MODAL VERBS

-are auxiliaries
-come before other verbs
- do not take the verbal endings –s, -ing, -ed.
- are followed by the short infinitive (without TO)

Modal verbs: can, be able to, could, may, might, must, have to, should.

For requests, we use can, could, would. Could and would are usually a little more polite than
can.
Ex. Can I have a cup of coffee, please?
Could you say that again, please?
Would you lend me your phone, please?

HAVE TO, MUST, SHOULD

MUST – strong OBLIGATION /NECESSITY

- Shows that it is necessary to do something that comes from the speaker.
I must give up smoking.

MUSTN’T (the negative form) –PROHIBITION ( not to do things)

You mustn’t cross the street on red.

HAVE TO - strong OBLIGATION /NECESSITY

- obligation that doesn’t come from the speaker.
You have to pay to use Internet cafés.

DO NOT HAVE TO/DON’T HAVE TO – LACK OF OBLIGATION /NECESSITY

I don’t have to read this lesson.

SHOULD /SHOULDN’T –are used to make recommendations or to give advice

- Are used for giving mild advice You should prepare for your exam.
You shouldn’t eat so much bread.

MUST –for strong advice You must give up smoking!