^^&ir
coats, who mat^pf the split date-leaf; whilst
plaited
groups of men, women, and children, lining the
eminences at every turn, watched the progress of
the stranger party.
FIRST HUMAN HABITATIONS. 143
Apastoral race, and subsisting chiefly upon the fer-

mented juice of the pabn, and upon the milk derived
from numerous flocks of sheep and goats, or from
a few breeding camels, the Debeni, a division of the
Dandkil, are during certain months of the year en-
gaged in the transportation of from the deadly
salt
Bah? AmM^ to tEe |Ciid?fito ofJÛ0S% whêdt

h %mtBtÂ for jpaam^ iiK^lbitiefiip^ ir© tern
applicable to a structure of m^^^d inferior to it
hut or hovel, or it might with propriety be golfed

to the base jumble of rough stone and shavings of
the date stalk, tenanted by these nomade savages,
who are divided into clans, and have no fixed
3?everthdte0. there was something
m iihe aspect mm ihe$§
iim hxkmsm. immma^ ^M(^ had
the eye since leaving the sea-coast, now ninety
miles distant. Bare, desolate, and fiery, the entire
intervening tract, although infested by the lurking
robber and the midnight assassin, may be pro-
nounced in all its sultry parts, utterly unfitted for
gr^^t^ carbonate But not a particle of

of copper.
forage was to be had
and the heat, reflected from
;
a pebbly hill beneath which the tent was erected,

brought the mercury in the thermometer to 118°,
during the greater portion of the day; and the
evil appeaiftoâ &f the place, suar^jaiied by gloomy
WADY KdRI*
Mils casf iiito tlie deepest siajl^w, 1# to llie mmu^
Although disturTbj# 4i lli^êaxly hour of 2 a, h.,

and denied further repose save on the bare ground,
the loss of a camel, which was not recovered until
late, so far retarded advance, that only four miles
were achieved on the 13th. The road continued
io yiim^ m^ ascent along the becl is^f
Wady tisa in ap-

l^h^tHJiil thEf jsiêd fefeiltev^^wated
plam of Hurrah, -#1)1^ exhibited pebbles of pink
quartz, with a few scanty tufts of sweet-scented
grass, yellowand withered. Here, at the distance
of two miles from a puddle of dirty rain water, in
defiance of the impotent Ras el KAfilah, the camel
dnvera, ifltp $ttidiously aioid ifeaêi^ mA. vi^^ty
their own hearts.

In the dry water-course just left, the chirruping
of some soHtary hermit bird, and the bursting bud
of a certain dwarf shrub which clothed the borders,
agreeably reminded the traveller of more favoured
climes. But most completely was the illusion dis-
pelled by the forHdding aspect 0f iha $i;iltry pl^
Mtîto^^t fields ^tre'vra mt€ Wmk-
hotMrn^ gIa?Mg: H
#e sun, distressed the gaze
wheresoever it was turned —
each cindery mass
seeming as though it had been showered down
during a violent eruption of some neighbouring
volcano although, on nearer inspection, it proved
;
BBDOUIN WATEmNG-PLACE, 145
^bmk was decorated wiik

^J^: hn^m stony plain
numerous cairns, marking deeds of treachery and
blood; and at the distance of twenty miles rose a
lofty range of hot table-land, behind which the
Abyssinian river Hdwash is lost in the great lake
at Aussa.
ISi^ ^reslim Bfi |b©i??#ering-placi % Im^ -^
p^$mmmg^ again in&^4&a6itiitl^$^

m^miî^tB $in attack ; and the camp odCU^dilg
very unfavourable position for warlike operations,
no httle was experienced in making de-
difficulty
fensive dispositions. A gloomy black hill threw
its impenetrable shadow immediately in front ; and
m like flank, a pile of fc^lf-Mtcted, S&êpfolds, cdfe^
aiiy ala3*mjt ^te intense heat of the day giving

place to a somewhat cooler atmosphere, admitted
of sleep by turns in some comfort —
parties of the
Dandkil escort contriving by chanting their wild
war chorus, to keep their heavy eyes longer open
Mm ymM.
An horn laft^r tbe h^jdMg $immmPi&&dkf
l)f sir p0j, Mlm^$^ with lotrfefe ffcatie^y a terrace df

slow asoent, presenting the same dreary appearance
of rocks md lava boulders, continued during the
residue of the moon's reign. At break of day,
VOL. I. Ir
146 mmmm ABmm m wsm wA&m
^W^p^ #e m^^H td' tH mtmiirj began- rapidly
hmm 1mA <i GuMmo, the hsm Sft^ teo^

strewed with black blocks o£ hm which tore the'
feet with their jligged edges, was fast giving place
to sandy plains covered with dry yeUow grass —

a most welcome prospect for the exhausted cattle.
Heretofore, saving in the wadys, no tree had been
seen except small stunted- leftfes mîî f^w
fer b^tlîî and ^j^t^î^ 4^^:^^^
tllittOTJys grm^^ a moiititâ ftream termed

Chekaito, which nm^ in the country of the Eesah,
and in the rainy season disembogues into the lake
at Aussa, was thickly clothed on both sides with
green belts of tamarisk, wild caper, and other wood,
overhung with creeping parasites, and affording
^fec^ m& ^ti0m fim p^^B^ nêi^ df the
lit^s.
long-telet lo2§da depend^ fymi lpm$M} mS.
iîist Ibe M^Bf cohered witlk dialt fe^ thB: It^^t
of fifteen feet, gave evideiiift^ of a heatltotlg mmB'^^
during the rains, water, even at this seasc^, was
here and there to be obtained.
Heaps of loose stones thrown carelessly together,
mark in almost every direction the spot where the
tictim lifn ^ho ha-s^ l^^ti mt Off hj some cold-
ti§#g|[ M^ imMi lit *t#& # E^s^sitiation, But on

irnilm of the Cli^dkalfeQ immf m^m of
are covered with ^tou^s of môri^l, such m werfe
raised over Absalom, and mm: Acj^îl. ihB king
of ea4k surroumS^ fe^r ^ i^MM
i^lil&k of Ugh m^Mfj-mi^îm
0Mmtf wiiaimmii tbe i^siasage <>f ages. Thm
tilohrigs are said to cover the bones of the heroes
^ho fell on the spot at the
in a battle fought
period that the country was first wrested from the
shepherds. " Hai," the designation of the spot
itself, is applied also to the entire surrounding
district, Avhich is stated to have been fymerly
peopled by tte Iribliat^za, a gigantic pastw^
is^h&i^mMrtM^M^ Itt wiih all
the surrounding ilMm^ but are now e^ltinct.
After five times crossing the serpentine bed to

the point of junction with the SaguUi, where
ostriches cropped the grass around numerous de-
serted sheep-pens, the caravan finally halted at
Duddee, no great distance from Eamud^le, For
days together the pilgrimage had li4 sU!!r«)M 3r^l^
mA desolate mBte^j^ ^d itettti^ sleiSt^ m'^m
broke upon the and so few livitfg *$ealT3Sm
ear,
were to be seen, that the unwonted appearance of a

solitary butterfly which had become bewildered in
the desert, was duly hailed as an event. The general
character is that of a stern wilderness, parched by
the intolerable li^t of a vertical sun Maying in
fi^ê tefulgence the naked landN^jjej tdwhi^
ct$^hs^ im&i W in hsm^Ki ^(jfes towering towards

1* 2
148 imnMABA^T. REMlNiSCENCES.
an unclouded and burning sky. The utter sterility

of the soil is marked than alleviated by oc-
rather
easfeliÎ sloMy plants of moat puny growth, and by
tlxe scanty irîdflife tli^ &W valleys êf^ftt
tracer i& t<3: fee hm^ gBimdtfm
a state
nation. But at Dwddee, forage and fuel were
abundant. The water obitained by digging in the
channel of the stream was no longer brackish.
The heat, although the thermometer rose to 110°,
was infinitely more endurable than it had hitherto
proved; and the inSQ.tiable thirst by whiidii lm& ^
been iiicres^îjtly^ tei^ on ih^ fe^^ -g^mni^-
Ead iifî Mm^mi^^^
A march of iW^^ miles over a succession of
grassy plains, untenanted by man or beast, but
j)resenting the first cone of the termites that had
been seen, brought the party on the 15th to the
enclosed valley of Gobaad, a thousand and fifty-seven
feet above the ocean. Volcanic ashes, jasper, chal-
cedony, and quartz, strewed l3m mii^ route, low
compar^#nr% t^$M &matioiijj
TcrlcanietiiiêBj of
mteiêe&g Hie lm&^0^p$ ftoM to ea^. TM

eiiicamping ground, ulmmg heaps of hard gravel,
near whichL Winter was good and plentiful, had
only two years previously formed the scene of the
discomfiture of the Ras el Kdfilah and his party,
who had been plundered of all they possessed by
two hundred and fifty mounted Eesah.
The recol-
Jefej&j% Ohf tb^ ilfe^ter being green in his memory,
Im h^m Im^mg t^nMm, diotmi Im t>1io
VIGILANCE OF XEB JÂS, 149
t<|i4fe"^staken sign of Jê^" and with a

tei?JC'Oi'-&trxeken face he now came to intimate, that
the presence of a band of these lawless ruffians in

the opposite hills, together with a gathering of the
Mudaito at the neighbouring pools of SAbala and
Dagateli, leaving no sort of doubt upon his mind
0i ^îmMimê^ l^tefsk dôrfiig night, i| Wim^
mm laawe than m^j^M^ on the
ix^ alert.
Hie eqmm^ of the hrwiiei^ of the BnlUn o£

Taj lira was somewhat disturbed at the assurance in
reply to this exhortation, that the Danakil camel-
owners were the thieves most to be dreaded, their
dirty and dishonest fingers being unhesitatingly
thrust into the bags of rice and dates, whensoever
opportunity proved favourable ; and that the hired
a|>|^tojdySc«3L fxf #e f^GKpejtf #f Emteay^ far

from assisting to keep watch, left the duty td/be
performed by the Europeans, and invariably went
to sleep on their posts.
Not one of them shall close his eyes to-night, at
all events/' grumbled the Ras. " I shall myself
$uperxtitî the business, and see to the safety of

ihîQamp for, by the lijfe of th^ Bôphet, tld^ is an
I
As the red sun went down ifc^re 'israt ^tetoi^^^^

eonsiderft]^ dif|>lay of er^t #jpâ5^ 5, feul^îr nuni-
* i. e, Tii^teis danger to be apprefeettded.
X 3
150 A BROWST GUARD.
ber gradually diminished as the night closed in ; and

when the ten oêlock sentry was relieved, Izhdk was
snoring aloud, according to his wont, whilst each
doughty warrior lay fast asleep, with his greasy
head upon his shield, and his broad lance in the
precise position that it assumed, when it fell from
the relaxed grasp of the slumberer.
151
CHAP. XIX,
INTERVIEW WITH THE OGRE.
ife^D#fe0i m6, a âiltei ol ^ l^ftl^ asserting

supremacy over Gobaad, as a portion of his princely
dominions, whicli extend from the Great Salt Lake
to Ramud^le, a messenger had, immediately upon
the arrival of the caravan, been despatched to his
encampment in the neighbourhood, to invite the
JiBro to the tent; and the peaceful night passed,
"Eaving inspire!: the laaid^ of the al^r&ist party
witli imw=a€teiS5Bm^ Ihiaadii'^S^^rf'âl of tli# ^|^^4
visitor ims tmM aai excûse fot h^lMtig tiie follow-
ing day.
Attended by a numerous and disreputable retinue,
dragging as a gift an obstinate old he-goat, the
potent savage, whose exploit of clearing the high
road of the restless marsfcud^^rgi who loBg obsijittc^d
file passage of fc^l^ths, ha8^î% l^m moMê^d in
t0ipt0 of i|iimmem€aMd% ^l^tiMetî fia.t^j$gdy in
^VL0% early hours of the forenc^m, .Ifot one
•whit better clad thsaa the ragged and greasy
in his train, he was yet distinguished by weapons
of a superior order — the shaft of his spear, which
% 4
152
iên^bM 0^wm^^'§^ T?âas^ Ming mouixted M^w

m^l^m^ *3a^ Jtot ^ 3Gabbai*ii&f
midable creese w^^-'embellished in ]|fe^0stentatious
for-
fashion. The wearer's aristocratic air, and look of

wild determination, were well in unison with the
reputation he had acquired as a warrior chief.
Long raven locks floated like eagle's feathers over

a aâd stalimrf^^ A pair of large sinewy
tmtkî terminated in fingers tipp^^ mill mfl$ sJ^to to
puissant MakobiW% mind tke

'Nc'Os^^t forcibly to
Ogr^ in the nursery tale, wh© breakfasted on
nought save the flesh of tender innocents, and was
cut short in his career of cannibalism by Jack the
Giant-killer. A mighty man of valour, and pre-
sidmg orm a numerous claix ef fiero^ asid savage
w^f»i#ji^ ii §mf^ te^pex^^ by all the
^Tiî^Mi^s3> audi êi^tsd to M i%lit weE aw$re
of his c^sîj^giiee npm the road.
For some reason of his own, which he did not
think proper to divulge, the audience was deferred
until dusk, when the warrior stallêd consequentially
into the tent, and deposited himself between the
arms of a chair placed for his reception, with as
much dignity and self-posMsBl<m if Ip^ had itwOT
in life 1^ fe^li BiSated upon the groi^ftiv Although
to €0(êji&g wm ^«0t^ted .to a t^ M^ ^pi^m
eloth, he wrapfed liiejd^gelf in tfaa imi^mtti^}^
mantle of &ilenc% and, eompiêheiiding no AraHo,
UMmiMQ cm Tm p^jbeki. 153
gaê i^tor to $.11 the compliments Aibt tf*$tt^t^^

im hfe eîb^m tte IkiiMli t0i)gti% mlh
tlisSf mMt p^jfeet indiffeteiict Mid meat^ iifo§ti%e^
tion ;
until, having swallowed a sufficiency of hot
coffee, and stuffed his nostrils with a becoming
modicum of Regent's mixture, he deigned to lay-
aside a portion of his reserve, and in slow, mea-

sured language, vouchsafed a brief detail of the
energetic meaaiB*^ that had adopted at hi$
lmhm% tmm^ the ^smmWf <Sf certain hmmB wmt
Ijjr his ajly^ &e Kmg ^
p*o% to BE^t Btftairiiii^
M4^tB whii^h tofiy ^ SOInfe unfortunate
chance, been stolen in their transit through Goba®^5
adding, that he would impart to the Embassy
the boon of his protection, and in earnest thereof
might probably condescend the favour of his coun-
tenance a few stages in advance.
IshAk mth in gloomy aileaiê;
the good understanding that subsisted betwi^ Mm

rirai Mohammad Ali, and the illustrious guest.
The presents designed for the propitiation of the
Ogre having been duly transferred, were eagerly
clutched and hastily conveyed beneath his buckler,
or below the ample folds of his greasy garb, as
heing &t tlwi^ Ipa^ the prying eyes of
diîtjci tiie pîttee ^ savages ro^6 cl^^berately

from his chair, aiicl, loaded with fess^d-cloth
trinkets^ walked away as he had coiapke, without Cdn-
feeding to pay oHmôn % or a paling
$^^mm^ had otôia^y fe^Ji dieted by a de^re

to conceal from the covetous gaze of the idld
spirits around him, the tribute which he had reason-
ably calculated upon receiving from the British

pilgrims, on the occasion of their transit through
his territories ;
for, in truth, it must be confessed
tii^tfef s0cifl Jtate of thaB^ mm^m does not by
any me^M -betiây that p|?nta:^Tfe^ simplicity m
latided aiid exfeB^d Tby M&ommth
Ma?ba3?kM Biadi^
^^ m^ MinrateA with Moslgpa MfyÂm^me as with

mutton fat and although they tend their flocks in
;
the parched valley after the most approved Arcadian

fashion, yet the persons of even the boldest chiefs
are not always secure : and however poets may have
embroidered the subject with the flowers of their
fancy, th^' m mi fertind 0m ii^dlfidiJid
the whole comitoa%;j wim #cMal4 ^#6*0 W fi*rt^
throat for the mkt oif the last râihltfg button On

a waistcoat.
Betwixt savage and civilised ^s:isteiioe there
yawns a wide gulf. The savage man and the
civilisedman, although descended from a common
parent, can scarcely be said to belong to the same
stock of humanity, and he who has been pronounced
#fce only true man, th# loi€ly Idrd of the wilder-
mMy might txê appropriately be designgrt©5 i
de^l mc^pjâte. An interesting tmit m the children
A TIGER OTON TWO mm* 355
No sooner Tmi
the razor-like creese been drawn across the throat,
with the concomitant ejaculation, " Bismilldhi
rahmdni raMnij^ — "in the name of God, the com-
passionate, the merciful,'^ — than a savage threw
himself upon the expiring animal; and having,
vaimpii!6rlike, quaffed: M the hoi iÔwiag
Mood mM ofeteto, b^^ât^ Mb p^^^
^feattjifa$ with residue, m& 'wipeA them<Dfif l^#
stin qmve^ng carc^tss. No tiger could have acted
in more ferocious gufee^ or displayed agreater ?eli^
for the tide of life.
This had been a day of feasting and carousal; for

bothlzhAk and the son of theRookhba chief hadlike-
w|se*fm^^gdêep, and d^ti^t^ h^
of ii^ni, ife f»Cp^ 0? tediitif iQbe iiBad
a i^nm infinitely preferred even to
this is
which appendage in the Adel sheep is so copiously
furnished, that the animal is said to be capable of
upon the absorption of its
subsisting an entire year
own fat, without tasting water. It was truly
delightfyR iMmm the proses ctf gî^sing. the

poE m tli^ tedt ^
iM-'J^mMl )mUi(^^ TimM
^teîig/b^ mdt^ Amm in a -wdod^ bawl^ 'i^he
-i^^^îr, removing his quid, and pla«&g it ma
secure position behind the left ear, proceeded to
suck Up cQ^ûs moutbfuls of the li(juid, which, were
IM A jÂYAQE TOILET.
til® #0 M^led; mig

^^priiPlittfte^ t> ^miiW3^
wb%-M*kffi^filte Bxmm ^BfoYe his eyes to exclude
B'toay portions of tallow, remained ^qii^^tted on his

haunches, the very picture of patience. The bowl
exhausted, the operator carefully collects the suet
that has so creamed around his chaps as to render
him inarticulate; and having duly smeared the
mmB imtlSk^ filthy garment him to wh<m ^ la.
equity belongs, proc^M,. iMh: $ &lf«rir^ i© f^ the
1^ Jtaishteg tmch to his ^s/mk, -wMih^Mt
congealed, has gradually assumed the dasirad j^l*^-
of a fine full-blown cauliflower.
The Dankdli who has prevailed over his foe,
adorns his cranium with a perfect frost of tallow,
dons a leopard-skin decorated mth monkey tails
iSmaS in excess of the highest Im&hitw m

G^tgoim empire^ mi. 1m3m iijbn§el£ Oiil with
of Ms ear being pierced for tjie reception of pewter

rings, which denote the number of his victories
achieved. Many warriors thus distinguished had
strolled in during the day ; for there had been an
onslaught upon the Eesah, who, among other recent
had only the preceding week ripped up
sifeodties,
six pregnaat-BI&ettivf^g^^ IGbei^ â®t weiiri^»^^

string- iof snqniriiea m ih^ pmi^t tii -ni^b^
were responded to in the same cold ino-
Mlfllthi
Mftonous drawl, and then bandied b^ck by the new
arrival —
apathy and indiff*erence pervading the
features of both parties throughout the endless
A VEmXABLî CANNIBAL, 15f
Wsto^ ^ Wi^girH f^ and " Wo-
To Gobaad, from the shores of Lake Abhibb%|%

which is formed by the waters drained from Abys-
sinia, it is said to be one easy day's journey for
the pedestrian. Amongst other Mudaito visitors
from its borders, there came one of the Galeyla,
an outcast from his clan, who bore amongst his
fell0w$ tht ^J^fi'tollcmi 0$ bemg a Mf4]kiMB^ <!}tolaSb^.
TMr'siÎaiii b^m^^^â^^^ i^tm^ of
eye, and stood confessed the vilest of the vile*
A coilof putrid entrails which encircled his nect
had been distended with mutton fat into the figure
of monstrous sausages ; and the shaggy mane of
a filthy hyena, that he had destroyed and devoured
the preceding day, being twined in a becoming
wiê^ ôtoA hte Smk %tm^ is^^pc^d wil|?
his dfel^t^l^d locks. Uiadar %b gaze of so grea^ a
eK)wd, Ms cajpi M^^m wa^ mtculated to elicit the
highest ^pd fully sensible of his own
adnct&$?feiiQW j
aiierit, the man-eater endured the scrutiny of the

curious populace with an air of conscious dignity,
which was scarcely disturbed when the temerity of
the more juvenile spectators called imperatively for
I|r i% fflfllâlib % compreh#|i^. imitf^ Whi#:

tmj liave indti^6<i wm&Lj^ io v^nfeiy^ ^xm
raslify aaaa^ttg M bitterest foes ; but the nalttriB of
the terms occasionally subsisting between^
Mudaito and the Dandkil are not more girlgu-
158
Jml^ wm^^mn^m ik^^ that Hai #fe:35ajiiiia
heitar Ite^blm a^S}i^s5ês nominal supremacy.

Making common cause, and assisting each other
against the Mudaito, international hostilities are
nevertheless almost unceasing ; and mutual in-
terest,added to the aversion entertained to the

perpetuation of blood feuds, affords perhaps the
Oiily Sul^stiJiiiil argum^t fot titeiy t^porary
Of thrfee ^sM^ftatot^ho taJkelhe iM^ of Ougass,

and whose authority is in some sort acknowledged by
the Eesah, the principal is Ougass Kobiley, who re-
sides with the Gidderboosi, south of Zeyla. Hoossain
ibn Fara, the next in order, by marriage
is related
to the Makobunto of the D^beni, and asserts in-
iltiqjjêe f the Reahp»io«. MM
<i 'BmiiimBf bdi>
tiering OTi ^0^%%^ M3m^hf ^ W(m !Kor%urefet,
country of the Hebrowal — fcencê south to the
limits of the Galla territory, and north-weBt to
KilluUoo. Here it is bounded by Errur, the resi-
dence of the old sheikh of the W6ema, and by the
independent Mohammadan principality of Hurrur,
whose Atrêex* gointially confers upon eachEesith ehief
tm&mi itoH cap and tefemi^ recogniti<^ ^ Im
Not a dkmde Wmt^ iTm ^p^W^ over-
head, which now blazed out iij^fe ^rfect galaxy of
light, engirdled by the lumiaous zone of the i»ilky
loheixa's request. 1&9
by th^ sliower of meiî^ -fliii in. mpii. mmmmm

shot "fewi^gt the innumerable host of hâ^^^
and temporarEy eclipsed their brilliancy. The
night was already somewhat advanced when Lo-
heita sent to demand a private audience upon two
points of vital importance; and Mohammad Ali
being the agent employedj no time was lo^t m
arranging th^ Jtatîmfew* ^-
My hmt^ m
wMfp^jBd Ibt Qigm Je^
trotiblôm^**^^ mmb mf^^
nom tm^^ afe*^ %0 h0ji actee iKlntffeB ;#&ted
in silence ^-m^ tc«3^h beard is not readily
;
trimmed with a creese, and a razor would therefore

have been desirable." A first-rate Savigny was
immediately placed within his grasp. ''And, se-
condly," he continued, trying the keen edge upon

Ibe l^geBt <>f Ms^^ fQfmld^^le* Mons, "my sister,
who isf^r Edvamcft iithjerftegmncyj has lately re-

jected feod— b6fef^ tMag in fitcl has
beeix offered, and equally loathed. Now I 4mjfer
sirous of trying whether she might not fancy a bag
of dates/'
im
CHAP. XX.
gHOWma HOW ti&m OGRE ACQUXl'fB© Mtmm^ AT

OOOTABELL.A.
pi-diress 0t Ogre wlteH tfe itet' Ijfe^l

l)oiled in warrior veins. The first feat t>f Ms
early days, ascribed to the year of the great cornet^
is still green in every recollection ; and as it was
recounted by Ibrahim Sheh^m, so was it vouched
for by those of the DanAkil braves, who during the
recital crowded around the watch-fire at Gobaad.
The grey-beardeij 4^^^&|i!4#l|t^^ many nights
in de^|t iôti^tallstie^j #mi- :%im. i^^lmL-hMmk^ of
tha BIIj^ hM. Ml liiji iiiBal. ep&i^
mpa3l 4iif countless number of the foe, and the con-
sequences of rash and fool-hardy adventui*©, whea
the youthful chief raised his manly form in the
circle, and his brawny pro]Dortions seemed to dilate
into colossal stature in the dimness of the evening

mist.
a# Ike i^titl^jîats 0 h)lai?t- CMl#to %^

Im^vU^n tfce ôiee of Imd^^l Mm
the sjarit of the fotil hare entmêd mio the breast
161
^ nof ldm hmd spear tiQ ifc^ tÊlfef 00* 0

iaaad ? Ar^ tfee BSma tamely to tdm
and their daughters to he earned i^ptivity,
their flocks and theiP herds to he swepi th^k
wells to be taken possession of, and their very name
made the scorn and the laughing-stock of the
dastardly Mudaito, without one struggle to prevent
it ? Dust be upon my head if the brave sons of
ifti^ dî* ikaiîld themselt^ in a quiet
s|ko% tê mifehemi mi dying Qmm^.M^^^
^ single ihom to mmge m mmM Mmm y% l
my children, im thig? name of fhi most holy

Prophet I will even dare the danger of the war
and ignominy sully the fame of him who shaE
suffer his chief to mingle singly in the strife."
Reseating his sinewy form upon the rock, Lo-

cpYered hm in the ^Îds of his garment,
m
^nôus iste lite t^mli thig ^
appeal* But the efe^rd of feeing had i&#ti<j|2 Ifi^ 1^
a master hand. A low murmur of vmces wa®
^picJdy followed by the deep hum of approbation
accompanying the confused clatter of the bucklers,
and the elders, rising simultaneously, proclaimed.
It is the voice and the will of the Most High. Even

so let it be !
" The erect spears sank witli one accord
ito ê ground, mA tibe ifc^ ^^Âmi^*' of the
a-ssmliM t?ab% tolled mm&m^ $mm0k i&t
Wm J^me days after life hataaê, tfae X>^hmi
m
maintained a peaceable demeôtif ; tot it. was
n^^w îllyijJtp^ wkhh precede^ lire
liuri4<îD; T&B ^pi$fh MudaitOj who had already
^se^^ ilitmsflêt ^^ the choicest grazing
grounds in :feh0 n-eighbourhood, and completely
closed the caravan route from Abyssinia to the sea-
coast, meanwhile continued their depredations with
impunity; one subdivision of the tribe settling in the
small valley of Gootabella, where they erected per-
mmê& hîtMmtL^y and boasted of tbefe mmdfe^tad
tioinity to ^^rgraws i^f ^he an^^to^d cf
Mmdaito had rieiidel^ Ji?Self ob-

noxious by its aggressions. Many were the young
men of Gobaad who had fallen under their sharp
knives. Scornful taunts were ever rife upon the
tips of their insulting tongues ; and few indeed of
the huts itk tlm valley had not ait BOiê period Bent
tte r6hB o£ wîi^ mi. hmm^Mo& f^t
ifotlh
lire mi^ £mkB.

speeding on.
But^ ^ Mf
The wane
<d
of
dirt iigtiitett^^
the moon was the appointed signal of rendezvous to
the heretofore slothful tribe ; and as the darkness
of the unlit night shrouded the valley and the hill,
all members of the clan whose spirit had not

those
been utterly quelled by the frequent disasters
.
expetfen^jiS^ sanguinary invader,

mustered ^^t^'t&^j^ f05#jf^
-^^ftt%r the de$îi&0 wi^th ofmmy^ ifte
film of wamom poured in from mety quarter of
TBB OATH. 163
im mtmdw though di«tr*Mt0| ^m^$in, fM

mi^m Ml fefpotelei ^ df lit
tlie iî^mMed l)raw, md the iil oEf Îteefc? Ihe fMia
sinewy shank of the veteran, and the ^$j^v^MjiM

of the untried but aspiring stripling, were soon
mingled together. The sun set upon a busy scene
in the lone valley of Gobaad. Two thousand
savages, enjoying the rude feast that had been
amply provided for their WMts,. wed?^ engaged m
close whispering oonsultatiîion the coming strife;
aad wroijigM to^ pitch of iraizy by the^pMi'*
Btirring words of their warlike chief, no less than
by the exhortations of his wily eêiissaîesj who
ever and anon mixed with the carousing groups, to
feed their panting passions against the hereditary
foe, each warrior firmly clenched his teeth in dread
determination, whilst he whetted his sharp weap<m
to life tetolst edge upon the iiea;re$t sloiie*
Mm. the jSre bks^ brighlly npcfu sMeldy and

spear, and stalwart frame, Loheita moved forth in
front of }m enclosure, buckled for the fray. His
active form was fully revealed by the fitful flame
and a dark smile played for the moment over his
stern visage, as his followers, rising with one accord,
unsheathed their murderous creeses, and, bursting
itoto ^ loiiA' tmmm '0f ^j^jtesey m<m the
^t^y^(imne thtt:^ ^joidi tha*^
iii the blood of -the^cur^d MuMtOi
htrl
Haciqg him$€jf ^% the head of his animated re^
M %
mm mofm mabch.
Meters, thef cM^ mw l^H tlie iadmicing van,

tie trairip q€ eagar ravage fell ligM
flaifaiesa wm ^^mn^ of smlJl ^M:ôi>iif Iby these

children of the desert, who, like the tscm^^s© of the
falling thunderbolt, held on their progress in the
true direction. Starting as the dense phalanx ad-
vanced, the timid gazel scoured in terror over the
valley, and the prowling lion yielded the path to
^h^ d^wn*
Ia$€ rocky di^ffle âit^d^ ^
gloom pervaded the scene. The very SIots were
hid under a partial mist, and naught gave token of
the habitation or the presence of man, save at inter-
vals the disturbed bleat of captive D^beni flocks.
" They were ours once," scornfully muttered the
}3M^ life Closed ^m^ 'WtJlaJi I if

tlicsm be feJii & ifchf $harp $t^d. o£ a true believer,
they shall this^ B%ht t^tum ^ thdî* pMturas/'
All know the valley of Gootab^lla," observed
the narrator, " closely hemmed in on three sides
by towering cliflfe, over one perpendicular rock at
the neck of which, the river Chekaito, leaping, ex-
tends its sandy bed throughout the entire centre,
so that ten resolute spirits might defend the only
outlet ag^st eoimtl^^^ if ^ IÔttB mm the
$Qm of ^ss^s mmM ii^ê idtqh^^ ihmr ^t^- In
thai ôt t lm% tht <M^yi^ m^t^m^^y
coneeited and vain of their eHplwts, a^nd held in
165
ttttei^ ©Mtempt tTm iiipikS^sed proprieto*^ of tfee

mMi. irk<m liâd lilifc^ bo easily despoiled.**
3fo i6im#?f .^#0 #f alarm mâi^Geed Ifet fj^prâelt

of danger; and the noiseless step of the fi^ gliîi^g
unheard round the devoted hamlet, it was encom-
passed on every side. Infuriate warriors in ap-
palling silence beleaguered the narrow aperture of
each matted wigwam. The recollection of captive
atidmmtdered relatives, ai hwcnmg huta hl^med
flO0k$, eiit^red deep in% niwi^ 0i e^h
îto assailant J m the edge ^ ibB ijakied ci^mm
was passed caiaiSûsly along the finger, a prayer
ip^s breathed m jfcdgh to the tibirone of the Eterjotal
Avenger.
The unsuspecting inmates of every abode were
hushed in deep repose. The spear lay entangled
in the folds of the scattered garments, the shield
Ji^ i^m% M mipm^ îii^ ymtJ^^f
mwMndM$ ^ Ms wiv6s and 3|tli0 ott6%
*?app^ fe pm^rd t^^ m li€r w«§ wo»t to
enjoy when by the gentle murmur of tli%
lulled
breaking waves of the Bahr el Shub, in his own
far distant land.
The suffocating fumes of smoke soon stole upon
the sense of the drowsy slumberers ; the crackling
of. aJÛsfed all abruptly from their dreams
loi mm&tf f
and the^ teiM tfcM ^nirÔped the
blazing teaîiM âtiitff aadh alB^yfefced. ini^ io
ratt to the dpoi*, where the crooked steel, driven
im
by i}m 4esp^$*e refuge, was ^te^^Mai ito:
and were the efforts of the unarmed warrior.

Lohel^ mg^d; thiroagh. the scene like the demon of
the angry element, and each follower ruthlessly
strove to emulate his example. A dozen spear-blades
transfixed the body of every fugitive. Two thou-
sand of the foe fell during the murderous onslaught ;
m fliiitjfeafcjfe1 night aE mcj^^ftt |p|4j4^
well ir4slxed out in ihe waTO bls^joa of tfe^^ Mwdtoilaw
checked waters of an i33g|if0tuous mountain torreii;^
bursting all bounds, careered along without re-

straint. Mockery and insult were bandied back to
the frantic screams of the women, as their tender
babes were barbÔi^mly pitched into the hissing
ilame
cja^
; ^€
to 'wtept^
the red m& nom
^ ft^htful
^sim^ ^
Tjm^xtg
of âaS!!;^!^^^;
dj^latit)ii*
Flocks and herds had burst from fol^s^

betaken themselves to the wilderness. Scorched
and mangled bodies thickly strewed the ground, or
lay half consumed among the smouldering embers
of the pile. The groans of the dying mingled with
the bitter w#mg x0 M^p^m &wmk$ cii
kmimSi mdk offspring; etiM m:^^

iieg^
bjf Ms ^ûlttoig ^hott lft - g]&a ia&i&pt b^<|e

the deiise column of smoke, which with an eddying
flame ascended high into the vault of hea-veii
THE TRIUMPH. 167
from tie ^laek and burning monnment to Dlbeîi

vengeance.
A deep fissure in the bowels of the hill had given
refuge to a determined few who had sought safety
within its rocky sides: but the keen eye was not
long in discovering the track of the fugitives and ;
the insatiate chieftain, speeding upon the trail,
icm tir^ $|^âetd|E*^ tlt<p&$ tJVânging

istombs, md d$sh^ tlie caw with spew and
Iteic&r* The mlf wsk^tim mde during the hmf-
in this last stronghold ; andi iLoheita received
a deep wound on the breast, the scar of which will
be borne to his grave. Desperation nerved the
limbs of the surviving Galeyla, who, well knowing
that no quarter would be granted, sullenly fought
goa wi^li'lb^ few weapons they had snatfe^h^ lap in
%^ Ibmms^ flighfei but died in M ttitttcpal
îtrife wpm At "Ame they liad taken theii?
last stand.
Crowned with brilliant success, the return of the

dauntless young chief from his first expedition was
swelled by troops of captive maids and by the pil-
'laged herds of years. But the triumph had been
lieHeved wrtibk fi^ imflfcig to Ms tl$nl Th© Tbodiea
of IMfte^ l^mtiJ^ l^ "^Msf comrades upon
green bratii<5h^s of the pgttaa^ ^^losed th^ Oêtjiir of

tnarch,and the war-chorus p#l^d wildl^âteoiig tlie
rocks as the victorious host pouted hmh ti^rough
the valley of Gobaad.
A burst of savage acclamation, which rose shrill
M 4
md high ill th0 (npcî.|0lifa*i?oa4 tlie^s^^
dread tidings were imparted to the reMtivfes of the

fallen. A path was cleared through the now hushed
and silent phalanx, whilst muffled females, beating
their bare breasts, passed towards the biers be-
tween the open ranks. The boldest and the bravest
had been untimely cut off; and their widows,
liht^wiiii;; ^mmmSilm upon Ite I2fe3.m TboSe%
of the elders, " It is the decree of the M0t High,"

drowned the hysterical sobs of the bereaved ; and
the host again moved on in boisterous mirth to
indulge, after the successful foray, according to the
bent of their inclinations, and prepare for a series
iteMeyments, which have smm deaaped t&e s^r-
1?0 fkk 4ay nmm tmi lite fcdfet ime^ irfler

nightfall, to enter the valley of skulls. The B3jQ!lia$s
of the Galeyla warriors who fell in the affray are
heard amidst the funereal sighing of the wind ; the
plaintive song of the Bedouin maid still chronicles
the event ; and long will be remembered in the red
tesfe erf M^dalfe iSx0 tim liiaiâcre of
169
mm XXI.
SANKUL AND SUaGAG^DAN. DAWIyLAKA AND AmIdOO
JiLgajîNG by an extremely bad mÂ ih0 h^m

range to the southward, which commands a fine
prospect over the valley of Gobaad, the kdfilah
reached Sankul on the 17th. It forms the focus of
several small dales converging from the table-land,
$Tmi ki irWE. M
hvm^ bjr lit^ ^sm^ôunding
steep hlmk &lMB ttfl^^t, jpa^^tog itilo li^lii^deA
A small cave near the encamping g3?0iiixC WtS 0mmr
pied by a colony of industrious bees, and at the
only well, flocks of the diminutive black-faced Ber -
bera sheep were drinking from a trough formed of

an ox-hide stretched between four stakes, to which
the water was transferred in gourds by greasy
lytoioifc $Mîâes^j^ TM^ e^ûli^ fm^^
'Im. pfgeUafet iti'^f^g: wJlh
th<fe iîSllfig n'p%M imUt-^m$ mdi mi^
presage was afforded of a coming day of drought,
which the exhausted and sinking cattle of the
caravan were hourly waxing less able to endure.
The next march led over the high table-land of
Hood Ali, a stony level thickly studded with dry
170 PLAIN DUXIÔOIi.
gmm^ mi exteBili^g m one mori^BW #*lfeftit

far as the eye cauH readb* Hie fetid c^ri«ife-£ower
here presented its globular purple blossoms among
the crevices, and a singular medicinal plant, termed
Lab-lubba, was detected by the keen eye of a savage
who had before evinced a latent taste for botanical
studies. The usual encamping ground at Arabd^ra
iirii^ fbttmi to be pre-occupied by a nomajl^r^fiilie of
Bedouin gdai4iei?dS| irho i3a^m#ip#^4 tlo^ ttm^j

^ter. Descending the tmg0^f ^taî^Ta^ th^^
bjW-ipf which commanded an extensive prospect
over the wide level valley of Dullool, the kdfilah
halted at Suggag^dan. This arid spot in the
strand-like wastewas covered with masses of lava
and with blocks of basalt from the adjacent hills.
It was parched by % Tterating atmosphere, and
lifibyd^ M: water wh^te^gi? —rêalaaaiti^ "wiubli
i^îtited m tlm ^miom^^t of & two of

aai^3
the mules that were no longer able to bear up

and fatigue; whilst many others
against thirst
now dragged their weary limbs with difficulty,
and seemed but too well disposed to foUow the
example.
I5î#oolfci(^n0 |h#^^ h;i^tt|r#md twenty-
m^^^ s3boTO#0 level of the
coTei?ed with a;Hî^vto iepotit, md^ Guided with
extensive tracts of coarse dry grass in tufts, among
which, as the almost interminable string of camels
crossed the following morning, both ostriches and
gazeb were descried. It is bounded by a bold
WILB ASS OF THE DESEET. 171
plai%|^îa?is1iteâ^^ perifeetly
bare, stretching away to the westward, in one un-
interrupted sheet of hard compact mud, which im-
parts the aspect of the Runn of Cutch. A herd
of wild asses, precisely similar to those found on
the Indian salt desert, materially enhanced the
resefiOLblance J and the sun, which had now attained
yim^ mm ^ÎmMf â^led.. i«|> t&e%jiGipf

mimge ihafe itkm^ mec^ng M #iHiplete the
picture.
On this level expanse, which terminates in a
cul-de-sac^ shut in by high basaltic walls, inacces-
sible either to man or beast, the Adaiel affect to ride
&&mk iite 'wild ass, upon mules forsooth, and*
to rip ijp^ quarry with mm^-
been much ymi^mUm -^lip&g liôil tMsli^vb^t
it ended, like every Dandkil boast, in nothing, îe^,
hawk-eye of the Ogre detected an out-lying mare
among the ravines at the foot of the range, and he
dashed off the road with such lightning speed, that
the animal narrowly escaped being hemmed into a
corner ; Istefc mi^ on the }$mBA desert, and Ae
w4,ia^f1êd at the absurd eflS^rte tif lieif im
Loose stones again strewed the approach to the

Mdrie range, which is of trap formation, of a slaty
texture, stained with red iron oxide, and intersected
172 JEBEL mArIK.
about a #,<^|ifiiid or twelve hundred fe# Mgh,

formed a steep sloping ridge of lava rocks, contain-
ing quantities of carbonate of lime, disposed in
rhomboids and hexagonal sheets. In this nook,
surrounded by a thick jungle of acacia, were sundry-
basins filled with clear water, to which the solar rays
hîiot penetrated, ^h^^fll^^teS fiad^
the msm&^âmA mm. fotmsi. #i5!aw%Iaia, b Ml

mile beyond. Mdrie is not a word Cjsf leither Arabia
or Dankdh derivation ; whence it seems not impro-
bable that this bold range of hills may in days of
yore have been named by some wanderer from the
West-
A fine fresh morning stieeti3«d* fe^ ^ irexj sultry
mgh% p$m$Sk ixpon the hmii tet sfe&Ee$ | mi
break of dey^ thi^ cattle having b^^n tsiken to ihfe
pools, where, at so e^^d|^ 0te h0tl%^^^

but httle, the skins were again replenished, and
the caravan pursued march to Oomergooloof,
its
which can boast of no water at any season. Of two

roads, the lower, but more level, was adopted, in
'^J33îa^0t 0f ^tbwtôifc qf ihiB: 1b^m» ^
hmtlmn,
milesj
It.
asm "s^^
led mtm %
i^litiôiii
^^ mMg^pMa mm-
Ifes^rt ^
wâs
of
plete. Covering the vaUey far as the eye could

reach, to the foot of the hills which rise abruptly om
all sides, it imparted the appearance of an extensive
bay, shut in by projecting headlands —a still calm
DECEPTIO VLStS. 173
lake, m mtmYîi hy ii^mmA fhsLirm^, xB^ms

mmi ^Sfetiiietiy teflecsted on tihe miirot of its glaasy
bosom.
Approacliing from a higher level, a ripple played
upon the surface of the visionary water ; and the
vapour being too subtle to screen irregularities of
the ground, the aqueous expanse soon became
gmfcMl^ ^sunited, until it ultimately
i^togi^Si^ri Tim âel flmmî wMlst
alluvial desert undea^foot, destitute of even a vestige

of vegetation, but over which was wafted a zephyr
as unlooked-for as refreshing. Thrown in a par-
ticular way, and on certain atoms, rays of light
produce illusions to the vision which are often
embodied after l3i& likeness of objects moat deeply
oi^v^Hing m
tie afioaaâ^ôm it ibB wm
^^m^^t (>f the li^^Stoa^s <rf DuBocl^. ûajre md
perpendicular, together with an islet riding like a
ship at her cable in the centre of the molten basin,
aided the striking similarity of names in the re-
spective neighbourhoods, to bring vividly before the
eyes of all, the apparition of the bay of Goobut
el %hmih.
Imtm^telj opposite %^ Oomergooloof
t0##i3$5<asil^ and tM^^^dfs the plain iuto two

valleys, whereof the soutMifl^moat h <j€nomiwte^
Wady Arfa. The Mdrie range here towers over-
head, steep and precipitous, to the height of s^bout
m THE "father of dogs,"
•wMA Mm beeai &^ iiie mtipftiiti mi^

strew the entire base, corroborating tlie assertion
of the Dandkil that earthquakes are frequently felt
in the vicinity. Nomade tribes with their families

and flocks, having settled at the wells which exist at
a distance, had compelled the gentler portion of the
Libyan creation to resOfrt to regions more blest
Ibrahim Shehem Abli had;. lt)s^ tfewed with i3m

eye of bigoted disapproval^ ihe 3itt6ati<M$âid by om
of the Mohammadan two canine com-
followers to
panions of the party, pets that had survived the
passage of the fiery Tehdma, but whose feet had
Iie«j0ê: BO tet>cei^06l % iM hot lava feotiiaî*^ m
ioML3^Mta*t. theA fe)m w^tei^ Quilp— for so
tlte offis&Sfaig M^sfem mm B^kd fitem Ms striltiiig
resemblance to that notable character — was in the

act of extricating his wire-haired charge froida 1^0-
panniers wherein they travelled, when the iras-
cible little warrior approached, and, drawing his
trenchant blade, swore with a dreadful anathema
*a exterminate him om tSie ^p5|. Bog, and father
of dogs^f he exclaimed, seizing ih^Mm^î^ m^>rfc^
% r&he thmtj ^îmmm how thoû agm <3efikst
thy fingers with those aoefttlî fey tê
beard of the Prophet I will sever €1^ gullet as one
who has brought foul discredit upon the ^tJ)/^
Then rela:?^^ his grasp, md sheathing his eree$e
Its
mi^ ^ lôîmmfmk flourish^ h$ ib^w^liiai^K^î^^

tie attefe ci * ikBgto^^ aiid plmi. tite
sigiilfieaMt lêture by lytttnioi^ ^ i;i^gl^

tide of Hfe is
heard
in a divided wmdjape, wheiice tiie
welling*
Several herds of cattle pertaining to the Isse-
hirdba Mudaito, grazed in the neighbourhood ; and
these were said to derive their supply of water from
pooMfoaanadlby^d^ stdphtiteoms springs
^% 0gifihm ^tiremity of the plain, whi<?h, with
a Icaidî^, nm huhWmg ^cm mi^h fil-
ing tmperature. Possessing m^tirella^ts ^tt^djfeib^l
properties, they are believed to be a pasnaaea for every

malady : but the tribe not being on terms with the
DanAkil, these thermal wells could not be visited,
neither could water be obtained either for man or
beast. A few Mud^t0 fi&^les, witE fhmr children,
gtifolted tcrfev^ mmg to mSmimîî
the |%ri^ge^ but Mm %m
|- ^ MMMl would
]80arBGid^y permit them to be spoken to, and was in a
nervous fidget until they departed. Avowing that
these greasy dames had come for no other purpose
than to spy out the nakedness of the land, and
that the creeses of their liege lords would prove
trotiblesome during tfee. he ^lic^y ittfe^
night,
dieted ffi waajdet?ii^ 1»3?ond mmp l^m% and in-
4ê4 ttpon- the di$6b&?ge of iôUejm of
mii^quetry in addition to the cartridge expended
at guard-mounting, and at every rehef of sentries.
The sky having become gradually overcast to-

X76
menxag^ a deluge, equally 1m hp iît^v$^

dtêaded^ was deemed oloie al Mttî W^ iîSm^
mm§ mî^tmm passed off mi^ ike h^ ljkmtroi
the Shimdl, accompaafed by a cloud of dust, and
followed by a close oppressive night. Skirting
the Mdrie range to a tract thickly strewed with
rounded masses of lava and basalt, the detritus
from the adjacent hills, the road now wound over

a Vîlcatie rid^^ which ditides the valley of Dullool
from that-0f Jjttidoo, running exactly parallel to
it. M #iJi h,m^ ifehe earam Mied m iite^lM,
about a mile from a large pool of rain-water, occu-
pying a rocky nook formed by huge blocks of
basalt. The stagnant green fluid was morefar
palatable than it looked, although troubled by a
and sheep, the
legion of horned cattle, asses, goats,
property of the Galeyla Mudaito, who were en-
caj^ped m gmA i>i?ee m îm t^î^&mj^hm^f
looked what ttey ate said to }m-^moBt desperate
Altogetb^ it mis a bus^t^ scene. Herdsmen

shouted in every direction to their kine, whose
sinister glances and lowered heads proclaimed their
dislike of the white intruders ; flocks of Somauli
sheep, with incommodiously overgrown tails, swam
abo'at like otters to cool their heated skins ; numbers
dams^% after hm^
of Bedoma 6wn greasy
^mm% r^Mishea llba^^rt^ i«^t^-|l5^$| ii^d i^^t
wrinkled old \ag, in direct breach tfe^ Hoêm
prejudiee agaiiist man's ftietid,*^ tras abtolmtely
m
d^teielÂ to it^^ the rough coat s)i
TMm^ "pmifml scene of 1%

Jjeiaceilil occupatiqa # tim A^herd contrasted
strangely with the presence of spear and buckler,
was about mid-day exchanged for the tent. A
crowd of listless, tattooed savages, bearing very in-
different characters for honesty, soon swaggered in
to see what'fliey could pick up, and presently waxed
m passing itt^^l^l Ife i^m deemed prudent to
iiiSffli them l)y ^ ^pLay of rifleîi^^fice.
Emboldened by numbers, they had begun to qûe^**
tion old Izh4k regarding his right to coBite^
strangers through the country without the per-
mission, first duly obtained, of the " lords of the
soil but seeing the stones fly about in splinters
Itt-lmÔ h:iindred and fifty yards they were not long
in êamping^ $m0 tm £m&m mm^mm.
Wk€ #aleyla tribe of MfeMt©* ^lek titt l5oa$*s
of the iQOgt ieiêrt and notorious thi^f^S^ liie
country, is, as might be conjectured, on no vetf
amicable terms with the Dandkil; and the very
severe chastisement it received at the hands of
Loheita ibn Ibrahim sufficiently accounted for the
auidîi. dîsrlite ^ nnatteniJe^^ Ogre, who
donned M« $et^4^5^tgu^; l^ strode back
hiSt I3^t1i8 lâwdylaka, after he had pledged
himself to wm^^^j the party to the borders of
the territory occupied by Mohammad All's clan.
From Amddoo, Aussa was represented to be only

VOL. I. K
178
cEmâm Imim eamel% "t^"^ femrteMiig off

across Wady Arfa, a^d over tie Jebel Oobnoo
range, by whick tlm extensive valley is bounded.
At this point, moreover, had ceased the pretended
influence of Mohammad ibn Mohammad, Sultdn of
Taj lira, the utter futility of propitiating whom had
long been suffieiently appareaail* iLllliOi^Ji IE the
eyes of llie maipiliaii«i it w$iS; tm #il^lil$^to#f|i' to
thority over a fiery desolate tract, in most parts

obviously unfitted for human location, his own
immediate retainers did not now conceal that Mirsa
Dukhdn, and the GoUo mountains near the Salt
Lake, bound even his nominal jurisdiction. He is
in fact SuMn of the sultry strand whereon his
fmil t^mmt m erfeeteij- i)M few Ip^wl^ "stm-
derers bîtod, o'v^ wh^M %^ wm&^ mmt
macy, are universally thfev^g ani. Mîrtom^ wfe
disdain all fixed abode, disdaim all mortal contrcij,
and acknowledge their own mnbridled inclinatioBS
as their only master.
179
CHAP. XXIL
imn movm 6p mudaito. — cHRONi0t*B î*
CONQUEST OF AUSSA.
IJmtlEGUiSHED liki of Ifork and Lan-

caster by their respective e&tours, " the white
house" of D^benik-W6ema, composed of various
Adaiel clans, who in time of need rally under one
standard^ is banded against the Assa-him6ra, " the
re<i i0ti|#^^ ijf the Mttdaito, the bitter
fmSi ^li iialoiosity which spread
best blood of lier heroic sons^ WeE l?ir<^ttM It
be for the cause of humanity were these savage

combatants animated also with the same noble and
chivalrous feelings which in days of yore reigned
paramount in the breast of the British knight, and
met together* ionjf m flif o^m <sf Tmm^m$hh
^latert^ Bill tlî i^^-^
bos«i ctf the lone, sleepk^. ibr unsuspecting -wm^

derer, rarely fails to prove a sheath for the mtit-
derous knife of the assassin.
Aussa, formerly an important town, was, less
N 2
180
to Ras and are represented to be countless

Billool,
as the hairs of a Dandldl head. Regarded as the

seat of wisdom and learning, and governed in the
latter days of its strength by Yoosuf Ali ibn Aj-
ddhis, a brave and martial sultdn, whose armoury
fedaî of many ma|a&io<jfeSj mdi of m^m^l BXMl
pieces of âijiioâ^ it It^ng AmlmMi^ -m
independeiace — a blight Bpot of beauty a W49%
in
of barrenness. But the sun of its prospati^ |bt
length set ; and the predatory hostilities long exer-
cised towards the various united tribes of Adaiel,
leading to a general invasion on the part of the
Ado-him^ra, the prince was slain, the stronghold
^the toM©"^ mf^Siî^mi^ its garrison put to
the WQi:34- tioii m êm 4s this
oAct ra^ place mom ihm jm( mi^^'Mm^
eampment, whereat is held a perpetual fair, fre*
quented by all the tribes of Dm&kSLf Eesah, So-
mauH, and Mudaito.
The site of Aussa, a wide-stretching valley, de-
scribed to be from eight to ten days' journey across
Mr ^ m^mm^ itâadaoQ^ la by lofty mounMns,
fet&ed h M iU i^^fcp^d quaJrtiers by the
Lte€4i3â^t4 A1>libM^, Mot», Btig«^~ the
first situated a little to thf eastward of the town,
and the last by far the largest of th^ four. These
vast stagnant basins m the plain receive the Abys-
sinian waters of the Hawash and its tributaries, in
TBmm^&m the HiwASs. 181
addition to the contributions of all tlie streams

from Jebel Oobnoo and other collateral ranges —
tlxe abtmdance of fluid: %M
l^t v0ti polemic for-^
matitattj, S0 ettrij?MBg the BOil as to ^ti^Me tllg^
corn, pepper, and tobacco, im <j3îiîttatie.s sul&tAenIi

for the supply of the entirf âst*
The Hdwash may be conjectured to have expe-
rienced interruption in its course to the Bahr Assdl
and Bay of Tajiira, at the same period that volcanic
agency divided the waters of the great Salt Lake
&pm i^€?#mt tl Eiiaa^. lll^si 9*cmiai ili^ wmi^
liOttiijSaii^ of eaek hôm mm
become mi^willf
inundated during tiiie spreadlltg Of IIb^ great freshes
and, as the floods, carried off by afesojôa^d.
evaporation, again recede, the soil is covered with a
fertilising sediment —a fat alluvial deposit, which
with little labour yields an ample return. Even the
lazy and listless Dandkil, who neither sows nor
Mt^^tk h to te ^fomd mim pfon^- Jfecte dHê

sSKr feven to the mountains of Abyssinia —a - cfifetaiac^
exceeding three hundred and fifty miles.
Pastoral as well as agricultural pursuits engage

the population of Aussa ; but whilst the cultivating
portion of the inhabitants are permanent residents
on thfe idflj tJie Bhejh^^Sg al^#Mi^^ ^mm^kWby
by the gad-fly, wH^fe :atts«bt #e flo^fe:
$etting-in of tiie tsmf mmm until the te3?M&a1Son

m 3
Jim HATIC^f.
of the fast of Kamzan, when the waters hgive
subsided, and the herdsmaUj descending &mt

mmmdm, returns U Mb mû^ttm iit vêj.
An extensiYe mmnmm.^ IM^vmtatm k mmmwm
<m with T^|ika. Mt fexm the Bahr A^S^
Hue caKcOj high demand for the caps
1srMc5i is in
universally worn by the married Bedouin females,

zinc, pewter, and brass or copper wire, used both
for personal ornament, and for the decoration of

weapons, are bartered for the produce of the
luxai^mt Soil toe Ifer pîg^wf mmm§ ilm
^hmk to 3D^ww4 ^^^^^ 1®^ #a)ili^ ojE iie

Wollo Gralla, in order to purctoe sl;ai^^^£)^B^^
into the main roud at Amddoo, and so proseeutiiig
their way to Shoa for a similar purpose.
Mudaito tribes occupy the entire plain of Aussa,
but they are now divided into five distinct nations.
^c0jî^ of ^
î^B^^ l^W^ of Ajddifoy who
pfeserê^ ifche ^mpky Mlfe of Sultift, t^SB$ at
•Kbe decayed Eastward are the Iss^-hirdba,
capital.
governed by Das Ali, an independent chief, aixd

the Galeyla, under Daamer Ibrahim south are ;
the Ddr, who own allegiance to Akil Digger My-

drgi and west are the ferocious Koorhd, under the
;
sway af Yoomf Al>0o Bekr, who, also with the title

of AMI, 3îdel' #^ Alta, and wages war indiscrimi-
Bately on both AiS^Miali?^ Jplbi^feW#^$
South-westward of the vêy of Aum^ are the
sultXnt humferi. 183
independent Adaiel tribes HbtPijfc Bodaito, mm

whom presides Gobuz Elincha, a powerful chieftain,
who has espoused L6ni, daughter of Birru Lubo,
the Prince of Argobba, and through whose territo-
ries lies the high caravan route to Doww6, with
which the traffic is considerable. On the north, the
te^ fconBdgH by the distinct nation styled
EfrtOi under mte <^ If'togôl AH — Kohîii^
dan3, deriving timt ori^n feomiQie Afe^ mmAm
of #te Seventh century^ and speaking a language
iM# very dissinnlar iQcom the Adêl, who claim the
same descent.
Aussa is still the abode of all the Uleemas, Aukdl,
and learned doctors, for whom the Mudaito have
ever been renowned, but the present government is
singularly coiiffcittttedir Tk^ êd StilMn HiJBa&ri^
soai pi %mm£Mx^% Apiflw% im i*e*ained wi^ }m
MgbrmmM3^g iUh iite :mei*e ili^ddn^r of mSbm^
wkkh iBr in truth vested in Mohamm^ Ali, the
vicegerent of the D^benik-W6ema, appointed by-
general suffrage from Tajiira. Residing at Kulloo,
and ruling with an iron hand, he admits of little
interference; and, in all cases where disputes
between the " red " and " white " houses of the
proprietors of tlie fOil '^mt hL^^m^^ ^mmm0>tis
fatally to Ibe l^ttei!^ takes twc^ livfe^ Ibr
iSOfi^ng to &e immemdri^l ofcse^vainBe in ISlmi^
feuds.
Ameer Balli#% the Wuzir of the Mudaito, is head
of all the sage0, and he is aided in the ^dminis-
N 4
184 TRIUMVIBATE OF SHEIKS.
tratioii; of jm%im fey Htosi^ IMâ*;, iE^ôi, mi

B^rbera or " Pepper" Ali^ th.^ latter styled
from the volubility of his sarcastic tongue. This
triumvirate of venerable sheikhs, whose wisdom
and learning is reputed to be kum el bdhr^ pro-
found as the sea," is referred to on all occasions
wh^m h^^j points al*e::tt fesue, whetJier amongst
the ASo'-Miaâ mm the SuWia of
Tajiira was oa ni J^m^B^m hmmdMt
by their arbitration, relative to ^hB projected mar-
riage of his son to a bride from another clan of the
white house," a measure which was resisted, and
which he was desirous of enforcing. Yet a transit
duty of fifty per cent, is levied by Mohammad ibn
Moh^mwa^ upon all exporte ms^M "fey tie Jliidaito^
wfeerâl im j)^ m^t, only i& exac^ted from iTm nu^
Merom BmiM Mbe$v
"A Arab force frotu ZeyM," ol>seri?êA
large
Ibrahim Shehem Abli, who was well versed in the
chronicles of Aussa, " was induced to join the D6-
benik-W6ema in their invasion of the predatory
Mudaito hordes; and overtures of capitulation
hmm$ been »ad^ by Toos^f Ali ibn Ajddhis, they
wem iht&wn tbîr gii^d* During the night
1^ wkfy mMi vhat Mm
viMms they hsid
to #eal, bivouacked upon the heights^ <ri? Du^S^g^
and Hy Tunk6ma, where they rested safely enough.

But the blockheads of Arabs choosing to sleep in
the plain, the garrison took advantage of their folly
to make a goom : and so cleverly was it managed^
Tm jei4INS OF TAKQ0$K4, 185
NotMng intimidated by |Mj^: mB. ^WbA

teverse,
by fcesb âllies from the coast, the W6ema were not
long in renewing the attack ; and the whole of the
Adaiel tribes who rally under the standard of " the
white house," making common cause, the Mudaito
sustained a murderous defeat, when their strong-*
bold, bad 33ciaint#Mt Ito integrity
pheA m im^ ibm^dm^ ^ *t
A long term of years elapsed, but the hearts
of the scions of the " red house" still rankled uix^lei?
this disaster; and, bent upon retaliation, the as-
sembled clans, designing now-

to plunder the
decayed sea-port whence their Arab invaders had
been furnished, made a rapid inroad into the coun-
ty <^ tite Besftfe S<»cttSpE* Unprepared, the Mbi^
i?^*log il^m created "by Ib^ sm^dm lwi'sfr

of war, rallied in great numbers, fell furiously upon
the foe, and left not m$imirûdmg Mudaito alive to
teU the issue of the disastrous day. The " great
battle," as this signal rout is still termed, was about
three years ago fought within sight of Zeyla, on
the plains of Takoosha, now white with the skeletons
of II. Mbe.
old i^âadlQiCj^ ^hkî eareie^ly with the hilt ctf Mb

creese, irhioh was seMom sulPered to repose quietly
m
his girdle; ^%lt they are %0i M
I ^MiWk tty hmî and here is
the identical scratch that I received in the scuffle.

As for the Eesah," he concluded, " with their
childish bows and arrows, they are sad cowards.
One Dankdh spear is an over-match for fifty of
their best marksmen in a fair fight; and I have
myself dealt single-himjcteel -mlh siKj although t%0
IjD^îiaci l^h^fe reipest^ tor ireêiE^ this

chmi^Wt with the issue of the great battle just
recounted, wherein the despised tribe had so sig-
nalised itself. That,'' quoth he of Tajiira, " was
a dastardly surprise ; and Wullah^ had I been the

invader with a handful of Dandkil spearmen, there
would have lixtm. m^^mi'^^^^^
BaB Ali^ late #ietkk of portion of
the Jwtt^ pi5|)^l^tijpny %xm% j^mn 'itao0 teftda am
attiiKipt ta restoj?© the exclusive^ i?ilk to th^ Mil-
daito, and to this end headed a consjî^y swoiPIl
upon the Kordn to plough the field no more until

the head of the W6ema vicegerent should be exalted
upon a pole at the city gate, and body have
his
been cast out to the hyaBnas. He was however
who te^^lvad, It wotRid to the ofe^k Tfto uaase^^d

scats yrW^ ^tsmtft the diminuti^ pî^H trf this
herot jiôolaimed liim t0 haYB p^gtde one in many an
aiffmy j and, if his mix mmm% iiaight be believed,
AH ABAB BREAKS SMNCB. 187
gular aversion that lie displayed t0 passing certain.

Watering-places in IpjOQ^d daylight, and his skulking
port at Amddoo more especially, had tended not
a little to confirm the disparaging anecdotes mali-
ciously narrated by his compatriots, relative to the
mode in which some of these much-prized distinc-

tions had been acquired.
tht mAj part fee îpd?^^?â;^^ Inii Mw
crown as he t0$^ in wrath at the last vaunting

words of the son of the D^beni. " Heed not the
empty boast of that braggart," he exclaimed, with
boiling indignation, forgetting his wonted taci-
turnity —
" Brave as the lion's whelp are the hardy
ciiiHren of Yemen, and but for the cowwlly de*
s©i?tiOTi of their Mm ^Wmn ^m^yrmM hm^'û
W6ema to this hour not pay tribiate to Zeyla in
acknowledgment of the assistance rendered? The
event was written in the sealed volume of Fate.
The decree of the Almighty was fulfilled. But lest
you should have believed the disparaging state-
ments of this vain-glorious scorner, I will even re-
mWL% the mJ^ljJftofet of :$L campaign fraught mtlt
$ad disastet teiSf
tTttering iMm 'wmBB, lie led Mm^ w^y to Im
enclosure, reai!# ^ Ibales of the most costly wareg
which had hmn -aoedaixiitted to his tried xntegrityj
188 THE OLD man's TALE.
and there, seated upon the rich shawls of Cache-

irdre, or upon the choicest manufactures of the
British loom, the party, provided each with a tiny-
cup of most potent coffee, gave ear in silence to
the old man's tale, which in the two ensuing

chapters shall be presented in the form that would
appear best calculated to afford a picture of warfare
in the Desert.
189
CHAP, xxm
jlrab march over the tehIma.
filled sacks were tied tightly upon the saddles.

The idle portion of the population had assembled to
admire the pride and pomp of war. Women were
running to and fro with more than usual briskness,
to deliver some forgotten package to a body of men
wlm itQ^ imAet la ua^kife-place and ;
OfOW^ ^^M^ tp jmin tice group thîigh i&e

narww Bn^ma^*, wMîh had been Et 00^^
sion, whêe arose a confused hum of higgling md.
barter, as each last want was supplied by the mer-
cilessHindoo trader, on the credit of a successful
return from the foray.
A motl^jr #retsity preyppjl in age, dress^
mm^ m<^1mtmi^^^ %^mmg of the as^^feM
paî Met tte ite ^sh^dteA Mi%
irtt^^feidi lite
jfrequency of the long, ornamented matchldi^, naot^
the thousand strange-fashioned leathern pouches

and pockets, dangling from every part of the person,
proclaimed the presence of a body of warriors of
the Faithful. And more than sufficient for the
190
sultry eltoiyle wm eiiiafe?^^ of tie

Ibrdgrt mer<^Bai?tes. o<^«r of fit mnbow
l^d been appropriated to IMi- lâ^^d Ve^-
ments. Red, and yellow, and green, surmounted
the dark elf-like locks of the soldiers of Yemen;
knives and long heavy swords glittered in their
rich shawl waistcloths and the national cloak of
;
Arabia, clasped across the tawny breast, floatecl

gaily mm^: eaot rtalirart: h0xm
MutmmiB mules stood ready saddled lie m
iquare, and many were the long provident
bags and water-skins strapped behind each high
wooden cantle. The band had not been engaged
to act as cavalry, but Arab troops are somewhat
self-willed as to their tactics and style of movement,
mA no iim r€ili&li.;mt^^
little priyate mimgmmn^ wlfiotx ih^ affoM

im Aeif pâ?i<^n^ comfort.
The grey eye and the grisfylbieitrd of tho TÊeppaa
from Hej^z, and the and the long raven
fierce glance
hair of the inhabitant of Medina, were e^diibited
together under the light of a blazing fire and it ;
might have been observed that the strongest current

of feiGOide the spot where the
yotifclit w[a*e feollasteaj 3iîSKdiering thf km^ bttfets
dowii th^ tmtf matchloeks^
God is great ! ejaculated a gaily-bedeGfeed
he added an extra pinch,<>£ powder, for
stripling, as
good luck, to the handful already poured into his

long culverin. " Bring me a lion, that he may feel tjhe
MUSTER OF THE WARRIORS. 191
hands of the mighty, md Inshallah I if the leader of

the expedition be of my mind, we shall not return
empty-handed to have our beards laughed at by
these fat kafirs from Hinde. Better were it to
quaff at once the waters of immortality. But alas
JfflBi ! iiie sta,r ^nm Bttile m the siscendant when,

im^^^ the plf«6siatl iw^mm mA cypreBs-
wi^sfcea Amm^B ti Mo#% i% ttapid iead 4remat
of receiving two piastres stSkJrfeom the treasury of
Sheriffe, or -gf being woped up with iiifidels in,
a perfect Jehdnnam upon earth."

This speech was received with considerable ap-
plause, for the Reis Amru was weU liked by his
comrades in arms. Jokes passed freely among the
youth, wiL0^^W^ all in high good humour at being
3^teaieA fern J
alth?Qiiglt ^ts yet nothing ha^ tjanspired 1^ % t^

nature or object of the enterprise.
But the veterans were crowded together in a
mass, and their scowling downcast looks betokened
little satisfaction in the coming march. A one-
eyed ancient, who h^d witness^ many fights ^
m^^^mmwoJ^ ktofe iq)on his wrinkled head, was
la ^gj&ii&g ^m^Dti^ &«a Ms l<a3g fw6%-
ing swoifdir l^hilst he ever and anon gaV0 1^
his spleen and displeasure. " No good can ever
come of intercourse with these unbelieving savages,"

growled the old man to a feUow grumbler. " The
skulking sons of the D^beni have been in close
192
of the 4ey j. -mA ilte fm^h Om&n is not :tite
leader to conduct a party of the Faithful among

the deserts and the hills of this parched land.
Blood will flow from the veins of these hot-headed
striplings, crimson as the cloth which flaunts above
their head-gear. Aye, and the dream of the last
Im. limi^^TeAy in lower m&mui ^ t $^mmi 0t Ite

plmtBmi lands of saw the spirMiig
waters flowing over the bright green turf. The
tribe of my had assembled together, and
fathers
the hail, welcome, may your arrival be happy,'
'
came soothingly to my wearied ear but an impass- ;
able gulf yawned at my feet, and the cold touch of
AB was the man to oppose his destiny."

In good sooth the authorities had been sued for
assistanceby their friends the W6ema and as ;
immunities, and privileges, and certain per centage

upon all slave caravans, were the inducements
^tfully heMimxf % #10^^(11^ the profferêd
of the toe#y ; aad a few of theiif $gî|t^> were alone

left to serve as guides through a country hithei^to
untraversed by any Arab inhabitant of Zeyla.
Three qûarters of the entire garrison were
OBMjLs, " THE DGL-OTASBBD,-* IM
qrder^ immÂhte duty. Gun|«t?ii^fy.
far
feii #fte| ]baA hmt lomi^^ tot daring Jh^ tft^
mm^ logêr^lli II l^mBais^ of ii,i?3^^r§ <if pay oJi
Mtxmi] and as tlit tooon raised her broad disk
above the still expanse of the Indian Ocean, the
party remained grouped as above related, awaiting
in the market-place the arrival of their leader.
The impatient Osmdn, accompanied by the Ameer
0lld all the holy men of the town, shortly relieved
thmi feoia Buspense, Bis mîMt alba floi^ted over
sparkled in the beams of the pal^ î^^ $ik he

placed himself at the head of the party to Mâive
the ^'
Salaam Aleikum " of his officers.
The young chief had lately arrived from the

opposite coast to take the military command, but
his proud and reserved bearing had gained neither
r^p^t tTie good-^mll #f la-feirkd^,
Slîjii^S. ^te wMspeifed ât an #vfl
on his swarthy brow was caused by the continued

tiastie of ill luck which had hitherto blasted his
every aspiration after fame.
His quick ear had caught the murmurings of the
discontented. Dread not events unknown,^' he
exclaimed as he cast a withering glance over the
group. " Be m% ftoifsqi-E^tttdj d^r ilie fpmxt^ <>f
the W0.tm of -life is te^lv^tj iii #s#î^|y*
Deife
not iiie tii^ of li0Tp^%ith tht dust of iSôndeney^
fofy i^mksB he to Crod 1 ik^ oreaior of the tmiversii^ If
rat. X. o
194 mm OMENS.
ye walk even into the dens of the li<M ox tlie pard,
they win mt Mmym m t% êsfe^ 4^y-"

Then msing im ^îM ^(în Amm^
^Bm^"^ mm& m in t)m maie of the PrcfJtft
May Allah be
^'
with you May Allah watch over
!
you " solemnly chanted the chief mcola as he

!
waved the holy book in the air. The troops poured

through the gateway, and sweepmg slowly, like a
thick cloud, along the face of the plain, w 3re soon

loist in tha^ tefaiesB of tê teferl.
be i^w^ys some mAmt s|)di?3*^ to. aiîie th^
dipoojpfeg tm^B i tlte <^mm©etâmt of a
march, as in the b^^ning of life^ mm the most
d<ywn-hearted feel a spark of hope as to the happy
result. But after the first burst of enthusiasm was
expended, and the troops were fairly launched into
the lone waste, the loose discourse and the merry
laugh gradually failed, wS. m
sad and gloomy
.tlleiiae they trod! Ott foar Mwt^ linking in l^lje ie^^
la^va whyh, yr^tt^ tliyMf s$ri^wed ov'^ Mit toet o£

fire.
The ominous bird of night flitted from left to

right and hooted mournfully from a bare tree, as
the gallant train swept past the last watering-place
in the Wady of Takoosha; and many a '^wullah!^
WW poured fethj. m tihe iterdg erf antelope botailded;

along the ^mm evil ^nd portô^B tea4fej if
pmmed by #e eîdttti^ ^mm. of destm^tl^

Mm proposes btst fl%>!P*s^%'* muttered ijhoê
JOYLESS X^BJSEB^r. 195
wiiê S0^5l*et misgivings heightened by thm^
tile it0emiik<i0i3^ #1 ttjaltidky Oi&m^l, mSi M Mt ibr

the moment, thafe i||iey were doomed men.
Little order prevailed aloiag the motley line.
Mounted on mule and wrapped in his own

his
dark thoughts, Osmdn led the van, and a group of
light-limbed W6ema who clustered round the chief,
pointed out the direction of march. No vestige was
lorn hil fsm^& in. wms^ Mm^n^M^M

camaJ, mi miifej mm <m foot, ^tij^M ^mg
during many hours of th^-h^fe night. A few pools
of standing water left by a providential shower of
rain were at length selected as the first halting-
place, and, worn out and dispirited, the sons of
Yemen, piling their heavy fire-arms, sank to sleep
3?lit îmMoimmtx^ ^^kt^^Sjl^ ^mn. the co^tixy
is to be met mi^ Otlj at long inter^lB, where little
food is to be procured either for man or beast, and

where the heat is like the breath of the glass furnace.
But Arabs are accustomed to the arid regions of
their own stony land, and as they feed like famished
wolves whm food is to be obtftiiii^d, tiie|^ ean, Jike
tltose gauat ^tiimals, ^(iTrtfe %%$ m$Tm&y oif i^t*
taî^ jtt^glih J m the news Spread tht?0tt^]|t
the eamp-that the rkh WymolAwm^m the olgeet

0 t
m
of 'l&e atiterprise, aud that a Jmg^ loa^ê <if *W
Ifi^Sfia: :aiîjfiitejti to ooqperatfe iix ^ ^btadE,
tittered. Amru,he strutted along with his

as
turb^ placed jauntily upon his head, declared
that even the gardens of Mocha and their rose-
scented houris might be improved by a man of taste,
ifprovided with the requisite means; whilst the
grumbling old Kdsim and his compeers, cheering up
^ the tiJOjtt^^nt, Qormmuc^di ^^^^"^^^^ M to th6
probable gafe to fee dti*f^ ii^to ^^3Ji#y c^feplit^s^
iditJi whteh iheir :petimi they h^ tesoiv^dJo-fill
the maptet*
But although a degree of hilarity had been thus
restored throughout the host, the black cloud still
hung over the brow of its leader. No friendly

footing was established with his followers no word ;
of eiieottragenieiit proceedj^d fi?o3ofiL Msi lipa* Oarders

mî arrangements friPife giv^Sii i% th? cold, calm
tone of dfeg^^âtii^ arid a fesif^ of ^jO&flig evil
shook reach ^tui^dj^ frame, as he strode ijj W^^f.
silence to hit iiCcMt<êd alation in the liiie of
inarch.
For seven weary days did they manfully toil
through the blank dreary desert, where Nature had
spread wide her plains of barrenness, and where the
image of litter feolaiiofe btit ^^6^^ dlsfttrh^d
by the appear^Me either of tma or Tegetai&i#y-
poiônom i?dnd dried the marrow in the bone; and at

mpBh^trv^ls indeed, some tiny mem^^dt^ tjfigire
^ffgpat pmil^ A ffeier <5aodiels dotted tto itatbrofei^

expanse of the forbidding plain, and here and
there a withered acacia threw her thomy limbs
wildly into the hot atmosphere.
The camp of the W6ema was pitched at Ramu-
dele, and far on either hand as the eye could com-
pass, stretched along the low belt of bushes which
imM tlm course of the Oitetoito* 4 60n£imA
mma of fragflfe mA m4 Immm
feî^ If^ lo^dêd togefer*. Wmm irfifet of
theMmt^df mc^j BXQBB ^ thick faît of broad-

headed spears an^ m the men clustered in hun-
;
dreds to greet the arrival of their allies, the ferocity

of their appearance elicited universal applause.
The indomitable spirit of savage independence
shone in their dark lustrous eyes, and their lank, but
w#^wîBM%tt:^^s Wiere emraiounted by fiL^.Îiiiit
In barbardii$> profusion aft; etttertaiiime^t

$tOod ready prepared* Large messes of meat and
dishes of melted ghee were smoking in every quarter
of the camp and after the welconie had been re-
;
ceived from every hand, Osmdn retired with the

^h0m M fhe trifee to %hdi^ temporary domicile,
le^'^ng i)m Amib host to tesign themselves io
m^^y^mm^ n^t^ tmi afe iflieir Img ^mvf
inareh ov0r the iHghtlul Tehdma.
o 3
CHAP. XXIV.
MASSACBE OF THE FIVE HUNDRED.
hutmAlj t>ff towardiB the ummp^c^g objeot <d

attack.
On the third morning of their march the hills of
Dug6dlee were crossed, and the smiling valley of
Aussa was seen peacefully stretched at the feet of
the invaders. Nothing couli 63s:<3eed 'th6 beatltl^ of
0mB m tfce ttoangely expaii4M' If-
{mwwm§ ^Mfe^j abrupt, whi^t the

rit^ in steep but gradual turfy acclivity to
the very summit, whence rich indeed was the wide
prospect displayed.
Green fields extended far as the eye could see.
Flocks (juietly ranged among the grassy nooks,

md iom l#fce$5 umrtiffl^d by a. bteeze, reflected
back the Ipi mfB wi m<>l1iiiig sun upon
b$*<3%ki md^s of the Mmmmd by M

fantaBti^ the river HAwa^h threaded tW
VALLEY OE THE DEEP WATERS. 190
uppef portion of tlie long mtta^y llkâ cord of silver,

and rushing into the broad expanse of Lak^. Hill<%
at length found rest for its troubled waters in the
deep, mysterious basin, from which no visible stream
adds its tribute to the blue ocean.
The city of Aussa was pleasantly sit:aated on the
iipp^r extremity of tfe hke^ and loir, .îomcal,
ing V0*lttre the îM.0wf êe^w ^ the

^^wned the opposite Wi^ lierds of and
crowds of human beings, streamed from every side
through the stout hedge of thorns that encircled
the wall, and the voice of the muezzin rising faintly
from the distant mosque, summoned the inhabit-
ants to prayer in this most unlooked-for tribu-
aiimbersj and in tfe j^îiRt te^ma of five fcmSj?^^

bearded allies, the saiV^0 -h^b ini^hed whooping
down the hill, their spears erect, and their souls
hungry for But no shout responded
the prey.
from the silent town of the Mudaito, and no weapon
glittered in its defence. Already had the W6ema
formed in serried lines, and already were the eyes
m& the MiieMs 4i tht w^lgr^ ^t^tad by those
mvt^lutioiiis whhh Mm |>rdiitie to
WiB giai^y drawn aside, and a band of aged mm

stepped upon the intermediate plain. A green
branch waved in their unarmed hands, and their
o 4
200 DEPUTATION OF THE SAGES,
vmîtM^ wilte hmt^^ ficrwed mw^f tei
girdlm Aussa, whose m^sdom was

0^gm' <>f
" as the depths of the sea," and who engrossed all
the learning and holmess of the land, were there

congregated together. The prejudice of the savage
was aroused, and the presence of men acknowledged,

to whom every dispute among the tribes had
l^&erto referred, d^îîom Imi te^B
and
$^W^fn mmt imflhiblf vmmî 'fh^ ^>fese of
mm^m^ aiid tie \ofB 0$ jdiiBder, wer^ for tlie
monaent almost forgotten, and every spear sank to
the ground as sheikhs and akils advanced to the
front to receive the message from the beleaguered
city.
Assuming the posture of earnest entreaty, the

elders of the Mudaito were not sparing of their
oily wordt AH itfi<3i0ti* diflfefîitsei iBoiilt
fully adjiiêdj 0^ W^m^ #i.0uld ^
i$mi teafes, loaded ^Wk i^^toe^ of
tiie Jiidi^t^
Aussa # fij^^ gift of its elders; but thBgi^^^ma-

ference could not be held until the morrow 5 tlm
chief,Yoosuf Ali, was absent, and a swift messenger
could scarcely reach him before nightfall. Would
the W6ema meanwhile destroy the seat of learning
and of religion? W5^»dd^tli^ sons brandish the gory
speat 'irfeti^^ 1^ teMl prostrê
in prnfêr? If mmela had beeia st6kiij the thieves
dbi^ld :be deEvered oêr to ptimshmerit) m^ m^
point of dispute shoi^M be most satisfactpri]^ ar-
ranged."
THE STOBMY DEBATE. 20X
i^ski^ of tke Wifema m&irBw ia &sAm to

deEberate apart, and divers were the opinions given
i& jflie ensuing Arab urged
discussioii* The fiery
an immediate attack, now that the enemy were
unprepared and fully given into the hand of the
spoiler but the words of mercy at length prevailed,
;
and the terms having been acceded to, the wily

^êrs, as thssy tôt tlieii* departure, dispbyed fea-
tures lighted With a grim teiJOfe 6f i^masA m^fm^
ing cHefSp Expressions of contempt were bandied

back upon the term of coward, with which Os«i4ii
had taunted the Adel conclave. Swords and creeses
were drawn, and stout adherents were not wanting
with spear and matchlock to support their respective
lead^» HkeiT'^teran Sheik nevertheless contrived
to $till the #o#W:wle^^^ Cbmnamdfejg H$
im^t md
di?$,w rest, Tm mm^î^ #
eoa-
vw<îig the Axd> ib^Mymmk te MhtgmB^ti m
the forthcoming division of the spoil. Finally the
parties separated in sullen mood — the W6ema to
ascend the hills of Hy Tunk6ma, where they had
resolved to rest among the rocky caverns, whereas
the fearless sons of Arabia remained upon the open
plainjm itMîh the angry dispute had taken place*
M^wShiie th^ lown was m ^ rtat^ ha^ ^m* ^
mmim^<M. Tk^ few mmSm*^ who wer^^ md-
îm^j0j at hom%
by the speeches of tiN^r
Sliaiined
T^p^cted elder% prepared quietly for the most
202 mrm^ msmrt*
member of tlte Mbe

and the most fearful denunci-
;
ations were prepared for any who should refuse aid

in this the day of national distress. Onwards over
hilland dale sped the untiring scout. At his warn-
ing voice the shepherd left his flock, and the hunter
stayed his successful chase. Sheikhs and akils seized
spear Ai^, and i^tk M M^pm^^ f(iim
obeyed %lm %»^f $umimm^ M'm^ m^^p^^t
streaming toward^ valley of the deep waters ;

and long ere the moon raised her pale disk above
the hills, full communication had been held with
the city, and every arrangement was thoroughly
matured for the attack.
Blteded by the fefet 0f abject submission, the
l>ady of moM^^ the
obseti^j m$> mt ^.^mpt^^m #ej^ <tf solltey

vigilance. No watchful sentry paced his steady
beat, nor had any disposition been attempted for
safety or for defence. All had bivouacked on the
spot where they happened to be standing, and after
their appetites had been sufficiently appeased, the
lazy parflsaiis lay grouped together with their long
pipes, talldng ove^ the pleas^l> Vfeo]^^ ôf iii@;m^
&% of their mlkfeuaêd allies* The ma^: the

THE CAMP SURPEISED. 203
jkem pfce ofthefc mmUf ^û^^ ^6

Tmms^ <tf tBe wâdbf^ mi %hm th$ grmtm portion^
sank to rest upon the green swa^di*
But the slumbers of many were of a disturbed
and fitful nature and at midnight old Kasim Ali,
;
whose advice, though ungraciously given, was gene-

rally attended to, repaired to the light pall under
which reposed his leader. Osmdn was still awake,
Ktfening to ympSiB tfef ir&to^to, wlkO
pffedioti^ ^^^^ 0ifErê to* ordm w€*8 ^mm^
ltic#ag <Îteatfed tiii46t-0am% imi^hm irere
and some preparation attempted for defence.
lit,
But the warning voice had come too late. The

Mudaito host, crouching warily upon the ground,
had glided like serpents along the dark plain till
they had gained the requisite distance for the
rn^î and as if staiieMng jfrom the very bowels of
;
the ear^t a mt^f dtcrroi suddenly a

bristling front, not on# kmiife^ yards from tha
encampment.
Short was the time allowed to awaken the drowsy
soldiery. A hurried exclamation from the chief
to stand like men, and a feeble cry from his fol-
loAvers in reply, was succeeded by the rush of the
savages. Forward they came, carrying their broad
spea^ e?ect, whifet bfeek ^mîom
gleameli aS tlfce thoughts ol^bjte^ Hki^ t^^^ fiery orM
only clieol<g€ their pi^g?^ Iba?

the firing tiâsed, there %fom tor lie&Vien^ wild un-
204
^m&lj yell, whrnh Îmdf lbUtew^4 % the

fi#p^ §hau<«^0€^m eo $a c^^ fey att the
mmt^cf t&mti apd despair.
ctefifti^<3fi^
No walk or mclosures were there in that naked

plain, or the mm of Ishmael, who well understand
their defence, might have fought on more equal
terms ; but overwhelmed by masses of the reckless
foe, and hemmed in on every side by ten times
their own number, the stmggle te* eflfey*
of iipi#m&al desperati<i3Ei^ popping slîi^
tiTO§d-fe$«tti3340^^^^ afth^ sftt^glNii

,ÎW]^0ixt, atid Mud^to^^Jr^tîtt dashed heavily
upc^ SjfiilSdtar, when the war-cry of the W6ema
rose pealing among the cUifs. As the tramp of

their footsteps was heard descending to the plain,
The assailants withdrew
a short respite was allowed.
from the murderous onslaught, and the fainting
heartiS^ of M^^vors again feats^'&d 'W of
WBk Biii| tpîê&t iadêd were th^
of ^4560^1^ î^^mm, 32t^ w^ry #ye of the
Wd^^ Md ^^lied, #ven in that imcertam light,
the overpowering masses of the foe that crowded the

plain ; and suddenly wheehng round the shoulder
of the hill, they disappeared like a wreath of the
morning mist.
The Mudaito meanwhile, like hungry wolves,
heDimirig in the devoted Ig^Ttjf âwaited only the
dawn of day to complete its destructi^tt. Biit tlie
yîmmmtH^the Amte who had ^$c$pi&d JSol?^ ili^
found leisure to close tWr rai&s j mtd, takitig up
THE WJaiTE FLAG. 205
^ pîm ftfe *b.e foot ^ tte Isolalfed Jefedl
tb^ :t?6Êî^ iot îQ their lives as deâ!|f
as possible. Osmdn, wounded and bleeding, was

still alive; himself, with Kdsim Ali and about
fifty men, being all that survived of the gallant
five hundred who had marched from Zeyla. The
excruciating pangs of thirst were added to the
t^ttmi'^ at 0t^$^ moM- spear-woiind : mî in this,
tliaia? tel €xfcr6toit5r^^ s^di^n prayer arose Ibe

Eropliet of the FaitMul, as of mm whom tours
iL& day broke, K^sim votol^faE^d to ctery a

3Qi6gf$a.ge of capitulation to the savage army; and
reposing full confidence in the white cloth waving
in the hand of the veteran, each anxious eye was
strained in the direction of his footsteps. Received
im moody sUmo^ by the MttWto âaad^ ^ feôdous
savage -w$& ^dtoit l^^^ a|[^r^laide thmxJLgh hfe
ttniia^^g whm lite mm of t&e Sit^Wi
bounded suddenly to his side, and warding off ifhe
descending shaft, seized ,the hmA of the old man,

kissed it with every reverence, and addressed a few
words to the tribe. In days gone by the youth
Boorhdn had been saved under the creese by
the son of Yemen, and gratitude, rarely found in
tlie savage, now paid hê^ O^t^^lding debfe,
The ireteraTi's olr^torM of surrender having been

lêieîved, he turned again towards his comradesli
but a fearful sight fell his sickening gaze.
Two large bodies of th^ enemy had in the interim
206 A TmAommm fob.
edge, w0£^. ^bm^f $wa^mmf m^^n M ilife Ift^
the attenli^&|L iof his doomed comrades to the ootJoiag

Btonn he was seized and îoioned in th^ iTO^Q
;
of a multitude, and the succeeding rush m tibe
burst of the overcharged thunder-cloud.

And feeble was the defence made by men weary,
and thirsty, and unprepared. With an appalling
whoop, the: i$h^^h$&i savages soon joined tile
ranis of Adt^ slM^, mA 03ie tuifea^d ix^d

remained l?4sible above the wide plain. All had
found a gory pillow in a far distant land. Creese
and matchlock, mingled together, plentifully strewed
the ground and clutched in the cold hand of each
;
grim warrior, lay the long Arab sword, dripping to

the hilt in the blood of the assailant.
Tk0 m$Ld^ 4^ #i*c^wt hm mmty shade ovei?
iJie bones Îmt yMt^n u$l fbte mm^ 4iiM% .<^mM^%
of the msm ^m^^m m fh^ iirvadets,
tli© men of Aussa coflidJ Êt^theif fotgrftt iJidrmgst
unprovoked attack, nor consign to a quiet resting*
place the remains of the true believers. The severe
loss they too had sustained, still keeps the wound
festering, for well indeed in that fatal night had
been upheld the character of the sturdy children
î'^mm. Êtei wq^3^s^
dgmgl^ in the mosques^s tnqp^ their Mm%

THE Arab's grave. 207
many a Mudaito mother long bewailed the loss

of a beloved son, and many a bereaved widow
mourned the absence of her liege lord, who re-
turned not from the valley of the deep waters of

Aussa.
CHAP. XXV.
iîMh% A V^ m Tumrm » tee w6ema ^BBRii?OsErM|*
After a march of three miles on the 22d^ over a

stony table-land thickly strewed with the never-
'tfertitory of tM J^tolMl %0b% l^Mim^ tie
hoUw on the way, which appeared %t the

pâssed
i*Mny season to form an extensive pond, was en-
livened by four bee-hive-shaped wigwams, placed
as usual on the where large hot stones were
site
most abundant, and tenanted by goatherds, whose

TOBaeÊ'OT^ flocks were being driven forth to graze
Tof tla Be&>ti|« îipisi^* Tbm^ Stipply of ism^ i#

derived from b. #|<p:^steEed poj^/O^îijf^f df6p
Bai*^^ praolpittM^ ravine, wM<Jb.> feliounds in the
Hyrax, and bQ^sit^ pf % few tfeî iiofr dissimilar
from the Casuarina. Bearing the euphonous title
of Korandiidda, this gully wound at the foot of the
high terrace selected for the encampment — another
right dreary plain, covered with volcanic pebbles,
mmtig wlti^ ilie dry yellow grass peeped put in
THl QI£D SEBIKH. 209
Htîfei*a^^(e3? througli the Heak It^^nfeit eauatey

idtf l^tes Jtdii^ Wi 1m, ^q^pi^feicê the mmk of
**the shadow of St is^ ^ i^4^ land;" for a
tree is indeed a rare phenomenon — and wheBi^
few leafless branches do greet the eye, they are
studiously shunned, upon the same principle that
induces the savage to eschew the immediate vici-
nity of water. A few straggling acacias occupied

thai^tjr of ISiloo, half a mile to iTm mjMlm^^j
htgB hmiB '0i Bcio^^^ri^c^^

atid brindled,and glorying in supaefe liwns raking
gracefully from the l^row* A fat ox was purchased
without difficulty, together with a supply of fresh
milk, which, if not improved by confinement in a
greasy skin bag, proved nevertheless an extraor-
dinary luxury.
One of Ihe i^^lK^^^S ofJWt^ AJI m^ fiow
to iJl JiM lite atoPiirM d(:
klfil^H 1^ it^d all along been promised th^

after ^teiîp^'tli^ territories ^'^^ Sheikh, every
danger was to cease, but the goal now gained, the
country proved to be a perfect nest of hornets.
The thieving propensities of the Galeyla Mudaito
having been lately exercised upon the W6ema, it
had 1)6^ tesolvi^ 1^. iiriiiot mammary chastisenjient,
preparatory to 4 ^ôm^ tmm wm^mg til-
night the camp aij4 fceirtr^fel^ unceasii;lgly tijÔBged
with scowling knaves, ôiigst whom were several

210 ^ KO^^-BrnMsm^
m 14 single combat,
ai^lagaeel^ m<m^&hMy m
murdered «ome sl^âg vi^jma-
Towardi^ .êaiteg a gang of the Abli, whose
chieftain is appropriately surnamed Jer6aa, or
the thief," made a desperate attempt to carry off
the best horse, upon which they had strongly set
their affections but the rogues Were foJ^ttgaately
;
dbs^^d by the lynx-eyed Edkoo, henchimE ^

MfiJiatodEa^^ adimt of th^^îtotal
being reB0wM> "©m frnt-î^ mxmS M ii> fif *6
their arms; blows were exchanged without atiy
blood being spilled, although one of the Woema
shields was perforated by a well-launched spear;
and the ringleader of the horse-steahng gang, who
had thus narrowly escaped a mortal feud, having
been seempsd m ^te by Ht ^mtK* Mbe
north-eastward, closed the day. RevoMioig wittia

its own circumference, and advancing on a spiral
axis, it burst in full force in the very centre of the
camp. The tent fell on the first outpouring of its
wrath, and the consistency being so dense as to

3?ender it impossible to keep the eyes open, the
jarty ymm imi t«>^fee r^tige l»i^^h tî^piinaj.
mA iifci^t^d upm tbe gt^timd, to liste^t mlii
quick a«d diflEicult respratipiij^ ti!ptxi tlte irM#?î|
had exâded its violence ^tiao% eha.ii% talbles, and
211
bottles. A few cfcpops of rain tialieiji^ In the night

gmti m mmm^ v0& %^ choice disrtes of tlm
'pv^ ^ W^^Mi^yi^ by the Ras, " in order to keep

ihe savages in good humour," or, in other words, to
save them the trouble of stealing it ; and the musket
announcing relief of sentries was discontinued by
request of the same authority, lest the smell of
gunpowder might have a prejudicial eflfect upon
ite V^M^5aus appetites of Ife wages.
Befc»?e #^ oiief of tfe lioîê trffe Hj;
SoiimuE arriving: wiih a hungry and dissatisfied
retimie^ ^ halt was proclaimed, to the end that
they also might be fed, pacified, and propitiated.
The potentate was duly introduced by Izhdk as a
most particular friend, who had journeyed a long
way for the express purpose of making the ac-
quaintance o£l#;Kt^M^ eljOTge ; and a de^ nm^^
visit waa to inquire by whose authority so formidable

a party of foreigners were being smuggled through
the country, and how it happened that they were
suffered to build houses wheresoever they thought
proper? — this last allusion having reference to the.
tent, whi^ %^ again been pitched, and i^ very

sapiently cm^^^^^d to bt^-ft peiriiiWîâ^^
t^bjieeti of iindfimiiiehel etiriosity during th4 wh<M

^ 2
212
^feba ^tilfe t^^^ day; a greasy iUt^ît^' 3?^fe^^

wM^ 0?ûjM tte tent j&m m mtlf %m^ Mi^
O0ntkiii% temfwced by weary of the
patties
debate held iirmiediate^NOtttside, which lasted until
the going down of the sun. Each new visitor, after
staring sufficiently at the white faces, invariably
exclaimed " Nubeeo," " Holy Prophet," a mark of
undisguised disapprobation, which was furth^Bl?
eiîted by every o$i€m*^<?^ ife 413 ^^tetljr
c<itteid(| ^% his Mm of proprxie*St ^

eaMnf ^ iteîîi&jSiag the headL mol taiite ^
hat instead of woA^v a pound of sheeps' tail fat, or
blowing the nose with a handkerchief in lieu of
with the fingers. Paws were nevertheless inces-
santly thrust in at every door, accompanied by
reiterations of the Dankali verb to give," used
ijtthre imperative mood the never-ending din
; M
^ Ba, Ba/' being ixncoupled with anj 1^- mm
#f tte 6f^miOLi»Kty lî^b^— %
giglilil|?0 tfeafc
h^lô demanded was a ready recipii^ Ipr liny

spare article that might be forthcoming.
A long and tedious palaver, in which voices oc-
casionally ran extremely high, at length terminated
in a general uprising of the senators. Izhdk was
saenOTrling his scanty side locks in token of ^<t3tory.
Xhe. eHil lt«^ >e<5<^m# aai^figtS trff Urn temporary
tia*ilre trf the te^m^SmhiWled tlife *^<3fari3Stitax
two of th^ âav^^s had thrust a

dogs," after one or
spear blade through, the Cfiixvass; and tk'^ m^l^
contents haying to a mastn hmn suffidmtly craioaned
ani Jîig ingeniously contrived to il&M Ifeeif t&jie
to^ StCCOttnt by stealing one of the mulif*
Many significant glanjcea had been

over portions of the baggage that had unavoidably
been exposed ; but a night of redoubled vigilance
was cut short by a summons to relinquish sleep and
bedding at two in the morning, and a march of
m^rtettt mil@]8. 0^ vast BiGmml fl#. isonducted
tm the plain of KellClt TM X^ ^t}tg 0m

base of the low 3?a%^ Mm&t ikltm^
abundance of coarse grass concealiiig lava pieces
and volcanic detritus, the prospect being bounded
by distant blue mountains towering to the peak of
KiifFal Ali. A korhaan rose at intervals, wild and
noisy as 11^ chattering kindred in th^ Bouth, but
few othier animated aatEtrt ^Bv^^tajJ "^m
fiigtt^ t)f
maTOh. In the grey o£ Ife Mcaa^g^ a

buin jbatâma ambled psyst wfih mm
message to the savages at Amddoo, and, ipmi him
was obtained the disagreeable intelligence, which
subsequently proved too true, that not a drop of
water existed over the whole of the wide plain
within a day's journey, and that the station beyond
im thi^S3ag^ tilb*% V^^^ lihîr flocks
aad h^ds fi^m all the csoimtiy i:»ouiadj at iJifej tie
, After a hot B^y wiis agaSia ovei^

$11
cast, and sufficient rain fell to jjîd'^-^^y one wet

and mmm^Gfi^WBk mllwi^: filling the pools, m
^hecMaag €m ik^ pmrn^^W^ of ^ ite^t^tjf imtde
^fei, irhiek eoTered. every part of the grdfUiid. Ab-

Mnc^0£'^?îed?-l$4 to another midnight march, and
the moon affording little light, the road was for
some time lost, though eventually recovered by the
sagacity of a female slave of Mohammad All's, when
all the lords of the creation were at fault. This
damsel, who always led Mcm^m^ 0
Matea^ ^w^dk fhe wnl^^ m the-World
in her most laughing moods, and the appearance of
her daughter could scarcely fail to elicit the mirth
of the most sedate beholder. A small round bullet
head, furnished with a well-greased mop, and a pair
of moist brilliant eyes, formed the apex of a figure,
wMch, in other respects, was that of the concen-
trated.^gfeas^% j^MM^ system of glelbe^ Milt
lb^0m belifed^ âgit^ti^ ^y a tremiile'et l^tea.^
iim a# €he short fat legs iipaparfî
motion. Ablue kerchief tied jauntily over the
head — ponderous wooden ear-rings, fashioned on
the model of ChubVs largest lock — a necldace of
white beads, and a greasy leathern apron slung about
the unwieldy hij^s without any remarkable regard
to ^mmcj—^m^pM^ ihiSi corpulmt ^hairas of the
mmîmm m^mkim^Mm In^Mm^ Mtm tnfaUibly

Imm ensujred ^ îmM to the ô^romii-
mSTORAL SCENE, 215
fot «3T0^»î iifilli^* ^#1© te^ffiimaibli. iof tbfe i^lafej
•^fliich becomes gradually shut in by roundeii. Jiills
enclosing a dell choked with low thorns, and

tenanted by the galla-Jielaf^ a strange species of
antelope, having a long raking neck, which imparted
the appearance of a lama in miniature. As the day
Ijisp&ej and herds were observed advancing
flocks
feim iSfvery quarter a sfciptd oii
gaining the hmw <tf tlie^ Ismi Mtt avÂangimg tfe^

halting-groimd, a confused lowing of beeves and
bleating of sheep arose from the deep ravine below,
whilst the mountain sides were stiâked with num-
berless white lines of cattle and goats descending
towards the water.
Arriving at the Wady KilluUoo, a most busy scene
preaeart^d ttêll^ Owing to the genâ^ 0f wa^r
flooks md Ji^Ms had assembM fmm fm m3i wid%

aiid they were tended by picturesque members of aE
the principal tribes of Dandkil composing the Debe-
nik-W6ema, as well as from the Eesah, the Mudaito,
and their subordinate subdivisions. Dogs lay
basking on the grassy bank beside their lounging
masters ;
women, B^n^^mxg to thf mtnato^l îSh^
* The reader who may not feel thoroughly satiated with
miles and furlongs, as embodied in this narrative, is referred to
the Appendix, ^hbm ftt^y^ wM It^lM Sk % Uivikt
fbOTu
f L camel-goat^
P 4
âi^fe gtifiêd ^ tite <5<m§3gtency of uaiir^ «t4
redolMt of iioUutioii; tliatis^ds Blsm'^x ^^^7
and goats, assembled in deî^ masses in and idfotilid
the dark, deep, pools, were undergoing separation
by their respective owners, before being driven to
pasture and, with the long files that ascended and
;
descended the mountain side in every direction,

imparted the bustling appearance of a great cattle
mm^GMf^ 'MM te? cxt til ihrne mmtdd
a distance oix the table-land to the south-w^Bjfeward

of this important wady, which occupies a rugged
rocky chasm opening upon the KelMli plain, and,
receiving the drainage of all the southern portion
of the Oobnoo range, disembogues during the rainy
Si^0»^ mte^tlit telte^ at jto^* ^mnr during this,
the hottest ]p0]rti<^ of ihk^ yea% witen the lefttiw
country elsewhere M rocky pools em^
#ry, its
bedded in soft limestone, tainted with sulphuretted

hydrogen, and abounding in rushes and crocodiles,
afford an inexhaustible supply, without which the
flocks and herds of the entire arid districts by
which it is surrounded, could not exist.
To h^Mm mxA mules of the Embassy
it Urn
mdjM^ fm a new Imm 0 Hfej shOft ftû^h i%
proved to man^*. Two of tlte il^roter tod eleven of
the latter had already been left to the hysenas, in
addition to the animial feloniously abstmcted by the
A LAWLESS CQMMUJÎXy* 217
4& $Mmk& to be mmgmm, Btit slllym^h Ike

pleasure of another meeting with the rohher chief,
whereupon he rested his delusive hopes, was shortly
realised, and brought with it a train of concomitant
inconvenience, no mule was ever restored. Not one
of these petty Adaiel tribes are subject to that
B0n^ 0f |y more pwtdW J^Mt^m maibm^ mM:%
often tends to their ultimate improvemittt* 'Tbm

influence of a chieftain is here littlemore than
nominal. All affairs are decided in council by a ma-
jority of voices ;
and, were it not for the fact, that,
save during the existence of a common danger, no
individual ^tmiî&^ tW wM. a»f4 la;^leBBcom-

mumty over whom he affects to preside, mi§ht in
all rêcts be a|^TOpriatdy deaigxiat#d a reptiblie*
<MIM0X!B I>3B1ÂTES AND INTOLEKABLB DMjAlt^ AT MB
HALP-WAY STAGE.
jQWit^L^hsbd been unloosed by arrival at KilluUoo,
wMch is considered exactly half from the sea-
coast t6 the frontier of Abyssinia. But although

the worst portion of the road was now behind, the
Embassy was destined to waste many days of ex-
istence in this vile spot, amidst annoying debates
gypeS cl^sii(>B% mmt trying to the patience^
threataTOd to teimjiiiate mpleasimlly mimH
wgh fe> jt?€sait in tê Elîidonmmt of the1b^§^%
as affording the only prospect left of ever reaehing
the destination.
From the very first moment of arrival, Izhdk,
whose sole object ever appeared to be to render
himself disagreeable, devoted his talents and ener-
gies to the establishment #f % miiiijmiBrstanding,
upon MM Mmhm ôiiii^s <5f MtiaJXimai^ i^H
Mîjg h^ti mjfiferad to âtiribtite a msM ^^^titjr
of i^^mm^ iu m^T^ lo g^l iM. ^
some paaaiiig imr
pleasant visitors. " Who gave that man tobacco?"
be cciptiously vociferated, bouncing into the teot as
219
iit#rfga?î€^ mik tidy fi:^03!Hâi^?ei^ m Bai i^ IKIifi-
lah, wMch cannot be borne." And the explanation

iaffoarded not proving at all to Ms satisfaction, lie
roundly declared his determination of resenting the
insult by throwing up the charge, and returning
with all his paid retainers to Taj lira.
Mohammad Ali being now in the heart of his
own muniJ^^ aM having rendered himself ^-
alJ^ s^ôt^d imi^^î to rn^î Mb-

4Mm i^^theim In tM
iaoatet ^ ^îm^m.
Izhdk as unflinchingly maintained his 3?e$olution,
as brother to the Sultan of Taj lira —a point
whereon he greatly piqued himself — to hold the
reins exclusively in his own hands, or to decamp
with th^ ®mels and the Embassy, avowing them-
;
0#f^ to M
merely trm^hM ^mmgk the <i50i»iti*y^
d^^TOiJSL of HCSOneiHating all pattfes, msSi of inter*
ferjiig with none, maintained the strictest liaa*
trality, and declined mixing at all in the dispute.

It was already dusk when a visit was received
from the three principal persons of the countless
multitudes assembled. These were Ibrahim ibn
H^meido, Akil of the Hy Somauli, whose dominion
esst^n^t §t6m ^tmM% ta Suggag^dan ; and the
ite HaÔj who Îte idth Ms teoth^ Jfeigô

Ldd the government of the Derm^la, the
the Rookhba, and the Miân, collectively fênd-
22a THiEVJBs AND wimm^
tokens of good- will they brouglit oxen, sheep, and

bags of sour milk but, owing to an obvious disin-
;
clination on the part of IzhAk and his sulky col-
leagues to promote conversation, the interview was

extremely and dates,
stiff; coffee, and snuff having
been duly handed mind, ^ 'ilhx^fkm vwi^mi
signifying m ImteBtfott ctf îÛfsing <jertaia topics
4iefarted ^te ^^rf#sfc|ti ft^hion of the counti^^

without going through the ©ereim>iiy of taking leave
of their entertainers.
A vast concourse of armed natives, members of
all the various tribes assembled, had in the mean-
time convened immediately on the outskirts of the
mtiaîi^fe thairhole Mght
'^^ksî^m&Mml supplies of
^*ri:# was shared by Izhik and by Mo-

iliscussion
hîmmA Ali, with their respective partisans and

retainers, and it continued during the whole of the
next day meanwhile the tent being perpetually
;
thronged with thieves and idlers, who purloined

whatever fell in their way, and contrived frequent
%h(^m0mi i^ whole of tîâ^tujigisi^^

p^t of thj^ day folloigdng, the Wtogling among fh^
221
tribes .ôaiitiued witli, MM- %h^mm% mtermis-
]^ties, to hold private kaldms^ and after much

33Ciysterious whispering, again resuming their seats
in the general assembly. The question of prece-
dence between the elders, already adverted to, and
the propriety of suffering so large a party of armed
Franiks to -ptstmS^^ mt<> ,iL%^W% iferJiEtied ikm prin-
cipal subjects of dl^^||#?3tti jpeviiiiiig
opiBioit m iSm latter gu^wm ^^m^ th^t ifeDl ^caaght
ta^ be compelled to aj^ttim^ if not to be put to death,

as unbehevers whose presence boded evil.
But the opportunity was also taken of arbitrating
old feuds and squabbles. Elopements were inves-
tigated and arranged, and all disputes and quarrels
of a private nature fuUy dilated upon and digested.
Kiaft^reds of raffiamt »te fra^ tte rising up
^ m& to the g^ciog km^ # tim mxculi
thTOIJghout the livelong night, f0»eS m a^
eircle j the chiefs and men of consequence in the
centre, and the venerable Ali Abi, with thin
floating snow-white locks, and highly ornamented
weapons, seated as president of the council. During
the lengthy discussion of each case, every spear
ftoo3l M th^ teA ^ ik^môv ; and
dî&i^S being proittijig#te% tht hri^ht wê
repeated, afti ai ili^ tfeitoanation of ig^v^^ verse, a

gmeral hum succeeding, the concurrence of all
pa^Fties was chanted in a de<^ istem Ameen I
m
KlUuUoo being the great mart between the Bedouin
t3dbe$ aoid the passing caravans ^ where the produce
<£#jdir fl^ka i% \m^^dm Mm i^îm «d oiba?
ii33p>?ti In dÊt$)ini, ^0 mWM <if tfet mptml of m
large a party caused mn %pouring from every
eaoh day presented at the rendezvous
.qil^rter^ ail^
some new group of exacting chiefs to be propitiated,

with a fresh train of thieving followers to be fed
and kept in good humour. Every greasy scoundrel
possessed a vote in the congress, together with
the iBctoia^fe^
poptiliar%:^md to canvass pul^Bdf^ûi â^sM^

ly as at a general election for a seat in parliament.
Ever and anon, a great noise and clamour, and
the rushing, spear in hand, of all the idlers to one
point, proclaimed a gentle passage of arms among
ilm ^savages, of wMch, mm ^mm ^ tm^
%mt retajgiikfei mmg the arowd by lijprigd
husband. But no sooner had the cold sleel hashed
from the scabbard, than the bullies were secured
by the bystanders, and being perfectly au fait at
the business, they were easily restrained from doing
each other any grievous bodily harm. In one
mafflfe a lo^falted fool wJio had with
singular engaged x^^ i^fMi^$k
ô It jJJ^^^ lifoast Jhit i^<mipm^ Msr
thiek wig someifhat tmpkasautfy shaved io the
223
ca^*i?ai<?0 ittSeed as^ ifc tom^d out, mnc^. &e mgljit

of bl00sl iiad tixe iftstantaneoils^ j^&^ -Qi ^m^g
the senatorial proceedings of the great conclave,
which had been all night sitting in deliberation,
so that its members were yawning in a state of
considerable exhaustion and owlish stupefaction.
Tolo, the quarrelsome little who thus
warrior
mMmly adjoiaMti^ iAm mmlm.% lmt ikm% p{ He
tee# iby th#^^ of tt e hiiîte^ M
Imd itijiiijied febmoi*^ w^yistha^ — TbAtheretaiiied
possession of the inconstant lady, and publicly
pledged himself^ that on his way back from H&,besh
he would take measures which should set the
matter at rest for ever.
The arrival from Shoa of a sl^ve caravan in
charge of Kajd
the persons of MVeirdiimidj^ t^^

of all ages, who sought shelter fyo^ the fierce rays
of the sun beneath the scanty trees which dotted

the rugged basaltic valley of KilluUoo, or lay huddled
together beneath the hot shadow of an impending
columnar rock. Each carried a small gourd as a
water flagon, and, although generally in good spirits,
Tam^'em toî be fomted by those who h$d

jmt achieved the low^ ÔifisiGea ci tim perilous aixd
formidable road.
" Have all my children amved in safety?" ijiq.uired
224 J. dHBXsTiAK Bommimi
h'impt^î^ Ûi itee merdhaut trlio brought up the
resPTy tenderly accosting hii^ mfetie^
to hold the bridle of his miilejL * -^ta?^"^ children

well?" Humdwlillah^'' was the reply of the coy
damsel, a really beautiful Christian from Gurdgue,
with long raven tresses, and a very pensive expres-
sion, who had been compelled to profess Islamism.
Honored with the caresses of Itm M Idgpted
]puTch^ser, the poor girll^ Ibeeii made respcxEi^l^l^
distinguished Sfcetesdf by a tas^ of^£^0tt Jfeaîls

iljuthe braided hair, and who weê now abotif to be
counted by their " father."
The son of the Kazi having brought letters from
Abyssinia, was shortly introduced by Hajji Kasim,
own cousin to Izhak, and by far the most reasonable
îilit Tajiira party. Being mfhe coaT^t (rf eoftire^^^^
atioB ^tfi#ly %lôg^*# tûehing #^ge. flf
title Bas d Eiffl^^ î^tiitoad
at once to his companion, and soliflMaly adjured
him by the beard of the Prophet to answer con-
scientiously the following questions. " A head is
a head, is it not, all the world over ? " " Of course,"

responded the descendant of the chief justice,
^ the?e a^m fee- JiO 4isputing that fact." " tail^ A
too, 6 4aU, Of !r:Bi^ continued
|ra»stitof Ms — 'Si^ ihis axiom
was ^m- -aiilieidtatiiigli^ iwiMII&d m %yon^ all
eontrovei*^ "PNB, tesuaÂ^^
iiattltetste Im^ ^hmpmî by a pilgriiEMige to
the darine at Medma; no l^fflÊ^M^j^^B^^^t^
l^^ l iStod so long ^ All M^gmiiia^- ister iS la
feet tlie ta31,/<5i^^ iteflia^liJîtl iLtte^
to usurp the authority vested in the brother of the
Sult&n of Tajiira^j otir acknowledged head^ matters
can never go on smoothly."
The old man was quietly reminded that the raw
tobacco, which had given rise to so much heart-
hnimmgf bickering, and dispute, the sole pro-
perty 1^ ifeha BasliîBc party, a&i #ta^> i^Mh every
deferenct tt^ IzM^^ mp^&^ aathority^ some
eqsptepoi i^ht with ft)fpmty be conceji^ to Mm
own^s their own wares but that as to any

;
interference in the quarrel for the Ras el Kdfilah-

ship, the thing was clearly impossible the business —
having already been faUy discussed and arranged
with due lim^l piîimce, by the Sixltdn, in some
twenty ttlfettt lis^mjfei^^^ wilh. i}m mM^l^^ym^M
#
iC^tSra; Md%
had be^ KêA^
ing tpf i^f^t^tion with a dark scowl upon his
brow, now entered as if by accident, twirling his
scanty locks, and beaming with smiles ;
proof of
his restoration to good humour being immediately
afforded in the extension of his right hand, not to
perform the usual ceremony of reconciliation, but
^ i^mr tp tie jfatat hmxg filed with a sulficiency
Hqpîsr imre tiow repoas^bly entertained pf an

226 "Bij> BOTOA x^shXllah/'
the tetm^ *Mq1i it was eotijectured the leader of

the caravan would receive at the hands of His
Majesty of Shoa. Mohammad Ali had already been
privately satisfied upon this point ; and Izhdk, in
order to strengthen his own claim, falsely asserted
himself to have received by the Kdzi's son a letter
SibtM iS^JILssie, appom^m^ tfe S^^t&i. <rf f
ft-
B^m %> visit Biaûitea; i^.%0sM^^ Bat ihe

congress still s^t as usual. The dispute arranged
to-night was renewed at morning's dawn, as though
it had never formed the subject of dehberation; and
at a period when the near approach of rain in the
higher regions, and the consequent flooding of the
HiirMbi of Utto^st im«
fm^mB^ m^ ik^ #%iife$t prospect of depa^rtiire
could be discovered^'! MjimS. oiNctfii*6d mmt-
ance, as often followed by disappointment ^^BM
bokra Inshallah^^ " If it please God^ the di^y afteir to-
morrow*"
CHAR XXVIL
PERSECUTIONS OF TOTS 0A^HKItET> CLAHS,^^— JPAMIIW*
TMBmmmf '&M period irifesojue ieî4<)8^ 4fe
thermometer stood daily at 112°, and the ;t0i!^jera-
-lUlê smaU tent, already sufficiently oppressi'ê^
of the
was rendered doubly unbearable by the unceasing
obtrusions of the wild, dirty, unmannerly rabble who
filled the ravine. Imperiously demanding, not suing
for mvM^ beads, and t<>b^^% mth paper wlbpi?0aii1^
a^l^s, iliacî m iêir gv^mf p^tmm imtx

the first dawn of day to the mounting of the gu£^4
at night. Treating the pale-faced proprietors
with the most marked and contumely, they
insult
spat upon the beds, excluded both air and light,
and tainted the already close atmosphere with every
€^bominable sm^ Mtil^&Bs.of the greasy crcWil aotild
be persu^^d ^î^^ltmm^
yfm dt»23afc^ted$ Immjm^ ^Hiy iê-ere^fced
solely Jbr- Ms individual usfe m.^ ^geîinmodation.
Many attempted with their creeses to curtail the
much coveted blue calico with which it was lined,
Q 2
2m msWEim OIF CTB BM.
and one lank ruffian, who was detected leisurely

searching for a peg whe^pedit M ^Bfc.
eilfeâ^ #f 4 iiewly killed Imrgm^ imugM

int<>:a TpQi£ti?fe faff m mMf %ppm^ that
he must lo^jk lî? i§li$fri3aMf$ 4*ifevrh^0.
Neither on the part of those composing the cara-
van was much privacy allowed during the sultry

day, when seclusion was so highly desirable. Here,
as throughout the march, offensive camel-drivers
ototWâet ^sSmifivi^ withenlt any regard ^SfcteS" to
Hxm m ^mmi «cupying tb^ ^mWf ^somposing
themselws fe ^^^pmôupBîipc^ th^ mm
the table; andj #li:£t# they picked their ears and
teeth with the pens, or employed the knives in the
pleasing operation of paring their filthy talons,
spitting without remorse wheresoever they listed.
Hating and despising a Frank with all the zeal of
the bigot, they j^k imi^!^ wpm shaking haaad%
m la^3?ti#0% miih l^te most scrupulousâtteiab
ticoat^ BtoAMl g^qii^tfee^, Mtd wHb tjiilieâtîjg
alaority devoured the biscuits and sifaflbwed the
GoflFee of the " Christian dogs."
The despotic arrangements enforced by the Ras
el Kdfilah, although doubtless materially conducive
to his own personal convenience, and to that of his
ut^m(mDmÂ'^ti^g followers, wî?^; moreover far
filfflai^Q^^ the conafoii: of^haaBsttbassy . l^tmB
-^flti^ Wes, after having been mwêremoiiiously dashed
l^n the ground,inutterdis3îi,rd^pf remonstrance
ot of the fragile nature of the contents, had on this
sistati^ ^ 'iiâm md^s of a ^qmi^% wMcIi, mth ilm
addition of a few msbtS iilkiOT^ iaror tlie top, formed
a habitation fully as commodiotiS- as a Dankdli is
ever accustomed to. Any attempt to disturb the

economy of these tenements, by referring to the
boxes employed in their construction, being re-
g^rdtei'^^ acit^f premeditated injury and insult,
'Wl^ JieÛt^^ ; and as no portion of the bag-
occupation were very rarely obtate^la* In the

selection of his load at Taj lira, every self-willed
driver had suited his individual inclinations, and as
no persuasion could now induce him to deposit any
portion in a spot where it might be under suj?«?6il*
lance, the pipvtisions, placed 1>0]fî3i4 1^^^^
then? omraira^ tCa^^jMfe i&mî^^m^f'^m^j
Universal somnolency on the part of the hired

guard, had rendered two European sentries and an
officer of the watch indispensable throughout the
journey; and in such a nest of robbers as Killulloo,
the precaution was more than ever requisite, la a
fine #to**e, with a MmJi^ &>e in imnk *
waAch k from B^cb^ % âfce^^Kte &Qkf. Heife
it was tef<mi aH tihSmp mm^x^. fa<&ig up and
io^ #0 WfiMB iSStyodden ground, tioîgep the
heavy eyelids on the sttetch, in order to ;^reveixt the

Q 8
330 oCTicEE 0^ im wUxm.
prowling Bedouin from pilfering a bag of dates, or
to detect tbe lurking assassin, who iii %e jftailt
creeps Wm m laHW Beast to perpetrate M^âstipfdljr

da^^ ^ wmf Imwimm it w^n tm^
^
dered more pa-rticularly Mteful from the ra^k

offensive steam, which arose thick and hot from
the small circle in which the beds were spread.
Stifling exudations mouths of one
from the fetid
hundred and seventy camels that fed on the most
disgusting rubbish, filled the suffocating atmosphere,
whif^fi impregnated with ^tîiaiiiffl W0m îfe
from tiii^ vm^M 0m^-'^ ^^ St, wJsaaemli
Among the motlej^ tm^ m^^^^<^ at this

crowded watering-place, were the endless tribes
of Adaiel, with broad-headed spear and shield
of high antiquity —
the coast SomauH, armed with
light lance and diminutive wrinkled buckler, scarcely
larger it fcêait— ^îid Mst iimt^fc iteai#
Ee$$i& T)ro|be|^ ^ long $¥fW^ Ibo^ ffee ^
mdmi fom, with iM imSU hm4t îdt aîâver
of poispjxed arrows slung by a lion's iml^ ^hese
latterwere by far the most conspicuous, as well
as the most agreeable figures. Their togas, al-
though not less filthy than those of their neigh-
bours, were thrown more gracefully over the
hvmnj B)mM0i fif^la»*^^tie' weapons were
bgac^^ wlflbt m tte haMi ^ alone impart ;
over their raven looks in token <yf bloody 4eed^,
1
EESAH HIMROBS. 231
jaeariy of kugliing, imt^gent, andirt

from ijii|2i©aiâ^ coîiitigmiae^— a aîgMfttVj^^
at att eteirts &qm mm^B^ immw^^mhioi
the exacting! mid impracticable Dandkil.
The W6ema, deeming unlawful the use of the
bow in their own persons, maintain upwards of one
hundred Somauli archers, originally prisoners of
war, who, although naturalised among their con-
qix«roi!% retlditflimroWiJEnguage, and^w^^mte-
maay. Êe hiintiiig ponfi^ja of 156^% '|rfb%
"who are-ieaigiifitted ^*Bo^/* ttsuîly m^y % wMb
bamboo flute, the wfld plaintive cadence of which
is believed to charm the ostrich. Their hair, with
the aid of suet, is often dressed in the figure of the
"pudding" worn by children during their first
lessons in the art of walking and deeply graven
;
0^ tfee^ for^^d. of each t<j :N the masonic
3ubj6^ts of ibn tmf be styled a nation of

hunters, ujaay being proprietors of trained ostriches,
which graze during the day with the flocks in the
open plain, and have their legs hobbled at night, to
preclude wandering. These gigantic birds are em-
ployed with great success in stalking wild animalSj
n ^^jîii^ ^mk^ SmM mm^mt um —lashed
below itiB- WS^ of irM^t archer U MM^d
among the unstisiêcjtiii^ Itjgy^, his ';âi?Qirs,
poisoned wi|h tteiid^ îk^mpfimâ miiiûotumr

deal death on ewry
Q 4
333 HOW TO mmi^ A ôwi.."
itre mtoi&tste^ of tlie tMck Mîer of tfel^ oi^r

hBi?e Btyfe^dl the Bdeza. Two buckleris of a foot ol*
eighteen inches in diameter, fetchiiig ea(di fqux

tobes of blue calico, value two dollars, are obtained
from the animal's fore hand; and from the hind
quarters are cut others of smaller dimensions, such
as are in use among the pastoral Somauli. Ostrich
im^k^m $m jîEfcipaliy ofetaiaed ttmi the
I iMamaltl^ ptotoe% "whm stripped fym
the jfli&i^footed bird, being depdsiteil for^ the
ymkim^ <d i^^^ge^ in potiica^. ojf the gullet^<3at
to the proper length. The pro^^paJ-Bued by these
children of the desert in the preparation of smaller
fowls for the table, if not strictly in accordance
with the directions of Dr. Kitchener, can, at all
events, claim ingenuity. From some superstitious

mîimf ilm ^fijo^je^ iE# m& ttie mm%
mSi tM mmmf mMm^^ lite hai?tog
irf eiatrails^
been mc^^; in h t^M^ tefe a hm Sm"^

clirj^ -
on removal whence the feathers are left adhering

to the paste, and in culinary fhvsm^^f *Hhe
bird is done.''
Crowds of Bedouin shepherdesses, and females

belonging to all the various nomade tribes, were
likewise assembled in the KilluUoo ravine, and the
Qtf of ^wikim^ i^^^tt^ " paper, paper! ^ mm -
ineessaitt on the pa^ of i|k^ m^S^ g€g8;y^h0^ wiiii a

licen<je tiiifenown and a fiêedom Vijii^^î. fey ê
233
darft^teus irf Eva in othei* Jfîiammadm eotmtries,
without exciting the jealousy of their lords. From

the lips of these damsels, MahissS^ Mahisseni!^'
" Manina Uni ? " Good morrow! " How do you
do?" came not disagreeably; and trinkets such as
they loved, being civilly solicited, instead of impe-
iîottdy dîeMbiided, the appHcpji^ w^re rarely ua*
attd atfa*^ve ttêa^ partner mS.

sister of Mohammad Ali — their wedded and single
state being as usual distinguishable, from the coif
of blue calico which marks the wife, and by the
long uncovered plaited locks of the maid. As-
sembling with many of the frail sisterhood at the
ôm at temt, where^ êê ttsually
loaiQâ^ ill ciki^ks^ atliWd^% -thef tlfe-
Unwilling to throw the apple of discoyd, ihs^ mirror

was placed in their hands, that the coquetted migM
judge for themselves; and after each in succession
had started involuntarily at the sight of her own
greasy charms, and had defended the individual feei.'
im^& whm^ôi 41^0 ^1% to the utmost of Ker
eloqixence apai ^îlti^, V5î# 'wm fift#y Ibft^d
in f(Pl)iii? ti the viigto datighler t^f ^
old jsheikh.
Althou^; tjê m^^tj <rf tb^ slayes imported

with the ts^Siym feom Abyssitda of tender
234
frnm^ IMMj^ <>f 1^^^ ^g^sfecroely pretty, they
antidpated* OMlimîiilciafed t0 ^^sKry Mm mA

toImmh tj?^tment in their own country, they had
VQie^mA^f ^^^tj0îMA M.mBehres to the will of their
new masters, whose obvious interest it was to keep
them fat and in good spirits. With few exceptions,
all were merry and light-hearted. Recovered from
the fatigues of the long march, there was nothing
Outdancing, singing, and Jpi&inping ; lil#iCmgE
many wo^^ m m 0f jfl^toêWyi w^^wefe fmm^ ^
m opposed to every principle of h^m^tdtff 5s|gM

m&m hm^ }m^n conjectured to be proceeding on il..
party of pleasure, than bending their steps for ever

from their native land.
A very limited number of Shankelas and a few
natives of Zingero excepted, the whole consisted of
OMstisma and Umihem fern #t3,rdgue, whence a*t
carried to an extent frigii^l as to impart the

name of the unhappy province as a desigB;a.tiQn. for.
slaves generally. Nearly all of both sexes, how-
ever, had already become passive converts to the
Mohammadan faith, and under the encouraging eye
of the bigoted driver^ iiaths by the false Prophet
tôuinB^^ trough the mmp* Wi^^4wi^^ 'vtButb.
feaxîjî «ge frm4x to îifl^

an4 ail were <^ alike m îi^mMm smocfcs of
AbyssiniaBL ipaaiittfaetute, €idorned insome instenaces
mth m% i^ m^&m^ Thm lm§ dark tressBg,
€hkmî^ grease^ wê fluted mto tMa xmdB
with tassels at the extremity, and interwoven about
1^ head with a band of coloured thread, to whMl
was suspended a distinguishing cluster of cowry
shells. Bead necklaces, pewter ear-rings, bracelets,
and anklets, decorated the persons of the prettiest
and these ornaments, forming the stock in hand of
#a iîwie^ Mm iî^m^ ^h bargain
'
h&jf^^^^t to purchased
1)6
Each slave was provided wi^lr,v^ <51?«fcê of water, and

had walked the entire distance accomplished from
the heart of Africa, with an endurance that in children
was truly surprising.
especially of such tender years
A very few only, who had become weary or foot-
sore,, hdl tett mrnni^^ om i^^Hm ^ ^ciêls, or
provided with 0X-feMi^ mmm
sharp lava boulders. The males, had

chiefly boys,
been entrusted with the charge of camels, and

required no compulsion to render themselves use-
ful and of the females, some, who boasted per-
;
sonal charms, occupied the position of temporary

BiiBtresses. lônt hs^gBhm^^^ oi parched grain,
OOtnprising a npsiaf0 <^ ^li^ mm^ Md$% atid
gram, feppmad the îljr JSod #a^5 tod mM^
the charge of the most inte11%ea% -.^^ ^^pQ^^fes
droves slept huddled together on imU Bpretd ttpon
2m
the ground. Some surly old drivers or ivniton
joutlis Itoet 'WW^f Wbjb ^pp^^^ to prefer
%0lit^mn of 1^ wMf 1# 1^ mou^ g^fe pr^w
îte (df'^0i*i#; ter iii iiie trifling puiiiiteien.t ia-
flicted there was nolMag fe ?^»3d the spectator (tf
the horrors of slavery m mtee^sed in the western
world.
Few caravans ever traverse the deadly Adel
plains without losing some slaves at least by the
of the ^tel^tft or by the wmixt&n M^mr
^nltrin36®!S
of the aiâc^ harjfe$» Scree of the :te»e3e<ifeffit*s
J^byssinia, and at was now

his instigation a foray
cjoncerting among the united warriors of the two
caravans, having for its object the destruction of
the neighbouring Wurb6ro Galla, whose families
were to be swept into captivity. In this unpro-
voked slave-hunt the Embassy were strongly xtrged
to i^ke part, but poaifit#y t^dfusing the aid of
British mutketi m SoiHkmmm of my aii^h ol|e<^t,
the project was finally abandoned, mor^ especially
when a TbuawBy ShamkeK thf l^r^perty of the
Kdzi's son, was one morning discovered to have
effected his escape during the night, doubtless with
the design of carrying to the unsuspecting tribe a
timely inthnation of the gathering storm.
QiîiTOt:i& m^wM^ went -on m nmm^t
ft^sh ifîsfoSOâueiils ft¥liv0t t&
therîtt^ Tljyiiag^ of -^laEfintted; M
dide ill m if htmg tiL|H&ia wires, to stanti cross-
237
legged ^ji&ig fldot # lîfe i&mt

curiosity was satfeAed^ and Aeji t0 a^sjiMa^ ^
m #L# ooD^ress. Hajji
nephews of Ali Shermdrki, listening
Abdal^ ^
"bf turns,
brought hourly reports of the progress making
towards final adjustment, and " Bokra^ Inshdllah
"To-morrow, God willing!" the now undeviating
reply to every interrogatory relative to departure,
|i0.d beop»€i It per^tsfe ][^^Tr^t^ lit every moniii- M
Ittiigthj^ ^Slh, it ^QQCdtp^sly announced
bond fide been satisfactorily arranged that the —

water-skins were to be fiUed m
the evening before
the flocks and herds should return from pasture to
trouble the pools — and that the journey was posi-
tively to be resumed betimes on the morrow.
tTpon *^lcome ^msimsm Urn ibree
though witt cios^d doors at tieir own reqii^t^^la

order that each might be invested with a turbîi
and an honorary mantle of scarlet broad-cloth, as
rewards of their villany. A most difficult point
of etiquette had now to be overcome. The Akil
of the Hy Somauli, whose liege subjects had ab-
stracted tlj^mul^ firom JFI&îrai. ^ boôm 0fend
«tidpa?t^3i of I^l^k^ irhilll th0 illustidom^ per*
sonag^ wlo in i-îfl digi#y on eite? ^Be
were near and dear relatives of Moliammad Ali
and the rivals respectively watching with jealous
eye every act that could be construed into favour
S38 THE MTAXS QWW^TTBD^
mi^d. M^SMAf MM feed M-

•pref&^mt the jpêse^ta^?^ these
viaHe distmctions froxa the Bfiti^ âtipWEimi^^
The presents were therefore <mi^ tspji^^ im*
mediately qgpomte to the respective parties^ md
thence simultaneously launched with the same arm
into the laps of the confronted recipients; when
each bundle, even to the envelope, being found the
exact counteiâart of l&e ot]ier% im grnmd^ for
jealousy or h^Bxt-hw^g mM ^^ imk^
#te***B*iWb el bayzah," the imp whose acquaintance
was formed in tjxe- harbour of Tajiira. Detected
in the mischievous dissemination of evil tales re-
specting his clansmen, and in circulating others of
an equally discreditable tendency, purely the fruit
ctf hfe mtu fertife iairmtionj aiffeoting the throng

ittMJliiIfo^ he hibil»ewa i^n^MM hf£hwm^
iL^ba0^B€î^^ whrn. W^wmBe without
furthM iflo. The bloodtMr&ty Kttle savage, who
had not numbered his fourteenth year, being seized,
was tied to a tree, and most severely chastised.
His passionate cries and shrieks under the lash had
reached the tent during the interview now happily
terminated, and flo sooner Was he tftei ôn^
thiasi M^îwm Tia^^^ to lodge hiiô0[|!rî(i3^
Ifo^ i^j^&ct0r|r m^Mmg tim ;^^mmm^

fmiSoi%nî^^m& li^l^Rifeînth wBdfe he mdmdj
went through the form of disembowelling a pros-
trate foe. Hi© feelings thus relieved, he dried his
A PROMISING ASSASSIN. 239
eyes, and, with a significant toss of the head, re-

marked as he walked away, " 'Tis of no conse-
quence, '
mapMshj no importance whatever ; but
by the grace of God I shall cut the throat of that
cousin of mine, before I am many days older!"
^40
CHAP. XXVIIL
SURNAMED " THB MÎ^** FÂI* BSC^j^l X0 WJ^-

AMILLI.
desperate tliaJi ever. The night of this

day of good tidings setting in with a storm of dust,
followed by a heavy fall of rain, a party of Be-
douins scoured unperceived through the camp, and
in spite of every precaution swept off many articles
t}mmgtm i^r^m-Mn M alfesîon, togetite^ 'iriSk the

bedding of one of the eSoo^Jt.^ An incessant bom-
bardment of large stones was kept up during the
whole night from the thick underwood in the vici-
nity, directed as well against the sentries on duty,
who paced the same weary ground for the ten thou-
sandth time, as aga,inst the positioji otselifii^ by
mm^mi ôm th^ tai?|>miitm wMek like tate had

rendered indispensably t^îved a sevî^ cOftWiion.
Mohammad Ali, in a state of evident alarm, caiixe
as toon a^ the shower had abated to say that there
241
existed no prospect of the

march being resumed in
accordance with the solemn promise of the Eas el
K^filah } mBi tMf Ifeefing longer iitoble to ^fe^^

for the ^vm of Ihe party amongst mLi^ % C<»igre"
gaiôn of lawless i^ttffiadit^ toJpoiis of con-
ducting to Shoa on horseback all who felt so
disposed, leaving the hea^ k^g8@a^ to be secured
by his father as far as circumstances would admit.
Should matters unfortunately reach the decided
crisis Avhich there seemed every reason to appre-
hend, the son of Ali Abi was clearly the staff
Whêm t0 Tely, hk i2idter<3t«i^0^ m& Buropeans
ha^vto^ t€toiiri# Tim w&m^ la^m
h^mmm^ ^mn tte^ of to M&h shîBf
mvak| fetit ^tlio^lgll hâms and altercations had
again commenced, a sense of duty for the present
precluded the adoption of his project.
Morning of the 29th dawned upon no prepara-
tions for departure, and a fresh source of detention
was indeed fottnd to„ have arisen from a clifet mm
for prmaS^^ put m by Ibrahim SheMm, the;3iti-
glotts mms^m ^
^tm teibe i;Mi^ wllg^ miifes: iit
'
the DaadH Jiaôix ne^tt to that of AMI, to wli0k
the brother of the reigning Sultdn b^loa^S, Another
tedious day of insult and debate ensued ; but the
question was at length disposed of by the congress,
who decided the fiery little warrior to hold place
second to Izhdk in the conduct of the kdfilah, to
tte estclnsion of Mdltammad Ali, throiigh whose
tribe the party w^Mittpirifec^ p«
Mmm ot HIT msmm-
Again it was announced with due formality that
all mîi€m at imm -p^m^^f mtMrnto*
distributed among the weî^ 'flis^l^l^nts, they were

finally induced to disperse iîacli carrying his tobe
folded in triangular form, and stuck, as if in tri-
umph of his plunder, like a placard, at the end of
a slit stick. Ibrahim ibn Hdmeido, Akil of the Hy
Somauli, left at his departure a clump of twenty
bold spe&OT^/i0 j^^fr tife^ to the batiks
of the H&wasli J, m^^ ^m ^h^Mxig ImMs-wllfe: ^(|h
of £kB %mmp!mL M the i>eiiî<stim
amdn illak,*^ h0d^ the whole ^Tarik is mld^mf
God speed upon the road.
Ibrahim Sheh^m Abli, appropriately surnamed
by his compatriots " Shaytan," or The Evil One,"
carried a great soul under a very diminutive person j
mi being a pei^feeife Ikiostim m% TggtfeîtfeWy
sence than could ht^ffe desired. Ko- nts^îm^

it pitched than the conSiequential little man strutted
in as if by previous invitation, and, with an air that
left no doubt as to the side on which he considered

the obligation to lay, spread his mat in the least
convenient position that could have been selected
t0 tfe^ ISiWful proprietors of tfee i»t€?ri03?. By virtue
of a blate ifMdi ife li^ Mi^Ji^ Tbaeii liffittflt iQ
tnaderstan^^ he eomdered himself entitled to the
243
in common witk tlie Eas el K^fil^ two large

liandfuls of rice.
Elated by his recent advancement, he this even-
some hours on the table, sud-
ing, after sleeping
denly bounced upon his legs, and assuming an
attitude of mortal defiance, which his contemptible
presep,t?e ri^mier^ irdlf iiêrting, exelgjmei WiS,
ih^ mmt mBg^vMBA wmt of 0mt;mp, *•
Ifoii
Wmnks don't know who I wtreatyou
me with more respect. I am Ibrahim Sheh^m Abli,.
who slew the chief of the Mudaito in single combat,
and" — placing the hand of one of his audience in a
frightful chasm of the skull, which afforded ample
ropm for three fingers and a half — " here is the
woiattd X jE?0e^red upoti tiW? caîqsaîote. Do you
e)DfSM5#re4J^^ always immmt i6 imdm the
piligr p&tance of rice with ifMA I have Mtherto
be^n put off? DouMe the ft?«LJity immediately,
and see that I have my proper share of dates and
coffee too, orby the head of the Prophet we shall
not long continue on our present friendly terms.
An Arab of desperate fortunes, the ancestor of
this iûgnsLC^m ^tB^ h^^ concealed
Mijas^de^^ mong the speading
bir^ticheaof a Wm^ tiiid Ma *:p0n?tls^f ha^g ia-
jfeced the simple-minded villagers to repair to th^
spot in the dusk of eveningj the iatruder^ on beitig
was accosted deferentially as a spirit.
discovered,
BeêaBng himself under the character gr#t j^:3^
%0&hj t% mm # mtM? m$ mliâted to
It^fc^KiyS; m3 l5€K5ê-031^ Qf Ifct feS^ J but to this
hiî^miprM hf np mfim^^<^m^t until a pledge had

been passed to recognise him as its chief, and assign
as his own the whole extent of country visible from
his elevated perch, which done, he was pleased to
alight, and became the father of Bfaw. 'Tis
fe ^ IsKber ia^jt or the ©ottMi j'^be -ôulct, Mfe
a lifeless trunk been left beneath the treê td .naaii

the interview.
Throughout the sojourn of the Embassy at
KilluUoo, Izhdk had peremptorily insisted upon the
tent being struck at sunset, lest the display of so
iiauch wMfe itnd blue clath Mgh% excite tb^ 42Upi^
dity of ^ preparatioiitilpafe^
have bem the mean^^ oi wMng the never very

jplncid temper of his now second in command. T%M
aversion of the Ras el Kdfilah to any thing like a
habitable structure being well understood, the un-
housed party amused itself at his expense, by the
erection of stone walls of considerable extent, as a
shelter during the-^dsming night of I'fitov ^^JttM^
3|>0t, %nd kieHiig over a portion of th^ fabrb iMi

245
the pointed toe of the very sandal that had suffered

i^€^!^4liiri^g the disagreeable deb^S;^ 0 Mnh-
]MU)^^fr*^lat lite tmm AUaJi 'BT00My
wbat h ike ti^m^g all this ? We shall have
our throats cut to a man if yaaTpieople persist in
there will be no rain to-night

!
this folly :
But the rain did fall in torrents, notwithstanding

the assurance of the Ras ; and although the ravine
was now comparatively clear of ragamuffins, stones
continued to rattle at intervals against the awning
€iredt0d fe? 11^^ ^ European, spitiâs,
ihitt p>Tilm (3i Urn parisy diity, MMmmîif

£ta hour's drenching, under thick heavy tarpaulins,
-wiiiM the fluid glided unheeded wer the ale^ppiiig
persons of the paid escort, who were well greased
and oiled, like wild ducks prepared for a long flight.
On the last day of the month, after nearly a

week's tedious detention in an insalubrious and
gia^ndepressing spot, suriôtmded by hhêh toaltie
reeMi "^Mm lIMe |piy^ edici^ be oh*iam€d^ .wIi;eTpe
wa.tex altie^ltcife]|i*3a^teii% was ex*rôa%.
where the j0ei*Sît<ms. <3i spâges, from
whOJia iirare was no escape, were unceasing, the
Embassy was again permitted to resume its march.
Every hour had seemed an age, and Galla gas- ^'
setoi^'^ the well-known cry to load, had therefore

ji^m b^ listêd t0 w|ih iaore heî^tfislt- delight.
IDiilfl; 3?eOT <^ tha spring 0f teft #0

-^tiiaii^ liz^h&k wm- Mtlf Mated ott %
was scaroely possible to b^liew that some fi?esh
B 3
cause of detention would not be discovered; but
the debates were at last over? md #a Etigants,
weary of nldn^ mw dkjmimm^ ^laJfefeft
The road: up the EilluUoo Wady, and

thence over a barren rise strewed with obsidian,
and with stones, the common pest of the country,
to Waramilli. An interesting sight was presented
in the line of march of a tribe proceeding in quest
ir#eft to* #0 northwa*^ —
% loiig of ilie^^
leathern petticoats, and feilpi iSafe

matting of portable wigwams, or the still ruder
implements of household gear. Whilst the females
thus bore heavy burdens slung across their breasts
or led the files of camels, upon which rocked the
long, raking, ship4ife^ iib^ tite dJsiidjmtled cabin,
the lazy lor^ s$;îi|]êtl TOg^^ljr flj^^^ eftOBiii-

!b^^d/with nmî mt^ the ^quipiaeiit of spear md
totMer, the ferocious aigfi^ of all giving amjfle
presage of the intentions entertained towards any
party less formidable than themselves.
Total absence of water on the route usually pur-
sued had determined the Ras el Kdfilah, after much
discussion and deliberation, to adopt the lower ftli^
shorter road, which, in eonseguê^vo£ €he fefeq,^
forays of tM 0all% i^la^

tomrmmB- Bat iKp4w4tlslatin^^ ^tuiSLdtia-? ^
r^mbh time hitd hem lost at |L^till<»o x&3m ^mh
247
persisted in halting^ |hltis aflFording to ffigli Mi

Mohmmxîd and Wayess ibn Hagaio an opportunity
of rejoining with a party of troublesome Bedouins.
The renewed discussions, which did not fail to
follow this influx of savages, together with the
artful assurances given of the danger to be appre-
lii^fii^ m. mw^ êoted, hadl sea^y jti?e^âlte(|
tcgm th§ au^Wfe tiWt lafe^ to IkMi^h b^
tipper road; but Ibrahim Shehem Abli, stepping

jforward in Im aiaw capacity, drew his creea% and
performing sundry not -to -be -mistaken gestures,
swore vehemently upon the sacred Kordn to rip up
the belly of the very first blockhead who should
attempt a r^trograd^ step — his object doubtless
bang t0 t1iTO4$*life^^ Mtyhmmî. Ali, whm
fisdv^ml^ge from ik^ ^mmt of the Embassy by that
quarter.
Waramilli is the usual encamping ground of a
section of the Gibdosa Adaiel, but their place was
fortunately empty. Completely environed by low
hills, it proved insufferably hot; and no water was
obtainabiat^mal^ "^m Mttial^
party wet^ lit mmB measure reconciled to detention

ift tfiig^pot by the arrival from Taj lira c^n^fm^l
immeng(^j bringing letters which boi^ yery recent

B 4
248
dates, life BwMi

y^hcm hm^n to
ilm fmke^ hs^ ^Smi h^m consigned had Marly
l^risiied from iiifea^ Ji^t aad i?â^t of tyitfeei" in
his attempt to pass the Salt Lake and being com*
;
pelled to relinqiiish the jourixey, had returned to

the sea-port nearer dead than aKve.
Petty thefts without end were committed by the
lawless rabble who had followed the caravan and lo-
mb^ #OTt$tlres in the itiaineakte li^gHbowhopd*

J6g$fcbi& tcrtaHy regardless of thfe 0^
du^ toMt waiS-dBEee*ediii Aeir#y
act of drawing a cloth with his foot over a pair of
pistols, whilst he cleverly held the proprietor in con-
versation. His design was to obtain a reward for
their restitution, —a trick in common practice by the
camel-drivers and hired escort ; and was by no
this
mea^ llx^ fii^st exMilfei of life omi knavery* But
iim fiâoks were d£ rnxm^ the ]^MJ:ti5ipal tufffe^^^^
ii^piêda^^Sias. restricted to their

property. Numerous shields and cloths were
abstracted from too confident Dandkil ; the Eas el
Kdfilah's sandals were purloined ; and at the going

down of the sun, a proclamation went forth through
Ibrahim BurhAnto, the <^mmon camp-crier, that
Waye9$ %m Hagaio, of the W4tistia, having
tiM tie:fe;tl0W# transactioii were ûtt^d to

informalaîi of the same to the ^roprietoiv ^ ihoy
kopecl to prosper 1
CHAR XXIX.
NAGA KOOMI. — MEINHA-TOLLI. — MADÊA DUBBA,
Twft Awimg wMdbt il %hw a perfect

hurricane, were passed in unabated vigilance, owing
to the number of ruffians lurking about the broken
ground, the waters whereof tumble in the rainy-
season into the rugged chasm of Killulloo. At an

early hour on the 2d of July, a voice went through
fe^tir tlhemsalires j the imje^ggitt gr##lmg of

their disturbed beasts^ ia?c^ various keys
of dissatisfaction from every part of the circle,
followed by drowsy Dandkil imprecations, and by

the merciless dismantling of huts, to the- destruc-
tion of balesand boxes, presently announced that
the work of loading had duly coinnieneed,
fevd thm mnJd^ mM^m^f mu^, mi

stcHiy #tbl||. Mthrough ihn Dm)mi valley to
Haga Koomi. An abutting prong of land, under
which the road wound, was adorned with a cluster
of bee-hive-shaped huts styled Koriddra, and at its
base the Balsamodendron Myrrha grew abundantly,
260 THE nAB IN A. mmmn,
the aromatic branches furnishing every savage in
^^ îmm& 'mt^^ tooth-brushy to^-fce darned
mm^l^ a wide, dlPeai?y jprlEi^^ Iboiinded bj? tlte'Mgfe

moiWita& range of Jebel Fee6h and although ;
water was said to exist in the neighbourhood, it

proved too distant to be accessible.
The Ras el Kdfilah, at whose hands the Franks
experienced about the same amount of respect
and tojemnce m * M^h 34M tte days of
Cteur % libiH liê ioa|^rious% lâiÊlK^feJ daily
MiMM <5f dm im£ for Hib Im^^ sfearmen
left as an escort by the Akil of thê S^^maufi y
and on being informed that this very ixureasonable
request could not be complied with, in consequence
of the tedious delays on the road having reduced
the supplies so low as to be barely sufficient to last
to A;fefssini% hmm Immtm îM^nlj ov#rc6stj
tmdm^ dbteji milk iiîd^îm^ Mmg out 0i

the tent in a passion.
It rained heavily during the greater part of the
night, and an early summons to rise found the
party again drenched to the skin. The inclement
weather had not by any means tended to restore
Izhdk to smiles ; and his mats havnig proved quite
imrf<fieftt to ftsese^?^^ Ix&ai fall participation
la the pleaMres <?f the ^detttffiii the eflfect
tpm life t^pej^1^ >ui t0ty miodf^ ^* Dp?^

wh&tlej don't whistle P lie exckitned with st $iieer
261
to one of his charge, who was so amusing himself

tvil3iiii hiring ; you whistling for? I
''
w)mt va^Q
hm^ load;^ ths eamefe imi^jt a prayer from the

sacred l^yid% m^ your toes* toh^î:
the spell, and call up gins by your whisthng. Ija '
illah illallah^ wo Mohammad rasul illah ;

' " " there
is no God but God, and Mohammad is thje Prophet
of God."
Fein tero ? In the name of the three kaUphs
whel*^! are you going to ? " again T0îf$rated 'ifee
testy old lii h iitf&k^, -pîm^ #e tmm
hUpS^ liad now left the road in pursuit of an

antelope. " '
Taal henna ! will you l' '
Come back,
Wallah! you'll be getting your throat cut presently
by the Buddoos, and then I shall be asked what has
become of you. Can't you keep the road? This
ugly defllie h vmm^ *
pkce of Ibns/ a^d oiîe
iâvan to Meinha-tgljllf *whW0 some hollows had

been j&lled by the xeeent heavy fall of rain ; but
large droves of horned cattle having soiled in
them, the muddy water was so strongly tainted as
to be barely drinkable under any disguise. The
country throughout bears signs of violent volcanic
eifa]ptia^.€tf 1^ |iiS3u©% ifM^ lkm p^:SAor\e por-
tion attd mmâim eifcidej?^.
t%t 6ttt^ the road Ij^d, m^n the usual basaltic

;SL£
grouad, strewed with fragiia^ts of obsidian^ but

251
Îter erossmg Arnoot, a deep mi^w^ eltOfc^S wJ*fc
i?ei^diing green Jjfuahas, ia "vM^ ^^^m^d
water, the stony "ÎtfS gavt^ t€> mtidj plains,
olptbêd with short yellow gmss, and intersected by

low ranges of hills.
One wide level expanse termed Az6roo, stretch-
ing at the foot of the peaked mountain Aiiilloo,
was pointed out in the distance as ilm ®e^4 Qf^

signal -îtory gaini^ atemt fmm mm hj tfe
W6aid(i^Wer tkeirja'^djat^j^^^ Th^
boiies of upwat^ of three thousand of l^t
batants which now whiten the sands, hava eausBd
the desertion of the best road by the superstitious
Dan&kil. With the escort were many warriors
who had taken part in this engagement, and they
desciib^ the conflict, which commenced in a night
^t^m^ I© i?aged, spea^p w^m^^ gajfl^sKMd
MMf ^m^ghmt the aiiifefe t$ IbSioroa^ dlg^
towards the close of which the adâirij^ge^. was
gained, and the " red house " routed.
A sheep being sent for as usual in the evening

from the flock belonging to the Embassy, the Kas
el Kafilah stoutly asserted that the whole had been
tratiîsyi^ t0 htmdf fof e^msumption by t^
aseort of Hy ItJ^îi^ laad although eYentuilly
00inpfel^ % ^ciln^Bh )m did m m
&x%tmMf grace. Thuiider mid lightning,
with sevtr^ squalls and heavy rain, again closed
the day — and great confusion and discomfort was
TOB mvm OF wHisroim. $53
occasioned by a sudden whirl of wind, followed by

upon the party, of #e saturated
libe laitt teBt, from
the wdJ foWi$. of iS^hfch escape wîB #sily
effected* A dy^fy lai^M itt^sc^d^d* Timmaî^
moon shed lîit a dull and flitting light ov# tlbe^
dreuched camp j and the pacing officer of the watct,
after an hour's exposure to the pitiless hurricane,
calling up his relief, threw himself with aching
bones upon the inundated bed.
Did I not tell you what would be the ccm-
sequ^te ^f p^tt? ^hmmAhlB ^^stling," grumMed
i#d i^Mk^ first tMtig
Arab is too $mk to be moved,
m
themoffiing ) *^ icild
one of my best
^
<|^m^s has strayed, Allah knows where." The
rope with which the legs of the lost animal had
been fettered, was meanwhile rolled betwixt his
hands, and sundry cabalistic words having been
mutter^d^ wiSM the Ihmt ww jâfedg^d by the
proc^Wof spitting upon the; eoi^ ml %^MMMmî>n
M m<th w^ MMf iSme^ o^ ô lite
©liai^ll aboiit to be sent on the qu^t,, and he

presently returned successful.
Ahmed Mohammad, the messenger who had
been despatched from Taj lira with an Arabic
letter for Sdhela Selassie, requesting assistance
on the road, retutiied ^ring this delay* He

pass^ tie night in a BBdoum ©iitmmpmm%-
iug of dogs at eaek discharge of muêt when

254
the sentinel was relieved. The courier brought

admces to the Embassy, and natit^ Istfetg ^
î^MoitoiMi^ ja|> Owi^tg % jealousy
ihb tiMtiem of EStt, lie Imdi hsm ob-
jected to many days of needless detention, ittiSil^
which the king had led a distant military expe*

dition and although compliments and assurances
;
of welcome were not wanting, they were coupled

with the unsatisfactory intelligence that the party
must trust entirely to its own resources, as in the
:SbSi^ i^f 3Ei$ Majesty, m
a^m^mm l^haieWT
Tihe rlii^y a^^Bit#:^ JBliiwM%^^^^ it was

believed that the pools on the upper road -Wirold
furnish a sufficient supply of water, and the course
was accordingly shaped towards Emerging upon
it.
the extensive plain of Merihdn, bounded to the

westward by the lofty peaked range of Eeôh, the
maU tMrtefl the BmAoos^. Mlfe^ thyfel? fekrftEe^
with gmss, and vmpitig in heigM 3fei!EL#i:s^ hundrdl
to m ^<m0i$iA he^ Way egg^ ^bm tfee ^
W6ema, formerly held his head quarters in this
neighbourhood, at Hagaio-dera-dubba ; but the
Eesah Somauli making frequent inroads, and at
last sweeping off all the cattle of the tribe, it was
abandoned. The hill ranges on both sides have
sent lava streams almost to the txiidiSla of ife
plain, but generally it is coTered Wltk-E light-
fragments of dbsAdimi — tke âss, imprcêd feg^ &e

DAYS OF TOm
recent showers, having partially acquired a green-
ish tint, A singular detached hill composed of
j|i0ah-ir^tfe^ emtate^ a fevr ^pa?^ssions
t^f îr^ whilst the sui^rounditxg roelcs
exhibit iiiiaûsual cellialar basalt.
Mo. one could conceive that mgg^dk aîdi
wastes whereon he trod, had ever in themselves

been either productive or populous. Saving the
labours of the termites, exhibited in endless mounds
of vast dimensions, no monument of industry
redeems ifjie inhospitaMe landscape; yet th$se
now they might, aflford hordes of hardy soldiers,

that under a bold leader, such as the mighty
Graan, who in the sixteenth century unfurled the
banner of the impostor, and at the head of a count-
less army overran and nearly destroyed the Êthi-
opic empire, were adiaifably adapted to possess
tlieirtfelxê?^ ^£ th^ mom Ifen^te |3îi$ tod ffevfjkî^s
liôMiag. Whutevei? haw Ife^ tfetejes
and ^mdwments <^ these olden warrioirs, their

posterity, like the dwelhngs they inhalAt, are
sufficiently rude and degenerate.
Wady Bundoora, clothed in a thicket of verdant
bushes, had been selected as the halting ground,
and its appearance promised a copious supply of
^teie j litif ,î?ery pool proved, dry^ and ih^.inarch
and aimikr ravine^ which ms conMeatly expected

to afford the desired element. Disappointment was
however again in store, and the Mm 31# having
,h6r0Mceived that not a drop of wate^ irOrilC he

found at the next station whilst, owing to the wear
;
and tear of skins, added to the too confident anti-

cipations indulged, barely a sufficient mpply for
even one day accompanied the kdfilah.
Ithad been determined under these untoward
oii!euinstances, to more on at midnight j but after
m inBUrfealJ^ Itot day^ rain ajgaili> lal^fajld.

^nfoa?|i3%t%^ it did ndb ia stijilMMt qmm-^
tM<$S; to of mrn^ tilMfejr^ a few pints caught
m ta*p?alins, which, with aU available utensils,
were placed for the reception of the precious fluid,
proving very inadequate to the wants of the thirsty
party. At 3 a. m. the caravan advanced down the
valley, with cool refreshing weather, and a fine
moon shining brightly overhead. From the summit
otifc tolaiate^^ marking the point where
ifetîwilifetioBS of IheBiaiid^^m
the m<HllItains of the Ittoo Galla, an extensive
vi^w was olp^lained with the dawning d^^. over a
country bearing the most extraordinary volcanic
character — huge craters on the one hand towering
to the clouds, whilston the other sank the wide
valley of Kordeit^, through which lay the high
Ti&ad to the desolate plains of EfJpar^
A few pooU of tottddy w&t i^mi^t hf ^t ^f-
257
side were eagerly drained by the sinkhig cattle,
Itali c 4î^^ bordei^^mtli gre^ r 'tiêa^ aiid

bii.Ae% ^pim'^ BO purpose.^ mi. hft^t
crossing tlie ifiro i^n plmn Eyrdiif, afejOimîiig
in gazels and swine, the road led round the base of
a remarkable cone, styled Jebel H^lmund, which had
long been in view. Isolated, and four hundred feet
in height, with a crater opening to the north-east-
ward, which would seem at no very remote period
lia^vt Hiacontinued ita erni^tion, it h
mtxonnded
by a. immi 'hbU sorite ilm^ m§0B
wmdm ^M&M^ farmed twd.i^t^# i^hm% yimk

scarped JPi^g-' itom fifteen to twenty feet^
of which- ^hsa^ wooded crevices teem^ isvith quail^
partridges, and guinea-fowl, and were said to be so
many great dens of lions.
The was already far advanced,
sultry afternoon
when the weary eye was refreshed by a glimpse of
the verdaixS f Mn
<^f 'MMlli, a perfectly Imst
panse^ so ingeniously oisriergrown with pal% âen

v^g^tefeai mt to fi^KiaiglE len ^m^t i^resej^ttailon of
a wide l#e 0av«^;if#h fl around
which numerous camels were busily browsing on
the rank herbage. During the greater part of the
year, this plain presents one vast and delightful
sheet of water; but the fairy form of the light-
footed gazel wa& presently mm balding ovc^ $M
with tH wm^ imulM^g t^duj^v ^ f^ pm^

d?y* The catnÎs were mikh. femaleB,
268 DBlbtJSIVE HOPES.
capable of subsisting for days, and even for weeks

together, without drinking, whilst their imlk serves
to queneh tim tlfe^fc Of their ijawi^^ B%3iûm
B0^fl3?> the of ^ ^(îSm 0£ th^
^m^f M^ i^g d^^ decamped with his clan to

more distant pastures.
Every hollow in the rich black soil abounding
with shells, was vainly explored and after a seven-
;
teen mile march, the party, weary and thirsty,

were fain to encamp on the opposite side, and giving
up the mmih m jfettiQ©s% $0^ 3*^$ «a*i^sid with
the jtîi^^ts of w«tter-sHns ffl^d at ttfci
|flitiad pools <aiMm^mriSM sôond, fiP p^-

sible, a worse edition of th^ luaptirities brewed at
the Salt Lake. Both amongst men and cattle the
utmost distress prevailed. A suffocating blast blew
incessantly; heat the most intense was reflected
from the adjacent black rocks ; and nearly all of
the tef^ aad mtiles wer^ to ê^ttj^letd^y exhausted
Stottiflht^^^ appeared no prosp^feofiSfagging ihjgfii
Bijttow^rft ^îi^htî^ 'IbBireficent flood-gatea

of Heaven were providentially opened, and a violent
storm bursting over the camp, in less than half an
hour filled every ravine and hollow to overflowing,
and affbrded a plentiful and truly seasonable, al-
though transient, supply. Tearing up their pickets

#om the saturated Boil, the dying animalte th^^
into the turbid stream that i*olM tliPOiigli ^
259
encampment their hot noses, which for two entire

days .pigte Mi. ttmngaw to- laaitturei
tod 'il^ '§mr .tetateE ln^to: iteoM to "buifMi^*
OaeMi^g tiwpt ^
gvhmô-wt foiled to
pcKfe. ttx>m the B^-mmnt hmghtB. Muibmkmm^
"wm^ thrown np, and wells excavated; and Eu-
ropean, Dandkil, and camp-follower —
Christian,
Moslem, and Hindoo —
all drenched to the skin,
falling together upon their knees in the posture of

thanksgiving, sucked down the first copious draught
of jptoWWte -mtwt ^that had. "bmt mm
^60
CHAR XXX.
Mm^p mmtMW volcanoes, oasis m took
miAXN mIroo,
Singular and interesting indeed is the wild scenery

ill tiie iricMtgr .c^ A^- ten-elieîms oasis of Sult611i.
A fiald of eogi4i# *v^lt0ib]^^^ vomitisd out

of tlie eBtmis of titi mi^ymi.^mmtbhd taeji %4
Hack belt of vitrified lava, environs it on three
sides ; and of these, Moi^xij; Abid.% tkvm thousand
feet in height, whose yawning cup, enveloped in
clouds, stretches some two and half miles in dia-
meter, would seem to be the parent. Beyond, the
Stfll loîf3? crater of Aiillloo, the ancient landmark
O^f #e ntm deci^yed ^mpir^ of -Ethiopia, if "^hh
in dim p0rs|>ectlm} âid la^^hg: hmilf m %W
extreme distance, tfe gtmt him Msîmm
mng^
towards which the .#eps of the toil-worn wayfarers
were directed — now for the first time visible—
arose in towering grandeur to the skies.
Overwhelmed by violent subterranean convulsion
and commotion, which, reversing the order of
things, has again and agaitt #fcep0^ the ^tmm
appearatitdi^j thB. i>f tlt^ ^tmtsf^ for miles
awiind the bate of'tlie lêf wlsâoeî presents
261
one sheet of lava. Activity would not appear to

hm^ e:^tejided much beyond IB^ ii^gib-
hiDtt^te)(Od ea.qhi a ^^lOllcflaL be-
and a rmt quantity ol ôteanie debris, converted

ilito iâa^^ in the adjacent valleys. Ye* it is by no
means apparent that these alone have contributed
to form the present surface, the south-eastern side
of the field terminating in much older formation
of wacke. Neither would any one of the craters ap-
jêaa? hmB #^ry lately pouii?^ out tîa fiery stream.
Ibrahim Slbeikftit AiKI todê^ 4^jâse4 l^ti^m
to haviE^ seeti Alffiia in flaffiî afe^Mtirei^^
yeai^ freviously; but, on further investigatitm^
there seemed reason to believe that the conflagra-
tion he witnessedmust have been confined to the
long grass with which portions of the steep sides
are clothed.
The w^fliri^pooa^ deluge of rain whi<Si f^D diitmg
the night 1*^'^^^ eagerly Siruaal 1^ <he Mf^y
desei^t, ilmir tlm moming dawned Ihe oiily
traces of the storm were presented in numb^-^

less channels left by the torrent, with here and
there a muddy pool, around which the guinea-fowl
were still rallying in Every
clamorous troops.
portion of the road having been saturated, and
rendered far too hea^ for iim j&iS^ msidi%
raw^ mm .d|ne0?B.s% d#My€^ nnM nm^y by wMeh
tiniyB ihey )mi %mm^ ftey ^
tli€^ resumption of tha Jdtttftey* A bai*e alluvial
s I
plain, skirting the base of the K6omi range, led to
% j^W m^t/m» iiim^ ty{ larger growtit %^ fe^sre-
lN#m mm* Tfa^ occttf M $ihd!km styled Has
EflMoo, atid henee the caravan strueli: off

across a grassy^^^Hj? Ôftpading in herds of graceful
mhorr. The course followed the eastern border of
the field of truncated cones ; and in the fresh green
hue of the bushes with which the cindery tract is
studded, was aflfbrded abundant proof of the fertility
of its deconiposed Mm^^
aM*e^ were wateKfcg gmm^ hhidB di ^M^k

camels, the road next threaded a narrow belt of
verdant jungle. This suddenly opened into the
wide plain of Moolu, studded in every direction
with flocks of sheep and goats, assembled from all
parts of the country round j and in a deep hollow

in the very cenije lay the attraction — the oasis of
fMs season of 4rMgl3L4,.it Mlînifer^^

It was indeed a sight most refreshing the eye-
Troops of water-fowl of various plumage sailed
over its glassy surface. Birds chattered amongst
the autumnal branches of the numerous trees,
whose tall stems, half immersed, rose thickly in
the centre, and the cool of the basm ^flfer<J^
id ifef ^^ry aBi. pilgririi^ 1ii$ jSr§t
uialiiiMileS' safl^* %md that htd 1mm

265
III sbIi*!' ^ illimgfemt

desert fotMMing plain, Nature has dispensed
the first necessary of life with a most niggard hand,
those pools which have not a constant supply of
running water soon become adulterated by various
decompositions of organic and inorganic matter.
Wacke cannot resist any long exposure, and hence
fluid in epntapq^fe mtli ijt taiMfc^ aîde^ of iron aftj
mwAsiii0 fî mdî mMkt tmk^ m3, hai^^vi^s^tiîiig^
the dement in a still more offensive niîîiner^ not only
impart a fetid taste and smell, but stir up the de-
posited mud, which emits a volume of sulphuretted
hydrogen. Yoor Erain Mdroo was free from all
these impurities, and its reservoir affords a never-
failing supply ; but the surrounding country is
taid diiiing- the wet iea^j&a %e e^remd^jr i^ft"
isaa^tltjj, la^l^t ^nd in^sajjt- tmx mm^

jftllittg th^ di&^^to to Si^mim the ftdm md.
wadies, and retreat yfiih tbei? flocks to the neigh-
bouring mountains.
From Waramilli to Moolu, the country is chiefly
occupied by the sub-tribes of D^beni, under the

chiefs Beedur and Boo Bekr Sumbhool, the latter of
whom usually resides a* Miism^îf^ ^d fewaaer
at p>oi3^ 03? idt#iEi ^l£liQi|i^kôt i^te^yt to h%

Wîmdij thfast wmM^^B under ^ ap(pfeai* M^d^
garb| but the lion-hearted guides and esôrtj with
l^hdk at their head, had, from the first moment of
s 4
264
leavliig SiTbiOm^ %m& doing flid:^ ute^t -fo im^
yi!^tijipotf*ht audienoei! #ca extreme
" The Galla are pagans," quoth Ibrahim Sheh^m

Abli with a bigoted sneer, and, uncircumcised
knaves that they are, never heard either of .Allah
m tjbe IMf Prophet ; m iby *fee MijMtP,
îSk0%gh nominally Modei)(3^jt/|li^y' hmj^ little imM
religioti ^hm Hb^T lnfiM I9i^kl)0tm» Bttt wait
unial l get an opportunity," he added, with a caper
and |L sardonle ^n, as he unsheathed his creese for
the purpose of going through the figure of disem-
bowelment, " only wait until I find an opportunity^
and, Inshdllahy we shall square accounts."
Many were the harrowing tale$ thait hiidL been called
Surmounted all the perils and j3sfi¥îfeKS of

and arrived Avithin sight of the promised land, had
been cut oif at the very last step towards the goal.
Perpetual waged betwixt the Galla and
strife is
Mudaito, and the plain of Moolu forming a sort of

neutral ground between the countries inhabited by
theMval clans, it proves one continual scene foray
from ithê t<:>p^sf ii?^*:^

ever opportunity H5lfec% tipon the flocks and herds
of the true believetis i retaliation is not dow to fol-
low, mk tM fetoi h ^ imtês^tily ms^^
Buxlng tet^ ps^ <^ t% mmf^L^ Mm el

Kdfilah was nearly thrown intqrtejj!:^terks by the sud*
^
den desertion of one of his charge, who, in defiance of
the thraldom, which rendered all more like prisoners
than freemen, had made up his mind to dine that
night upon venison, and had accordingly taken up
-min^ against th^ .aliuring herds of gle^fc and timid
4^telope that, with wliM^. m suppers,
ofcamels,-lt^pi$a|€Smt^0g$io^
"whither are you going?" were launcIJ6<i. to a com-
manding tone of voice after the truant, without
eliciting the smallest attention or reply. A shot was
fired —a fat buck fell — and the successful Nim-
rod, dismounting, proceeded to secure the spoils
an opera*fea ^sMoh bfOUL^t &om theii? occupation
111 WJiaBM^^gf Im^titma^ ^pmus, to Ibe^^âfecS

the dissîob.
Izhdk was old and <^ptioii% md not seeing very
clearly, the apparition was too much for his shat-
tered nerves. "Allah, Allah!" he peevishly ex-
claimed, seizing his broad-headed spear from the
hand of his henchman, and violently kicking the
jfti^karof Ife^^ mial& towai?3&'tli€ spot; '^mm^
Beo^Siôe, ^hildiBh folly thfe f Is
ik0 htmi^m^^ ^ Wk» âl ht ikm trifles i^th
safety of the eamvan? I did faiacrp* that hf pm^
f66
sessed some sense, but this is positively the act of a

ixiadman. LqoJc at those Buddoos, they will cut his
^ro^t imw^^^î thm^k fhiJtl hltW ^ pretty
Despite of all the twaddling old M<!>feiHi:00»d could

do to prevent it, the haunch was nevertheless
brought in, and its appearance hailed with con-
siderable delight. But it might almost as well have
been abandoned to the vultures of the air, since
tte Persian cook, who had taken alarm at
f0 %tilp in the pmtsfetrifem iis
keMnel dula^t êrmptorily 3jîs# \^ tm^^ llj^
venison into kahdhs^ upon tha gl*o.ijnd0 tifrt
knife of the true believêr had not passed a^tÔSi^ the

throat of the victim.
Whose dog is Hajji Abddllah Kurmani?" he
exclaimed in tones that might have been believed
toissa# ife<Wi îdt%^^& bagpipe; "
is h% I ]?epe?i%^ tiir0mng the haunch upon the
such abomination ? Allah and his Prophet defend

us, but the Hajji would as soon think of polluting
himself with the touch of the unclean beast.'^
This spirited public declaration was by the Moslem

audience received with the rapturous applause it
claimed; and the worthy pilgrim, fairly carried

away^ by the ov^r-lasimiiBg t^M^ mAwtm't$M^^^^^
wm la^tually paf&fee^kg tî^^^k hfe litife^mêance
upon wtifeon, '^hm ^tWm^ m^xm weris
267
adopted wî^S^^^^^^^ impoîtidxi of twenty-

i&m hmm^ &^ m ^mmi tjf ^ many inflidted
by #0 a]p^Te^ ihijBe He liad w^ted at th^
holy eity.
Now the Hajji bore a striHii:^pe3î<ftial resemblance
to Hudibras, and like that hero, regarded discretion
as being the better part of valour. Since the melan-
choly disaster at Goongoonteh, he had encumbered
himself with a musket and amodicum of cartridges;
but even by his warmest admirers it must be con-
m
§mm^ th^t the3?e had m^€p lilt ^m^mi^W be<^
ot^^^^H tMîightest inîeartimtrf a de^gS^ to throw'
himself away bjr 3*asli exposure* Mitmim^g the
high0st respect for himself, the prudent son of Irdn
was rarely heard to speak of Hajji Abddllah save in
the respectful third person singular. The words of
Ibrahim Sheh^m had sunk deep into his soul, and
after the affair of the venison, it was not a little
#teting to h^Bt Wm^ ia hafe wwfced.. m^Mn^
wiueh had ptojitpteS to hrave tha ^d& of wa^
e^lored Africa.
Higji Abdullah was never taxed with lack of
common sense/' he exclaimed musingly in self
reproach. Allah knows there.be many greater
blockheads in this sublunary world than his
servaaat the Hajji, If it Bot wonderful -that the
chief ^mk to Wm4^% M^hMm0& E^!^ Ehan

^mM^md mmimf too^ ^wd^m^ 'aojfewe«li^&
nim^md4Hftf ^M$^, should have ;po^€^ himself
such an ass, such a son of a burnt father, as volun-
teilj to get in the way of abu.se iot imfesing to
kubM imim&mf^ meat wHeh died without the
knife or the Bismillah ; and, worse atiU, in the way
<rf hiaring Ms- mm
'0mmA irdded €f^"mMta rf
each day and night by these bloodthirsty infidels ?
'
La houl willah koowut illah hillah ali ul-azeem^
'
there is no power nor virtue save in God.' What
true believer in the fair province of Kurmdn would
ever have suspected Hajji Abddllah of bringing his
beard to so vile a market ?"
269
'
CHAP.
1CEKACE OF THE DAR MITDA'iTO. M0OJjV ZUGSiE, AIO>

BUBDUDDA.
Boo BisKR^fiiBBOoa^MiBsi^^ Kohamjija^, co-eMafe

aô^tt of tte B^î
stjrM 0^'Bibtoo,
shortly' sixeakad iiito the camp at the head of aa
appropriate retinue of ruffians, and having been
duly propitiated with tobacco and blue calico, de-
puted a son of the latter to represent the tribe, as
an earnest of the black mail having been levied.
Mohatoamard Ah propoi^ tuad^ tisegemrâmMmêi^
to It^t 1^ iia^^ bolh ill 0yi^ Ibj |he
wltfeh of still higher importances. itd-J?6fresh the

way-worn But the Ras was in such dire
beasts.
alarm of the Bedouins and Galla, that he had been
with the utmost difficulty prevailed upon to en-
camp near the water, and no persuasion could
nmr 0mt consent to (M'^^M pmOkB
jk Bhaicwjr Ijiatflfen figure stealing along the mm-

mit of the gloomy chffs which overhung the camp,
redoubled his mental perturbation ; and anathen-
270
iwtkg Modte, af t% ffld^Bl dangerous nest of
lli#:1li#tt|€s iêattmeti the tlmt^ M Urn dâd

of had not heavy rain compelled him to ImM^
li%lbt,
Ms nails until a late hour the following forenoon,

by whioh time the eajnel fiiruiture had become
dry.
But the event proved that there were on this
occasion some grounds for uneasiness. During the
process of loading, ttoee moiilif^ Mtt
îlilrloolq^ bj&Jf into camf ^ % m^gj^^^jom
b^d of th^fcoSow, whence the road led over an exten-
sive plain covered with low shrubby undergrowth,
the Kas el Kdfilah, who momentarily waxed more
fidgety and excited, called a general halt, and
assumed his shield and brass-mounted spear.
Look to fmff weapons,'' observed with

a truly coi3!TOa4dfet?%^#x^^^ Mivery, " aiad 1^
th:^ proprietors of fire-aniis Imd istis rm with
mjBiM^ Two thousand of the Dar Mta^Bo Ikre
out on a foray against the Galla of the neighbour*

ing and I have received certain intelligence
hills,
that they purpose this day to fall upon the caravan.

May Allah protect his servants in the coming
strife
i^t^Hfe disfîve preparations :«ia,le Wilit^
o£rt icftm^fe foria^^ t®i deep to alisSt
wMlst tie Daudkil and Hy jSomaul escort^ mih

an
loins ^SM. fight, brought up the rear.
Scarcely hal; th,#se zm$m^mmi$ teen completed,
Vtocfeg in a compact body over forow of m

adjacent emioejaje^- Carrjdng their round bu(^23^s
on the left arm, and bristling their bright spears,
they pressed rapidly towards the front of the line,
''on hostile deeds intent." Out to meet them

sprang the fiery little champion Ibrahim Shehem,
who pantei* §mh Ms creem m 1kt df
ing off ihm- wpfm'.gmmm^ gjrm iif^^bm. to

their Hmbs, were not far behind him. The caravan
remained motionless to watch the event, and the
formidable line of rifles fronted the foe, who no
sooner perceived the muzzles bearing directly on
their phalanx, than they lowered their spears to
^îjmmi, % parley, m& iggcaSJNil iit^ltaagelNe^s
who warn 0lk^mg it i^ m^bm of lliiô^.

paratory to a goom^'* or onslaught, upon tfe^
hereditary enemies, the Alia and Ittoo GaUa.
The march was resumed immediately upon this
banditti passing quietly to the rear, and Ibrahim She-

hem Abli relapsed into his wonted composure ; but
the foot-prints of seveijal other pa.rti€ja fceliig $lioi?%
mî^tig i^^ fiW^ra^^ "mhm the plua-

dei* i>f so rich a caravait would doubll^ have been
vtBtm m WILD mxmm
essayed. An advance guard reconnoitred the coun-
try round from the summits of trees and termite
cones, wMîl $km4 «i#m#^ $a w&terrupted
iSif miim fefee of the pimu Them wê

Bjpersed with rich yellow grass, swarming with
antelope, hares, bustard, and florikin; whilst .feae
cedar-like camel-thorns stretched their long arms

over troops of pintadoes, coveys of partridges,
and spur-fowl. Not a trigger was suffered to be
drawn, lest the report should attract to the spot
tjtf mmh-dreadiaE teiii&l^
mvmir mpm^Bhr^^f Ww^B # y0bMi

further hostile demomi^femtibpa $ -aaad mmixj
becoming gradually more and more open, the view
extended to the fine peaked range near Afrubba,
inhabited by the Ittoo Galla — war-hawks of the
mountains, who are distinguished for their san-
guinary ^miif*
believed faiôpiOttteffefce # m$h of Ife^se vMA

li<^semen, the eamvM Egfeiu halted ere it It^d
proceeded far ovet the open pla,itt| btjt tte iting*
nifying powers of a pocket telescope converting the

objects of alarm into a troop of scudding ostriches,
Izhdk's confidence once more returned. The re-
sidue of the march lay over cracked and blackened
soil, from which the vegetation had been l>toit tltt
|ireted5Jig ^sy^ ti^ einbm stiE smoiaideriiig in

various directions, although the columns of smoke
had ceased to ascend.
groBBiJ laNle^ lût a Ainall supply

df tofer teqî&ite oTbtdlmed wm #^ way, m
from a muddy brook trickling over the charred
jSTlxfaCfecjf th#'S<3fU| 1^ gaping eraeks and
creyices on its progress towards the lower ground.
This strange phenomenon arose from the wady at
Moolu Zughir, near Afrubba, some miles to the south-
ward, having been filled to overflowing by the recent
im^ wm. Mo^M X&ii, ot "tfa^ ôth^ JJoi^
afforded a mAii ^SBm^g ^pot 0? M^t^ gSf^fii
t^timi^ sprouting lôm Ito jio% h(M h&m wW^
aboiliids, and among it the oatlJe l^Mi^tied until
dark. Sundry invocations were now performed
with horrid yells, to enable one of the savages to
divine the coming of rain; but a night passed in
vigilance by sentinels posted on ant-hills, which af-
forded an uninterrupted ll's::^ W

pMn, gave place to imm imtim'^ mf tmî^tim
fs:gm %l^W3^ CMla, or Hudailo*
Be^^t3ai€^ M the morning the march was resumed
iicro8&^B?alluvial plain, wliicsha few days later in the
season would probably have presented a swamp im-

passable to camels ; but no diifficulties were now ex-
perienced, and the caravan passed merrily on towards
a conspicuous barn-shaped hill, which had been
visible for many miles* At ifca tose, among sundry
374
other cairns, stood a mound of loose stones encircled

hj a ih^vtk waAev the
JbKJ^j aÎld almost concealed
forest of wit1t^f0d %iighs that dêkfij ^very jart,
B^ft^tfe iJm gJ^lto i?^pcfe€d Ihe salated hoBes of
Oihtiadn, a eeletet^d !fttkhaiel sheikh of days long
gone. Amidst prayers and ejaculations in honour
of the departed, according to the custom still pre-
valent in the southern parts of continental Europe,
each warrior of the Bedouin escort first in order,
aud then the drivers as they passed, having pre-
vioualy :feom soine ^djac^ a tesiEiA:
of veisiamt JM^tletê, adorned tte ^tiârMed' pife '
and long ere the airitâl of the last camel, it had
exchanged its sober aixtiimnal garb for the br^Jbt-
green mantle of spring.
Picturesque clumjDS of magnificent camel-thorns
of ancient growth here studded the face of the
landscape, and, eovet^d wi& goldepi blossoms, per-
fum^ tha atmosphere* Tlie m^t& "km
floijiitdj^mtibe Mll-#d% laed "^^g&i^m^^ wm
fljfftf tp^n^ under a load of fi?aE ^Pieiâa^
^hâ^mJ^ The: bright crimson pulp possesses an
agreeable acidity, and the kernel that it envelopes
pleases the Danakil in a mess of sheep's-tail fat.
No wood had hitherto been seen sufiiciently dense
to invite the elephant ; but in this covert the giant
wid^ditl^ aadi Ifea oryx, appropriately
styled Ahm d^^m^ ^Hfe falh^ -of hoi^/'
raag^ i% îisidei^Me ^mteE> the li^d^vpjred
mvmm iyi One which had feeen $hm ilm fM^'k^S^B
275
night, attesting the pf^6l3ffi$ Ibe Mag of

beasts."
The of the Adaiel in reclaiming a refrac-
agiSity
tory camel, although xMmi wibijiâed wilih admi-
ration, had never been more prominently exhibited
than during this march. One of the most skittish
and unmanageable animals of the whole hundred
and seventy, had very judiciously been selected by
IzMk ^ large ^skm% t?»taining m^^Nl 0l<0res,
far
and %%m Wteei? imiMf %^
by a gâtl^ daire
^ri^ -whmx
Bayzah to culF
Ifc m& the ddlg&t ^1
and maltreat.
^ Babifcf el
Taking a sudden
whim into its head, the restive beast, after the per-
formance of sundry preliminary plunges to ascertain
if the load were firm, dashed off the road, galloped
over the feeble maid, and, smashing her water-
gourd into a thousand fragments, T^^^ms^ alid bel*
lowing, î;iriiir6d its hmM<^ across the
mmy plato. ]Phi&fe we^ mdfelfcidg
a jaao^l :î^rti0tive disci|tei^ Sfhm a fleet-footed
savage, who was in hot pursuit, and had already
twice turned the fugitive, darting across its orbit,
abruptly terminated these gratuitous and uncouth

gambols by a sudden twitch of the nose-rope, which
brought owner, dromedary, and medicine-chest
Îfioftiltaneously ta 1^ mth a iiat
i^n54^dô^6i teot slight-
ed iid|tti^was ^tgiiafet by either,
Heanwliiie Ilie caravan had reached Burdiidda,

where a large pool of dirty rain-water extended
strong inducements to encamp, and again led to a
violent altercatjbm between tlie jfflathorities. Appre-
sliêrds in tife fixity, IzMk m^h^j

.jj^solfed io proceed some miles further to a water-
less station, whilst Mohammad Ali, insisting that
the kdfilah should halt, commenced the work of
unloading. The camels of either party were for
some time divided but the Ras, after trying the
;
Btt4tagera of advance i^lihm^ BbaWug bis timf®

t^mitMon^ finally yielded Uf 'tbi^: ômt wi^ ^ feg^H
^jace, and M Mi1^ i)mit atatf*
The o|jri®a^ of the highlands of A%B8iiik, wbieh
bâd been first indistinctly visible from Sult^lli,
now stood out in bold rehef ; and to the southward

the view was bounded by the lofty hills of the
Afrubba, Farsa, and Azb6ti Galla, where cofiee
grows wild in abundance. An intermediate exten-
mire prospect is obtaitted owt iii^My-wooded
l^kitij sto#^Jhing mim tMvty mUj^M iii ile
dlf0©Koii of Erruf:, tChi# IjMw is residence of
thiB oM sheikh Hajji Ali Mohammad, and the helidl
quarters of the D^beni, who tâke hereditary share
in the waters of the valley with their brethren the
W6ema. It forms, moreover, a place of resort for
every wandering vagabond in the surrounding
country who possesses a sheep, a goat, or an ox, or
Im ih^ ability and the iaidimtioni M m^^- to pri-
vilege of ea^^tmga^ tempos
ymmmnm of md. season of dro«gH eoBûg
WATEES OF MOOLU. 277
the abandonment of less favoured pastures, pours

in its migratory swarm to swell the more perma-
nent muster upon the sultry plains of Errur, and to
create the strife inseparable from a gathering of
these lawless hordes.
T 3
Aylia was the comeliest of the dark-eyed daughters
of the desert. Sixteen tropical summers had al-
ready ripened a form modelled in that exquisite
p^feetiîi wMdi mtm<^ h to fee^tow n^m
Iteirmld^t WOifes^ m^, &e 'miife symmetry of the
imM^ j^t ipilfei^ hf ,mf of
those barbarod.^ improvements wherein her nation
delight. Her sparkling eye, fringed with long
silken lashes, in brilliancy eclipsed the pet gazel
that ever bounded by her side and the graceful
;
gambols of the sportive fawn would seem to have

beeji inspired by the fairy footstep of its MooiliiBg
were revealed by a radiatti smile that ever played

over her animated features and few indeed of her
;
virgin charms were veiled under tie folds of the
* *
jCEe following narrative, recounted by one of the W6&im
escc»rt/ altkough necessarily enlarged, is as strictly literal as
the embodiment of the subject would admit ; and it will con-
vey to the English reader a better picture of life in the desert
ilam could W
fafefced in a les^ cgniaect^d fiirm.
Tm vrdmm. maid. 279
slender drapery thpl 'belongs to the Bedouin êp-
"Mm imd:^ Imt &eii in the mi^*

of Ewur, wliich forms a constant scene of ipfedatory
incursion on the part of the ruthless savages that
hover round the border. When least expected, the
Galla war-hawks of the adjacent mountains were
wont to stoop from their rocky fastnesses, and to
sweep away the riches of the W6ema. The trea-
clteroiaB Beâii^ aliliomgli ^08%^ t^^ extend the hand

$kmM hte^ iffib^ mm nothing
10 Ihie î|>|>top&#>ii
loaiJk other men*$ iâttek
and Ihrdughout all the nomade Adel hordes, whose
tents were erected during the more sultry months,
the feud and the desultory skirmish favoured the in-
roads of the foe. Amongst the surrounding clans,
even her own tribe was not notorious for its ho-
ilei^ty^ leiad by frequent depretotems #»ro^(ii ^
invito iTm tm^ of afepiiial- !riiiis the hmd mil
the mortal jgHaauni^ wouM foll^^ ^0 ^fffl^ness of
indolent essteteii?^ wil^^t Mpii^^
than frequent, and none knew what the vmt hour
might bring forth.
But had no place in the breast of the

fear
daughter of old Ali. Nursed in the lap of strife,
the Bedouin blood of her roving sire coursed
through her young veins, and û^^^fl: her
Aipc^dku' ocM|>B*loi4 |)em^#i the ajwmîjsf 1^^^
of the venerable ao9«cia, ehaiiting %0 ga^^
the wild ditty tiiat revealed the thr^dom o^ her
T4
hearty or Estening to the Heat of imt blâ^ck-ifeced
ItoBt^fjs^ Hejdz. Often MM ^^r-

wlioop riing tte0^gir ih& "^îSk^^ m^ ttt^h
of the gathering warriors who
to aftSêa? ik^
summons, arrested her plamtive song, but only
lately had it caused her to spring to her feet with a
bosom throbbing audibly and now she would sigh
;
as she sank again upon the smooth bank that

formed her favourite seat, for the swain for whom
soft eyes hB0. beeiK ^îiitaed Ife^ fSciajJog
im^tt was amjOftg tta mtaaher of %m0
ha4 jussi^ ^h^^m0 mt wiiy, m^^^ wHther
he had gom
Many were the ardent suitors who had wooed the
hand of the blooming Aylia, and often-thnes had
she been sought from her avaricious father, who
viewed the still expanding attractions of his
daught^t -as a oerlîi i|cw;if;ee of increase to his ill-
gGittm m0i iSj^bA weal#^ Jfoue, however, îyi

fet teem dble to ^rodte<:^ Ihe^'^rfce Mi tij^cjrja tto
daitftsi^l^l charms, neither had any posse^^ au
advocate in her eloquence. Her heart had already
been tacitly rehnquished, but her hand she knew
to be in the gift of her sire^ and therefore not her
own to bestow.
Ambeesa it was who had silently gained this
leSielijdaKiGy over the green afbcjk^s ^ lihs maid,
Ijbtfeatoildhi |oafe of Irrijpa, Mm m<Mmf imml:^lm
spear's throw of her mm. The twain had toown

Tim mmm . 281
each other from earliest infancy, for they came upon

the world's stage in the self-same hour. They ha>d
felftiifed mi, li$d played together m diildrien

m:di tmW'^St^ rtltda? young hearts had Metafile
iimier^, it wics Br ^(^mft to mmw^v^ ttjmph
into the vale, where they wouldlpbld converil^
livelong day. The vapid language of the savage
admits of but a limited embodiment of the softer
passions ; but the simple courtship of the unculti-
vated was ably sustained. Aylia felt the force of
her charms when she saw the warrior grasp the
sp^ lî^ wltlitml which JB^^^mtt
th^t 'im ix%ht ehase thfe €hirt n%h hî doveted j

or when he drew water from the well in her gourd,
to replenish again and again the ox-hide that formed
a drinking trough for her thirsty flock. And Am-
beesa felt himself amply rewarded when the slender
fingers of the blooming girl decked his hair with
aromatic herbs that she had pla6feîm.teirEd
tiie
mmMjfmfVT ^
4mm%0^ the mm
tltM they
common^
mm
wert islt05#^ 't0;'p(^^^ iii
AaiN^ was ever in Ihe foremost rank when

the apear was thrown over the shoulder of the
brave and successful in every foray, he had won
;
wealth as well as fame. None appeared more

frequently in the many-tailed leopard spdils wHMx
fy^m the garb ^ Victory; mi Itte whj^t ftette
father li^vi^^g Hm treacEerau^ly afiiurdoi^1^|^;fc]B

^8^
Eesah, a blood feud clung to the old man's sole

descendant ; and it formed to him a source of self-
reproach, that although he had for years dogged

tlte |b<¥fete|# of the assassin, the opportunity bad
nmm occurr^ wkm he Miî wash ottt the
$1^1 #mOJ3g0jr olansmen at a dis-
imt oasis, the cowardly savage had profited of Ms

deep cunning to baffle the creese of the avenger ;
and he still vaunted his trophy of blood without
any account of its acquisition having been re-
quired.
BiQ* ilm #f ^ tmhrnk^g mSi of MMbtttka vm
now mgh M hand* MQêt of Ambêsa hat
coioiteij the iowy demanded of any who should
espouse young Aylia, and had claimed the girl as
her daughter-in-law elect. At the sight of the
beeves and the fat rams and the trinkets and the
trumpery cloths, the sole remaining eye of the old
sheikh ghstened with a lustre that it had not
Idio^ for years ; but Hs haughty sojll ^<>tild il
brook thought of iâgM'^ bîtt^ #i^d[ied. tc>
one whose |gtth<^% ^î^h %m 3^0Sted unavenged.

" Get thee hence, young man," he exclaimed sternJ^,
shaking his silvered locks, after a short inward con-
flict with his avarice — Get thee hence, nor show
thy face again within my doors as a suitor until
thon hast appeaaed the spirit of thy murdered sire.
Th^ blood # %^ tcx "wk^^ ihoti indebted hv

ess&t^ne^ B,lo^^ to th^f lor yeng;ean<&-j. iî
WMMMy lintil the grave <jf Hassan shall have been
THE QtTBaT. 2BS
siQrafeeti hj ikflttrnhf thm iWl ^^3* MUk to All of
iimtesa tâtiglit mt I& â^lk mistress, but

sjaatdiing the spear and buckler which had been
carefully deposited in a corner of the cabin, stalkfd
forth without uttering a syllable. Passing his own
hut in mental abstraction, he took the road to the
brook, and throwing himself upon his face, drew a
deep draught to allay the fever that consumed him.
Then whetting his l5mjg-iB?ântM creese ihe
tma^f mtom sandy plain.

The great annual had already assembled at
fair
the sea-port of Berbera, and tribes from all parts of

the country were flocking thither with their motley
wares. The curious stalls of the fat Banians from
India W0t!^ $f0lmmejfmng until night
'bm})îdmm iv^ a^c^&fe ^f|^®,'irh0 bought
pelferi^ md di^gs be esâgngs^ j m^ l^^ Sln*
mour of haggling anid bafrtfeif -was hourly increafad
by the some new caravan of toil-worn
arrival of
pedlars from the more remote depths of the interior,
each laden with an accession of rich merchandise to
be converted into baubles and blue calico at a clear
net profit to flie specions Mnd^©& two hm3^^
|>et #ent, My»hv iTc^tyj and gum-aâbic ^ iêj^
franMttoense, and ostricMeathers, were piled in
every corner of his booth and the tfi^^lri^ of elfe
;
of Nile stuff and Surat clothe and the countiii^g out

284
of porcelain beads, was incessant so long as the

daylight lasted. lêldames, with craekecl
penny-trampet vdipesj,. wei*e^ me^tijfwfeite ^liêfy
Im thîbt^Qi^n of new ^fil^^mj and tmm
aud naore camels W^t^ 0fer pouring towards the
scene of primitive commerce, loaded with the long
elastic ribs, and the coarse date matting which
form the skeleton and shell of the nomade's wig-
wam.
It was dusk when Ambeesa entered the long
mtitmsfoe^ dl tMt hmf He ha.^ journeyed
his arms and his lofty brow were alikfe €^ply

StaiB^d with the disguising dust of the desert. A
gang of JBoneSj with a stalking ostrich, driving
before them sundry asses laden with the spoils
of the chase, arrived at the same moment from
the opposite direcilatj:* Eude patelimant-covered
qtnvei's> well st(>ofe|^ with poisoned ^haftB^ hung
t^ of a lion, and witli Ih^îr* elttsfeJh^^-Wîliei^^

wiry siiQuMÎ*). %}m gypsey votaries of Diana ad-
vanced swearing and blaspheming towards the
Eesah quarter of the straggling encampment.
The light which gleamed through the black goat-
hair awning of a Gurague slave-merchant, fell upon
the features of %lm irild party as it passied; audi
decomti^ 'Mth a dirty ostrieh-plume, he faaeied

he jCOuld recognise the very foe of whom he was
m search, The %M m tratli ja m€i# isi^^sti-
Iftit^yfeiftg ima^^—jcmt:i?^ visage SM^ m%

BitmgiB^ bîe tia^t hiê ibeeii the perpe-
trator ofany ^^ft atrocity. The tail fat of four
B^rbera rams encrusted his head in a perfect helmet
of tallow, and the putrid entrails of the antelope
he had last slain, were slung in noisome coils about
his neck, to the pollution of the atmosphere he
l^ml^^^ ic^mîirt front displayed lli^tifh
Stlh S>Ytj years a perfe^ mmt
of mjMc 3b i^fk^mA relief on wifch were
figijtres
imbedded amulets stitched in grea^ la^h^r; emA

the distended lobes of his enormous ears were so
loaded with pewter rings, that not another could
have been squeezed in. A gap, consequent upon the
loss of five front teeth in a recent brawl, made room
for a quid jm mSMmf &!a^M€BEiy|v Two wmM
(?f
sxmken blear ^^m,. ^Mi^ &0m^M^ tigu upon #

Mmif^j iûinted altîutely, as thfe iuiitisaed balls
mre revealed by turns according t^f the employ-

of the wearer's sinister vision
t)!l€^t ; and on his
meagre sunken cheek yaT\med a seam five inches in
length, which precisely corresponded with a gash

known to have been inflicted by the youth's father
during s^'^^tain moonle^ wgM Emir, ^km a
ifcfi
stab in tlt^- imol: Irftd aromed the -tejiân from
" Stay you here, Moosa/^ quoth on0 jof the bow-
men, addressing thi3 captivating hero, as they
286
stopped before the doorway of aft iinfimAed eabm at

no great iSfet^^^ beyond 4te t<>V^r's pall, — tarry
you here-^ m& -y^^M im^n^ mt tMm
wenches to unload the asses,"
The name had not been lost upon Ambeesa, who^
like all of his bigot creed, placed the firmest reliance
in fate. He had sworn never to return until he

should have given the body of Moosa to the wild
beasts, wha^'etha "raltures might pick out his eyes.
The object of Weary journey was by
4îmf ia W& ^m!t^ ^îm^ vMm
H$ clutclieg. He who iiiti^^d ;$&0 wm M^^
suredly alone with him in a datk laatie, atid Aylia
was without doubt his own
TVogSrri onaani^ wogerrimaani^ wogerri maani^^^
repeated the W6ema coldly, as he extended his
open hand towards the doomed victim in token of

a-taity- TVogerri, wogerri^ wogerri^^^ CK^reles^Jy
rel#j*ie^ m^^^ ito s^êosted, at tht
time p]^§&ig Bit îtm%f inj^îfs mi^kaniailly
the ^ftjtor jgpaiaifed. The mm tri|fe salutation
again reiterated, was thrice returned ; and it gra-
dually dwindled away to an assenting um lium^^
in itself fuUy as frigid as the wearisome repetitions
of inquiry had been deeply treacherous.
Moosa stooped to shake the pebbles from his
dilapidated Hii Ijtofel^ ter^&^f

Wdem% fox Ms gartiietit Ijî i^m fr^m Mttîmy
elcâd tee^ an inaudible invoocttion to Alah,

287
Aml)ejes& fu^ toly d^^ Jhls i05F#^se, plunged

razor-edged iWe ibm into jfilia^î^lfeig
spine of his unsuspecting foe, tore tlie vaunting
white feather from his greasy locks, spurned the
prostrate carcase with his foot, spat upon the un-
seemly features now distorted in the agonies of
death, and fled into the wilderness.
Months had elapsed, and the festive season had
'
bmfe their iRredîirgg. J^fej^ a d^^*-ejed dawsel
hsid TfeiKi led by h^Jb^py swain to lii^-iiUjrtligL
mgwamf wh,€s^ agayer procession than usual Wia§:fO

be seen passing up the centre street of the encamp-
ment at Gaiel. Eight wrinkled matrons led, bran-
dishing swords and creeses with truly Amazonian
gestures, whilst they danced to a wild song in
which all j oined eh^tus M $h# ^^S^tt&Sdt thumping
of Jfeiittle^Blm. Tk^ xih^wm tmdm bride
screened from vulgar gaze beneath a canopy of
blue calico, borne by a party of the viUîg^ balleS;
splendid with porcelain jewellery and grease — their
arms, hke those of the sister Graces, entwining each
other's waists; whilst every idle blackguard that
could be mustered, swelled the nuptial train. At
mim^'&mîM^ <rf ihe ^^^vmm gave place
to a slofill wa^l spH idbm #3e mywapht p3**oii«^^
m a ^(^} 6?3t3 ik^ pmmBmm, after i^m
jpaiûiiDtg^ ifirimgh the hamlet, was preceded on its
return by a j^rfy of dirty urchins bearing the

288 A umAmim visit.
dower in ornamented baskets woven of the wiry-
leaf of the palm. Massive earrings of brass and

coppa? toiongst tbfe 'tl?0atoes, an^ #tf teeh
whicik îa*. the badge of ike weidded wife, had not

been forgotten.
Aylia was still the fairest of all the daughters of
her and Ambeesa ever the foremost when the
tribe,
spear was thrown over the shoulder of the warrior.

Happiness and content reigned in the rude hut.
word hai mffled the existemee <jf the
IJo 'lmgfii
young pgifj a&d the j^tra^g^ B^ver pass^ fjig d<3sOT
or the kind word But in accordance

escohiftnged.
with the barbarous usage of the Adel Bedouin, the

wife was to remain an inmate of her father's
dwelling, until she should have become the mother
of three children.
^â^ taiMay iJi flie Smltigr isii|»mer months, and
th^ fiery sun poured Mb fii^c^t rays &^ Jftf
nieridiaii 1§0 Tmm^ w^- abl# to
êndure the broad glare that i^wt^&M the vast
sandy plain of Errur, which at intervals wa^ scoured
by towering whirlwinds, imparting the aspect of a
manufacturing town with its huge steam-engines
at work. All animate nature shrank under the
scorching heat, which had even curled the few
scanty tmi^ôf'iv4tt0)Dgd vegetatia^. The stillness
of .deatii p^âii % ^^^0^ leene over which
floated the treadberdtif mitage^ it: tm$'i^t0
289
laoyed, and no sound was heard save the roar of

the angry wMeiwtfcA il^littg every thing fejfer^ it,
tenements of the location — unroqfing '^tim itod

filling others with dust and pebbles — a curse from
the drowsy savage whose rest it had disturbed.
Suddenly a shrill cry arose in the distance, the
well-known tocsin for the assembly of the nien-at-
sterted to BiS; faat^ mi^ lm% iSin^ lied tot

hotirs been Mtol- m tha '<}oi»bj p<m3jed hx^h it$
warrior, armed and I'â^" f0T the fight. On the

verge of the plain was descried a band of the Alia
Galla driving off a troop of camels, and with the
points of their spears goading the aAvkward animals
to a grotesque gallop. Their remoteness, and the
wm^tw^ t0 iliihS^ ttej urged,
im]^l*feSy lSii?ough the naedfom cdf ^ wk^^^ ik^
tions through the d^^f^^ê atinoâ?e. Now a

head attached to a long neck was separated from
the body, and elevated many feet above its proper
place and now animated legs of exaggerated length
;
could alone be perceived flitting fast over the sultry

^tsm^t UnattachfedE iMk Amwdii^x^^w^^ in
rsii^mt Mtd the rn^'m B^mmt wm iklxm mih
fragia^ts of men and dromedaries, which seemed
to have been hurled thwugh the air by thfs lûv^ting
of an exploded mine-
rot. 1* ^
290
Galla and Wdema, pursuer and pursued, scoured

for some hours over tlieand it was
sandy waste ;
near sunset when the pagan marauders were over-
slkarg (inflict eosoi^ j tw? M^kM^ Imâg

jMleHf tlm feoty was t^^mf fbiig unbeKevers
put to flight by the sons of the Faithful.
From the door of her father's wigwam Ayha
watched with inward misgivings the return of the
victors; and as she saw the bodies of the fallen
borne upon the shoulders of their comrades, her
young hm^ tim^^& mMMj., fea? hm ttewty-
iir^P4^ biwbaaSfcdîfci^ one of them ¥im im^^^^m^
gc«y corse of him ê. ImeA, a flood of hot tears

dimmed her lustrous eyes, and uttering a piercing
shriek, she sank senseless at the threshold. Eoused
again to life, the bereaved girl filled the hut with
her doleful cries, and shriek succeeded shriek as
Imrmi^ hm Wim, ^rn^Mm^ Death would
M4îgd kave beeti $lm<^ p^tÔ&fe i}m lot m-m
mêd by her destiny* "ISie pi?d|3tfet*ty^l^^
marriage by the deceased was resumed by his gi^mp"
ing relatives, and the late light-hearted wife became
once again a slave under the roof of her avaricious
parent, there to lead a life of drudgery until another
wealthy suitor should pay the dower fixed upon
hmdmms. But the was gone, by
elastic step
wbMk AyU0. Md mt Imn #stinguishM #)ove all
the W6mm inaM^m. Ml Umk ^^Mlk Imi
THE YOUNG WIDOW. 291
their wonted lustre, and the radiant smile no longer

beamed over her faded features. The orphan pledge
of her first love clung to a widowed breast, and the
heart that beat beneath was broken by the untimely
fate of the brave youth Ambeesa.
292
CHAP. Hxxm.
TmM ajTE-BTliD FAMILY. HAO, AND JIR^T GLIMPSE
OF THE HAWASH.
Ij^ng J»î*|i©¥ Stffl mfMi- 40S0rts of Adaftj isi

renowned for the possession of two thumbs upon
the dexter hand — a proud distinction by which his
ancestors have been recognised from time imme-
morial. Sheikh Oomer Buttoo ibn Ali, akil of the
Tukhaiel, who occupy the country from the oasis
of ll^drli^ Mi^to S^ iEfe feî^^^ja^lpi^
€iiSi%lS$mm%, ^Btmî^ #e lost îtim #ipi§t^ êrf
ml. 1^ is reputed to have forfeited 4t %0m^ ^
ditary visitation, which through every gener^^>ii
has disfigured his ancestors in like manner — no
single head of the illustrious line having been
known to possess two eyes ! This venerable Poly-
pbemtiis viaited the mmp after dark, attended by
Ms hope&l :aÊ-«d ii|% #fel>"h^^ tlteady qa^SÂ
of ttite MIco in the Clandestine rtiwii^ itMoTi •
these savages prefer to a more orthodox pubhc

presentation, they slunk OrWay, well satisfied with
their booty.
THE BtlDBOO." 293
A group of slatternly females belonging to the

Ittoo Galla had sauntered carelessly into camp
with ^-hJdfB tm
and i^hmm^ ihB ^j^ûm
$ale,
<i tM^? îm %l^k } Mb

tol ^3pm dmi^ de*
pkTtm^ m
i&êiiing Îjitd^s: d^mt tî led
to suspicions anent the <ifc|ect of their "^tl. At
the going down of the sun therefoM % ^mimn
was promulgated by the Ras, enjoining a vigi-
lant look out for Galla and wild beasts and his ;
earnestness might almost have led to the anticipa-

tion of a rush of wild equestrians through the
f&Gampment, |t ©Jj&ijgie of hungry lions frffra iSilt©
^<3|ifcc^t glaoJtty#^ ^b^mB the temam&m of

first watch. Bat the cry of wolf J ^ Bad been
too often dinned into every ear ; and although both
elders and escort had sworn that this night at
least should be one of wakefulness, no surprise was
elicited by the disappearance of their bushy heads,
one after the other, beneath the mats — an example

wMch waa hf M^t}x^^%t(y$0mB pft
speedily followed
Intf^, # the rain began agdn to tumble in tm^miî
" Et veterem in limo ranae cecinere querelam.
The fear of attracting the Buddoo," as the

much-dreaded marauders of every class were gene-
rically designated, still invariably brought an order
which there was no gainsaying, to strike and pack
the i^t lb^0t0 mmety hmm^ #0
JSm was in qoni|»a@piBoa with the iyraiiny

ti 3
294
exercised by his unaccommodating train. At

whatever hour of the night the arbitrary man-
date to load might be promulgated, it was required
that the bedding of tlm whole party should fortlL-
witlt Tm ^^ytmi. *t the quairtiiri ilm rn^^mt

dAvm t0 w1:ioMa it pertfiined, §mee he 4e€&ie^>
making walk to the
his camel spot. Ifereover
the delay of a few minutes was sufficient to con-
demn it to be left on the ground, notwithstand-
ing that preparations often occupied two hours,
which might as well have been devoted to rest and ;
this wanton curtailment of sleep was doubly felt after
iie h^'!;^ 4ttty ihm iSim^liM, -^fW

Th0 *«ate Qth ted. M
1%^ TSMtf ^ ^latliatyatioia of the Ifoolu f39i%
Mtending from the Azb6ti and Ittoo ranges to the
mountains Aiulloo and Abida. Twelve miles in
breadth, it presents one monotonous alluvial level,
treeless, but thickly covered with grass, inter-
spersed with dwarf shrubs, and enlivened by herds
of the elegant mhorr, amongst which the secretary
ted 42^cê$4^â^lf^^ miiê dignity. %^^m
^^S^ to0r treJ^ -d^^^-ded DEL ^ hBfe
tecttd la 4f pealing across the expai3tt0^j|
the^ W^t^^ group pâwued demons from every

like
quarter, and having presently hooted and hunted

the terrified animal into a bush, transfixed his car-
cass incontinently with thirty spears.
Tke whole landscape was alive during this ani-
295
tf^^ wM^^ t^mîy occupied ^ jciîixute
^nd Iq: dm process #f tinae palatlrig tr^trfd^s
rejoined the caravan, their necks, spears, and shields

.adorned with strip^^ of the victim^s tail, whilst he
who by dint of superior wind and fleetness had drawn
the first blood, was by his comrades pubhcly in-
vested with the spotted spoils that he had won. The

appearance of the party on their return, accom-
patSfed by a stray horseman "who iitd fortuitously
m
join^ JM^^^Mij lirifc l^pmxf iSm
Eas to im aipprigfeiimoii that the IWooJ^^^êt^
descending upon the caravan, ITHe 'wtith ac-
cordingly closed, and the Europeans took post

on the flank to be assaUed, until a nearer approach
revealed in the savage band the features of friends.
A descent of thirty feet over a narrow tongue of
land, led into the valley of Halik-diggi Zughir,
styled hj tie the Jfeas^—
Ibreadih Ibefei^ %hmt tm ^ li^ i3sil% ^
which grazed a Wliop y0.i asses. Bpwfiîd
throughout the serpentine progress by parallel
banks of corresponding height and appearance, the
'hollow would seem to extend from the mountains
of the Ittoo GaUa north to the AiuUoo volcano. It
wears the aspect of li^^g onee ik^ dbaSM
j0f|ti^% ^Mehi rnvm ôt imj^robably 1mm

hên diverted into its present course at the period
whan the extensive volcanic tr^t around Mount
u 4
Abida in a state of activity, and when-^tiM^-
vmmii m&âcfe mmt have caused:
3Sapfe tlie last Bjmo&i^ Bm^- tiie
Kurb^ta, the myrrh-bearing tree *, of which %WQ

varieties are found abundantly over all the barren
hill from the Doomi valley to the borders
sides,
of the Hdwash. That producing the better descrip-

tion of the gum a dwarf shrub, with deeply
mm U % m
resin, is
nmm^ green; wb^m

ife t^^t^ yielding ^ gmlto^^ mm^ tl^ fe^litt
than mp^% liitalii^ ^ Ii^^tjt, <if ^ feet, hm

bright shining leaves. Froja any bruise or incisioix
inflicted, the " k^li " flowa copiously in the form

of a milky juice, possessing a perceptible acidity,
which either evaporates or becomes chemically
changed when the gum forms. Left ungathered,
it becomes hard with the loss of the volatile oil,
mi- thuE f?t*uniBes away ; Imt if the wound be ,
elearei '&eqtieKfly,. a mty lm!g^ iiiftîîtity may be

dti^ng tht aeiab^mt irHek mmt in Sm^
<3<553mted
nuary when the buds appear after the first tain^
and again when the seeds are ripe, in March.
Three ounces of the finest myrrh and one of
dross, may thus be obtained during the year, and
the secreting vessels lying immediately under the
epidermis, a very slight bend in a branch makes
it flow li?eely* The wandering shepherds îâm
timt 0€ 4>n# #1 Im^&t Ik&m^ fem|s# them^
stem with % Ibea'^* a^ loi ^ti^d the^ -^rc^
BATAW MOfiAMMAP, 29T
of the tree ; but every new sprout is spontaneously

covered with gum, although in a somewhat more
tfetii S^fâfeU fe^ Ifee: mm spot
I^d t^-^fe foj^tttfe^ <£ m airer^ffllfetf ^^v%, mi
The mirrlie sweete bleeding in the bitter wounde,"
is transferred by each passer-by to the hollow boss

of his shield, to be exchanged for a handful of to-
bacco with the next slave-dealer met on the caravan
roadi, Bttt th$ J)$f-^^L^ve not altogether ignoxtot
mmÂit theî^m that w^tte

to proceed fypm &eat and exhaustion.
It been seen that from Yp©r Erain Mdroo,
an accession to the escort was received in the
person of the hopeful son of Datah Mohammad,
co-chief of the Sidi Habroo. This insatiable vaga-
bond, a worthy scion of his stock, had received from
iihe Mud of 1ld$i4if# m M|^fet €iat 4&xM mlf Um^
belonged ift îsli^d owit-llrc^. Peeply sca,ryed
mtli tli€^ todt;â#;t im Boated half'-shavem imml^

peered throaglt a laalgl^d Web of grease-clotted
halt:, like a drowsy owl out of an ivy bush. He
jtejsented a truly striking picture of man in the
natural state. Although never without a new quid
in his mouth, and another half masticated behind
either ear, he passed how^
j^y lit impor-
of
"iimmg f^^-imm ^ fmSoof ifM,^ Im wm the
most pasdâ^te afeiipe*j^ it waa his tiii(J<^^?iaAa»g
m an f«xfhorftative %me the tThjMhh ^ÎrrebQot^

THE omAT SiiiSf?t "ô^^-
in token of his determination to add still farther to
his stock in hand of yam-needles, which already

outnumbered the quills of the porcupine.
Firmly persuaded that every mule with the party
had been j^tttcJijag^ especial ifidingj mi
equally c<3tefe^^^Wlfts preseii^^^
that came witBitt Mi^ changing it as often m

he thought proper^ Bud never leaving it without a
galled back. If not a professor of equitation, he
was at all events devoted to the science, and it was
with a fiendish scowl indeed that while crossing
Halik-diggi Zughir he m ord^ fa dfe-
maujil itbm ^ ^-fcfe^ wM#fe hp 1mA of
^Tmm!$MeeP^ " attend," he mumbled sulkily^^lie

thrustaway the animal with tht bEtt his SJH^^?-^
Tuwwaddee ! I am a great man's son, and have
no intention of walking. If I am not to have a
horse, you may even settle as best you can with my
father's Bedouins,"
Mules, horses, ^3*:eaanels, in considemHe rnxm^

I5e3?s, were abaaadtmed Ij^fee Ifee of this
laefe la?mg reduced.^ t^ MlA

positive skeletoB# they wal^d "Witli difficulty.
Ascending three successive terraces, each of fifty
road finally wound into the con-
feet elevation, the
fined and waterless valley of Hdo, famous for the
number of parties that have at various times been
isutplSgea idi mt up by tba lteigklK)tirfng Galla —
AJT mm iPOT.
" For, with hot rapine fir'd, ensanguin d man
M^t 0. mt^fith had ©lapsed tteê Ai^fe^^d

MilvMtt^ls ife 'I-îi^ îMa-titn, ibci|ra&iKl to-sa-
tisfy burnmg tMr&t, hurrying in advanog <>i the

maia body, were cut <^ by a band of Galla horse-
itteu, who had lain concealed behind the rocks
immediately above the present encamping ground,
and who, after mutilating the bodies, bore off their
barbarous trophies in triumph. The dale hard by
J^d 01% im0 laights praôtiîjr |h£i wm^% t$
tfer êsi^t J|>rmed th^ iseê ti^f igk skimiah
when the bodies of twenty of the ^^yjm^t

of the latter were left to the vultures and hyaenas.
Every hill and valley in this direction could, in
fact, tell its individual tale of bloodshed and
slaughter. The wild barbarians keep a coBStant
lookotit fe) poiine^ upon any wanderers weifei* t£^|*L.
HhemêlêB^ MitA few %m ih^ m^tm Wjk^Mm wBo
Ifafear not #exTf j^sorif B0j2ieiii3itB)le mart of
hand to hand combat.
Fatigued by the long march, the Dandkil were
all fast asleep within their temporary sheds, a few
of the drivers excepted, who tended their browsing
camels among the adjacent thorns. In an instant

the yrhxM vafiey tmg the to itmmble at
urmB^ atxd ineo^0^f;#le toI ê ^ôiifiifloa 4hat
^B^ti, Jfe&y <3sf eâcî mi^l^ ^â, in
rushiEg forth overthrew portions erf their dens
300
upon others who were still inside. Warrior clashed

against warrior, shield against shield. The rocky
hill side was presently a living mass of half-clad
savages, panting up th^ .^fe^^p aciglivity, wlj^^3|: jfeir
s^mfi^y irhote saidi^ ^jp^^fet

htai ^jaM^d the alarm, were perceived maraBtiBg
their steeds and, tmd0i?&t»îng themselves to be
;
the objects of these warlike preparations, they pre^

cipitately sped their way.
From the summit of the height was obtained an
exhilarating prospect over the dark lone valley of
tie long-lootelMfej? Mim^* 3!J&e t^ra^ pi ilm
^n^mî^hm wm tojafkî bj ^$ti^ M*-#f <rees
:gE#at mountlfe 3?îlJg% Mliereof the cloud-capped

cone that frowns over the capital of Shoa forms the
most conspicuous feature. Although still far dis-
tant, the ultimate destination of the Embassy
seemed almost to have been gained ; and none had
ito of ik^ 'hngth of time thai must elapse ere
Mg. feM îi0t3l4; Iflpess t&e ^<M of A«tfed%^^. A 4%y
of, mttoB0: fee?* itist tm^ i^Qjm^ hf a heavy
fall of rain, ^lii^lby to itimccommodating
arrangement again peremptorily exacted, of striking
the tent at sunset, thoroughly drenched the whole
party ; but before finally drawing the mat over his
sleepy head, the Ras el Kafilah mounted a cone
which stood in the centre of the compact circle,
mcL êkimedL M ^ loud voice to a,E, iktiight of

SOI
NUMEBOUS were the apprelieiisions now in agitation

relative to stefe of tfaa •foêi3i|i^Mfe w^^ i^^
vanc^, w?itm dWl^w^fiê^ #<^; fe^t^lfei^rf fl^
the season of drought, was not iitweaapCWidKl^ ^^fec^
tured* ta be woUen by th^f t^c&kt tehiM^
of the rivers of Abyssinia, and rising in the very
heart of Êthiopia, at an elevation of eight thousand
feet above the sea, which it never reaches, the
H4wash is led at l0tig ilik^W^B by niggard tribu-
Mmm ^<m %0- Jiijlw^tfes BMm. mA Kfltj
and flows lShM a g^^t ^fei^y thi^mg^ and -and
inhospitable plains thfe A^^^^^l, green and wooded
throughout its long course, until j&maJly absorbed
in the lagoons at Aussa and the canopy of fleecy
;
clouds, which, as the day dawned, hung thick and

heavy over the lofty blue peaks beyond, gave sad
presage of the deluge that was pouring between
ipgrd^sit 3?aîte the Mghtr t$^6im Qf iU
^Mî% ^totg tife &ce of the murderous hill^

wMeh is of waeie foKmation, the road descended by
302
several sloping terraces, to the level valley through

which the river winds. At first thinly wooded,
p& 3oil was 0mrm^ *^tib^ tall jwk grass, wMc&, m

I5»êq|iiî^^ M ^ p^^^^l JacuTsioiis cif ih0
gif^ la sdl its native Iti^miS^ttiBt,, timropp^d
GteM^b^
"whs^T^ by flock or herd^ But as the path wound

on, gum-bearing acacias and other forest trees
increased both in size and number the jungle—
and undergrowth, teeming with guinea-fowl, which
rose clamorously at every step, waxed thicker and
iMok^ — groves of waving tamarisk, ringing to the
fmM^ ci the hdlMvAf &mk^^ 'eyery open glacte,

^hfei^^tt lay tmc^ <£ tm^%t imi^î^^t mi.
noble trees which towered above them from the
banks of the HAwash, gave evidence in their shat-
tered branches of the presence of the most pon-
derous of terrestrial mammalia.
Vegetation having here assumed a luxuriance
te^cm M^piiMti^ it is inth Bom^^pibftjlty

that iê paigi^sfly.im^^ to Imhciii ^Bmm pimim-
menon of a running stream, forces his way i^J^gfe,
the dense thickets, which, until the foot t^ycWlfe^s
the very brink of the precipitous bank, so com-

from view, that its
pletely screen the silent river
very existence might almost be questioned. But
after a persevering struggle, further progress was
at length arrested by a deep voltaiae ctf ttia*J>U
wmpi ^mmM^ mtfe 4rifit-woi, wM^ «>fe| %i

tSkU of some three milea an im^ between steep
clayey walls twenty-five feet in height, bounding a
tmt^ htmk iktm^ &m tm4, mrxd. The
l>3pe^d:llt M the ehannel Ml short of sixty yar(3%
depth and violence, added iSj^ htoad hdt ctf
tamarisk mi acacia, interlaced by large eji^l^rs

and parasites, which hems in both sides, promised
to ofifer much difficulty and delay in the coming
passage. Pensive willows that drooped mournfully
over the troubled current were festooned with
:reei^nt drift, hanging many ^feet ab©^ Ifc^
jk^ mk'ô^rBmMm^ mm^h^ borders, fiffly l^rtw^
#jB assertion of the natives that the water had

recently been out, to the overflowing of the adjacent
flat country for many miles.
The HAwash, here upwards of two thousand two
hundred feet above the ocean, forms in this direc-
Mojjjfe^rW^ boundary of iije te#ti^ 6( ih^
His Majesty of the near approach of the British

Eaiba.ssy, But from some latent and sinister
motive of his own, the proposal was again negatived,
as it had before frequently been, upon the grounds
of the dangers to be apprehended on the road.
These, according to his shwlng, rend^r^^ it im-
possible for # Mmmig^ t0 "mi^^&^m mm
im^%. m ttn4^?*#lBgy notwit^tediiig Atof^.
Ifohsmmacl, the Danfeili who had been ike bearer
of the letter despatched to Shoa from Tajiira, and
who was still with the caravan, hafi m recently
p^saH #wiM m
safety ove^ iMB WmM^ route.
^ me^xn?^ of ^tecmMm ^f^feîafiaidationj
Jist
tfe «Dip w^ 1feme4 upon the ^timisit 5f a ^3p&Il

stony eminaa^j ooiidderably above water
itkpk; and several armed Bedouins were presenlJy
lounging and prying about the tent, to the great
annoyance and discomfiture of the Ras el KAtilah.
Those fellows call themselves Debeni," he re-
marked, " and will not "qs^^l aataMiet wantonly,
whatsoev'er mn hj their hands uj^cm. Th^

have no feiU^BiH h$my
Many energetic remonstrances touching the im-
propriety of the obtrusion, produced not the small-
upon these obstmate savages and finding
est effect ;
that they continued to laugh him to scorn, and to

s^st Ms boastdl* stLttoily M ^îmxce, thajiaJi jajM
finally requested t)b[# a piîSket might M
a|>dtfet the desired decaj3Gip|iaeiit^ The smell of
gunpowder is intolerable to every Dankdli. The
bravest of the brave slide off with a growl and a
sulky look, if a gun be but touched in their pre-
sence ; and an unexpected discharge, as on this
occasion, when a knot has collected, causes every

Mm to ttpoti Ms fêt, and, with a auttered
Otai^%/t# bring his spe^fcf |o a?est.
The reddue of the clajr was devofred i>|^ 'Qte^

A CAMMi BROWISED. SOS
camel-drivers to the preparation of rafts for the

transport of the baggage, and the working party
Wm B% the fftr^^ whm li^ concJi
Ôiai^dy: i0 larms, anil iflx^ iki® ^î* ^rhoop again
mnrnaoti!^ # tsBi itesM^* â^^ th^ <K?m-^
fiidom ttetênsued, and Ught-footed mmors were

to be seen scampering down every avenue, armed
with spear and shield but the cry proved to have
;
been raised in consequence of a disaster that had

befallen one of the camels. Too lazy to loosen the
4G0rd which fettered the fore legs of the animal, th^
Btapid mm^t 4iji?0tt it^^lfea^ crippled^ ^^mtL
as mighi Tam^l^BU mîpi^d, it was swept away

fcy tfce Strong current, without beii^g able to iiaalê
one struggle for extrication.

At sun-down the caravan was closely packed
within a stout thorn fence, serving as a partial pro-
tection against the wild beasts and plunderers with
ilepths fefetfiif m caiiitangled mt^twmm timt nî

ey^ i00tili f^Mttate the gloom,. Tfae i3(iO©»lemMgliife
was passed in extreme iHîs^fort, owing to a
didiige of rain whi(di commenced early, and fell
incessantly for many hours. Deafening thunder

pealed in startling claps overhead, and broad sheets
of fire lighting up the entire face of the landscape
at short intervals, for a monxent only (JisdiOsed the
^sa^mg^ loijdiM^S <«f the mxWi spot, whiêh
BextliaÛ;* ^hi?oude4m^|iTt0îâ^
306
With the dawning day, preparations were com-

menced for crossing the river on ten frail rafts
which had already been launched — transverse
layers of drift-wood rudely Imlimd together, being
re^teeil mM^mi^ %mj^t by the iMlIMm
tm mml Imî^ The mmm ^ %!^. 3miMl

had removed m&3i^ # t|tE overlopping boughs, in-
teriaced with creepers, which impeded transit
towards the point selected for the passage, and in

the course of a few hours every portion of the
baggage had been deposited at the water's edge.
Casting off his garments, Mohammifcd Ali, alw^S
tfe0 .fe^tia^st wet '^M^ #]ftifflettlty ^langer , nof^r
pluBging Icilo the river, swam wi& B tO Op-

posite bank, where it was belayed, upon the prin-
ciple of the flying bridge, to an overhanging willow
— a guy which connected it with each raft serving
to counteract the violence of the stream, which, in
spite of the heavy rain, had upwards of a
fallen
&dt taring the night, TtsiaaiWTOi^
by eYeryJ)mkMjm^§m-^
etera^%lmt^fficf#*^ task
before them. The water trickled over their giâ&y
limbs until a. la*e ho^r. of the eyeing, and the ut-
most exertions only succeeded in accomplishiag the
transfer of the endless train to the western bank be-
fore nightfall, with the loss of three beasts of burden
drowned, and sundry firelocks sunk to the bottom.
g07
This latter disaster arose from the spontaneous

going to pieces of one of the rudely-lashed rafts,
when one of the clumsy followers became entangled

lit iiie i/^;a!Gf^ m
^ ^ AM Willi teemt^Hf kw^ h^m
iîiit ^
fh^
Mv H4êinee was aittSiagW th^m "whb wi^fe thm-
cast aw^y m
tb# tio^dle of t}m 'Sk^ waters but ;
her's was not the person i<J sink, and floating like
a Naiad on the surface, with long raven locks
streaming over her fat shoulders, the nymph ap-
peared to be in her native element, and was soon
shaking her wet petticoat on the opposite shore*
-baggage being of ije<i^ssity divided, mid
llie wfeole M t&ih Mrtim m the
oasiadfliis^ in loa^ltig mA mmg%^33^
the drafts, lit was deemed prudent, in additioli to
an ostentatious display of rifles on both sides, to
make liberal disbursements of blue calico, in order
to purchase the neutrality of the Bedouins, who

infest the borders of the river. On the division
of the party, soiHe of fbfe females being
separated from tb^ldrin, ^ tiiiaraoietijt&r tj^^
Ibralto Bh^h^ ABE mm ^Mi^ fey i3m fifc^sal
for solution of the old rid^ of the three jealous
husbands, with their wives, who found on the
banks of a rapid stream which they were desirous
of crossing, a boat that would contain only three
persons, whereas each felt unwilling to abandon his
fair partner to the mercy qf the Other* After
X 2
m LAKE DUBB^LLI.
arrange the transit in a satisfactory manner,

Murhabba! he exclaimed; "had I been one of
that same party, I should soon have settled the
difficulty by cutting the throats of the two jealous
iTMcals, and takmg M thdv "mm^v^ to^ isxpM!*-
tMdk mA fesaMî^ fe^ ilm Mu%%m^ it Imd rcdl^d

betwixt clayey bmiks^ it 'wm mih mmh sa^fckfe^-
tion that a pond of wholesome water, styled Dub-

belli, was discovered, divided from the river by a
narrow wooded neck of land, one hundred and

fifty yards across. Steep shelving walls strewed
with shells and the reliquicB of hippopotami, envi-
mied tMs mttgate ^mm^ which appeared ^d. Tbe

fttthottiless^ ajftd %<$ Itiil^ ^d it h#if tti
ea;st thmr deep. brink; and whilst

the stems of tmaf l^mb |>artially immersed, the
leafless branches of some were loaded with storks'
nests, and the shattered limbs of others presented
tokens of the giant strength of the elephant, no less
than of the terrible wrath of lightning and storm.
feaafes^ dMde the expanse iirto tw^ Bs^^*

A group of ^d Bedouins watered ihî? ^saffiete/^
the shore, S^^dli3t ^b^r^^BteFe Behemoth rolled his un-
wieldy carcase to the surface amid floating croco-
diles — protruding his droll snout, which glistened
in slimy ugliness, to blow ever and anon a snort
that might be heard at the distance of a mile. A
THE ifrAmimm^$ Mmmt. 309
fô^-^rae^ b^^^^ 4uLf hardened intK antimony, took
crash nc4 to /tfe sîtgfe^ I3ttfe 4l&<^^

%M mm^tev went dmrnf lâ^ng a gôm of M0«5d
had befallen him,
to denofe i|he disaster that
had temporarily disappeared; and by the incre-
dulous Dandkil the assurance was received with a
sneering shake of the head that his carcass must
infallibly be found floating in the morning.
Mni^ :îfficiilty had been expeiiê^d^ln/ feinging
obstinal^ Itc^feiy, 'hM too ifrfl mtm^, %$ m$t

bility to STss^^ having •^<3&l^dly refused to take
the water, was towed over by main strength at
the end of a rope. Inflated skins kept the animal
afloat; but the stubborn head sinking below the
surface, the poor beast landed with sides distended
by too copioui iifaajght^ of m
^toiOst ttji 'kirsting
water. Km mmî wâ^^Mtei 3Sia-
simpEoity.of Ms old heart, adopted the paîDîption

^Caae wag who had facetiously recommended
suspension by the heels, in order to try the ancient
discipline of the Humane Society for the recovery
of drowned mortals. A fit of apoplexy was the
result, and the donkey expired under tht-feifiêefc
follo^sr^d by the l^dj^BEMims x^f

mtiWi ih^ mto^ 'wm dragged some twen% yard^
beyîai^ tKe limits of the encam|jj|i|t 5
and no
sooiner ia4 the dark night thrown ^ shroud ov^r it.
310 GOirdBBT OF THB hIwASB*
than the foul scavengers of the forest assembled in

numbers round the prey, and regardless of a blazing
watch-fire that iai bem Mjii^^d to ^rmt Mm m^ti
hapiry mood. WMst the tBhi descended m iHHess

torrents, a continual chuckle of the highest merri-
ment, which ran through all the various notes of a
clear throat, resounded afar amid the crunching of
bones and munching of flesh —
a deeper growl from
some larger beast of prey, now and then varying
Ike hxtefiml immm^^ to '^Mmm$ l^y
ringing laugh m a whole l^floil M ^mO^* VîiM
Mmhm ot Jighâittg ^Jaj'êi ovet the mm^ c)f
i^dnight ce^mi^'i'ikîn^^ snapping ofli?^Ki^[|ef

ill the adjacent forest proclaimed the nocturnal
foray of the elephant and hippopotamus ; the loud
roar and the startling snort were neither wanting
to complete the concert of the wild Hdwash ; and
long ere the morning dawned, the place of the car-
cass knew it jioti eveiy yestige, even to th^ ikuH,,
Imfl^g
Iwghing
Mmi.
hysena."
a ^gepii^ri^ la ^ mm ^Hhe
311
CHAP. XXXV.
wjd&y azb6tx. arrival of a spy wmm
ABYBSINIAN MOUNTAII^S.
^ ^#1 h mi dead," y^m tihe J^l ft^îood

e^t^ whai dayligit y^tjmd.
lêdouiided to the personal advantage of the

formant, but he had nobly upheld the national
character at the sacrifice of a handful of his much-
loved tobacco. Repairing to the margin of the
lake, the freckled pink sides of a defunct hippo-
tamarisks that rose tferoa^M the shallow water near

the but hawsers were carried out with all
briafci
diligence, and with the aid of the rudder-like tail,
the Colossus was towed to shore, and landed among
the mud under the acclamations of the assembled
Wbmm itfef %l3ij^^b^ the ea^tes fefe
were already^ f(Jt^lltei % ^ li^ttoce, to

watch the progress of events, ^td no sooner had
the teeth been hewn out than they laid aside their
bows and quivers, and having stripped tlie #lct

Mde from o^tt^ îfc^ âtta^l. |be tewat^ of flesh
1^^'£hevigourâ.iî3^ DÔJife^ls
staggering under ht®i |tapa ^ ^Weat, the

archers had soon l^ft ê scene of o]^feiî&ons. Two
reservoirs, each lying at the distance of a musket
shot, had meanwhile been visited — the one a sul-
phuric basin of considerable extent, the other a

vast sheet of water, embosomed in trees, dotted
over m$k wo^^îôH^dt te€ming with
Mpjjd^t^tal. û^ iMtwsfe ^^Cf wd
Im^t df lurking foes, the ^^m^^ allowe|. #>Jrm¥ei^
gation was brief.
Bidding adieu with light hearts to the muddy
Hdwash, the party resumed its march so soon as
the camel furniture had become sufficiently dry;
and parting the Dubb^lli lake, from the watai?t ^^f
wid#' BflteEtiot^^ partiBg saltite, passed
Biddtim -hî&algt of Ifiilku-kAyti lo to Bfij^h
trict, to a fourth pond bearing the euphonous titla-
of Ailabello. Prettily situated in a secluded gY0^

hollow, and presenting about the same circum-
ference as its neighbour, below which it is consider-
ably depressed, this pool resembles a circular walled
cistern, and is obviously the basin of an old crater.
Its Waters, alkaline, bitter, and strongly sulphureous
BIS
a hot mineral well at the brink, and possessing

the singular detergent property of bleaching the
fillSba^ many <sf
be seen m flmnting white tâs* Xhîee the road
1^ omj? n gpt^ ^Ûf etmiî:: wilfe ^fcll^saidfe mad
and ashesj and shut in by cones of triNiîS iMtliifej
forming another field of extinct craters, many very
perfect, and each environed by its individual zone
— whilst the circumjacent country, embracing a
diameter of eight miles, exhibited through the
suparmcâoaiT^ tracts <rf jit Idnck lava.
AppMbBiasicjU^ being ei^feSfl^toÂ 0| iJife imn-
^m^mM erf at ifli^^ §^Mk3& jsttited fbt t&e
eiJO^pment, still some miles in advance, a detour
was made from the .road to Le Ado, the
White Water," a very extensive lake, at which the
skins were replenished and the thirst of the ani-
mals slaked. A belt of high acacia jungle em-

bosomed this noble expanse, which exceeded two
l3Mm in diameter, the glassy Itt ver*
daixt wiih êffe of |oto3^ fÛ flowi^. :$md
Btej^lly ^mm^ with ^gttitiS: fawk. Greesej mal-
telr wMstling teal, h^^W^ m5 flsWti^^^ with a
new were screaming in all
species of the parra,
directions as they winged their flight from the
point invaded, where a party of Bedouin shep-
herdesses deposed to having seen a troop of ele-
ph^m:^ bathing not half an hour bffote -^^1^
t^t^m^f ^ttnk fresh mdh^^ m the mmt sands.

Prior to crossing the Hdwash, the only sheep
observed were the Ovis aries laticaudata^ or Hejdz
lamb, wis tÛ Ism^ m& l&E^ febtf
mw^^^ ^ li^fe lêad of wool Tife
place #ie AbyssiniaB -toge

pendulous appendages of truly prepostejoug Sfee,
encumbered with and vibrating to the animars
fat,
progress. Parti-coloured goats, armed with long

wrinkled horns, still diversified the flocks, which
were uniformly attended by small dogs with fox-
Mi^ heads, spotted ye%w-aiiid wKit^^ mM w^mtlf
high itii &i^0ttrîtli tii^fir iark xnistresses.
;&iv^r^ of these females wore arosiiaJ;
large tinkling brazen bells, borrowed from the collar

of an Abyssinian mule, and forming a very suitable
accompaniment to the massive fabrications of pewter
and copper which loaded their ears. Their long
black tresses were braided into an infinity of stream-
ers, eacb resembling the lash of a schoolboy's whip,
g^4 wi^ 3toc^t ingenicflaSrta#$^ S6a|!8ei
thew* |<îpa|>les, :aBd lfe&soM«. By Ike biate of
ê CQ^Sfe'Wf t^ homage was paid to certain
coquettes, wito carried milk jars curiously wrought
of palm leaves, and studded with manifold cowry
shells. To the backs of sundry weird harridans
were strapped skins containing sour curds, which
attracted flies in the tens of millions usually seen
tempt wm m0B %o disturb ihosbr tet dmte)?ed

in their blear-inflamed eyes ; and the swarms col-
lected about ^wrinkled corners of tiit. ffl^bj

^0re only put to iight wMm $he *M a,|^l^
to second 1^ nrwited. of ^rpBSte 0 the
|b|îi3îl<seof a whit^^fe^^ ^'Nubbee MohammadooJ'^
Numerous wigwams peeped through the extett-
sive forest of aged camel-thorns, which borders on
Le Ado, and eventually debouches upon a succession
of barren plains covered with herds of antelope.
Two rough stone enclosures by the wayside were
&tJ?M0U1it# by poles, from whidi dangled the heads
of as mmj Eoni$> 4Jl^|iâtei4 by ^%?i||h0irglt-^^
on this spot many years before hf |he Bedouins,
who exalted these trophies in cdixMexaoTOtioii of
the deed.
Immediately beyond this point lay the encamping
ground at Wady Azb6ti, where numerous shallow
pools had b^ filled bj the êeîit terwhê
i3bij^tjidh% 't^^ge of grass

ot^m^ h'^W^^^ôm^ in the vicinity. It had, in
fact, now become a proverb, that these two essen-
tial materials to existence could never be found in
the Adel wilderness in one and the same place.

Vast flights of locusts, which had assisted to lay
the country bare, still carrying desolati<JJt in their
progress, m^m shaping their destiniiotfet ^p^^ê
ihfs mommt that the cm^mm. hdited j and a host of

316
voracious adjutants wheeled high above the dense

cloud, at one moment bursting with meteor-like
velocity through the serried phalanx, and at the
Tomii stalking ow %B fieM ill tlbeir ^capacious

rnm^ 191^ mMMB wtmh ilmb long scythe-
ie^MoM^ pmom had s#4pt tecontfeteiatly &om,
The groves around Azb6ti ^feriJed a walcome
supply of bustard, partridges, and guinea-fowl,
together with the mhorr, and pigmy antelope and ;
on the return of the heavily-loaded Nimrods to the

tent, infinite diversion was found in the horror
depi<*04m'felie physiognomy of iii^ W^rlkfe h0^'

of iihe HyÔTOTill whsm f^ôafed
justly invested him with the sobriquet Of ^^1^^^^^

Sjmtax." The professor of iiatural history was as
usual busily engaged in the preparation of cabinet
specimens, when the old oddity advanced to see
what was going on ; and as the bodies of beetles
aijd iQCiistt to the process of toasting
Jtef 'mWA vmm^ ^lâtf laaaâttgE m imr^

conviction entertaiiiedi, that the operational Wft^ IÔâe
other than culiniîy^ thart the hideous msects
têre to be eaten.
But the war-whoop, without which few days ever
drew to a close, had aroused the doctor from his
cogitations ; and at the head of his men he was ^re-
sentlyteh# pjisrsm^^ of^l»«îidof rtitfians, who had
317
Cileverly (mtiJVfed drii% olf maiel pertaining

Mfiiak Eetiiffling wJiTbL tltfe booty 0tffe^ a
long diase, the espMt ms cel^teited lo^ ih:^ wm^
S^^jS&iSQ^ which for an hour kept the camp in a fierce
ttj^roar. Formed in a circle, the excited warriors
crouched low to the ground as they stamped vis-d-
vis J
and howled with the utmost fury. Then rising
with one accord, they brandished their spears aloft,
aad vaulted franticly in the air through a maze of

intsigafe figures. Next arrayed in line, a brave
mi Mmn with mkimsg g^ wm^ thrmgh strange

gesticulations and contortions, as he recited the
prowess of the clan, and urged it to future deeds of
valour —
the clash of spear and shield responding
at every pause, whilst the wild chorus pealed along
the ranks. Confusion now ensued: the band was
engaged &M ptjitoapiiml^ iMddK&t^* Ew^ge aftei?
sava.ge, Mb .^3^1^^ M$mkg pfciMii#r4ike

r^ffi^
acwi lfe^ feins c^f Mt )li%hbour, and dlag-
i^^^
ing fa&l- with his lk0$My tightly clasped his erect

opponent with the muscles of his legs. Creeses
flashed brightly in the air; mock wounds were
inflicted,and the form of dividing the windpipe
having been duly gone through, long and loud
arose, with the renewed dtooe, triumphant
my fbe ! I have slain tiay iml

Towards, the clcte of tbe llty^ -wftsliot
muggy un4er the stem that arose ftotia sa^

MB
turated soU, a Bedouin rode consequentially into
camp, and, after making his observations, departed
m^t lt0 lid come, w|f tt^îjEfc dBi^mnjg m explan-
atti^cfed to lMM:^ryl^ ^mgm^ fedm ibi disuiifa-
stance of his grey steed being branded on flank

and mtb.e^ Fith the Êthiopian sign of th^ omm^
Delivering no message, although he was conjectured
to be a retainer of Wuldsma Mohammad, the Abo-
gdz or custos of the frontier of Efdt, whose post
was now not distant more than twenty miles, the
mysteriaiits iSmieimtiiXt ^ this dlj b# 1m
%1km^m ^ "vs^mk toA \m$ hsm. 3ii
the court of Shoa, the British wiê far from being

regarded in the light of welcome visitors, and
further, that an armed party was in readiness to
oppose entrance into the kingdom —a rumour
which, however improbable, was unfortunately
farther supported by i>!he. extraordinaiy urn-
acc^HHtable faot m of ^^lâitioH lîang^

up to Mb ^rfod, 1mm iû<3hsafe3 by %m%
Gracious Majesty the King.
Rising tier above tier to the supremely soaring
peak of Mamrat, the Mother of Grace," with her
domed head ever canopied in clouds, the lofty
mountains which fortify the royal dominions now
shot like giant castles from the sandy plain, the
weary path, lm& lm0ik ^mllj ceased, bi3* 1^^
and high among the more venerable witnesses tC)
the history of the troubled lowlands, the position of

Ankdber was discernible to the naked eye, with the
steep Chdka range stretching beyond at still greater
elevation. The luxuriant verdure which clothed
tie rugged sides of the nearer slopes, whilst it
0<>irtt*a^^(i siî^Ji^ ^th the aridity of the hmm
tracts m Wfesti^ ife iêm^Q0 rtlte
mimMd mm ; mxA hereof telh^ ^^Msîiee. -wm

afforded in the loir grmalMSn^' of
echoing like distant artillery among the serrated
summits, as the heavy black clouds at intervals
drew their smoky mantle across the scene, and
veiled the monsters from sight.
The departure of the silent spy was followed by
tfce 3|«ay^ a mm% hmtf^m^ ykii0t SMm tli#
hlgMati% ft^ hmf m% ^tea ol km

feeiiimi 1^ lofii^ globe ixi tlbe leTOe
mist, had no sooner disappeared in wrath, than a
furious whMwind tore along the desert plain, and
during the gloomy twilight, the storm, which had
been cradled amid the mighty mountains, descended
in desolation, like an angry giant from his keep.
Black masses of cloud, rolling impetuously along
tM «tfeep .mtsidii^MeS|r i#tJ<^. M lt»g€h wer the
^sm S 4m -W^tt, foi' m time ^kmuding the very
e^rtli iii iU dmk dank mbrace, only to mndm
m A TROPICAI. HOTBieANE.
more striking the contrast to the dazzling light

which in another moment had succeeded. Brilliaat
<5Oi*r<i^ti0im \MmA gdkliflfetÂ m every quar-
ter of the femd heêm^ hiWag ^d Bpltitterteg
thMiaghi lê h$m^ l&gv or daa^tiiig like fiery ser-
pents along thi^ iÛrface of the ground — at one
instant awfully revealing the towering peaks that
frowned far in the distance — at the next flashing
in a hot sulphury flame through the centre of the
encampment.
Meanwhile the deep roll of thundoj? ^mtinued
growl of eaek staaîlng iMf 'F^ry&ig evei? m it
receded in a fitful dh^m^ of Intonation ; whilst

the wailing of the blast, accompanied by the sharp
rattle of hail, and the impetuous descent of tor-
rents of rain, completed the horrors of a tempest
which, now at its height, careered madly over
the unbroken plain. The soil had soon swal-
lowed ^ M:age to ov^gi^fic^wifig^ MiSdy rivulets
|w^trei iiwggfe ^1?^ foî^ ^ fiôidL
some temporary shelter, proving of little jftp^th^
avail, the shivering but stiU watchful party were

exposed during many dismal hours that ensued to
all the merciless fiiry of this unappeasable hur-
ricane.
CHAP. XXXVL
A COOL cloudy morning succeeding to this dreary,

boisterous and uncomfortable night, the caravan
irasin motiQiilieiforeM^î^âx^
sheet oftfct afe§ 1^ growing benea& ipeiicl-

ing acacias upon a gravelly soil. Then commenced
a belt of hummocks, formed by prominences abut-
ting from the high land of Abyssinia — a succession
of hill and dale, thickly wooded with a variety of
timk^^ mil «?lOtl;il iAih ^ lyjidergrowtk of
tibe wMMo^j^^ ihmm^ wimh Wrn^ 0f
itmm&ti w^f^ "thfe road smrn mtm^ the
tiieir
piTbi^^-bed of a mountain stream, running easterly be-

tween precipitous basaltic cliffs towards the Hawash;
but although such torrents of rain had fallen tlfe pre-
ceding night, no water was discovered in the wooded
wady of Kokai, until reaching Dathdra, nearly thir-
teen miles from the last encampment, where the
party parto^ tM fcit ©i^stftl htmh tlia* -h^
VOL. L T
322 THE ABYSSINIAN JilJ^.
occurred duriiig tlte mtire wâ^ Ihe

sea-coast.
Three thousand feet above the ocean, with an
invigorating breeze and a cloudy sky, the climate
of this principal pafet iWio Smitêm J^lfBilttlaj
t^l of a fine stj^rtm^f iSay in lE^glm$^f i^$^%^t^^
fOl! tli^. first time during the pilgrimage, the tent

wm erected under the ^Jiade of a wide-spreading
tamarind, which, among many other trees of noble
growth, graced the sequestered spot. Above the
surrounding foliage the long white roofs of many
of the royal magazines were visible, perched high
m &0 Klttt J34<mi)tMm $1%^ M tk^ ferked branches
mmlbmi. ê?e pjfeA hap|a^-lm)Mng nmU of
^mim dimerisrOa% ilMtcfe^ 'wifh ^^mj ^fctefilam
to neatness and comfort — the small aperture left
by the feathered architect turned in every instance
to the eastward, and carefully secured from the
weather and perched on every twig, an assemblage
;
of strange birds displayed their gay glittering

plumage, or filled tht cool aar with melodious
song.
which wai ^g^&l iowi^t^* #:e (hm of lay^ thê

burst' mppn the delighted gaze a prospect more
than ever alluring of the Abyssinian Alps. Hill
rose above hill, clothed in the most luxuriant and
vigorous vegetation. Mountain towered over moun-
tain in a smihng chaos of disorder ; and the soaring
peaks of the most remote range threw their hoary-
heads, sparkling with a white mantle of hail, far
litttQ iit MXiW li^tMM* lipiAlets ein-
J>€^(MmeiL m iêi^^gtjQW grouped
quoted ttefep loiielri^nay and .;

the sun, bidding
a diurnal farewell to )m much-loved plains of thie
east, shot a last stream of golden light, varied as
the hues of the Iris, over the mingled beauties of
wild woodland scenery, and the labours of the
Christian husbandman,
delegate îtinig^ tite N^jgoos
awaiting the Brftfefc .BBabaisyv fytm^î^
town of Fdrri, where Q$3(^ms are received by
Majesty's officers, being now only five miles distant,
a letter was prepared, of which Mohammad Ali vo-
lunteered to be the bearer. In signifying gracious
acquiescence to this arrangement, the Eas el Ka-
filah gravely intend th^t ^^mmrt of Hy So-
m^Bli liaprlêS fetKllialloo by thtîm
&0 Wk o£ Ali Abi, until th^ should ha^ iêeîrsid

the sum at which they were pleased to estimate
their services. Little reason existing to be satisfied
with the vigilance of this band of warriors, not one

of the component members whereof. Doctor Syntax
inclusive, had adopted the plan proposed by the
pQ#-fot lengthening the days of f^dsl^ce by ttild-
lag ^ h^^fiîW^^^^^^^^^ t^mjîmm to #1^
T 2
been evaded. But as Izhdk, in whom the truth was
not, now falsely asserted and maintained that the
Akil had taken his personal security for the sum,
and as it was obviously of the last importance that
amâl tti |i?tmêr ^licîildba timely reported,
the taoBey i^â^ t^t^^Mf âjij, and the eouriei?
on Ms jmm^.
sefrfor^lb
Rain was again ushering in the early hours of
the night, when the unpleasant intelhgence arrived
that a certain Wuldsma Mohammad was the de-
linquent, and that he had contrived effectually to
thwart the intentions of his royal master. The
king had co)a^fti*ad$5<i that hi^ Brijis^ irisifcew
slôuU be i^^di^'ad m wei#^ y$fyh tlie
H&^h by an e^ôtt ef'liôiir^ tlindfi? tke mm
mander-in-chief of the body-guard, three hundred
matchlockmen had been for this purpose detached
from the troops on service with His Majesty, and
had actually reached Fdrri, whence the jealous
Moslem had dared to send them back upon the
^feic*p^ of being unîe to ^liifai nxif
lillings <^tlie expected Franfen.:
This iaa^ycjo^^ ftfflt^Q^gtry, in edd&iom to Jm
office of state-gao]#i?, & i^fy hereditary Afc^g^ of
the Mohammadan population of Argobba on the
east of Shoa, and the nature of his government
exalts him in the eyes of all to the importance of
a king. With the title ofWuldsma a word —
of tiiieerteill derivation, known to Ludolf, the
great Mtt(>rf®t of I.Bygimâi% wfco- Biîm tihe dig-ni-
THE PRCX B3S3C m B^fix/ 325
tary " Pro rex of Efat'' — he possesses unbounded

influence over the frontier, his immediate duties
lbi#ig preseSrviei diaaicable relations wilh thB
occupying the plalct o( tlte Wm^t aixd to
pa«5*^dt kMhlm md^ mmchmU mthitg ^tmi '&m
iftjJefendent pri&cipality of Hurrur, or from the
coast of Tajiira. His functions kie^per of the
state prison secure for him the respect of all,
Christians as well as Islams, who have the fear of

a dungeon before their eyes; and although nu-
merous Abogdsoch or Wuldsmoch, governors of
4âched provinces, ^s^m MJk yoiê:^, tB^
nmm mid m%&mmi ^
dioi laiife the
light %Mi glmm fttto Jki$ U0p*h6Ud r^Mmm
G6ncho.
It is the invariable policy of the haughty Abo-
gaz to assume the great man to all travellers, since
it is generally understood that through him alone
foreigners can be received and forwarded, or if ne-
jcassary presented t0 tho Negoos. IMs arrangemîl
Bll ^polie Bîesi^ ^ the psm^^^ "of

territwiiî mA
featotog eveiy visitor through his
a portion of the attendant outlay falling upon the
functionary who may be honoured with the royal
commands.
Openly opposed to European innovation, Moham-
uiai pattkri&df 4ii^ked the jaAtîrt Ih^ BrM^lt
Embassy, mSi ÎMNii^ M^g Mjs utmost to
thwart: the more Hlei^l iîewa of the drown, by
S26 ABRiirjm <)3P mAm43tJi^mr.
treating the strangers with disrespect. The im-

perial order that an escort of matchlockmen should
for the first time cross the hill frontier, and proceed
into the plain of the Hdwash, to do honour to the
OMs&n guests, not only tmMî m hil Hî^
htemtf Itet e4ta3lat# to interfere wiiSk M%
sea^coast. had rendered aborti%'e gil

iiyttigues
attempts to communicate with the Court; mA
whilst the approach of the Embassy was not re-
ported until its actual arrival at Dathdra, his non-
compliance with the order given had resulted most
pt^^xdicially, the Dandkil guides being now more
the party would be Wekome.

Fj?aparations-We-re t]^î|ig the following morning
to continue tb^ tfliu??în ISim^ whmîh^ bai%.
functionary was seen pompously approaching with
measured step, followed by a retinue of many hun-
dred armed followers, whose shaven heads rose un-
turbaned above flowing white mantles. Far from
ÛBouncing himself m the mm^mxkBxy manner, he
'mn$lf every camel h^Kfing been loaê3j ifefet©

iras moving off the ground. A peremptpi^ message
was then received through one of his myrmidons,
to the effect that he stood strictly charged with the
king's commands to suffer not one of the party to
advance until the next day, and that he was pre-
p$,racl to mt(m^ the iBie^'iiiotion. There seemed
Ittle tmiîi ^mM M being a preildaeSltated
JMs^to^ ^ i* ^rn^m^'^^^^ io^ be^ Ibut Ike
0lffi|j(a4t kmug keard the mi'^^^^^P^^
in presence of tlte Itiildsma Suleiman Moosa, Abo-
gdz of Chdnnoo, as coming direct from His Majesty,
timidly declined any infringement, and again threw
down the loads.
Condescending at length in moody suUenness to
%ppv0mk m& 1m0^ of r^mâ, tli© triumphmt
potentate, mrai^d i]k% tomi^f m cJmj^^ nSmM
:Sqaeezed his pursy figure lifte Ik chair, and com*

poaed himself with much apparent satisfaction at tiba
success that had attended his scheme of opposition.
A debauched, ill-favoured, bloated specimen of
mortality, the lines of intemperance were deeply
graven on his truculent visage, which was at once
cunning, sinister, and îlaibiing. But tê party
were not long trwMei ^^Îtto 'Mt t^Jj^teGât pe*
m^ce. The reeeptiiml^fres^jênoe^f^li^
was dkitont and studioudy formal, and ipdi,
beating in a full blaze upon his bald crown, ren-
dered his position so extremely untenable, that
after stij99[y murmuring replies to the customary
inquiries anent the health and well-being of his au-
gust l#TO9e^ uncerenjo#e>3a$^^^^^ and abruptly
withdrew.
view^ a braip?3i^ a^îait^ Whiniiihe <iiair, de-

^4
nuded to the waist* In his right hand he ostenta-
tiously displayed the chief gaoler's sword of state
a short heavy blade upm %M Mo^^ ^^6f the oM

Bo^ti MMoxh mdl^miS: m * ^blmi^ 0! masai?^
silveir ; mi 1m 1^ iappoirt^ a l^îsKbt i>f ^^laff
bull's hide, elaborately emblazoned w^h (S'êeirti*
and brass studs. The benevolent and prepossessing

aspect of the Wuldsma Suleiman Moosa, who oc-
cupied a second seat, offered a striking contrast to
the repulsive arrogance of his scowling colleague.
On his right side, protruding upwards with the
cam ci Mlj le âyi^ %^îiiii^<ai^
iJâiif sllied ior 3. reaprng^hoofe-^lii pfotid

badge of office, with a fluted tulip-shajstcL i^tXsAf
nation to the silver scabbard, which, according to
the wont of the despot, had been conferred on the
occasion of his first installation in office, but which
ludicrously interfered with comfort in an arm-
IQmhig #0 p£ tlie day, the mm^mt^^
ijbaracter and previoii3& fecjsfflB ptocec^npk^ .Bfe

fepight the white visitors neither presents nor
supplies, according to the rules of Abyssinian hos-
pitalityand although made fully aware that the
;
camp was drained of provisions, prevented pur-

chases by the undue exercise of his influence and
authojîy, A pelting ralti ^ring the night, from
whicli his Mlg^ "j^^mm mm ^SMktd^ ^
A 'wmmmt mm* 320
save the pervious branches of a tamarind, had not

t0iided to soften the asperities, or to alleviate the
B0iiHiiii of Ms aspect, vrkm #te &y ifeirii# j mA
iM wm mlf m ilftdfag tl^ fi#l^ pttpatî ad-
vance at the hazard of fefdMe #p|rosition, that he
finally yielded tlm p(^% Betwixt Mi obsed
teeth muttered his grumbling consent to an arrange-
ment which he felt longer unable with prudence to
oppose. " The English are a great nation," whis-
pêd the nephew of Ali Sherm&Mi m- he pî)^

Jiaughty AbogAz, " and you ha€ ImUm tifte
mm m ^^mt ^hmm. m^HHy. WMkMt -^m^
tMpi of war would carry this kafilah over the
water, and you aad your ho$t of Ibllowers into
the bargain."
CHAP, xxxyiL
m TOE Mmwrmn tm his vommom.
Geadually ascending througla a hilly and well-
gtod^5 irMekÔp^^ in ten iipon verdant jaaccwiBta^

scenery and at an early hour, after the first signs
;
of cultivation had been afforded in the truly grateful

sight of ploughs turning up the soil, the tents were
erected on the open plain of Din6mali.
At this, the frontier station -of Arg6bba, are
l$ffo3 toysH mxpmb MMhi jof ten per cent. ; m&
a of ml. 0c^^ ^d iitol feil
to ei3isue, auch m h woat to i^nil &@ itmiral of
e^^ry caravan. In his. ebêter of collector-
general of customs, the pompous WuMsma took
seat below a tree in the centre, whilst his myr-
midons, beleaguering every load the moment it
was removed from the camel, prevented all access

oil the part of the .o:w^€^ liiitii aci^l&Astftg f$9a?eh
%mi 1mm tnstiti^tai ilk^ mm%mj tm t%B -$0-
ffa^deând th# iiftpfW; fey % iôm^
process denomimted writing, completed inven- m
THE SIC^^SÎ^ mm tCHE SAM mkBM. 331
tory of contents. From time immemorial it had

been the law of the realm to regard the despotic
tate >i9B the propriet€>l^ -every moveable %t
dttJityie:ttd0^
now received the îStottnding intimation that
would touch the baggage of tjie British Emb^^ssy a*
their peril.
Thus for the first time thwarted in their prero-
gative of forcing open boxes, and inspecting the
wares they contained, DIbtera Xdkia Mm and his
ba?6ktli^- ^rtt^t 1^^ ^1itibM0:1|he oppo-
MUn ofifeêdvtd the ^& M a "vagm r^peiîitegady
euTrent, that a foreign king was beiug saii^ggled
into Abyssinia for evil. And they were still
standing in mute astonishment, with idle ink-horns

dangling from their hands, lost in conjecture of
the probable consequences involved by the unpre-
eedented Imterferenee exet*i^^ ^ tim$0>^ whm
tw^^ expressive of the cQmplmetcfe and
)mi unites <>f BeMssie. :EtiIl ^ a ^Sstance
from AnfeSber, His Majesty had resolved, in order
to hasten the intemew with his guests, to proceed
at once to the capital, whither the English were
invited to repair with all possible expedition.
The arrival of this unlooked-for salutation, which
was coupled with an sMimMm answer to a request
previously made, thalt tifee presents in charge,
the En&mmf «i^fc ^mMm be
nor siibje^^ted to the mml custom-house scrutiny
when crossing the frontier, had the effect of bring-
ing to his senses the overbearing Wuldsma ;

and,
in accordance with the king's instructions, oxen,
sheep, bread, beer, kf^^m^ yfj^ lihm^:
supplied w^^^^ mi^^& immm0M, 4^nti Batfe
arose on the pari ^ il*hia Kas el Kdfilah, whose

latent object being to transfer the charge of Dand-
kil caravans from the hands of the corpulent and
now civil gaoler to those of Wuldsma Suleiman
Moosa, made the acceptance of supphes at the hand
of the former a pretext for throwing up his func-
ti<3»t gfcd ll^^ Atrfcêi*, m^Wming as he

w&m^ Mu 'imM to n towfering passion, %Tm
av^fed imtpos^ ti lajîx^ mmj^Mikt %t tie
footstool of the throne, " Am mt I tht Mother of
the Sultdnof Tajiira?"
But the had not proceeded far on
furious elder
his adventurous journey, ere his ears were saluted
by repeated discharges of musquetry, accompanied
hf rnwAiBl music and ^ nok^^m^ ^toftis* Tl^m^
with the escort of ItoaoOT consisting of Ibifee hun-

dred matchlockmen, who were to have received
the Embassy on the banks of the HAwash. The
arrival of this important personage, whose school-
boyish sallies ill became his years and high military
functions, was speedily followed by the appearance
nobleman in the realm, also fraught with congratu-
lations- His presence liftd 4he effect of recalling
i&i .^tot^ Mm ^ % mim t){duty 5 m^SL m
l^dbiii caa*r&g^ M^?ing pemiA&B^ .1^
Abogdz, it was finally arranged, after many dJU'^
culties, objections, and disputes, that the baggage
should be transported to Fdrri, other two miles

in advance, where Mohammadan porters could be
obtained in sufficient numbers to convey it to its
fta^l 3fgfefeiîie(ji — tbe m^SRHltafeS m every part
a mile, the lalêss of the hour at which this accom-*

tia0datiant irouehsafed, rendered it impossible to
carry the measure into effect until the following
day. The governor of Ank6ber meanwhile po-
litely insisted upon charging himself with the bag-
gage, his officious zeal extending even to the effects
of priirate hsL&bMt^% whereby mmk ImQW^^hlsm
irn^ etttefled. Blit wotwithstaiidli^^^
pr6l@S:Wioiis, anÊ tli^ presence of so large a body
of the royal troops, everything was finally left
unprotected ;
and, before his negligence was disco-
vered, four of the remaining mules had been stolen
from their pickets by the marauders who infest the
neighbourhood.
Loaded fm thfc^-fiflth ma' Mi^ Mlh ti6t^
baggage ci il^ Bn0k Embassy, the caravaa,
flii^ playing a^d muskets echoing^ atid the hea%

S34
of the warriors decorated with white plumes, in

earnest of their bold exploits during the late ex-
pedition, advanced on the afternoon of the 16th of
July, to Fdrri, iJse tfecsiiiae'^^
tfet^g mdm ^ trntt WiB wM^ hmî^ gmg^

irBcerein the rojal l3ia?|& lare deposited, here pre-
S^ted the fir^ j^^mMKmt habitations that had
greeted the eye since leaving the sea-coast; rude
and ungainly, but right welcome signs of transi-
tion from depopulated wastes to the abodes of man.
As well froiâ the steepness of the rugge^^ moto^
JSc^flii^l^chinig climate €»flfeiei* ^fîttfe^luam

ilm mmSi hmmtm useless as a hm^ fidf Ibti^fea^l
mi none being ever taken he^mSi "Qcmiimf
tmuf of the Wuldsma's retinue now gazed at the
ungainly quadrupeds for the first time. The " ship
of the desert^' has been created for the especial
benefit of sultry, arid, and waterless plains, such as
those now crossed, where no other domesticated
animal o^î long exist, tal •iriê^^^rtft tii4i^<^
jgife ^ma fMêilipt of i&^|^g^, and the

^dmzon beams as with the fires of an hundred volcs^^
noes, the soft lustrous eye of the patient dromedary

loses not a jot of its wonted brilliancy. But num-
bers had been dreadfully wrung during the tedious
march, those especially which carried tent-poles and
other unmanageable burdens ; and amongst others,
two of the finest had sung under the weight of the
galloper-gun. ^lifaf^ wsiB Ike fo^td WW 3?e^
limt 0AMn ^yt^j Jier^- Ig^: ti»e seai,

swarmed arou]3^#0 galled part, and to^ttg dived
into the gaping wounds, without causing petceptible
annoyance to the became so engrossed in
sufiferer,
the removal of ticks and maggots with their crimson

bills, that several were made prisoner with the hand.
Bq^^b Wes as they arrived were depositeil
md. Moa^ WuMsin^ ^gsiii ^ted in tâl

dignity beneatli:^ ancient aygi^^^sia^ ^hich threw its
slender shade ovet' Jb^tea*&geneous pile, placing

Ayto Wolda Hdna upon his right hand, with the
aid of the royal scribes and their inkhorns com-
menced an inventory de novo. Vigorous attempts
to force open the cases were once more resisted,
witli complete success* ilaim^ ^p0§tala&>iis
tried m tmh % iim Monbm Wi4 iie
confusion, such as iS^'^ld ill be described, the inqui-

sitive functionaries were fain, as before, to content
themselves with a list of packages in the gross.
Rough conjectural estimates of the number of mus-
kets contained in each matted roll were however
clandestinely formed, by diiai of squeezing and pinch-
ing; an^ as
ibipigJi feara w*m eiD*^^

now, in Itfe i^mmimSj de&auded of por-
tion of the investment transported in safety thither
from a distant land.
Hajji Mohammad, a respectable old slave- dealer
in the suite idfl^fe Abogdz, Imi diln% tWt iiltiii^^
obligingly undeirtaJt^ toÔlfel^
methodio^f traclBg m ShM^miid^ fei? the edification

of his European audience, the position of the Hdwash
in its upper course. An insane old Hass6ba, long
resident at Fdrri, whose head laboured under the
effect of sundry wounds received in youth, had un-
fortunately become violently excited by too copious
men* To the anmyunce icl^ e^^tf he hM hmM

hmMtg vmimmi&^ ^
mmy hours, and he pi^*
sently staggered up to ascertain if Im COuld tb^row
light upon the subject under discussion.
What do you know about the Hdwash?" he
exclaimed, in a violent passion, as the name of
the lone river fell upon his ear — "Pray where
did you leam ^ Ae lttoo^ or
md Baiting the Aetioiri to
the Aroosi?*' ijfef wa?d^
Mb m^g^ mttl$i hm^f ^^ ike mmm th©
unoffending pilgilm im the shrine of the ^ti^hedj*
Nettled at this unprovoked assault, the venerable
man retorted with interest — blows pattered thick
and fast, a crowd collected, creeses were drawn, and
the friends of the respective parties felt themselves
bound to interfere. The belligerent Hajji was held
to piîrm -ecmia^ aKi fh^ Adiel
geographer, as he walked reluctantly away, under
a shower of stones, turning frequently to breathe
defiance to the object of his ire, repeated with a
does tlkat old d<tokey. tmw'^Tbîrt
mter&lî mmpliments from the Negoos, with a

hoi^ Mid a mul© from the royal stud, attired in
the peculiar trappings and colours which in Shoa
pertain solely to Majesty. The bridles and breast-
plates ghttered mth studs and bosses of pohshed
metal gay embroidery in coloured worsted covered
;
^mmi mad Btiî^%^jd m l^ho^vM

sMftSj who had throia^Sfci^ ft? busy scene to stare
at the white strangers, at ome bur&t into a loud
scream of acclamation. A group of hooded widows,
occupying an adjacent public asylum, thrust their
fingers into their ears, and joined in the clamour.
Escort and camel-drivers, now at their journey's
end, had placed no fedutoS^ W^mt hihsM^^ 43®*-
thifc Imd, 1b#n $jtHadsed was turtijed loos^ Bmmg
gleaming creeses ^
— and ham-stt*ung by a dexterous
blow, which threw it bellowing to the earth in^ê
height of its mad career. The rival clans of lean curs,
that are respectively quartered on the dung-heaps
of the twin hills, and suffer no intrusion into each
other's domains, rushed to the neutral ground, and
m WiWrCH AND WAltB.
forthwith commenced an indiscriminate engagemôS

over the garbage and whilst D^btera Tekla Zion,
;
still counting and recounting, amended his long
list with untiring perseverance, crowds of porters

and lounging visiters add^ tilt imim trf Ikeir
ym^' fee di% tmm% IsM^jmMe u;p3SP«ir
wKiiii; tJOntinued until cldst t^^j.
g6bba frontier are frequent, and not many weeks

had paS:S<^ Itway since six of the Isiog^B liege sub-
jects were murdered within the precincts of the
encamping ground. In defiance of tempestuous
weather, two European soldiers and an officer had
been on guard mthout shelter during every night
of ^h^ long and teîi^f md the sergeant of
1Am escort had m^ty hm^ i^mmMf:i0m0^ thw
sentries But ilre.^%o$^d i^Mhmr.x£ tlb^ Bsgg^ge,
:
added to the efil character borne by the spot, and

the experience already gained at Din6mali, still
precluded the discontinuance of watch and ward,

whereof all were heartily Aveary.
In the dead of night an alarm caused all to spring
from their couches on the hard ground, and to stand
prep^4 rîs^tion o£ Se,
horses wetf iqharging over the tent fjdê%

^ m^tW0
the real cause of the confusion disooyerfed for some
minutes. A thirsty dog, unacquainted with the
artifice resorted to by the fox that needed water,
had recklessly thrust his mangy head so deep into
mi Qfcrthen jar that he was unable to withdraw it,
jmi. mBidng he kmw wl^&^t':? '^^s giving vent
lii^tl^ Ms: strange prob<jB#fe M f#^M hollow
the breast of the superstitious, and did no^^^l to

elicit ceaseless howls from the ca,niiie ooonpanti of
the dunghill.
The delinquent was shot, and order being at
length restored, those who were entitled to slumber
again proceeded to avail themselves of the privilege.
J.fter pacijig hm Tb^ Mmm i^mm Imfm^. ite
at miite^bfe h#ti #^ m SM^'^ femtfeg

no fo the d^tJige, he approached the door
of the tent, and there, sad to relate, the first breach
of discipline was detected on the part of the guar-
dian of the camp, who, worn out by incessant
vigils, was on this, his last watch, lying fast asleep
upon his post, with a pistol in each hmil
340
Tradition asserts that prior to the invasion of

Graan, " the mighty Adel monarch," who overran
and dismembered once powerful Ethiopia, the
eastern limit of the empire was Jebel Aiiilloo^
^dimgh tm^0.^ mo p>tiim. #0
whether by S6,hela SeMssie, or by his ancestors.
The relatives of certain of those in authority

have been made prisoners by treachery, and as
hostages are held in close durance by the king, but
the boasted influence of the Abogdz is principally
supported by condliation, and by the annual pre-
sentatioi]^ of ôtM ^pm^ Ae- va^tmf dMefs
aaid eHer$ — a hmi^g tm iti ^bjept to
^tmrnv^^ tha to t)m ^^&mM
|j?v^îaili im the
Bahr Asskl, whereon Shoa and 'UMi are almost
entirely dependant for foreign war6^^ and for salt,
which the country does not produce.
The powerful independent chieftain of the prin-
cipal section of Gibddsa, who occupy the detached

m
ySi of E4sa^ across the R6bi river, northward of
I&tdm^Ti^ m mSB t>f those in liooatajm^ aUiance with
tlie li^pdsi feut his wiM: Mcssl^î m3m^^W^mi
pit^^^ iiatO^ upon the froiitiiip ^ Axg&Wm^
slaying Oteiltiailit Mohammadans of either sex,
without any compunction and the ppUpy of His
;
Majesty prohibiting retaliation, however aggravated

the outrage, Anbassa Ah, or " the Lion," who hke
Esau of old is said to be covered with hair from
tha crown of the head even unto the sole of the
fo^% 3i0t ieto&equently mkm lmM4 ^moi^^^min
From Hô, on the Gfastîto Hawash, to

-of the
Farri, the intervening tract, under the nominal
jurisdiction of Mohammad Abogdz, is in occupa-
tion of a mixed nomade population, not remark-
able for their honesty, and composed from numerous
SttMi^M^lfti^ c)f &e principally froifiL i%e
Burli^^ oiÂMB^ uiii^lfe Pliissaii^
elan of the tmgtmg SuMul xrf Tajiira ; and heing

in days of yore the most powerful and impm^m%
tribe in the nation, its name has been imparted
to the entire country, now corrupted into Adel.
In time of war with the adjacent Galla on the
south, or when called upon to repel the predatory
ia?&id<>m of tlie MtidWto, the tribes -wmtmmd of
^ B&w^glx a^^^soab^ Urn Tukhaael, 13xe JM-
hmh Demote, ^ l^mMih^t the
2 S
Wdem, mB.
342
the Hy Somauli, the extent of whose respective

territories has already been defined. These, with
the Abli or Dins^rra, under Mohammad Ali, sur-
MmB^L Siiti^sto, i^tm^^ wvd^ a»d li^^r-^^preait

to tMtitroiae xlf iSjidi:^'— &e Adat^te Hakut, a&3:
under Shehem Mulakoo — the Dondam^tta, the
Duttag6ora, and the Huss6ba, led respectively by
Ahmed K&,mil, Sheikh Deeni, and Deeni ibn Ibra-
him —collectively assume the title of D^benik-
W6ema, k being the Dankîli conjunction.
Adalo bin H4med, who leads a section of the
CSbddsa encamped at H&oM ada^ oii^îtm-
a% ixtiitm W%h D^jNtaik- W6ena^ iM fepa of m
ihdt n^^^ bat he i« held v&tict$% i^M^tep^ttîiil*
The fourth and last section of the Debeiî^ Under
the authority of Mahm6odi, has its tents at the
isolated volcanic mountain of Fant&^li, southward of
Din6mali, where reside also the united Adaiel clans
Uluaito, Muffa, and Eyrolasso, under the great
These tribes p)act3i|^^ wh^te mtmi ^ ^mtry

het^^sE Ab|^0îia MitM. Baheita, ttmi^
entrance to the Red Sea, the head-quarters of Roofa
Boorhan, sheikh of a subdivision of the Duttag6ora.
Thence they stretch along the coast to the south-
eastward, and from G6obut el Khardb, between the
parallels,bounded on the south by the Eesah and
other Somauli tribes, and flanked on the north by
MS
The Adaiel or Dandkil population, which, in-
ote6kig l3ife liia&ito, extends as far as Arkeeko,
îStl^S Ste^ Afer, and claims ify lm îfes^îdled
ipMdt AMb imkim^$^ wlic^^ iu the ie^t^th cenibury

otWt tMks&m tmmB mdtJ^^lmm^ to low
traet which forms % zone between the Abyssinian
Alps and the coast of the Jled Sea. To a certain
extent the northern tribes are subject to the Nayib
of whose authority is recognised in
Arkeeko,
much the same proportion as that of the feeble
Sultan of i?ajTira by the southern clans; but
although speaking th# language, they cm
^Kspeirs^, that for many days

tofeti^^^ tfo^
a trace of man is to be discovered over the joyless
deserts which form the lot of his inheritance,
scorched by an ardent sun, and alive only with
" moving pillars of sand."
From time immemorial every individual has been
mrn king. Eaolb mieeûding community h
tf^mWi hf fei^pnj&nî and iim free sgirif
<Sf flit & to Be i^mnA in tlie rSjîn^ :lito>rd,
«»^Sd Kfeo^l^ha^^'^^ universally prevails. Theirs is
" an iron sky^ Bind a soil of brass," where the dowle
drop little rain, and the earth yields no vegetation.
It is no " land of rivers of water," nor have the
lines fallen in pleasant places." The desert
stretches far on every .
side, strewed with black
;feOttM63PS o^ yg^t#d by a glowing
atmosplrei?0. In thi& ôunlry of pefftdy ^îfl fin-
t 4
344 MABttvM, zAmmm.
dictive ferocity, the proprietors of the barren land
murder every stranger who shall intrude ; and the
ccMdaimon benefits of water are an object of perpes^jml
mmiu t)f fill- wm^ thdtir m^ê

fmfm&ii^w are iîtr^y^d in 0^ d«rk and balefdl
eye, and the avenger of blood is cfesely dqgpng
the footsteps of one half the population.
As laziness is the chief source of African misery
at large, so is it with the Dandkil in particular.
They possess that ''conceit in their misery**
tftliâ*# |: :^^ ^cih i# the âr^^t^ttb ww^^
tmfaiown^ even in its rudest form. A pastoral,

itinerant, and belligerent people, divided into end-
less clans and ramifications, under divers inde-
pendent chieftains, their mode of living entitles
them to rank only one step in civilisation above
the positive saê mh^ depend jfer dkllf tttb-
îstence tipon the chase fend tiâ tfe^ ât^Weôti^
B05?iti t<) ito speary and bred in eternal strife wife

his predatory neighfeotirs, each lawless member
of the straggling community inherits the untame-
able spirit of the descendants of Ishmael; and it
is made subservient to all the worst vices and

passions inherent in the ,semi-barbarian. In his
very attittide midi bearing there is that which pro*-
0l$ims Mm in his own opitiioja Iôrd of tihe tTrnvî^ê^

MB
entitled to enjoy, with a thankless heart, all that
he is capable of enjoying. No fmmt ^^m^ W$
gratitude immiii^ n iimigkt tfeycmd
th#* pi'egiat i35MfflaîaLt;*. tl03ik& B^^Smxkij
he is toa liXifefetit and improvident during seasons
of plenty, to cotf^^rt the prodiiG0^f Ms flocks and
herds into a store against the coming day of drought
and famine. Gorged to repletion, the residue is
suffered to go to waste and so long as his belly is
;
full, his licentiousness gi*iitiied, and he hm leifiire
fe> lounge sXmmb, m li^î^t iitei^sisrjt tlif Da^tkir^ c£

Ms ha{>pidfiiss is Gbt^ph^ aiid tte mm- lax^f mm
and set without his troubling Ifefea^d Bi& i0 ijle
noLode in which the day has been pîtlied, Of how the
next meal is to be provided.
Many of the Adaiel are extensive owners of
camels, and deal largely in slaves a trade which —
yields three hundred per cmxL irith.^^ teast possible
rilsfe m ptmM^^ &e ime^lmîi ^hm mt upon
mêriî te#l^*t^?^^^ fead a life of indolence

and gross sensuality — #grtang^ sleeping, and in-
dulging in the baser passions, according to the bent

of their vicious inclinations. Their delight is to
be dirty and to be idle. They wear the same cloth
without ablution until it fairly drops fi*oin thebaî ;
mSi afeitîng hoiiegt teÔttf^. wîS$^Y agricultural
4Dt feftEfcdfemft, pass th$
m
in the sun, and arranging their curly locks with the
pm% viewer, they b0)r«4riialge in miiMified^
tobacco and ashes, which are so thi^fci^ ^wt3^

the mAm and ^
white teeth, t^ Mjgatt m
the unseemly appearance of a growing wen, and
if temporarily removed are invariably deposited
behind the left ear. No race of men in the
world stink more offensively; but whUst poUut-
iiig atatta^jph^^^^ wi^L tmM tdjow airdputî
jpac^glJatiesMi^^^ they iie?e* iôî^&Gto^ approa#
a CîlstiM with0ti$ iioMiag i^dt l mm m^
JiM^^&0t the Dandkil are to be found some of
Jh# laa^^t scowling, ill*favoured, and hideous-looking
savages in the universe, but the features of the
majority have an Arab cast which supports the
legend of their origin ; and notwithstanding the
influence exerted upon the lineaments by passions
BncOntroUedj tlt^ expiêôii of many is pleasing,
md actiirer, b# stogt^ and

and to an easy shufljtofif gait is added a S
addiction to standing cross-legged. Young as well
as old take infinite pains to disfigure the person,

and thus to render it ferocious in appearance. Scars
obtained in brawls and conflicts from stones and
cold steel arfe e^t^êd the highwt ornaments, mi
tia0 toâsi Bômmk um^f i^»ed with
yvodm^d hj ma:nfic$Aim with a sharp fmgmeftt

of obsidian, so as to resemble the plan of a fortified
-torn of days gone by.
Tlie upper lip is dmu^lei tim 0^m^f
scanty hem$ saflGimi to l^miA^ Jai wis %lo®g.
iSfceeks and mm^ the chin j 1rhl|&t tife:
coarse and longy ^tutîfed mtb grease and mutton

fat from infancy, and exposed during life to the
fiercest sun, becomes crisped into a thick curly
mop, like a counsellor's wig, which is shaved be-
hind on a line between the ears, and constitutes
tilt ir^t great pM^ the propiietofc Tlt#-pitMi^
it out iiife^ diij^ ^Îtetic^l fpt&i i^fhf&m^t
during Ms amplje leisure, and tW mni$psîim
its wild perfection is the predoiiainitjrt' object wheft
the mirror is placed within his grasp. Baldness
commences at an early age, and many of the
ancient dandies seek protection from the solar influ-
ence under sheep-skin perukes of preposterous size,
thm ai*îi^ cc^ton^ iMk tto^

aurls, in iiiitfe.|i;r©
natuif^lt dSsf1^5?ing m
OBitoi^ted wioddei3; ^piie
or bodM% wMijii server as a comb, m ^0^0^
fancifullj" W^Bd and pwmded with two gt mm
three prongs.
^
The operation of greasing this wig without
the aid of the barber is original. A lump of
raw fat, cut from the overgrown tail of the
BarlSe^ sheep, having beem Bmm thm mteti^^ldl
^d nsitiiililed, is expelled .i#4the liandsj betwixt
th^ âhkt <3i which it i^ i*^ducjed b^y mbbiijg f^ a
to <2!i*own. Exjpoûre to the fierce rays of $, tto-

m
picalsun soon conveys the desired nourishment to
the roots of the hair. A
number of jets and bril-
Med Mf BhM&B^ mA %0 %tdi fallow, alli-

terated with dirt, trickling in ateStfts^ aiowii the
swarthy visage and over the neoik, ii3s:hafeB the most
sickening of odours. All, however, cannot afford
this luxury of the toilet, nor is it every one who
can resist the temptation of swallowing the damty
morsel when once consigned to the mouth; and
hmm it ^€31 many a poll of snn-Tburat Iiair, m
mbêh hrcwaii whieh: is qwdntly d^nomlnat^ ^ * the
Pope's head."
The simple costume of the Bedouin consists of a
piece of checked cloth wrapped loosely about the
loins, and descending to the knees so as to resemble
a kilt or short petticoat ; whilst a cotton robe is
thrown over the shoulder manner of the

after the
Bp»3IBx toga. Miserlj i% M^p(>m1io% few out-

mmi j&3fnatn^tg gm(3e Ms^ perign^ save m ocea*
ÔTral ^ce^tlace of fat, jaj3L ^ few a^raî
lets (Composed of potent from the Kordn
either stitched in leather, or enveloped in coloured
thread. A thong adorned with a metal button
girds to the right hip of old and young a creese two
feet in length, the wooden hilt of which is decorated
îh ja ^pewt^r atid^ wMbt the scabbard i^^ Mtm
menteA yMh ada mmm^tic sprig, Employed aîa^
tooth-brushy and masti^ted for honrs togetJiei**
349
Three inches broad in the blade, and possessing

^ truly murdeircsfiat eirijok iu i^M <jentre, th^ ereese
It teî^ ^ ttitssfc fe^di^Bte 'm$>pon at close
âtife^ it the ^h^îige j
ivith ithe slaya tire sWiml, mi ft^s the ciia?Gê.

It;Js^Ms sword in battle, his knife at the tablil^ Mfe-
razor at the toilet, his hatchet, and his nail-parer.
A savage desirous of illustrating the most approved
exercise, after whetting the blade upon a stone,
capers about describing a series of flourishes and
cuts, both under and OT^r tha shield, stabbing and
piirrying to the right aixd to &e JfeJl^jffiiiiat length
mim% the 1^ g^tt4. toMfe ^ 4i^^1j(;>^0liito
when a ripping motion m MiMB^m'^ %^ a-l^Dnad
mi^ the air, and a howl of p^c?%t satisfaction such
as might be conjectured to issue from the jaws of
the glutted vampire.
The spear, which is seldom out of the hand of
the Dandkil, is some sevi^p. feet in length, a shaft
# tough dose-gvem^'W^f^^^^^Si adepto,'' being

heavily po&i^ imt^ # th^ "butt, and topped
hj a hhM^ ff^m ten to fifteen, m^m^ J^03%^ by three
fejTâd^ ygfe^ to as an ^gê as constant
scouring with sand and grease can impart. Great
aversion is entertained to this weapon being stepped
over, and its fall to the ground, independently of
the damage that might be sustained, is regarded as
an evil omen, and bi^lfe3 tflt 3es*r£^ it^ power
<#er tfofe feih mi3LW0(i M m ^m^^ tk^j^mt
ot a chief only h naonnteA mtlt baad^^ of hmm
VINDIdTlTE NATUB^J*
and copper wire, but the points of all are graced

alike with a lump of Although
sheep's-tail fat.
sometimes employed a^'^.mssive, the pike exercise

is- tiK^te %miSlf^^^^î^ # — #e wa^ti^^^
denly with a yell and a cat-like botod to i^kmlm
the body of Im foe. " None but a woman would
retain the spear in the hour of battle," quoth one

of the braves — " the creese is the hand to hand
weapon !
The shield, fashioned out of the stiff hide of the

Bfe2% ike i#d btiipp^ ii p^rfeet U'^^h^ of
^dipa tm to tec Mmt0f,0i mtk th^ ito
turned emtwa-i^^, mH %M mUi^^ emt §m
purpose of checldiig flight or launch ot the
missive. A button or boss which forms the apex
is usually adorned with some proud trophy of the
chase, in addition to the red beard of a he-goat,
undeviatingly attached as a charm. A small bag,
slung in the interior of the buckler, contains the
pO:rifejSM« w^Bh 0^ the proprietor, andi^ stlek
h ^toimed to fteJteiti: stâp^ tcmitaS
1^ a ti?iee. l|ie^wani<>r fceeps shield
ili Ki continual 3P^V<ilvilig motion, in strict accord-
ance with the movement of the eyes, which in
fierce and violent frenzy are rolled in the sockets
during the continuance of the conflict.
Cruel, blood-thirsty, and vindictive, the Dandkil

do not possess that spirit of individual enterprise
or chivalry, or &mk rôkl^S disregard of persmal

mMt m mom, 351
danger which, ta miAmx races of men, imparts the

ftpaf Jdf jMltaa:^ haHts^^ l?t:iia »e»^ of jSi5âa?cdty
more&ôured lita& th^^^^ to iwastoijîmâei%,

and pillage. A fiendish whoop is the signal for the
gathering of the daHj audi obedient to the call,
each man at arms, grasping spear and shield, aban-
dons his wretched wigwam with truly savage
alacrity. His fierce and untamed passions now riot
uncontrolled, and those who during the foray are
guilty of ^B^^ Jôrmities, strut #aut m
each to ^poi^ wild tune, the tale of his Tbloody ex-

ploits.
Morose, and possessing little perception of the

ridiculous, witticisms and hilarity in conversation
are restricted to the ribald jest; but brawls are
frequent, aBl ^ }mmm k often chetii^^ hf
breathii]îii every Ixae sdf-tixffi<lfEtqy and defiance

to the foe. A£^?0m%^nied by mmg^ gmimm mi
contortions — now menacing, now mincing, and
now furious — these strains are chanted during
the livelong night with clear and energetic throats,

chiefly with the design of intimidating, by the
noisy olaîoiir, any hostile party thai be lurt-
ing ia the ^îiiitf iCif mcainpiiMit, fet^nt îthêr
trpon iki$ T0ijÂk^<>^ Ame, or the acjquisjtioii
of &ine hf aggressions xmproTokedv

S5 2 mmTm -^mmmmci^n
Superstitious to the last degree, the itinerant

Bedotiiii l^kes the fieM aTl^yed in a panoply of
mmM^. design^ m ^ d^mm^gBiaî wî^liimM^
mat$ M lMthmwn ^wiiae^ latemy in the hont
of battle. A verse from the Kordn, s&wH Ul* m
l^^ther, and hung about the neck, secures him
against all incorporeal enemies. No whirlwind
ever sweeps across the path without being pursued
by a dozen savages with drawn creeses, who stab
into the centre of the dusty column in order to drive
^wa.y m^ ^^fftat that is Mi^Ted to be tiding on
with the rotatory motion of a ball ; and Ibrahim

Shehem most unblushing liar,
Abli, a and no less
notable a necromancer than warrior, confidently as-
serted his individual ability to raise seven hundred

of these demons for evil, during any moonlight
MigM of the eiatire year,
tribe mosque aftd tihe tmrn^^tm hm^ im i^teee-
mt^f i ^^t tmlike the people of Tajiir% there m

here Jiltle external display of I^lamism observable,
save in the bigoted detestation evinced towards
those of every other than the Mohammadan creed.
But although prostrations are wanting, and rosaries
are untold, the vagrants still preserve their knavish
reputations unblemished. The white feather, which
te Butape k #a woMeSm: mwrnMce^ is appro-
BESHCABLE OHABACTEB. 353
priately placed in the head of these midnight

a.ii»iiin% mnA the ttei^lKmring tribes hofe imt il-
portrayed the national charac^ter in At t^€r&n,
that ^^the tongues of the Adalid aiê long for the
e^îs purpose of lying, that their ami are long
but to admit of their pilfering the property of
others,and that their legs are long in order that
they may run away like poltroons in the day of
danger and retribution.
AA
mi
CHAP.
THE GENTLE ADAIEL, AND FABEWELL TO THEM.
Drop ^ teafj mi Hd aMm'^
'To be the mla df Bîêr, in whuimm^^

3?o$iSj i# fe> 1^ mm^ M fuH^ i^,cc0p*gi^c>B the'
irO:Â. &t1^ tlietwo extremes, many, if the choiee
were given, would doubtless prefer the drudgery
that falls to the lot of the partner of the untaught
savage, with all the manifold discomforts attending
precarious subsistence, to the immolation and se-
clusion, which in civilised Mohammadan countries,
m fmi mtk hm lord in tl^ jomêm^ <C

— taught t0 no parM^p^fcia M ik% Imp-
piness of that which come — she
is a prisoner
to is
kept minister
to the toof the and the
lusts flesh ;
higher the of
state — the more exalted
cultivation
the rank of the — much the more rigorous
captive so
isthe imposed.
restraint
% European acceptation of the term, small
iiia
tmees mm km # "bt foiJtiS af Bmimm$ of

TBI iîB.
love; mi jealousy, whm if does 6xist, would seldom

.tourist fern any regard fo^ t&e that
Im^ ife^gatecL fetliwf. IHie Baîtkl^ Umale lias
so long as the wife performs the hhout t^^pi&Si at

her hands, she is at full liberty to flirt unreproved,
to the full extent of her coquettish inclinations.
Upon Baileela devolves the task of leading the
foremost camel, or carrying the heavy burthen
slung by a sharp rope which passes across heT
breiî She feileto "mim, wood, prepares- th^
milk, and boik tte t^^. She it is mhb ^0KVes
mats of the date leaf for the use of her listless and
indolent lord ; tends his flocks jof sheep^ '^nd goats,
dismantles and erects his wigwam when migrations
are undertaken to distant pools and pastures and, ;
seated at his feet, chases away the flies which dis-

turb his repose beneath, shgi4e <£ the palm.
Here^ h^WB^î th"^ mj0Û is monopoliset fej Itt
iStStfHug ^ 'Wm leathern petticoat for his hard-

wwfed who, conscious of the fleeting
partner,
nature of her charms, makes the utmost of hev
short lease; and in the nature of her occupation
finds ample opportunities for indulgence.
The features of the Bed^to damsel, tlthwgh
mwBmUf f^W^^ f]ti€ :^mmunity fegi^ &at

at:
one inoald would ^gp^ to have been et34;|^byed

for every individual composing it. Nature being
suffered to model her daughters accordilig lifer
tite <ioQ3is&dcB frûi?e t£^mf fhfe

chest, and umdai'tiie fiery heat of her native sands,
the nymph is presently transformed into the decrepit
hag, with bent back and waddling gait. A short
apron of bullock's hide, with frilled edges, is tied
above the hips with a broad band, the sport of

every wanton wliirlwind ; but from the waist up-
tiiie iv5hSfefe that of the

unattired ; but the hair of all is arranged in aa
infinity of elaborate plaits falling to the shotdderi^,
and liberally greased. So are also sundry narrow
bands of raw hide, which are usually tied above
the ankles by way of charms to strengthen the legs,
and which, contracting as they dry, sink deep
below #0 mt^fese of tlr^ |»l WMîde^
A p^^f w^g^ î^^^g to giw mt oC the
tattao$4 i?6He^. iîtobling tambour work, and di-
Vei'ging acro^ iJie ribs, finishes in fancy circles

around the bosom according to the taste of the
designer. This is a constant quantity, and the
charms of many a belle are further heightened by
§îifioffction.— an angle to break the evenness of the
im^tfe fb?lbi^^ ^r the ^te ofa tîiSsl^ improve the

PORTABLE HABITAÎOm 357
dimple on the cheek, being favourite devices. From

the i^ôf aiEwho can afibrd personal ornament, de-
pend imif drops wrought iji ^l^ hpmn Mte
s^ltdlf ijesî^ m ctxrved imn
awd hm^
&0j^mî^hf iyÔf bMiSi horizontal bands of pewtem
Wheal the wearer is in activit^j^the flapping of these
cumbrous metallic appendages is ridiculous enough,
and the rattle may be heard to a considerable
come into violent colUsion with a
distance as they
necklace composed of a medley of beads, bones,
<2<Jiriy #[ells, jingles, ttaml^,, strung in many
Tcmrf^ vtpou: Sk I^^lferii mM^t -^]badded m diifi
gtemi^f tmiasiiii^g m m large rhomb of

jfewter. BiJacelets and mW&im- ^ the same metal
a^re usual, and the ornal3iigiit of a squalling brat
with inflamed weasel-hke eyes slung over the back,
is rarely wanting to complete the figure a jerk to —
the right or to the left bringing it readily across
the shoulder when occasion demands.

TljeBedwin wigwam^-a-iâoitogle of eight f^Bt
in letigth by $m ^mÂ 4nd ftv^ higb.î$
structed 0t a âêMlon of branches in couples,
curved before the fire, ^d lashed in the form of a
lip-arch. A mat composed of date leaves forms
the roof; and the whole fabric, wherein the hand

of no master builder is visible, is thus readily trans-
ferred from place to place.
" Omnia raea meciim ferb**
should form the motto of the wandering Dankdli,

L Jc t
UB
whose only furniture consists of a tressel hollowed
at the top to serve as a pillow *^ * luxury T.e-
striiêd t<> tbe imiM mu, Ib^ ifeit jtois ôf ifee mom
wmitkff wôdm flsîmB mdi hMm mmB^m
form part of ilm %<m^hM g^,. together with
closely-WOi?reii 13^^ to contain milk; but
this beverage is more usually consigned to a bag of
sheep or goat skin — sun-dried flesh, grease, grain,
and water, being lodged also in similar receptacles.

Milk forms the principal diet of this Arcadian
race; and they detSi^ #0 flrsro^ in citi0tlbf
ing MfdS; oc fowls, decladng iM% tib fmh tm^
!haw1i5^$T^fled uj>ott fl^rimg Ufe: to ^
all palatable. An ancient camel, a buck goat, or a
bull calf, is occasionally slaughtered with a Bis-
millah^ and the flesh not immediately consumed
cut into long thin coUops, and dried in the sun to
be stuflfed again into the skin for future use. Meat
is broiled among the embers upon closely-packed
the Ihe mî^rî ^Wlwwysi, t^M%"Ms^

jsf^ îitod beside It
i3j>€Si €be^ ksn^ id i^m Kver,
Jjlaces wedge-shaped stone under either heel, in
ordei^ to telpart a slight inclination to the body, and
thus preserve the balance without personal exertion.
Picking the bones one by one out of the fire, he
seizes alternate mouthfuls of the grilled and the
raw flesh between the teeth^ and with an upward
mtioB of t% ^î?feê, jSiirilefB <hem close to \a%
ABIIOERENCE QJ? TÛTH. 359
wil 0m îitJit Blthxm!^ tie daing m

prove to Ms obvious advantage. He Bot only a
liar by the force of rooted habit and example, but
also upon principle, and his oaths are simple mat-
ters of form. The name of God is invoked, and
the Kordn taken to witness, in falsehoods the most
palpable; and to have sworn mth the last solemiiity'
i$ far fitJxtt %p.ng regar^yi m
j0f ^ Maying%M
obMgl#oja. JL Um^. ^Tiiag h$m tipqja 'tie^
repeated: "May this body become petrified, and

may Allah thus extinguish me if I utter that which
is not true
In conversation a portion of every sentence is
invariably taken up by the person addressed — the

last word being generally considered suflBicient, or
$MUt$ beyond identity of language, is a cold for-

bidding touch of the fingers, fully indicative of the
unfriendly sentiments of the heart. All prey upon
each other, and every individual in whatever rank
is by nature, as well as by habit and inclination,
an assassin. None will hesitate to mutil$*e ^

b^baroudy ptffc mm^T of eii^tte
tyfecm ^B-may either B}mp^
'fitig or ?6t^ a dSifeince from succour — the appetite
for plunder, and the thirst for blood, inherej^t/W
the breast, beipg quite sufficient to dictate eveiry

AA 4
360 A isijkTtm OF MsmBim*
mt of alrocity, aiji M impel every dasiî^dlf Wt*^
J)wîl&g a scene of aridity, hostility, and

itt
Ijloodslied, traversed by barren j^haim bewaring the
impress of volcanic desolation, and cursed with a

soil rarely susceptible of cultivation, but still more
rarely cultivated, the hand of the roving Bedouin

is against every man, and every man^s hand ib
against Wm. Him UCtttli^ 0f Bcsdptttjml prophecy
xespecting the wMm^^ ^^smxSm^B^ i£ l^1m0%
hem as ^feewTbt^ it ixmnimmi $ nor i^m^ tbe
words of the poet more truly exeiiiplifieS
îr^ga? thaii
in the ho^ weaiy mmt^ of the Adaiel-^

" Nothing save rapine, indolence, and guile,
And woes on woes, a 9till revolving train,
Whoijse lioVriî iMS^ hm mii^ HihiM life
Tkm mpxi-existence worn."
whose ev6i^ wifd is a lie, and whose

dissemblers,
overbearing and unaccommodating disposition,
grafted upon bigoted intolerance, was displayed
on every occasion to the personal discomfort of
those by whom they were paid and entertained —
there was never thtougbottfe the long, tedious, and
trying journey, either on the part of eHers, escort,
to h^>ii;o]«: or ^Jige j mA it mm. xtofy m 0^dm$

when firf-strijQi^, wMelt ^^^/^ gaiiway^
might prove of eerviee to theinselves, that the
361
who w^re mteiêd %t erm in mm^m^m.

JKÎte^
Am^ these, too,
the use of bread, who
mmm * Mm^y
rarel^" ^^ra^feyed
-hmw
water for
the ablution of thei'r filthy persons, and who kept
their heads and bodies floating in a perpetual sea
of sheep's tail fat. On taking leave of the tor-
menting fraternity at this the happy termination
of ^ wearjr attd p#t&Ws pilgrimage, wbMi laid
perfoTOêd witkomt omf laMrtg off tlm -î^m^ it
itt^y s^M^ W itvê^t m<;)ria^Qtbei* of ^n^BjMyfe
hM ever passed so long a period with so
l^gfe jarty, without desking to make further ac-
quaintance with at least one individual : but the last
touch of the cold palm was for once received with

heartfelt satisfaction, and each bade adieu to the
whole community with fan Iftfrai^ hope that it
migilt hfe lot to i^^ tMr scaling

fecai nm0*
Having thus happily shaken the Adel dust from
off the feet,and taken affectionate leave of the
greasy Dandkil, it h not a little pleasant to Md
adieu al$0 to i^î^: n^îMng plaiis^s d£ uSil4^f3#3
slf^lily* Ere^ry dian^ |a #a soE mii ftlSimtE of
Africa is in barrenmss and un-
extrenaes, aftid
bounded fertihty border on each other with a sud-

denness whereof the denizens of temperate climes
can form no conception. As if by the touch of the
magician's wand, the scene now passes in an instant
from parched and arid wastes to the green and
Ipv'ely hightoig of A%^JWiia, presenting oiieÊfe^t
of jiek H^^mM^ istMir^^mh B^h le^fe ImmU
is crowBted with iU pea^M ItamM* mwl.
vale traversed by its crystal brook, and teeming with
herds and flocks. The cool mountain zephyr is re-
dolent of eglantine and jasmine, and the soft green
turf, spangled mth clover, daisies, and buttercups,
yields at every step the aromatic fragrance of the
mmi and thynag^
^The baggage li^vlag ^ laSgil fea^ Consigned to
tike sho^dtyii^ of ^ handled gintaJ^ng Moifefe
863
mmPiSSk^
by the royal
porters, SSigciplied
m^wH^mm
tbm ^ idd^^-
on Ike ;i?0ad^,foê^ %
1^ wfi3^ €S3iti^M upwards toUe,. the %
bassy, on the morning of the 17th, commêii Îtfe
ascent of the Abyssinian Alps. Hitherto every
had exerted himself
officious attendant functionary
to the utmost to promote delay, confusion, and

annoyance and each now exhorted the respective
;
merob^ of the party to urge their jaded beasts to

ii3fe:^6iiidl speed, ant h^^^n otoei^^ds mm A rugged
wMch^ m lite tîl-wiM* câdiito of tfee
difficulty. The king was waxing impatient to be-

hold the delighting things that had, been ijwported,
an account of which, so far as the prying eyes of
his servants had been able to discern, had been
duly transmitted to the palace ; and in order to
oeleferate arrivail of so ff:m% m^mu of
^ê^lt\ Hit Majesty's flutes 0ii<5e m0t4^m0. <mt
tMt mdtoijt^ m&' Kit l^^li^ agaM tittt*^ their
toH m>im among the hiUs, until far oiii o£ jbLeaaSiig'
of tke astjC«aished population of JFî^
It was a and a fresh
cool and lovely morning,
invigorating breeze played over the mountain side,
on which, though less than ten degrees removed
from the equator, flourished the vegetation of
iiig êê^feeiicmî!^^^<^ % frîpJtou^ ^^^wm

d^p^ng into i0be hmti of some verdant hollow,
M4 msi^'s mmm^.
whence, after traversing the pebbly course of a
murmuring brook, it suddenly emerged into a
succession of shady lanes, bounded by flowering
0^ mm^ fiepi, t!b# lapfea»% m€

CT:tltivated terraces, into ^lbi(^ the entire raiige
was broken by banks supporting the soil ; and on
every eminence stood a cluster of conically- thatched
houses, environed by green hedges, and partially
embowered amid dark trees. As the troop passed
on, the peasant abandoned Ms occupatioti in Ife
fi#l ti:> pê whil^ imrr^
gitmx^^ ii hmi^ 'women, i&e<iiied in sci^ltt md
crimson, summoned by the renewal of martial
strains, left their avocations in the hut to welcome
the king's guests with a shrill ziroleet^ which rang

from every hamlet. The leather petticoat of the
wandering shepherdess was no longer to be seen.
Birds warbled among the leafy groves, a^dthrough-
<5ut the n<h. tondscape reigned an id pea0eîad
plenty iia* ^JtijQ* Ml tp^ prove liigMjr 4iil%litfel
after the recent weary pilgrimage across the hot
desert.
At various turns of the road the prospect was
rugged, wild, and beautiful. Aigibbi, the first
Christian village of EfAt, was soon revealed on the

summit of a height, where, within an enclosure of
thorns, rest tliie remains of a traveller, who not
)m% h^<m had t^^>se^ hfe m ikk i^k^^M
365
^0 Mngdom, iêMiii % ife pîlmlS^l akjf of
lets wMcli S!a*e all tributary to the Hdwash, althougli

the waters are for the most part absorbed before
they reach that stream. Lastly, the view opened
upon the wooded site of Ank6ber, occupying a
central position in a horse-shoe crescent of moun-
tains, still high above, which enclose a magnificent
amj^Mttertiê df im -i3^t^t m dSmmim^ This Is
elotii^ft &^«»t^hiSM* "^th a splendidly t^î^leA aad
irtgiî^TO mg^kSmif and choked fef ti^m
naents, converging towards its gorge on the coaafiues
of the Adel plains.

Here the journey was for the present to termi-
nate, and, thanks to Abyssinian jealousy and sus-
picion, many days were yet to elapse ere the
remaining height shotili bt cjînfeiel to ^
of Sho%nc)r?r^dfeC0^
sand f00t ^0?^ t%je;}@Y^l c^^^ tom^m"
Wm <d Ali^J i^m^
A33£b% Uptt ^ scarped ttoe
pvcm^ iKmied by the confluence of two mountain

streams. A Mohammadan population, not exceed-
ing one thousand souls, the inmates of two hundred
and fifty stragghng houses, is chiefly composed of
Adaiel, Arg6bba, and merchants from Ausga
Hurrur and m%<m§ tfe motley oonimnnity
;
it W
ot#teed ilmt &m 'M^^^lmm^ ^^^M tMt
Ascending ^ stcaiy path to an typm spot,

on which the weekly market is held, the escort
fired a desultory salute and whilst crowds of both
;
mx^B flocked t0 h^MA ik^wiM^ ttrangers, form-

ing ^ i<k fm&>mmm
.o{ibB i9:^ 'Smc^^ Eelieê^ <m0^S^M^^ fey mtm
of the younger Tfei^^- wte lm€ .âaêd distinctions
during the last campgi|gBj aîrîfeân capered before
the ranks with a drawn sword grasped between his
teeth ; and for the edification of the bystanders the
notes of a martial song were powerfully poured
fortli in chorus from three hundred Christian
The cone octnjêd % JJfo ^ji^ i$ oni^ ê ttf

entire mountain side is broken on its junction with
the plain. Swollen and foaming, the intersecting
torrents appeared from the pinnacle like small
threads of silver, twining and gliding far below
amid green bushes and verdant fields to the great
outlet, whence they escape to be soon lost on the
ieiîîa^.- Together mtlt a lîcdless prospaet
m&t^ t&e ifllrc^jdtabjte i^mt ben#a#^ eoiaiciesiir^-
lages liow tl^^ uptjn miivj^:MUtwmhi§
mountain side, and wherever the slope admitted of
the plough being held, there cultivation flcmrished.
Wheat, barley, Indian corn, beans, peas, cotton,
and oil plant, throve luxuriantly around every
hamlet — the regularly marked fields mounting in
terraces to the height of three or four thousand
feet, mi Immmmg in theiir Jjotixtdaries gradually
THE STATB m
Ike BMi^my gtmioi: siife of Mmm% " ffa^ tolier
of Grace."
This towering peak, still shrouded in clouds when
allwas sunshine below, is clothed with a dense forest
of timber, and at an elevation of some thirteen
thousand feet above the sea, affords secure shelter
to the treasures of the monarch, which have been
atoes^g $incse th^ irehêâfeEipto
tm limacbed and ^raws mmm iLoga fonns the

apex oftteî^j^dlfeîdi fitf t^^^ peaôh^
on its Wipojiied summit is a monastery formitig
tlm temporary abode of Hailoo Mulakoot, heir-ap-
parent to the throne of Shoa. But by far the most
interesting feature in the stern landscape is a
conical hill, conspicuous from its isolated position,
aiid rising amid dark gi^m of pin«-like juniper,
steprgWji ^pdf^dbo^ the iê^Meniee of Wtdi^^

jiSAârill^^ constructed over the state dungeon
keep, Sft 'Wbkixj loaded with galhng fetters, the
three younger brothers of a Christian king —
victims to a barbarous statute — have found a
Uving tomb since the present accession, a period of
thirty years
After mmh im^^ MUntim m *ht mmk^-
place, exposei^ |#" #te impartiaefflfc oojte^ts and
Tmd^ ptm ^
ih^t^^ populace, Ajto Eflajna
Work, a tall raw-boned mm With a loose scambling
gait and a dead yellow eye, introduced himself
368
as governor of the town. He condescended in

person to conduct the British guests af JiisuroyiJ.
ta ^ mm^m whl^ iafl once test^^ ^

^ Bmir lras no^m tit© Qeet^#i<m
of dlE^ Mo^feito iimie mi, hm ^weB daughters^
j?0igpective appellatives being duly translated,
proved worthy the days of Prince Cherry and
Fairstar. Eve, Sweet-limes, and Sunbeam, all
clothed alike in scarlet habiliments, vacated the

premises with the utmost alacrity, and many good-
hwiOJM^Bi smiles ; but owing to the length and
4i||pp|^ Cif 'te of iflife baggage
mmi fe m^. arrive mM i^^lght
wken, tlroi^. lik^ .OjBldioTis^ iliteJi^Pio^ of i^yito
"Wolda Hana, whose garrulity had increased rather
than abated, a new inventory of effects in charge of
each principal of a village was to be penned by the
royal scribe, and thus neither bedding nor food
could be obtained.
Th© Bdifiee m ostentatiously allotted for the ac-
jt30mmQtei(>B ^ lSt^ party by him ^ tfe tmjÔ*^
surrounded on every side by those tall yank weeds

that delight to luxuriate in filth. Two undressed
stakes supported a tottering grass thatch. Windows
there were none. A long narrow aperture did duty
for a door, and the walls, which met the roof at a
distance of ten feet from the ground, were of the
vêry -mm% dtm^d^m with md 3ab — tte
former an assemblage of rotten reeds, and the latter
•feayed by time in a efficiency of placed to aîmS
%e light indispensablgrfc^ aftt31 di^^fepeia^ni.Of tiii
lia the principal of tWO ^partmexx*!^ % d^Mlm

emB^0m m floot îirSfotlndedby a paraph of
clay, served as a stove. Heavy slabs of stone em^
bedded in high mud pedestals, and used for grind-
ing grain, engrossed one corner, and in another
were piled heaps of old bullock hides in various
stages of decomposition. Very buggy -looking bed-
Steads, equipped mih a "w^b #
nAtvmr ihmgB ili
Ilea oP eottott tte ^ of 4:isex^mi>tt
l^Mcli a tefe^ ilii^&^^ted leg is so prone to
impart. The narrow pî^l^s. ^
divers earthen urn-
shaped vessels containing mead, beer, and Avater,
were stuffed with bunches of green leaves. Larger
mud receptacles were filled with wheat, barley, and
beans and huge lumps of raw
; beef, witb sundry
bullocks' he^^% ^^^^ $ty0^d
iv^^t*^ f
about, garnîi ^Mm^ mM thfe mlls^

in -evtry dire&€^.
The inner chamber boasted the presence of mules
and female slaves, who, if judgment might be
formed from the evil odours exhaled, were reveUing
in the garbage of the shambles. Constructed on
the slope of a hill, the floor of the edifice through-
out was of the 3aatu^#l-^tlrv dipping at fegfc^
one foot beld^ itfe M^ltî fct^^^^

kTOwn iM pmMnm of #e housemaid's besom.
sro
Equalling the filthiest Irish hovel in dirt and dis-
comfort, the cheerless abode could boast of no

4^ little pig, and 6i tto pmi mitmi '^hM
4tldb5 both being alike ItfeW. TO #iL<>3^^
Jêw/*0|it$SlwalS tjf SItodiai ^ b^t
whistled tte l^m cuttingof AJjiSne climes.

blactt
Fatigue soon closed the weary eyes; but the

change in the atmosphere, consequent upon the
great elevation attained, presently interfered with
repose upon the damp bare floor. Rain then set in
with extremg^ Tbe mt&3^ #93tie tttmbliipg
through Ihe laâo^li ;^@tti»e$ itt tM ^tsi^zj waJte
and $ha*toT^ ma% m^M^g ^p^BdSL^ ftooded tlie
stoping court, poured over the threshold to deluge
the floor with standing pools. Although the
smoke of sodden wood, unable to escape, proved an
inconvenience scarcely to be borne, there was no
dispensing with a fire; and troops of fleas and
sanguinary bugs, coursing over the body, by their
painful and poito^tt¥ might almost have
attacks,
ommA ^ %h the Bm(^%^ plaim of the
i^^Nl^ which, #^h sMMr iigciod*!^^ M iit^pA
ym^ at least foee ftcm the mx^m of
vermin.
But the lingering day dawned at last, and with
the tedious hours of a cold and sleepless night the
rain had also disappeared. As the rising sun shone
against the lofty and now cloudless peaks, pre-
parations were made for coutiuuing the journey to
-AttMber, ia m0(Mk^^ îlb ihe royal mvitjî>ji;
bti^fe Aft0 Mmn'^ whom fn^mmm mm^ lk^-
l^mmk ^dliflg tltTOigli the eomplixaerits
of i}m movmng^ "pm^S:^ mi% rmkmM3^g §mitf
to unfold the dismal tidings that the monarch had
altered his resolves. His Majesty would tarry yet
some days longer at Debra Berhan, and in con-
sequence graciously extended the option of visiting
the court there or resting at Alio Amba, pending
his? jBieftiite.,^^ capital,
tM' M% ^ mj the iiiipoH^]^%i M

^^g^^tm^n^ msLm of fcagjg^ to m g^mt a
means at command, rendered imperative the adop-

tion of the latter alternative. Aytos Wolda Hana
and Katama, with the whole of the escort, mean-
while took their departure, to report orally the
important discoveries they had been able to make
i?^#m .ta 4lf# iiattj(pe€€ the |ra?]BS0nts designed
tho throix% tog^her mth iSa^ pm^tpt^m-
tj^m^^ Tbjtwb* IzMk mi M^Mmmi A3ly mdi
the respective pretension of the rivals to the
honour of having coxiducted the British visiters
into Abyssinia.
One of those mysterious boxes, the lading of
which, unviolated by the scrutinising scribes, re-
mained hermetically Bfealei him iit($u4sr^vB
gaze of offiâtif spiesi had.^ W^Jiê 'Mmmg T'dm;

been brol5;e:i^ jQ|rea with the djeîgii tJbt^la|ag
access to an iiidi^fjE^»ble - pt^^ of the cojx-

37i
tents. To this unfortunate necessity may possibly
he ascribed tbe aTidim#mti"-mi5o#tei-fw ^^Mtim

m the :yoyml. mtîi^s^ 'Im "Bm ^ ^ .gdd
wtS^fifêiiM to Urn .astoittdM. Mgll the- leathea.
bliotets, linch-stefa| and tough ash staves pertain-
ing to the galloper guns* Words of derision burst
from the mouth of every disappointed spectator.
" These," exclaimed fifty vain-glorious lips at once,
be but a poor people. What is their nation when
compared with the Amhdra for behold in this
;
t3â#li, ^rfmtEt #f tshe offerings brought from their

boasted tend to tte footstool of €xe ra%Miest of
*
momtdhsl
^73
CHAP, XLL
Slowly passed the days of and the nights of

fog,
dire discomfort, during the tedious detention which

followed this unfortunate discovery. From the ter-
race commanding BdiiisMi^Mît df^^t^
each |3a0iliing be perceived sparkhng with increased

lustre, as their fast-filling basins glittered like
sheets of burnished silver under the rays of the
rising sun. The industrious fleas continued their
nocturnal persecutions, as if never to be sated
isifeh European Wwd | and a constiait gTEUêiôti ^$
^loti4% âseîdM lice. ^^0^ drawing ^ ,|i?56j

mt^ma befeir© tte Jkoâff of Ifftmratj
OTiid prolonged plafe of i%m.d.^Tf the
commencement of the rainy season.
But each succeeding night and day brought no
nearer prospect of release, and the change in the
imperial resolves were scarcely less frequent than
those which dfeme tlie towering faî^ of the
stronghoM # hte ttilî^rrkmean faessure. Eemon-
st!âpi$y p^niL«4 willii&finile fefesn:^" mi^ MMm^Li^^.
were responded by enduring messages^ garbled M
BB 3
3?4 RBAÎ^S OF DE'fEIfl^fO^.
the pleasure of those to whom they were confided

but the subtle excuse for the further delay of the
desired audience was never wanting, and conjecture
became exhausted in d'evising the true cause of the
ifci<5rtifying im^feîae^ displayed tfee |4ch pre-
sents from " Mymi tite ^^m>^

A desire on the ^rt of the despot to preserif^
due respect in the eyes of his lieges, and perhaps
also to imbue the minds of his foreign visiters with
a befitting sense of his importance, were the most
probable motives. Under the existing disappoint-
ment, it afforded sonaei^s^feîffift to i^^memb
letfâsslef j(?if ^^^^ M Wm^h^nAhf^nmM^
rienoed^toSm^ and to inoir ik^t &ef^^
WMt^ ^M
the courts of Gondar and Tigr6 are
mtm |P?#§ented to the king nntil weeks after their
arrival —
a custom originating probably in the more
kindly feeling of allowing rest to the way-worn
traveller at the close of a long and perilous journey,
petpetnat^ for less worthy considerations.
At fengiji tlî^r^*!^^ a pressing invitation tefisit
the monarch at D#)ra B0rlia% m coiijîed wtik
^mmim %h$^ #^ Sl^^ of iiie3i<^ MhmM M
in attendano^tO" escort the party^ But no Master
of the Horse was forthcoming at the time ap-
pointed, and the following day brought a pa-
thetic billet from the palace —
a tiny parchment
scroll, enveloped in a sheet of wax, breathing
^ ^ts SJontents regret and disappointment. Son
of my house, my heart longed |o behold you,
375
and I beEei^êd ttat jon mme. As ym

le$t the waters should haTe earned you away^ m
that the mule had fallen on the iToad*. I com-
manded Melkoo to wait and receive you, and to
conduct you to me but when I hoped to see you
;
arrive, you stayed out. The mule returned and ;
when I inquired whither you were gone, they told

aae; jm weirt I Jtaw ^ômmitted iim
1 gîW mi ^h0^1k^;^:^hoj^^ go
dtj-ra^ midt>3?mg you/'
Meaiiwhile, the most vigorous attempts were
made, on the part both of the WulAsma and of
Ayto Wolda Hana, to exercise exclusive control
over the baggage lodged at Alio Amba. Locks
were placed upon the latches, and guards appointed
— Mly as wmh care )m»g i^mx i^ j^d^Se ,^cess

on the «>f I^L^ hf wh^ it }mm 'htou^%
as if His Christian Majesty had already become
the bond fide proprietor. Repeated orders on the
subject, obtained from the were uniformly
palace,
disregarded by the over-zealous functionaries, and

it was only by force of arms that the repositaries
were finally burst open, and that charge of the
Neitfier fei?®^liq^
wei?e the tlie -^Bt
gomtpm of the town amo^g the least of tht evtls

to fee ^tt4at^4 re^tog as they did in consequences
the most inconTetfient. Specially appointed to

B B 4
entettiii m& p^^^ fbi* the mwte Ib^ gu^sitej
he supplied €1* the royal expense provisioiîf alike

^mlity and defid^mt in qmm^%i^M3i^
inferioie^ iti
care at the smm:^S^ lîat Ihe king's munifie^<20

should be in no wise compromised by purchases,
for these he clandestinely prevented. His conduct
might be traced to the same jealous feelings that
pervaded the breast of his colleagues in office. In
the despotic kingdom of Shoa, the sovereign oan
s^m^ pui*hê- c<]fei3*e^^ goodfe i wd
Ayt0 E^^tKa Wx?tkj is-ta^^ ^m&Msi f^-
mintage ttpow^ #11 topîrte^ ife*?^^^^ ^M^tl^Mj
shrewd estimate of the -^Wtents of the bales and
"boxes, believed that these would effectually clog the
market, and that his dues would be no longer forth-

coming. Resolved to extend the most unequivocal
proofs of his discontent, he was pleased to assign to
the surviving horsea iimd tol^ th^ foreigtiei?a a.
.tfii^deiM^ colotitr^
jltîgd mi^ l^ng" paaai|^ttd^ bieipmi^ fmm size,
colour, and appearance, it was assumed ithait hp-

must be fetesaded for the king. The ^0jaiio:ti^d
drenching rain at night during the later marches,
and general absence of water
Avith the intense heat
and forage throughout the whole pilgrimage, had
sadly reduced the original number. Many more
0d Dm
liii^>3i?tfjif FiLrri, aatd ofthos^
whose strength had enaili$jfelE©3|^ t0^^^S^ %i^ m

half wqte WW pteseiited^ evidences of Ijiejr fete*
THE ^^mBimxJ'
Among the very few incidents that occurred to

If^^mk tlm m<^titonj of the probationary sojotim
îi^^f^^k&r of iSm Mng^&M, Wot um&t&l Mm^

the lifctte town was in ^ Btofe of confusion and dis-
may. Burglary had been committed —
divers pieces
of salt had been and the appearance of
abstracted,
the police-o£6.cer was not one whit more agreeable
to the innocent than to the guilty.
Aring having beM _femdt ii^B m tm^^^M
by th^^tfiw^d. -^m Mmmm introdwîJ
iêctaite?^^
M s §momp^^ ^ MiMi^^rnksBg h^^ wha ^
Muaself upon a bullock's hide with ait "4^p m M

. designation. An intoxicating drug was, under
many incantations, extracted from a mysterious
leathern scrip, and thrown into a horn filled with
new milk ; and this potation, aided by several hur-
ried inhalati<^4f # iC$0i*mJ^f<SOiS0| Wt^^

taneoa# ol ^ftêjiag^ "Qm jEfedpient stttpidly
fag at tlte l3a<jaiSi^; ^mong the rabble, and without

any respect to age or sex, dealt vigorously about him,
imtn at length secured by a cord about the loins,
when he dragged his master round and round from
street to street, snufl9ing through the nose like a
bear in the dark re(^s$a^f ^feiy loiie^ andl^^
Tinserutiiiîl no OJ^ eo^Kaca?*
^mpbg ^ considerable time with his
mtSB under the foundation of a hut, wherem he

$u#pe0ted tim delinquent to lurk, the in^p entered,
378 mw TO 6^îtM A H^MB'F.
sprang upon the back of the proprietor, and became

totally insensible. The man was forthwith arraigned
before a tribunal of justice, at which AyWliMmm
Work pim&î m^Mk(^^mm ^laM he
adduced, a«ti Jie mmx^ y^p^ti^dfy io liii iniioaeiiafe
by tfe^ lifa ti ilit Mt%, he sentenced by the

j'Uî Jtidges topay forty pieces of salt. This fiae
was exactly double the amount alleged to have
been stolen, and one fourth became the perquisite of
the Lebdshi.
The services of the hereditary thief-catcher are
in iqiuleeri^ i?e|^$si^<)ii/ Sfei^M the property last
emtsitt df Urn instfead: ôt MMj-

<M iêad $t04ki; it
f]fefcfem% fcappens that Ihe discipte êiftftimS impB,

upon the ground when all parties concerned feel
;
perfectly satisfied that the animal has either strayed

or been destroyed by wild
and the expenses
beasts,
attending the divination must be paid by the
owner. With the design of testing the skill of the
magician, the Negoos 0fii^ tlôft 4 tlma ^K^saamauded
iM <îifi%i'^;al fage. t<> ^^^fite td
wearing B|ipa«i pifea^taiiliag to tlm H^jd wm^mM,
and after an investigation of four days, the proper
individual being selected with becoming formality,
"
the professional reputation of " him who catches
acquired a lustre which has since remained untar-
nished.
Many a weary hour was passed in listening to
of ited di^ #txts*^fjfeii iWiiaîeSj which -w^m
Mij têpunted in tlie hw^l a$ 4TSj AmB^*,
m^mm of wkcchcbaft.
Witchcraft and the influence of the evil eye have

firm possession Miad dP m&y ^habitant,
msMdm^ M^^^vt^w^x^ titee complaiuls Md
to their dooxr titoftg wlio BOnghl mml^^
talismans at the hand of tih-B foreigners. A young
Moslem dam^^l^ wha&e fickle nmsm had deserted
her, could never gaze on the moon that her heart
went not pit-a pat, whilst the tears streamed from
her dark eyes ; and a hoary veteran with one foot
in the grave sought the restoration of rhetorical
pji W0rs, which hÂ formed ilm %0^# of his youth,

but wMi^k hm^
"
Iteîôj^d % fte lypîii^lîis.
g^m of a TSirfifl. Of y^^/^ Im mho SaitTO-
duced the patient, "this was a powerftll o3!l!,toj7|
and when he lifted up his voice in the assembly,

men marvelled as he spoke ; but now, although his
heart is stiU eloquent, his tongue is niggard of
words."
Equally hopele$&;wie^t Ihe mm (î m mjtetoiatt^
aibotfe of #e ittj*® guests. 1. Gtaflu^ ^f Ibe Bfeo
tribe hM imllertifefn tE^ removal of severe rheu-
matism, contra<3ted on the road from Hurrur; to
which end he administered a powerful narcotic,
which rendered the patient insensible. Armed
with a sharp creese he then proceeded to cut and
slash in every direction, ife^Bi' iSm W<>y9^ /<>i
heed to %ltm f^fe of tM f<M i m^ -^hm ilh i^^
^&im mî^. to mnm
3k in&neholy
conditioii, tte tathless op&sAôr âd disappeared.
380 A QUACK BO0TOB.
Scarred and seamed in every part of his body, he

now presented the appearance of one who had been
flayed alive, and the skin had so ccntracted over
the gaps wiitiiei Iht Mmh lâî hma leooped, that,
dimfcj not ipeak, ^'^'MfB&m hmABmmmf*' groraei

tlht miserable picture of human calamity; and it
were better that I should die. I have bathad in
the hot springs at Kordri without deriving the
slightest relief. You white men know every thing
give me something to heal me, for the love of
3S1
CHAR XLiL
THE WEEKLY MARKET.
toyal iism^ Aft^ KM^m^r "W^mk.-mm Frilty

aaa-oraiug to tie mm ^âêS; bifeaiallx ^^^m^
shfltej* of mx itncient acacia, which throws its
withered arins over the centre of the market-place.

On this day alone are purchases to be made, and
the inhabitants of the adjacent villages pouring
from all quarters to lay in their weekly supplies, a
smm crfiaftjiîieS. )!m^ ^^m&^^^ animates this
Shortly aft©P' S^yfeeafe, "Wmm o{ m&tf j&gmp^

tioH are displayed under the canopy of heaven, and
^^Gwds of both sexes flowing to the stall of the
vender, the din of human voices is presently at its
height. Honey, cotton, grain, and other articles of
consumption, the produce of the estate of the Am-

hdra farmer, are exposed for sale ot barter. The
D^nkî immhm% it^|M# Ms gay assottrnml of
'h^w^j Mmt^^^ coloured thread, and glass mrev
Th^ "mid ^Ml^ mpi^ h^M^^^ ^
produce of hk
flocks, and the Mosl6» ^^fer from the interior
dispkys ostridi feathei^s, or some other article of

mmiYAWM 0jr *M son**
curiosity from the distant tribe, titles ipf mUm

clotli^ md bags of m^m frcm C^flfe mB,
are iiX- 4i^<?^tipn. Bfcrrgie^ BtoA Mlis
m mm^$m ^ sN^^
crease ikM tuiSm^^l j
cjrfi
l?.or
mmxg the ea*©î
is even the wandering
to
Hebrew wanting to complete the scene of traffic,

haggling, and barter, which continues, without in-
termission, until a late hour in the afternoon, when
the village relapses again into its wonted six days
of <juiet and repose.
^tm^ mMtM^t td tfc© bM ^t^0B^m of

I^ypti^ mijmmy, (^mi^m& la pemm
and vk fcaM% lie moves cringiugly to pay his tax
to the gm^tW^ of the fair, who sits in conscious
dignity and prostrating himself with
upon a stone ;
shoulders bared among the mud, the serf hands

forth the measure of grain from the leathern scrip,
or scroops out the prescribed meed of butter from
the jar—.tJa;#^^^^ tofc^tl of permissiOi^ enjoyed to
men Mb bre^Ld/1>y tfee meâsing hm$ <^ W^mt^
ISo Bp%tk <5f iiJt€%îace lltoii&es his duU fe^tjoiî
not a trace of independence CMt ibe i31:§0^^fid in
his slouching gait ;and the cumbrous robe with
which he is invested would indeed seem far better
adapted for the quiet resting-place in the tomb,
than for the bustling avocations of stirrmg life.
Hire ^^î^ffers $i jMw^t ûn-map of the king's

niatcfel0ti& Tim jm^bm^ msaai?^
tfee.
forbids the removal of ttp |ritaitilre wen^to iitom

PBPLARS FROM .HUBBtlB. 3S3
£mu ki M ^ ptl^ of m^t ^(yÂ

moist with the beloved grease ; and the d«tr]fc,îcowI
and the lowering brow betoken the reckless cruelty

which stains the character of the band. But the
man is a poor slave, and his degraded state has
entirely destroyed the few traits of humanity which
mght hstTe simled upon his nativity.
htrt of iJit tmm ij^cm the smt%. Hfe: mttîei?<)»#

creese ensures from the bystanders a high respect,
which frequent disasters in the low country has
riveted on the heart of the Amhdra and men ;
turn in wonder to gaze upon the mortal who en-

tertaineth not a slavish adoration for the great
imMi(i md
hitLB-^M^^ Mi
Hts 4âlings, it i$
tma^ î$ cfli0 ^^t;fiênsiYe amount, and salt, not
silver, is the medium of exchange; but there is
still room The

for the exercise of his knavery.
countenance both of buyer and seller exhibits an
anxious and business-like expression, and the same

noise and pre'?]^ f^*îiag
.eotiArsion m eistea
twopeti®*tialîWtf^» at if tlm ffltma^^ti^k mwlved
The Christian women flit through the busy fair
with egg& aîd poultry, and other produce of Ijbe

084
farm. Their ill-favoured features are mi |m-
m bj the bare nhmm croî S^^jdirg-'^pte^ mimi

.Tbm^t^P j tla^ 4li?iy |iersons ciM are invariably
abrdtii^. in yet dirtier habiliHiiîirfe, from the tall
masculine damsel of sixteen summers, to the de-

crepit and wrinkled hag who in cracked notes
proclaims ever and anon, amole alliche hir^^ " salt
to sell for silver/^
Tb^ free iand stately iiiitte of jfe®^^^
laai tie light graceful garmât ^ tlt© i$as|, ^ )^lifce
of the paek*horse, and the Ib^tit and broken iigure

of the Amh&ra dame is debarred by thi^ ^êvere law
of the despot from the decoration of finery or costly
ornament. A
huge bee-hive-shaped wig, elabo-
rately curled and frosted, and massive pewter but-
tons thrust through the lobe of the ear, constitute

itei" Oidy prid#; mA nature, ala^f Ism offeri
withheld Weil the smlfetfe j^l^m^^^

attmctions whliili 1^1 ^"^M Citofe^ l^m lli^ cfcarm
of her sex.
The inhabitants of Argobba or Efdt, under the
control of the sinister eye of the Wuldsma, are
followers of the false Prophet, and speak a distinct
language. Little difference, however, is observable
in the external appearance of the males from that of
thi6 Jbmhlra subject ^^fthf empire ; and it is trot uiitil
th«^ :peift^TaI' of Ihe miîffittg: 4oth lSs^ foisarf
of biightôtted feea^s ^dfis^layed in of the
38S
dark blue emblem of Christianity worn throughout

Ethiopia. The women, on the other hand, are at
once recognisable, no less by their Arab gypsy
Iesiaif6% ihm fef Iheii? "Im^ %miSm^ mr^sm-
likehood of tli^ mmB material^ btrtitOiieCL olose

under the chin.
Fairer, more and better favoured than
slender,
their coarse Christian sisters of the more alpine
regions, they are still scarcely less greasy and unat-
ii-aîlhg. Loaded with amuMs beads, their
belief is proolitoed by tha c^-if^jiea^ted ifex^totetwa%
^ BMi^ms^ f '' ^* Prs0te %ei2nte 1^
courteous interrogatories of every passer-by, anent
health, rest, and welfare,?, fedng by the burly and
masculine ladies of Shoa, responded by the words
" Egzia behere maskin!^^ Thanks be unto God!''
Unrestricted by harem law they fidget about in
every direction, their great sparkling eyes peering
It mass of ^0?ifl4ac& ImSt^ tSlf
of <^ter .reai#huag nearly to the wnist. But the

MdeouJI §ack chemise veHs every feature of figure
and personal beauty, and the naked hands and feet
are alone exhibited, both rather misshapen from
hard work and undue exposure to the climate.
The crowd makes way for a great Christian
governor, probably from iSistant pro^Îi^si
vmt tfe^^ Me, H% isr itii^foUiiSed by a boisterous

r, e c
host of armed attendants, and, like them, paddles
with unshod feet through the stiff black mire.
The capacious stomach, and the bright silver sword
Jiliglet: mS. (ihalte f03fl«>wt In his path; a long

taper wand toir^t^ above his shoulder ; and his
portly figure is completely shrouded in the folds
of a cotton robe, bedecked from end to end
with broad crimson stripes. The garment might
be improved by ablution ; but repose upon the hide
of ^ 1^0Cfe h m ^4 purity of apparel, and it &
wMte in eompîsoa ynik ttoe of Mb iMxwstshed
Tim ^fMLgement of his hair has occupied the

entire morning, and the steam of the fetid buttetr,
which glistens among the minute curls, pervades
the entire atmosphere. Muffled high above the
chin, the eyesand nose of the functionary are alone
snbnitl^d to the vulgar gaze, and as he halts for a
moinen* to wondfgp ^
tiro^jnted sight of ifce
%^tzî stmgei^ tite blooitlot betrays the
midttight <te^«jfeh^
up
mi^ ^ wmMm W$ ttxm^^-
nose, s^CKm of the savage at the difference
of costume and complexion. Approaching the
acacia his shoulders are temporarily bared to the
pompous dignitary presiding over the fair, who
rising to receive him, returns the compliment, and
ih^M jBrnrn^ a tissue of inquiries unknown even
to the mSk erf OhesterfieM.
Cantering over the tiny plain — a scanty level of
m hundred yards — tlia idldi^Salla êrs the scene
of ^swtfii^tt,, im Iffng fefesses Bla?^ming in thu
i0id. I1& gam^t Mrnft trith ^ §]^^^Mm^^
A.^f flf Eoney, or a basket of butter, is lasli^ to
1^4 crupper of his high-peaked saddte 5 the steed is
lean and shaggy as the rider, and the snort and the
start from either proclaim undefined terror and
amazement at the strange sights, and the rugged
rocks and precipices, unknown to the boundless
mÊ^tors ^f their own gre^ l^m&n
only latitude fjlowed to the invention of the would-

be fop. The cotton cloth in every degree of impu-
rity, floats over the swart shoulder both of noble and
of serf. Bare heads and naked feet are the property
of all, and the possession of the spear and shield
alane mmM the difife^Mce df taiifee #i^f

gcOMB %0 #ilÊ?y $ weapon except iterjbg i}m feay
-^ l^^^îfy^ms^^ his follawfe^ never leave tfe
Iteesôld of their rude dwellings, wi^ctllt lê lance
in thcdr hanij-Wd buckler on their arm.
The and abhorrence in which the low
terror
country and its attendant dangers are held by
the Abyssinian population, have placed nearly the
entire trade of Alio Amba in the hands of the
Bandkil, who by th# monarch of Shoa
tofftiSi during the Mr seascfin from Aussa

CO 2
and Tajiira, and the traffic, considering the ma-
nifold drawbacks, may be said to be
fitaHe, 3fiitttb^ pf fomgn ixtt^rdiaaits, th^
Wamm ^^feWij^ #fgQinf of their goo^Ji^
hold their temporary rem/^m&S î '^l^ im^l^t imm^,
file climate of which, many degrees warmer than
the cold summit of the range which towers two

thousand feet above, proves far more congenial to
their taste and habits.

With the proceeds of import^ M^v^^Mt-
foreign
dise, hWtiS^% beingg kidnapped in tte^tîor coan-
td^ i^ iMm ^te pcaikmÂ in the adjacetti Slaîre

tmd^ ^ JkBd el Bttôol Them wzeif^M^dL "^^d^m
are then taken through the Amhara provitte^ *Olf
Giddem to the WoUo and Arg6bba frontiers, some

five days' journey to the north, and resold at a
profit of fifty per cent., — the sums realized being
there invested in amoleSy or blocks of black salt,
siê ^ a^liWWdjîs whettfcê. OfefeSned between

Aghn% mSi i^Tintry of the DankMi, $rOffiig|>- 8a^^
plaiti which îpb mly mppT^ ail the Jiyiâai
miii^fed*^ felll of Africa,
they pass as a currency, and, being bought on the
frontier at the rate of twenty-five for a German
crown, are retailed in Alio Amba at a profitable
exchange. A large investment of slaves is finally
pui^toed with the wealth thus laboriously

ama»l, md the mafrsdiiiiLfe retawi^, to Slfe MUbre
cQOTtiy to toffie iî humiipa t^î*^
of Zeyla and Eerbera, or on o^pîo^te of
THE $tAVE MABCTX. 389
iij^k mm to revisit îitj^ wftl^ %it^ mmim
'M^m 1^^^ if mm wgUm^ lie imm-

plored regions of the interior pour forth a con-
tinual supply of ill-starred victims of all ages to
feed the demand, and the hebdomadal parade in
the market-place under the ruthless Moslem mon-
sters by whom they are imported, is sufficiently
hamwiiig to tfeose TOa^jeiSitîHel to M^b aêvoltog
specto^feiv ExaîMj^ <5pAtite %
the purchaser^
the mMn Sh^nkak f^h^ a pfopisrtidii*^ to
the muscular appe&tlPiee of his giant frame and ;
the child of tender years is valued according to the

promise of future developement. Even the shame-
faced and slenderly-clad maiden is subjected to
every indignity, whilst the price of her charms is
eî&iia^se^- mmm^^ to ifee regularity of fcer fea-
ttt:i^% tfee ia^^ her tedditrg jforn^ mAM^^

lûvmi(^(^ <^ liWt braided locks ; and when the
silver has rung in confirmation of the bargain, the
last tie is dissolved which could hold in any re-
straint the appetite of her savage possessor.
c c 3
CHAP, XLIII.
THE PRINCIPALITY OF HURRUR.
ISm m^n^ wmk^ elapsed certeJii ml^staii-
lii ^d making a long and profitable sojourn

in Alio Anib^ li^d returned to their native land to
enjoy the honours attaching to their religious pil-
grimage. Slaves, and precious gums had

ivory,
been disposed of to great advantage in Arabia, and
the proceeds invested in beads, berUles, and broad
^db^5 with t3to ^^rrfegrprising trad$» hmMi
to itii6f 'â^âiri^ ihd^.galai m i!ttmtfe%
and cotton cloths j a^d designing tO âii 41ie residue

of their days in ease and affluence, set out by way
of Hurrur for the great annual fair at Berbera.
In advance of the time, however, these luckless
individuals had ventured to speculate to their
eia^ÔT^. <3pi3ttl3^^ HJ^lpi fte advantage to fct
wMfe iitm. The iiic^titiomt mm& mv^M the

ear of Abdel Y^Haag,, tike wily chief of the Hur-
rurhi, and letters wete secretly despatched to his
master the Ameer, representing the wealthy hajjis to
miom m Mum. 391
devised cteaaggrcmt Im^wim^j.^nA ipt^ fhMing^

'
witb liii J^Mel, the m0W0tf #1 the let^jWotopi^
slaves. "With hearts bounding at the isight of their
native minarets,and utterly unconscious of the
slander that had preceded them, the pilgrims
entered the Isma-deen gate of the city; but ere
return had been welcomed by wife or child, they
ymt^ hurried by iAm #QMi^ the "^Bm^ms^ ^m
despotj and, wiHtdat ei?^m the mockery of
wei^ Ig^teEk to death wllii huge 3it®,ee«l 6i n<m.
Tjm feifiependent principality 0f Hurrur is a
by any European, and is re-
#pot yet unvisited
markable for its isolated position among the
Pagan and Mohammadan Galla, against whose con-
tinual inroads it has hitherto contrived, with the aid
to jtt^fein iJsiiimtegriJy. The AB% tbe Ibî, tht^
0em^5 Ae !C|M?^0, the BabiB> the BtLtô, the Bur-

taera, and the Gooti, compass it on every side, and
making sudden descents, sweep the ripe crops from
off the face of the smiling land ; but their efforts
against the town have uniformly proved unsuccess-

ful, and caravans continue, in spite of hostihties,
to carry on a very Gc«fiii4ei?i^lfe tij^lSic ^ûgh the

IttM i^Q<J^ Wm^ ihôa, aM th© So-
maul mib^*
CkSgfeaally founded and peopled by a colony of
the sons of Yemen, the town is described to be
situated in a pleasant and well- watered valley, sur-
c c 4
TOtia^M spd enjoying a cool atfci aftlxbiScHis
*ltoaa*t* A will 6f tmk mdi #oii% m
mles in
s^cua^l^ to tbfe ^Mre population, whose houseSj^
matxy of them two-storied, are constructed of stone,

whitewashed, and terraced. Mosques and minarets
are conspicuous in every street. The matin voice
of the muezzin is regularly heard, and the Jama el
Musjid is believed to be the abbda of gmtdmi
angels, wlio stretdt #t strong pinion of profetsîoa
m!&: th^ h^^& of th0 FaithfoL ^^Mmr ^viÛmruT
hm^ triumphed thus long ov^r the titfb^lil^î*:^^^
inquire the devout citizens, " hadAll$Jimol esttend.6d
his right arm to succour the followei?$ of Ms Pi*o-
phet ?"
Aboo Bekr, the reigning Ameer, has wielded the
sceptre during the last seven years, and pursuing the
for better security are constijueted itanjadiately be-

lOH^ the foundations of his own palace^ Although
cruel and vindictive, he is reputed a brave prince,
heading the foray in person, and taking the front in
the battle field ; but suspicion of the stranger would
mmi to form the ruling feature of 4i^%(^ter^ pop
}^ #3^ to foe i^fjoto^Sas^d ^ $mm UwMkBi^md
^gimdm- m& kmwn to hare (^sm mmk^ tM
footstep of the intruder.
During the reign of Abd el Kurreem, uncle to
the prestent Ameer^ a large body of Arabs from
Moclia, instigated by a disgraced member of the
1>lt>dfl3^3?oyal, who had fi^ *M|ii® for. safety, laid
siege to lawtt, «ad %jubs of small
nearly Again the guardian angels

prevailed.
stretched their white wings over the beleaguered
city. The magazine blew up and destroyed num-
bers of the enemy, and their traitorous leader, who
had induced the attack by representing his country-
isieii/to feeîbsi aposta*^ fij^jfix^ tj^fr tMr
the braai^ Jjad im0i dashed out with an iron ^^^^

Death is now the portion of every fool-hardy wan-
derer from the shores of Araby, and whilst the
Galla is compelled to relinquish his arms at the
gate, every precaution is taken to exclude from the
lm3t $M foreigner #i??id,tafîSai,^4
strong TÛm&m^m to ihom of the ipB^m% sloek-

The costume consists of a checked kUt, a creese,
and a cotton toga the display of a turban being
;
restricted to the Ameer, to the moolahs, and to those

who have performed the pilgrimage to the shrine
of the Prophet. Although distinct in itself, the
language b&a*g îj^ttlaJr ^Mnrtf io thf^ crf Ite

Aisiifilm, Im* Jîrîilw^ tJiewiitten ^mm^Ti^*
B$sta^ is^tij^îttt lasijial syêm Of commerce, but
the mahaluk^ a small copper coin resembling the
dewdm of Jiddah, is current in the realm. Twenty-.
394
two of these go to a nominal coin styled ashraji^

whereof forty are equivalent to the German crown.
It lErî&^ ife^ reverse thence 0fr #^ reigning
God but Allah."

Around Hurrur the soil is rich, and extensively
cultivated, especially in coffee. Two thousand
bales of the finest quality are annually exported
into India and Arabia by the ports of Zeyla and
Berbera, which are visited thrice during the year
by large ^ra^fiffliS litdeii '^^ ostrich im£liBT$^
B^jfiBpoii, gmsT^ aiid msn*^, wH^k l!*t*ar
duced in great abundîice. Bltlfe wd white calica,

Indian piec0,^33pds, English prints, silks, and shawls,
red cotton yarn, silk thread, beads, frankincense,
copper wire, and zinc, are received in exchange,
and a transit duty of one frazil of the latter metal is
leviedby the Ameer on every slave passing through

\m dbi3a$#)Bf i?om i&e ooid }M
Slic% wlmt^ these commodiîL ')^t^xt^^
the most ^^llj^ intercourse subsists. Letters con-

tinually passand repass, and scarcely a month elapses
without the arrival of a caravan. The chief of the
Wurj or merchants of Hurrur, standing specially
appointed by the Ameer, possesses absolute power to
punish all o:^<;es, and adjust dlîsput^ amiongst
* The Hurrur from Zeyla may be assumed
distance of at 150
mWm %SMi and from Anfedber, 190 wiUw
his own countiyinen, who are not less fond of draw-
ing tfe^siêÔT; iM^ Ad^Sd. hmtlamir 3? uUafe^
fles too frequently terminate the debauch in blood.

Should a Christian subject of Shoa be slain, the
oflfence is passed over in poHtic silence, but when
the reverse is the case, the worldly wealth of the
sinning Abyssinian is by the crown, and
confiscated
his ;p^r$&m hmded mm 40 iM imd^t m^<la$ of the
The cantinual ehmgôf ilifeîteii^ th;eiKx;fe^giir^
cheapness of provisions, and the prevalent cust^

of handfastiag for the visit, tend little to improve
the morahty of the market town. The chains of
the convenient alliances formed, are by no means
binding on either party, and the sum of twopence-
ltal:lênny is perfectly suHeittlîi ^ mf^^ diiring
the iwa^ tht tm^^ One
huadrcd iê^Sttf^ltare considered a large dowry;
the nuptials are celebrated by feasting aad routing
alone, and whilst the utmost indifiference prevails
on the part of the husband, he loosens the matri-

monial knot at pleasure, by carrying his partner
before the kdzi, and thrice repeating the words,
Woman, I thee ^mp-^
Qm iîSm miîmpyp^tioti of AEo Amba
a,m Hmiiffflfli md I)milM* Of the worthies who
aceoiaapaacued the Embassy from Tajiira, the majo-
rity omtiniied. to reside at JF^ri md Channoo for

396 AN J^mtMUM DOOBKEEm-
the convenience of foraging their camels, but flock-
ing every Friday to the market, they never failed tO
confer the pleasure oi iimt mtMtf ^ ^f Mw hmim*
(hibmô^ He d0pi:iiyô^^ttiir <k the tow% Jiad
Ibem specially appointed to the service of tlm lb-
reigners, and whilst discharîog his office of spy
with the most creditable diligence, he exercised with
strict impartiality his functions as door-keeper, en-
amazement of the independ-

forcing, greatly to the
ent Adaiel, the Abyssinian usage, which precludes
the imBAmh of visiter <dite§s duly introduced,
^0 ^biKJsaoiiS red ma% 1^$^
lugh cost the lives of #[e i^rls^fe' p^$y
mq,tii€e8
the Great
W weE
iSdt X#ake, and who had now the impudence to seek

a reward for his services on the road, was the first
who came under the remorseless lash of the despotic

buUy and it was a not less cheering and delightful
;
sight to behold the warm-blooded little warrior,

J^j^hini Shehim Abli, flying like ^ £p&t^^ down
-itt steps leading frqto lip im&M-fmi Jait0 tfee
Mud% tet, be&3ee the pr^|>Td)î^ impetus ^

Christian toe, whicK presently seat the tyra^56i6al
Izhdk bounding after his colleague, with x00f ^
severe thwack from the wand of office, ringing across
his Moslem shoulders, as he vainly proclaimed him-
self own brother to the reigning Sultdn of Tajiira.
CHAP. XlilV.
ESCAPE JFROM THE MARKET-TOWN,
A]^r8SmiAS demote sttlfy mt Ixeaa^4igmty by con-

êgeejading to divulge evfefe tite soaêst design to
tlxe moBt eomfid^tM of their .couMiiîPB* Iti i$hgW$-
Afldbi&4^ pteaae^jDgy tte belly of 1M mm^ U-
iiever known ;" and tbixs it occurred that had any
possessed the inclination to predict the probable
period of detention, none could boast the abiUty.
A fortnight rolled tardily away, and the burn-
ing curiosity of the savage having meanwhile
it imtUf of flilbll© 3a<rtarii6ty ih^jt tht tog

TmM tê& lip ri&î<le5tee st^ tlig pImB
of lfaeh$l-wans, where preparations were aetuajly
in progress towards the long-desired audience.
The reappearance of the commander-in-chief of
the body-guard, with the escort of honour, was the
first welcome sign of approaching release from the
iîl^ m^yket tmm AJi$ Anab^j the most

iliijgirim peerigf ik^^ Mî% iî^^^d by a junto
far bdbind him* Biittm^niMp fel&g w^mm^j

t©dious a process, it i$ not the wurt etiquette to
398
endite letters when a verbal communication will

answer the purpose; t&îS&iterS^W^
ingly oh^rged idllt #l)twidaixt oompKmBnts, ond
the ensuing Sabbath, which had b^^ pronounc^jd

by the astrologers *'a day of good omens." Tarry
not by day, neither stay ye by night, for the heart
of the father longeth to see his children* Hasten
that he be not again disappointed."
But, unforttotMy, the hour seleoted Tby the
app¥Qiii?^l||^#fe f^t<>fi^^ guests faaijlit^^jrct^

g»§i$||r'j|t^ i?<>y^:iinpatience, it was therefd:^0 jô^
posed that the interview shoul<i.taie
earlier. His Majesty, however, laboured under
the effects of cosso^ a drug resorted to by all who
revel in raw diet ; and feehng yet unequal to appear
in public, it was finally arranged that audience
A inv^tîy 0f 1^ wm iifii^^ com-

jâ^^^fi j mifsS^ mmh oppositio^y thos^ mtended
for presentation to the throne were separated, and
sent off to await arrival at a hamlet- -di^toi^ 'two
miles from Machal-wans.
The next labour was to dismantle tê structure
of bales and packages which during the detention
at Alio Amba had been piled in view to the
^Bomy of space, so as to admit of #Qia0
pai!^ tDîcrpymg the ti^ "îlM^
c>thex^JbLad^ft in cafeins formed bel0%0r apoti,
A wAB m womm. 399
were no more porters, and that

jaaaMCince that there
if WLJ thing still remained it must be left behind.
Another battle followed, and a war of words, which
lasted a full hour and a half^ was again crowned
with victory.
Ayto K&lama Work, who had been the chief in-
stigator- CKpîs oppositxQU, CJ^^tl. Bcip^ni^^
umt <sf:Kfe iffiii^^ Id* nil

tribute in salt,iii jkdney, and in specie, he is entrusted
with the treasures lodged in Ank6ber, Ardmba,
Debra Berhan, and Kondie, and is expected to be
present on aU state occasions at the palace. To
assist in the discharge of these onerous and multi-
i$0.mm €u^^ itt many stewaarSs aii4 ûbordi-

lia^ of ^ î%eriMrfc6«sdB tifaie
mcpfe costly manuliotija^s are deposited^ liad dready

proceeded in advance to spread the carpets in the
great reception hall. He was accompanied by
Deftera Sena, the secretary, whose business it is
to receive and register all transfers to the state
revenues, and who had been Ibr the foj^tnifM
life^t^d fym^ Irisome <âpti^fy^ 1km v^bsmnt

MMmltf in prociiring ltoSes
no steps to supply the place of those destroyed
having been taken by the iainiiGal functtonaories^
400
of the l#e i3fctoeirîtjs h0m êre nittai^têi, :ijtit
oaijy 031^ proved Itt tradition to proce^flj

it wa3 not until a messenger had actually Bet out
with a complaint to the king, that measures were
taken to supply the number required. A clamorous
mob now assembled in order to witness the diflS.-
oulties raised m tjjie i?ay 6f foreigners ; and it
re<it#fe4 the txtaost ^^^^â 011 #ia |»ai?t
^6î^%%^<î^^hk Img mA ^liSi longer

tongue, ta ieep the Idle cccowd at a i*^peotftil
distance.
Mounted at length, the party turned their backs
towards the market-place, and entered upon a cir-
cuitous path, winding, by abrupt dechvities and

steep ascents, over three mountain torrents, towards
the village of SaUal Hoola, at tlâ nigltl was
thfe gpc»und iîh. her g^^ in ineâ,m$^fe|)i?oftisioii

md variety, supplying all the more ifma^B,i^
m0$xim of mankind, yet enforcing the doom of labour
so wisely imposed upon her lazy children. Rich
acres of corn by the wayside were interspersed with
quiet hamlets, and with luxuriant meadows abound-
ing in 4BPef<M aBd a vast variety of red and white
clover- Orystal brooks leapt |n 3inâefc0n$ <jaseaês,
and h^gtro^ ây" wi^fc €*l&|^ ^ô'î^f, th^ Sog"
fm^ and tha iSjag3?&ni jessamine, tjijparl5|i.d the
ruml landsi^pe an aspect ^nite Enrojgeaiir
Bôthem Abyssinia proper commences with
401
Efat, at the foot of the first range of hills, which

coiiliiiTQ0& to increase both in altitude and fertility
M tlfe^ mffifidlt^ tif Ifea lofty hoi^t 0l^t€îtm

mi& mod maik to form M&k <^ ik^ ihmH^
table land of Shoa. VioleKt #6ldKk^ 41llti;da^ OTid
lightning, which usher Js rainy season, are
attracted to this region as well by the great
elevation of the mountain as by the highly ferru-
ginous nature of the rocks. It is a land of hill and
valley, smiling under the influence of the copious
deluge ; and so striking a contrast It fi*iS0il.t
to the gmeM ^%m^<sim <MmsM ^

rmgkt believe himself transported 1?j mtOQ feirjr
agency to his northern home.
Ayto Wolda Hana, although loquacious enough,
had been somewhat subdued by the temperature of
the low country, to which, as well as to every thing
MohmaMAm, Imm^^ m insuperable ^3f#sfa |
but mm agîr ^thlii tlm &ftaen<re of §m poM.

mountain breeze beyond the limits of the Wtol^toa^'s
jurisdiction, and he was in his glory. Two running
footmen kept pace with his gaily-caparisoned mule.
Immediately behind him rode a confidential hench-
man carrying the emblazoned shield and decorated
lances which denoted Ms position in society ; and
in #e ia^glcfc <^ Hightend anarchy the tail of
M^^^^^îor ^doi^Dt of Irn^ Mmmsionn than
th^t-^:ê:p^p^ of Anl^toj^
SuddenJf lea^ng Ihe pei^^ the great mm. mB
4m
observed to dive into a village by the road-side,
whence Ma few minutes he returned, issuing a
variety i>f oisieu^ M It '^frem la^^Ôim im^
TCii^%^tott. im^ Bad wk^mm ttr iniil*
Iben^ steed already mentioned as having beeti:
Ib^^V^t Mm^
Tim^ mim^ iad not b^
seen for many days, and every application re-
garding had been so dexterously evaded, that,

it
although the tail had not been brought in, it was

believed to have gone the way of all flesh. To the
Sutjîili- mmyt tite larger, prancing attA*
ndglilsg^ m^ mw t^ jfeisi^. la ifee t^t .^îiiiiioa^
% ^J^^k gJtmm^ So^ tiiorOTighly

been impressed with the
had
i^îfs^f jRmctionary
erroneous conviction, that it formed a part of the
present designed for his royal master, that the
fortunate beast had been turned into clover, and
daily fed with the choicest barley, whereas all its
Mlffisa^ ia starve.
by the royal bounty, smaller in dimensioas^ W^^t.

dark, dirty, and dismal, and infinitely better gar-
risoned with vermin than the abode wherein the last
fortnight had been passed. Environed by miry
swamps and stagnant pools, it presented an appear-
ance the most gloomy and wretched, whilst the ma-
terials for 4<2WES>i* were, as mm^ tf^ the.
the baggage mmi nÂed m qi:tarters ^t ilcm village

403
where, at so late an hour, free access was impossible.

The gloomy recesses of the veranda were crowded
with finale slater, OjGOTpfe^-fe processes
of jir^sîltif i^^^yMik ^ pi&jitelgtjâ fewi Ireen
paiaee a^ntif^ il^ ti,^^m^h^^ of the fo-
reigners. In one wccier, two old women who alter-

nately plied their pestles to a most monotonous
ditty were pounding grain in a wooden mortar.
In another a group of buxom lasses were rocking
themselves to and fro over mills fashioned like the
high-he6fed sHpper of the days of good Queen Bess,
i^poâ tM incliBed df wMeh Itey mM^md^
a stone and great personal
l?rith iôi^^
the grain intQ>ii form somiglMmg rê^jîl^ flour.
It trickled in a scanty stream into a vessel placed

below the depressed plane for its reception, and
was presently wrought into thick cakes, full a foot
and a half in diameter. These were aac^TejîsfecKsm
to the fir^ and * cmde STq3^sto0e wm
tî^^ pro-
djic^4 %
a wdl-M Badiaii ^fefrfbsiil mwM
êiMiily if^^cted with a severe admo-
nition to his fcit^;per.
In this dreary and soul-depressing spot, destitute

of beds and not overburdened with food, were ex-
perienced the very opposite of the delights of the
Salt Lake — cold, damp, and wet in perfection; but
the glad prospect €>f aft 3?iteim
Ib^^^î^^ i3|f ifm spite af and
Tittkerj^ wa^ ^^Kj^âasS^* Katattta had, pro*^
2
404 RBPOBTS m CIBCtHiATlOK.
ceeded in advance to Machal-wans to seek at the

royal hands permission to fire a salute of twenty-
one guns 6ti iht Brfidi Imbassy reaching the royal
lodge — a point pri^^sly urg^, te mpimit-pits-
#41 iê foreigners p^^toioi of Ibjtjiwhich had been

prepared by MohaiMiiQâns — a |i*!t>©ieding which in
Shoa is reckoned equivalent to a renunciation of
Christianity. Ideas the most extravagant were,
moreover, in circulation relative to the powers of
the ordnance imported, the mere report of which
wa# M&tradL sioffii^fii# l# ^ to
iMvtt MMi. Mmm0^ m^tiMWi^
Mm wei^.âid lo imw at^rii^ ^ mj^'^ l^^'''
witose duty was to serve these tremendous and
it
terrible engines and in alarm for the safety of his

;
palace, capital, and treasures, the suspicious mo-
narch still peremptorily insisted upon withholding

the desired licence, until he should have beheld the
battery with his 0m
40a
CHAP. XLV.
It rained incessantly with the greatest violence

throughout the entire night, and until the morning
broke, when a great volume of white scud, rising
4^ iraUeys, an4 like % mm^B-
the nature of the weather that might be anticipated

during the important and long-looked-for day. The
baggage having with considerable difficulty been
collected from the various nooks and corners
wherein the porters had deposited their loads, and
HO proipect of a brighter sky being in §tOT% ilm
CiTCuiajaoent m^^î^ were umA^ of
th% WSi ^Mcjh. ^mm^ Msteltd-wans* Too steep
and slippery for mules, this waa- ascended mi

feot,with the aid of long staves; and the rain,
which had been dropping gently for some time, again
setting in with the most malicious steadiness, as if
resolved to mar aU attempt at display, the whole

cavalcade waspf^^My drenched to the sHn,
Atk hm^n iît tmy gmmi #pêd a
sttd^n teria in the rcmd, l^^w the m0&i^%.tmtmg
theircumbrous matchlocks over the rocks, com-
menced an indiscriminate fire —
the reporte flf tfe^.
below, acho&tg long and loud among the hrofen

glens. As the clouds of smoke floated slowly away
on the dense atmosphere from the shoulder of the
mountain, there burst upon the sight a lovely view
of the stockaded palace at Machal-wans. Its conical
white roofs were embosomed in a fair grove of
juniper Mid cypress, which creati^ a TêûtîDy
âflfey feim Urn hmk^ m x<^3i?ing ^d^r^^

j1 bright green me^dWy S|)mjgM Wik Momwm^M^
stretched at its focî the rose, the eglantine, and
the humble violet, grew around in all the grace of
native wildness, to recall recollections of happier
lands, whilst the great Abyssinian range, which
even here towered almost perpendicularly some two
thousand feet overhead, ati^d trliidsse ymlsM w$re
velM to i«te|tiik§'6l:l^^ fi^^jtejêd a tnagmficent
to picimm la^ftd farm^liouês
wee^ |)rofusely scatteredl 1;W V^riiat j^Bd^
scape—^lioh fields glistenfeii in various stages of
maturity — and the rills, swollen by the recent
storm, came thundering over the mountain-side,^ in
a succession of foaming cascades.
Another hour's wading through deep ploughed
fi^d§ t)f l)eans and peas and standing corn, aiid
acrose the raîd totiiS^ iMfa^ bed,
m tmrnmr mob. 407
brouglit the draggled party to im^ ^^-l^^ wm*

Ing^ df isê, îeh not fi^ aaafeiiitija Ibefet^
had been. pi|<3ied for ifej gbooommodation in a swamp
below the royal residence, and which admitted
rain through an infinity of apertures. This con-
tinued up to the last moment, thick and heavy;
but the utmost efibrts of the deluge had proven
insuf&cient to cleanse the mud-stained garments j
tmt t% tramp of $m hm^^ m

tito i0' ibfe taSfc 'i^mh lutd *^mblied
Embassy, soon converting the ground into a posi-

tive qttagmire, ankle-deep in black mud, seemed to
render utterly hopeless any attempt at the exhi-
bition of broad cloth and gold lace on the approach-
ing presentation at the Court of Shoa.
tPh§ ^ym^tB of Ank<5ber and iJip Amba, whom
speGM i^^m it mm % f?0^4e id&i^ mi, other^gi^
to aênder i^mistaaatje meedi^, l^. Bm y^tm^ to
lîth tent, whilst they lounged in the
palls, and contented themselves with urging the

instant gratification of the royal curiosity, which
was momentarily becoming more and more intense.
Persecution on the part of the unruly and boister-
ous mob, to whom every object was new, mean-
while TOKed grm^ md greats — tfedij^^^
preamiig-Jaf^^r^ to m-^ anS
bi^tte, M
eatltiSfeli&]^ tiheir mite to promote confusion and
discomfort, now at Ifeh^ after sally was
itijade by the u^roiised commander-'inrchief of the
DD 4
40«
body-guard, mi.Mmg:^m^ lihe long
i^pliiGâ?^^ Blitit was to no piirposî 31t$iaog

Wlis no sooner formed than brpkem, aad the self-
constituted clerk of the course, becoming at length
weary of his occupation, he joined his idle colleagues
in the tent, and left the multitude to their own
devices.
A mmnMmm n
lipiiie^ to
^
i}m U^g0
King, tmcUn^
mhf^M <tf
^
^mt>
IMimix w^ thm ^{r6$ed at the hmM^ ihm Am^
Mm rabble, on the very outskirts of the palace,
was followed by a from Birroo, the favourite
visit
page, bearing an apologetic message on the score of

ignorance; and repeated messages through this
shrewd little confidant of royalty, who possessed
tÎ Jte airs of a îled pet, elioiied i&mt permission
to fiire a single gun —.tii^n Ji*%~iij3td lastly, tiie
d^ggk^S safety. Im mmkmm^ imi^cpmrt

<ôwd to a certain t^p^^ attrd #a
spacious temi teving finally been erected, amid
peals of savage wonder, the floorwas strewed with
heather and with branches lopped from the myrtles
and from various aromatic shrubs that grew thickly
around, and preparations were at length com-
menced fd:j ilm iBles?vie^^ wMch, during the con-
tinuanoe of #îtimîfc-a^^^ had bgen by a
Ôiîtion of iii^ssages re|)âtedly aiid wn^tly
desired.
plumes and gol^ m^mMm^, BWm^^
mtt<^ fruitless opposition, in mountitig Ik^gMf
caparisoned steeds, and escorted by the governors,
the commander-in-chief of the body-guard, and by
a numerous and clamorous escort, proceeded in full
uniform towards the palace. Many were the at-
tenipts iQê to enforce the etiquette which denies
BjSGfeUrt^m ^tisr^taim^^ 201% m gaining the
foot df mAnmmf #0 ô^ tei^
from the centre of the enosotaprae^t, and t%0
valley, filling fast with a cloud of white smoke,
began to echo back the salute at the rate of six
discharges in a minute, no further interference was
attempted, and an universal shout arose of " Mali-
fia Ungliz^ melcom! mekomj^^ " Wonderful English,
again at their climax on reaching the outer ivicket,

where the form of obtaining the royal permission
to pass was to be observed ere entrance could be
accorded by the state door-keepers. Further de-
tention was experienced in the court-yard, at the
hands of sundry officer® of the privy climbfei'^
whose vispges were hM M ^dftptfeA ^ SMftîtt ^he
ohameter Mfh dKcyi :lmpoî?WiOe^ Mi whose
assuinption of digi3i% f sifigularly ludicrous.
At length came a message expressive of His Ma-

410
jesty's unqualified surprise and satisfaction at the

extraordinary celerity with wMeh the guns wet^
Bdug served, h& to the EmborS^-
Ifcgaiai mtferpQSe^, mSr it needed another mes-

sage, and yet another command, before admission
could be obtained to the royal presence.
The last peal of ordnance was rattling in broken
echoes along the mountain chain, as the British
Emb^bssy stepped 0^ i€?ngth wer high threiiMM
tul&^^^ wtiiK^ i%|f^|d]asi lit tM muii^^

tim massive aad thfe climber
glittered with a profusion of ilHilrer ornaments,
emblazoned shields, matchlocks, and double-bar-
relled guns. Persian carpets and rugs of all sizes,
colours, and patterns, covered the floor, and crowds

of Alakas, governors, chiefs, and principal officers
^rf ^ eiQQffrti m^Hy^jl their holyday attire, stood
la a postttlN^ -df respect, lajiKSOsrgEfi^^^ % the
le^ Two vfiirftfo^l^ trec€9i$a m ^mi^^ ^?L%
one of which blazed a cheerfiil wood fir%
grossed by indolent cat% whilst in the other, on a
flowered satin ottoman, surrounded by withered
eunuchs and juvenile pages of honour, and sup-
ported by gay velvet cushions, reclined in ^thiopic
state His Most Christian Majesty Sdhela Selassie.
I3it Agqfari, or s$i^$-4bot-keeper, as iggl^teP
€3f tsarem<mii^% stood with % i^d ttf
to preserve the exact distance of ajpfOaelt ip ttsf-
oliy, and as4M Bliish guests entered ibe
be seated tifoa idbli?^ ilj^ Jfeni pirmêtidy l^n

sent in — ^w-hict it was isoimaanded Ij^t all
might be cot^t^*
The King was attired in a silken Arab vest of
green brocade, partially shrouded under the ample
folds of a white cotton robe of Abyssinian manu-
fecture, adorned with smdry bMad ci&eisw stripes
mi borders* Jdrty summers, wfe^f dght-^d'^
th^ ^W&i^ h&d slightly furrowed his dark brow,

antl SOiHewhat grizzled a fuU bushy head of hair,
arranged in elaborate curls after the fashion of

George the First; and although considerably dis-
figured by the loss of the left eye, the expression
of his manly features, open, pleasing, aKid doiia-

manding, did mt l&r î^'imfrm$Mmhl^ Wfe the
i^hrn^t^ #r itop&âl jto^ê wJi&li the diespl
hm obtained far and wide —
even the DandMl com-
paring him to *Va fine balance of gold.''
All those manifold salutations and inquiries
which overwrought politeness here enforces, duly
concluded, the letters with which the Embassy had
been charged — enveloped in flowsJ?©^ tattillitt a^ttd
rich goldl&^sii-**^3?e presented ki a wooi

i^tott^ly fexMd with ivoty ; and the con-
tents havitig been read and tpîiiiided, thf m^^f
presents from th^ British government were intro-
duced in siiceessioiii to be spread out before the
glistening eyes of tliB C(«iJ?t. ffee: mÛ BpttS^fe
cairpl Wtte% 0<^pletely mm^^^ 1^ itogelbBif
tention,and some of the choicest specimens were

from time to time handed to the alcove by the
chief of the eunuchs. On the introduction of each
new curiosity, the surprise of the King became
more and more unfeigned. Bursts of merriment
IfeSBbw^^ ^;he magic revolmfl^M^f a group o£ CIM?
nm^ imoiiig figures ; an^ Mmo^^
^m)^T^ Ml mifQH% wi^ the setg^Mrt %t: lihdp?
ixi^dbed ijrtKJ «be eentte of the hajl^^fe^
in front of tlie tfhroiie, and performed the mantial
and platoon exercises' amidst jewellery glittering
on the rugs, gay shawls and silver cloths which
strewed the floor, ornamented clocks chiming, and
musical boxes playing " God save the Queen," His
Majesty appeared quMe mtfrntMA^ mM.^ M<Mte3i
th^t Ke pd^Sfsf^teo 1^ 10 express his gratitude.
But m^ m^^ Imght weôr m&lm tihat EgMei
up the rp^^l featuresfj.^: three hundred musket^^^
with bayonets fixed^ piled in front of the foot^
stool. A buzz wonder and applause,
of mingled
which half drowned the music, arose from the
crowded courtiers and the measure of the warlike
;
monarch's satisfaction now filled to overflowing,

^ ikd, wffl êw^rt you," he exclaimed, " for I
But astoiii^hineiit and

VISIT mQU ME f COOTESSOK* ^13
formed the sequel ta ^resentatiqifc ^ iinBst

princely gifts. A ^Tm^ was atttwêd to the op-
posite face of the ravine. The green valley again
rung to the unwonted roar of ordnance; and as
the white cloth flew in shreds to the wind, under a
rapid discharge of round shot, canister, and grape,
0mî the eriimbling of tfee ifq^k, mM, #4 iîiefe of
êfallmg stoni^ -pfce TNfe^'3ei^^^ iteves
as to the gaping peasant. A shout and

rose long
loud over the pealing echoes which rattled from
hill to hill and far along the serrated chain was
;
proclaimed the arrival of foreign guests, and the

royal acquisition through their means of potent
engines of irtov
CompKmeia^'ftwthtth::^ mdfmmMem^
âttila^^^ fi?om tfee iîiiiicipalcourtiersîiilo^
of state, closed the evening of this unwonted dis-
play; and the introduction, by the hands of the
favourite page, of a huge pepper pie, the produce of
the royal kitchen, with a command that the King's
children might feast,'' was accompanied by the

unheard-of honour of a visit &^m ^^^mmSMh&^
•pdft^; Ett^<^;p€l3^TO turbans, and armed

with silver crossand crosier, the deformed little
priest, whose ^tire long life has been passed in
414 THE mtMi mmm wommmD.
4^1ig good his .feQow*<ii5e^to*©Si Mi
hMmm Êtd EteefeAt torn to t efc^ j^^î lit
its t6Q0filti% m ftEp^Mfag it^K^te deBTered Mia^^lf
thtts:
away since Asfa Woosen,
on whose memory be peace, grandsire to our beloved
monarch, saw in a dream that the red men were
bringing into his kingdom curious and beautiful
commodities from countries beyond tke gireii sea,
TkB afferologers, on being o^tto^ded to m
i^mpîm$M^ Hmmoff pm&t^'^ with om j^mm^
into Abyssinia during BSf .Hajesty's most illustrious

reign, and that yet more and wealthier would follow
in that of his son, and of his son's son, who should
sit next upon the throne. Praise be unto God that
the dream and its interpretation have now been
Mflll^l Our eyes, though they be old, have nwa?
W^dd "f^^ m^Smmg the reign
these have been wrdtight in Mthiopm.^
APPENDIX.
41T
APPENDIX, No. I.
Elevation
above the
Names of Stations. of Water. Level of the Latitude and Longitude.
Wues. Furlongs. Sea.
j
Well. _
\ Lat. 1 1°
iLong. 43î(rSlf JiS,
W %W M*
4 Do.
*l
2 4 Do. Lat. 11° 40' 15" N.

Warelissaii - 14 None. 1697
11° 37' 30" N.
Wkt Assal - 16 Do. Below 570 fLatr
Goongoonteh - 16 Stream.
Allooli 9 Pool. 228
Bedikurroof - 16 Do.
Suggadera 8 Do. Lat. llo 19' 3" N.
Murrah. 4 Well. Lat. no
17' 3" N.
Duddee 15 Pool.
Gobaad 12 River. 1057 Lat. 11° 0' 54" N.
Sunkul 4 Pool.
Suggagedan - 7 None.
1228
Lat mrm
Dawaylaka 9 4 Pool.
Oomergooloof 8 4 None.
7 4 Pool.
% ^ 4 Do. 1605
None.
Pool. 1542 Lat. 10Q34'3r'm
WaramilU 1 Do. 1752
Naga-koomi - 15 None.
Meinha-tolli - 15 Pool.
Madera-dubba 15 4 None.
Sultelli 17 Do.
Maroo 13 Lake.
Moolu-ZugWl' 13 None.
Burdudiift' > 9 Pool.
None. Lat. 9° 39' 13 N.
Hao - ^ - 15 '
11
^0%. I. B JS
418 iM»BisBi2c
tTAiJiiE — eontmued.
Elevation
Distance. Supply above the
Names of Stations.
of Water. Level of the
jLatitude and Longitude.
Miles. Furlongs. Sea,
Azboti 12 4 Pool.
Dathara 12 4 Stream. 2944
Dinomali 5 Do.
Farri - 1 4 Do.
Alio Amba 13 Do. 5271
Ankober 5 Do. 8200
Total distance^ 370
By the passage of th^pofe^ ilit^ ^ti6t^ tte tlêridif^ li^ î^-

netic variation at Ankober was observed,
witli tlie aid of a well*
regulated chronometer, to be 7° westerl3^
The longitude was determined boti%j^-:$^f^ <jf Is^ti^t,
by the eclipses of Jupiter's satellites, the mean of upwards of
150 observations having been taken.
APPENDIX, No. II.
REMARKS ON THE NATURAL HISTORY OF THAT PORTIQN QE

Tmm Ami, mw^^rm mw-Aitmn- 4.mM^ tm^- Mmtm mmt
tHn SISA-GdAST TO THE FEaKTIER OJT MWAT.
Tsfe aalvMeeci sfo^ t&ê ^.aôi w^s liftfevoufitBle for tsfe-
servations in the department of natural history. Both animal

and vegetable life were apparently in a state of torpor; the
trees and shrtiljs were fe fejiât feafl^ t and iib Annual plant
whatever was to be seen, even in the immediate vicinity of the
watering-places. The few insects that were not in a state of
food for the new generation sliottld be |trepared% Mature* Am-

410
pHibta, 8^^t\% and Ophidii, wMofe »m gmefally »6t so de-
pendent OB ^ supply of water, existed in small numbers in tWr
lurkingjpliac^^ whilst bird? m4 larger anim^tls inust#ti Ifei* ^fj^^^lf
ImveWigratectto 'moffe ikvatitfed countries.
Basaltic and trachytic hills, either isolated or in chains, rise
ftta distance of about half a mile from the sea-shore, wMch is
'W^lnding and shelving. The hills are in general rounded, and
marked by broad veins of but containing
similalc^ is0!mposition,
more perfectly crystallised aud zeolith. They

felspar, quartz,
have not the sharp peak, but are broken and cliffy, and have
apparently been upheaved at different periods.
On leaving the shore, a most striking specimen of columnar
basalt presented itself in the ravine of Galeylafeo, which, for
nearly ;a mile, runs lîôugk llie heart of a huge mountaiR*.
In width about 200 yards, and the perpendicular pillars
it is
are 200 feet in height. It is evident that water could not have
fmn t^ Sofe-^geSt Iff J*^^ cleft, although
at present the ravine presents the appearance of a regular

watercourse. The surrounding hills consist of the same rock,
hftt eO'Veted %ith l&me boilldeirs, whitfh ate tnueh itjttoed-wjlh
oxide of iron.
Amongst the confusion of volcanic masses on the plain of
'&kb^p&iigik cases, when the true lava
slîâm could be traced to its source, it was difficult to determine
theJ^xact site of the craters from whence they had been ejected.
The Mil w^îfith^ ^^par^^ Bfihr JS:^'^^^ with its
singular tops of limestone, slate, and creta, deserves a more
minute examination than could be given at this season of wither-
ing he&U The îsstiem sidfe is tibye- ifetî^Stl%^ as being
more open and disclosed; there is, however, as in all forma-
tions in the vicinity of volcanic countries, no uniform inclination
th^ Ikfm. TKe rmtgtMt&^Bîhk ^t^J|h<te^ # th^^
lake is basalt and basaltic wacke ; on this w€$fe)ciii ffc ft-parQf
gypsum and limestone, but resting on ba^ltilii
The late 1^ k 4e€tp ^^WrsIH imitit separated

grettt sÎt
by an immense lava stream from the remainder of the bay, the

head of which it once formed. Resembling the Dead Sea in
the dejpressxon of i^ li&^fel, ^ ihd density and dh4^M i^^mti^
tatioi) of th^ fltiid* And in the
E £ 2
loneliness, st?0dliiy^ ^ dfe^t^^^
which volcanic action has produced the strange phenomenon
of the existence of shores so consideral?ly below the level of the
mem. In iM iM&A §64, ihe Me
rf tlb^rfa^j amtf tfee vAy^f
ihe J'drdan between them, it has apparently been a distortion
^nd crushing of imniense masses which have subsided into
subterranean cavertts- tft tht fiihi* Assal* it has imn pl^tfifie^
by the erection of a new bank, serving as a dam or barrier across
the head of a long na,rrow bay^ by which a coiisi4eral^le body of
sea-water was sepai'ated'fi'O^ tHe'fe^mfei* e '*e<;fe|itfkd[î*
As high as the level of the Arabian Gulf are to be found, in

the basin pf Bajir As^îfl, the salts and earthy (mfignesian) pre-
cipitated (Sf the salt water, which in the &me ^^s-;
reduced to its present level by evaporation^ i^);^ yearly suppljf

of rain-water being but as a, d,xo]^ ta tl^Q. ai^^^- Huge heaps
of lava, having been apparetflty in strife with" the opposite
element, are erected on the banks over wacke, or in other ^
cases over a finely -grained soft marl. The latter, wjien clear
of lava, presents a thin layer of gypsum, with numeir<)us shells
of Melikiiilt, Limnaeus, Physa, Plaat^fbis, Cyclostoma, Unio, and
Cycas, some of which are at present to be found iii the distant
fresh- water pools and rivulets.
The shallow watei? dSa. th^ borders of the lake presents natural
salt-pans,and a crust of fine salt, two inches thick and tolerably
clean, covers nearly the whole of the surface. The supply
vitiC^vdfill^^f^^^îi^xhaustible; for whîcutdtri'witli a spaddlev
a new crust is soon furnished from the waters beneath. Being
visited by almost every tribe of the Adaiel and Soraauli, and
a^tmppify sTtttated on <^ I»«>tr4feipj^ of ft^ iftos^fe fewless*
savage of them, this remarkable spot is almost forbidden ground
for the observer, not to speak of the obstacles thrown in the
th# jiêessaries of life.
In the ravine of Goongoonteh, and during the continuation

the jotirney a^ M
-lit SLtflMoo^ iffi^fet ^mM^ms^ trap
formation were met with. The wacke is of a fine grain, and its
constituents are indistinctly mingled ; it is traversed by empty
iWler«a tNiSfel^îtT^>o^cjasionall^^^ ^J&a^
m
towards tii6 Surface; ^he cotttitrj' mtfsi have ffeqaeritly been
agitated by violent earthquakes, detaching
huge masses of rocks
from the and, bereft alike of vegetation and animal life;,
hills ;
it pt^sents altogether a most monotonous appearance*

The lower classic ot animals, of ephemeral exi$t6nce> are
found on evety living or vegetating body.
Of Coleoptera were observed two species of Pimelia :
(longipes), one of Cetonia, of Copris (Isidis), of Erodiu3

(gibbus), several Staphylini and one Gyrinus.
Of Orthoptera : Locusts, Blattidae, Mantidae, Truxalidae.
Of HymenopUra : several bese^, eiêeialiy at Kifltjltoo, Otte of
which, marked with light brown segments on the abdomen atid
bearing a long sting, was exceedingly annoying.
Of Piezata : many differ^taaiets.
Of Diptera and Hemiptera : several species.
Of Lepidoptera : two species of Papilio and several of moths
and it was a matteJf great wonder whenfi^ these btttterflies
obtained food in a Country wtoe.e*îi pmt0vret cotfld mi be
discovered.
Of Myriapoda i one lulus* and several Sedlopeudra*
ArachnidcB were in great numbers : Mygale, EpeiEa> Lyoosaj
and one small Androctenus.
Gfi^stemm s Ik^ mm #ea«sh6i;e it Fagum e;d$ted in as^
tonishlng numbers, and in the sweet waters a. 33>^jt|tiHS.
Ytr^hratm were still scarcer and the ;
JR^ptUm had their J^presentatives in the three orders Saurii,

Ophidii, and Batrachii. A small lizard, very agile, existed under
stones ; also serpents, Vipera and Coluber, and in moist places
Bttfd attd liana.

Amongst the Birds —
Of Rapdces : Percnopterus and Falco are numerous.
Of GcMimam .* Mtinsid^ loael^g^Js* ai>d -^0tt$ panrl%0s.
Of Cursorii : Struthio-camelus and Otis.
Of Ciconidm : Ciconia Marabu.
'OT Gafii&r^S : Corpus, lio^la, 0ylVia, TMti«*
Of Mammalia, three species of Antelope, one of Hyrax, one of
Equus (Onager), one of Sus (PhacochaBrus) and fresh holes in ;
tfei saa^ indleated tte ]pife&eft(^B tit ktimi^ mmt pr<st)f«tbly:«tf tW

order Eodeatia.
£ E 3
m
The sheep of tH6 Cdtttttty^ ate the Hejaz lamb (Ovis aries
laticaiidata) white body and black head and neck, covered with
;
hair, and having thick, short, fat tails j male without horns. The
goats and cattle are generally smalllW sktiire, 6f all edIti'tttSi ^ntf
surmounted with very large horns. The shepherd dogs are
small, and spotted with yellow and white; they have long pointed
skulls like the fox.
With regard to the flora of this part of tll^ ^^îintry, the small
quantity found in flower, belongs, with, fe^ ^dlE€je|H!)ioiJ§, tQ the
family of the Legvminosce, amongst wMcli the drd^r of ilf?««o*^'
is the most extensive both in species and specimens they are ;
however all stunted and shrubby, and seldom attain any size.
Still the only fuel and shade found during the journey was sup-
pii^ hj thi& ^tl!^ *3^h^ 4to: several Capparid^t

Cadaba, Sodada> :C4^|j!aif&* Gfiîj^- »^|tigSifc^^^^^ is the tmt%
common.
which however was seldom found in blossom, and iii th« JP^rgQ''
with stately flowers and capsules.
laria tomentosa,
families found by the way-side, Moringese, Rutaceae, Tamaris-

cineae, Chenopodeae, Amaranthaceae, Cruci ferae, presented only
âlit^ry êeiineiis.
Of the EuphorbiacecB there were but three ; and of the Palm
taribe there only appeared to be two species, the Phcenix dacty-
Hfera and Hyphê tkteifera^ btjtfe tff -wMc^h^ gradlttaily disap-
peared as the soil improved.
Nature has scattered the necessaries of existence with a niggard
hand over these desert plail^,'lainir the supply of wafer is imSe^d
scanty. In such a hot climate, those pools which are not fed
by running streams spun become adulterated by the dejp^fii-
position of orgaxr|0 4n^l inlorgante ttiatter- The wadke eati-
not resist W$ lopg exposure, and thence the water imbibes

oxide of iron aud muriate of soda, discovered in the pools of
Goongoonteh, Allooli, and BediKuroof and again the numerous
;
ijocks and cattle of the caravans which are driven into the pools
tatnt and corrupt the liquid in a still more offensive manner.
Thefetidismeltînd ta^te i^^^ waters of Duwaylaka, Amadoo,
Fijiloos, ^lid Killttllooj, % indeed sio^pressiwas to be stjbduiBd-f^Tjr
By a considerable quantity of %i^tt m& matmf&t%lm4^Q^lM
mud, when stirred up, emits a volume of sulphuretted hydrogen.
During the wet season all the lower parts of the country are said
to be exceedingly uiih^%, "Vîsdl^fti^tiJfW' Îtd liJ^^^sti^t imtii
in the plains and wa&e& f^'OiBf the ittîknts t^m^t tO
the mountains.
Friim^^lulloo to the Foot of the Abyssinian Mountains.

Th&4^f^> oi the Adaiel, spreading from the sea to the foot
t>f ^^'Shoah^ Alps, is not altogether a plain, as it has been most
likely in remote ages, numerous wadies, with banks more or
lessJijghj. now intersecting the greater part of it. These banks
rfee irt IsOine instances to hills of firm rock, generally wacke.
They however consist of but lightly cemented conglomerates!,,
or loose boulders. Towards the middle, as the ground rises,
extinct' Tolcanoes make their appearance, sometimes scat-
tered and solitary, with indistinct cones and craters, com-
pletely covered with volcanic cinders, and sending off sheets
of lava in all directions ; or in whole clusters, with cones and
craters complete, connected with each other, and environed by
belts of their products. The extensive plain of Bôlttf is it ®qJM
level of a dark, black, undecayed lava.
^he tiractof land between KilMIoo mA^^tm^'pe^Ml-f'
has been visited and overwhelmed by the action from below,
which, having reversed the original disposition, has covered the
saisfede witit tfe^ ^flfefitst il& violence. T&eise id. Milk ^
be seen of the under parts, although here and there some of the
later formation, the residuum of the calcareous waters, has spread
iL &tyj& coat oveF ibe 1wgroîiitb i
have again and again altered and destroyed the
M '^ldleiii
first
^mmLo^m^
appearance,
and it is now difficult to determine the centre pool from whence
tW jfeystif^ffltr i«suecL In Ihh scbsdnee of a m^m ^tfîtb and
a main volcanic range, it may be concluded that, similar to some
violent eruptions in South America, large mountains have been
thrown up tte îdliîoj^ l^^ tfe|tei4
half- fluid matter himiig. bttrst: fotih wleterer tfeef wa^^^
to the surface.
M^mM-miU^^^^ were ftwtrtothe^ ^lainsvii£'$iMfiU
a,n^ Ey mluf. The JPoaA fmm ©lose isolated ^tym
^n^-frf tMse, tdWM Jefiî H^mwd* mlfe sMglit- ^^ m
and black, covered with several smaller cones of ashes the ;
about four hundred feet in height the crater is on

hill itself is ;
the eastern side^ a little below thie top ? a^d the sides^ #libh are
steep and sloping, are clothed with shrubs towards the base.
On the road to iVIaroo stands a similar volcano ; but the
^nSuettee x)f tfesê ei^tifts^ lloed^ itdtrêm i& tare Wtettded* feif
beyond the immediate neighbourhood, although there is a con-

nexion betweÂ the Y^hole cluster on the plain of Mittur^ which
3fl:iay %e'i€ew to the^ sikafi lava st^rj^â^^ aiia iJ^brfe of vcifcaftie
product on the adjoining plains of Sultelli and Eyroluf. tti^

mt^hqiîm^nff îp^^^ tjêy:,B^^ k3ifV^,$Ql^^^ present
Skie of fhe Wrfetete, the ôufhUasTetti ^fde of "i%je plains is
terminated by a much older formation of wacke.

Between Meinha-toUi an4. M^d^Parriubba, obsidian, jiîiîi^,^
clinkstone, and fresh-water liiMes^bne containing shells dflil^^
lania, were strewed about. Excellent soil is found in all
the$e situations, the low grounds being pverfiowecl at s^^ne
seasons, and, as in all volcanic eottttti'ies, producitig miich Vege-
tation. The extensive plains of Moolu and Burdudda are
thickly covered with grass, and intersected by small brooks and
pOoK terminating towards the Hlwasli in very broken, hilly
g|5i|UijnJ| attd the large jjlain on the eastern; 1i£(iit^k<c$^]be fWm
Ijeats every sign of being annually deluged.
The country of the Adaiel is throughout very sparingly
l^teted* During spring and autumn the hill^êollect sufficient
rain-water for numerous rivulets, which after a course of scarcely
one mile are absorbed by the sands, and dry up altogether
by tbe^d df -liife tmijîr^ deej^ h^Skfvm mi ^Jgfts
the firmer rock preserve small quantities for the dry months of
the year. The Hawash itself, although receiving all the rivers
does not reach the sea. The banks, thickly overgrown, are
about thirty feet in height, and very abrupt^ Its fall is scarcely
perceptibly y^^t the of ttel^^t^ is v^y isOlirfa^fe^Si^fei
On the western bank volcanic hills and sheets of water again

appear, the latter being situated lower than the bed of the
olii or$ter fitted ajp* auil suppfiei by a Sot mitiejâl s|w1t^. th^
425:
water muj^ ^leiBi^dôr wadii&g' elotHBti K pbssefeses an

hydrothionic smell and a bitter taste, resembling that of the
salt of magnesia ; but the borders are verdant, and a species of
0y^fus grows kxtlnarftiy in the water.
This portion of the country, though still sparingly supplied
with the means of subsistence, U more favourable for spe-
-rfilPi^m-of ajMogy ItlMtn' tM feuKaibg fratst between l*ajili*a atid
Killulloo.
Of Beetles the family Coprophaffa had many representatives
lontha ; four species of Cetonia (on the Aloe) ; one Silpha,

Hister, Abax, Graphipterus, Anthia, Staphylinus, Elater, Can-
tharis, firodius, Moluds, Pimelia, Mylabris, Chrysomela*
Of Orthopterttf large flights of Gryllus migratorius were
observed near Azboti. -^crydjum and Gryllotalpa very com-
tttott throughout. Also inany N^feuroptera, and termite totted
studding the face of the country.
Of Acephalaonly one^ Unio» was found near the Hawash.
A
few frbgs TV^re sêeti Ixt the ifrstterSj to iish? anft
although lizards abounded on the land, there wef# J30 serpelits.
One large-sized tortoise was picked up,
Bit*ds df all descriptions inlsabit the plîhrs aiid 6ttliVen tlie
scanty woods : the ostrich, Otis arabs, the partridge, ducks,

adjutant, Charadrius spinosus, Psittacus, Lamprornis, Tanagra
Brythrdrhyncha, Pyrrôc6âx. 'Of ' beftstj5> the giatit cteaiion,
the elephant, and his rival in hugeness, the hippopotamus,

abound in the plain of the Hawash; and rapacious animals,
the lion, the leopard, all4 the hyaena, prowling ahptit ite^^'mp
during the nifht) render indi5pe«Mbk th^^ piiîOtloa of a stout
thorn i^taf^^^
Of the orctef JSbcfe»ito the porcupinefeieatftittGtiiii^ Variety
of rats.
Of Ruminantia : a few antelopes.

Of Fissungula : Hyrax.
Of Setigera : Phacochaerus aliyssinieu* ; and
OiLemures: Galago.
The flora, so dependent upon tlienature trf^the gmun4 ofFei*s
little variety throughout this tract, although a few new plants
were found in the favoured plain of Sultelli. Four Composite

m
(one Santolina)^ thre^ H^tmifH&s^ (obe Cassia^ iêseiifiiUing
Senna), one Euphorbia (rotundifolia), one Solanum, one Cm-
curbitacea (Cucumis africanus), one Crwci/em (Farsetia linearis),
three SM^mm ^WSm^m tiren% Altts^ i(|>^<^.)V oîie IWiaem
(Grewia spec), one Cistinea (Helianthemum spec), one Acan*
thacea (Acanthus carduifolius), four Gramine€Bf one Ci/peracea,
l?hei^ were, tewe^r, tio large Umh&^ ti*ees, tbbu^ edible
berries of a sub-acid taste were supplied from a Helianthemum
and a Grewia. Between Waramilli and Naga Koomi the
shrubs of the BaJsamodeiiôn myrrh a were fiM disc6vfe#ed>
and these continued as far as the Hawash. Grass too is met with
on the wide plains. Large camel-thorn acacias, and a strange
tt*6e t># fe* family Capparid6a, itt itttei^vafe Intcrru'pt theTittifo*m
desert waste but even the luxuriant vegetation which prevails

;
on the banks of the Hawash contains little besides the Tamarix

aMcana.
A high jungle of Acacia extends near the plain of Azboti,
supplying an abundance of sweet gvim arabic^ and the last
stage i6 Bathira h îiciittibere^ with th6 Aloe #c<K>trifia.
There are also many fine forest trees in the valley of Koka'i,
amongst which the Tamarindus indica stands conspicuous but ;
no eultivation whatsoever is to be seen during the entire progress

upwards of three hundred miles from the jsea-'eoast to the
îtfeen hills of Abyssinia.
i,I»J^llfDIX, No. ill
DESCRIPTION OF THE FRANKINCENSE TREE, AS FOUND NEAR

CAPE GUARDUFOI, ON THE SOMAULI COAST, BY CAPTAIN
CGMÂNT*^S siôoJ? m WAR «^<5trvi.'^
At Bunder Cassim, about one hundred miles to the eastward

of Berbera;, the mountains come close down to the coast. Th^r^
is said, lead to a fine climate, and to a beautifully fertile country,
abounding in the elephant, the rhinoceros, and the lion, and
ik%0if pOf^tdnteif "bf fîoni tribes. Several Hvers titfe^ tfe^
sOlirice in the high land, and, flowing to the southward and
îm^vdf fall into the Indian Ocean^ 4° or 5° north of the
The chief town of the Miggertheyn Somauli is at Bunder

Maryah, which lies twenty miles S. W. of Ras Feeluk. The
ra;TigWW M6y6 aliîit J^d^^ Mt!iiid% îfd 'tiife^ mit^s^ Ird^hi
the shore. Ascending 1000 feet, a wide plain presents itself,

bounded on every side by precipitous mountains studded with
tfh^ firaiiktiêi^se and gum aitraeidr "tte^) Mt Itjoking bare and
liaked from the total absence of underwood.

The frankincense assumes the niost singular aspect^ from the
fact of its ibVaHatBly grdwittg fr6tti' tM Ibate afi3 ^nôth didfes
qf the white marble rocks of which these hills are composed,
T^rithout any soil whatever to nourish it. Many of the trees
RfiH?e-eVen atkeheil ttoisetVei^ to^ the huge tm^km iâtrlidvi^
rolled down into the valley, and now lie scattered over the
^tan; surface. From t}ie ba^^^f the trunfc ai?c! about treble
iU diametei*, a very ronticl ^teek i&ctbstatree W
Tp*oitiftt3eti, df a '
nature between bark and wood. This adheres most firmly to

the stow% an4 M
f di^t^^ rêwtbles a mixture of mortar and
lime. Ftoio. tti^ Cfentrd of thfe ittâsS tfee-^tem, having first taken
a bend or curve outwards of several inches, rises straight up to
a height of forty feet. It throws from the top short brancbes
covered with a very bright green foliage, the l^te^ iilEi*-'
row and rounded at the end, five or six inches in length by

one broad, crimped like the frill of u sjiirt; or rather bearing
a stronger resemblance to that beau#iiV s^.^^^ <ff s^^'^lif^
found along the coast of Eng]toi4, tiitf «%^ted by Wilhins
« the old gentleman's ruffles."
From a foot to eighteen inches is the usual girth of the stem,
gradually away to the summit. The bark is
ife âfJieaPS
perfectly smooth, and consists of four distinct layêr^ The

outermost of all is very thin, and similar to that df the befedh,
5^#iw^ Ii^ #trof resembling oiled
letf^r-paj^? perfectly mwp0m% md of a beautiful amber

428
colofe It is titsed bf IliB Ssâtills i6 wsifce xipm. The im&t

bark of all is about an inch thick, of a dull-reddish hue, tough,
and not unlike but yielding a strong aromatic perfume.
leather,
I1iew<5aid fe ^Wte iLhi st>ft, aiid might 1^ ^^cîed to nian^
useful purposes. By making a deep incision into the inner rind,
the gum exudes profusely, of the colour and consistency of milkj
Mt Mrd^M^jg too a iâss by expbMre t® the at!H6s|>teê.
The whole mountain range from Bunder Maryah to Cape
Guardufoi composed of limestone and marble, and near the
is
latter place ^spem^lty 'the marMj^fe sowMte sitid ^wl-e thsit it

approaches to alabaster. Pink and greyish black are also com-
mon colours, and in parts it might be mistaken for sandstone,
ivntii tshipped otf i?pftli the hsimmeii On the pkiii vMted îi'e
frankincense is nowhere
be found resting upon the ground,
to
or upon any sort of soil, and the purer the marble to which it
adheres the finei* the growth of *he tree. It would seem that
this singular production of the vegetable world derives its sole
nourishment from carbonate of lime. The young trees pro-
duce the be^t and most vallt^fe guift; iê Îder merely yielding
a clear glutinous fluid resembling copM varnish, and exhaling a
strong resinous odour.
!Dui4ng the sOuth-west liionsoon the pastoM tribes in the
neighbourhood of Ras Feeluk collect large quantities of frank-
incense, which they barter to the Banians^ of whom a few rîîde
at tie villages along Ihe JLbyssinian eoast, Bos^ ^ftoi^ If^
ettlto, from other ports oel the ôpposite Atafeiajei ^siwr ajso
arid
mtm aci^^ diirittg the fine seas©a a»4 mtry away the gums
tfeat -haV^ befe^ M^MnlAted, and wlfieb are exchanged for a
coarse kind of cotton oloth worn by the Somaulif
E»fD or THE FIRST VOLtJIÊ.
New-Stpfêt-Sûare.
A C^Ltabgtte of 'Kew Wor^ and Editions,
printed for Longman^ Brown, Green, and
Bonglbaiis,. Lon^^n.—JVoêmd^ 30^ 1843.
Pages Pagfes
AGRICULTURE ANP RURAL Com-
Lorimer'e Letters to a Toung M'Colloch's Dictionary of
AFFAIRS. Pages Master Mariner - - - 16
Manual for Mechanics' Institutions 18 S(«eii»
B&yldon On valuing Rents, ftc. - 3
Maunder'B Treasury of Knowledge 20
" the Valuation of Pro- *» and Literary
Scientific
perty for Poor's Rate - - - 4
7
Treasury - - - ib. GEOGRAPHY & ATLASES.
Crocker'B Land-Surveying - - « Treasury of Hiatory and
Davy'a Agricultural Chemistry ^- 7 BuUet's Sketch of Ancient and
Geography ib.
Modem Geography - 6
Johnson's Fanner's EncydopaDdift li _
----- icalTxeaaury- ib.

•* Biographical " Atlas of Modem Geography ib
Loudon's Eocycloptedia of Agri- Riddle's Latin and Ea„ EngUah Die- " "
culture 17 Ancient do. - - ib.
tionarlee - - - a*aod25 Hall's New
General Atlaa - - 10
Low's Elements of Agricnlture - IB - - 26
ShortWhist - 7 -
M'CuUoch's Dictionary, Geogra-
** Breeds of the Domeaticatea Thomson'e Doouatic Management
17 phical, Statistical, and Historical 20
Animals of Great Briteun - of theSlekllwm - 20 * ^®
mitiieyteAgtiCttlturalGeologT - 8» Malte-Brun'B Geography - .
Tosnlina'i Lav Dictionarx - - 3U Maunder'fi Treasury of Geography

WalttiagiiCefiiin&yotti--. » •* 8i
and History - - *
,
" ^0
ARTS, MANUFACTURES, Murray's Encyclop. of Geography • 22
Walker's British AUas - - - 81
AND ARCHITECTURE. BOTANY AND GARDENING
Brande's Dictionary of Science, IN GENERAL. HISTORY.
Literature, and Art
Qivilt's
ture ------
Encyclopsdia of Architec-
Limdon's Encyclopttdia of Cottage.

1
Herbal «
Callcott'fl Scripture
Conversations on Botany
Drummond's First Steps to Botany
•
-
Glendinning On the Culture of the

6
7
8
Addison's History of the Knights
Bell's
Templars -
History of Russia
Bloomlield'8 Translation of Thu-
Furmtnre "''''}:
Farm^ and villa ArchitecturB rtnu Pine Apple - - " .5 cydides - - - . -
•
Porter's Manufacture of Silk -

•« ««
-
Porcelain ifeGlaaa
2
il
Grigor's Eastern Arboretum •
Henslow's Botany - - " "
Hoare On Cultivation of the Grape
•.10 Cooley's History of Maritime ttad
Inland Discovery
Crowe's History of France -
...
Savage's Dicaonaxv of Printing - 5
Vine on Open Walls - - »b.
Ure'B Dictionary of Arts, Manufac-
•
W Dunham's History of Spain and
Hooker's British Flora - - - Portugal -
tures, and Mines - „ - " " . " Icones Plantarum - io-
I - ** History of Europe dur-
Wftêa's Bgypt' Arts & Antiquities S
« Compendium of English ing the Middle A«ea - ib.
Ptora - - - -
1^ " History «t Utt Genoan
" Ditto in Latin - - »b.
» -
BIOGRAPHY. •« and Taylor's Muscologia "
Empire -
History of Denmark,
ib.
- - '
Aikia'ff I<lfi» of AddiBoa - * Britannica • Smden, and Norway - ib.
9dl>s Li«ea of the moat eminent Jackson's Pictorial Flora - -
J3 *
" History of Poland ib.
Britieh Poets - Knapp's Gramina Britanmca Fergus's Hiatory of United States
Biographical Dictionary of the ^- Lindlev'B Theory of Horticulture 16 "
-
of America _
*: ^ ~ . 0
cSty for the DiiTuBion of Useful « ' OutliMofthe First Prin- ,
Grattan'BHÎ%<^^«<l>a*^ - 10
Knowledge - - - .
' ." ciples of Horticulture - lb Halsted'a LJiS Of Kichatd 111. • 11 .
DOTer'B Lire of the King of Prussia «» Guide to the Orchard and Koichtley's Outlines of History - 14
Kitchen Garden ib
Dunham's Li*ea of the Early "Wn--
- -
History of England - ib.
ters of Great Bntain i " Introduction to Botany - 16 «« Elementary do. - ib.
«• Lives of the British '* Natural System of BoUny ib « History of Greece ib.
•
Dramatists - - - i' '* Flora Medica - - «« Elementary do. - ib.
FoTSter'B Statesmen of the Com-
««
«
School Botany
Synopsis of British Flw» to
'rT •f History of Rome ib.
monwealth of England - - «» Elementary do. - ib.
• }i
Gldg'B Lives of the most Eminent Lowibtt'a Hortue BritannicuB «• Hist, of Roman Empire ib.
British Military Commandete - i f« « Llgnosis Londmcnei* lb " Questions on tJic above
Harford's Life of Dr. Burgess
- ** EB/Cvelopaedia of Trees Histories, separate
- ib.
Jackson's Life of WdUnclon- -

]
.
' aid Shrubs- - W Laing's Kings of Norway
- -
-
-
.
15
tt « Gardening ib.
M'OStoeh'a Dictionary, Historical,-
James's Life of tlie BJw* jftlMO ; <
" Plant* * 11
« Lives of -Oift mlBetBmiHtftt ti GBographicaLandStatrttical 20
Foreign Statesmeii - - - « Suburban Garden KOA MackmtoS'8 flistoryof aîand - 18
Villa Companion - »b Maunder'B Treasury of Hirtoiynnd
Maunder'B Biographical Tieeaury
RoBCoe'B Lives of enancnt British
" Cemeteries and Church
yards - - - " ." 1 Moore^s I?isLry of Ireland - - ft
of the Landscape Gardemng and Rome, History of - - - - 83
KmieX^ Correspondence B,epton'8
iaadscape Architecture - -
Correspondence of tJie
J-tonrthDukeo^Bedfowi - ; Guide - Zp
RuBsell's
- 4
«b«l!ey'» Lives of themoBt«iffi»«w Eivere'B Rose Amateur's Fourth Duke of Bedford
Scott's History of Scotland - , 26
Literary Men of Italy,
Spain, and Portugal - — Sismondi'a Hifltoiry of the Fall of
47
« Lives of the most emment "
French Writers - - id. Hiatory of the itftUui
' 28
Smith's Memoirs of the Marquiade Republics -
Stebbing'B History of the Chxifltian
So^^LiVMOfthoBritiBh Adl OHRONOLOCY. Church - - -
- 4 " Hiatory of Reformation
Blair's Chronological 'Tables -
Tate'a Horatiua Restitulus
- - 2* Nicolas'sClironology of History
- ZZ SwitzerUnd, Hiatory of- -
26
Riddl^B Ecclesiastfcal Clu-onology 29
Tate's Horatius Reatitutua - -
BOOKS OF GENERAL Wathea'aCiwonology ofAnc. Egypt 3»

UTILITY.
8
Donovan's Domestic Economy -
"
COMMEftCE AIM> WPRfcAN-
Hand-hook of Taste " "
}{ TILE AFFAlRSi Book
Boy's (the) Country
•TaW^Hjgjdibook : S XiOrimer's Letteia to
'f- Own Book*
L44ie»Mte6lf«^»«)*'**
—
Piters ONE'VOU tMj»MmAt TH£^Set£NCES IN GENERAL

Mareet'a ConvrrsotionB
On tiifi HiNtoi-y of England - IB
AND 9tqi?55a%^^ AND MATHEMATICS.
Pages
On Chemistry' - '- - ib. Blaine's tijfejtTfipiBdib' «f ^koH BakeTTcU's introductidn to Geology 3
. On Natural Philosophy ' - -
Sports -v-
- - - ^^4 Brande's Dictionary of Science,
Br.m<li.'s Dictionary of Science, Literatur*-, and Art - - - 5
Litsrature,and Art - _ - g Brewster's Optics - - - - Hj.
Copland's Dictionary of Medicine - 7 Bisrhoff On the Heat of the Globe- 4
The Qante of Grammiir - ib. Gwilt'8 Encyclopedia of A«dvtec« £^pv«VÛon9 on Mineralogy - i
** Mary's Granrniar - - - ib. ture - - - - . /. J^la %^ Beche On the Geology cf
*' John Honkia»'» Notioiw of J olmson'BFarmer's Eacxfe|Q|Nl4»y if Cornwall, Ac. - ib.
PpJitical Economy - - ib.
Loudon's EncyclopsBit^tf--: Donown's Chemistry
f .f^Ûy^Holidaya - - - ib. Trees and Shmtw ^ H « Farey On tho Steam Engine - -
- • - g
6
*r JBtoHes for Young Gurdi-ning ' - V» v* a." ib.
Fosbrok« Oa the Arts. Manneis,
*'
^(Iltj«l*8
*
IThcSensonB-
"
Cbtldren
-
MMtei Jnan Beady
-
-
w
-
-
-
fb.
ib.
ib.
Agriculture
Fhintit
U'CuUoet)^ Dictionary,
----- - -
Gcosro-
- 17
ib.
ManuiVictui-es^
of the Greeks and Rollins--
Greener's Sclenct: of Gunnery
and Instituttoos
- 9
^ IQ
phicn]. Statistical, " On the Gun - - - lb.
MEDICINE and Historical - 20 Herechcre Natural Philosophy • 11
•Diclionarv, practical. " Astronomy - - - ib.
• Theoieticril, &c. of Holland's Manu.''actiirc8 in Metal « 11
Miiunecmint of X^lMren -
Commerce - - ib. Kane's Elements of Chemtsiry
CMjI.ind's lHcUrtn.iry of Medicine -
Elfiotson's Hum.nn ^hvBiology
Frankuxn On Enlarged Abdomen
f.liy ------
Murray's EncyclopiEdia of Geogra-
Savafê's Dictionary of Printing -

22
2Q
14
H olla&d*« Medical Notes Urc'e Dictionary Qf Arts» Mftnufac> matics- - - - ib.

Macleod OMLBhgmwriMiaif turi'K, (iml Mine».-» — m * 81 Electricity & Magnetism lb
A^'ebster and PaljtlA'fe DOttie^tUt ** Arithmetic - - - ib.
Reece'8 Medical Gttido Economy - - - - - 33 *•Geometry - - ib.
_ ** Treatise on Heat • - ib,
MISCELLANEOUS. POETRY AMD THE DRAmA. LeceureB Q07«lAt-ised Light • - ib.
- Aikin'e(Dr.)BriUBhPoMs - - 26 Letebours* PltotograpbyJbyEgctton 8
BcU's lllustrntions of the 4 Litttligy
Boavrorth'B ADgto-Snxon DictiOBury 6
B.aillio's New Dramas - - 3 Lloyd On Light and yisiou - - 16
" Plays of the PaBsiona - Ib. Mackenzie's Physiology of Vision - 18
Bray^s Fhilowphy of NeoeBBitjr - A
Cavc-ndish'B Dcbatca - • e
Bow flier's Family SfiaKcapearo » 26 Marcet's (Mrs.) Conversations on
Clavcrs'si Format Ldfs » » - lb. Clialenof's "Walter Gray - - 6 the Sciences, &c > - 18^19
" PaetiRHUbsndlina • 6
Colton's Lacon - . - - 7
De Calabf eUa'.«i Priwoa of Thought 5U L.E.L.*8Poette«lW<*l» - - 15
^ '*Y'^[^g&&iBfti^
Oe Morgan On Frobabilities - 7
Lighter Hoars - - - - 10 NameoVElmenisoT Geometry r ih.
MacAUlay'8 Lays of Ancient Rome 18 Owen's Lecttu«s on Comp. Anatomy ib.
Dendy'sJPhilosoDhy of Mystery - lb.
Duhrlng's Art or Living * 8
Montgomery's Poetical ^Vor">u^ - ib. PameU On Roads - - - lb.
Good's flook or Nature •• • 0
Moore's Poetical Workb - - ib. Pearson's Practical Astronomy - ib.
Gr?iham'8 English - - - lb.
*•
Lalla Rookb, medium 8to. ib. PhiUipa'^ P^lnoxoic Fossila of
"
-
Helps to English Giammar ib.

" •» " fcp.%&. . ib., t 'CornwalL 4(0. - " ib,
Guest's Mubincigicm - * - 10
** «uU*to aeologr - ^ ib.
Holland's I'rogrtssivc Education - 11
Mdrat OfFloweA - > w lb. 4^ TNiiiseon G«ology - ib.
Boutbey's •Poetical "Work* - - 87 „ *y AiM«ot.toMin«ralogy lb.
]}cnvitb'B Kxiral Life of England - 12 "
,
British Poets - - - 2(J

Visitsto Remarkable Places ih.
Sniritof the Woods «• - - 27 Geology
•» Student-Life of Germ.iny- 13
** Rural and Domestic Life Tnomsou's Seasons - - - 30 ^î^T jSrv
****
ofGoimany - PoirtllflJuSSfphilosophy - - ib.

ib.
POLITICAL ECONOMY
-
Colonisation and Chris*' Richu4fl<iBl*« Geology - - -•

ib.
tianity - - - ^ ib. AND STATISTICS. Robetla'a Dictionary of Geology
Wilkinson's Engines of War -
-
-
20
32
Jeffrey's (Francip) Contributions to M'Cnlloch'8
The Edmburch Review w - li Wood On Railroads - - - lb.
Life of a Travellinc Phvaicisn 16
-
TOPOGRAPHY AND
Eseays ------
Mflcaulay's Critical ana Historical
Milne tin the Valuation of A nnuitics

18
Adam's
GUIDE BOOKS.
Gem of the Peak - - |
and Assurance on Lives, &c. - 21 Addison's History of the J3>in|ilai
il&Mvan 0& AeeuPAoces, Annuities, Church » H »'
RELIGIOUS & MORALWORKS. ^, "
.
Guide to ditto
"I
Flg^Sîai«. : : :% Bell's lUuntrntions of tiieUtnrgr -

Bellanij'B Bible .... 4
4
fitackV Tourist Of EnâUl t.' k
;. .|br
Bloomncld's Greek Testament - 5

" CoH^ and School do. ib.
" Greek & English Lexi-
con to NewTestamcnt lb. TRANSACTIONS OF
Btt»ler*s Oriental Customs - - ib.
CatioWs Popular Ca«chat«gy " 0 Bums's Christian Philodopby - 0 SOCIETIES.
Gi^v's7i;rurt9orMQUusCAtttAVlinaIs ID C'allcott's Scripture Herbal - - ib. Transactions of the Entomological
*' Genera of Hilda r t* - 'J
Dibdin's Sunday Librnry - - 28 Social^ - - 30
Kirhy ami Spf nce'e Ent Doddridge's ramilv Expositor - 8 Zoologieal Society ib.
Lee'b Taxidermy • Englishman'sHeb.&Chidd.Concord. 8 ** Linn«aa Society- ib.
Fora't N«vr Dsvout Commuiucant 9 " Insti tution of Civil
«* Century of Ptayera - - ib. Engineers - ib,
mtbeStndy w Hoicoort's Doctrine of the Deluge 11
** Royal Institute of
History Kippia's Collection of Hymns, &?. - 14 ^ , British Architeeta lb.
Animals - Marriage Gift - . - - , 19 ProcMdisgsofffacSoolqgicAlSapietj 24
QuaUiupods O'SlllUvan Of tlie Apostacy pre-
BirdQ by St. Paul -
ilif.tud 22 TRAVELS.
rairkn's Domestic Duties - - ib.
Allan's Mediterranean - • . a
Peatoon's Praycra for Families - 23 China, Last Year in, - - - 6
Biddte'8 Letters from a Godfather- 25 De Custine's Russia - . . 7
lamcts -
y lb.
^bJiWOn's Grcek&EnglishLexicon Harris's Highlands of Ethiopia - 11
MnlacoloCT
Habits an^
_ • *'
tilvM»«r,
^ „ . ^ t<>
SMrffflrf'sEnglishFcmaleWorthies
tê New Testament ib.
ib.
Laing's Notes of a Trareller -
" Residence in Norway
-
-
16
ib.
A&imals 'L " Female ImprorenMnt - 26
" Tour
Sweden in - - ib.
<- ih. !!
iBofthcBrltiBhUltnib ai
'* On Woman <• — m, iH. Mlknjat'B Travels of MoBi. Violet - ,19
^.-lysonNatwralWst. ib. Tate's History or8t. l*i!d. • . 3» TiOstsnraOhsetVataonsifBîM^ vt'fl
„ -
rttttvothl'BClaseification of Insects 32 Tayler's Dora Meldev - - i 29

» Margaret; or, the Peart - 29
NOVELS AND WORKS OF Turner's Sacred History- - - 30 VETERtNARV êdlClNt
Wardlaw'n Si-rmoas
FICTION. "
- - - 31
On Socininn Controversy ib, AND AFFAIRS.
White Ob the Gospel Field's Teterioary Records - - 9
Blessinpttm's (Lady) McMlth - 21 > - - 32
Doctor (the) , - - _ , Morton's Vcterlaary Medicine - 21
7
Howitt's (Mairyl Ncighbomra - 12 - RURAL SPORTS. ^ « " Toxicological Chart ib.
«' Home - - .
PercivnU'a Hippopatholocy - - 23
ib Bainbridge's Fly-fishcr's Guide - 3
" " President' sHatighterft 13 _ *' Anatomy of the Horse - ib.
Blaine's Dictionary of SpOrta • A SpooBcr On the Foot and Leg of
" " Strife and Pence
inoonann's King Eric and Uic
- 13 Hansard's Fishing in Wales < -
Hawker'B Instrucuoasto Sportsmen ib.
H tlte Horse - - - 28
OliOawB:. - - -
" OnthelnaaenzaofHorsaa ib.
- 13 Martingale's Sporting Scenes
-
- 19 Thomson's Animal Cliemieiry - 29
19 HpnaJds's Fly-fisher's Entomolocy 25 Turner On tho Foot of the Hone • 81
Tih 6 Thacker's CourscrêmaaibrMccr 29
ws ao.
I
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HALSTED,-LIFE AND TIMES OF RICHARD THE THIRD,

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17
LOTJDON -AN ENCYCLOPJIDIA OP AGRICUITURE:

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LOUDON.-AN ENCYCLOPAEDIA OF PLANTS;

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LOUDON. -THE SUBURBAN GARDENER AND VILLA

COMPANION: Suburban
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LOUDON.-HORTUS LIGNOSIS LONDINENSIS;

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LOUDON. -ON THE LAYING-OUT, FMfING, AND

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LOW.-TflB BREEDS OF THE DOMESTICATED ANIMALS

Of Great David Lovi^, Esq. F.R.S.E. Professor of Agriculture in the
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Bnondinir Member of the Conseil Royal d' Agriculture de France, of the
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m
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FTprfSHQr {^w:iia«««t«94fi4 ttJolwttW^ Wavaluahtel*^^ J» theGAUDENEn's Chi
meiLmf,--mtS0AS 0^ iistorical om^

jfcofîms Right
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SPOONER-A TREATISE ON THE STRUCTURE, EUNC-

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A Statistical Description of that Country
its Laws, Commerce, Resonrêai^ Bifl^îi iîtlS^fCfttîy-
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J. H. Spry
*»
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— Jîf I — r- • ^
•
^ .. ^ ^ ..
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Jl' I» Vi^. 8V0. d98. ftT, cMh.
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TURNER.-A TREATISE ON THE FOOT OF THE HORSE,

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tJjStni%U^¥,C, ^^^^
TURTON^S (DRJ MANUAL OF THE LAND AND FRESH-

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is
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^jB?fc*»Uthor of these amusing hints cannot be a more enthusiastic
„ - .
r
for many a year in the days of yoie
SMiêeef enioyment to us in theland of its legitimate home m
able to mdulgo such nas
lOurs dc f6te !' we are now too old and rheumatic to be
twialeB CC8i j<
Krl howêverpvho younger and more active thaa ou«elves,«nd
means/cannot do bettor than\enefit by the fY^^"' j't'^î^^^^^^
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'
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coloured Platei 16s. cloth. London, 1S42.
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ta. 6d. cloth.
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M MlIIKrADS, AND
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YOUNG MDIES^ BOOK (THE)

A Manual of Elegant Reei:gi)$$4l)& llxeeqtM jftHil purani^B., 4|b,Witto% ytitih tniêrotsa
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II,' ^
>
Vrf' '
It

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THE

DURING EIGHTEEN MONTHS' RESIDENCE

THE CHRISTIAN COURT OF SHOA.

hldloiras, Toi Six^a SeSaiarai, t^xo-TOi avdpwu,

!3Jie abo^$ regulations tqmMjin force in our Dependenoies and

London, Jan. 1844.

MAJOR ¥. COMWALLIS HARRIS,

AUTHOR OF " WlIiD SPORTS IN SOUTHERN AFRICA," " PORTRAITS OF

mBTmtmms Mmmmm %t mm mcmTARY

Bombay Castle, 24th April, 1841.

I am directed to inform you, that the Honourable the

of the Honourable Company's ve^^df war, at present in the

Escort and Eitablisbmeiiti

T'wtt -fej^aEts and" ilfee^ itmU--smA 'roluteert tmm H, M«

Written in the heart of Abyssinia, amidst mani-

ing pages will be found redolent of no midnight

zealously directed under the auspices of a liberal

^^gfapMâl and scfeii'îa |m0Î#g% the advance-

Mil ibr the introduction of

the fgf^oiq^ es:tpact fmm his instruetiaii% mil

propriate as his due the very gratifying encomium

0i di $f of a pen, m^h m a¥e m% offetB t#

t^M -wb w^e as^ii^ted with himself in view

plBted, the Author here offers his warm acknowledg-

and privations. Of the able assistance of SQme he

% ih^ Mmmm^ Krapf the ikmk&. Oo-

:ffiLeifcg4te m$U§ WmiB of this C5^0*tsp4t^

By no tribttte of his own could the writer of

theless be satisfactory to one who takes rank

testimony which is due to the undeviating accuracy

north-eastern porticMii «rf MAm hm^amm-'^t^

Ankober, 1st January, 1843.

The length of time that has unavoidably elapsed

Disembarkation at Cape Aden - - - 7

The Gibraltar of the East - - - 23

Toyage across the Gulf of Arabia - * - 30

Cast anchor at T^Ara on the African coast - « 88

Eeceptioa of the itotbi»y by the Sultfc M tlie iei-pof%

."Mlq^t — %0 S^i-iMpl0ii^%-i*epi3#ei life j^felgfr*

Kaloo, a Den of Thieves in the Woema Territories. — Ba-

A Igfe of ii© i^tot of . . - « 2t0

Tbe oMte-ejti fttoilr* .Bi^^ _imi: f&t $tofM of

iDinomali. — Greetings from the NegoOs at Mrrli oa the

A parting tribute of Gratitude inscribed i<> th^ People of

Dedication to the Queen,

King Solomon on his throne. — The angel Gabriel. — The arch-

the bull. — The lions of JEthiopia, — The im|>erial drwms*

Feontispiecb • Adalel Warriors,

Map qw Abyssimia (mfmepage 1%

Pj|#OTls«E0B * SHiela S€lls$i% t%t King of Shoa.

a/iil /".v/ (UiilunitU'S

ofihr nfn.ri hut i/iiy rtrtlo havn ptvrtiind

Arcl t'\ Waiua

OF THE BRITISH EMBASSY ^HB

i^m OTL tile- n^^tm&&^ in

iioMj when a dark column of smoke, streaming

expressed to the parties that had eml^feidj before

Auckland," bound tipmBir maiden wy^ej shot

lined the pier and the ramparts of the saluting

the d^stliiprtKsii of its iimuiaersibl^^ boxes,

in aiffi&fes fiM^ti^l ^iice the introduction of the ma-

Marked by Sk ploughed m3m^ llt^ -Wk^^^

was demonstrated midway of the voyage by a tall

posing 6«mt3i% llfce gi^>^ ship steadily pursued her

."Mlq^t — %0 S^i-iMpl0ii^%-iepi3#ei life j^felgfr