1ST QUARTER EXAMINATION REVIEWER IN TLE 7

Personal hygiene is defined as a condition promoting sanitary practices to the self.

Hygiene is the science concerned with the prevention of illness and maintenance of health. (WordNet®
3.0, © 2006 by Princeton University)
It is important to know, understand and practice good personal hygiene for as early as childhood to
ensure a healthy lifestyle up until the stage of puberty and adulthood.
I. HANDWASHING
Hand washing is an easy way to prevent infection.
It is a simple habit that can help keep you healthy. Learn the benefits of good hand hygiene, when
to wash your hands and how to clean them properly.
Hand washing is something most people do without thinking. Yet hand washing, when done
properly, is one of the best ways to avoid getting sick. This simple habit requires only soap and warm water
or an alcohol-based hand sanitizer — a cleanser that doesn't require water.

IMPORTANCE

1. To cleanse the hands of pathogens (including bacteria or viruses) and chemicals which can cause
personal harm or disease.
2. One good way to prevent transfer of infectious diseases that are commonly spread through hand-to-
hand contact and contact with fomites (doorknobs) including the common cold, flu and several
gastrointestinal disorders, such as infectious diarrhea.
3. Inadequate hand hygiene contributes to food-related illnesses, such as salmonella and E. coli infection.

PROCEDURE
1. Wet your hands with warm, running water and apply liquid soap or use clean bar soap. Lather well.

2. Rub your hands vigorously together for at least 15 to 20 seconds.

3. Scrub all surfaces, including the backs of your hands, wrists, between your fingers and under your
fingernails.
4. Rinse well.
5. Dry your hands with a clean or disposable towel.
6. Use a towel to turn off the faucet.

II. ORAL CARE

Get daily dental care tips and learn ways to protect your oral health. See which symptoms should
prompt a call to your dentist.
Don't take your smile for granted. Maintain good oral health by practicing regular dental care habits
and reporting problems to your dentist promptly.

IMPORTANCE

1. Prevents losing your teeth and gives you a wide good smile.

2. Cleaning your teeth daily and visiting your dentist one to two times a year prevents gum disease and
other oral health problems.

PROCEDURE
 1. Brush your teeth at least twice a day and ideally after every meal, using fluoride-containing
toothpaste.
2. Use a soft-bristled toothbrush — it's gentler on your gums.
3. To brush properly, hold your toothbrush at a slight angle against your teeth and use short back-and-
forth motions.
4. Brush the inside and chewing surfaces of your teeth.
5. Brush your teeth for about two minutes each time you brush.
6. Brush your tongue.
7. Avoid vigorous or harsh scrubbing, which can irritate your gums.
8. Replace your toothbrush every three or four months, or sooner if it becomes frayed.
III. HAIR AND NAILS
The hair follicles (which the hair grows from) produce oil which keeps the hair smooth. You also
have sweat glands in your scalp, and dead skin cells come off the scalp. The oil, sweat and dead cells all
add together and can make the hair greasy and look dirty unless you wash it regularly.
IMPORTANCE
1. Gains good impression from other people especially the peers.
2. Prevents acquiring of infestations and different parasitic organisms.
3. Cut nails helps to avoid a perfect environment for germs to live and breed.
4. Wearing nail polish adds color and style to your nails but may harbor microorganisms and maybe
harmful to health.
5. Nail biting must not be practiced even if hands have been washed.

PROCEDURE
1. Wash hair regularly with shampoo (cheap ones are often as good as very expensive ones).
2. massage your scalp well. This will remove dead skin cells, excess oil and dirt.
3. rinse well with clear water.
4. conditioner is helpful if you have longer hair as it makes the hair smoother and easier to comb, but hair
doesn't need to have conditioner.
5. A shorter hair and avoiding prolonged exposure to the sun would minimize damage to the hair and
acquiring of nits.
6. use a wide toothed comb for wet hair as it is easier to pull through.
7. Cut nails once a week. Best time would be after taking a bath.

IV. BATHING AND BODY CARE

According to the experts young kids may sweat but they don't start having body odour (BO) until
they reach puberty. That's when special sweat glands under the arms and around the genitals roar into full
production pouring out sweat which smells!
Even if you're not heavily into puberty style sweating, clothes can get stained, dirty and generally
grubby, so you need to change them often.
Underclothes are right next to your skin and collect dead skin cells, sweat and possibly other
unmentionable stains. Overnight bacteria start to work on these stains so your clothes do not smell as nice
on the second day of wearing.

IMPORTANCE
1. Prevents body odor.
2. Helps refresh the body and the mind.
3. Prevents acquiring pimples and having oily face.
4. Gives a good impression from other people.
 PROCEDURE
1. Take a bath everyday or after periods of sweats or getting dirty.
2. May use scented body soaps but germ-free soaps are more effective in giving a sure clean.
3. Scrub off thoroughly especially the elbows, knees and armpit parts.
4. Use a separate facial wash for the face.
5. Rinse well.
6. Change clothes every after bathing or when soaked with sweat.
7. May use deodorants or antiperspirants to block sweating and odor.
8. Clean the ears after every bath.
NAIL CARE TOOLS
TOOLS are the articles used in any nail care service which are durable or permanent and are hand-held. Tools
are also referred to as implements.
The tools commonly used in giving manicure and pedicure are the following:
Callous Remover is a tool designed to strip off calluses and corns.
Cuticle Nail Pusher is a tool used to push back and loosen the cuticles.
Cuticle Nipper is an implement used to cut the cuticles.
Cuticle Scissor is an implement to cut stubborn cuticles.
Finger or Manicure Bowl is a small bowl used for soaking the fingers to soften the cuticles.
Foot file is made of metal or sandpaper, with a rough file on one side to remove calluses and a fine file on the
other to smoothen the feet.
Foot Spa Basin is a large rectangular container used for bathing and soaking the feet when giving a pedicure.
Manicure Tray is a flat container where all the necessary tools and implements are placed for use by the
manicurist.
Manicure Nail Brush is a plastic handled brush with nylon bristles used to clean dirt and cosmetic residue from
the nail surface and skin.
Mixing bowl is a small open-top, rounded cup-like container used for mixing the aromatic oils and other fluids
for the hand or foot spa.
Nail Buffer is an implement used for smoothening and polishing the nails.
Nail Cutter / Nail Clipper / Nail Trimmer is a hand tool made of metal used to trim fingernails and toenails.
Nail File is an implement used to shape the free edges of the nail with the coarse side and bevel the nail with
the finer side.
Orangewood Stick is an implement with pointed and rounded ends to remove excess polish.
Pedicure Nail Brush is a tool used to remove cosmetics and cleanse nails.
Plastic Container for Cotton is a small receptacle where cotton balls are put.
Pumice Stone is a type of volcanic rock, which is actually frothy lava solidified to form a porous rock to remove
dry and annoying skin of the feet as well as calluses.
Supply Tray is a flat container that holds the necessary cosmetics and implements.
Trolley is a wheeled cart that is pushed by hand and used for transporting manicuring and pedicuring tools and
materials.
God Bless! Sir Mark 