Group 3 [Md.

Ashiquzzaman & Amiu Shadik Utshab]

Construction waste
Construction waste consists of unwanted material produced directly or incidentally by the construction
or industries. This includes building materials such as insulation, nails, electrical wiring, shingle, and
roofing as well as waste originating from site preparation such as dredging materials, tree stumps, and
rubble. Construction waste may contain lead, asbestos, or other hazardous substances.

Much building waste is made up of materials such as bricks, concrete and wood damaged or unused for
various reasons during construction. Observational research has shown that this can be as high as 10 to
15% of the materials that go into a building, a much higher percentage than the 2.5-5% usually assumed
by quantity surveyors and the construction industry.
Construction and demolition materials consist of debris that is generated during construction,
renovation, and demolition of buildings, roads, and bridges. Heavy and bulky materials like the following
are some examples of construction and demolition materials:

 Concrete
 Wood
 Asphalt
 Metals
 Bricks
 Glass
 Rocks

Why recycle construction waste?

Waste from the construction and demolition industry represents over one third of all waste going to
landfill. Over 75 per cent of this is clean, excavated material, such as concrete, bricks and timber which
can often be recycled. At an individual level you can reduce and recycle construction waste when you
build a home or renovate an existing property.

Recycle construction waste to:

 minimise the amount of raw materials extracted from the environment
 minimise air and water pollution as a result of the extraction and processing of raw materials
 reduce landfill.

How to recycle construction waste?

You can help divert construction and demolition materials from disposal by practicing source reduction,
salvaging, recycling, and reusing existing materials. You can also buy used and recycled products and
materials.
 Reduce
When building only order what you need. When renovating only replace what you need to replace.

 Reuse
Reuse, sell, swap or give away building products wherever possible. With demand for vintage products
there are many people looking to reuse pieces from older-style homes.

 Recycle
Many building components and construction debris can be recycled. Concrete and rubble are often
recycled into aggregate and concrete products. Wood can be recycled into engineered wood products
like furniture. Metals like steel, copper, and brass are also valuable resources to recycle.

There are three methods for waste recycling:

 Site-separated: This uses multiple boxes for each type of waste. Separating construction waste
on the job site gives immediate feedback to everyone on the job and can help to ensure that the
project’s recycling goals are met. Site separation also promotes a responsible atmosphere on
the job site and is the best method for diversion goals. It does, however, take up more space
and requires a high level of supervision.
  Commingled recycling: This type of recycling uses one container. The hauler sorts everything
off-site. This makes it easier for the field staff to manage waste on-site. Commingled recycling
requires little storage space and is the best option for sites that are tight on space.
 Hybrid recycling: This type of recycling combines site-separation and commingled recycling. For
instance, one box for wood, one box for concrete, and one box for non-recyclable waste. Hybrid
recycling represents the best of both worlds. It optimizes the weight vs. sorting effort. The total
number of boxes can be reduced by working in phases. It reduces work for sorting haulers,
which reduces hauling fees.

For each project, the construction manager needs to assess the project
requirements and site location to determine the best waste recycling method to
use. Some questions to help with this are as follows:

1. How many waste containers do you have room for?

2. What will be their location on-site?
3. Will you use a trash chute?
4. Is it a high-rise site?
5. Is it a high construction and demolition diversion project?
6. Will there be enough staff onsite for required supervision
7. Will there be changes in the waste generated during the project?

using tools such as material flow analysis (MFA), substance flow analysis (SFA) and life-cycle
assessment (LCA).

project goal
 Detailed elaboration of the basic theoretical postulates,
 Detailed analysis of influential constructive and technological parameters in terms of the
optimal basic functions,
 Development of a theoretical model for determining the amount of construction and
demolition waste in urban areas,
 Development of an experimental model for testing the flows of construction and demolition
waste in urban areas, as well as identification of the procedure for determining parameters in
order to quantify the amount of construction and demolition waste,
 Conducting analysis concerning environmental impacts of construction and demolition waste.
 Reuse of Construction Waste in various construction projects
 reduction of construction waste effects of environmental sustainability
 This project aims to investigate the minimization of construction and demolition waste
management via a holistic approach.
 This project aims to investigate the minimization of construction and demolition waste
management via a holistic approach.
 This project aims at researching stakeholders’ behavior of waste reduction
 Reduce the conservation of raw materials decrease the cost spent on raw materials
 The study of prevent the illegal dumping of construction waste
 to develop a novel methodology to enable performance assessment of waste management
programs. Various factors influencing waste management in construction industry are
identified and analyzed using factor analysis, to group significant factors that affect waste
 management at construction execution level.

Waste management studies (এই প্রজেক্টে আমাদের কি কি বের করা লাগতে পারে)
 Estimation of construction waste
 Best waste management strategies
 Quantifying of waste streams
 Attitude and Behavior analysis of contractors towards waste management
 Attitudes and perceptions of construction workforce on construction waste
 C&D waste estimation during design Phase
 Exploring Critical Factors for waste management
 Waste Generation rates
 Effectiveness of implementing waste management plan


Technique used (building construction waste এ যে ধরনের techniques ব্যবহার করা হয়)
 Construction activity and waste load movements
 Dynamic Model approach
 Model Generation and field application
 Multinomial Regression
 Simple ranking Analysis
 Model generation and analytical expressions
 Index value to estimate relative importance between factors
 Analytical formula

Some Methods
 BUILDING ENVIRONMENTAL RATING METHODS
o BREEAM (Building Research Establishment Environmental Assessment Method)
o LEED (Leadership in Energy and Environment Design)
o CASBEE (Comprehensive Assessment System for Built Environment Efficiency)

Challenges we can faces

Data on construction waste at sites is hard to obtain from construction companies because there is lack
of documentation relating to waste management in most construction firms

 To overcome these problems a questionnaire was designed and distributed as an online survey.

Some Books about this Topic

Name Author Year
Recycling Construction & Greg Winkler 2010
 Demolition Waste: A LEED-
Based Toolkit
Tiny houses built with recycled Mitchell, Ryan 2016
materials : inspiration for
constructing tiny homes using
salvaged and reclaimed supplies
Recycled Aggregate in Concrete: Jorge de Brito, Nabajyoti Saikia 2013
Use of Industrial, Construction (auth.)
and Demolition Waste
Reuse of Materials and Alan Richardson (auth.), Alan 2013
Byproducts in Construction: Richardson (eds.)
Waste Minimization and
Recycling
Effective Front-End Strategies to Peter G. Rundle, Alireza 2019
Reduce Waste on Construction Bahadori, Ken Doust
Projects
Construction and Demolition Lauritzen, Erik K 2017
Waste Management: an
Integrated and Sustainable
Approach
Handbook of recycled concrete Fernando Pacheco-Torgal, Jorge 2013
and demolition waste de Brito, Joao Labrincha, Vivian
W.Y. Tam, Yining Ding
Life cycle costing for the John W. Bull 2015
analysis, management and
maintenance of civil
engineering infrastructure
Life cycle analysis and Caspeele, Robby, Frangopol, 2018
assessment in civil engineering: Dan M., Taerwe, Luc
towards an integrated vision:
proceedings of the Sixth
International Symposium on
Life-Cycle Civil Engineering
(IALCCE 2018), 28-31 October
2018, Ghent, Belgium

https://www.researchgate.net/publication/338380694_Construction_Waste_in_India_A_Structural_Equ
ation_Model_to_Identification_of_Causes
https://www.researchgate.net/project/Construction-Waste-Management-4
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/284266148_Waste_management_plants_and_technology_f
or_recycling_construction_and_demolition_CD_waste_State-of-the-art_and_future_challenges