CONTOH

MODEL PENGEMBANGAN BAHAN AJAR

1. Berbasis teks:

(model pengembangan bahan ajar untuk teks)

Section One

Activity 1
Your teacher may ask these questions.
Discuss with a friend.

 Do you tell your past experiences?

 What do people say to start a story about their past experience?
 Do you write a diary?
 Do you write your past experience in your diary?

Activity 2

The words in the box are things people write on. Match the words with
the questions.

diary biography magazine tabloid

diary biography magazine tabloid
newspaper dictionary history book
newspaper dictionary history book

1. What is a thin book that you buy each week or month?

2. What is a newspaper with a lot of photographs in it?
3. What is a story of someone’s life written by someone else?
4. What is a book that tells you about past events?
5. What is a small notebook in which you write what has happened during your
day?
6. What do you call sheets of paper with words and pictures printed on them?
You read this to find out about world events.
7. What is a list of words and their meanings arranged in alphabetical order?
Activity 3

The Simple Past Tense: Statements

To tell something that happened in the past you use simple past tense.

- How do you do that?

- It’s quite simple. Change the verb into the past tense form.

Verbs in the past tense often end in –ed or -d.

The verbs are called regular verbs.

a. Change these regular verbs from the present tense to the past tense.

Today we Yesterday we
started
stay started
asked stayed
look asked stayed
looked
start looked
baked
ask baked
bake

b. Now try these tricky ones. These are irregular verbs.

They don’t get –ed to change into the past tense.

Today he Yesterday he
goes
eats lost made
lostwas made
ate
makes
atewent
was
is went
lose

Activity 4

Complete these irregular verbs. Use your dictionary to get help. Then
compare your list with a partner’s.

Base Form Simple Past Tense

a. do did
b. come ____________
c. see ____________
 d. wake ____________
e. feel ____________
f. ____________ drove
g. make ____________
h. ____________ wrote
i. buy ____________
j. ____________ read
k. have ____________

Activity 4

The Simple past: questions and negatives

We make questions and negatives with did and didn’t.

Example:
Did you get up early yesterday? Yes, I did.
Did Tina get up early yesterday? No, she didn’t.
We didn’t watch football match last week.
They didn’t watch football match last week.

 Simple Past Question

Did
Did++Subject
Subject++base
baseform
form++……? ?

didn’t
 Simple Past Negative didn’t
==
did
didnot
not
Subject
Subject++didn’t
didn’t++base
baseform
form++……

With a partner, try to ask questions and answer based on the pictures
below. Do as the examples.
Examples:

1. A: Did Tina get up late yesterday?

B: Yes, she did. She got up at seven.
 2. A: Did she go to school?
B: No, she didn’t. She stayed at home.

3. A: Did she have breakfast at 8:00?

B: No, she didn’t. She had breakfast at 7:30.
Activity 5

These pictures show what Tina did on a holiday last weekend.

gambar
gambar seorang
seorang Tina
Tina
Tina
Tina bangkit dari
bangkit dari makan
makan pagi
pagi pukul
pukul
tempat
tempat tidurnya
tidurnya 7.30
7.30
pukul
pukul 7.00
7.00

a. get up at 7.00 b. have breakfast c. wash the dishes

gambar
gambar
Tina
Tina
mencuci
mencuci pakaian
pakaian
pukul
pukul 8.00
8.00

d. wash her clothes e. watch TV f. stay at home

a. Now, take turn with a partner to tell what Tina did that holiday.

You may begin the story as the following. Don’t forget to change the verbs
into the past tense form.

Hi.
Hi. Listen.
Listen. II want
want to
to tell
tell you
you something.
something. ItIt was
was aa
holiday
holiday yesterday. Tina did not go to school, and
yesterday. Tina did not go to school, and
her
her mother
mother waswas not
not home.
home. SoSo she
she had
had to
to do
do all
all
the
the housework.
housework.

She
She got
got up
up at
at seven.
seven. Then,
Then, at
at seven
seven thirty
thirty she
she had
had
breakfast.
breakfast. She
She washed
washed the
the dishes
dishes after
after breakfast.
breakfast.
Then,
Then, at
at 8.00
8.00 she
she washed
washed her
her clothes.
clothes.
After
After that
that she
she ….
….
Activity 6

Tina’s aunt, Najwa Shihab, worked late last night.

On her way home, she was robbed. She reported the crime to the police.
The police asked her questions and wrote a report.

a. Complete the police report with the past tense of the verbs. Make sure you
spell the past tense correctly.

Last night a man robbed (rob) Najwa Shihab. The robbery

_________ (happen) near the bus stop at Sudirman Street. At 10:00
p.m., Ms Shihab got off the bus and ________ (walk) toward the bus
stop. When she was near the corner, a man ________ (push) her and
_________ (grab) her purse. She _________ (scream), and he
_________ (drop) it. Then he _________ (escape) down Sudirman
Street.

b. These statements about the police report are all wrong. Discuss with a pair
to correct them. Number 1 is done for you.

Example:
1. Najwa left the office early last night.
Najwa didn’t leave the office early last night. She left the office late.
2. She went home by taxi. _____________________________________

3. The robbery happened near her office. _________________________

4. A man pulled her. __________________________________________

5. The thief took the purse away. ________________________________

6. The police caught the thief. __________________________________
7. Najwa cried. _______________________________________________
8. She walked toward a taxi. ____________________________________
9. The thief stopped at Sudirman Street. __________________________
10.The robbery happened before 10:00 p.m. _______________________
Section Two

Activity 1

a. Tina’s father had his birthday last night. Tina told her friends about
what she did with the family.

 Find out how her father celebrated his birthday.

 What did Tina eat at the restaurant?

Hi,
Hi,every
everybody.
body.Let
Letme
metell
tellyou
yousomething.
something.Last
Lastnight
night
we
wewent
wenttotoaarestaurant
restaurantwith
withmymyfamily.
family.You
Youknow,
know,itit
was
wasmymydad’s
dad’sbirthday.
birthday.
Well,
Well,we
weate
ateaapizza
pizzaand
andsalad,
salad,and
andthen
thenwe
weate,
ate,you
you
know
knowwhat,
what,some
someice
icecream
creamwith
withchocolate
chocolatetopping.
topping.
After
Afterdinner
dinneratatthe
therestaurant
restaurantwe
wewent
wenthome.
home.We
We
arrived home rather late.
arrived home rather late.
Tina also wrote the experience in her diary.
ItItwas
wasreally
reallyfun.
fun.

b. Answer these questions with a partner.

 How did Tina’s father celebrate his birthday?

 What did Tina eat at the restaurant?
 What did Tina and the family do after dinner?
 How did Tina begin her story?
 What did she tell her friends about?
 Did she tell the events in the order they happened?
 In conversations, people usually use expressions like: Hi, every body,
and well. Find the rest in Tina’s story.
________________ _______________ ______________
 How did Tina end her story?
 Do you like the story?
Activity 2

Tina wrote what she told in her diary.

Your teacher will read the entry for you.
But some words in the entry are missing.

Listen to your teacher and write the missing words in the blank spaces.

Wednesday, 18 April 2005

Wednesday, 18 April 2005
Dear Diary,
Dear Diary,
Last night I went to a restaurant
Lastmy
with night I went toItawas
_________. restaurant
my
with__________.
dad’s my _________. It was my
dad’s __________.
We ate ________ and salad then
Wesome
ate ate ________
ice creamandwithsalad then
_________ topping. with
ate some ice cream
_________ topping.
After dinner at the __________ we
After
went dinner
home. Weatarrived
the __________
home we
went home.
rather late. We arrived home
rather late.
b. Answer these questions.

1. Is the message in Tina’s story and diary different?

2. What expressions were not used in her diary? Why?
3. What words or phrases are used to order the events?

When you write in a diary you often use past tense. This is because you
usually tell what happened in the past.

4. Write the verbs in Tina’s diary here.

_____________ _____________ _____________ _____________

The verbs above are past tense. They tell us that the actions happened
in the past.

Tina did these things one after another.

5. Put these in the order they happened.

____ She went home.
 ____ She went to a restaurant.
____ She ate some ice cream.
____ She ate a pizza and salad.

Activity 1
Use the verbs in the list. Write the past form of the verbs. You may use some
words more than one time
go get eat do
make ride take
lose

Tom : What did you do this weekend?

Sue : I _______ up late on Saturday. I ______________ my bike in the park
in the morning. And my family and I _____________ lunch in the park
Tom : Did you do any work in the house?
Sue : Yes, I ___________ the sandwiches for our picnic in the park, and I
__________ the dishes after supper. What did you do this weekend?
Tom : I did chores all Saturday morning. First I _____________ my bed and
cleaned my room. I _____________ out the garbage, and then I
_____________ to the post office for my mother. Then I
_____________ my homework in the afternoon.
Sue : Did you do anything for fun?
Tom : Well, I played ball on Sunday, but my team _______________.

Section Three

Activity 1

Let’s create a story.

This is your basic story.

Try to add details.
The words in (brackets) should help you.
Do this in groups of four.

A truck driver stopped for a meal (where? when?).

The driver was eating and drinking (what?) when some
young men from a motor-cycle gang came in and started
causing trouble. They drank the driver’s drink (what?)
and ate some of his food (what?) . The driver did
nothing. He got up, paid the bill and left. One of the young
men spoke to the café owner. ‘That driver isn’t much of a
man,’ he said. The owner was looking out of the window and
replied, ‘He isn’t much of a driver either. He’s just driven his
truck over some (how many?) motor cycles.’

Example:
(Your group may come up with something like this.)

A truck driver stopped for a lunch at a small restaurant one afternoon. The
driver was eating fried rice and drinking coffee when some young men from
a motorcycle gang came in and started causing trouble. ….
Activity 2

Choose one of the group members to tell the class. Let him or her
practice reading it aloud in the group before telling it to the
class.

Section Four

Activity 1

Meet five of your friends.

Ask them where they were and what they did last weekend.
Then, fill up the table below.

Number one is done as an example.

You may use these questions to ask your friends.

 Where were you last weekend?

 What did you do? What time?
 What did you after that?
 What did you do then?

Name Event/Where?/When? Event/Where?/When?

Tina went to the Then, she bought a

1. Tina market in the morning tabloid at a
to buy some fruit. newsstand. After that
she went home.

2.

3.

4.

5.
Activity 2

Then, tell your friend sitting next to you about what your five
classmates did at last weekend.

Activity 3

With a friend, discuss what you can tell about what you did yesterday or
last weekend. Then, take turn to tell about what you did.

Follow these:
a. Use what Tina did last Sunday as a model.
b. Tell you what you did first, what next, … and last.
c. Take turn to practice telling to your friend.
d. Tell to the class.

Activity 4

Get ready to tell to your class.

Remember that you should:

a. begin your story by telling
- when and where it happened
- who the character was/were
b. tell the happenings in order they happened
c. end your story with good ending.

You could:

Tell about a car

Tell
Tell about
about accident you
something
something that
that Tell
Tell about
about
witnessed.
happened
happened toto your
your holiday.
holiday.
your
your pet.
pet.
Choose
Choose aa story
story of
of
your
your own.
own.
Tell
Tell about
about aa special
special Tell
Tell what
what happened
happened
day.
day. in
in the last
the last episode
episode of
of
your
your favourite TV
favourite TV
serial.
serial.
Activity 5

Now, it is time for you to write your story. Use the following plan to
write it.

Recount Plan

________________________
(Title)

Orientation : who, when, where

Series of events (events in the order they happened)

Reorientation: what happened in the end

Activity 6

Copy your writing for the classroom wall display. Put some illustrations
to make it interesting. Read other groups’ works to learn more about
recounts.