“An intriguing and potentially life-

altering examination of the human

psyche that is sure to benefit both
introverts and extroverts alike.”
Kirkus Reviews

take Quiet to a quiet

corner and absorb its brilliant,
thought-provoking message.”

Confidence SuperCorp

“An informative, well-researched

book
 3/929

Emotional Freedom

engaging and beautifully

written

Susan’s own voice re-

mains a compelling pres-
ence—thoughtful, generous, calm,
and eloquent Quiet deserves a very
large readership.”
Shy-
ness: How Normal Behavior Became a
Sickness
 4/929

a beautifully wrought jour-

ney from the lab bench to the motiv-
ational speaker’s hall

This book is brilliant, profound, full

of feeling and brimming with
insights.”
War
Hospital

“Brilliant, illuminating, empower-

ing! Quiet
 5/929

Uncer-
tainty: Turning Fear and Doubt into Fuel
for Brilliance

“Once in a blue moon, a book comes

along that gives us startling new in-
sights Quiet

Quiet

This charming, grace-

fully written, thoroughly researched
book is simply masterful.”
 6/929

Her dili-
gence, research, and passion for this
important topic has richly paid off.”
Publishers Weekly

Quiet

I think that
many introverts will discover that,
even though they didn’t know it,
they have been waiting for this book
all their lives.”
Intro-
verts in the Church
 7/929

Quiet

Soci-
ety needs introverts, so everyone can
benefit from the insights in this im-
portant book.”

Shyness: Perspectives on Research

and Treatment

“A brilliant, important, and person-

ally affecting book

Cain herself is the perfect person to

make this case—with winning grace
and clarity she shows us what it
 8/929

looks like to think outside the

group.”

The First Word

Not only is there really

nothing wrong with being quiet, re-
flective, shy, and introverted, but
there are distinct advantages to be-
ing this way

“Author Susan Cain exemplifies her

own quiet power in this exquisitely
 9/929

written and highly readable page-

turner

The Introverted Leader

Quiet

exceptionally well
written, and ‘reader friendly.’

penetrating
analysis.”
Journal of Personality and Social Psychology
12/929
To my childhood family
A species in which everyone was General
Patton would not succeed, any more than
would a race in which everyone was Vin-
cent van Gogh. I prefer to think that the
planet needs athletes, philosophers, sex
symbols, painters, scientists; it needs the
warmhearted, the hardhearted, the cold-
hearted, and the weakhearted. It needs
those who can devote their lives to study-
ing how many droplets of water are
secreted by the salivary glands of dogs un-
der which circumstances, and it needs
those who can capture the passing impres-
sion of cherry blossoms in a fourteen-syl-
lable poem or devote twenty-five pages to
the dissection of a small boy’s feelings as
he lies in bed in the dark waiting for his
mother to kiss him goodnight.… Indeed
the presence of outstanding strengths
 15/929

presupposes that energy needed in other

areas has been channeled away from
them
 Contents

Cover
Title Page
Copyright
Dedication
Epigraph

PART ONE: THE EXTROVERT IDEAL

 17/929

PART TWO: YOUR BIOLOGY, YOUR

SELF?
 18/929

PART THREE: DO ALL CULTURES

HAVE AN EXTROVERT IDEAL?

PART FOUR: HOW TO LOVE, HOW

TO WORK
 19/929

Introvert Extrovert
Author’s Note

Quiet
21/929
22/929
 INTRODUCTION

The North and South of

Temperament
24/929
25/929
 26/929

and

and

Quiet Strength

shouldn’t
27/929
28/929
29/929
 30/929

one out of every

two or three people you know
 31/929

type
32/929
 33/929

introvert
 34/929

In Search of Lost Time

Nineteen Eighty-Four
Animal Farm
 35/929

Schindler’s List, E.T. Close En-

counters of the Third Kind

E=mc2 Paradise Lost

 36/929

because of

Quiet

iCarly
37/929
38/929
39/929
40/929
41/929
42/929
 43/929

I’m too quiet for this

kind of thing, too unassuming, too cereb-
ral
44/929
45/929
46/929
 47/929

her
his
 48/929

introvert

Psy-
chological Types
introvert extrovert
49/929
 50/929

introvert extro-
vert
51/929
52/929
 53/929

introvert
can
 54/929

and
55/929
56/929
57/929
58/929
59/929
 60/929

kinds
61/929
 62/929

Quiet

Quiet

Quiet
fruit
 63/929

Can
64/929
65/929
 Part

One
THE EXTROVERT IDEAL
 1
THE RISE OF THE “MIGHTY
LIKEABLE FELLOW”

How Extroversion Became the Cultural

Ideal

Strangers’ eyes, keen and critical

Can you meet them
proudly—confidently—without fear?
68/929
69/929
70/929
71/929
 72/929

Public Speaking and Influen-

cing Men in Business
 73/929

personality
74/929
75/929
 76/929

The Pilgrim’s Pro-

gress
 77/929

Character:
The Grandest Thing in the World

what
how
 78/929

Success
The Saturday Evening Post

Char-
acter: The Grandest Thing in the World

Masterful
Personality
79/929
80/929
81/929
 82/929

YOURSELF
83/929
84/929
85/929
86/929
 87/929

Understanding Human
Nature
 88/929

Collier’s

Everyone

Collier’s
89/929
 90/929

The Organization
Man
91/929
92/929
93/929
94/929
95/929
96/929
 97/929

Give
me liberty or give me death!
98/929
99/929
 100/929

The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock

cri de coeur
101/929
 102/929

Dia-
gnostic and Statistical Manual (DSM-IV)

dis-
ease
 103/929

How to Win
Friends and Influence People
104/929
105/929
106/929
 107/929

How to Win
Friends and Influence People
108/929
 2
THE MYTH OF CHARISMATIC
LEADERSHIP

The Culture of Personality, a Hundred

Years Later

Society is itself an education in the extro-

vert values, and rarely has there been a
society that has preached them so hard.
No man is an island, but how John
Donne would writhe to hear how often,
and for what reasons, the thought is so
tiresomely repeated
 110/929

Salesmanship as a Virtue: Live with

Tony Robbins
111/929
 112/929

the entire time

113/929
114/929
115/929
116/929
117/929
118/929
 119/929

Busi-
nessWeek
 120/929

well
121/929
122/929
123/929
124/929
 125/929

-da
 126/929

power superior

Awaken the Giant

Within
127/929
 128/929

all
129/929
130/929
 131/929

believes
 132/929

is
133/929
 134/929

The Myth of Charismatic Leadership:

Harvard Business School and Beyond
135/929
136/929
 137/929

have
138/929
139/929
140/929
 141/929

If
you were the protagonist

what would you do?

142/929
143/929
144/929
145/929
 146/929

The Harbus
 147/929

all the time

148/929
149/929
150/929
151/929
152/929
153/929
154/929
155/929
156/929
 157/929

right
158/929
159/929
 160/929

Yale Alumni Magazine

161/929
 162/929

Iconoclast
163/929
 164/929

They were the best

presenters
 165/929

not
166/929
 167/929

Good to Great

Wall Street Journal

168/929
 169/929

Every single one of

them was led by an unassuming man like
Darwin Smith
170/929
171/929
172/929
173/929
 174/929

without exercising initiative

175/929
 176/929

Why
177/929
178/929
179/929
180/929
181/929
182/929
183/929
184/929
 185/929

New York Times

186/929
187/929
 188/929

The Ten Command-

ments
 189/929

The Tipping Point

Les Misérables
190/929
191/929
192/929
193/929
 194/929

then
 195/929

Wall Street Journal

 196/929

Does God Love Introverts? An

Evangelical’s Dilemma
 197/929

protagonist case method

The Purpose Driven Life

198/929
199/929
 200/929

introvert
201/929
 202/929

wasn’t
203/929
 204/929

how

Introverts in the
Church: Finding Our Place in an Extrover-
ted Culture
205/929
206/929
207/929
208/929
209/929
210/929
211/929
 212/929

it
must be displayed publicly
213/929
 3
WHEN COLLABORATION KILLS
CREATIVITY

The Rise of the New Groupthink and the

Power of Working Alone

I am a horse for a single harness, not cut

out for tandem or teamwork … for well I
know that in order to attain any definite
goal, it is imperative that person do
the thinking and the commanding
 215/929

Popular Electronics
 216/929

iWoz
 217/929

Dancing with
the Stars
218/929
 219/929

he was always by himself

 220/929

are And artists

 221/929

work best alone

Work alone. You’re

going to be best able to design revolu-
tionary products and features if you’re
working on your own. Not on a com-
mittee. Not on a team
222/929
 223/929

intro-
verts prefer to work independently, and
solitude can be a catalyst to innovation
224/929
 225/929

we

We

We
 226/929

Organizing Genius
 227/929

Here Comes Every-

body
228/929
 229/929

Fast
Company
 230/929

EVERYONE
231/929
232/929
 233/929

aspires
 234/929

Leadership Develop-
ment for the Gifted and Talented
 235/929

Collaboration
236/929
237/929
238/929
 239/929

The Talent Code

240/929
 241/929

practicing in solitude
242/929
 243/929

you

you
 244/929

iWoz
245/929
246/929
 247/929

A
Wrinkle in Time
248/929
249/929
250/929
 251/929

less

even though they hadn’t

worked together
252/929
253/929
254/929
255/929
 256/929

but
257/929
258/929
259/929
260/929
261/929
262/929
263/929
264/929
265/929
 266/929

all
 267/929

social loafing

production blocking

evaluation apprehension
268/929
269/929
 270/929

why
 271/929

per-
ception
 272/929

why
 273/929

altered
274/929
275/929
276/929
277/929
278/929
279/929
280/929
281/929
 282/929

iWoz
 Part

TWO
YOUR BIOLOGY, YOUR SELF?
 4
IS TEMPERAMENT DESTINY?

Nature, Nurture, and the Orchid

Hypothesis

Some people are more certain of

everything than I am of anything
In an Uncertain
World

ALMOST TEN YEARS AGO

285/929
286/929
287/929
 288/929

Whatever you do, try not to vomit

289/929
290/929
291/929
292/929
293/929
 294/929

Galen’s Prophecy
295/929
296/929
297/929
298/929
 299/929

feel
300/929
301/929
302/929
303/929
304/929
305/929
 306/929

Dead Poets
Society
 307/929

Galen’s
Prophecy
308/929
309/929
 310/929

Science
 311/929

poof! Now, Susan, you know ex-

actly who you are
312/929
313/929
314/929
315/929
316/929
317/929
318/929
 319/929

how
 320/929

Atlantic
321/929
322/929
323/929
 324/929

The Atlantic
325/929
 326/929

haven’t

fewer
 327/929

Atlantic
 328/929

better
 329/929

less
 330/929

less
331/929
332/929
333/929
 5
BEYOND TEMPERAMENT

The Role of Free Will (and the Secret of

Public Speaking for Introverts)

Enjoyment appears at the boundary

between boredom and anxiety, when the
challenges are just balanced with the per-
son’s capacity to act
335/929
336/929
337/929
338/929
339/929
340/929
 341/929

the footprint of a high- or low-reactive

temperament never disappeared in adult-
hood
342/929
343/929
344/929
 345/929

without
346/929
347/929
 348/929

inhibited
349/929
350/929
351/929
352/929
353/929
354/929
355/929
356/929
357/929
 358/929

feel
 359/929

are
 360/929

over
 361/929

under
362/929
 363/929

over
364/929
365/929
366/929
367/929
 368/929

might
369/929
370/929
 371/929

Couldn’t tell at all

 372/929

Not
nervous at all
 373/929

You seem so outgoing

You came across as really confident!
You’re lucky because you never run out
of things to say
374/929
375/929
 6
“FRANKLIN WAS A POLITICIAN, BUT
ELEANOR SPOKE OUT OF
CONSCIENCE”

Why Cool Is Overrated

A shy man no doubt dreads the notice of

strangers, but can hardly be said to be
afraid of them. He may be as bold as a
hero in battle, and yet have no self-con-
fidence about trifles in the presence of
strangers
377/929
378/929
379/929
 380/929

him
her
381/929
382/929
383/929
384/929
385/929
386/929
387/929
388/929
389/929
390/929
391/929
392/929
 393/929

is
394/929
395/929
396/929
397/929
398/929
399/929
400/929
401/929
402/929
 403/929

Now
Franklin, you should
404/929
 405/929

felt
406/929
 407/929

even when
they think they can’t be caught
408/929
 409/929

she

The Long Long

Dances
 410/929

are
411/929
 412/929

had
 413/929

Prep
414/929
415/929
 416/929

New York Times

417/929
 418/929

Born to Be Good
 419/929

The Long Long Dances

420/929
421/929
 422/929

More than a
hundred
423/929
 424/929

That’s our kind of fruit

fly!
425/929
 426/929

la dolce vita
427/929
 428/929

settled
poorer
429/929
430/929
431/929
432/929
433/929
 434/929

An Inconvenient Truth
435/929
 436/929

designed

An Inconvenient Truth
437/929
438/929
439/929
 440/929

mean
441/929
 442/929

should
443/929
444/929
445/929
446/929
 7
WHY DID WALL STREET CRASH AND
WARREN BUFFETT PROSPER?

How Introverts and Extroverts Think

(and Process Dopamine) Differently

Tocqueville saw that the life of constant

action and decision which was entailed
by the democratic and businesslike char-
acter of American life put a premium
upon rough and ready habits of mind,
quick decision, and the prompt seizure of
opportunities—and that all this activity
was not propitious for deliberation, elab-
oration, or precision in thought
Anti-Intel-
lectualism in America
448/929
449/929
450/929
 451/929

seven
hundred thousand dollars
 452/929

reward sensitivity
 453/929

too

he sped up
 454/929

New York Post

455/929
456/929
457/929
 458/929

Watch out
 459/929

makes
460/929
461/929
462/929
463/929
 464/929

great
465/929
466/929
467/929
 468/929

less
469/929
470/929
 471/929

Fear,
Uncertainty, and Doubt
 472/929

Newsweek
473/929
 474/929

Washington Post
 475/929

Conspiracy of
Fools

Post

did
476/929
477/929
 478/929

before
after
 479/929

they actually
speed up

force
480/929
481/929
482/929
483/929
484/929
 485/929

before
 486/929

social
487/929
488/929
489/929
490/929
 491/929

—any
492/929
 493/929

and
494/929
495/929
 496/929

not for the rewards

it brings
497/929
498/929
 499/929

BusinessWeek
500/929
501/929
502/929
 503/929

New York Times

 504/929

The Big Short

505/929
506/929
507/929
508/929
 509/929

The Snowball
 510/929

Vanity Fair
511/929
512/929
513/929
 Part

Three
DO ALL CULTURES HAVE AN
EXTROVERT IDEAL?
 8
SOFT POWER

Asian-Americans and the Extrovert Ideal

In a gentle way, you can shake the

world
516/929
 517/929

Wall Street Journal

518/929
519/929
520/929
521/929
522/929
 523/929

have
524/929
525/929
526/929
 527/929

San
Jose Mercury News
528/929
 529/929

Journal of Re-
search in Personality
530/929
531/929
 532/929

dongshi
533/929
 534/929

The wind howls, but the mountain re-

mains still

Those who know do not speak

Those who speak do not know
The Way of Lao Zi

Even though I make no special attempt

to observe the discipline of silence, liv-
ing alone automatically makes me re-
frain from the sins of speech
 535/929

12th Century Japanese

recluse

Be a craftsman in speech that thou

mayest be strong, for the strength of
one is the tongue, and speech is mighti-
er than all fighting
2400 B.C.E

Speech is civilization itself. The word,

even the most contradictory word, pre-
serves contact—it is silence which
isolates
The Magic Mountain

The squeaky wheel gets the grease

 536/929

jinshi
537/929
 538/929

Jesus Christ Superstar

539/929
540/929
 541/929

taijin kyo-
fusho

others
542/929
543/929
544/929
545/929
 546/929

expressing
547/929
548/929
 549/929

intro-
vert
550/929
551/929
 552/929

The Big
Test
553/929
554/929
555/929
556/929
557/929
 558/929

mumble, mumble,
mumble
559/929
560/929
561/929
562/929
563/929
564/929
565/929
566/929
567/929
568/929
 569/929

satyagraha

satyagraha
570/929
571/929
572/929
573/929
574/929
575/929
 576/929

helped
 577/929

satyagraha
 Part

Four
HOW TO LOVE, HOW TO
WORK
 9
WHEN SHOULD YOU ACT MORE
EXTROVERTED THAN YOU REALLY
ARE?

A man has as many social selves as there

are distinct groups of persons about
whose opinion he cares. He generally
shows a different side of himself to each
of these different groups
580/929
581/929
582/929
 583/929

Personality and
Assessment
 584/929

The Presentation of Self

in Everyday Life
585/929
 586/929

BusinessWeek

Can
587/929
588/929
589/929
590/929
591/929
 592/929

a year
593/929
594/929
595/929
 596/929

like

talking
597/929
598/929
599/929
 600/929

true

Public
Appearances, Private Realities
 601/929

enfant terrible
602/929
603/929
604/929
605/929
 606/929

low
607/929
 608/929

can

should
609/929
610/929
611/929
612/929
 613/929

I’m
doing this to advance work I care about
deeply, and when the work is done I’ll
settle back into my true self
 614/929

The route to
success is to be the sort of person I am
not
615/929
616/929
617/929
 618/929

did
619/929
 620/929

during

In an Uncertain
World
621/929
622/929
623/929
624/929
 625/929

half the time we’ll go out, and

half the time we’ll stay home
626/929
627/929
628/929
629/929
630/929
631/929
632/929
 633/929

him-
self
 10
THE COMMUNICATION GAP

How to Talk to Members of the Opposite

Type

The meeting of two personalities is like

the contact of two chemical substances; if
there is any reaction, both are trans-
formed
635/929
636/929
637/929
 638/929

am

relate
socialize

Maybe I
antisocial Maybe there
something wrong with me
639/929
 640/929

Is something wrong with me?

 641/929

differently
642/929
 643/929

caring, console
help
abduct, assault harass
644/929
645/929
646/929
 647/929

The Audacity of Hope

648/929
 649/929

Didn’t she care?

 650/929

show
 651/929

appears
 652/929

less
 653/929

like

team members
have to work well together
654/929
655/929
656/929
 657/929

either

or
 658/929

Anger: The Misunderstood

Emotion
659/929
 660/929

it fuels it
661/929
 662/929

especially
 663/929

his
 664/929

are
665/929
 666/929

Gee, when you get a

chance I’d appreciate it if you could
just tidy up the kitchen a little more

I’d be happy to, and I’m

sorry that I didn’t do it sooner

Too bad
667/929
668/929
669/929
 670/929

before

without having to
do anything else at the same time

observe
671/929
672/929
673/929
674/929
675/929
676/929
 677/929

You have a new dog? That’s great. A

friend of mine has an amazing tank of
saltwater fish!
678/929
679/929
680/929
 681/929

number

format
682/929
 11
ON COBBLERS AND GENERALS

How to Cultivate Quiet Kids in a World

That Can’t Hear Them

With anything young and tender the most

important part of the task is the begin-
ning of it; for that is the time at which
the character is being formed and the de-
sired impression more readily taken
THE REPUBLIC
 684/929

had
685/929
686/929
687/929
688/929
689/929
690/929
691/929
692/929
 693/929

Don’t worry about it! Just play with them

all!
 694/929

ugh

she
 695/929

Why would you want to do that?

696/929
697/929
698/929
 699/929

simpatico
700/929
 701/929

always
702/929
 703/929

He’s recoiling
from novelty or overstimulation, not from
human contact
704/929
705/929
706/929
707/929
708/929
709/929
710/929
711/929
712/929
 713/929

The Lord of the

Flies
714/929
715/929
716/929
717/929
718/929
719/929
 720/929

Danger-
ous Minds
721/929
722/929
723/929
724/929
725/929
726/929
727/929
728/929
729/929
730/929
731/929
732/929
733/929
734/929
735/929
736/929
737/929
738/929
739/929
 740/929

win
 741/929

Kristen’s nervous
too Renée’s mom says she’s
scared the night before a competition
 742/929

OK, so what if you do fall and come in

last place, will life still go on?
743/929
 744/929

I hope not!
I’ve gotta
get out of here
Revenge of the Nerds
745/929
746/929
747/929
748/929
749/929
 CONCLUSION

Wonderland

Our culture made a virtue of living only

as extroverts. We discouraged the inner
journey, the quest for a center. So we lost
our center and have to find it again
751/929
752/929
753/929
754/929
755/929
 756/929

choose
 757/929

Alice in Wonderland
A Note on the Dedication
759/929
760/929
761/929
762/929
A Note on the Words Introvert and
Extrovert

cultural

Quiet
764/929
 765/929

introvert
766/929
767/929
 768/929

Il
Penseroso L’Allegro

Il Penseroso
 769/929

introvert
extrovert

extrovert
extravert
Acknowledgments

Quiet

Quiet
 771/929

Quiet
772/929
773/929
774/929
775/929
 776/929

Quiet
 777/929

Quiet
778/929
779/929
 Notes

THE NORTH AND SOUTH OF

TEMPERAMENT
Montgomery, Alabama. December 1,
1955
Rosa Parks: A
Life
Quiet

Quiet
 781/929

“north and south of temperament”

The Atlantic
Monthly

governs how likely we are to exercise

On the
Psychobiology of Personality: Essays in Honor
of Marvin Zuckerman

Personality and Individual Differ-

ences
 782/929

commit adultery Personal-

ity: What Makes You the Way You Are

European
Journal of Personality

function well without sleep

Journal of Sleep Research

Personality
and Individual Differences
 783/929

Physiology and Behavior

learn from our mistakes

place big bets in the stock market

be a good leader
and ask “what if”
exhaustively researched subjects
 784/929

in the Bible
some evolutionary psychologists

one third to one half of Americans are

introverts The Myers-
Briggs Type Indicator: A Critical Review and
Practical Guide
 785/929

Personality and Indi-

vidual Differences
United States is among the most extro-
verted of nations
 786/929

Journal of Cross-Cultural Psycho-

logy

Journal of Personality and So-

cial Psychology
Talkative people, for example

Journal of Personality and So-

cial Psychology
Velocity of speech counts

Handbook of
Interpersonal Communication
 787/929

the voluble are considered smarter

Journal of Personality
and Social Psychology

one informal study Intro-

vert Power: Why Your Inner Life Is Your Hid-
den Strength

the theory of gravity

Isaac Newton

the theory of relativity

Einstein: His Life and Universe
 788/929

W. B. Yeats’s “The Second Coming”

The Genesis of Artistic
Creativity: Asperger’s Syndrome and the Arts

Jung’s Psychology and Its

Social Meaning

Chopin’s nocturnes Chopin in

Paris: The Life and Times of the Romantic
Composer

Proust’s In Search of Lost Time

How Proust Can Change Your Life

Peter Pan Hide-and-Seek with

Angels: A Life of J. M. Barrie

Orwell’s 1984 and Animal Farm

The Genesis of Artistic Creativity
 789/929

Charlie Brown Schulz

and Peanuts: A Biography

Schindler’s List, E.T. and Close Encoun-

ters of the Third Kind
Steven Spielberg: A Biography

Google Googled: The End of

the World as We Know It

Harry Potter

“Neither E=mc2 nor Paradise Lost”

I.D.: How Heredity and Ex-
perience Make You Who You Are

vast majority of teachers believe

 790/929

Proceedings of the
First Biennial International Conference on
Education of the Center for Applications of
Psychological Type

Carl Jung had published a bombshell

Psychological Types

Psychologische Typen

the majority of universities and Fortune

100 companies

introverts and extroverts differ in the

level of outside stimulation … Many
have a horror of small talk
 791/929

introvert is not a synonym for hermit

the distinctly introverted E. M. Forster

A Companion to E. M. Forster
 792/929

“human love at its height”

Howards End

Shyness is the fear of social disapproval

Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin

they sometimes overlap

Journal of Research in Person-

ality
“Such a man would be in the lunatic
asylum”
C. G. Jung Speaking: Interviews and En-
counters

Finland is a famously introverted nation

Willingness
 793/929

to Communicate, Communication Apprehen-

sion, Introversion, and Self-Reported Commu-
nication Competence: Finnish and American
Comparisons

Many introverts are also “highly sensit-

ive”

The date: 1902 … held him back as a

young man
Dale Carnegie: The Man Who
Influenced Millions

“In the days when pianos and bathrooms

were luxuries” The Quick
and Easy Way to Effective Speaking
 794/929

Public Speaking and

Influencing Men in Business

a Culture of Character to a Culture of

Personality Culture as
History: The Transformation of American So-
ciety in the Twentieth Century

History of Psycho-
logy
The word personality didn’t exist
Culture as History
 795/929

History of
Education Quarterly

In 1790, only 3 percent … a third of the

country were urbanites The
City: Urban Communities and Their Problems

Population Trends in the United States

“We cannot all live in cities”

The Simple Life: Plain Living and High
Thinking in American Culture

“The reasons why one man gained a pro-

motion” Advertising the
American Dream: Making Way for Modernity,
1920–1940
 796/929

The Pilgrim’s Progress The

Pilgrim’s Progress

Venus Envy: A History of Cosmetic

Surgery

a modest man who did not … “offend by

superiority”
Organization
of American Historians Magazine of History

A popular 1899 manual

Character: The Grandest Thing in the
World

But by 1920, popular self-help

guides … “That is the beginning of a
reputation for personality” Cul-
ture as History
Success magazine and The Saturday Even-
ing Post Better Than Well:
 797/929

American Medicine Meets the American

Dream

a mysterious quality called

“fascination”
“People who pass us on the street”

Women’s Home Companion

Americans became obsessed with movie

stars
 798/929

The
Saturday Evening Post Collier’s

The Emergence of Cinema: The American

Screen to 1907

Media and the American Mind:

From Morse to McLuhan
 799/929

“EATON’S HIGHLAND LINEN”

Advertising the American Dream
“ALL AROUND YOU PEOPLE ARE JUDGING
YOU SILENTLY” Inarticu-
late Longings: The Ladies’ Home Journal,
Gender, and the Promises of Consumer Cul-
ture
“CRITICAL EYES ARE SIZING YOU UP RIGHT
NOW” Advertising the American
Dream
“EVER TRIED SELLING YOURSELF TO YOU

“LET YOUR FACE REFLECT CONFIDENCE,

NOT WORRY!” Advertising the
American Dream
“longed to be successful, gay, tri-
umphant” Cosmopolitan

“How can I make myself more popu-

lar?” The Great Depression
 800/929

and the Culture of Abundance: Kenneth Fear-

ing, Nathanael West, and Mass Culture in the
1930s

Advertising the American Dream

both genders displayed some re-

serve … sometimes called “frigid”
Shrinking Violets and
Caspar Milquetoasts: Shyness, Power, and In-
timacy in the United States, 1950–1995

In the 1920s an influential psycholo-

gist … “Our current civilization … seems
to place a premium upon the aggressive
person”

Journal of Abnormal & Social Psychology

 801/929

Psychological
Types

Jung himself … “all the current preju-

dices against this type” Psy-
chological Types

The IC, as it became known … “the

backbone along with it”
Venus Envy
Despite the hopeful tone of this
piece … “A healthy personality for every
child” Shrinking Violets
 802/929

Well-meaning parents … agreed

Some discouraged their chil-

dren … learning to socialize
The Lonely Crowd

Time

Introverted children … “suburban ab-

normalities” The Or-
ganization Man

Harvard’s provost Paul Buck

The Chosen: The Hidden History of
 803/929

Admission and Exclusion at Harvard, Yale,

and Princeton

“ ‘We see little use for the “brilliant” in-

trovert’ ” The Organization Man

This college dean … “it helps if they

make a good impression” The Or-
ganization Man
“We’re selling, just selling, IBM”

New
York

The rest of the organization men … read

the Equanil ad
The
New Yorker
 804/929

The 1960s tranquilizer Serentil

Better Than Well
Extroversion is in our DNA

Individual Differences Research

Evolu-
tion and Human Behavior

the Romans, for whom the worst pos-

sible punishment
Flow: The Psychology of Optimal Exper-
ience

Even the Christianity of early American

religious revivals
805/929
 806/929

The Man Nobody Knows

 807/929

The Man
Nobody Knows

Introverts in the Church:

Finding Our Place in an Extroverted Culture

Life: The
Movie: How Entertainment Conquered Reality

early Americans revered action

Anti-Intellectualism in American
Life

The 1828 presidential campaign

Life: The Movie
 808/929

John Quincy Adams, incidentally

Assessment

“Respect for individual human personal-

ity” America and the Young
Intellectual

“It is remarkable how much attention”

wandered lonely as a cloud

repaired in solitude to Walden Pond

Walden
Americans who considered themselves
shy
Psychology Today
 809/929

“Social anxiety disorder” … one in five

of us

American
Journal of Psychiatry
The most recent version of the Diagnostic
and Statistical Manual
Diagnostic and Statistical
Manual of Mental Disorders DSM-
IV
 810/929

“It’s not enough … to be able to sit at

your computer” Working
with Emotional Intelligence
 811/929

a staple of airport bookshelves and busi-

ness best-seller lists

“all talking is selling and all selling in-

volves talking” Um: Slips,
Stumbles, and Verbal Blunders, and What
They Mean

more than 12,500 chapters in 113 coun-

tries

The promotional video

 812/929

President Clinton … 50 million other

people

some $11 billion a year

Forbes

chairman of seven privately held com-

panies

“hyperthymic” temperament

Medscape
 813/929

superhuman physical size

Sham

Founded in 1908 … “educating leaders

who make a difference in the world”

President George W. Bush … were HBS

grads Ahead of
the Curve: Two Years at Harvard Business
School

will graduate into a business culture

 814/929

Human Performance

“ ‘Here everyone knows that it’s import-

ant to be an extrovert’ ”

BOSS TO TED AND ALICE

“DEPART FROM YOUR INHIBITIONS”

 815/929

a series of ads for the psychotropic drug

Paxil How Normal Beha-
vior Became a Sickness

We perceive talkers as smarter

Journal of Personality and Social Psy-

chology

Journal of Personality and Social Psy-

chology
two strangers met over the phone
 816/929

Journal of Personality and So-

cial Psychology
We also see talkers as leaders

Personnel Psychology

The more a person talks, the more other

group members The
Wisdom of Crowds

It also helps to speak fast

Handbook of
Interpersonal Communication
 817/929

college students were asked to solve

math problems

A well-known study out of UC Berkeley

Expert Political Judgment

“the Bus to Abilene”

Yale Alumni Magazine

Schwab … Tohmatsu
USA
Today
“some locked themselves into their of-
fice” The Leader of the
Future 2: New Visions, Strategies, and
 818/929

Practices for the Next Era

those considered charismatic by their

top executives

Academy of Man-
agement Journal

Searching for a Corporate Savior: The Irra-

tional Quest for Charismatic CEOs

the influential management theorist Jim

Collins Good to Great: Why
Some Companies Make the Leap—and Others
 819/929

Don’t

Good to Great
Academy of Management Perspectives

Academy of Management Per-

spectives
correlation between extroversion and
leadership

Journal of Applied
Psychology

New York Times

National Bur-
eau of Economic Research Working Paper No.
14195
 820/929

In the first study … fold more shirts

Academy of Man-
agement Journal
“Often the leaders end up doing a lot of
the talking”

Harvard Business School Working Knowledge:

A First Look at Faculty Research

For years before the day in December

1955
 821/929

Rosa Parks: A Life

Moses, for example, was not

a “classic Connector” named Robert

Horchow The Tipping
Point
 822/929

As of May 28, 2011

Los Angeles Times

New York

“Guy Kawasaki an introvert?”

“Wouldn’t it be a great irony”

 823/929

introverts are more likely than extro-

verts
The Social Net:
Understanding Human Behavior in Cyber-
space

CyberPsycho-
logy and Behavior

Journal of Social and Per-

sonal Relationships

Computers in Human Behavior

CyberPsychology and Behavior

 824/929

Journal of
Media Psychology

an average weekly attendance of 22,000

Contemporary evangelicalism says

Righteous: Dis-
patches from the Evangelical Youth Movement
 825/929

“cry from the heart wondering how to fit

in”

“not serve on a parish committee”

“that fruitful miracle”

Marcel Proust on Reading Ruskin

“I am a horse for a single harness”

 826/929

Living Philosophies

“March 5, 1975”

iWoz

a series of studies on the nature of cre-

ativity
 827/929

One of the most interesting findings

Personality and Social

Psychology Review

Encyclopedia of Creativity

Creativity:
Flow and the Psychology of Discovery and In-
vention
are
 828/929

European
Journal of Personality

Hans Eysenck Genius:

The Natural History of Creativity

“Innovation—the heart of the knowledge

economy”

The New Yorker

“None of us is as smart as all of us”

Organizing Genius: The Secrets of
 829/929

Creative Collaboration

“Michelangelo had assistants”

Here Comes Everybody: The Power of
Organizing Without Organizations

organize workforces into teams

Psychological Science in the Public Interest

By 2000 an estimated half

Small
Group Research
today virtually all of them do

Journal of Management
 830/929

91 percent of high-level managers

The consultant Stephen Harvill told me

over 70 percent of today’s employees

Human Relations

Post-Gazette
Real Estate
Weekly
 831/929

Interna-
tional Review of Industrial and Organizational
Psychology
 832/929

Across the Board

The amount of space per employee

shrank
Los
Angeles Times
“There has been a shift from ‘I’ to ‘we’
work”
Fast Company
Rival office manufacturer Herman
Miller, Inc.

In 2006, the Ross School of Business

Michigan Daily
 833/929

According to a 2002 nationwide survey

Contemporary Educa-
tional Psychology
 834/929

“Cooperative learning”
Cooperative Learning: A Standard for High
Achievement

Janet Farrall and Leonie Kronborg

Fusing Talent—Giftedness in Australian

Schools

“Employees are putting their whole lives

up”
Marketplace

A significant majority of the earliest

computer enthusiasts
 835/929

Australian Psycho-
logical Type Review

CyberPsychology and Be-

havior
“It’s a truism in tech”

“Why could that boy, whom I had

beaten so easily” The
Talent Code

three groups of expert violinists

Psychological Review

“Serious study alone”

 836/929

Applied Cognitive Psycho-

logy
College students who tend to study
alone
The
Chronicle of Higher Education

Even elite athletes in team sports

Human Kinetics
In many fields, Ericsson told me

ten thousand hours of Deliberate

Practice
 837/929

“intense curiosity or focused interest

seems odd to their peers”
Creativity
“because practicing music or studying
math”
Madeleine L’Engle
“My dear Mr. Babbage”
The Correspondence of Charles Darwin
Volume 2: 1837–1843

the Coding War Games

Peopleware: Productive Projects and

Teams
A mountain of recent data on open-plan
offices

Asia Pacific
Journal of Health Management
 838/929

Environment and
Behavior

Human Rela-
tions

Ergonomics

Indoor Air

Environmental Psychology
 839/929

people learn better after a quiet stroll

Psy-
chological Science

Perspectives on
Psychological Science
Another study, of 38,000 knowledge
workers

Even multitasking … a myth

Brain Rules

Backbone Entertainment

Reebok International
 840/929

Boston Globe
For ten years, beginning in 2000

Kafka, for example

Solitude: A Return to the Self

considerably more cheerful Theodor

Geisel
Dr. Seuss and Mr. Geisel: A Biography

legendary advertising man Alex Osborn

Your Creative Power

group brainstorming doesn’t actually

work

Journal of Applied Psychology

 841/929

some forty years of research

Group Facilitation

Manage-
ment Science

“business people must be insane”

Busi-
ness Strategy Review

Groups brainstorming electronically

The same is true of academic research

 842/929

Creativity Re-
search Journal
usually believe that their group per-
formed much better Group
Genius: The Creative Power of Collaboration

the fear of public humiliation

Journal of Psychology

two NCAA basketball teams

Journal of Sport Behavior

behavioral economist Dan Ariely

New York Times

Gregory Berns
 843/929

Iconoclast: A Neuroscientist
Reveals How to Think Differently

New York Times

Bi-
ological Psychiatry
heightened activation in the amygdala

face-to-face interactions create trust

 844/929

Time

population density is correlated with in-

novation
Boston Globe

creating “flexible” open plans

At Pixar Animation Studios

Effectif

Similarly, at Microsoft

Bloomberg Businessweek
 845/929

A general note on this chapter

For one of those studies, launched in

1989
The
Long Shadow of Temperament

“Carl Jung’s descriptions of the introvert

and extrovert”
reserved Tom and extroverted Ralph
Galen’s Prophecy
 846/929

Some say that temperament is the found-

ation

potent organ The

Long Shadow of Temperament
When the Frisbee looks like it’s headed
straight for your nose

Science & the City

“alert attention” Psycho-

therapy and the Highly Sensitive Person

They literally use more eye movements

 847/929

Child Development

Child Development

High-reactive kids also tend to think and

feel deeply The Highly Sensit-
ive Child: Helping Our Children Thrive When
the World Overwhelms Them
 848/929

If a high-reactive toddler breaks another

child’s toy

how a group of kids should share a

coveted toy

The Atlantic Monthly

blue eyes, allergies, and hay
fever … thin body and narrow face
Galen’s Prophecy
Take Disney movies
extroversion and introversion are
physiologically Personal-
ity: Analysis and Interpretation of Lives

40 to 50 percent heritable

Journal of
Neurobiology
 849/929

Nazi eugenics and white supremacism

Listening to Prozac

“I have been dragged, kicking and

screaming”

The publication of his early findings

Listening to Prozac
Kagan ushers me inside

describes himself as having been an

anxious An Argument for
Mind

public speaking is the number-one fear

 850/929

Clinical Psycho-
logy and Psychotherapy
Public speaking phobia has many causes
Iconoclast: A Neuroscientist
Reveals How to Think Differently

introverts are significantly more likely

Journal of Psy-
chology

Communication
Monographs

Communication Research Reports

 851/929

in a group of people, on average half of

the variability Personal-
ity
temperature or humidity

ABC Radio International

“climb a few fences … danger and ex-

citement”

“The university is filled with introverts”

if raised by attentive families in safe en-

vironments … “twigs on the same genet-
ic branch” I.D.: How
Heredity and Experience Make You Who You
Are
 852/929

The
Long Shadow of Temperament
kids acquire their sense of right and
wrong

Parenting and Chil-

dren’s Internalization of Values

Child
Development

Journal of Personality

Journal of Personality
 853/929

and Social Psychology

tragedy of a bold and exuberant tem-

perament I.D.
dubbed “the orchid hypothesis”
The At-
lantic

Molecular Psychiatry

The Journal of Child Psy-

chology and Psychiatry

Develop-
mental Psychology

Psychological
Bulletin
 854/929

Current Directions in
Psychological Science

with depression, anxiety, and shyness

Psychotherapy and the Highly Sensitive
Person

So-
cial Withdrawal, Inhibition, and Shyness in
Childhood

Psychosomatic
Medicine

Journal of Psychosomatic
Research
 855/929

Indeed, about a quarter of Kagan’s high-

reactive kids

good parenting, child care, and a stable

home environment

kind, conscientious The Highly Sens-

itive Child
They don’t necessarily turn into class
presidents

world of rhesus monkeys

British
Medical Bulletin
 856/929

Atlantic Monthly
 857/929

thought to be associated with high react-

ivity and introversion

Psychi-
atric Genetics

Molecular Psychiatry

has speculated that these high-reactive

monkeys
adolescent girls with the short allele of
the SERT gene … less anxiety on calm
days
 858/929

this difference remains at age five

Psychotherapy and the Highly Sensitive
Person
even more resistant than other kids

Development
and Psychopathology
The short allele of the SERT gene

Biological Psy-
chiatry
“sailors are so busy—and wisely—look-
ing under the water line”
 859/929

“The time and effort they invest”

“Enjoyment appears at the boundary”

Flow: The Psycho-
logy of Optimal Experience

windowless room with Dr. Carl

Schwartz

the footprint of a high- or low-reactive

temperament

Science
If you were a high-reactive baby

The Emotional Brain: The

 860/929

Mysterious Underpinnings of Emotional Life

Iconoclast: A Neuroscientist Reveals How to

Think Differently

self-talk to reassess upsetting situations

Journal of Cognitive
Neuroscience
scientists conditioned a rat The
Emotional Brain
Hans Eysenck The Per-
sonality Puzzle

high arousal levels in the brain

many different kinds of arousal

 861/929

excited fans at a soccer game

a host of evidence that introverts are

more sensitive

On the Psycho-
biology of Personality: Essays in Honor of
Marvin Zuckerman

Personality Traits

Personality Psychology:
 862/929

Domains of Knowledge About Human Nature

lemon juice The Personality Puzzle

noise level preferred by the extroverts

Journal of
Personality and Social Psychology

They can hunt for homes

House Thinking: A
Room-by-Room Look at How We Live

introverts function better than extro-

verts when sleep deprived

Journal of Sleep Research

 863/929

Drowsy extroverts behind the wheel

Personality Traits
Overarousal interferes with attention

International Handbook
of Personality and Intelligence

a cycle of dread, fear, and shame

Iconoclast

“A shy man no doubt dreads the notice”

The Expressions of the
 864/929

Emotions in Man and Animals

Easter Sunday, 1939. The Lincoln Me-

morial

And it wouldn’t have, without Eleanor

Roosevelt … to sing at the Lincoln Me-
morial Casting Her Own
Shadow: Eleanor Roosevelt and the Shaping of
Postwar Liberalism

“This was something unique” The Amer-

ican Experience: Eleanor Roosevelt

They met when he was twenty

Eleanor Roosevelt, Volume
One: 1884–1933
 865/929

The
American Experience: Eleanor Roosevelt
her first scientific publication in 1997

Journal of
Personality and Social Psychology

When she was a girl … She decided to

find out

The Highly Sensitive Person: How to

Thrive When the World Overwhelms You

The Highly Sensitive Person

in Love: Understanding and Managing Rela-
tionships When the World Overwhelms You

First Aron interviewed thirty-nine

people … lightbulb burning a touch too
 866/929

brightly

Journal of Analytical Psychology

The Highly
Sensitive Person
They feel exceptionally strong emotions

High Sensitivity,
a Personality/Temperament Trait: Lifting the
Shadow of Psychopathology
 867/929

High
Sensitivity
scientists at Stony Brook University

Social Cognitive
and Affective Neuroscience

echoes Jerome Kagan’s findings

Child
Development

Child Develop-
ment
“If you’re thinking in more complicated
ways”
 868/929

highly empathic

The Highly
Sensitive Person
 869/929

tentatively associated with sensitivity

Psychiatric Genetics

Molecular Psychiatry

show them pictures of scared faces

The Personality Puzzle

Science

faces of people experiencing strong feel-

ings
 870/929

In 1921, FDR contracted polio … how

suffering Americans felt Eleanor
Roosevelt, Volume One
The American Experience: Eleanor Roosevelt
A kind woman hands a toy to a tod-
dler … “prosocial relationships with
parents, teachers, and friends”

Child
Development

Journal of Personality
 871/929

Journal of Personality and Social Psychology

a 2010 University of Michigan study

Personality
and Social Psychology Review

related to the prevalence of social me-

dia
New York Times

when her peers were teased

The Highly Sensitive Child

the novelist Eric Malpass

The Long Long Dances
 872/929

High-reactive introverts sweat more

On the Psychobiology of
Personality: Essays in Honor of Marvin Zuck-
erman

Personality Psychology: Do-

mains of Knowledge About Human Nature

sociopaths lie at the extreme end

Psychophysiology

Journal of Abnormal Psychology

sociopaths have damaged amygdalae

 873/929

Archives of Gen-
eral Psychiatry
Lie detectors … are partially skin con-
ductance tests

supercool pulse rate during liftoff

I.D.: How Heredity and Ex-
perience Make You Who You Are

Corine Dijk

Emotion
“A blush comes online in two or three
seconds”

New York Times

“Because it is impossible to control”
 874/929

Keltner has tracked the roots of human

embarrassment … than to mind too
little Born to Be Good: The
Science of a Meaningful Life

“The type that is ‘sensitive’ or

‘reactive.’ … ‘opportunity only knocks
once’ ”

twenty-seven attributes associated

other 30 percent are extroverts

Psychotherapy and the Highly Sensitive Per-
son
More than a hundred species … what’s
going on around them

Proceed-
ings of the National Academy of Sciences
 875/929

Psychotherapy and the Highly Sensitive Per-

son
animals had parties
Evolution for Everyone: How Darwin’s Theory
Can Change the Way We Think About Our
Lives
trade-off theory of evolution

American Psychologist

When Wilson dropped metal traps

Evolution for Everyone
Trinidadian guppies

Evolution
 876/929

Behavioral Ecology

nomads who inherited

BMC Evolutionary Biology

extroverts have more sex part-

ners … commit more crimes

Personality: What Makes You

the Way You Are
 877/929

As Jung speculated almost a century

ago Psychological Types
The Collected Works of C. G. Jung

whose traits promote group survival

New York
Times
“Suppose a herd of antelope”

Comfort Zone On-

line

“hawk” and “dove” members

 878/929

Great tit birds

Evolution for Everyone

“If you send an introvert into a recep-
tion”
The New Yorker

“Most people in politics draw energy”

New
York
“It’s about the survival of the planet”

Entertainment Weekly
“warrior kings” and “priestly advisers”
 879/929

Just after 7:30 a.m.

Financial history is full of examples

ninety
Overconfidence and
 880/929

War: The Havoc and Glory of Positive Illu-

sions

The AOL–Time Warner merger

Fools Rush In: Steve Case, Jerry Levin,
and the Unmaking of AOL Time-Warner

They protect themselves better from the

downside

our limbic system

 881/929

“No, no, no! Don’t do that”

NeuroReport
what makes an extrovert an extrovert

Journal of Person-
ality and Social Psychology

Emotion

greater economic, political, and hedon-

istic ambitions
Handbook of
 882/929

Individual Differences in Social Behavior

The key seems to be positive emotion

Personality:
What Makes You the Way You Are

The basis of buzz

Be-
havioral and Brain Sciences
Personality: What
Makes You the Way You Are
Dopamine is the “reward chemical”

Personality: What
 883/929

Makes You the Way You Are

Cor-
nell Chronicle
early findings have been intriguing

In one experiment, Richard Depue

extroverts who win gambling games

Cog-
nitive Brain Research
other research has shown that the medi-
al orbitofrontal cortex
 884/929

Psychological Science

introverts “have a smaller re-

sponse” … “break a leg to get there”
Personality: What Makes You the Way
You Are
“This is great!”

Communication Mono-
graphs

“Everyone assumes that it’s good to ac-

centuate positive emotions”
 885/929

Handbook of Emotion Regu-

lation

Another disadvantage of buzz

Personality: What Makes You

the Way You Are

extroverts are more likely than intro-

verts to be killed while driving … re-
marry Personality: What Makes You
the Way You Are

Personality and Individual Differences

 886/929

extroverts are more prone than intro-

verts to overconfidence
Journal
of Research in Personality

better off with more women

New York Magazine

a strong predictor of financial risk-tak-

ing

PLoS ONE

Evolution and Human

Behavior
When faced with a low probability of
winning
 887/929

Psychopharmacology

Another study, of sixty-four traders

Traders: Risks,
Decisions, and Management in Financial Mar-
kets

delaying gratification, a crucial life skill

The New Yorker

Emotion
The Social
Animal

scientists gave participants the choice

 888/929

Science

A similar study suggests

Yet it was just this kind of risk-reward

miscalculation

Too much power was concentrated in

the hands of aggressive risk-takers

“For twenty years, the DNA”

New-
sweek
Vincent Kaminski
The Washington Post
 889/929

The New York Times

Conspiracy
of Fools: A True Story

Imagine that you’ve been invited to

Newman’s lab

Psychological Review
 890/929

Neuropsychopharmacology

introverts are “geared to inspect”

Journal of Research in Personality

more likely you are to learn

How We Decide

If you force extroverts to pause … how to

behave around warning signals in the
future
891/929
 892/929

relative performance of introverts and

extroverts

Personality and Indi-

vidual Differences
Extroverts get better grades

Learning
and Individual Differences

MBTI Manual: A Guide to the

Development and Use of the Myers-Briggs
 893/929

Type Indicator

Journal of
Psychological Type
141 college students’ knowledge

Journal of Educational Psychology

disproportionate numbers of graduate

degrees
Atlas of Type Tables

outperform extroverts on the Watson-

Glaser
 894/929

European
Journal of Personality

Introverts are not smarter than extro-

verts

Personality
and Individual Differences

those performed under time or social

pressure

Internation-
al Handbook of Personality and Intelligence
 895/929

Personality Traits

also direct their attention differ-

ently … are asking “what if”

The American Journal of Psy-

chiatry

Imagination,
Cognition and Personality
a difficult jigsaw puzzle to solve

Perceptual and Motor Skills

a complicated series of printed mazes

Personality and Individual

 896/929

Differences

Personality and Individual

Differences
Raven Standard Progressive Matrices

British Journal of Psychology

personality traits of effective call-center

employees

if you were staffing an investment bank

men who are shown erotic pictures

NeuroReport
 897/929

all introverts are constantly … vigilant

about threats

threat-vigilance is more characteristic of

a trait

Personality and Individual Differences

“If you want to determine”

The Happiness Hypothesis: Finding

 898/929

Modern Truth in Ancient Wisdom

“become independent of the social envir-

onment” Flow:
The Psychology of Optimal Experience

“Psychological theories usually assume”

The Evolving Self:
A Psychology for the Third Millennium

you probably find that your energy is

boundless
 899/929

Personality and Individual Differences

“Release Your Inner Extrovert” Busi-

nessWeek

Chuck Prince

Bloomberg BusinessWeek
Seth Klarman

Bloomberg Busi-
nessWeek

New York Times

 900/929

Michael Lewis The Big

Short: Inside the Doomsday Machine

Warren Buffett

The
Snowball: Warren Buffett and the Business of
Life
“inner scorecard”

Mike Wei
 901/929

article called “The New White Flight”

Wall Street Journal

53 were National Merit Scholar-
ship … 27 percent higher than the na-
tionwide average

Talking is simply not a focus

Foreign Affairs

the San Jose Mercury News ran an article

San Jose Mercury News

“colleges can learn to listen to their

sound of silence”

Journal
of Personality and Social Psychology
 902/929

The Journal of Research in Personality

Journal of Re-
search in Personality
Americans are some of the most extro-
verted
Personality: Analysis and Interpretation of
Lives
One study comparing eight- to ten-year-
old children

Child Development

Shyness: Development, Consolidation and

Change
Chinese high school students tell re-
searchers Beyond the
Chinese Face: Insights from Psychology
 903/929

Another study asked Asian-Americans

Asian attitudes to the spoken word

Engaging Cultural Differ-

ences in Liberal Democracies

proverbs from the East

grueling Ming dynasty–era jinshi exam

New York Times

pictures of men in dominance poses
 904/929

NeuroImage

“It is only those from an explicit tradi-

tion” Beyond the Chinese Face

taijin kyofusho Better Than

Well: American Medicine Meets the American
Dream

Tibetan Buddhist monks find inner

peace
Washington
Post
“Their civility has been well docu-
mented”
New York Times
Westernization of the past several dec-
ades
 905/929

Child Development

One study comparing European-Americ-

an

Child Development

in China

The journalist Nicholas Lemann

Slate
 906/929

“A … E … U … O … I”

Gandhi was, according to his autobio-

graphy
Gandhi: An
Autobiography: The Story of My Experiments
with Truth

The TIMSS exam

Outliers:
The Story of Success

In 1995, for example, the first year the

TIMSS was given
 907/929

In 2007, when researchers measured

cross-cultural psychologist Priscilla

Blinco
 908/929

Windows on Japanese Education

Outliers

Meet Professor Brian Little

Hippocrates, Milton, Schopenhauer,

Jung Intro-
vert Extrovert
Walter Mischel

The Personality Puzzle

 909/929

Annual Review of
Psychology

will
likely
 910/929

Moby-Dick
911/929
 912/929

social life is performance

Better Than Well: Amer-
ican Medicine Meets the American Dream

Jack Welch advised in a BusinessWeek

BusinessWeek

Free Trait Theory

 913/929

Psychological Inquiry

“To thine own self be true”

Hamlet
research psychologist named Richard
Lippa

Journal of Behavior and Person-

ality
 914/929

psychologists call “self-monitoring”

Journal of Personality and So-

cial Psychology
experience less stress while doing so

Journal of Occupational Health Psychology

“Restorative niche” is Professor Little’s

term

Person-Environment Psychology: New Direc-

tions and Perspectives

“a Free Trait Agreement”

 915/929

Personal Project
Pursuit: Goals, Action, and Human Flourish-
ing

“Emotional labor”

In Search of the
Coronary-Prone: Beyond Type A

people who suppress negative emotions

Scientific American Mind

 916/929

people who value intimacy highly

Person-
ality Psychology: Domains of Knowledge
About Human Nature

“Extroverts seem to need people as a

forum”

In a study of 132 college students

Journ-
al of Personality and Social Psychology

so-called Big Five traits

 917/929

sit them down in front of a computer

screen

Journal of Research in Personal-

ity
Personality: What Makes You
the Way You Are

equally likely to be agreeable

Psychological Science
 918/929

latter are “confrontive copers”

Personality and Individual Differ-

ences

Personality and Individual

Differences
 919/929

The Elementary
School Journal
An illuminating study by the psycholo-
gist William Graziano

Journal of Personality and Social

Psychology
robots interacted with stroke patients

The New Yorker

Experimental Robotics
Springer Tracts in Advance Robotics

University of Michigan business school

study
 920/929

Group Decision and Negoti-

ation
In her book Anger Anger: The
Misunderstood Emotion

catharsis hypothesis is a myth

Journal of Personality and

Social Psychology
Anger
people who use Botox
Discov-
er

Emotion

thirty-two pairs of introverts and extro-

verts
 921/929

Journal of Personality
and Social Psychology

It requires a kind of mental multitask-

ing

International
Handbook of Personality and Intelligence

interpreting what the other person is

saying

experiment by the developmental psy-

chologist Avril Thorne

Journal of Personality and Social Psy-

chology
 922/929

The Highly Sensitive

Child: Helping Our Children Thrive
When the World Overwhelms Them

Shyness: A
Bold New Approach

The Unwritten Rules

of Friendship

The Long Shadow of Temperament

 923/929

Nurturing the Shy Child

The Friendship
Factor

The Shy Child:

Helping Children Triumph Over Shy-
ness

Mark Twain once told a story

 924/929

this cautionary tale … by Dr. Jerry

Miller

Emily Miller

Elaine Aron Psychotherapy

and the Highly Sensitive Person

Dr. Kenneth Rubin The Friendship

Factor
“very little is made available to that
learner”

Virginia Association
for the Gifted Newsletter
Experts believe that negative public
speaking Iconoclast: A
 925/929

Neuroscientist Reveals How to Think Differ-

ently

Extroverts tend to like movement

MBTI Manual: A Guide to the
Development and Use of the Myers-Briggs
Type Indicator

MBTI Applications: A Decade of Research

on the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator

prerequisite to talent development

“they are usually very comfortable talk-

ing with one or two of their classmates”
 926/929

Don’t seat quiet kids in “high interac-

tion” areas

Communication Education

being popular isn’t necessary The

Friendship Factor

intense engagement in and commitment

to an activity
 927/929

Journal of Personality and Social Psy-

chology
the psychologist Dan McAdams

Journal of Happiness Studies

INTROVERT
EXTROVERT
the anthropologist C. A. Valentine

Eth-
nology

Personality: Analysis and

Interpretation of Lives
 928/929

Aristotle Aristoteles, Problematica Physica

The Complete Works of

Aristotle, the Revised Oxford Translation II

John Milton Per-

sonality: Analysis and Interpretation of Lives

Schopenhauer
The Wis-
dom of Life and Other Essays

Per-
sonality
@Created by PDF to ePub