Mindanao State University – Iligan Institute of Technology Student: SALIMBAGAT, CHRISTINE.
P Section: 262
COLLEGE OF NURSING
PHARMACOLOGY DRUG STUDY
Brand Name: Nitrostat Generic Name: Nitroglycerin Drug Classification: Nitrates
Dosage, Route & Frequency Drug-Drug &
Pres Side Effects
Drug Action Drug-Food Indications Contraindications Adverse Reactions (By System)
Recommended crib (By System)
ed Interactions
Angina Organic nitrate and Drug: Alcohol, A Prophylaxis, Hypersensitivity, CNS: dizziness, CNS: Headache, apprehension, blurred
Adult: Sublingual 1–2 potent vasodilator that NTIHYPERTENSIV treatment, and idiosyncrasy, or tolerance headache, vision, weakness, vertigo, dizziness,
sprays (0.4–0.8 mg) or a relaxes vascular E management of to nitrates; severe apprehension, faintness. CV: Postural
0.3–0.6-mg tablet q3– smooth muscle by AGENTS compou angina pectoris. IV anemia; head trauma, restlessness, hypotension, palpitations, tachycardia
5min as needed (max: 3 unknown mechanism, nd hypotensive nitroglycerin is used increased ICP; glaucoma weakness. EENT: (sometimes with paradoxical bradycardia),
doses in 15 min) PO 1.3– resulting in dose- effects; IV to control BP in (sustained-release blurred vision. increase in angina, syncope,
9 mg q8–12h IV Start related dilation of both nitroglycerin may perioperative forms). Also (IV CV: hypotension, and circulatory collapse. GI: Nausea,
with 5 mcg/min and venous and arterial antagonize hepar hypertension, CHF nitroglycerin): tachycardia, vomiting, involuntary passing of urine and
titrate q3–5min until blood vessels. in anticoagulatio associated with acute hypotension, syncope. GI: feces, abdominal pain, dry
desired Promotes peripheral n. Vasodilating MI; to produce uncorrected abdominal pain, mouth. Hematologic: Methemoglobinemia
response Transdermal pooling of blood, effects may be controlled hypovolemia, constrictive nausea, vomiting. (high doses). Skin: Cutaneous vasodilation
Unit Apply once q24h or reduction of peripheral enhanced hypotension during pericarditis, pericardial Derm: contact with flushing, rash, exfoliative dermatitis,
leave on for 10–12 h, resistance, and by sildenafil, vard surgical procedures, tamponade; pregnancy dermatitis contact dermatitis with transdermal patch;
then remove and have a decreased venous enafil, or tadalafil and to treat angina (category C), lactation. (transdermal). topical allergic reactions with ointment:
10–12 h nitrate free return to the heart. , so this pectoris in patients Cautious Use Misc: alcohol pruritic eczematous
interval Topical Apply Both left ventricular combination who have not Severe liver or kidney intoxication eruptions, anaphylactoid
1.5–5 cm (½–2 in) of preload and afterload should be responded to nitrate disease, conditions that (large IV doses reaction characterized by oral mucosal and
ointment q4–6h are reduced and avoided. or beta-blocker cause dry mouth, early only), cross- conjunctival edema. Body as a
Child: IV 0.25–0.5 myocardial oxygen therapy. MI. tolerance, Whole: Muscle twitching, pallor,
mcg/kg/min, titrate by consumption or flushing, perspiration, cold sweat; local sensation in
0.5–1 mcg/kg/min q3–5 demand is decreased. tolerance. oral cavity at point of dissolution of
min sublingual forms.
Responsibilities in the Nursing Process (ADPIE) Responsibilities in the Nursing Process (ADPIE)
A - ● Assess location, duration, intensity, and precipitating factors of patient’s I - ● PO: Administer dose 1 hr before or 2 hr after meals with a full glass of water for faster absorption. Sustained-
anginal pain.● Monitor BP and pulse release preparations should be swallowed whole; do not break, crush, or chew. ● SL: Tablet should be held under
D - ● Acute pain (Indications)● Ineffective tissue perfusion (Indications) tongue until dissolved. Avoid eating, drinking, or smoking until tablet is dissolved. ● Translingual spray: Spray
P -●To decrease frequency and severity of anginal attacks● To increase Nitrolingual under tongue. Spray Nitromist on or under tongue.
activity tolerance. During long-term therapy, tolerance may be minimized by E - ● Decrease in frequency and severity of anginal attacks. ● Increase in activity tolerance. During long-term
intermittent administration in 12–14 hr or 10–12 hr off intervals. ●To control therapy, tolerance may be minimized by intermittent administration in 12–14 hr or 10–12 hr off intervals. ●
hypotension during surgical procedures●To treat HF associated with acute Controlled hypotension during surgical procedures. ● Treatment of HF associated with acute MI
MI.
