Biodigester, bio-reactor, anaerobic
reactor- any water and air tight
plant used to process animal wastes
or manure to produce biogas and
sludge consisting of an inlet/mixing
tank, digester, gas chamber and
outlet/sludge tank
biogas plant where the digester and
gas chamber form one unit
digester and gas chamber form
separate units
plant with series of digesters
consisting of digester and a moving,
floating gasholder that either float
directly in the fermenting slurry or in
a separate water jacket
closed digester with an immovable,
rigid gas chamber and a
displacement pit
consisting of a heat-sealed plastic or
rubber bag (balloon), combining
digester and gasholder
holding tank
chamber where manure and water
are collected, stored and separated
from heavy and nonbiodegradable
materials before feeding them into
the digester
container designed for the process
of anaerobic microbiological adding or introducing anaerobic
degradation of organic matter into bacteria to the digester
which the slurry is introduced for
digestion and methanization
division in the digester that prevent
the slurry from premature exit into mixture of manure and water
the sludge/outlet tank
mixer
agitator difference in height between the
mechanical device inside the digester wall and the filling line
digester used to stir the slurry
space inside or outside the digester
for the collection and storage of level of slurry when the digesters is
biogas at full load
cantilever beam that holds the
average period that a given quantity
gasholder/movable cover in position
of slurry is retained in the digester
at the desired biogas pressure
for digestion
materials that inhibit the normal
serves as conveyor where the
growth of pathogens in the digester
effluent or the slurry is forced out
such as mineral ions, heavy metals
and detergents
digestion
various processes that take place
layer of compacted soil and gravel to among the methanogens, non-
support the digester wall methanogens and substrates fed
into the digester as inputs
anaerobic bacteria that act upon
amount of slurry fed per unit volume
organic materials and in the process,
of digester capacity per day
produce biogas
 biogas plant digester seeding

integrated plant baffle board slurry

split-type plant stirrer freeboard

multi-digester plant gas chamber filling line

floating type plant gasholder retainer retention time

fixed type outlet pipe toxic materials

balloon type plant backfill methanization

collecting tank loading rate methanogens

 serves as conveyor of the manure-
water mixture or slurry from the
mixing tank to the digester
amount of biogas produced per day
per cubic meter of slurry
settled portion or precipitate of the
slurry; a mud-like, semi-solid mass
Philippine water buffalo or swamp
buffalo
young male or female under one
year of age
enclosure for confining and handling
livestock
chute leading the cattle from the
crowding pen to the holding
chute/squeeze
building for fabrication, repair and
maintenance of tools, implements,
equipments and parts of structures
and provides a place where tools,
supplies and spare parts are stored
organic material used to produce
temperature range of 20 oC – 40 oC
biogas
where mesophilic bacteria operates
mixture of gas (composed of 50 to
70 percent methane and 30 to 40 layer of floating material (mainly
percent carbon dioxide) produced by fibrous) on the slurry
methanogenic bacteria
residue that comes out at the outlet
after the substrate is
digested/processed inside the area with its physical facilities used
digester for carabao fattening
area with its physical facilities used breeding male of any age
for cattle fattening
mature female that has already female between two to three years
calved of age which has not given birth
pen for confining animals from the pen used to funnel cattle into the
pasture working chute
chute used to load cattle from
squeeze
working chute or crowding pen to a
use to restrain animals
vehicle
area to protect machinery from
weather, theft, vandalism and to
substances on farms that are highly
allow easy maintenance and
flammable or poisonous
adjustment of machines
 inlet pipe substrate mesophilic temperature rage

gas production rate biogas scum

sludge effluent feedlot

carabao feedlot bull

calf cow heifer

corral holding pen crowding pen

working chute holding chute loading chute

workshop
machinery shed hazardous material

granular material of mineral
composition such as sand, gravel,
shell, crushed and uncrushed stone
or light weight materials
the suitable material used for
embankments
application of pressure to aggregates
to result in a dense mass free of
excessive voids. It minimizes
settlement, decreases permeability
and increases strength
product resulting from the
mechanical crushing of gravel, with
substantially all fragments having at
least one face resulting from fracture
protection of soil from disclosing by
water, wind, or other agent
the embankment material placed
above natural ground line
property of a soil which describes
the distribution of size groups
removal and disposal of trees, and
other unwanted materials below the
ground surface
the suitable material used to replace
other materials removed during
construction
structure, including supports,
erected over a depression or an
obstruction, such as water, a
highway, or a railway; having a
roadway or track for carrying traffic
or other moving loads
structural component of specified
thickness. It may consist of one layer
or more
removal of water from the road area
by the use of culverts, ditches,
channels and other several
structures
act of cutting, digging, or scooping to
remove material
access roads that connect major
road arteries to the agricultural
production areas where farm
produce are being mobilized and
transported to the market by the
farmers and fishermen
rate of increase or decrease in the
level of the land, the slope expressed
in percentage
roadway, which is divided into two
(2) or more clearly marked lanes for
vehicular traffic
the layer of aggregate, soil-treated
aggregate, treated soil, or soil
aggregate that rests upon the
Subbase or if no Subbase, upon the
sub-grade. Treatment may include
application of chemical-based soil
additives such as soil-stabilizers
and/or any approved method
removal and disposal of trees,
vegetation or other unwanted
materials from the ground surface
drainage structure that may or may
not, directly support and that
extends across and beneath a
highway street, driveway, alley,
arterial, or other public way
operations connected with
excavating and placing
embankments with soil, earth or
rock
determination of the degree of
compactness of the soil
slope of a roadway, channel, or
natural ground
preparation of the sub-grade, in line
and elevation, for application of
pavement materials including base
and surfacing materials
form of stone, brick, concrete block,
concrete, or other similar building
materials that have been bonded
together with mortar to form a
structure
 aggregates backfill base course

clearing
borrow bridge

compaction
course culvert

crushed gravel
drainage earthwork

erosion control excavation field density test

fill farm to market roads grade

grading
gradation gradient

grubbing
lane roadway traffic masonry
earth roadway, which one way is a
clearly marked lane for vehicular
traffic
concrete roadway, which one way is
clearly marked lane for vehicular
traffic
space/location/site intended to
employ traffic consideration for the
transport of agricultural products
raised structure of soil, soil
aggregate, sand or rock
written technical description of
materials, equipment, construction
systems, standards, and
workmanship that, in conjunction
with the drawings, detail the
requirements for acceptable
completion of the work
roadbed upon which the pavement
structures is placed
vehicular and non-vehicular
movement along a route such as
pedestrians, vehicles, animals, etc.
asphalt pavement roadway, which
two ways are marked lanes for
vehicular traffic
gravel roadway, which one way is
clearly marked lane for vehicular
traffic
quarried stone especially selected,
graded and placed to prevent
erosion and thereby preserve the
shape of a surface, slope, or
underlying structure
travel way or crown portion of the
roadway intended for the movement
of vehicles, exclusive of shoulders
part of the roadway next to the
traveled way or auxiliary lanes that
provide lateral support of base and
surface courses and is an emergency
stopping area for vehicles
refer to the bridges, culverts, wall,
buildings, foundations, water tanks,
transmission towers, cribbing,
caissons or coffer dams, other
similar features which may be
encountered in the work and are
classified as structures
upper portion of material which act
as foundation Subbase course
earth roadway, which two(2) ways
are marked lanes for vehicular traffic
concrete pavement roadway, on
which two lanes are marked for
vehicular traffic
asphalt pavement roadway, which
one way is clearly marked lane for
vehicular traffic
graded portion of a highway
between top and side slopes,
prepared as a foundation for the
pavement structure and shoulder
lateral design width for one lane or
two lanes strip of roadway
saving of different existing materials
from the projects which are
removed and intended to be used in
other construction
refers to the layer of the specified or
selected materials of designated
thickness in a pavement structure
immediately above the sub-grade
and below the base course
top surface of the roadbed upon
which the pavement is placed
gravel roadway, which two (2) ways
are marked lanes for vehicular traffic
a widened, unobstructed shoulder
area, about 30 meters long, that may
be used for emergency purposes or
allow slow-moving vehicles to pull
out of the carriageway to give
passing opportunity to following or
incoming vehicles
 one-lane asphalt pavement
one-lane earth road one-lane gravel road
road

riprap
one-lane concrete road road bed

road carriageway
roadway road carriageway width

road shoulder
roadway embankment salvage materials

specifications structures Subbase course

subgrade (bituminous,
subgrade (earth road) subgrade (gravel road)
concrete road)

traffic
two-lane earth road two-lane gravel road

two-lane asphalt pavement two-lane concrete pavement turn-out section

road road
 storage storage in an artificial
atmosphere in which the proportion
of carbon dioxide and/or oxygen is
precisely controlled
low portable platform made of wood
or metal or plastic or in combination
to facilitate handling, storage, or
transport of materials as a unit load
using a forklift
storage provided with good
ventilation
cartons in which the cover is
separate and fits snugly over the
bottom part
removal of heat from the interior of
the greenhouse
process of exchanging air inside the
greenhouse with outside air to
control temperature, humidity,
oxygen or carbon dioxide levels
materials that are placed around the
brooder stoves to prevent the chicks
from straying too far away from the
heat supply until they learn the
source of heat
long and narrow type of houses
wherein at least one-half of the front
and the back of the house are open
produce is piled in room-sized bins,
produce is placed in boxes or pallet
which exerts forces that must be
bins which in turn are stacked in
resisted by the building walls
storage room
storage structure with continuously coarse cloth made of jute, flax or
wetted walls hemp
individual divisions in a carton
materials used to prevent migration
formed by fiberboard dividers, each
of moisture into a storage area
cell to contain one fruit
gutter connected method of
structure that provide a reliable
greenhouse construction where
enclosure within which an
modular roof units are connected at
environment favorable to plant
the eave by a common gutter
growth can be attained
addition of heat to the interior of the
prevents excess solar radiation in the
greenhouse from any energy source
greenhouse
including the sun
ventilation of greenhouse which
occurs through controlled openings
ventilation of greenhouse using fans due to natural pressure variations
inside and outside the greenhouse
process of supplying heat to the
chicks after hatching up to the time
that their natural heat regulatory
material used as bedding for animals
mechanisms becomes fully
functional
house wherein inside conditions are
maintained as near as possible to the
animals are free to move between
bird’s optimum requirements with
resting, feeding and watering areas
the use of mechanical ventilation
and artificial lighting
controlled atmosphere bulk storage
pallet bin storage
storage

pallet drip cooler burlap

air cooled vapor barrier cell pack

ridge and furrow greenhouse

telescopic cartons greenhouse

cooling heating shading

natural ventilation
ventilation mechanical ventilation

brooding
brooder guard litter

open-sided housing enclosed housing loose housing

 young male or female under one
year of age
female between two to three years
of age which has not given birth
mature female goat that has kidded
mature female sheep that has
already lambed
material used as bedding for animals
combination of slotted and litter
type flooring wherein slats cover
60% of the total floor area and 40%
is covered with litter.
place for piglets inside the farrowing
penculling rate rate of removing
undesirable or unproductive animals
within the herd
area in which a sow is confined
during farrowing and lactation
periods, but in which the sow can
turn around
mature female that has already one to two year old cattle of either
calved sex
act of giving birth mature male goat
young goat under six months old of
doe without milk
either sex
sheep under six months of age mature male sheep
type of flooring utilizing the most
commonly available materials such type of flooring with openings to
as rice hull and rice straw and wood facilitate cleaning of the droppings
shavings over the cemented floor
refers to a male breeding swine
large nesting boxes for 3 - 6 layers
which is at least 8 months old
unbred sows which have just been
act of giving birth in swine
weaned; non-pregnant sows
farrowing crate device in which a
sow is confined during farrowing and
swine raised for meat production
lactation periods and which prevents
usually starts at 15 kg
sow from turning around
 calf cow yearling

heifer parturition buck

doe dry doe kid

ewe lamb ram

litter litter type slotted type

slot-litter type community nest boar

creep area dry sows farrowing

farrowing pen farrowing stall fattener

swine which are 66 kg and up female swine that has not farrowed swine from 40 to 65 kg

farrowing index average number of number of days an animal stays in a

piglets born in one farrowing
farrowings of one sow per year pen

lairage any premise or yard used for

any breeding female pig that has weanling piglet that has been the confinement of animals awaiting
farrowed recently separated from its mother to be slaughtered which include
unloading ramp, pens and detention
pens

detention pen separate

small animals refers to sheep, goat, large animals refers to catlle and
compartment in the lairage used to
and deer carabao
confine sick or suspected animals

slaughterhouse any building or place

tie-up type pugnacious animals are
animals are free to move in a pen used for killing of animals where the
tied within the pen while awaiting to
while awaiting to be slaughtered flesh is intended for human
be slaughtered
consumption

milking parlor building or a portion holding area area provided to

back-out stall type of stall where
of building where milking occurs but accommodate animals before
animals must back up to exit the stall
where no animals are housed milking

tissue culture growth of protoplasts,

walk-through type of stalls that
cells, tissues, shoot tips, roots, culture medium any nutrient
allows the animals to proceed
anthers, embryos, flowers and material prepared for the growth
directly forward after milking is
meristems in a laboratory medium and cultivation plant tissue
completed

asepsis condition that describes the

freedom of plant materials, culture
sterilization process of making any incubation subjecting of cultures to
medium, confines of the culture
material entirely free from living conditions favorable to the growth
vessel from contaminating
microorganism of the plant tissue
microorganisms
finisher gilt grower

litter litter index occupancy

weaner
sow

laminar flow flow air currents in
which air currents do not
intermingle
sizing process of classifying into sizes
according to criteria that may or may
not be recognized or accepted by
the industry
inspection process of determining
whether the grade standards have
been interpreted or enforced
properly by inspecting random
samples usually of predetermined
amount large enough to give an
indication of the correctness of the
grading procedure
stunning pen compartment which is
suitable for confining only one
animal at a time while it is being
stunned and which is so constructed
as to confine, without discomfort, to
prevent any substantial movement
of the animal forward, backward or
sideway
sticking severance of the major
blood vessels in the neck or
immediately anterior to the heart by
means of a knife and “stuck” shall be
construed accordingly.
dehairing removal of the hair of the
carcass
evisceration process of removing the
internal organs in the abdominal and
thoracic cavities
primary processing product handling
which include steps to make a
harvested commodity more suitable
for manufacturers or consumers
sorting Process of classifying into
groups designated by the person
classifying the produce either
according to a set of criteria or
whatever criteria he may set
packaging process to ensure
adequate protection and safe
delivery of a product from the
producer to the ultimate consumer
stunning renders an animal
insensible before it is killed
bleeding remove as much blood
from the carcass as possible before
further handling
gambrelling suspending the carcass
for particular operation
dressing preparation of carcass after
evisceration, ready for storage or
sale
grading process of classifying into
groups according to a set of
recognized criteria of quality and
size, each group bearing an accepted
name and size grouping
air change ratio ratio of the volume
of air that enters a room to the
volume of air of the empty room
slaughterhouse any building or place
used for killing of animals where the
flesh is intended for human
consumption, typical situation and
floor plan of a slaughterhouse is
illustrated in Annex A
pithing insertion of a rod or coiled
wire through the hole in the skull of
cattle made by the captive blot to
destroy the brain and spinal cord to
prevent reflex muscular action and
possible injury to operatives
scalding lowering of animal into
steam to prepare skin for dehairing
singeing cleaning the carcass by
burning the hair
splitting dividing carcass into parts
carcass all parts including viscera of
slaughtered cattle, sheep, goats or
swine that may be used for human
consumption
green offal digestive tract of
ruminants such as the stomach, or
the intestines which still contain
fecal matter
condemned meat meat which is
unfit for human consumption as
declared by a veterinary inspector
after veterinary examination
bag storage storing of paddy or corn
kernels in bags usually made of jute
(gunny) or polyethylene and
normally accommodates 44-50 kilos
moisture content amount of
moisture in the grain expressed as
percentage of the total weight of the
sample, wet basis
aerobic requires free oxygen
clean runoff runoff not
contaminated with manure such as
runoff from roofs, grassed areas,
drives and other areas which are not
animal alleys
effluent liquid waste, partially or
completely treated, flowing out of a
reservoir, basin, or wastewater
treatment plant
meat edible part of the muscle of offal part of internal organs of a
cattle, sheep, goats or swin slaughtered animal
detained meat meat requiring
black offal digestive tract of swine
further examination as declared by a
such as the stomach, or the
veterinary inspector after veterinary
intestines which still contain fecal
examination
matter
warehouse building used for storing
gut and tripe black or green offal paddy or rice and other grains in
bags
palay paddy rough rice unhulled
fumigation process of using
grain of Oryza sativa L., that is grain
chemicals to control insects in grains
with the hull/husk enclosing the
in a form of fumes
grain
aeration moving of air through
dunnage pallet “tarima” wooden
stored grains at low airflow rates
frames used on concrete floors for
(generally between 0.07 – 0.28 cubic
stacking bags to prevent direct
meter per minute per ton) for
contact between the grains and the
purposes other than drying, to
floor
maintain or improve its quality
agricultural liquid waste consist of
liquid waste and slurry resulting
from the production of livestock and anaerobic presence of free oxygen is
poultry; and processing of crops, not required
livestock and poultry
dissolved solids part of total solids
disinfection process of killing all
passing through the filter in a
pathogenic microorganisms
filtration procedure
facultative lagoons lagoons that can fixed solids part of total solids
function as aerobic or anaerobic remaining after volatile gases driven
depending on the environment off at 600oC
grit non-biodegradable component
of liquid waste composed of sand,
gravel, cinders or other heavy solid
materials
lagoon pit in the ground where liquid
waste is stored to produce a higher
quality effluent
manure accumulated moist animal
excrement that does not undergo
decomposition or drying; it include
feces and urine which may be mixed
with bedding material, spilled feed
or soil
secondary treatment treatment used
to convert dissolved or suspended
materials into a form more readily
separated from the liquid waste
being treated
suspended solids solids removed by
filtration
5-day Bio-Chemical Oxygen Demand
(BOD5 ) quantity of oxygen needed
to satisfy biochemical oxidation of
organic matter in waste sample in 5
days at 20oC
compost mix mixture of an organic
waste with amendment(s) or bulking
agent(s) in the proper proportions to
promote aerobic microbial activity
and growth and to achieve optimum
temperatures
curing process where fungi digest
the carbons not degraded during
composting and further stabilize the
nutrients
holding pond storage where liquid
waste is stored before final disposal
liners system of clay layers and/or
geosynthetic membranes used to
contain leachate and reduce or
prevent contaminant flow to
groundwater
pathogenic microorganism
microorganism capable of causing
diseases
sludge precipitate resulting from
coagulation or sedimentation of
liquid waste
total solids residue remaining after
water is removed from waste
material by evaporation
agricultural solid waste wastes
resulting from the production and
processing of crops and animals or
agricultural products, including
manures with at least 20% solids,
pruning and crop residues wherever
produced
composting controlled
decomposition of organic matter by
micro-organisms, mainly bacteria
and fungi, into a humus-like product
disposal site site where solid waste
is finally discharged and deposited
influent liquid that flows into a
containing space
lot runoff rainfall containing animal
manure
primary treatment treatment that
causes substances in liquid waste to
readily settle or float
slurry watery mixture of insoluble
solid
volatile solids part of total solids
driven off as volatile gases when
heated to 600oC
bulking agent any item used to
improve the compost structure and
to increase porosity to allow internal
air movement
C:N ratio weight ratio of carbon to
nitrogen
composting amendment any item
added to the compost mixture that
alters the moisture content, C:N
ratio, or pH
hazardous waste solid waste or
combination of solid waste which
because of its quantity,
concentration, or physical, chemical
or infectious characteristics may:
cause, or significantly contribute to
an increase in mortality or an
increase in serious irreversible, or

leachate shall refer to the liquid
produced when waste undergo
decomposition, and when water
percolate through solid waste
undergoing decomposition;
contaminated liquid that contains
dissolved and suspended materials
incapacitating reversible, illness
windrow composting involves the
arrangement of compost mix in long,
storage interim containment of solid
narrow piles or windrows that are
waste after generation and prior to
periodically turned to maintain
collection for ultimate recovery or
aerobic conditions
disposal