1.

A 6-year-old boy is admitted to the pediatric unit with chills and a fever of 104°F
(40°C). What physiological process explains why the child is at risk for
developing dyspnea?
A: Fever increases metabolic demands, requiring increased oxygen need.
B: Blood glucose stores are depleted, and the cells do not have energy to use
oxygen.
C: Carbon dioxide production increases as result of hyperventilation.
D: Carbon dioxide production decreases as a result of hypoventilation.
2. The nurse is caring for a patient who has decreased mobility. Which intervention
is a simple and cost-effective method for reducing the risks of stasis of
pulmonary secretions and decreased chest wall expansion?
A: Antibiotics
B: Frequent change of position
C: Oxygen humidification
D: Chest physiotherapy
3. A patient is admitted with severe lobar pneumonia. Which of the following
assessment findings would indicate that the patient needs airway suctioning?
A: Coughing up thick sputum only occasionally
B: Coughing up thin, watery sputum easily after nebulization
C: Decreased independent ability to cough
D: Lung sounds clear only after coughing
4. The nurse goes to assess a new patient and finds him lying supine in bed. The
patient tells the nurse that he feels short of breath. Which nursing action should
the nurse perform first?
A: Raise the head of the bed to 45 degrees.
B: Take his oxygen saturation with a pulse oximeter.
C: Take his blood pressure and respiratory rate.
D: Notify the health care provider of his shortness of breath
5. The nurse is caring for a patient who exhibits labored breathing and uses
accessory muscles. The patient has crackles in both lung bases and diminished
breath sounds. Which would be priority assessments for the nurse to perform?
(Select all that apply.)
A: SpO2 levels
B: Amount of sputum production
C: Change in respiratory rate and pattern
D: Pain in lower calf area
6. Which of the following statements made by a student nurse indicates the need
for further teaching about suctioning a patient with an endotracheal tube?
A: "Suctioning the patient requires sterile technique."
B: "I'll apply suction while rotating and withdrawing the suction catheter."
C: "I'll suction the mouth after I suction the endotracheal tube."
 D: "I'll instill 5 mL of normal saline into the tube before hyperoxygenating the
patient."
7. Two hours after surgery the nurse assesses a patient who had a chest tube
inserted during surgery. There is 200 mL of dark-red drainage in the chest tube
at this time. What is the appropriate action for the nurse to perform?
A: Record the amount and continue to monitor drainage
B: Notify the health care provider
C: Strip the chest tube starting at the chest
D: Increase the suction by 10 mm Hg
8. Which nursing intervention is appropriate for preventing atelectasis in the
postoperative patient?
A: Postural drainage
B: Chest percussion
C: Incentive spirometer
D: Suctioning
9. The nurse needs to apply oxygen to a patient who has a precise oxygen level
prescribed. Which of the following oxygen-delivery systems should the nurse
select to administer the oxygen to the patient?
A: Nasal cannula
B: Venturi mask
C: Simple face mask without inflated reservoir bag
D: Plastic face mask with inflated reservoir bag
10. Which client is most at risk for developing an upper respiratory infection?
a. A 3-year-old in preschool
b. A 13-year-old with a broken leg
c. A 20-year-old healthy adult
d. A 50 year-old non-smoker
11. The nurse is providing wellness teaching to a group of seniors in the community.
Which action is not appropriate to follow in promoting healthy breathing?
a. Eliminating or reduce the use of household pesticides and irritating
chemical substances
b. Making sure furnaces, ovens, and wood stoves are correctly ventilated
c. Providing for rest periods during the day
d. Sitting straight and standing erect to permit full lung expansion
e. None of the above
12. The nurse is to teach a client with Chronic Obstructed Pulmonary Disease safety
precautions for using oxygen at home. The nurse knows that the client
understands the safety principles discussed when he says the following:
a. "Smoking is permitted when oxygen is in use."
b. "Avoid materials that generate static electricity."
 c. "Acetone, oil, and alcohol are appropriate substances to use with clients
who are using oxygen."
d. "Fire extinguishers do not need to be stored."
13. The structure that is responsible for returning oxygenated blood to the heart is
the:
a. Pulmonary artery.
b. Pulmonary vein.
c. Superior vena cava.
d. Inferior vena cava.
14. The process of exchanging gases through the alveolar capillary membrane is
known as:
a. Disassociation.
b. Diffusion.
c. Perfusion.
d. Ventilation.
15. The nurse needs to closely monitor the oxygen status of an elderly patient
undergoing anesthesia because of which age-related change?
a. Decreased lung defense mechanisms may cause ineffective airway
clearance.
b. Thickening of the heart muscle wall decreases cardiac output.
c. Decreased lung capacity makes proper anesthesia induction more difficult.
d. Alterations in mental status prevent patients' awareness of ineffective
breathing.
16. What assessment finding is the earliest sign of hypoxia?
a. Restlessness
b. Decreased blood pressure
c. Cardiac dysrhythmias
d. Cyanosis