AoPS Community 2007 National Olympiad First Round

National Olympiad First Round 2007

www.artofproblemsolving.com/community/c4362
by xeroxia

1 Let ABC be a triangle with m(A) b = 90◦ , |AB| = 4, and |AC| = 3. Let D be the foot of perpen-
dicular from A to [BC]. If P a point on [BD] such that 5|AP | = 13|P D|, what is |CP |?
√ √
9+4 3 56 14 37 5 5+3
(A) 5 (B) 15 (C) 5 (D) 13 (E) 5

2 What is the last three digits of base-4 representation of 10 · 3195 · 4949 ?

(A) 112 (B) 130 (C) 132 (D) 212 (E) 232

3 Let a < b < c < d be integers. If one of the roots of the equation (x − a)(x − b)(x − c)(x − d) − 9
is x = 7, what is a + b + c + d?
(A) 14 (B) 21 (C) 28 (D) 42 (E) 63

4 How many ways are there to partition 7 students into the groups of 2 or 3?
(A) 70 (B) 105 (C) 210 (D) 280 (E) 630

5 Let C and D be points on the semicircle with center O and diameter AB such that ABCD is a
convex quadrilateral. Let Q be the intersection of the diagonals [AC] and [BD], and P be the
intersection of the lines tangent to the semicircle at C and D. If m(AQB)
\ = 2m(COD) \ and
|AB| = 2, then what is |P O|?
√ √ √ √ √
(A) 2 (B) 3 (C) 1+2 3 (D) 1+√ 3
2 2
(E) 2 3
3

6 How many positive integers n are there such that n!(2n + 1) and 221 are relatively prime?
(A) 10 (B) 11 (C) 12 (D) 13 (E) None of the above

What is the sum of real numbers satisfying the equation 5 ?

 6x+5  15x−7
7 8 =
81 7 4 19
(A) 2 (B) 90 (C) 15 (D) 5 (E) 15

8 Starting from the number 123456789, at each step, we are swaping two adjacent numbers
which are different from zero, and then decreasing the two numbers by 1. What is the sum
of digits of the least number that can be get after finite steps?
(A) 0 (B) 1 (C) 3 (D) 5 (E) 9

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AoPS Community 2007 National Olympiad First Round

9 Let |AB| = 3 and the length of the altitude from C be 2 in 4ABC. What is the maximum value
of the product of the lengths of the other two altitudes?
√
(A) 144
25 (B) 5 (C) 3 2 (D) 6 (E) None of the above

10 How many positive integers n < 106 are there such that n is equal to twice of square of an
integer and is equal to three times of cube of an integer?
(A) 0 (B) 1 (C) 2 (D) 3 (E) None of the above

11 If 8/19 of the product of largest two elements of a positive integer set is not greater than the
sum of other elements, what is the minimum possible value of the largest number in the set?
(A) 8 (B) 12 (C) 13 (D) 19 (E) 20

12 In how many ways can 10 distinct books be placed onto 3-shelf bookcase in such a way that
no shelf is empty?
(A) 36 · 10! (B) 50 · 10! (C) 55 · 10! (D) 81 · 10! (E) None of the above

13 Let ABCD be an circumscribed quadrilateral such that m(A)

b = m(B)b = 120◦ , m(C)
b = 30◦ ,
and |BC| = 2. What is |AD|?
√ √ √ √ √ √
(A) 3 − 1 (B) 2 − 3 (C) 6 − 2 (D) 2 − 2 (E) 3 − 3

14 What is the largest integer n that satisfies (1002 −992 )(992 −982 ) . . . (32 −22 )(22 −12 ) is divisible
by 3n ?
(A) 49 (B) 53 (C) 97 (D) 103 (E) None of the above

15 What is the minimum value of ab + cd, if ab + cd = ef + gh where a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h are distinct

positive integers?
(A) 34 (B) 33 (C) 32 (D) 31 (E) 30

16 The sum of the largest number and the smallest number of a triple of positive integers (x, y, z)
is called to be the power of the triple. What is the sum of powers of all triples (x, y, z) where
x, y, z ≤ 9?
(A) 9000 (B) 8460 (C) 7290 (D) 6150 (E) 6000

17 Let K be the point of intersection of AB and the line touching the circumcircle of 4ABC at C
where m(A) b Let L be a point on [BC] such that m(ALB)
b > m(B). [ = m(CAK),\ 5|LC| = 4|BL|,
and |KC| = 12. What is |AK|?
√
(A) 4 2 (B) 6 (C) 8 (D) 9 (E) None of the above

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AoPS Community 2007 National Olympiad First Round

18 How many integers n are there such that n3 + 8 has at most 3 positive divisors?
(A) 4 (B) 3 (C) 2 (D) 1 (E) None of the above

19 If x1 = 5, x2 = 401, and
1
xn = xn−2 −
xn−1
for every 3 ≤ n ≤ m, what is the largest value of m?
(A) 406 (B) 2005 (C) 2006 (D) 2007 (E) None of the above

20 The 9 consequtive sections of a paper strip are colored either red or white. If no two conse-
qutive sections are white, in how many ways can this coloring be made?
(A) 34 (B) 89 (C) 128 (D) 144 (E) 360

21 Let ABCD be a quadrilateral such that m(A)b = m(D) b = 90◦ . Let M be the midpoint of [DC].
If AC ⊥ BM , |DC| = 12, and |AB| = 9, then what is |AD|?
(A) 4 (B) 6 (C) 9 (D) 12 (E) None of the above

22 Let n and m be integers such that n ≤ 2007 ≤ m and nn ≡ −1 ≡ mm (mod 5). What is the
least possible value of m − n?
(A) 4 (B) 5 (C) 6 (D) 7 (E) 8

23 A unit equilateral triangle is given. Divide each side into three equal parts. Remove the equi-
lateral triangles whose bases are middle one-third segments. Now we have a new polygon.
Remove the equilateral triangles whose bases are middle one-third segments of the sides of
the polygon. After repeating these steps for infinite times, what is the area of the new shape?
√ √
1 3 3 1
(A) √ (B) (C) (D) √ (E) None of the above
2 3 8 10 4 3

24 The integers from 1 to n are arranged along a circle such that each number is a multiple of
difference of its adjacents. For which n below such an arrangement is possible?
(A) 5 (B) 6 (C) 7 (D) 9 (E) 13

25 Let A, B, C be points on a unit circle such that |AB| = |BC| and m(ABC)
\ = 72◦ . Let D be a
point such that 4BCD is equilateral. If AD meets the circle at D, what is |DE|?
√ √
1 3 2 √
(A) (B) (C) (D) 3 − 1 (E) None of the above
2 2 2

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AoPS Community 2007 National Olympiad First Round

26 Let c be the least common multiple of positive integers a and b, and d be the greatest common
divisor of a and b. How many pairs of positive integers (a, b) are there such that
1 1 1 1
+ + + = 1?
a b c d
(A) 6 (B) 5 (C) 4 (D) 3 (E) 2

27 What is the sum of real roots of the equation

   
1 1 3 45
(x + 1) x + x+ x+ = ?
4 2 4 32

3 5 7
(A) 0 (B) − 1 (C) − (D) − (E) −
2 4 12

28 n integers are arranged along a circle in such a way that each number is equal to the absolute
value of the difference of the two numbers following that number in clockwise direction. If the
sum of all numbers is 278, how many different values can n take?
(A) 1 (B) 2 (C) 4 (D) 139 (E) None of the above

29 Let M and N be points on the sides BC and CD, respectively, of a square ABCD. If |BM | = 21,
|DN | = 4, and |N C| = 24, what is m(M
\ AN )?
(A) 15◦ (B) 30◦ (C) 37◦ (D) 45◦ (E) 60◦

30 Let (an )∞
n=1 be an integer sequence such that an+48 ≡ an (mod 35) for every n ≥ 1. Let i and j
be the least numbers satisfying the conditions an+i ≡ an (mod 5) and an+j ≡ an (mod 7) for
every n ≥ 1. Which one below cannot be an (i, j) pair?
(A) (16, 4) (B) (3, 16) (C) (8, 6) (D) (1, 48) (E) (16, 18)

31 A square-shaped field is divided into n rectangular farms whose sides are parallel to the sides
of the field. What is the greatest value of n, if the sum of the perimeters of the farms is equal
to 100 times of the perimeter of the field?
(A) 10000 (B) 20000 (C) 50000 (D) 100000 (E) 200000

32 We are writing either 0 or 1 to unit squares of an 8 × 8 chessboard. If the sum of numbers is

even vertically, horizontally, or diagonally, what is the greatest possible value of the sum of the
all numbers on the board?
(A) 32 (B) 48 (C) 52 (D) 56 (E) 64

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AoPS Community 2007 National Olympiad First Round

33 The tangent lines from the point A to the circle C touches the circle at M and N . Let P a point
on [AN ]. Let M P meet
√ C at Q. Let M N meet the line through P and parallel to M A at R. If
|M A| = 2, |M N | = 3, and QR k AN , what is |P N |?
√
3 3 √ √
(A) (B) 1 (C) (D) 2 (E) 3
2 2

34 For how many primes p less than 15, there exists integer triples (m, n, k) such that

m + n + k ≡ 0 (mod p)
mn + mk + nk ≡ 1 (mod p)
mnk ≡ 2 (mod p).

(A) 2 (B) 3 (C) 4 (D) 5 (E) 6

p √
What is the third digit after the decimal point of the decimal representation of
3
35 2+ 5 +
p
3
√
2 − 5?
(A) 8 (B) 5 (C) 3 (D) 1 (E) None of the above

36 Five points, no three of which are collinear, are given. What is the least possible value of the
numbers of convex polygons whose some corners are from these five points?
(A) 10 (B) 11 (C) 12 (D) 15 (E) 16

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