sc 5 ch.

Multiple Choice
Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.

____ 1. Which of these is true of an ice cube?

A It is made of vibrating, closely packed tiny particles.
B It is made of clumps of particles that glide past each other.
C It is made of particles that spread out evenly to fill the container they are in.
D It is made of tiny particles that are far apart from each other.

____ 2. Which idea below describes the atomic theory?

A Atoms make up compounds.
B Atoms can be rearranged to form new elements.
C Most atoms are metals.
D Everything is made up of tiny particles called atoms.

____ 3. Diamonds and graphite are both made of carbon atoms. Why do they have different properties?
A The carbon atoms in diamonds contain more protons than those in graphite.
B The atoms in diamonds are harder than those in graphite.
C They are different compounds.
D The carbon atoms are connected differently in diamonds and graphite.

____ 4. Which of the following is NOT an example of a nonmetal?

A oxygen
B sulfur
C carbon
D iron

____ 5. How is the mass of an object measured?

A with a scale
B with a balance
C with a graduated cylinder
D with a thermometer

____ 6. What is the measure of the average amount of motion in particles of matter called?
A mass
B volume
C temperature
D color

____ 7. How can you find the volume of a lumpy rock?

A Suspend it from a spring scale.
B Multiply its length by its width by its height.
C Drop it in a graduated cylinder and record the change in water level.
D Place it on a pan balance and record the volume of water that has the same mass.

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____ 8. Which statement about the mass of an object is TRUE?
A It is the same as its weight.
B It is the same everywhere on Earth.
C It changes with physical changes.
D It is dependent on Earth’s gravity.

____ 9. Which is a scientific unit of weight?

A newton
B kilogram
C milliliter
D cubic centimeter

____ 10. Lemonade is an example of which of the following?

A crystals
B a solution
C a solid
D a solute

____ 11. Which of these is an example of plasma?

A ice
B metal wire
C neon lights
D filter

____ 12. What happens when the temperature of water changes from 10°C to -5°C?
A The water changes from a gas to a liquid.
B The water changes from a solid to a gas.
C The water changes from a liquid to a solid.
D The water changes from a liquid to a gas.

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____ 13. Look at the four containers below.

A B

C D

Which drawing shows what happens to the particles in water when the temperature of the water reaches
100°C?
A The particles stay close together.
B The particles continue to glide past each other.
C The particles move far apart.
D The particles are destroyed.

____ 14. The melting point of water is 0°C. Its boiling point is 100°C. The thermometers show the temperature of four
samples of water.

Which statement is true?

A Only sample B is solid.
B All four samples are liquid.
C Only samples A and C are liquid.
D None of these

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____ 15. Hailey is investigating changes in the states of matter. Wearing safety gloves and goggles, she is heating a
pan of water on a hot plate. She observes water vapor beginning to rise from the surface of the water. As the
water reaches 95°C, what can Hailey expect to observe soon?
A Drops of water dripping down the outside of the pan
B Bubbles of gas forming in the water
C The particles of water vibrating in place within the pan
D The particles of water moving together into a definite shape

____ 16. When you pull up on the handle of a bicycle pump, it takes particles of air into its cylinder. When you press
down on the handle, it presses the air particles closer together, as shown below.

A student wants to use a bicycle pump to change the shape and volume of a liquid. But, a note on the bicycle
pump says that it works only on gases, not on solids or liquids. Why does the bicycle pump work only on
gases?
A Only gases can change shape.
B Only gases have definite shape.
C Only gases can change volume.
D Only gases have definite volume.

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____ 17. Which diagram illustrates how the arrangement of water particles changes as heat is added to liquid water at
100°C?

____ 18. Which statement best describes water at 30°C?

A It is a gas without a definite shape.
B It is a solid with a definite shape and volume.
C It is a liquid with a definite shape.
D It is a liquid with a definite volume.

____ 19. What are the freezing and melting points of water on the Celsius scale?
A 100°C and 0°C
B 0°C and 100°C
C 0°C.
D 100°C

____ 20. What are the physical states of matter for helium, diamonds, and rubbing alcohol?
A Gas, liquid, solid
B Gas, solid, liquid
C Liquid, solid, liquid
D Liquid, solid, gas

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____ 21. On a warm day, a glass of ice water will form water droplets on the outside of the glass. What process causes
this to happen?
A Condensation
B Evaporation
C Boiling
D Melting

____ 22. What is the boiling point of water under normal pressure at sea level?
A 0°C
B 98.6°C
C 100°C
D 145°C

____ 23. What is evaporation?

A When particles rise and sink within a liquid
B When particles vibrate in place and become a solid
C When particles leave a liquid and become a gas
D None of the other answer choices

____ 24. What happens to the particles of a substance when the boiling point for that substance is reached?
A Liquid particles change to a gas.
B Solid particles change to a liquid.
C Liquid particles begin to rise and sink.
D None of the other answer choices

____ 25. Which of the following is true about a gas?

A It has a definite shape.
B It has a definite volume.
C It has a definite shape and volume.
D None of the other answer choices

____ 26. Lance wants to separate out the salt from a solution of salt water. How can he do this?
A Boil the solution until the water evaporates
B Freeze the solution
C Filter the salt water through a strainer
D Use a magnet to attract the salt

____ 27. Look at the picture of the blow-up toy in the pool. What states of matter are present in this scene?

A Solid and liquid

B Liquid and gas
C Solid, liquid, and gas
D None of the other answer choices

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____ 28. What happens when water vapor cools to below 100°C?
A It becomes a gas.
B It becomes a liquid.
C It freezes.
D It melts.

____ 29. Two different liquids are mixed together. Which statement will always be TRUE of the resulting mixture?
A The mixture has the same weight as the sum of the weights of the original liquids.
B The mixture has the same volume as the sum of the weights of the original liquids.
C The mixture has the same mass as the mass of only one of the original liquids.
D The mixture has the same color as the color of only one the original liquids.

____ 30. What property will stay the same when a sample of warm water freezes?
A mass
B volume
C temperature
D size

____ 31. The point at which a liquid turns into a solid is called
A the melting point.
B the freezing point.
C the evaporation point.
D the boiling point.

____ 32. Solids dissolve more easily in

A hot liquids
B cold liquids
C room-temperature liquids
D warm liquids

____ 33. What is TRUE about the melting point and freezing point of a substance?
A The melting point is a cooler temperature.
B The freezing point is a warmer temperature.
C They are the same temperature.
D They are opposite temperatures.

____ 34. A mixture contains salt, sand, water, iron filings, and marbles. Ernesto carries out the following investigation
to separate the parts of the mixture:

Which part of the mixture is removed during step 3?

A Salt
B Sand
C Marbles
D Iron filings

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____ 35. In a plastic container Tyler has mixed 12 marbles with 8 small beads, 6 safety pins, 4 peanuts, and 3
spoonfuls of sand. Tyler observes that mixing the objects together did not change their physical properties.
None of these objects has changed shape or color, for example.

To separate the mixture into its original parts, Tyler uses a strainer and a second plastic container. When he
puts on his safety goggles and pours the mixture through the strainer, the sand falls into the second container.
The other objects remain in the strainer. What would be the fastest way for Tyler to separate the safety pins
from the other objects?
A By pouring water over the mixture and scooping out items that do not dissolve
B By placing the mixture in a container of water and scooping out the items that float
C By holding a magnet over the mixture
D By straining the items through a coffee filter

____ 36. A food scientist is experimenting with sugar crystals that will instantly dissolve in water. She adds the sugar
crystals to water. In her experiment, what is the scientist attempting to do?
A Change the properties of ingredients in a solution.
B Make a solute.
C Preserve the properties of the ingredients in a solution.
D Make a universal solvent.

____ 37. Choose one way that you can separate a mixture of metal paper clips and small pebbles.
A Use a magnet to draw the paper clips out of the mixture
B Pour the mixture through a strainer so only the smaller objects go through
C Pour the mixture into water; the pebbles will sink and the paper clips will float.
D Pour the mixture into water; the pebbles will dissolve and the paper clips will not.

____ 38. How might you go about proving that a mixture of peanuts, walnuts, and pecans still maintains the properties
of the original ingredients you mixed together?
A by adding in a new ingredient to the mixture and confirming its properties were the same
B by tasting several samples of the mixture and confirming their properties were the same
C by separating them from the mixture and confirming their properties were the same
D by chopping all of the nuts into smaller pieces and remixing them to see if their
properties were the same

____ 39. What change occurs to water and salt after you mix them together in a solution?
A The water becomes cloudy.
B The salt loses its hard shape.
C The water tastes salty.
D All of the other answer choices

____ 40. What is the best way to separate the chicken and noodles from the liquid of chicken noodle soup?
A Use a magnet.
B Pour it through a strainer.
C Evaporate out the liquid.
D Sort them out by hand.

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____ 41. When peas, carrots, and corn are combined, they form
A a mixture.
B a solvent.
C a solution.
D a new substance.

____ 42. Leland is using filtration to separate a mixture. What is he most likely trying to separate?
A Oil and vinegar
B Sugar and salt
C Sand and water
D Paperclips and erasers

Short Answer

1. What are the properties of metal that make it a useful material for electricians?
Many metals conduct electricity well and can be shaped into wires that bend without
breaking.

2. How could you change a molecule of water and make it a completely different substance?
To make a molecule of water a completely different substance, I would change the
number of atoms in it. I could also change the kinds of atoms or their arrangement.

3. A boy carefully measures the mass of a glass of water. Then he carefully measures an effervescent tablet. He
drops the effervescent tablet in the water and watches the resulting chemical change, which produces bubbles
of gas. After the tablet is gone he measures the glass and its contents. Will the total mass of the starting
materials be the same or different than the total mass of the materials after the chemical change? Explain.
The mass after the chemical change will be less. The gas produced by the chemical
change escaped and will not be part of the final measured mass.

4. How can two substances be made up of the same two elements but have very different properties? Give an
example.
The substances might differ in the relative amounts of each element. For example, carbon
dioxide and carbon monoxide are both made up of carbon and oxygen. However,
carbon monoxide has one less oxygen than carbon dioxide.
5. Explain how you would separate a mixture of water, sand, salt, and iron filings into its four component parts.
Use a magnet to separate the iron filings from the rest of the mixture. Then use a filter to
separate the sand from the salt water. Then, let the water evaporate to separate out the
salt.