Submitted By

Muhammad Shoaib
Roll No:131
To
Sir Ahmed Raza
Topic :
 Image Enhancement
 Image Sharpening
 Image Feature Extraction
 Image Recognition &
Segmentation
Image Enhancement:
Image enhancement is the process of adjusting digital images so that the
results are more suitable for display or further image analysis. For example,
you can remove noise, sharpen, or brighten an image, making it easier to
identify key features.
Different Methods :
 Filtering with morphological operators
 Histogram equalization
 Noise removal using a Wiener filter
 Linear contrast adjustment
 Median filtering
 Unsharp mask filtering
 Contrast-limited adaptive histogram equalization (CLAHE)
 Decorrelation stretch
Example:
Image Sharpening:
Image sharpening is an effect applied to digital images to give them a sharper
appearance. Almost all lenses can benefit from at least a small amount of
sharpening. Sharpening is applied in-camera to JPEG images at a level specified
by the photographer or at the default set by the camera manufacture.
Capture Sharpening:
Capture sharpening aims to address any blurring caused by your
image's source, while also taking image noise and detail into
consideration. With digital cameras, such blurring is caused by the
camera sensor's anti-aliasing filter and demosaicing process, in
addition to your camera's lens. Capture sharpening is required for
virtually all digital images, and may be applied automatically by the
camera for photos which are saved as JPEG files. It also ensures the
image will respond well to subsequent rounds of sharpening.
Creative Sharpening:
Creative sharpening usually applied selectively, based on artistic intent and/or
image content. For example, you might not want to apply additional sharpening
to a smooth sky or a person's skin, but you may want to crank up the sharpness
in foliage or a person's eye lashes, respectively. Overall though, its use may vary
wildly from photo to photo, so creative sharpening is really a "catch all"
category. It's also the least used stage since it can also be the most time-
consuming.
Output Sharpening:
Output sharpening uses settings customized for a particular output device, and is
applied at the very end of the image editing workflow. This may include special
considerations based the size, type and viewing distance of a print, but it can also be
used to offset any softening caused by resizing an image for the web or e-mail.
Image Feature Extraction:
Image features, such as edges and interest points, provide rich information on
the image content. They correspond to local regions in the image and are fun-
damental in many applications in image analysis: recognition, matching, recon-
struction, etc
Extraction Techniques:
Image Recognition and Segmentation:
Image recognition, in the context of machine vision, is the ability of software to
identify objects, places, people, writing and actions in images.
Computers can use machine vision technologies in combination with a
camera and artificial intelligence
software to achieve image recognition.

In digital image processing and computer vision, image segmentation is that the
process of partitioning a digital image into multiple segments (sets of pixels,
also referred to as image objects). Image segmentation is typically used to
locate objects and boundaries (lines, curves, etc.) in images.
Image Recognition:
 Optical Character Recognition
 Face Recognition
 License Plate Matching
 Pattern Matching and Gradient Matching
Image Segmentation Techniques:
Thank You!