SUPERSTRUCTURE DESIGN

SUPERSTRUCTURE DESIGN
PRE-STRESSED CONCRETE PROPERTIES

 Material: Pre-stressed Concrete

 Young’s Modulus ( E ) : 27782000

 Density : 24

 Poisson’s Ratio : 0.17

 Critical Damping : 2.8026E-44

LOADINGS

 DEAD LOAD
 Selfweight

 Superimposed DL(wearing surface, sidewalks, railing and utilities)

5.0 Dead Load/Moment : As simply supported

5.1Slab Weight ws = ts . Gs . gc ws = 10.08 kN/m

Moment Ms = ws . Ls2 . 1/8 Ms = 1,543 kN.m

5.2 Haunch Weight wh = th . Tt . gc wh = 0.77kN/m

Moment Mh = wh . Ls2 . 1/8 Mh = 117.91 kN/m

5.3Girder Weight wg = Ag . gc wg = 15.7 kN/m

Moment Mg = wg . Ls2 . 1/8 Mg = 2,403.45 kN/m

5.4Diaphragm
width wd = 0.25 m depth dd = 1.4 m
length ld = 1.90 m

Weight wd = wd . dd . ld . gc wd = 15.9 kN/m

Moment Md = wd . Ls . 1/3 Md = 182.7 kN/m

5.5 Post ( As continuous span )
width wp = 0.25 m depth dd = 0.25 m
height hp = 0.90m quantity Np = 20
Weight Wp = wp . dp . hp . gc . Np . 1/Ls wp = 0.386 kN/m

5.6 Railings
width wr = 0.20 m depth dr = 0.2 m
quantity Nr = 4
Weight Wr = wr . dr . gc . Np Wr = 0.96 kN/m

5.7 Sidewalk
width ws = 1.1 m depth ds = 0.25 m
quantity Ns = 2
Weight Ws = ws . ds . gc . Ns Ws = 3.33 kN/m

5.8 FWS Weight Wf = Rw . gw Wf = 1.92 kN/m

5.9 Superimposed Dead Loads/girder From FEA output

Weight Wsl = 6.596 kN/m Moment Msl =
 1. LANE LOADING
2. TRUCK LOADING
3. SIDEWALK LIVE LOADING
LOADINGS

 LIVE LOAD

AASHTO Standard Truck Loadings

 M 13.5 (H 15-44)
 M 18 (H 20-44)

 MS 13.5 (HS 15-44)

 MS 18 (HS 20-44)
 STANDARD AASHTO TRUCK LOADINGS

4.27 m

M 13.5 27 kN (3 tons) 108 kN (12 tons) 15 U.S. tons

H 20-44 M 18 36 kN (4 tons) 144 kN (16 tons) 20 U.S. tons

4.27 m 4.27 to 9.14 m

MS 13.5 27 kN 108 kN 108 kN 27 U.S.tons

HS 20-44 MS 18 36 kN 144 kN 144 kN 36 U.S.tons

EQUIVALENT LANE LOADING

M 13.5 and MS 13.5 Loading

Concentrated Load = 60 kN for Moment
= 87 kN for Shear

Uniform Load = 7.10 kN per meter of load lane

M 18 and MS 18 Loading
Concentrated Load = 80 kN for Moment
= 116 kN for Shear

Uniform Load = 9.40 kN per meter of load lane

For 1 girder analysis

18 kN 72 kN 72 kN

4.27 m
4.27 – 9.14 m

MS 18 (HS 20-44)

NOTE: Use additional 25 % for

superstructure loads
6.0 Live Load/Moment :
6.1 Wheel Load Distribution Factor
Gs
DF= DF= 1.25
1.676
6.2 Impact
15.24
I = I = 0.21
Ls + 38

6.3 Position of Wheel Load/Max. Moment - From STAAD Analysis

Location of Resultant Load Reduction in Load Intensity
RLI= 100%
203 kN
6.3.1 Truck Loading 23kN 90kN 90kN

4.27 m 1.42 m 2.85 m

4.27 m
Concentrated Load = 80 kN (for moment)
= 116 kN (for shear)

Distributed Load = 9.4 kN / m

4.27 m
4.27 – 9.14 m

NOTE: Use additional 25 % for

superstructure loads
 Moment @ Outer Left Wheel Load
90 kN . 4.27 m + 23 kN . 8.54 m
x = x = 2.85 m
203 kN
e = 4.27 m - x e = 1.42 m

23 kN 90 kN 90 kN
4.27 m 4.27 m

34.40 m

MTL =

6.3.2 Lane Loading

100 kN

w = 11.8kN/m

34.40 m

MLL=
 6.3.3Sidewalk Live Load
width ws = 0.75 m Live Load lls = 2.873 kPa
Weight wll = ws . lls wll = 1.08 kN/m
Moment Ms = 76.6 kN-m From FEA Output
6.3.4Design Live Load Moment
Mll = 1915.2 kN-m From FEA Output

7.0Calculate Stresses : M
f =
S
fb ft ft`
Member Moment Top Remark
Bottom Fiber Top Fiber
Fiber/Slab
* Slab 1491.0 kN-m 5.59 MPa 5.42 MPa - Basic !!
* Haunch 189.4 kN-m 0.71 MPa 0.69 MPa - Basic !!
* Girder 2320.0 kN-m 8.69 MPa 8.44 MPa - Basic !!
* Diaphragm 182.7 kN-m 0.68 MPa 0.66 MPa - Basic !!
* P/R, S&Fws 357.3 kN-m 0.97 MPa 0.39 MPa 0.60 MPa Composite !!
* Live Load 1915.2 kN-m 5.22 MPa 2.07 MPa 3.21 MPa Composite !!
Total 21.87 MPa 17.68 MPa 3.81 MPa
COMPARISON OF VEHICULAR
LOADING
Design vehicular load shall be the greater of:

Old AASHTO Standard Loading AASHTO LRFD Standard Loading

 HS 20 (MS18) truck load  HL-93 truck load plus design lane

load
 Alternate military load  Design tandem plus design lane
load
 Design lane load  90% of 2 trucks (HL-93) plus design
lane load
Vehicular live loading on roadways of bridges or incidental structures,
designated HL-93, and shall consist of:

• Design truck or tandem load

• Design lane load

Each design lane under consideration shall be occupied by either the

design truck or tandem, coincident with the lane load, where
applicable. The loads shall be assumed to occupy 3.0 m transversely
within a design lane.
DESIGN TANDEM
Vehicular live loading on roadways of bridges or incidental structures, shall be:

35 kN 145 kN 145 kN 108 kN 108 kN

1.2
4.3m 4.3 – 9.1m m

Uniform load of 9.34 kN/m

Vehicular live loading on roadways of bridges or incidental structures, shall be :

• 90% of 2 trucks (HL-93), minimum spacing of 15m, plus

• 90% of Uniform design lane load

HL-93 90% of 90% of HL-93

truck load 35 kN 145 kN truck load
90% of
Uniform load
of 9.34 kN/m

4.3m 15 m 4.3m