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the purposeful breeding and cultivation of animals and plants for desirable characteristics.
Firming up the details took quite some time, though. Researchers did not understand exactly
how traits were passed to the next generation until the middle of the 20th century.
Now it is clear that genes are what carry our traits through generations and that genes are made of
deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA). But genes themselves don’t do the actual work. Rather,
they serve as instruction books for mak ing functional molecules such as ribonucleic acid (RNA)
and proteins, which perform the chemical reactions in our bodies.