AoPS Community 2012 National Olympiad First Round

National Olympiad First Round 2012

www.artofproblemsolving.com/community/c4367
by xeroxia

1 Find the perimeter of a triangle whose altitudes are 3, 4, and 6.

q q q q
(A) 12 35 (B) 16 35 (C) 20 35 (D) 24 35 (E) None

2 Find the sum of distinct residues of the number 2012n + m2 on mod 11 where m and n are
positive integers.
(A) 55 (B) 46 (C) 43 (D) 39 (E) 37
√ √ √
Which one satisfies the equation 6+ x+ 3 6− x= 33?
p
3
p
3
(A) 27 (B) 32 (C) 45 (D) 52 (E) 63

4 How many f : A → A are there satisfying f (f (a)) = a for every a ∈ A = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7}?
(A) 1 (B) 106 (C) 127 (D) 232 (E) None

5 4ABC is given with |AB| = 7, |BC| = 12, and |CA| = 13. Let D be a point on [BC] such that
|BD| = 5. Let r1 and r2 be the inradii of 4ABD and 4ACD, respectively. What is r1 /r2 ?
(A) 1 (B) 13
12 (C) 7
5 (D) 3
2 (E) None

6 Which one statisfies n29 ≡ 7 (mod 65)?

(A) 37 (B) 39 (C) 43 (D) 46 (E) 55

7 How many f : R → R are there satisfying f (x)f (y)f (z) = 12f (xyz) − 16xyz for every real
x, y, z?
(A) 3 (B) 2 (C) 1 (D) 0 (E) None

8 In how many different ways can one select two distinct subsets of the set {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7}, so
that one includes the other?
(A) 2059 (B) 2124 (C) 2187 (D) 2315 (E) 2316

9 The chord [CD] of the circle with diameter [AB] is perpendicular to√
[AB]. Let M and N be the
midpoints of [BC] and [AD], respectively. If |BC| = 6 and |AD| = 2 3, then |M N | =?
√ √
(A) 4 (B) 3 2 (C) 21 (D) 5 (E) None

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AoPS Community 2012 National Olympiad First Round

10 How many positive integers n are there such that there are 20 positive integers that are less
than n and relatively prime with n?
(A) 1 (B) 2 (C) 3 (D) 4 (E) None

11 The number of real quadruples (x, y, z, w) satisfying x3 + 2 = 3y, y 3 + 2 = 3z, z 3 + 2 = 3w, w3 +

2 = 3x is
(A) 8 (B) 5 (C) 3 (D) 1 (E) None

12 How many subsets of the set {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10} are there that does not contain 4 con-
sequtive integers?
(A) 596 (B) 648 (C) 679 (D) 773 (E) 812

13 20 points with no three collinear are given. How many obtuse triangles can be formed by these
points?
(C) 2 10 (D) 3 10 (E) 20




(A) 6 (B) 20 3 3 3

14 What is the sum of distinct remainders when (2n − 1)502 + (2n + 1)502 + (2n + 3)502 is divided
by 2012 where n is positive integer?
(A) 3 (B) 1510 (C) 1511 (D) 1514 (E) None

15 If x4 + 8x3 + 18x2 + 8x + a = 0 has four distinct real roots, then the real set of a is
(A) (−9, 2) (B) (−9, 0) (C) [−9, 0) (D) [−8, 1) (E) (−8, 1)

16 Every cell of 8 × 8 chessboard contains either 1 or −1. It is known that there are at least four
rows such that the sum of numbers inside the cells of those rows is positive. At most how
many columns are there such that the sum of numbers inside the cells of those columns is
less than −3?
(A) 6 (B) 5 (C) 4 (D) 3 (E) 2

17 Let D be a point inside 4ABC such that m(BAD)

\ = 20◦ , m(DAC)
\ = 80◦ , m(ACD)
\ = 20◦ , and
\ = 20◦ . m(ABD)
m(DCB) \ =?

(A) 5◦ (B) 10◦ (C) 15◦ (D) 20◦ (E) 25◦

18 If the representation of a positive number as a product of powers of distinct prime numbers

contains no even powers other than 0s, we will call the number singular. At most how many
consequtive singular numbers are there?
(A) 6 (B) 7 (C) 8 (D) 9 (E) None

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AoPS Community 2012 National Olympiad First Round

19 What is the sum of real roots of the equation x4 − 7x3 + 14x2 − 14x + 4 = 0?
(A) 1 (B) 2 (C) 3 (D) 4 (E) 5

20 For each permutation (a1 , a2 , . . . , a11 ) of the numbers 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, we can deter-
mine at least k of ai s when we get (a1 + a3 , a2 + a4 , a3 + a5 , . . . , a8 + a10 , a9 + a11 ). k can be at
most ?
(A) 11 (B) 6 (C) 5 (D) 2 (E) None

21 The angle bisector of vertex A of 4ABC cuts [BC] at D. The circle passing through A and
touching to BC at D meets [AB] and [AC] at P and Q, respectively. AD and P Q meet at T . If
|AT |
|AB| = 5, |BC| = 6, |CA| = 7, then |T D| =?
7 7
(A) 5 (B) 2 (C) 3 (D) 2 (E) 4

22 How many integer pairs (m, n) are there satisfying 4mn(m + n − 1) = (m2 + 1)(n2 + 1)?
(A) 5 (B) 4 (C) 3 (D) 2 (E) 1

23 a, b, c are distinct real roots of x3 − 3x + 1 = 0. a8 + b8 + c8 is

(A) 156 (B) 171 (C) 180 (D) 186 (E) 201

24 There are 2012 backgammon checkers (stones, pieces) with one side is black and the other
side is white.
These checkers are arranged into a line such that no two consequtive checkers are in same
color. At each move, we are chosing two checkers. And we are turning upside down of the two
checkers and all of the checkers between the two. At least how many moves are required to
make all checkers same color?
(A) 1006 (B) 1204 (C) 1340 (D) 2011 (E) None

25 The midpoint M of [AC] of a triangle 4ABC is between C and the feet H of the altitude from
√
B. If m(ABH)
\ = m(M \ \ = 15◦ , and |HM | = 2 3, then |AC| =?
BC), m(ACB)
√ 16
(A) 6 (B) 5 2 (C) 8 (D) √ 3
(E) 10

26 How many prime numbers less than 100 can be represented as sum of squares of consequtive
positive integers?
(A) 3 (B) 4 (C) 5 (D) 6 (E) 7

27 What is the least real number C that satisfies sin x cos x ≤ C(sin6 x + cos6 x) for every real
number x?

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AoPS Community 2012 National Olympiad First Round
√ √ √
(A) 3 (B) 2 2 (C) 2 (D) 2 (E) None

28 At the beginning, three boxes contain m, n, and k pieces, respectively. Aye and Burak are play-
ing a turn-based game with these pieces. At each turn, the player takes at least one piece from
one of the boxes. The player who takes the last piece will win the game. Aye will be the first
player. They are playing the game once for each (m, n, k) = (1, 2012, 2014), (2011, 2011, 2012),
(2011, 2012, 2013), (2011, 2012, 2014), (2011, 2013, 2013). In how many of them can Aye guaran-
tee to win the game?
(A) 1 (B) 2 (C) 3 (D) 4 (E) 5

29 Let D and E be points on [BC] and [AC] of acute 4ABC, respectively. AD and BE meet at F . If
|AF | = |CD| = 2|BF | = 2|CE|, and Area(4ABF ) = Area(4DEC), then Area(4AF C)/Area(4BF C) =
?
√ √
(A) 4 (B) 2 2 (C) 2 (D) 2 (E) 1

30 How many integer triples (x, y, z) are there satisfying x3 + y 3 = x2 yz + xy 2 z + 2 ?

(A) 5 (B) 4 (C) 3 (D) 2 (E) 1

31 f : Z → Z satisfies m + f (m + f (n + f (m))) = n + f (m) for every integers m, n.

If f (6) = 6, then f (2012) =?
(A) − 2010 (B) − 2000 (C) 2000 (D) 2010 (E) 2012

32 How many permutations (a1 , a2 , . . . , a10 ) of 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 satisfy |a1 − 1| + |a2 − 2| +

· · · + |a10 − 10| = 4 ?
(A) 60 (B) 52 (C) 50 (D) 44 (E) 36

33 Let ABCDA0 B 0 C 0 D0 be a rectangular prism with |AB| = 2|BC|. E is a point on the edge [BB 0 ]
satisfying |EB 0 | = 6|EB|. Let F and F 0 be the feet of the perpendiculars from E at 4AEC and
4A0 EC 0 , respectively. If m(F \ EF 0 ) = 60◦ , then |BC|/|BE| =?
q q √ q
(A) 53 (B) 15 2 (C) 3
2 15 (D) 5 5
3 (E) None

34 If 10 divides the number 1 · 21 + 2 · 22 + 3 · 23 + · · · + n · 2n , what is the least integer n ≥ 2012?

(A) 2012 (B) 2013 (C) 2014 (D) 2015 (E) 2016

35 For every positive real pair (x, y) satisfying the equation x3 + y 4 = x2 y, if the greatest value of
x is A, and the greatest value of y is B, then A/B =?
2 512 729 3 243
(A) 3 (B) 729 (C) 1024 (D) 4 (E) 256

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AoPS Community 2012 National Olympiad First Round

36 k stones are put into 2012 boxes in such a way that each box has at most 20 stones. We are
chosing some of the boxes. We are throwing some of the stones of the chosen boxes. Whatever
the first arrangement of the stones inside the boxes is, if we can guarantee that there are equal
stones inside the chosen boxes and the sum of them is at least 100, then k can be at least?
(A) 500 (B) 450 (C) 420 (D) 349 (E) 296

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