NSTM Ch. 223 Vol. 1 Rev. 2 Submarine Storage Batteries PDF

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S9086-G1-STM-010/CH-223V1R2
TABLE OF CONTENTS (Continued)

Paragraph Page
SECTION 2. SHIPPING, STORING, PREPARING AND

INSTALLING BATTERIES
223-2.1 SHIPMENT AND STORAGE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27

223-2.2 SPECIAL INSTRUCTIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
223-2.3 SHIPMENT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
223-2.3.1 CRATING OF CELLS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
223-2.3.2 INSPECTION UPON ARRIVAL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
223-2.3.2.1 Care During Inspection and Handling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
223-2.4 TIMING BATTERY ARRIVAL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
223-2.5 DRY CELL STORAGE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
223-2.6 WET BATTERY STORAGE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
223-2.7 FRESHENING CHARGES DURING STORAGE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
223-2.8 CELL PREPARATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
223-2.8.1 INSTRUCTIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
223-2.8.1.1 Contractor Notification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
223-2.8.1.2 Materials to be on Hand . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
223-2.8.1.3 Spare Cells . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
223-2.8.1.4 Spare Batteries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
223-2.8.2 TERMINAL RESISTANCE CHECK . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
223-2.9 ELECTROLYTE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
223-2.9.1 CARE IN HANDLING AND STORING ACID . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
223-2.9.1.1 Protective Handling Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
223-2.9.1.2 Storage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
223-2.9.2 ELECTROLYTE FOR FILLING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
223-2.9.2.1 Determining Amount of Water and Acid for Mixing Electrolyte . . . . . . 32
223-2.9.2.2 Use of 223-5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
223-2.9.2.3 Specifications for Acid and Water . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
223-2.9.2.4 Mixing Tank for Electrolyte . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
223-2.9.2.5 Specification for Filling Electrolyte . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
223-2.9.2.6 Analysis of Electrolyte . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
223-2.9.2.7 Instructions for Mixing Electrolyte . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
223-2.9.3 DISPOSAL OF ELECTROLYTE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
223-2.10 CELL FILLING AND INITIAL CYCLING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
223-2.10.1 INSTRUCTIONS FOR FILLING CELLS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
223-2.10.2 SOAK TIME . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
223-2.10.3 INITIAL CHARGE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
223-2.10.3.1 Interruption of Initial Charge . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40
223-2.10.3.2 Adjustment of Electrolyte Specific Gravity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40
223-2.10.3.3 Checking Specific Gravity Adjustment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
223-2.10.4 TEST DISCHARGES PRIOR TO INSTALLATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42
223-2.10.4.1 Capacity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42
223-2.10.4.2 Readings During Initial Test Discharges . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42
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SECTION 4. VENTILATION

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223-4.1.4.1 Air Supply for Battery Compartments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89

223-4.1.4.2 Battery Compartmen Exhaust Arrangements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89
223-4.1.4.3 Airflow Distribution Within the Battery Compartment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90
223-4.1.4.4 Air Distribution Plenums . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90
223-4.1.4.5 Battery Exhaust Emergency Relief (BEER) Damper . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91
223-4.1.4.6 Hydrogen Distribution Factor, K . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91
223-4.1.5 HYDROGEN DISPOSAL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91
223-4.2 BATTERY COMPARTMENT EXHAUST SYSTEM INSTRUMENTATION . . . 92
223-4.2.1 AIRFLOW METERS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92
223-4.2.2 SHIPYARD INSTALLATION AND CALIBRATION OF VENTURI
AIRFLOW METERS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92
223-4.2.2.1 Airflow Meter Venturi . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92
223-4.2.2.2 Venturi Airflow Meter Pressure Transmitter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92
223-4.2.2.3 Venturi Airflow Meter Calibration Procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92
223-4.2.2.4 Use of Calibration Curves . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93
223-4.2.3 SHIPYARD INSTALLATION AND CALIBRATION OF HOTWIRE
ANEMOMETERĆTYPE AIRFLOW METERS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93
223-4.2.4 HYDROGEN DETECTORS AND INDICATORS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93
223-4.2.4.1 Hydrogen Detectors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94
223-4.2.4.2 Hydrogen Detector Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94
223-4.2.4.3 Hydrogen Detector Calibration Procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94
223-4.2.5 CENTRAL ATMOSPHERE MONITORING SYSTEM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94
223-4.3 BATTERY COMPARTMENT EXHAUST SYSTEM DESIGN LIMITS . . . . . . . . 94
223-4.3.1 HYDROGEN CONCENTRATION LIMITS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94
223-4.3.1.1 Hydrogen Concentration of Battery Compartment Ventilation Air . . . . . 95
223-4.3.1.2 Hydrogen Concentration of the Ship's Atmosphere . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96
223-4.3.1.3 Equilibrium Hydrogen Concentration During Battery Charging . . . . . . . 96
223-4.3.1.4 Calculating the Time Required to Reach Equilibrium . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97
223-4.3.2 BATTERY COMPARTMENT VENTILATION REQUIREMENTS . . . . . . 98
223-4.3.2.1 Ventilation Requirements During Battery Charging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98
223-4.3.2.2 Ventilation Requirements for Battery Charging While Submerged . . . . . 100
223-4.3.2.3 Ventilation Requirements for Battery Charging While Surfaced . . . . . . . 100
223-4.3.2.4 Ventilation Requirements for Battery Charging While Snorkeling . . . . . 100
223-4.3.2.5 Q Versus C Curves for LOS ANGELES Class Submarines, Surfaced
or Submerged Operations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100
223-4.3.2.6 Q versus C Curves for LOS ANGELES Class Submarines,
Snorkel Operations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101
223-4.3.2.7 Q versus C Curves for OHIO Class Submarines, Surfaced or
Submerged Operations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 108
viii

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223-4.3.2.8 Q versus C Curves for OHIO Class Submarines, Snorkel Operations . . . 108
223-4.3.2.9 Q Versus C Curves for Submarine Classes with K=2.0, I=200 Amps,
and N=126 Cells, Surfaced or Submerged Operations . . . . . . . . . . . . 108
223-4.3.2.10 Q Versus C Curves for Submarine Classes with K=2.0, I=200 Amps,
and N=126 Cells, Snorkel Operations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 108
223-4.3.2.11 Ventilation Requirements for a Discharging or OpenĆcircuited
Battery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 108
223-4.3.3 BATTERY FINISHING RATE LIMITS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109
223-4.3.3.1 Calculating the Maximum Battery Finishing Rate for Surfaced
or Submerged Operations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109
223-4.3.3.2 Calculating the Maximum Battery Finishing Rate for Snorkel
Operations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109
223-4.4 EMERGENCY BATTERY COMPARTMENT VENTILATION
PROCEDURES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 110
223-4.4.1 EMERGENCY PROCEDURE FOR AIRFLOW METER FAILURE . . . . . 110
223-4.4.2 EMERGENCY PROCEDURE FOR HYDROGEN DETECTOR
FAILURE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 110
223-4.4.3 ESTABLISHING BATTERY COMPARTMENT VENTILATION
AFTER AN INTERRUPTION IN AIRFLOW . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 110
223-4.5 TEMPORARY BATTERY COMPARTMENT VENTILATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111
223-4.5.1 OVERBOARD DISCHARGE TEMPORARY VENTILATION
SYSTEMS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111
223-4.5.2 INBOARD DISCHARGE TEMPORARY VENTILATION SYSTEMS . . . . 112
223-4.5.3 PREPARING TEMPORARY VENTILATION SYSTEMS FOR
BATTERY CHARGING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112
223-4.5.4 TEMPORARY VENTILATION REQUIREMENTS FOR BATTERY
CHARGING - OVERBOARD DISCHARGE SYSTEMS . . . . . . . . . . . 113
223-4.5.5 TEMPORARY VENTILATION REQUIREMENTS FOR BATTERY
CHARGING - INBOARD DISCHARGE SYSTEMS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113
223-4.5.6 TEMPORARY VENTILATION REQUIREMENTS FOR A
DISCHARGING OR OPENĆCIRCUITED BATTERY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114
223-4.6 BATTERY COMPARTMENT EXHAUST SYSTEM TESTING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115
223-4.6.1 BATTERY COMPARTMENT EXHAUST SYSTEM TESTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115
223-4.6.2 BATTERY COMPARTMENT VENTILATION SYSTEM TEST
PERSONNEL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115
223-4.6.2.1 Battery Compartment Exhaust System Test Coordinators . . . . . . . . . . . . 115
223-4.6.2.2 Battery Compartment Ventilation Project Engineer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116
223-4.6.3 BATTERY COMPARTMENT EXHAUST SYSTEM TEST
EQUIPMENT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116
223-4.6.4 BATTERY COMPARTMENT EXHAUST SYSTEM TEST PLAN . . . . . . . . 116
ix

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223-6.5.1 GENERAL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 164

223-6.5.2 CHLORINE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 164
223-6.5.2.1 Harmful Effects of Chlorine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 164
223-6.5.2.2 Indication of Salting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 165
223-6.5.2.3 Procedure When Salting is Suspected . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 165
223-6.5.2.4 Rough Test for Chlorides in Electrolyte . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 165
223-6.5.2.5 Preferred Treatment for Salted Cells . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 165
223-6.5.2.6 Modified De-salting Treatment When Acid is Not Available . . . . . . . . . 166
223-6.5.2.7 Emergency Procedure When Battery Is Salted . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 167
223-6.5.2.8 Procedure if Salting Occurs While Submerged . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 167
223-6.5.3 IRON, NICKEL AND COPPER . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 167
223-6.5.3.1 Preventing Contamination . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 167
223-6.5.3.2 Harmful Effects . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 167
223-6.5.3.3 Troubleshooting Impurities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 167
223-6.5.3.4 Treatment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 168
223-6.5.4 MANGANESE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 168
223-6.5.5 AMMONIUM NITRATES AND NITRITES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 168
223-6.5.6 OTHER CONTAMINANTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 169
223-6.6 BATTERY GROUNDS AND LEAKAGE PATHS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 169
223-6.6.1 DEFINITION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 169
223-6.6.2 CAUSES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 169
223-6.6.3 TYPES OF LEAKAGE PATHS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 169
223-6.6.3.1 Hazards Caused by Leakage Paths . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 169
223-6.6.3.2 Troubleshooting Leakage Paths . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 170
223-6.7 GENERAL PRINCIPLES OF GROUND RESISTANCE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 170
223-6.7.1 CALCULATION OF GROUND RESISTANCE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 170
223-6.7.2 LIMITING VALUES OF GROUND RESISTANCE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 171
223-6.7.3 CONNECTED EQUIPMENT GROUND RESISTANCE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 171
223-6.7.4 LIGHTING EMERGENCY LIGHTING, AND AUXILIARY
POWER CIRCUIT GROUND RESISTANCE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 171
223-6.7.5 GROUND RESISTANCE METERS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 171
223-6.7.6 LOCATING GROUNDS BY VOLTMETER READINGS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 172
223-6.7.7 CLEARING GROUNDS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 172
223-6.7.8 GROUND RESISTANCE OF A BATTERY SECTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 173
223-6.7.9 GROUND RESISTANCE AND SAFETY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 174
223-6.7.10 ELECTROLYTE OVERFLOW . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 174
223-6.7.10.1 During Cell Reversal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 174
223-6.8 ELECTROLYTE AIR AGITATION SYSTEM MALFUNCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . 174
223-6.8.1 ELECTROLYTE STRATIFICATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 174
223-6.8.2 MALFUNCTION INDICATIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 176
223-6.8.3 CLOGGED OR PINCHED AIR SUPPLY TUBE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 176
223-6.8.3.1 Clogging . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 176
223-6.8.3.2 Pinching . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 176
223-6.8.3.3 Corrective Action . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 176
xiv
S9086-G1-STM-010/CH-223V1R2

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S9086-G1-STM-010/CH-223V1R2
Figure 223-1. Submarine Main Storage Battery Cells
223-1.3.1 LEADĆANTIMONY BATTERY TYPES emit stibine and arsine when charged. Lead calcium
AND INSTALLATIONS. The plate grid of a leadĆanĆ cells contain no antimony or arsenic and evolve no stiĆ
timony battery is composed of lead, alloyed with a bine or arsine. LeadĆcalcium batteries are described
small percentage of antimony. This kind of battery, below:
especially suitable for deep cycling, is used in USS
a. GUPPY I Mod C (LC) Cell: The GUPPY I
DOLPHIN battery installation consisting of two batĆ
Mod C main storage battery is designed to be used as
teries of 126 cells each.
an emergency battery in nuclear submarines. It is the
third of a series of GUPPY type batteries that have
223-1.3.2 LEADĆCALCIUM BATTERY TYPES
been designed for the Navy. This design of battery inĆ
AND INSTALLATIONS. LeadĆcalcium battery types
corporates thicker plates, hence the increase in batĆ
are used in nuclear submarines only and contain 126
tery life. This battery contains 126 cells in its configuĆ
(128 for TRIDENT) cells permanently connected in
ration.
series. The positive plate grid is made of lead, alloyed
with up to 0.085 percent calcium. This alloy makes a b. GUPPY I Mod E (LC) Cell: The GUPPY I
harder grid than pure lead. The negative plate grid is Mod E main storage battery is an advanced model
of the same alloy. Since nuclear submarines spend exĆ battery and is used in a similar manner to the Mod C
tended periods submerged, leadĆcalcium batteries battery. Mod E characteristics are similar to those of
are used in place of lead antimony batteries which the Mod C battery and have the same dimenĆ
2
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223-1.5.3BATTERY PHENOMENA ON CHARGE
#!.+ ' )+!+)"
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%3'#4' 8#5'3 -044 (30. %'--4 +/%3'#4+/) 5*' 8#5'3+/)
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cell. Instead, the mass of acid can be determined quite The observed specific gravity drop is based on meaĆ
readily by measuring the specific gravity of the elecĆ surement of the specific gravity of electrolyte drawn
trolyte and applying certain necessary corrections. from above the plates. Consequently, observed speĆ
This is the reason for the extensive use of specific cific gravity drop during discharge is less than the true
gravity measurements in connection with the operaĆ or average value for the entire electrolyte. For hourly
tion and care of lead acid storage batteries. rates equal to or longer than the 20Ćhour rate (paraĆ
graph 223-3.5.3), the difference is negligible. For the
! 10Ćhour rate, the difference is about five percent. For
". As explained in paragraph the 1Ćhour rate, however, the difference may be 50
223-1.5.2, 3.66 grams (0.129 ounces) of sulfuric acid percent, so that the Ah per observed specific gravity
are used up per Ah (paragraph 223-1.4.13) of disĆ drop are twice the theoretical. (see paragraph
charge through the battery. Tables on the density of 223-3.5.13.3 for output calculation).
sulfuric acid solutions show that a drop in specific

'
gravity (paragraph 223-1.4.14) at 26.7 C (80 F) of

0.001 (one point) corresponds to a decrease in acid
content of 1.7185 grams per liter (0.229 ounces per Characteristic curves and data are shown for each
gallon). Hence, if the volume of electrolyte is one liĆ type battery in the applicable manufacturer's service
ter, a drop in specific gravity of 0.001 corresponds to manual. A typical data sheet is shown in
1.7185/3.66 = 0.4696 Ah (and for one gallon, Figure 223-2; typical characteristic curves in
0.229/0.129 = 1.775 Ah) passing through the cell. Figure 223-3. Typical dimensions, weight, current
Consequently, for any cell, the Ah per point (Ah/pt) and power ratings, cycle life and calendar life guaranĆ
drop in specific gravity is 0.4696 times the number of tees, and manufacturer's designation are shown in
liters (1.775 times the number of gallons) of electroĆ Table 223-2.
lyte. For the battery types now in use, the theoretical
"
values of the Ah/pt are as shown in Table 223-1. The
observed value of Ah/pt drop on discharge is usually The battery forms part of the propulsion system of the
greater than the theoretical value. This is because submarine in which it is installed. Tapping a battery
specific gravity decreases faster in the electrolyte next between cells increases the drain on a portion of the
to the plates than in the electrolyte above the plates. batĆ
#$&%'

"
10

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( &$$* +&%$ * **(/ ,%"* * (* * *% #)+( **(/ ,%"* $,+" "" ,%"*
- * **(/ ) $ ( $ * #%+$* % $ %( )#"" $+#( % )+#($ $)*""*%$)
+."(/ &%-( $ +($) ,%"* *% (%+$ %( * *(#$*%$ % (%+$ (0
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223-1.9ACCESSORY EQUIPMENT AND AUXĆ * "%*%$ $ +$*%$ % * ,%"*#*() $)*""
ILIARY SYSTEMS $ * )+#($
))%(/ '+&#$* &(%, %( )+#($ )*%( 223-1.9.1.1Battery Voltmeters +"( )+#0
**() *% &(#* ) $ $* %&(*%$ $0 ($) , )$" ,%"*#*( +) %( * **(/
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223-1.9.1.2Individual Cell Voltage (ICV) Meters
%"*#*( **(/ $ $,+" ""
+#($ **() , $ $,+" "" ,%"*
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2# /# - /# (* $. #-" *- $.#-" # - 6

223-1.9.2AMMETERS '' $)./''/$*). #1 /6 !*- $/ $. ) ..-4 /* - *- $)$/$' ) !$)' - $)".
/ -4 (( / - # (*0)/ *! 0-- )/ /#-*0"# /# /* / -($) ,0)/$/4 !*- # #-" *- $.#-"
// -4 *) $/# - #-" *- $.#-" $. !*0) 4 - 6 223-1.9.4BATTERY VENTILATION SYSTEM
$)" /# // -4. (( / - // -4 1 )/$'/$*) $. ) ..-4 /* $'0/ /# #4-*" )
223-1.9.3AMPEREĆHOUR (AH) METER '' 1*'1 !-*( ' $ ''.
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draws fresh air into the battery tank from the essarily reflect a casualty to or disruption in operation
compartment above. The cell gases diffuse through of the motor or the fan. They also would not indicate
the flash arrester and mix with the airstream. The hyĆ that the air duct is obstructed or that ventilation is satĆ
drogen air mixture is then drawn into the ship's exĆ isfactory.
haust system.

. Hydrogen
d. The hydrogen concentration at a location detectors are devices that indicate the concentration
above the cells will depend in part on the air velocity of hydrogen in the atmosphere at the location being
at that point. The inlet and exhaust plenums (and the sampled. The detector works on the principle that a
recirculating fans, if installed) are designed to make hydrogenĆair mixture produces greater cooling of a
the airflow as uniform as possible. See Section 4 for heated wire than a hydrogenĆfree atmosphere. The
complete information. cooling effect is measured electrically on a meter caliĆ
. SubmaĆ brated in percent hydrogen. Devices using this effect
rine ventilation systems are equipped with airflow are called thermal conductivity types.
meters as follows: a. A portable hydrogen detector, described as
a. Airflow meters are connected to the battery a portable indicator, or gas leak detector, is provided
ventilation ductwork and measure the airflow to determine the concentration of hydrogen in the
through the duct. This quantity is the total volume of ship's atmosphere. This device can be carried into any
air passed through the battery and is, therefore, proĆ part of the ship to sample the local atmosphere.
portional to the average cell airflow. The meters only b. All submarines have permanently installed
provide an indication of the airflow rate, the operator hydrogen detector instruments. Either an Engelhard
must verify if the degree of ventilation is safe or unĆ Industries instrument (Figure 223-4), or, in the case
safe. Hence, every care should be taken to see that of TRIDENT Class, a Chrysler model SKEE 599, for
these meters are installed properly and checked reguĆ each battery tank. These instruments are a thermal
larly by qualified personnel as required by paragraph conductivity type of hydrogen detector, incorporating
223-5.5.2. two independent indicators in one case. The sensing
b. Each ship should have a set of calibration units are mounted within the battery exhaust ducts,
curves for the venturi airflow meters, plotting presĆ and electrical connections are made to the control
sure versus airflow for each venturi. These curves panel. The control panel contains meters to indicate
make it possible to check the airflow reading on the percentage of hydrogen, and direct current (dc) voltĆ
airflow meter by connecting a suitable UĆtube maĆ meters to measure bridge voltage. Two remote readĆ
nometer across the venturi. ing meters indicating the percentage of hydrogen are
also provided.
c. Gauging the amount of ventilation by fan
speed is unreliable since the ventilation may be imĆ c. The hydrogen detector reading gives the avĆ
paired by the improper closing or opening of valves or erage hydrogen concentration in the battery ventilaĆ
dampers without warning. Battery fan ammeter readĆ tion system from which the unit draws its sample. In
ings (if installed), because they merely indicate that order to minimize the possibility of an incorrect readĆ
current is flowing through the motors, would not necĆ ing on the hydrogen detector due to an erroneous setĆ
15

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S9086-G1-STM-010/CH-223V1R2
223-1.9.12.1 MixedĆbed Exchanger. In purifying 223-1.9.14 FLASH ARRESTERS. Cells are

the battery cooling or makeĆup water, a mixedĆbed equipped with porous domes through which the exĆ
type of ion exchange resin is used to combine with plosive gas generated in the cell is vented into the batĆ
positive ions and liberate hydrogen ions. The resin tery tank. These domes act as flash arresters. An exĆ
also combines with negative ions and liberates hyĆ ternal spark or flame on the outside of the dome will
droxyl ions. The hydrogen ions and the hydroxyl ions not be propagated back into the space beneath the
then combine to from water (H++OHĆ H2O). dome (Figure 223-9). Tests made at the Naval ReĆ
Therefore, under proper operating conditions, only search Laboratory on a GUPPY cell disclosed that
pure water is discharged from the mixedĆbed ion exĆ with a gassing current of 300 amperes, a spark proĆ
changer. The water will be very pure until the resin beĆ duced at the surface of the dome did not produce an
comes saturated. Saturation will be indicated by a rise explosion either outside or inside the cell. At the same
in salinity shown on the installed salinity meter. HowĆ gassing current, but with a plastic housing surroundĆ
ever, it is desirable to replace the material before satĆ ing the dome to raise the hydrogen concentration outĆ
uration occurs. Under average operating conditions, side the dome to eight percent, a spark on the outside
the mixedĆbed ion exchange resin should be replaced of the dome but within the housing caused an exploĆ
every 30 days. It is not practical to regenerate this maĆ sion. The housing bellied out and then returned to its
terial in the field. If a sharp rise in salinity is shown on original shape. There was no evidence of flashĆback
the salinity meter before 30 days have elapsed, check into the cell. The second test was repeated using an
to be sure that proper flow rate is being maintained. electricallyĆignited squib in lieu of a spark. The squib
If proper flow rate is being maintained and the saliniĆ produced a flash and a large quantity of heat and
ty becomes excessive (paragraph 223-5.2.1.1), reĆ smoke. Again, the gas within the housing exploded
place the resin. The salinity should then drop to a very but no damage was done to the cell. The second test
low value. was repeated using a charging rate of 600 amperes.
Although the hydrogen in the cell exploded, damagĆ
223-1.9.12.2 Installation of MixedĆbed Ion ExĆ ing the cover and jar, later tests have shown that the
change Unit. One mixedĆbed ion exchanger is explosion observed in the test at 600 amperes was due
installed in the ship's demineralized (DI) water supĆ to an imperfect seal between the dome and the cell
ply. This will permit about four to six liters (one to cover. With a good seal, the dome will handle a
1Ć1/2 gallons) per minute to be bypassed through the 600Ćampere charging rate without difficulty.
ion exchanger. Higher flow rates should not be used.
The unit should be mounted vertically for downflow 223-1.9.14.1 Flash Arrester Seal. Flash arresters
operation. have an OĆring gasket to seal the assembly to the cell
cover. It is important to keep in mind that the effecĆ
223-1.9.13 BATTERY WATER CONDUCTIVITY tiveness of the dome depends on its being the only
TESTERS. Water conductivity testers are being path for explosive gas to leave the cell. Any bypass will
phased out as the current stock is depleted. The silver reduce the value of the dome; any crack in the dome
nitrate test (paragraph 223-5.3.2.1) is used instead. will reduce its effectiveness.
22

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d. A turn-in document (TID) shall accompany

all battery deliveries. These documents must contain
a valid National Stock Number (NSN). In addition,
the TID will state the hazardous material contained
Where special instructions are issued covering shipĆ
in the crates by chemical name or chemical analysis.
ment and storage, they shall be followed rather than
the instructions in this volume. . All cells are
shipped in secure wooden packing cases labeled on
the top side with THIS SIDE UP." The packing cases
Complete cells are shipped dry and uncharged, or wet are plainly marked to indicate the contract number,
and fully charged, as specified in the contract. All cells type, consignee, and case and cell numbers. Cases
shall be shipped according to the Department of containing instructions for filling and initial charging,
Transportation (DOT) or equivalent military specifiĆ service manuals, and record books are so marked.
cation. Tops of cases that contain spare cells are painted gray
and marked SPARE.
a. When shipped dry, the cells are without elecĆ . When a
trolyte, but are otherwise complete. Replacement battery arrives at a naval shipyard, an inspector familĆ
batteries and spare cells are usually shipped dry and iar with storage batteries shall be detailed for inspecĆ
completely assembled. tion. When a battery arrives at a private shipyard, the
b. Cells to be shipped wet are filled with elecĆ Supervisor of Shipbuilding shall detail an inspector
trolyte and fully charged to the maximum specific familiar with storage batteries. In each case, the batĆ
gravity as close to the shipping date as practical. BatĆ tery manufacturer should be notified of the inspecĆ
teries for new construction ships are usually shipped tion date and invited to have a representative present.
wet from the manufacturer. A record of individual Whenever possible, this inspection should be conĆ
cell readings and date of charge will be furnished to ducted prior to or during the removal of the battery
the private building yard or naval shipyard by the batĆ from the carrier in order that breakage resulting from
tery manufacturer. Cells are to be inspected to verify rough handling during shipment may be definitely esĆ
that they have no leaks and are safe to handle, prior tablished. Should damage be discovered after unloadĆ
to shipment. ing, the carrier and the cognizant Defense Contract
Administration Services (DCAS) inspector at the batĆ
c. Items such as special tools, bolts, nuts and tery company should be notified at once. In the case
washers are shipped with the first truckload of new of batteries that have been shipped unusually long
cells whenever practical, to facilitate handling and distances, or where rough handling in shipment is
care of cells upon arrival at their destination. considered probable, the rows of cells at each
27

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for use in emergencies such as urgent overseas renewĆ
.
als or trucking accident casualties. CNSY will asĆ Terminals may become very hot due to high electrical
semble spare wet charged ASB-49 and TRIDENT resistance resulting from a poor metallurgical bond
batteries, for East Coast installations, as wet spare between the tin-plated copper terminal insert and
cells accumulate with each battery installation. A the surrounding lead casting. It is, therefore, imporĆ
spare battery is maintained relatively new by instalĆ tant to check terminal contact resistance prior to asĆ
ling it at the next scheduled installation of that battery sembly or cell activation. Elements are inspected durĆ
type. When a battery renewal is scheduled for CNSY, ing manufacture and each lead bus is stamped 0 if acĆ
a dry battery is drawn from supply and activated. This ceptable. The bond may weaken during shipment and
new battery is designated the wet spare and the existĆ storage and shall be checked prior to installation usĆ
ing wet spare battery is installed, thus maintaining a ing a J. W. Dice Co. model 150 or 153 or equivalent
relatively new spare at all times. Once spare batteries microhmmeter. Both positive and negative terminals
are assembled, CNSY manages spare cells in accorĆ of all elements of cells, with or without water-cooling
dance with paragraph 223-2.8.1.3, Section 5. provision, shall have each terminal resistance, RB, of
Figure 223-12, measured separately from the top of
the copper terminal to the top of
31
S9086-G1-STM-010/CH-223V1R2
4(% 3522/5.$).' ,%!$ #!34).' !4 4(% 0/).43 3(/7. / 0,/3)/. (%2%&/2% #/.4!).%23 /& !#)$ 3(!,, "% +%04
"% !##%04%$ %!#( 4%2-).!, 2%3)34!.#% 2%!$).' 3%#52%,9 34/00%2%$
3(!,, "% ,%33 4(!.
-)#2//(-3 %,,3 ./4 -%%4).'
223-2.9.2ELECTROLYTE FOR FILLING . /2;
4()3 #2)4%2)/. 3(!,, "% 2%*%#4%$ !.$ 4(% 2%!$).'3 2%;
$%2 4/ !22)6% !4 4(% 02/0%2 30%#)&)# '2!6)49 7(%. 4(%
0/24%$ 4/ 3(!,, $%4%2-).% $)3;
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0/3)4)/. /& 4(% &!),%$ 5.)43
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223-2.9ELECTROLYTE 4(!4 5,4)-!4%,9 $%3)2%$ -534 "% 53%$ &/2 &),,).' 4(%
#%,,3 .&/2-!4)/. /. 4(% 02/0%2 30%#)&)# '2!6)49 !.$
223-2.9.1CARE IN HANDLING AND STORING
15!.4)49 &/2 &),,).' )3 &52.)3(%$ ). 4(% ).3425#4)/.3 350;
ACID (% &/,,/7).' 0!2!'2!0(3 2%,!4% 4/ '%.%2!,
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223-2.9.1.1Protective Handling Equipment %2; 490% /& 34/2!'% "!44%29
3/..%, %.'!'%$ ). (!.$,).' !#)$ /2 %,%#42/,94% 3(!,,
223-2.9.2.1 Determining Amount of Water and Acid
7%!2 25""%2 !02/.3 25""%2 "//43 25""%2 ',/6%3 25";
for Mixing Electrolyte (% &/,,/7).' ).&/2-!4)/. )3
"%2 /2 0,!34)# #(%-)#!, '/'',%3 !.$ 35)4!",% (%!$ '%!2
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S9086-G1-STM-010/CH-223V1R2
Table 223-4. FREEZING TEMPERATURES OF SULFURIC ACID SOLUTIONS
+#+(! ! &%&($!% *& ' %#/ -*( &( !##!% &%&($!% *&
Sulfuric Acid, Electrolyte; for Storage ' Battery Water ) ## +) *(
Batteries $+)* +) ()*(!*!% +*!&% !% ) ## *)* '(!&( *& +) *& *($!% * * !* &)
%&* #
- ! !,) #*(&#/* '('(0 %&* &%*!% $&( * % * $.!$+$ ##&-# !$'+0
*!&% * ! ) ## *)* &( +) % (!*!) !% ''$ #

) ## +) &%#/ ! !* !) '(*!##/ &#&(#)) !% &(0 223-2.9.2.4Mixing Tank for Electrolyte #*(&#/*
% -!* *)* )'!! !% % %#/)!) ) &+# '('( !% % ''(&, $!.!% *%" #(
) &-) * * !* &) %&* &%*!% $&( * % * $.!0 %&+ *& &# * )&#+*!&% &( * *&*# %+$( &
$+$ ##&-# !$'+(!*!) !% '(*) '( $!##!&% ''$ ##) *& !## * &% *!$ % ''(&, *%" !) %&*
#
,!## !% %

"!

S9086-G1-STM-010/CH-223V1R2
Table 223-6. MAXIMUM ALLOWABLE IMPURITY LEVELS IN 1.835 SPECIFIC GRAVITY ACID
FOR MIXING
")".$"* 5 3++! 0*' 0%0 %/ *+0 ""* 1/"! #+. *5 0)&**0/ &*0+ 0%" "(" 0.+(50" (//(&*"! 0*'/ &*
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&*/&!" /%(( " $&2"* 0 ("/0 03+ +0/ +# * ,,.+2"! /%""0/ 0%.+1$% +. "-1( )5 "
&!,.++# /,%(01) ,&*0 0+ ,."2"*0 0%" "(" 0.+(50" 1/"! &* (&"1 +# ("!(&*"! 0*'/
#.+) +)&*$ &* +*0 0 3&0% 0%" ." 3++! 0 &/ ,.6 223-2.9.2.5Specification for Filling Electrolyte
0& 1(.(5 &),+.0*0 0%0 0%" &*0".&+. +# 0%" 0*' %2" (" 0.+(50" )1/0 *+0 " 1/"! #+. #&((&*$ "((/ 1*("// &0
*+ "4,+/"! *&( %"!/ +. +0%". )"0((& /1.# "/ &/ ,. 0& ((5 +(+.("// &* +.!* " 3&0% 0%" 0"/0 /,"6
&,"/ *! #&00&*$/ 1/"! #+. !&/0.&10&*$ &! /%+1(! " &#&"! &* *! 1*("// *(5/&/ +# 0%" /),("
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/," &#& ((5 ,,.+2"! 5 *'/ ,&,"/ *! )+." 0%* 0%" )4&)1) ((+3(" &),1.&0&"/ &* ,.0/
#&00&*$/ +*/0.1 0"! +# )"0( +0%". 0%* ("! ." *+0 ,". )&((&+* ,,) &* /," &#& $.2&05 /1(#1.&
/1&0(" #+. 1/" &* )&4&*$ *! !&/0.&10&*$ 00".5 &! ("
%"/" (&)&0/ ." /"! +* /,"6
"(" 0.+(50" "2"* 0%+1$% 0%"5 )5 " ,.+0" 0"! #.+) &#& $.2&05 +# # 0%" #&((&*$ "(" 0.+(50" &/ *+0
0%" &! 5 * &*/1(0&*$ (&*&*$ /1 % / .1". . '/ 0%" ((+3(" &),1.&0&"/ /%(( " !"0".)&*"! /
+. ,+.+/&05 &* 0%" (&*&*$ 3&(( &*0.+!1 " %.)#1( +*6 #+((+3/

S9086-G1-STM-010/CH-223V1R2
Table 223-7. MAXIMUM ALLOWABLE IMPURITY LEVELS IN WATER
)'"# ) %'#) $

. "(( )' ) '(*!)( )$ $)# ) "-"*" %%" $ !0
# ) !*) $' -"%! ''# )$ !$,! "%*')( # ) !*) !)'$!.)
!
($,( )) !)'$!.) $#)#( 223-2.9.2.6Analysis of Electrolyte )' %'%'0

%$*#( $
%' %$*#( $ !)'$0 )$# $ !)'$!.) $' !!# '. !!( ) !() "!
!.) $'

!$'"( $
%' !$'"( $' $*# ("%! $ ) !)'$!.) (!! (*0
$ !)'$!.) # $#(()( $

%'0 ")) )$ $+'#"#) !$')$'. $' '$' (%0
#) $
(% '+). # %'#) $ )'$#!.(( %'$' )$ *( # $'' )$ #(*' )) "0
,)' %*')( + #$) # # ) "-# %'$((
*'# !! !!# ("%! ($*! ) # '$" )
!!# $( %'$' )$ !!# ) '() # !() !!( )(
*!)%!. ) !!$,! %%" $ "%*'). # ("%!( (!! #!./ $' $#$'"# )$ '&*'0
$ !
. ) %'#) # + . "#)( $ !
'(*!)( $ )( #!.(( )$0
)$ $)# ) "-"*" %%" $ "%*')( )' ,) ) (% '+). $ ) ("%! (!!
#)'$* . ) '$ ("!'!. $' ) ,0 #)' # ) ))'. '$' $$

"#%$ !

! !

S9086-G1-STM-010/CH-223V1R2
223-2.9.2.7Instructions for Mixing Electrolyte 223-2.10CELL FILLING AND INITIAL CYCLĆ

ING
WARNING 223-2.10.1INSTRUCTIONS FOR FILLING

CELLS $&& # && .) .# & 0 & -* $!$ 3 .#
/&!/,$ $ ( (" ,)/- ) 0)$ 0$5 '(/!./, ,- **,)0 . #($& '(/& 3 )(.$(5
)& (. , .$)( ( *$(!/& /,(- -/&!/,$ /)/- *)/,$(" 0 , *,.&3 !$&& && /- .# , 5
$ '/-. &13- *)/, $(.) .# 1. , -/&.$(" /( +/& # .$(" '3 /- .# *&. - .) 1,*
( (). .# 1. , *)/, $(.) .# $ !. , .# && -.(- !), .$' .# & .,)&3. & 0 &
1$&& ,)* ( -#)/& , -.), - -,$ $( .#
'(/!./, ,- . #($& '(/&
*,",*#

!), *,). .$0 +/$*' (. 223-2.10.2SOAK TIME &&- -#&& #0 '$($5
.) /- 1#$& #(&$(" $ # $ '/-. 5 '/' -)% .$' )! #)/,- ( '2$'/' -)% .$'
.) .# 1. , -&)1&3 ( /.$)/-&3 .) *, 0 (. 2 -5 )! #)/,- !), (3 && $( .# .. ,3 #$- -)% * ,$)
-$0 # .$(" ( -*&-#$(" - .# -.,)(" $ 1$&& /- *,)0$ - !), & .,)&3. -./,.$)( )! .# *&. - (
*$(!/& /,(- # -)&/.$)( -#)/& -.$,, )(.$(/5 - *,.),- ( &-) *,)0$ - ))&$(" * ,$) !),
)/-&3 1#$& .# $ $- $(" *)/, $(.) .# 1. , .) $($.$& #," $- **&$ ./,.$)( ))&$(" .$' 1$&&
*, 0 (. .# # 0$ , $ !,)' !&)1$(" .) .# )..)' (). & -- .#( #)/,- ( (). /(.$& & .,)&3. . '5
)! .# .(% 1$.#)/. '$2$(" # ( )( (.,. $ $- * ,./, !&&- .) & -- .#( ) ().
.) 1. , .# -)&/.$)( )' - 0 ,3 #). ( #)1 0 , &&)1 '), .#( #)/,- .) &*- !. , !$&&5
'/-. &&)1 .) ))& .) **,)2$'. &3 ,))' . '5 $(" (3 && !), -.,.$(" .# $($.$& #," 0 (
* ,./, !), !$(& -* $!$ ",0$.3 , $("- , .%5 .#)/"# .# . '* ,./, '3 -.$&& #$"# , .#( , 5
( *,$), .) *)/,$(" $(.) .# &&- # -. 13 .) -.$, )'' ( .#. $- # 2. ( -)%
& .,)&3. $- 3 /-$(" & ( )'*, -- $, ,,$ .) .$' 1$&& 3$ & #$"# , $($.$& *$.$ - ( !. ,
.# )..)' )! .# .(% .#,)/"# ,/ , #)- #0$(" $(-.&&.$)( .. ,$ - 1$&& , # '2$'/' *$.3
() ' .&&$ !$..$(" 2*)- .) .# $ ! )'*, -- !. , )'*& .$(" ! 1 , 3& - !. , )'*& .$)( )! .#
$, $- (). 0$&& /- 1)) ( *& *$(. 1$.# -)% * ,$) .# && -* $!$ ",0$.3 , $("- -#)/&
. & -. .1) ).- )! ( **,)0 $*,))! -*#&5 .% ( ( -#)/& )(!),' .) .# -* $!$ ",0$.3
./' *$(. $.# $.# , -.$,,$(" ' .#) 2., ' , , +/$, ' (.- )! - .$)(
#)/& .# -* $!$

-#)/& /- .) 0)$ -*&-#$(" ), .# *, /.$)(- ",0$.3 ( ),, .$)( !)&&)1 .# *,) /, - )! - 5
.) )- ,0 $( -.),$(" ( #(&$(" $ ( !), .$)(

*,$), .) $($.$& #,"
., .' (. )! $ /,(- - *,",*#

. 223-2.10.3INITIAL CHARGE # $($.$& #," $-
.# ')-. $'*),.(. )( "$0 ( .. ,3 ! .#. #,"
223-2.9.3DISPOSAL OF ELECTROLYTE & 5 $- (). * ,!),' -.,$.&3 ),$(" .) $(-.,/.$)(- ),
.,)&3. -#&& ( /.,&$4 ( $-*)- )! $( ),5 $! . ,'$(. *, './, &3 .# .. ,3 '3 '5
( 1$.# #*. , Pollution Control , 5 " ( ( 0 , 0 &)* !/&& *$.3 # $($.$&
",& -- )! +/(.$.3 #," -#&& &13- )(

S9086-G1-STM-010/CH-223V1R2
ducted in accordance with the manufacturer's techniĆ for adjusting the specific gravity of the electrolyte
cal manual. The details of the technical manual for these instructions shall always be followed. If such
the initial charge depend upon the manufacturer, the instructions are not furnished by the manufacturer,
type of element and nature of the processing to which the specific gravity of the electrolyte in each cell shall
the element has been subjected. The manufacturer's be adjusted, upon completion of the initial charge, to
technical manual is packed with cell No. 1 and at least be within the limits of nominal specific gravity + 0.005
in every fiftieth cell packing case. The cases which (paragraph 223-5.3.4.10) as follows:
contain instructions are so marked. Every effort is
1. Allow cells to stand on open circuit until
made to ensure that the proper instructions are furĆ
electrolyte temperature has dropped below 38 C
nished with each set of cells.
(100 F) and electrolyte level has remained constant
for at least eight hours.
NOTE
2. Take and record specific gravity, temperaĆ
Samples of the electrolyte dispensed from ture and height of electrolyte in each cell; correct speĆ
the filling hose prior to filling the first and cific gravity of each cell for temperature and height of
following filling of the last cell shall be anaĆ electrolyte (if applicable) as noted in paragraph
lyzed prior to the initial charge. The reĆ 223-3.1.6.2. Tabulate corrected specific gravity for
quirements of Table 223-8 apply. Notify each cell.
NAVSEA of any failures. Following initial
3. From each cell with a corrected specific gravĆ
charge, cell specific gravity readings should
ity below the lower limit, remove the volume of elecĆ
be made and corrections performed as necĆ
trolyte specified in paragraph 223-2.10.3.2(6) and
essary.
replace with an equal volume of 1.350 specific gravity
electrolyte. However, for USS DOLPHIN (lead-anĆ
223-2.10.3.1 Interruption of Initial Charge. If reĆ timony cells) with a corrected specific gravity less than
quired by circumstances, initial charging of batteries 20 points below lower limit, see paragraph
may be interrupted as long as a minimum of 75 perĆ 223-2.10.3.2(8).
cent of the required ampere-hours of charge has
been given and the battery has been gassing for at CAUTION
least five hours. If the charge has been interrupted,
however, battery rest periods shall be eliminated, Acid stronger than 1.350 specific gravity
even if specified in the manufacturer's technical must never be added to a battery because it
manual. A full set of individual cell voltage readings will damage the plates.
(on charge) and specific gravity readings shall be
made prior to the interruption and no such interrupĆ 4. From each cell with a corrected specific gravĆ
tion shall exceed 72 hours. ity above the upper limit given in paragraph
223-5.3.4.11, remove volume of electrolyte specified
223-2.10.3.2 Adjustment of Electrolyte Specific in (6) below and replace with an equal volume of waĆ
Gravity. If the manufacturer furnishes instructions ter.
40

/(&752/<7( 6+28/' %( 5(029(' (,7+(5 %<

3(&,),& *5$9,7< '(6,5(' ,1 &(// :,7+
3803,1* ,7 7+528*+ (/(&752/<7( &+$1*,1* 78%(6 25 %< (/(&752/<7( $'-867(' 72 3523(5 /(9(/
3803,1* 287 (/(&752/<7( $%29( 7+( 723 2) 7+( 3/$7(6 $1' (/(&752/<7( 7(03(5$785( (48$/
7+528*+ 7+( 6(59,&( 23(1,1* 72
+( 92/80( 2) (/(&752/<7( 72 %( 5(029(' )25 +( 63(&,),& *5$9,7<
:,// %( 2%7$,1('
0$.,1* 60$// 63(&,),& *5$9,7< &+$1*(6 127 29(5 :+(1
32,176 7+$7 ,6 )520 72 6+$// %( '(7(5>
$ +( &$/&8/$7(' 92/80( # +$6 %((1 5(>
0,1(' )520 7+( )2//2:,1* (48$7,21
029(' )520 &(//

= >= % # +$6 %((1 5(3/$&(' %< $1 (48$/ 92/80(
# = !=
= >= 2) 0,;,1* (/(&752/<7(
& "$7(5 +$6 %((1 $''(' ,) 1(&(66$5< 72
"+(5( %5,1* (/(&752/<7( 72 1250$/ /(9(/
# !2/80( 2) (/(&752/<7( 72 %( 5(029(' ' +( (/(&752/<7( +$6 %((1 7+2528*+/<
)520 &(// $1' 5(3/$&(' %< $1 (48$/ 0,;(' $1' %528*+7 72
92/80( 2) 0,;,1* (/(&752/<7(
27( /($'$17,021<
! 27$/ 92/80( 2) (/(&752/<7( ,1 &(// :+(1 &(// 2 5$,6( 7+( &255(&7(' 63(&,),& *5$9,7< $ 60$//
),//(' 72 3523(5 /(9(/ +,6 0$< %( $02817 127 29(5 32,176 )25 $ /($'$17,021< %$7>
2%7$,1(' )520 92/80( 2) 3285,1* 7(5< $//2: /(9(/ 72 '523 %< (9$325$7,21 $1' (/(&752/<>
$&,' 6+2:1 21 7+( &859(6 $1' '$7$ 6,6 817,/ 7+( )8// &+$5*( 63(&,),& *5$9,7< &255(&7(' )25
3/$1 7(03(5$785( 72 %87 127 )25 +(,*+7 ,6
:,7+,1 7+( '(6,5(' 5$1*( +(1 ),// 72 1250$/ /(9(/
2 3(&,),& *5$9,7< 2) (/(&752/<7( ,1 &(//
:,7+ (/(&752/<7( 2) 120,1$/ 63(&,),& *5$9,7<
&255(&7(' )25 7(03(5$785( %87 127
&255(&7(' )25 +(,*+7 2) (/(&752/<7( ! "&$' %#$(
$ +( $&&85$&< 2) 7+( 63(&,),& *5$9,7< $'-8670(17
3(&,),& *5$9,7< 2) (/(&752/<7( ,1 &(//
6+28/' $/:$<6 %( &+(&.(' +,6 &+(&. 0$< %( 0$'( (,>
&255(&7(' )25 7(03(5$785( $1'
7+(5 $)7(5 7+( $'',7,21 2) 0,;,1* (/(&752/<7( 25 $)7(5
+(,*+7 2) (/(&752/<7(
7+( $'',7,21 2) 0,;,1* (/(&752/<7( )2//2:(' %< 7+(
3(&,),& *5$9,7< 2) 0,;,1* (/(&752> $'',7,21 2) :$7(5 ,) 1(&(66$5< 72 %5,1* 7+( (/(&752/<7(
/<7( 3(&,),& *5$9,7< 2)
,) 72 7+( 1250$/ /(9(/ 2 0$.( 7+,6 &+(&. *,9( 7+( %$7>

63(&,),&*5$9,7< $&,' ,6 $''(' 7(5< $ 0,;,1* &+$5*( $7 7+( ),1,6+,1* 5$7( 817,/ 7+(
72 5$,6( (/(&752/<7( 63(&,),& *5$9,7< 63(&,),& *5$9,7< +$6 5(0$,1(' 81&+$1*(' )25 $7 /($67
25 ,) :$7(5 ,6 $''(' 72 '(> 21( +285 2//2:,1* 7+( &+$5*( $//2: 7+( %$77(5< 72
&5($6( ,7 67$1' 817,/ 7+( (/(&752/<7( 7(03(5$785( +$6

S9086-G1-STM-010/CH-223V1R2
fallen below 38 C (100 F) and the electrolyte level charge rate (paragraph 223-2.10.4) until either the
has remained constant for at least eight hours. Repeat voltage of the whole battery falls to the battery low-
the procedure outlined in paragraph 223-2.10.3.2. If voltage limit or the voltage of any cell falls to the miniĆ
the corrected specific gravity for every cell is within mum final cell voltage, whichever occurs first. The disĆ
the limits specified, the adjustment of specific gravity charge is then stopped. In order to determine whether
is complete. Adjust any cell having a corrected specifĆ the test discharge is satisfactory or not, refer to disĆ
ic gravity which falls outside the limits given in paraĆ charge characteristics on the curves and data plan for
graph 223-5.3.4.11. the battery and find the time of discharge at the 6-
to 10-hour rate for an initial temperature equal to
223-2.10.4 TEST DISCHARGES PRIOR TO
that of the battery at the start of the test discharge. If
INSTALLATION. The test discharge allows initial
the measured time duration of the test discharge is
battery capacity to be determined. It also helps build
equal to or greater than the 90% of figure obtained
up the battery capacity. Dry cells prepared for service
from the plan, the test discharge is satisfactory. See
at a shipyard or base shall be given at least one test disĆ
paragraph 223-3.5.4 for low voltage limits. If the iniĆ
charge prior to installation. This discharge shall be
tial rate is equal to the service rate, the time of disĆ
given following the initial charge and adjustment of
charge of a satisfactory battery is specified on the
specific gravity (paragraph 223-2.10.3.2). The test
manufacturer's instructions for putting cells into serĆ
discharge shall be conducted at the 6-hour or at the
vice. (see paragraph 223-3.5.8 for initial and service
10-hour rate.
rates)
223-2.10.4.1 Capacity. The manufacturer's instrucĆ
tions for putting cells into service outline a procedure
223-2.10.5 EQUALIZING CHARGE PRIOR TO
for accelerating the development of full capacity. This
INSTALLATION. Following satisfactory completion
procedure should be incorporated in the testing
of the initial test discharge, give the battery an equalĆ
schedule.
izing charge returning 140-percent charge back
223-2.10.4.2 Readings During Initial Test DisĆ (paragraph 223-3.5.8(b)); then, check the specific
charges. Readings of total battery voltage, pilot cell gravity of each cell, and adjust again, if necessary
voltage, temperature and specific gravity (corrected (paragraph 223-2.10.3.3).
for temperature and electrolyte level, if applicable)
shall be taken and recorded at the start of the test disĆ
223-2.10.6 ELECTROLYTE ANALYSIS PRIOR
charge and at each succeeding half hour. Similar readĆ
TO INSTALLATION. After completing the equalizĆ
ings of all cells shall be taken and recorded every hour
ing charge (paragraph 223-2.10.5), take approxiĆ
after the first four hours, and, as the low voltage limit
mately a 150 ml (or five ounce) sample of electrolyte
is approached, as often as necessary to ensure that no
from each pilot cell and forward it to a Government
cell is discharged below the minimum final cell voltage
laboratory for analysis for impurities listed in
(paragraph 223-3.5.4.1).
Table 223-18. Replace the electrolyte removed with
223-2.10.4.3 Initial Test Discharge. The discharge an equal volume of pure electrolyte of the same speĆ
current is maintained constant at the proper disĆ cific gravity.
42
S9086-G1-STM-010/CH-223V1R2
If the electrolyte analysis indicates that the electroĆ of the battery tanks. These air flasks and their stowĆ
lyte is unsatisfactory, submit a report to NAVSEA givĆ age are accessible for inspection only when the batĆ
ing the probable source of the impurities and the reĆ tery is out of the tank. Consequently, take advantage
medial action taken. This information shall also be of this time to make necessary repairs. Inspect battery
entered in the battery record book. sumps and suction pipes for proper condition. Inspect
entire ventilation system, including such items as lead
223-2.10.7 REPORT AND PREPARATION REĆ
ducts, sheet-metal sections, dampers, blower impelĆ
CORDS RETENTION. A report consisting of the folĆ
lers and motors, and valves, and repair as necessary.
lowing information shall be prepared and retained by
the preparing activity for 7-1/2 years, thereafter, the 223-2.11.2 PREPARATION OF THE BATTERY
report may be destroyed. NAVSEA may request coĆ TANK. Fit fillers or cribbing to tank sides and ends to
pies of these records on a per case basis within the take up any inequalities. The battery space must be
time periods stated, which represent the maximum square, plumb and dimensioned exactly as shown on
possible battery age. The report shall: the battery-layout drawing. All nonparaffin impregĆ
nated woodwork used in the battery tank should be
a. Give the type and contract number of batterĆ
well coated with approved acid-proof paint both beĆ
ies and a brief, dated log listing principal events, with
fore and after fitting.
dates. Include any departures from prescribed
instructions and the reason why these departures 223-2.11.3 REMOVAL OF CELLS FROM SHIPĆ
were necessary. It shall also include any pertinent PING CRATES. Remove cells shipped wet from their
comment or recommendations. shipping crates by removing shipping crate cover and
loosening all tie rods. Ensure lifting devices are insuĆ
b. Present individual cell voltage and corrected
lated to prevent short circuits when handling charged
specific gravity readings at end of the equalizing
cells. Attach cell-lifting device to cell terminals and
charge just prior to installation. This may be presĆ
apply a slight tension to cell terminals only. Then atĆ
ented as a graph.
tach lifting device to the cell and hoist cell from its
c. List cell numbers, as installed, with the shipping crate by a straight lift until cell is clear. LiftĆ
manufacturer's serial number of each. ing devices are equipped with straps that hook under
the cell bottom. Lifting devices and straps must be
d. Give results of electrolyte analysis.
firmly tightened before cells are lifted by cell termiĆ
223-2.11 INSTALLATION OF CELLS IN SHIP nals.
223-2.11.1 INSPECTION OF BATTERY AREA. 223-2.11.3.1 Disposition of Shipping Crates. ConĆ
Before installing the battery in the ship, ensure that tracts for new construction submarines generally proĆ
the battery tank, battery-tank lining and woodwork vide for return of shipping crates to the preparing acĆ
are in proper condition to receive it. In some submaĆ tivity. Shipping crates will be returned in the
rines, high-pressure air flasks are installed outboard knocked-down condition unless otherwise specified.
43

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*=5*7.*3(*) 9-* (*11 -&8 5&88*) 9-* &.7 57*88:7* 9*89 '>5&88 <.11 7*):(* 9-* ;&1:* 4+ 9-*

S9086-G1-STM-010/CH-223V1R2
$/-% ! #2!#+ 7),, 2%$5#% )43 %&&%#4)6%.%33 /-%3 & 4(% 2%!$).' )3 ,/7 $/ ./4 !335-% !4 /.#%
3(/5,$ 4(%2%&/2% "% 6)35!,,9 ).30%#4%$ &/2 #2!#+3 "%: 4(!4 ! ,%!+ 4(2/5'( 4(% *!2,).%2 !33%-",9 %8)343
&/2% ).34!,,!4)/. ,!3( !22%34%23 (!6% !. 2).' '!3: (%#+ 4(% ,%!$ &2/- 4(% -%'/(--%4%2 4/ 4(% 4%34
+%4 4/ 3%!, 4(% !33%-",9 4/ 4(% #%,, #/6%2 7()#( 7),, 02/"% 4/ -!+% 352% 4(!4 )4 )3 ).35,!4%$ %6%297(%2%
')6% ! '!34)'(4 3%!, 7(%. 4)'(4,9 3#2%7%$ "9 (!.$ ).4/ !3( !.$ $29 4(% %.4)2% #/6%2 !.$ 4/0 %$'%3 /& 4(% *!2
4(% #%,, #/6%2 4/ -!+% 352% 4(!4 4(% 2%!$).' )3 ./4 $5% 4/ 352&!#%
,%!+!'% #!53%$ "9 -/)3452% /2 ()'( !)2 (5-)$)49 & !
223-2.11.4.3Dielectric Test for Leaky Jar/Liner AsĆ ,/7 2%!$).' )3 34),, /"4!).%$ 4(% #%,, (!3 ! ,%!+
sembly $)%,%#42)# 4%34 53).' 6/,43 -).)-5- ,%!+9 #%,, 3(/5,$ "% 2%*%#4%$
3(!,, "% -!$% /. %!#( #%,, *534 02)/2 4/ ,/7%2).' 4(%
#%,, ).4/ 4(% 35"-!2).% %34 02/#%$52% )3 !3 &/,,/73 &4%2 4%34).' 7)0% 4(% #/6%2 !.$ ",/7 $29
4(% /543)$% /& 4(% #%,, 7)4( ,/702%3352% !)2 "%&/2%
3% ! 4!.+ !"/54 -- 47/ ).#(%3 ()'(%2 ).34!,,).' )4 ). 4(% 3()0
4(!. 4(% *!2 !.$ ,!2'% %./5'( ). !2%! 3/ 4(!4 4(%2% 7),, 223-2.11.4.4Service Opening Caps to be In Place
"% !4 ,%!34 -- &/52 ).#(%3 #,%!2!.#% !,, !2/5.$ %&/2% ,/7%2).' 4(% #%,,3 ).4/ 4(% 3()0 !,, #!03 3(/5,$
4(% *!2 7(%. )4 )3 0,!#%$ ). 4(% 4!.+ (% 4!.+ -!9 "% "% ). 0,!#% 4/ 02%6%.4 4(% %.429 /& &/2%)'. -!44%2 $52:
-%4!, /2 7//$ /7%6%2 ). 4(% ,!44%2 #!3% 4(% 4!.+ ).' ).34!,,!4)/. ,!3( !22%34%23 !2% ./4 ).34!,,%$ !4
3(/5,$ "% 02/6)$%$ 7)4( ! -%4!, '2/5.$).' 342)0 %8: 4()3 4)-% $5% 4/ ).4%2&%2%.#% 7)4( 4(% ,)&4).' $%6)#%
4%.$).' &2/- 4(% 2)- /& 4(% 4!.+ ).4/ 4(% 3/,54)/. 4(% ",!.+).' #/6%2 7)4( ! 4(2%!$%$ /2 4)'(4 &2)#4)/. &!34%.:
4!.+ )3 0!24,9 &),,%$ 7)4( ).' )3 35"34)454%$ &/2 4(% &,!3( !22%34%2 /6%2!'% 7)4(
-!3+).' 4!0% /2 3)-),!2 -%!.3 )3 ).!$%15!4% 4/ 02/:

),, 4!.+ 0!24,9 7)4( 7!4%2 !.$ !$$ 35&&)#)%.4 6)$% 4(% .%%$%$ 02/4%#4)/.
!--/.)! 4/ -!+% ! $),54% 3/,54)/. /7%2 #%,, ).4/
4!.+ 3,/7,9 0!24)#5,!2,9 7(%. 4%34).' 4(% &)234 #%,, 3/ 223-2.11.4.5USS DOLPHIN Air Test of Water-
!3 4/ %.352% 4(% 7!4%2 $/%3 ./4 #/-% /6%2 4(% 4/0 /& cooling Channel3 %,,3 (!6).' 7!4%2#//,).' #(!.:
4(% *!2 !.$ /.4/ 4(% #/6%2 (% (%)'(4 /& 4(% 7!4%2 .%,3 3(!,, "% 4%34%$ &/2 ).4%'2)49 /& 4(% #(!..%,3 !&4%2
3(/5,$ "%
-- /.% ).#( "%,/7 4(% 4/0 /& 4(% *!2 4(% &/2-!4)/. #9#,%3 "9 #!00).' /.% %.$ /& 4(% #(!.:
7(%. 4(% #%,, )3 2%34).' /. 4(% "/44/- /& 4(% 4!.+ 4 .%, !.$ !00,9).'
+ 03)' !)2 02%3352% !4 4(%
7),, "% .%#%33!29 4/ !$$ 7!4%2 !3 7%,, !3 !--/.)! /4(%2 %.$ &/2 !4 ,%!34 /.% -).54% / $2/0 ). 02%3:
&2/- 4)-% 4/ 4)-% (%. 4(% /543)$% !)2 4%-0%2!452% 352% 3(!,, "% 0%2-)44%$ .34!,,).' !#4)6)4)%3 3(!,, #/.:
)3 "%,/7
4()3 4%34 3(/5,$ "% -!$% ).$//23 $5#4 4()3 4%34 /. !,, #%,,3 02)/2 4/ ).34!,,!4)/. !.$ !&4%2
!3 .%!2 4(% 4)-% /& ).34!,,!4)/. !3 0/33)",% ).34!,,!4)/. 0!2!'2!0(

223-2.11.5INSTALLATION OF CELLS IN BATĆ
%4!#( ,)&4).' $%6)#% 3).' ! 6/,4 -%:
TERY TANK
'/(--%4%2 /2 $# 3/52#% !.$ 6/,4-%4%2 /"4!).
! 2%!$).' "%47%%. ! #%,, 4%2-).!, !.$ 4(% -%4!, 4!.+ ! /#!4)/. /& 4(% (!4#(%3 !.$ 42)- /& 4(% 3()0
/2 '2/5.$).' 342)0 (% -%4%2 -534 ).$)#!4% ! 2%3)3: 7),, 535!,,9 $%4%2-).% !4 7()#( %.$ /& 4(% "!44%29 4!.+
4!.#% /& !4 ,%!34 -%'/(-3 /2 !. %15)6!,%.4 6/,4: 4/ 34!24 ).34!,,).' 4(% "!44%29 & 4(% (!4#( )3 50 "9 4(%
!'% &2/- 4(% 30%#)&)# #%,, 490% )'52%
"/7 4(% &)234 #%,, ).34!,,%$ 3(/5,$ "% !4 4(% !&4%2

end of the tank, and vice versa, working toward the ing placed. These spacers should be 64 mm (2-1/2
opposite end as the installation progresses. Battery in.) wide and 0.8 mm (1/32 in.) thinner than a pair of
renewals should duplicate the original installation unĆ wedges. About 150 mm (six in.) from the top, the
less modified by Ship Alteration (SHIPALT). To enĆ spacer should be 20 mm (3/4 in.) thicker than its reĆ
sure exact duplication, the installation shall be made maining length, so as to provide a stop which will rest
as shown on applicable ship's plans, except where obĆ on top of the jar wall. An easy way to accomplish this
vious violations of approved practices are uncovered. is to fasten to the spacer, by means of screws, a cleat
This is of prime importance with respect to wedging 150 mm (six inches) long by 20 mm (3/4 in.) thick.
and providing filler pieces over and around crib bolts,
since improper wedging and cribbing can result in
c. Spot each cell into position as accurately as
shifting of cells and leakage of electrolyte.
possible, ensuring that the rubber tank lining is not
b. To aid in installation, several temporary damaged and avoiding accidental removal of the
wood spacers should be used for spacing a cell being acid-resisting paint on the tanks. Before spotting the
installed from the cell or cells alongside which it is beĆ cell, hang the spacers by the cleats from the top
46

,/+"/0 ,# 1%" ")) ,/ "))0 )/"!6 &+ -,0&1&,+ +! "#"/ 1, 1%" 0%&-2&)!"/0 -)+ 0%,4&+$ 1%" !"1&)0 ,#
-20% 1%" +"4 ")) %/! $&+01 1%" 0- "/0 4,,!4,/( +! &+01)) 1%" 4"!$"0 0 ))"! #,/ &+ 1%&0
-)+ +1"/ ")) ,++" 1&,+0 4&)) +,1 #&1 &# 1%" "))0 /"
! (" /" 1, "+02/" 1%1 ,21,/! "))0 +!
+,1 -/,-"/)6 //+$"!
"))0 ),+$0&!" -/1&1&,+0 ,/ 2)(%"!0 /" -) "! 0
),0" 0 -,00&)" $&+01 1%" #&))"/ ,/ 4,,!4,/( (" (%+%'# *$" "!#") %"+ )) 1%" "))0
-/" 21&,+0 1, "+02/" 1%1 )) -/1&1&,+0 /" 02##&8 &+ ,+" 1+( ,/ ,*-/1*"+1 %3" ""+ -) "! &+ -,0&8
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'/0 + !/&3&+$ 1%" 4"!$"0 "+02/" 1%1 ")) -,010 ,#
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+! 20"! 0 #,)),40 1+ " -/1 0, 1%1 1%" ")) ,++" 1,/0 4&)) #&1 &+ -) "
")) ,++" 1,/0 0%)) +,1 " ,)1"! 2+1&) 4"!$&+$ %0
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02&1)" %/!4,,! ,/ -)01& + + #,)),4&+$ *++"/
"*"/$"+ 6 + ".2&3)"+1 %/!4,,! *6 " 20"! 21
0,#14,,! 02 % 0 0-/2 " 0%,2)! +,1 " ,+0&!"/"! 1/1 4&1% 1%" %&$%"01 4"!$"0 !/&3&+$ 1%"*
%"+ 4"!$"0 /" /"*,3"! -/&,/ 1, )&#1&+$ ")) ,21
** 0&5 &+ %"0 1 1&*" # "))0 /"
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,# 1%" 4"!$" -2))"/ +! 20" ")) '/0 1, /"( 4"!$"0 "14""+ 1%" "))0 0-,11"! #&/01 4&)) $"+"/))6 "
1%" 1&$%1"01 + 1%&0 0" 1%"0" 4"!$"0 0%,2)! " !/&38
,,! 4"!$"0 +! +6 4,,! #&))"/0 +! /&8
"+ #&/01 ,+ " % /,2+! ,# !/&3&+$
&+$ 1%1 *&$%1 " 20"! 1 1%" 0&!"0 +! "+!0 ,# 1+(0
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*1" 0&7" +! 1%"+ &*-/"$+1"! 4&1% -/##&+ 0 #,)8 1%+
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),40 0 1%"6 + " !/&3"+ 4&1%,21 /&0( ,# !*$" 1, 1%"

,&) &+ 1% ,# *")1"! -/##&+ 45 1 '/0 # 1%" 1+( +! 4,,!4,/( /" 2&)1 1, -/"0 /&"!
1"*-"/12/" "14""+
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%,*" 4&1%,21 !&##& 2)16
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*2* -"+"1/1&,+ ,# 1%" 4,,! 6 1%" -/##&+ /&0( ,# !*$&+$ 1%" '/0 1%"6 0%,2)! " )),4"! 1,
01+! ,3"/+&$%1 ,/ ),+$"/ &# 1&*" -"/*&10 + *,01
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16 #1"/ 0"3"/) !60 ,# 01+!&+$ &# +6 ,# 1%" 4"!$"0
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1+(0 1%" )6,21 -/,3&!"0 1%1 "/1&+ "))0 4&)) " !8 "3"/ 0%)) 4"!$" " 21 ,## *,/" 1%+ ,+"#,2/1%
' "+1 1, " % ,1%"/ 4&1%,21 4"!$"0 "14""+ 1%"* &10 1,1) )"+$1%

S9086-G1-STM-010/CH-223V1R2
WARNING '&99*7> 9&30 #.5* (1*&3 <.9- & (149- )&25*3*) <.9-
<&9*7
!&+*9> 57*(&:9.438 5*7 8*(9.43

223-2.11.8INSTALLING CONNECTORS *&)
8-&11 '* 4'8*7;*) "-* 574(*):7*8 4+ 9-&9 51&9*) 47 89&.31*88 89**1 89&.31*88 431> 3:98 '4198
8*(9.43 8-&11 '* 5*7+472*) 57.47 94 ':88.3, &3) <&8-*78 &7* :8*) !9&.31*88 89**1 -&7)<&7* .8 :8*)
:5 9-* '&99*7> .3 &11 .389&11&9.438 2&)* &+9*7 &3:&7> #-*3
89&.31*88 89**1 .8 :8*) & 89&.31*88 89**1 14(03:9 .8
:8*) "-* 14(03:9 .8 (4&9*) <.9- 241>')*3:2 ).8:1@
) #*),*8 8-&11 '* (:9 4++ +1:8- <.9- (*11 /&7 574@ +.)* 41> 4&9 & )7>+.12 1:'7.(&39 <-.(- 2:89
;.)*) 9-*> (&3349 '* )7.;*3 -42* 7*(&:9.438 349 '* 7*24;*) "-* 14(03:9 7*6:.7*8 & 3*<943
8-4:1) '* 9&0*3 94 5749*(9 '&99*7> 9*72.3&18 &3) /&78 2*9*7 2 $
.3(-54:3) .31'% 9:7343
"-* '1&)* 4+ 9-* 8&< :8*) +47 <*),* (:9 4++ 8-4:1) '* 9476:* &3) <.11 4;*7-*&9 &3) 8*.?* .+ 9-* 1:'7.(&39 .8
34 143,*7 9-&3 9-* ).89&3(* '*9<**3 9-* (*11 9*72.@ 7*24;*) #-*3 1*&)(4&9*) -&7)<&7* .8 :8*) &551>
3&18 24).+.(&9.438 8-4:1) '* 2&)* 94 9-* 8&< .3 47@ & -*&;> 2.3*7&1 ,7*&8*
7*&8*
)*7 94 (4251> 3 &)).9.43 9-* 8&< -&3)1* &3) 343@ .,- *7+472&3(* :19.5:7548* +7**1> 94 3:98 &3)
(:99.3, *),* 4+ 9-* '1&)* 8-&11 '* .38:1&9*) &8 3*(*8@ '4198 *,&7)1*88 4+ -&7)<&7* :8*) ,7*&8* 9*72.3&1
8&7> 94 5749*(9 5*78433*1 &3) '&99*7> (*118 11 <44) (439&(9 8:7+&(*8 419 (433*(9.438 .3 51&(* &((47).3,
(-.58 ):89 &3) 8-&;.3,8 8-&11 '* 9-474:,-1> ;&(:@ 94 9-* '&99*7> 51&3 *;*7 897&.3 9-* 9*72.3&1 .3 2&0@
:2*) +742 9-* '&99*7> <*11 .3, 9-* (433*(9.43 &22*7.3, 9*72.3&18 .8 574-.'@
.9*) '*(&:8* .9 (&3 .25&.7 9-* '43) '*9<**3 9-* 1*&)
223-2.11.6.3Air Pressure Tests After Installing
(&8.3, &3) 9-* (455*7 .38*79 .3 9-* (*11 ':8 '&78 43@
Wedges +9*7 51&(*2*39 &3) .389&11&9.43 4+ <*),*8
3*(9478 &7* 2&3:+&(9:7*) <.9- -41*8 4+ & ).&2*9*7
5&7&,7&5-

&3) 57.47 94 .389&11&9.43 4+
,7*&9*7 9-&3 9-* ).&2*9*7 4+ 9-* '4198 + & (433*(947
(433*(9478 5&7&,7&5-

9-* (4;*794
)4*8 349 +.9 *&8.1> :8* 43* <.9- & 1&7,*7 ).89&3(* '*@
1.3*7 8*&1 &.757*88:7* 9*89 5&7&,7&5-

9<**3 -41*8 + 9-* (433*(947 89.11 )4*8 349 +.9 .9 2&>
47

8-&11 '* 7*5*&9*)
'* *143,&9*) 94 & 2&=.2:2 4+ 22 .3 .3 <.)9-
'>
22 43* .3(- .3 1*3,9- 4&9 9-* '&7* (455*7
223-2.11.7CLEANING CELL POSTS AND COVĆ
8:7+&(* +7**1> <.9- ,7*&8* 94 57*;*39 (47748.43
ERS *+47* .389&11.3, (*11 (433*(9478 <&8- 9-* (*11
54898 <.9- & (149- )&25*3*) .3 '&0.3, 84)& 841:9.43 223-2.11.8.1Tightening Connectors "476:* 3:98
9-&9 (439&.38 34 247* 9-&3 ,7&281.97* 4+ '&0.3, &3) '4198 94
2 .31' :8.3, 9-*
84)& !:7+&(*8 8-4:1) 9-*3 '* '7.,-9*3*) <.9- +.3* 85*(.&11> )*8.,3*) &3) .38:1&9*) 9476:* <7*3(- 85*(.@
8&3)5&5*7 3&82:(- &8 9-* 5749*(9.;* 1*&) (4&9.3, .8 +.*) .3 8*(9.43
"-* -&3)1* -&8 9-7** 2&@

431> 2.(742*9*78 9<4 2.18 9-.(0 9&0* (&7* 349 94 (-.3*) ,744;*8 94 .)*39.+> 9-* &7*& 94 '* ,7.55*) '>
1&> '&7* 9-* (455*7 8:7+&(* #.5* 4++ 9-* 9458 4+ 9-* 9-* :8*7 <-*3 &551>.3, 9476:* "-* <7*3(- .8 &3 &:).@
(*11 (4;*78 <.9- & (149- )&25*3*) .3 '&0.3, 84)& *3@ '1* '7*&0&<&> 9>5* 9 <.11 &114< 9-* *3) 4+ 9-* -&3)1*
8:7.3, 9-&9 9-* 841:9.43 )4*8 349 ,*9 .394 9-* (*118 47 94 +7**97&;*1 &5574=.2&9*1> 22

(1/2 in.) when 59.5 + 3 Nm (525 + 25 in-lb) of torque the intercell connectors, except for the voltmeter lead
is reached. To continue to tighten after the handle has at the positive end of each battery, which shall be conĆ
broken away will cause overtorquing of the bolt. The nected to a fuse box mounted on the positive battery
wrench may be used to loosen nuts and bolts, but the terminal. Voltmeter leads shall be assembled into a
torque feature is accurate only for tightening in the cable and supported so as to be clear of all parts of the
clockwise direction. Included with the wrench are a 20 cell and intercell connectors. The cable shall be seĆ
mm (3/4 in.) and 21 mm (13/16 in.) six-point impact cured to prevent sagging or motion that might cause
socket to be used only for battery maintenance and it to fray.
only on nuts and bolts of proper size. Proper torque
values are achieved only when proper-sized tools are
used and only if torque is applied on the nut. Do not . Air spacing between bus bars of
apply torque on bolt heads. The 21 mm (13/16 in.) opposite polarity and from bus bars to ground shall be
socket is not needed when stainless steel hardware is not less than 25 mm (one inch) and as much larger as
installed. If the special torque wrench is not available, practical. Creepage distance between bus bars of opĆ
use a standard breakaway type torque wrench insuĆ posite polarity and from bus bars to ground shall be
lated in accordance with section 223-2.11.10 to a not less than 75 mm (three inches) and as much larger
minimum thickness of three mm (1/8 in.). Insulate the as practical. Phenolic material shall not be used as an
work area with a rubber sheet or mat, three mm to six insulator or as a support for bus bars due to the posĆ
mm (1/8 in. to 1/4 in.) in thickness, to prevent contact sible risk of a release of the acidic and poisonous comĆ
with cell terminals and bus bars at a different electriĆ pound phenol. Glass melamine or glass silicone
cal potential if the torque wrench slips off during the should be used throughout for insulating. The space
torquing operation. Wipe off excess grease around between intercell connecting bolts and nuts and bus
the connections after nuts and bolts have been tightĆ bars at a different electrical potential or ground shall
ened. When stainless steel hardware is used, it may be not less than 75 mm (three inches) to permit safe
become warm to the touch during installation. In all use of torque wrenches.
cases, stainless steel hardware shall be retorqued afĆ
%"#! $ (' &'. All bus bars in
ter a period of at least one hour from initial installaĆ
battery tanks, except intercell connectors, should be
tion to allow for expansion and/or contraction of
wrapped with at least two layers of half-lapped glass
stainless hardware used due to temperature change
tape. In all cases where buses of opposite polarity pass
from outside the battery well to the inside.
within 75 mm (three inches) of each other or within
. 75 mm (three inches) of ground (except intercell conĆ
The individual cell voltmeter leads shall be made up nectors), two layers of half-lapped mica tape should
in such a way that they can be connected to fuses in be applied under the glass tape. Such mica tape
in-line fuse holders or boxes. Primarily in-line arĆ should extend approximately 150 mm (six inches) beĆ
rangements with the fuse holder under the plastisol yond where the buses are in proximity to each other
boot covering the terminal and the electrical connecĆ or to ground. Mica or glass tape shall not be less than
tion being made directly at the terminal nut or bolt are 175 micrometer (seven mils) thick and each layer
used. When fuse boxes are used, they are mounted on should be well coated with approved
49
S9086-G1-STM-010/CH-223V1R2
.38:1&9.3, ;&73.8- :8 '&78 8-4:1) '* 9&5*) &8 +41@ ;&73.8-.257*,3&9*) ,1&88 (149- 9-&9 (4251.*8 <.9-
14<8
47 & 81.543 57*241)*) 51&89.841 (&5
47 '449 9-&9 (4251.*8 <.9-

& $-*7* '49- 2.(& &3) ,1&88 9&5* &7* 7*@ !"
419*) (433*(9.438 43 '&99*7> 6:.(0
6:.7*) (4&9 9-* ':8 '&7 <.9- &3 &5574;*) .38:1&9.3, 45*3.3, ).8(433*(98 &7* 349 .38:1&9*)
;&73.8- &3) <-.1* .9 .8 89.11 9&(0> &551> & 1&>*7 4+
-&1+1&55*) 2.(& 9&5* 551> & 8*(43) (4&9 4+ ;&7@ 223-2.11.10.4Heat Reactive Tubing 437.,.)
3.8- &3) <-.1* 89.11 9&(0> <7&5 & 8*(43) 1&>*7 4+ 9-.3<&11*) -*&9 7*&(9.;* 9:'.3, .3 &((47)&3(* <.9-
-&1+1&55*) 2.(& 9&5* *5*&9 9-* &551.(&9.43 4+
9>5* " .8 7*6:.7*) "-.8 9:'.3, 2&>
;&73.8- &8 '*+47* &3) &551> & 1&>*7 4+ ,1&88 9&5* '* 7*&).1> 81.55*) 4;*7 9-* ':8 '&7 8*(9.43 &3) '> &5@
-&1+1&55*) *5*&9 9-* &551.(&9.43 4+ ;&73.8- &3) 51.(&9.43 4+ -*&9 <.11 (4397&(9 94 +472 &3 .38:1&9.3,
<7&5 43 & 8*(43) 1&>*7 4+ ,1&88 9&5* -&1+1&55*) 1&>*7 4+ :3.+472 <&11 9-.(03*88 4;*7 9-* ':8 '&7 "-*
4&9 9-* +.3.8-*) 9&5.3, (4251*9*1> <.9- 9-* .38:1&9@ 9:'.3, <.11 (4251*9*1> (43+472 &+9*7 -*&9.3, 2.3@
.3, ;&73.8- :9*8 &9 *&(9.43 9.2* .8 143,*7 +47
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223-2.11.11INDIVIDUAL CELL VOLTAGE (ICV)
223-2.11.10.2Tape .(& 9&5* *3*7&1 1*(97.( WIRING "-* '&99*7> .3).;.):&1 ;419&,* 2*&8:7*@
4 9>5* 4 7*.3+47(*) 2.(& 9&5* 2.@ 2*39 8>89*2 (43):(9478 <.7*<&>8 47 ):(98 8-&11 '*
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223-2.11.10.3Use of Plastic Coating Compounds
9-* (43):(9478
3 1.*: 4+ 9&5.3, 51&89.841 (4254:3) .3 &((47)&3(*
<.9-
47
94 & 9-.(03*88 223-2.11.12INDIVIDUAL CELL VOLTAGE (ICV)
4+ 22 .3 2&> '* :8*) 419*) (433*(9.438 FUSE &(- +:8* '4= 47 .31.3* +:8* -41)*7 (439&.38
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S9086-G1-STM-010/CH-223V1R2
%1( % /-9) '21(8'725 &%77)5< +5281( 5)6-67%1') 2* -6 +-9)1 -1 3%5%+5%3,
$""

2,06 25 +5)%7)5 6,%// &) 0%-17%-1)( !)6-6= 0%-17%-16 % :%7)5'22/-1+ 6<67)0 *25 -76 /)%(%17-=
7%1')6 &)7:))1 %1( 2,06 5)48-5) % 7,25= 021< &%77)5-)6 5)*)5 72 $"" &%77)5< 7)',=
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2,06 -6 '216-()5)( 81%'')37%&/) 5281(6
223-3.1.6SPECIFIC GRAVITY MEASUREĆ
6,28/( &) -00)(-%7)/< /2'%7)( %1( '/)%5)( 3523)5
MENTS AND CORRECTIONS #,) *2//2:-1+ -1=
&%77)5< :)// 0%-17)1%1') 352+5%0 :-// &) '%3%&/) 2*
*250%7-21 ()6'5-&)6 7,) 0)%685)0)17 %1( '255)'7-21
0%-17%-1-1+ 7,) +5281( 5)6-67%1') 9%/8) 2*
5)48-5)0)176 %1( 352')(85)6 *25 &%77)5-)6
2,06 25 /%5+)5 1 %((-7-21 +5281( 5)6-67%1') 0)%=
685)0)176 6,28/( &) 0%() &)*25) %1< :25. -6 3)5= 223-3.1.6.1Measurements #,) 63)'-*-' +5%9-7< 2*
*250)( 7,%7 -192/9)6 728',-1+ % ')// 7)50-1%/ * 7,) 7,) )/)'752/<7) -6 0)%685)( :-7, % */2%7-1+ ,<(520)=
:25. -192/9)6 (-6'211)'7-1+ ')//6 &) )63)'-%//< '%5)= 7)5 :,-', -6 :)-+,7)( %7 21) )1( #,) ()37, 2* -00)5=
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:-7, :,-', '217%'7 0-+,7 &) 0%() 1 7,-6 :%< )9)1 -* 5)%(-1+6 0867 &) '255)'7)( *25 7,) 7)03)5%785) 2*
7,) &%77)5< 6,28/( &) %''-()17%//< +5281()( (85-1+ )/)'752/<7) :,)1 7,) 5)%(-1+6 %5) 72 &) 86)( %6 % 0)%=
7,) :25.-1+ 3)5-2( -7 :-// 127 &) /-.)/< 7,%7 7,) &2(< 685) 2* 7,) 67%7) 2* ',%5+) 6-1') 7,)< ()3)1( 8321
:-// 6-08/7%1)286/< '217%'7 7,) /-9) 7)50-1%/ +5281( 7,5)) *%'7256 2* :,-', 21/< 7,) *-567 *851-6,)6 % (-5)'7
223-3.1.5BATTERY COOLING SYSTEMS #)0= 0)%685) 2* 7,) 67%7) 2* ',%5+) #,)6) *%'7256 %5)
3)5%785) '21752/ *25 &%77)5-)6 -6 %77%-1)( 7,528+, 7,) % 7,) 0%66 2* 68/*85-' %'-( -1 7,) )/)'752/<7)
&%77)5< '22/-1+ 6<67)0 )%('%/'-80 &%77)5-)6 %5)
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-1 :%50 :%7)5 :,-', +)1)5%//< -0326)6 (-**-'8/7-)6 752/<7) -1 7,) ')//
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7-21 6<67)06 %5) ()6-+1)( 72 *851-6, 21/< 68**-'-)17
%-5*/2: 72 (-/87) 7,) ,<(52+)1 72 % '21')175%7-21 &)= 223-3.1.6.2Correction for Temperature <(520)=
/2: 7,5)) 3)5')17 (85-1+ ',%5+)6 %1( (2 127 3529-() 7)56 *25 %9%/ 86) %5) '%/-&5%7)( 72 5)%( '255)'7/<
68**-'-)17 '22/-1+ 72 35)9)17 &%77)5< )/)'752/<7) 7)0= :,)1 7,) )/)'752/<7) 7)03)5%785) -6

3)5%785)6 -1 );')66 2* 81()5 %// 23)5%7= #2 '255)'7 *25 7,-6 7)03)5%785) %(( 72 7,)
-1+ '21(-7-216 #,) '22/-1+ 352(8')( &< 9)17-/%7-21 -6 ,<(520)7)5 5)%(-1+ *25 )%', )/6-86 7,5)) ()=
0%-1/< ()5-9)( *520 7,) )9%325%7-21 2* :%7)5 *520 +5))6 %,5)1,)-7 7,) )/)'752/<7) 7)03)5%785) );=
7,) )/)'752/<7) 25 7,) 352')(85)6 5)'200)1()( '))(6
%1( 68&75%'7 *520 7,)
:,)1 7,) 7)03)5%785) (85-1+ ',%5+) 5)%',)6 ()= ,<(520)7)5 5)%(-1+ *25 )%', )/6-86 7,5)) ()=
+5))6 6)) 3%5%+5%3,

216-(= +5))6 %,5)1,)-7 7,) )/)'752/<7) 7)03)5%785) -6 &)=
)5%7-21 5)+%5(-1+ ,-+, 7)03)5%785) (85-1+ (-6',%5+) /2:
%6 6,2:1 -1 #%&/)

S9086-G1-STM-010/CH-223V1R2
Table 223-9. SPECIFIC GRAVITY TEMPERATURE CORRECTION
223-3.1.7INTERPRETATION OF CORRECTED **'* "+ +%$$ '* "+!* *,+ $'/ %(*+
SPECIFIC GRAVITY 1*'%,* *"& + ". ,!
-&'**, +("" *.",1 ' ,! $,*'$1, '.
,! ($,+ !& ,! '**,"'&+ '* ,%(*,-* ' 223-3.1.8RELATION BETWEEN AMPERE-
$,*'$1, * (($" ,! '**, +("" *.",1 HOUR (AH) OUTPUT AND DROP IN SPECIFIC
',"& "+ +,"$$ ,!, ' ,! $,*'$1, '. ,! GRAVITY '* ,! ,,*1 ,1(+ &'/ "& -+ ,!
($,+ ,! $,*'$1, "+ &', -&"'*%$1 %"0 ,! ,!'*,"$ .$-+ ' ,! %(*!'-*+ (* ('"&,
'**, +("" *.",1 '+ &', *(*+&, ,! ,*- !(, * ".& "& $
(* *(!
+,, ' !* '* "+!*

223-3.1.7.1During Charge !& ,! $$ "+ '& + 0($"& "& (* *(!

!* & ,! "* ",,"'& +1+,% "+ &', '(*,"& *%+
'-&+ ' +-$-*" " * -+ -( (*
,! $,*'$1, "+ &', -&"'*%$1 %"0 -&,"$ ,! $$ !+ ! ' "+!* ,!*'- ! ,! ,,*1 $+ '& ,!
& ++"& *$1 '* +'% ,"% ! '**, +(2 &+",1 ' +-$-*" " +'$-,"'&+ +!'/ ,!, *'( "&
"" *.",1 ' ,! $,*'$1, '. ,! ($,+ "+ $'/* +("" *.",1 ,
' '& ('"&,
,!& ,! .* '* ,! /!'$ '1 ' $,*'$1, -&2 '**+('&+ ,' *+ "& " '&,&, '
,"$ ,!, ,"% !"+ +,*,"","'& "+ (*,"-$*$1 ,*- *%+ (* $",*
'-&+ (* $$'& !*'*

/",! $$+ !."& $++ %, *,"&*+ ,!, *+,*", " " ,! .'$-% ' ,! $,*'$1, "+ '& $",* *'( "&
"*-$,"'& & ,!"+ + ,! $$ "+ %'* -$$1 !* +("" *.",1 ' '**+('&+ ,'
,!& "+ "&", 1 ,! '**, +("" *.",1 ! & '* '& $$'&

! (++"& ,!*'- ! ,! $$ '&+)-&,$1 '* &1
223-3.1.7.2During Discharge !& ,! $$ "+ '& $$ ,! !(, *'( "& +("" *.",1 "+ ,"%+
"+!* /",!'-, "* ",,"'& ,! $,*'$1, ,&+ ,! &-%* ' $",*+ ' $,*'$1, '* ,"%+ ,!
,' %"0 1 &,-*$ "-+"'& '/.* ,!"+ ,#+ ,"% &-%* ' $$'&+
& '&+)-&,$1 ,! '**, +("" *.",1 '
,! $,*'$1, '. ,! ($,+ "+ !" !* ,!& ,! .2 ! '+*. .$- ' !(, *'( '& "+2
* '* ,! /!'$ '1 ' $,*'$1, & ,!"+ + !* "+ -+-$$1 *,* ,!& ,! ,!'*,"$ .$-
,! $$ "+ %'* '%($,$1 "+!* ,!& "+ "&"2 !"+ "+ -+ +("" *.",1 *++ +,* "& ,!
, 1 ,! '**, +("" *.",1 ! %'-&, ' $,*'$1,

/'95 50 5*' 1-#5'4 5*#/ +/ 5*' '-'%530-:5' #$07' 5*' %*#3)' +4 %0.1-'5' *' 70-5#)' 0/ &+4%*#3)' 4'37'4 50
1-#5'4 *' 0$4'37'& 41'%+(+% )3#7+5: &301 +4 $#4'& 0/ +/&+%#5' 8*'/ 5*' &+4%*#3)' +4 %0.1-'5' !0-5#)' &0'4
.'#463'.'/5 0( 5*' 41'%+(+% )3#7+5: 0( '-'%530-:5' /05 (63/+4* # 3'-+#$-' +/&+%#5+0/ 0( 5*' 45#5' 0( %*#3)'
&3#8/ (30. #$07' 5*' 1-#5'4 0/4'26'/5-: 5*' 0$; 03 &+4%*#3)' (03 %0/&+5+0/4 +/5'3.'&+#5' $'58''/ (6--
4'37'& 41'%+(+% )3#7+5: &301 &63+/) 5*' &+4%*#3)' +4 %*#3)' #/& %0.1-'5' &+4%*#3)'
-'44 5*#/ 5*' 536' 03 #7'3#)' 7#-6' (03 5*' '/5+3' '-'%;
% *' '/& 0( $#55'3: &+4%*#3)' +4 &'5'3.+/'&
530-:5' 03 *063-: 3#5'4 '26#- 50 03 -0/)'3 5*#/ 5*'
$: 70-5#)'4 5*#5 #3' /05 %033'%5'& (03 5'.1'3#563'
*063 3#5' 5*' &+(('3'/%' +4 /')-+)+$-' 03 5*'
'7'/ 5*06)* 5*' %*#3)' 70-5#)'4 #3' %033'%5'& 50
*063 3#5' 5*' &+(('3'/%' +4 #$065 (+7' 1'3%'/5 03
*' 6/%033'%5'& '/& 0( %*#3)' 70-5;
5*' *063 3#5' *08'7'3 5*' &+(('3'/%' .#: $'
#)' .645 $' 0$4'37'& 50 '/463' 5*#5 +5 &0'4 /05 '9%''&
1'3%'/5 40 5*#5 5*' * 1'3 0$4'37'& 41'%+(+% )3#7+5:

70-54 -5*06)* # 70-5#)' *+)*'3 5*#/
70-54 8+--
&301 +4 58+%' 5*' 5*'03'5+%#- 4'' 1#3#)3#1*
/05 *#3. 5*' $#55'3: 05*'3 '26+1.'/5 0/ 5*' $#55'3:

(03 065165 %#-%6-#5+0/
$64 *#7+/) +/&+7+&6#- .#9+.6. 70-5#)'4 0(
70-54
.#: $' &#.#)'&
*' 70-5#)' 0( # -'#& #%+& %'-- &'1'/&4
/ '-'%53+%#-
610/ 8*'5*'3 +5 +4 0/ %*#3)' 03 &+4%*#3)' 5*' %633'/5
%:%-' (03 # 46$.#3+/' 4503#)' $#55'3: %0/4+454 0( # &+4;
(-08+/) 5*306)* 5*' %'-- 5*' 41'%+(+% )3#7+5: 5'.1'3#;
%*#3)' (30. 5*' (6--: %*#3)'& %0/&+5+0/ 50 5*' -08
563' #/& 163+5: 0( 5*' '-'%530-:5' 5*' #)' 0( 5*' $#5;
70-5#)' -+.+5 (03 5*' 3#5' 0( 5*' &+4%*#3)' 64'& 50;
5'3: #/& 5*' %0/&+5+0/ 0( 5*' 1-#5'4
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Table 223-10. TEMPERATUREĆVOLTAGEĆGASSING (TVG) TABLE, LEAD CALCIUM
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223-3.4.2.2Interruption of Charge %"* %.$"
0%" %.$" *! "#+." "*0".&*$ 0%" 3"(( %&(" ,".6
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223-3.4.3CHARGING ORDER 00".5 %.$&*$
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223-3.4.4INSPECTIONS DURING CHARGE
$.,%/
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#+. 0%" ,.+ "!1." 0+
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0%" %.$" "#+." "*0".&*$ +*0&*1" 2"*0&(0&*$ 0%" %.$" &/ *" "//.5

1. Just prior to the charge. However, if the

battery was watered just prior to the charge, record
Under no circumstances should a battery the corrected specific gravity existing just before waĆ
charge be attempted when the dc ground tering.
resistance is less than 50,000 ohms, since
2. Twenty minutes after completion of a
this may cause a point source of heat great
normal charge as specified in the manufacturer's
enough to result in a fire.
instructions.
Once the ground resistance is greater than 50K ohms 3. During interruptions to and after
the emergency charge may proceed. However, the completion of equalizing charges, as specified in the
charging rate shall not exceed a temperature-corĆ manufacturer's instructions, to verify cells have not
rected total voltage equal to 2.33 volts per cell. The exceeded specific gravity or temperature limits.
emergency charge is complete when the charging curĆ d. Record the Ah of charge each time the rate
rent reaches 50 amperes. Under conditions of ground is recorded.
resistance less than 100K ohms, equalizing charges
e. Record the airflow and the reading of the hyĆ
are not permitted. At the next possible instance the
drogen detector each time the charging rate is reĆ
grounds causing the low resistance should be cleared
corded. However, keep these meters under constant
per paragraphs 223-6.6 through 223-6.7 and normal
observation while on the finishing rate above the
charging procedures resumed to restore battery levels
TVG voltage.
to their normal operating condition.
f. Battery resistance ground readings should

. The
be made and recorded in the battery record book in
following records shall be kept for every battery
accordance with section 223-6.7.
charge:
g. Enter on the rough log and in the battery reĆ
a. The initial charging rate and the charging cord book any deviation from the prescribed routine
rate needed to obtain the TVG values are recorded. and any unusual incidents or casualties to the entire
Except when the initial charging rate is increased to system.
increase voltage to the TVG value, also record each
charging rate and the time the rate was changed. With h. Just prior to completion of each equalizing
the modified constant potential charge, record the charge, read and record in the rough log the total batĆ
charging rate every 30 minutes until reaching the finĆ tery voltage and the voltage of all cells. The charge is
ishing rate and at 15-minute intervals thereafter. not to be secured until all individual cell voltages have
been recorded.
b. Record the total battery voltage and the voltĆ
age of each pilot cell each time the charging current i. Complete reading and recording the specific
is recorded and just prior to completion of the charge. gravity and height of electrolyte together and the temĆ
perature of each cell within four hours. However, if
c. Record the corrected specific gravity and snorkel operation is to follow the charge, attempt to
temperature of all pilot cells: obtain the electrolyte height before snorkeling starts.
69

! ,
. In the table headed "Discharge CharacĆ

teristics" of Figure 223-2, the data plan shows three
. Hydrogen low-voltage limits: the average final cell volts, the
is also evolved from lead acid batteries that are being minimum final cell volts and the final voltage at the
discharged or that are on stand. Batteries being disĆ battery terminals. Except in an emergency, a battery
charged or on open circuit must, therefore, be continĆ discharge should be stopped when the average volts
uously ventilated. (see section 223-4.3.2.11) per cell falls to the average final cell volts; the total

. A typical data plan voltage of the battery falls to the final voltage at the
is shown in Figure 223-2 and a typical battery characĆ battery terminals or the voltage of the lowest voltage
teristic curve, in Figure 223-3. Similar curves and cell falls to minimum final cell volts. Beyond this exĆ
data are furnished in the manufacturer's service perimentally-determined voltage, little useful work
manuals for each specified battery type. In addition will be obtained. All three voltage limits apply to cell
to data on cell dimensions and weights, the curves and or battery voltages measured on closed circuit with
data plan furnish information on the battery disĆ the battery discharging, and not corrected for temperĆ
charge rates and capacities. ature to 26.7C (80F). Therefore, if the limiting voltĆ
age at the battery terminals is 212 volts for a particular

. Battery discharge rate of discharge, a discharge at this rate is stopped
rates are given on the data plan in Figure 223-2 and when the measured voltage at the battery terminals
the ampere curves are shown in Figure 223-3. BatĆ falls to 212 volts, whatever the temperature of the batĆ
tery discharge rates are commonly referred to as the tery may be.
half-hour rate, 1-hour rate, 10-hour rate, and so

%'"& #&& (&*"$#. The average final cell
on. For example, the 1-hour rate for a certain battery
volts and minimum final cell volts are the voltages at
is 5320 amperes and the 10-hour rate is 930 amperes.
the cell terminals. Since the individual cell voltmeter
These mean that when a fully charged battery starts
leads are normally connected to the negative termiĆ
to discharge with an electrolyte temperature of
nals only, the individual cell voltmeter reading is
26.7C (80F), the battery is rated to deliver a
equal to the voltage at the cell terminals minus the poĆ
constant current of 5320 amperes continuously for
tential drop in the cell connectors between two adjaĆ
one hour before the voltage falls to a limiting voltage
cent cells. For all practical purposes, this difference is
at which the discharge should be stopped; or 930 amĆ
negligible and the individual voltmeter readings can
peres continuously for 10 hours before the voltage
be considered to give the voltage at the cell terminals.
falls to the limiting voltage for the 10-hour rate,
which is different from that for the the 1-hour or any
"**#)+ (&*"$#. The final voltage at the
other rate (paragraph 223-3.5.4). The actual perforĆ battery terminals is equal to the average final cell voltĆ
mance of a battery depends upon its age as well as othĆ age times the number of cells in series minus the total
er factors, but the hourly discharge rates are fixed valĆ voltage drop in all the cell connectors connected in seĆ
ues describing the battery service rating. ries.
70
S9086-G1-STM-010/CH-223V1R2
223-3.5.4.3Voltage Limit vs. Discharge Rate " .'+!(' %% +/+,% , )+!+)"
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S9086-G1-STM-010/CH-223V1R2
223-3.5.7.1Factors in Determining Capacity &3 223-3.5.7.4Effect of Temperature on Capacity -

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223-3.5.7.5Effect of Recent Nonuse on Capacity
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#, 0#-" 0 *.#/%'- 2%, &)+"(.+ )3
#-2 0#%% +-.+' -( '(+&% -+ -" --+2 #, +-.+'
223-3.5.7.2Effect of Specific Gravity on Capacity -( ,+/# ' .&.%-, - %,- -0( -( #!"- *.#/3
" "(.+%2 #,"+! +-, ' (',*.'-%2 -" 3 %'- 2%,
)#-#, - -" # +'- +-, + "#!"+ - "#!"+
,)# # !+/#-2 -"' - %(0+ ,)# # !+/#-2 #' -" 223-3.5.8SERVICE RATING FOR BATTERIES
.%%2 "+! ('#-#(' '2 #'+, #' )#-2 (3 " --+2 +-#'! ,"(0' (' -" .+/, ' - )%'
-#' 2 #'+,#'! ,)# # !+/#-2 #, !#' - -" #, -" ,+/# +-#'! --+#, + !.+'- -( 3
1)', ( +, --+2 %# ' ( #'+, ()3 /%() -" ,+/# +-#'! -+
*.#/%'- 2%, ,
+-#'! # #.%-#, " ,)# # !+/#-2 ., #' '2 )+!+)"

(+ #'#-#(' ( *.#/%'-
,)# # -2) ( --+2 #, (&)+(&#, 1)- -( 2%, --+2 -"- ", ' 0(+$ %,, -"' -"
!#/ -" &(,- ,-#, -(+2 +,.%-, 0"' %% -(+, + ,)# # '.&+ ( *.#/%'- 2%, #, '(- 1)-
(',#+ -( "/ .%%,+/# )#-2 " "(.+%2 +-, ( #,3
"+! ' -" %(0/(%-! %#&#-, + -" ,& , (+
223-3.5.7.3Current, Hourly Rates and Capacity --+2 -"- ", .%%,+/# )#-2 " .+-#('
-"+ ('#-#(', #'! -" ,& -" )#-2 3 ( #,"+! - '2 ,)# # +- "(0/+ #, %,, '
+,, , -" #,"+! .++'- #'+,, "#, #, #%3 #, (.' 2 + ++#'! -( -" .+/, ' - )%' (+
%.,-+- 2 -" - ,"(0' #' #!.+
"' -" --+2 ' #'#'! -" ,+/# +-#'! (+ -" .+3
-" ,)# # !+/#-2 #, #' -" .%%2 "+! ('#3 -#(' ( #,"+! (+ -" #,"+! +- ., ' -"
-#(' ' #,"+! #, ,-+- - ' #'#-#% %-+(%2- %-+(%2- -&)+-.+ - -" !#''#'! ( -" #,3
-&)+-.+ ( " %% #, +- -( "+!
%#/+ &)+, (+ (' "(.+ (+ +"#'!
-" %(0/(%-! %#&#-, (+ -"#, +- /(%-, (+ 223-3.5.9VARIATION OF CAPACITY WITH AGE
&)+, (+ "(.+, (+ +"#'! /(%-, -" AND WORKING " )#-2 ( ,-(+! --+2
%(0/(%-! %#&#- - -" "(.+ +- " +- " /' (' .%%2 "+! )+#(+ -( " -,- /+#, ))+3
)#-2 - -" "(.+ +- -"+ (+ #, " - #%2 .+#'! #-, %# ' !'+% -" )#-2 .#%, .)
-" "(.+ +- " " ))+(1#&- )+3 -+ -" #'#-#% "+! )+!+)"

+"3
'-! ( -"
"(.+ )#-2 (-#'% - (-"+ , &1#&.& +%2 #' %# ' -"' %#', ,%(0%2
"(.+%2 +-, #, ,"(0' #' %
.'-#% #- +(), %(0 )+'- (

S9086-G1-STM-010/CH-223V1R2
Table 223-12. RATE OF DISCHARGE VS AH CAPACITY
4#6'& %#2#%+6; #66'4+'5 #4' 016 )7#4#06''& 61 &'.+8= 6'/2'4#674' +5 %105+&'4#$.; #$18' 6*' #/$+'06 6*'
'4 4#6'& %#2#%+6; 706+. # 52'%+(+'& /+0+/7/ 914-+0) $#66'4; 9+.. %11. 10 &+5%*#4)' #6 6*' *174 14 .10)'4
07/$'4 1( '37+8#.'06 %;%.'5 *#8' $''0 )+8'0 2#4#= 4#6'
)4#2*
'565 /#&' &74+0) 6*' $#66'4; .+('

61 &'6'4/+0' 6*' $#66'4; %#2#%+6; 5*17.& (1..19 6*' 223-3.5.10.2Test Discharge Starting Temperature
)7+&'.+0'5 1( 2#4#)4#2*
*' 4'57.65 6'56 &+5%*#4)' 5*17.& $' %#4'(7..; 2.#00'& 61 #..19

5*17.& $' 4'2146'& 10 6*' 7$/#4+0' #66'4; 7#4= #0 #8'4#)' 2+.16 %'.. '.'%641.;6' '0& 6'/2'4#674'
6'4.; '2146 ! (14/
9*+%* #..195 +//'&+#6' #0& %1/2.'6' 4'%*#4)' 9+6*=
+)74'
176 0''& (14 +06'44726+10 5'' 2#4#)4#2*

1 &1 6*+5 6*' '.'%641.;6' 56#46+0) 6'/=
223-3.5.10TEMPERATURE LIMITATION ON 2'4#674' (14 6*' 6'56 5*17.& $' "*'0 6*'
DISCHARGE 2'4#6+10 #6 6'/2'4#674'5 #$18' 56#46+0) 6'/2'4#674' (14 # 6'56 &+5%*#4)' +5 )4'#6'4
5*17.& $' %105+&'4'& #0 '/'4)'0%; 6*#0 4'%*#4)' 6'/2'4#674' 4'564+%6+105 2#4#=
/'#574' #0& *'.& 61 #0 #$51.76' /+0+/7/ '2'#6'& )4#2*

#4' .+-'.; ( 6*' #8'4#)' 2+.16 %'..
12'4#6+10 #6 *+)*'4 6'/2'4#674'5 /#; 4'57.6 +0 07..+= '.'%641.;6' 6'/2'4#674' +5 )4'#6'4 6*#0 #(6'4
(+%#6+10 1( $#66'4; )7#4#06''5 4'&7%6+10 +0 $#66'4; %1/2.'6+0) 6*' '37#.+<+0) %*#4)' 24+14 61 # 6'56 &+5=
.+(' #0& ':%'55+8' *;&41)'0 '81.76+10 &74+0) 57$/'4= %*#4)' 2.#%' 6*' $#66'4; 10 12'0 %+4%7+6 14 10 64+%-.'
)'0%' 41$.'/5 #4' &'6#+.'& +0 2#4#)4#2* &+5%*#4)' ( 6*' $#66'4; &1'5 016 %11. 61 $'.19
0 #&&+6+10 $#66'4; 5'#.+0) %1/2170& 9+6*+0 *1745 6*' 6'56 5*17.& $' 2156210'& #0& 4'=
/#; (.19 +061 6*' %'..5 9+6* .155 1( 5'#.+0) #0& +/2#+4= 5%*'&7.'& (14 ,756 #(6'4 %1/2.'6+10 1( 6*' 0':6 014/#.
/'06 1( %'.. 8'06+.#6+10 1 12'4#6' $#66'4+'5 9+6*176 %*#4)' *' 7#46'4.; #66'4; '2146 5*17.& /#-'
':%''&+0) 6*+5 6'/2'4#674' 4'37+4'5 %#4'(7. 2.#00+0) 016' 6*#6 6*+5 6'56 9#5 24'%'&'& $; # 014/#. %*#4)'
&74+0) 64+#.5 #0& 16*'4 6'565 70&'4 9#4/ 12'4#6+0) &7' 61 6'/2'4#674' 4'564+%6+105
%10&+6+105 10) %11.+0) +06'48#.5 #0& +06'44726'&
'37#.+<+0) %*#4)'5 #4' 757#..; 0'%'55#4; 223-3.5.10.3Operating Despite High TemperaĆ
tures 0)+0''4+0) 64+#.5 #0& 8+6#. 12'4#6+105 5*17.&
223-3.5.10.1Temperature Rise '/2'4#674' 4+5' 016 $' +06'44726'& +0 14&'4 61 *1.& 6*' $#66'4; 6'/=
10 # %1/2.'6' &+5%*#4)' 9+.. $'
(14 # *174 2'4#674'5 $'.19 19'8'4 +( 57$=
4#6'
(14 # *174 4#6' #0&
(14 # /'4)'& 12'4#6+10 #6 6'/2'4#674'5 +0 ':%'55 1(
*174 4#6' &'2'0&+0) 10 56#46+0) 6'/2'4#674' 5'#= $'%1/'5 0'%'55#4; #%%1706 5*17.& $' 6#-'0
9#6'4 6'/2'4#674' #0& $#66'4; 6;2' ( 6*' 56#46+0) 1( 6*' *+)* 4#6' 1(
*#0)'

'%
'!%" &&%( '%&% ( $#%& & #

'%
'!%" &&%( '%&% ( $#%& & #

S9086-G1-STM-010/CH-223V1R2
#3,)" ( 0)&/.$)( . .# - . '* ,./, - *,4 ,. ( .# $-#," $- $(. ,,/*. . , "/&, (
",*#

!, +/ (. $(. ,0&- .) '% $. 2. ( )0 , * ,$) )!
$"#. #)/,- *$.3 **,)2$'.$(" .# #)/,
223-3.5.10.4Emergency Operations Under High
,. *$.3 '3 ).$( $'$&,&3 $! .. ,3
Temperature ), ' ," (3 )* ,.$)( .# &$'$.$("
$- $($.$&&3 $-#," . .# #)/, ,. ( .# /,4
&& . '* ,./, 3)( 1#$# $,, *,& '"
, (. $- *,)", --$0 &3 , / .) .# #)/, ,. &4
'3 )( -#)/& .% ( - ! )(&3
13- % *$(" )0 .# &)10)&." &$'$. !), .# ,.
.# .1) *$&). &&- $( .# .. ,3 , /- - "/$ -
')' (.,$&3 /- *$.3 **,)2$'. &3 +/& .)
-#)/& .% ( - .# &$'$.$(" . '* ,4
.# #)/, *$.3 1$&& ).$( ( $.# , -
./, - *, /.$)( "$(-. (3 && 2 $("
(3 !/,.# , *$.3 1#$# '$"#. "$( 3 $-4
. -#)/& (). .#. /,$(" #)/, ,.
#,"$(" &)1 .# &)10)&." &$'$. 1)/& 0 ,3
$-#," .# #$"# .. ,3 & . '* ,./, '3
-'&& # , !), .# $-#," '/-. -.)** ),
/- .# . ,'$(& &&- 1#$# , /-/&&3 ))& .) 4
.# ,. , / 1# ( .# 0)&." ,)*- .) .# &)1
)' .# #).. -. &&-
0)&." &$'$. !), .# ,. )! $-#," $(" /-
223-3.5.11READINGS DURING DISCHARGE *,",*#

$("- )! .# .. ,3 .).& 0)&." ( .# -* $!$
",0$.3 ( . '* ,./, )! .# *$&). &&- /,$(" $-4 223-3.5.13CALCULATION OF AH OUTPUT AND
#," -#&& .% ( ( , ), $( ),( 1$.# RESIDUAL CAPACITY # (/' , )! # .#. #0
.# , +/$, ' (.- )! .# ("$( ,$(" &)" & .,$& ( $-#," 3 -.)," .. ,3 && ( 4
.# .. ,3 , ), ))% ( .# !),'- *,)0$ !), . ,'$( 3 , $(" .# # ' . , *,",*#
-* $& $-#," - # ( .# &$'$.$(" !$(& && ), .).&

&/&. !,)' .# $-#," /,, (.
0)&." $- $(" **,)# $($0$/& && ( .).& ( .# .$' $. !&)1- *,",*#

-.$4
.. ,3 0)&." - -#&& , - !, +/ (.&3 - ( -4 '. !,)' .# ,)* $( -* $!$ ",0$.3 .#. )/,,
-,3 .) 0)$ $-#,"$(" 3)( .# *, -,$ &$'$.- /,$(" .# $-#," *,",*#

),
*,",*#

-.$'. !,)' .# (/' , )! 0)&.- )0 .# &)1
0)&." &$'$. *,",*#

# , -$/&
223-3.5.12OBTAINING ADDITIONAL CAPACĆ *$.3 $( # . "$0 ( ,. ( &/&. 3 .#
ITY ), *$.3 .#( ( ).$( )( )(.$(/4 !!$$ (3 ' .#) *,",*#

), -.$4
)/- $-#," . (3 )(-.(. ,. $( '* , - ( '. !,)' .# 0)&." /( , &) . .#. "$0 ( ,.
).$( 3 , * . $(. ,,/*.$)(- $( .# $-#," *,",*#

), 3 ",/&&3 &)1 ,$(" .# /,, (. /,$(" .# $-4
#," .) &&)1 .$' !), .# & .,)&3. .) $!!/- 223-3.5.13.1Calculation of Ah Output from Ah MeĆ
.#,)/"# .# .$0 '. ,$& # .,$%& $-#," ter '* , #)/, ' . ,- ( /- .) . ,'$(
') !), & &$/' .. ,$ - *,)0$ - !), .# .# # )! $-#," /,$(" ,)/.$( )* ,.$)(- )14
')-. !!$$ (. ( 2. ( *$.3 )! .# .. ,3 0 , 1# ( . -. $-#," $- .) ,/( )( .. ,3 .#
",$- - - .$)(

), 2'*& $! .# ' .#) -,$ $( *,",*#

-#&&
.. ,3 $- $-#," . .# #)/, ), .#
#)/, /-

S9086-G1-STM-010/CH-223V1R2
223-3.5.13.2Calculation of Ah Output from CurĆ NOTE

rent and Time %1!) /$! 0-4 *" /$! +-!.!)/'4
$!) 0.%)# /$%. (!/$* /* '0'/! /$!
%)./''! (+!-!$*0- (!/!-. '0'/%*) *" /$! $
)0(!- *" $ %.$-#! '24. !- %)
*0/+0/ "-*( 0--!)/ ) /%(! %. /$! *)'4 0-/! )
(%) /$/ /$! -*+ %) .+!%"% #-1%/4 *!.
-!'%'! (!/$* "*- !/!-(%)%)# /$! /0' +%/4
)*/ !3/'4 -!+-!.!)/ /$! $ %.$-#! 0)5
*0/+0/ *2!1!- /$%. (!/$* *!. )*/ #%1! /$! -!.% 5
'!.. /$! !'!/-*'4/! *1! /$! +'/!. $. $
0' +%/4 / )4 %.$-#! -/! +-#-+$.
) *++*-/0)%/4 /* (%3 2%/$ /$! '!.. *)!)5

/$-*0#$

$! $ %.5
/-/! !'!/-*'4/! !/2!!) /$! +'/!.
$-#! 2$!) /$! 0--!)/ %. *)./)/ %. "*0) 4 (0'5
/%+'4%)# /$! 0--!)/ %) (+!-!. 4 /$! /%(! *" %.5
$! ++-!)/ -*+ %) .+!%"% #-1%/4 . !/!-(%)!
$-#! %) $*0-. $!) /$! 0--!)/ 1-%!. /$! /*/'
4 (!.0-%)# /$! !'!/-*'4/! *1! /$! +'/!. %. '5
/%(! *" %.$-#! %. -*&!) 0+ %)/* .$*-/ %)/!-1'. .*
24. '!.. /$) /$! /0' -*+ $%. !--*- %. .(''
/$/ /$! 0--!)/ %. *)./)/ %) !$ %)/!-1' /$*0#$
2$!) /$! 1!-#! %.$-#! 0--!)/ %. '!.. /$) *-
%""!-!)/ "-*( *)! %)/!-1' /* )*/$!- $ /%(! %)5
!,0' /* /$! 0--!)/ *--!.+*) %)# /* /$! $*0- %.5
/!-1' %. (0'/%+'%! 4 %/. 0--!)/ $! .0( *" /$!
$-#! -/! ) *)'4 *0/ "%1! +!-!)/ "*- %.5
+-* 0/. #%1!. /$! /*/' )0(!- *" $ %.$-#!
$-#! / /$!
$*0- -/! / !*(!. %)-!.%)#'4
$0. %" //!-4 $. .0++'%! (+!-!. "*- *)!
'-#!- "*- %.$-#!. / $%#$!- 0--!)/ ) /$! ++-5
$*0- "*-
$*0- "*- /$-!! $*0-. )

!)/ -*+ %) .+!%"% #-1%/4 . !/!-(%)! 4 (!.0-5
"*-
$*0- /$! !,0/%*) "*- '0'/%)# /$! /*/'
%)# /$! .+!%"% #-1%/4 *" /$! !'!/-*'4/! *1! /$!
)0(!- $ %.$-#! %.
+'/!. / /$! !) *" %.$-#! / /$!
$*0- -/!
(4 ! *)'4 *0/ $'" /$! /0' -*+ "*- /$! 2$*'!
3
3
3 * 4 *" !'!/-*'4/! $%. (!/$* %. )!1!- 0-/! )
.$*0' )*/ ! 0.! "*- !/!-(%)%)# ) -!+*-/%)# $

3

$ +%/4 *0/+0/
223-3.5.13.4Estimate of Residual Capacity From
223-3.5.13.3Calculation of Ah Output from SpecifĆ Voltage Under Load *'/#! 0) !- '* "0-)%.$!.
ic Gravity Drop $! -*+ %) .+!%"% #-1%/4 *-5 *)'0.%1! %) %/%*) *" .//! *" *(+'!/! %.$-#!
-!/! "*- /!(+!-/0-! *" !'!/-*'4/! %. /$!*-!/%''4 .%)! /$! '*21*'/#! '%(%/ %. /$! -%/!-%*) !/!-(%)5
%-!/'4 +-*+*-/%*)' /* /$! )0(!- *" $ %.$-#! %)# 2$!) %.$-#! .$'' ! ./*++! 0/ "*- /5
) %. %) !+!) !)/ *" /$! %.$-#! -/! ) //!-4 /!-4 /$/ %. *)'4 +-/'4 %.$-#! /$! 1*'/#! %. "-
/!(+!-/0-! +-#-+$
*).!,0!)/'4 '!.. !-/%) #0% ! /* /$! .//! *" %.$-#! $! #!)!-5
/$! )0(!- *" $ %.$-#! ) ! !./%(/! "*- )4 ' -!'/%*).$%+ !/2!!) /$! %.$-#! -/! /$!
//!-4 4 (0'/%+'4%)# /$! )0(!- *" +*%)/.
*" (*0)/ *" %.$-#! ) /$! 1*'/#! %. .%(+'4 /$/
-*+ %) *--!/! .+!%"% #-1%/4 4 /$! $ +!- +*%)/ /$! #-!/!- /$! %.$-#! -/! %) (+!-!. ) /$!
+-#-+$
(*-! /$!

,,*1 #+ #+"*! ," %(/* ," .(%,! /#%% ,+, #+"*! , &)*+ ,
"#+ *%,#('+"#) #+ !*,%1 , 1 (,"* ,(*+
+-" + ," ! ( ," ,,*1 ," )*.#(-+ 1%#'! ,"
,-% ,,*1 )#,1 ' ," ,&)*,-* "#+
&,"( #+ ,"* (* +-#,% (* +,#&,#'! *+#-%
)#,1 -, #+ -'+-#,% (* -*,%1 ,*&#'#'!
," +,, ( "*! )*,#-%*%1 (* ,,*1 %++ ,"'
)*', #+"*!
* & &$*! (&' '

#!-*
," .(%,! #+ +"(/' )%(,, !#'+,
" (-,)-, (* #+"*!+ , ('+,', *,+ #' &)*+
" *, ( .(%,! *+ #+ +&%% *(& ," +,*, -'3
,#% ," ,,*1 #+ ))*(0#&,%1 )*', #+"*!
,* ,"#+ ," .(%,! *()+ +,* -',#% ," %#&#,#'!
.(%,! #+ *" " -*.+ *)*+',#'! .*#(-+
#+"*! *,+ +"(/ ," .(%,! "*,*#+,#+
%%+ ,

) & * ' .#/ ( ," %*!
"'! #' ," +,, ( #+"*! (**+)('#'! ,(
+&%% "'! #' ," ,(,% .(%,! /"' ," ,,*1 #+ *(& -*. )%(,,#'! ," (. ##'1 ,(*+ .*3
%++ ,"' )*', #+"*! #, #+ ))*', ,", ," +-+ -**', '1 #',*&#, .%- (-% #&&#3
+,, ( #+"*! .*+-+ .(%,! (. %(/.(%,! ,%1 #',*)(%,
%#&#, , +"(/' #' %

&-+, -+ /#,"
-,#(' *,#-%* * +"(-% ,$' ,( ,*&#' *#%#%! '#*, * *" &+(
* ,* ,+, #+"*! , ,"
"(-* *, ('
," *, ( .(%,! *() " .(%,! *() #+ &(* #'3

,,*1 ," " )#,1 , ," "(-*
#,#. ( ," +,, ( #+"*! ,"' #+ ," ,-%
*, ' %-%, -+#'! ," )*',! .%-

.(%,! (* 0&)% ," "'! #' .(%,! *(&
)*', !#.' #' %
" %-%, .%-
)*', ,( )*', #+"*! #+ ,/' ,/( ' /#%% /#,"#' #. )*', ( ," ,-% .%- )'3
,"* ,#&+ + !*, + #+ ," "'! #' .(%,! *(& #'! (' ,,*1 ! %'!," ( ,#& +#' %+, ,+, #+3
)*', ,( )*', #+"*! "*! ' +' ( '1 &% -',#(' +-" + +-%3
, (* +"(*, %% ,", /(-% ". %(/* )#,1
$+$*#&% & )#+$ '#*, , +#' ," ,+, #+"*!
##%, *"& ++-&#'! ' ##'1 .%- 3 *#%#%! (*#$ +*'+* $+) 3
,(* ( (* ," "(-* *, (-,)-, '1 "#!"* ,* ,,*1 "+ ' )*,#%%1 #+"*! , +#'!%
*, +-" + ,"
(* "(-* *,+ 1#%+ *, (* , '1 (&#',#(' ( *,+ ," %'!," ( ,#&
%(/* (-,)-, ,"' ," "(-* *, " (%%(/#'! ,", #+"*! ' 0), ,( (',#'- , '/
%#+,+ &)#*#% .%-+ ( ," ##'1 ,(* + +,3 +#* *, ++-&#'! ,", %% ,&)*,-*+ *
%#+" (* ,,*1 !#.#'! )*', )#,1 (' '(*&%#2 ,(

$!
& "! $!%" #

S9086-G1-STM-010/CH-223V1R2
Table 223-13. STATE OF DISCHARGE VS. VOLTS ABOVE LOW VOLTAGE LIMIT
(FOR A TLXĆ39B BATTERY)
!) &+% / !()* *($!%!% * &+*'+* 223-3.5.13.11Residual Capacity at Other Rates &
%+$( & *"% &+* & * **(/ &( '(0 !% * ()!+# '!*/ * &* ( (*) $+#*!'#/ *
*!# !) ( &+*'+* !) &+% (&$ * (0 ()+#* &*!% !% '(('

&( *
!% & * $*( '(('

&( &+( (* / * !!%/ *&( &(()'&%!%
(&$ * +((%* % *!$ +(*!&% & * '(*!# !)0 *& * #*(%* (* '(('

.0
( '(('

$'# * ()!+# *!$ !) )!( !,! *
&, !+( / * )!( (* '(('
223-3.5.13.10Residual Capacity at the 10-Hour

.$'#
Rate & #+#* * ()!+# '!*/ * *
&+( (* &( '(*!# !) ( !,! * 223-3.5.13.12Example of Residual Capacity at
&+*'+* / * !!%/ *&( &(()'&%!% *& Other Rates ))+$
**(/ * *
* +((%* & * '(*!# !) ( '(('
&+( (* * !) **(/ % &+*'+* &

.$'# % ## * &+*'+*) )& +(!% * #)* *)* !) ( !% !* -) #)* +##/
&((* '(('

.$'# ( * **(/ ) )+''#! $'() &(
+*(* * !) *&*# (&$ * &+*'+* * * &+( &% # &+( * % $'() &( &%
(* ) #+#* !% '(('

'(0 &+( &- $+ ()!+# '!*/ &( *!$
('

.$'# !) #* * * &+( (* $'()

/,54*/.
",$5,"4& $"0"$*49 "4 4)& )/52 2"4& 53*.( 4)& ,"34 ,, "#/6& $",$5,"4*/.3 "2& 2/5.%&% /'' "3
4&34 %*3$)"2(& ".% "#,&

%"4" 4)&9 (*6& /.,9 &34*-"4&3 6",*% 7*4)*. 4/
)/52 2"4& $"0"$*49! 8 0&2$&.4
0&2$&.4"(& '/2 )/52 2"4& $"0"$*49! "*")!%$ % (!*" &!)+ +
) 8 ) ()!#) % %") $' % )& 2&3*%5", $"0"$<
*49 "4 " (*6&. 2"4& $". #& $",$5,"4&% #9 &34*-"4*.( 4)&
)& &''*$*&.$9 '"$4/23 (*6&. *. 0"2"(2"0) 6/,4"(& 5.%&2 ,/"%
"4
"-0&2&3
"-0&2&3 ".%
"-0&2&3 2&30&$4*6&,9 "2&
".% " &"% 4)& *.*4*", #"44&29 6/,4"(& *--&%*"4&,9
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S9086-G1-STM-010/CH-223V1R2
223-3.5.15SEMIANNUAL CAPACITY TEST DISĆ " #(%$4+% 1%04)1%$ 6.1*1%6.1* 2. 3(!3 3(%
CHARGE %% /!1!'1!/( (% #!/!#)38 2823%, )2 2%#41%$ &.1 !2 2(.13 ! $41!3).- .& 3),%
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,423 $%,.-231!3% /%1#%-3 .& 1!3%$ #!/!#)38
# 41)-' 3(% 3),% 3(% )2 2%#41%$ %+%#31):
223-3.5.16ELECTROLYTE AGITATION SYSĆ #!+ $1!)- .- 3(% 2()/2 "!33%18 2(.4+$ "% ,)-),)9%$
TEM -)&.1,)38 )- 2/%#)&)# '1!5)38 !-$ 3%,/%1!341% !-$ *%/3 .-+8 3. %22%-3)!+ +.!$2 &.1 3(% $41!3).- .& 3(%
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+%!$ !#)$ "!33%1)%2 )2 #1)3)#!+ &.1 ."3!)-)-' &4++ "!33%18
#!/!#)38 !-$ !#()%5)-' %73%-$%$ 2%15)#% +)&% (% $ "!33%18 #(!1')-' 2(.4+$ .##41 $41)-' 3(%
%+%#31.+83% !)1 !')3!3).- 2823%, .- !++ 24",!1)-%2 2%#41%$ /%1).$
2(.4+$ "% ./%1!3%$ !3 !++ 3),%2 3. ."3!)- ,!7),4,
"%-%&)3 /!1!'1!/(

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%1!3).- )2 /%1,)33%$ )& 3(% %+%#31.+83% !')3!3).- 2823%, ./%1!3).- ),,%$)!3%+8 &.++.6)-' #.,/+%3).- .& 3(%
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#%++2 (.6%5%1 3(% !')3!3).- 2823%, 2(.4+$ "% 1%: (.412
/!)1%$ !-$ /+!#%$ )- ./%1!3).- !2 2..- !2 /.22)"+% 3.
!5.)$ +.22 .& "!33%18 2%15)#% +)&% !-$ #!/!#)38 (%2% & /.- 1%24,/3).- .& 2823%, ./%1!3).-
+.22%2 6)++ .##41 !3 ! &!23%1 1!3% )- +%!$#!+#)4, "!3: 5%1)&8 3(!3 3(%1% (!2 "%%- #(!-'% 3. 3(% !)1&+.6
3%1)%2 2)-#% 3(%2% 1%#%)5% &%6%1 '!22)-' #(!1'%2 !-$ /1%2241% 2%33)-' .& 3(% 2823%,
+%22 %+%#31.+83% !')3!3).- "8 '!2 "4""+%2 3(!- $. +%!$
' %&.1% $.)-' ! "!33%18 #(!1'% &.++.6)-' /%:
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1).$2 6(%1% 3(% 2823%, (!2 "%%- 2%#41%$ %-241%
223-3.5.16.1Securing of the Battery Electrolyte 3(!3 3(% 2823%, (!2 "%%- )- ./%1!3).- &.1 ! ,)-):
Agitation (BEA) System (% %+%#31.+83% !')3!3).- ,4, .& (.412 /1).1 3. )-)3)!3).- .& 3(% "!33%18
2823%, .- !++ 24",!1)-%2 2(.4+$ "% ./%1!3%$ #.-3)-4: #(!1'%
.42+8 .6%5%1 &.1 1%!2.-2 .& 2#(%$4+%$ /1%5%-3)5%
,!)-3%-!-#% .5%1(!4+ .1 .3(%1 #.-$)3).-2 .& 2()/: ( ()/2 &.1#% 2(.4+$ 1%#.1$ 3(% 3),% /%1).$
8!1$ ,!)-3%-!-#% 6(%1% )3 )2 -%#%22!18 !-$ 1%04)1%$ 3(!3 3(% 2823%, 6!2 )-./%1!3)5% )- 3(% 2()/2 "!3:
3(% ,!8 "% 2%#41%$ -+8 4-$%1 +),)3%$ #)1#4,: 3%18 +.'
23!-#%2 2(.4+$ 3(% "% 2%#41%$ &.1 ! /%1).$ %7:
#%%$)-' (.412 (% 2823%, ,!8 "% 2%#41%$ 223-3.6BATTERY OPERATION DURING NEW
&.1 %73%-$%$ ,!)-3%-!-#% !#3)5)38 /1.5)$%$ 3(% 282: CONSTRUCTION, OVERHAUL AND EXTENDED
3%, (!2 "%%- )- #.-3)-4.42 ./%1!3).- &.1 ! /%1).$ -.3 AVAILABILITY
+%22 3(!- (.412 6)3( 3(% "!33%18 .- ./%- #)1#4)3
223-3.6.1GENERAL .1,!+ "!33%18 ./%1!3)-'
(%- )3 )2 -%#%22!18 3. 2%#41% 3(% 2823%, 3(% &.++.6:
/1.#%$41%2 !1% $)#3!3%$ )- /!13 "8 24",!1)-% /.6%1
)-' '4)$%+)-%2 2(!++ "% &.++.6%$
1%04)1%,%-32 6()+% 4-$%16!8 .1 $41)-' )-/.13 /%1):
! (% 2823%,2 2(.4+$ -.3 "% )-$)2#1),): .$2 6(%1% 4-$%16!8 1%!$)-%22 ,423 "% ,!)-3!)-%$
-!3%+8 2%#41%$ %#41% 3(% 2823%, .-+8 6(%- !-8 ./%1!3)-' /1.#%$41%2 !1% $%5%+./%$ 3. 24//.13
-%#%22!18 !-$ 1%04)1%$ 3(%2% 1%04)1%,%-32

S9086-G1-STM-010/CH-223V1R2
*! ." *+0 *" "//.&(5 !1" 0+ 00".5 (&)&00&+*/ *! 0%.+1$%
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."-1&.")"*0/ ." ."!1 "! *! 0%" *1 (". ." 0+. 223-3.6.3.1Ventilation 00".5 2"*0&(0&+* ."-1&."7
++("! !+3* 3&0% /%&,/ (+!/ /1,,+.0"! 5 /%+." )"*0/ /%(( " &* +.!* " 3&0% " 0&+* +. %57
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)((5 )&*0&*"! #1((5 %.$"! +* +,"* &. 1&0 *! &/
*+0 1/"! "4 ",0 &* /," &#& /1,,+.0 +# 0"/0/ +. &* ")".7 223-3.6.3.2Electrolyte Agitation System %" "(" 7
$"* &"/ 1.&*$ 0%"/" ,".&+!/ 00".5 *! 00".5 0.+(50" &. $&00&+* /5/0") /%(( " +,".0"! / #+(7
/1,,+.0 /5/0") +,".0&+*/ ." )!" )+." #("4&(" 0+ (+3/ #+. (( 00".5 05,"/
2+&! 1**" "//.5 &*0".#"."* " 3&0% /%&,5.! 3+.'
%" /5/0") )5 " /" 1."! 3%"* 0%" 00".5
*! ." +0%".3&/" !& 00"! +*(5 5 0%" "(" 0.+ %")&7
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( %. 0".&/0& / +# ("! &! 00".&"/
00".5 !&/ +**" 0/ +,"* +. 3&0% !&/ +**" 0/ (+/"!
223-3.6.2AUTHORITY FOR REDUCED OPERĆ *! 0%" 00".5 &* &*0".)&00"*0 /".2& "
ATING REQUIREMENTS AND CONCURRENCE
ON DEVIATIONS 1.&*$ *"3 +*/0.1 0&+* 0%" 17 %" /5/0") )1/0 " +,".0"! +*0&*1+1/(5 &#
,".2&/+. +# %&,1&(!&*$ &/ ."/,+*/&(" #+. "*/1.&*$ 0%" 00".5 &/ 0%" /& ,+3". /+1. " #+. %+0"( (+!/ +.
0%0 00".5 +,".0&+*/ ." &* +.!* " 3&0% ."7 &/ &* 0%" 0.& '("!&/ %.$" )+!" +# +,".0&+* # 0%"
-1&.")"*0/ &* ,.$.,%/
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1.&*$ *"3 +*/0.1 0&+* #0". /%&,/ #+. " -1&.")"*0 0"),+..5 &. /+1. " )1/0 " ,.+2&!"!
0'"/ +,".0&+*( +*0.+( +# 0%" 00".5 +. !1.&*$
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+. " +))*!". $.*0/ 10%+.&05 #+. ."!1 "! +,".7 #+. 0 ("/0
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(" #+. "*/1.&*$ 0%0 00".5 +,".0&+*/ ." &* +.7 +),("0&+* +# #1* 0&+*( %" ' +# (( "(( $&00+./
!* " 3&0% 0%" #+((+3&*$ ,.$.,%/ %"* /%&,5.! / !"/ .&"! &* ,.$.,%

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3&(( &# *" "//.5 +0&* 0%" 00".5 )*1# 01."./
223-3.6.4BATTERY CHARGES + /," &( %.$"
+* 1.."* " + 2+&! 1**" "//.5 !"(5/ +* 1.7
&/ ."-1&."! #0". &*/0((0&+* "4 ",0 0%0 0%" #&./0
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%.$" $&2"* +*+.! /%&, /%(( " * "-1(&6&*$
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%.$" /"" /" 0&+*

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/ .&"! ,.+ "!1."/ /%(( " "*0"."! &* 0%" 00".5 ."7
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+.! ++'
*5 "40"*!"! 2&(&(&05 +. +2".%1( ,".&+! (+*$".
223-3.6.3GENERAL OPERATION 00".5 +,".7 0%* !5/ # 0%&/ ,".&+! &/ 0%."" )+*0%/ +. ("//
0&+* /%(( " &* +.!* " 3&0% ,.$.,%/
*+.)( +,".

ations can be resumed without additional charging. plots of previous equalizing charges. Any unexĆ
plained change in the average value, or any individual
If longer, an equalizing charge must be conducted deviations from the average value, shall be investiĆ
prior to resuming normal trickle-discharge operaĆ gated.
tion. Battery charging for USS DOLPHIN may be reĆ
viewed in USS DOLPHIN Battery technical manual. c. Trickle-discharge Mode. In the trickle-
Otherwise, battery charging shall be as follows: discharge mode of operation, the battery is connected
to the busbars and continuously discharged at four to
a. Open Circuit Mode. In the open circuit seven amperes for GUPPY I Mod C, five to 10 amĆ
mode of operation, or when the battery is on open cirĆ peres for GUPPY I Mod E and seven to 14 amperes
cuit operation and periodic use results where there for TRIDENT and is available for additional disĆ
are fewer than 1000 Ah for GUPPY I Mod C, 1400 Ah charge as required. A charge is given every two weeks,
for GUPPY I Mod E and 2000 Ah for TRIDENT of or when cumulative Ah discharge reaches 4000 Ah for
discharge. An equalizing charge must be given beĆ GUPPY I Mod C, 5400 Ah for GUPPY I Mod E and
tween the sixth and seventh month. If shipyard work 7500 Ah for TRIDENT, or when specific gravity drops
will interfere with this schedule, an equalizing charge to 1.175 for GUPPY I Mod C and TRIDENT's or
must be conducted prior to the start of work. Cell voltĆ 1.185 for GUPPY I Mod E, whichever occur first.
ages and specific gravities shall be plotted for each These charge criteria assume that residual capacity
equalizing charge and compared to plots of previous considerably below rated capacity can be tolerated. If
equalizing charges. Any unexplained change in the a higher residual capacity is required, charge criteria
average value, or any individual deviations from the may be adjusted accordingly. If a biweekly routine is
average value, shall be investigated. maintained, every other charge should be an equalizĆ
ing charge. Charging more frequently than once a
b. Open Circuit - Intermittent Service Mode.
week should be avoided; equalizing charges should
In this mode of operation, the battery is on open cirĆ
not be given more often than once a month.
cuit and periodic use result in 1000 Ah for GUPPY I
Mod C, 1400 Ah for GUPPY I Mod E and 2000 Ah for
. Semi-annual batĆ
TRIDENT or more of discharge. In this case, an tery capacity test discharges are not normally reĆ
equalizing charge must be given within 30 days after quired during new construction, overhaul or exĆ
reaching 1000 Ah GUPPY I Mod C, 1400 Ah GUPPY tended availability periods. If a test discharge is reĆ
I Mod E or 2000 Ah TRIDENT or when use results quired, it is conducted in accordance with paragraph
in 3000 Ah (6000 Ah for TRIDENT) of discharge, or 223-5.5.4. Low capacity (below 90 percent) is comĆ
when specific gravity drops to 1.195, whichever occurs mon after a battery replacement or after a period of
first. Cell voltages and specific gravities shall be extended inactivity. Capacity will increase when the
plotted for each equalizing charge and compared to battery is placed in normal service.
85/(86 blank)
85

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S9086-G1-STM-010/CH-223V1R2
System Design Manual, publication Where: Hs = the hydrogen generation rate

S9512-A2-MMO-010. while snorkeling, in cubic feet per
minute (cfm)
223-4.1.2.2 Effects of Barometric Pressure on the
Hydrogen Generation Rate. During a battery charge, Is = the equivalent battery charging
hydrogen can be found in three locations within a batĆ rate (i.e., that finishing rate which
tery cell: causes the battery to generate hyĆ
drogen at the same rate as the
a. On the walls and plates of the cell barometric pressure reduction exĆ
perienced during snorkel operaĆ
b. In the electrolyte solution tions does), in amperes.
c. In the space between the electrolyte and the

NOTE
cell top.
The equivalent charging rate, Is, can only
When the barometric pressure within the submarine be determined through testing. (see section
is reduced, the quantity of hydrogen which can adhere 223-4.6.8) Based on previous tests, Is is asĆ
to surfaces within the cell or remain dissolved within signed a value of 100 amperes per operatĆ
the electrolyte is greatly reduced. Therefore, the rate ing diesel engine.
at which hydrogen is released by the battery increases
(even though the rate at which hydrogen is generated 223-4.1.2.4 Hydrogen Generation During RecurĆ
is not affected by the pressure reduction). Therefore, ring Pressure Reductions. After a period of reduced
the hydrogen generation rate appears greater than it barometric pressure, conditions within the battery
actually is. Since the barometric pressure within the cells (i.e., the amount of hydrogen within the electroĆ
ship drops during snorkel operations (due to the cyclĆ lyte, on the cell walls and plates, and within the head
ing of the snorkel head valve), provisions must be space) will return to normal. During this normalizaĆ
made for diluting the additional hydrogen released by tion period, the amount of hydrogen released by the
the battery during snorkel operations. battery is substantially reduced. Therefore, when sevĆ
eral pressure reductions occur within a short period
223-4.1.2.3 Hydrogen Generation Rate While SnorĆ of time, the battery's hydrogen release rate only inĆ
keling. To account for the additional hydrogen reĆ creases during the first pressure reduction. Hydrogen
leased by the battery during snorkel operations, an is released at a greaterĆthanĆnormal rate only when
equivalent charging rate, Is, is added to the battery the barometric pressure within the ship falls below the
finishing rate, I. For snorkel operations, equation (1) level reached during a previous pressure reduction.
becomes: However, for safety, a constant hydrogen release rate
(see section 223-4.1.2.3) should be assumed whenevĆ
Hs = 0.00027(I + Is) (2) er the ship is snorkeling.
88
S9086-G1-STM-010/CH-223V1R2
223-4.1.3MAXIMUM SAFE CONCENTRATION + 2$# '7#0.&$- 27/(" + ! 22$07 ".,/ 02,$-2 4$-9
OF HYDROGEN IN AIR -7 ".-"$-20 2(.- .% '79 2(+ 2(.- 1712$, (1 1'.5- 1"'$, 2(" ++7 (-
#0.&$- !$25$$- %.30 -# /$0"$-2 (- (0 5(++ $69 (&30$

/+.#$ 5'$- (&-(2$# '$0$%.0$ 2'$ , 6(,3, ".-9
"$-20 2(.- .% '7#0.&$- /$0,(22$# 2 -7 /.(-2 5(2'(- 223-4.1.4.1Air Supply for Battery Compartments
2'$ ! 22$07 ".,/ 02,$-2 (1 /$0"$-2 . $-130$ . $-130$ 2' 2 2'$ ! 22$07 ".,/ 02,$-2 (1 4$-2(+ 2$#
2' 2 /."*$21 .% '7#0.&$- #. -.2 %.0, (- .2'$0 0$ 1 2 ++ 2(,$1 2'$ ! 22$07 ".,/ 02,$-2 $6' 312 1712$,
.% 2'$ 1'(/ 2'$ 3"+$ 0 .5$0$# 3!, 9 ' 1 1$4$0 + (0 ,.4$01 - ##(2(.- 2. 2'$ ! 22$07
0(-$ 2,.1/'$0$ .-20.+ -3 + /3!+(" 2(.- ".,/ 02,$-2 $6' 312 % -1 % - 0.., $6' 312 % -
.-%(#$-2( + 12 2$1 2' 2 #($1$+ .0 +.59/0$1130$ !+.5$0 " - !$ 31$# 2. 4$-2(+ 2$
2'$ 1'(/1 ,!($-2 '7#0.&$- ".-"$-20 2(.- 1'.3+# 2'$ ! 22$07 ".,/ 02,$-2 3//+7 (0 (1 #0 5- (-2. 2'$
-.2 $6"$$# /$0"$-2 '$ 1'(/!. 0# '7#0.&$- #$9 ! 22$07 ".,/ 02,$-2 %0., - #) "$-2 1/ "$ 4(
2$"2.0 -# 2'$ $-20 + 2,.1/'$0$ .-(2.0(-& 719 - 230 + 13//+7 #3"2 -# //0./0( 2$+7 #$1(&-$# (0
2$, 1'.3+# !$ ./$0 2$# ".-2(-3.31+7 2. $-9 #(120(!32(.- /+$-3, 47 12 -# 0# %(+2$0 -#
130$ 2' 2 2'$ ++.5 !+$ '7#0.&$- ".-"$-20 2(.- +(,(21 %(+2$0 .0 - $+$"20.12 2(" /0$"(/(2 2.0
0$ -.2 $6"$$#$# (-12 ++$# (- 2'$ - 230 + 13//+7 #3"2 $-130$ 2' 2 .-+7
"+$ - (0 (1 #0 5- (-2. 2'$ ! 22$07 ".,/ 02,$-2 -
223-4.1.4PRINCIPLES OF BATTERY $+$"20(" #3"2 '$ 2$0 (1 (-12 ++$# (- 2'$ - 230 + 13//+7
COMPARTMENT VENTILATION 22$07 #3"25.0* 2. 0$#3"$ 2'$ ,.3-2 .% ".-#$-1 2(.- ."9
".,/ 02,$-2 $6' 312 1712$,1 0$ #0 592'0.3&' 1719 "300(-& (- 2'$ ! 22$07 ".,/ 02,$-2 .-20.+ .% #(02
2$,1 ' 2 (1 (0 (1 /3++$# 2'0.3&' 2'$ ! 22$07 -# ,.(1230$ (1 -$"$11 07 2. /0$4$-2 ! 22$07 &0.3-#1
".,/ 02,$-2 !7 $6' 312 % -1 +.59/0$1130$ !+.5$0 .0
#($1$+ +." 2$# .- 2'$ $6' 312 1(#$ .% 2'$ ! 22$07 WARNING
".,/ 02,$-2 - &$-$0 + 2'$ ! 22$07 ".,/ 02,$-2
$6' 312 1712$, ".-1(121 .% 47 12 -# 0# (0 %(+2$0 '$ ! 22$07 ".,/ 02,$-2 $+$"20(" #3"2
'(&'9$%%("($-"7 / 02("3+ 2$ (0 %(+2$0 .0 - '$ 2$0 -# $+$"20.12 2(" /0$"(/(2 2.0 ,312
$+$"20.12 2(" /0$"(/(2 2.0 - $+$"20(" #3"2 '$ 29 !$ #$$-$0&(8$# !$%.0$ 12 02(-& ! 22$07
$0 - (-+$2 (1.+ 2(.- 4 +4$ - 230 + 13//+7 #3"2 "' 0&$ 2 ,312 0$, (- #$$-$0&(8$#
13//+7 (0 #(120(!32(.- /+$-3, - $6' 312 /+$-3, 2'0.3&'.32 2'$ "' 0&(-& ./$0 2(.- -# %.0
$6' 312 #3"25.0* - .32+$2 (1.+ 2(.- 4 +4$ '7#0.9 2 +$ 12
,(-32$1 %2$0 2'$ "' 0&$ ' 1
&$- #$2$"2(.- 1712$, ! 22$07 (0%+.5 ,$2$0 !$$- 1$"30$#
1 ,/+(-& /.02 ! 22$07 $6' 312 % -1 ! 29
2$07 $6' 312 $,$0&$-"7 0$+($% # ,/$0 -# 223-4.1.4.2Battery Compartment Exhaust ArĆ
#(4$02(-& 4 +4$1 .0 # ,/$01 2. #(0$"2 2'$ (0%+.5 2. rangements '$ ! 22$07 ".,/ 02,$-2 $6' 312 1719
% - 0.., % - +.59/0$1130$ !+.5$0 .0 #($1$+ 2$, (1 00 -&$# 1. 2' 2 2'$ ! 22$07 $6' 312 % -1 0$
1 ,/+(-& /.02 (1 /0.4(#$# -$ 0 2'$ 47 12 -# 0# (0 ./$0 2$# (- 1$0($1 5(2' % - 0.., $6' 312 % - +.59
%(+2$0 2 2'$ (0 (-+$2 .% 2'$ ! 22$07 ".,/ 02,$-2 $69 /0$1130$ !+.5$0 .0 #($1$+ '$- 2'$ 1712$, (1 ./$0 29
' 312 1712$, 2. ,$ 130$ 2'$ ".-"$-20 2(.- .% 0$"(0"39 (-& (- 2'$ $"(09

S9086-G1-STM-010/CH-223V1R2
Figure 223-18.Typical Battery Compartment Ventilation System
) ( !# ( ((&- ,)'( "' " " &##! '+$' ( -&#"/& & &#! ( ((&-
,)'( " & &)" ( '$ (# *"( ( ( #!$&(!"( #*& ((&- #!$&(!"(
((&- #!$&(!"( # "')& #"(")#)' #$&/ & '(&)(#" $ ")!' #( ')$$ - " ,)'(
(#" ( ((&- ,)'( "' & $#+& &#! ( & &) - '" " "'( (# "')& (( (
'$' '&* *( )' " (#" ( ((&- & '(&)(#" +(" ( ((&- #!$&(!"( '
#!$&(!"( ,)'( '-'(! " & " '# (( )"#&!
( '$' ' #& #+/$&'')& #+& " )' (#
223-4.1.4.4Air Distribution Plenums ((&-
*"( ( ( ((&- #!$&(!"( " '"#& "
#!$&(!"( & '(&)(#" $ ")!' ')$$ - "
( ((&- #!$&(!"( ,)'( '-'(! )( .' (
,)'( & #( #" #$$#'( #" '' # (
((&- ,)'( "' " ( '$' ' " (
((&- #!$&(!"( ' #( #& '&' # ' #(' &)"""
"( ( !# ( ((&- #!$&(!"( ,)'(
( "(& "( # $ ")! )"#&! - '(&/
'-'(! )( .' ( ((&- ,)'( "' " (
)(' ( & #+
#( $ ")!' & '" '# ((
'$' #+ $&'')& #+& " ( )& "( (
( '(( $&'')& ' %) ( $#"(' " ( $ ")!
!# ( ((&- ,)'( "' & )( . (# *"(/
)&" #"'(&)(#" # '' ')!&"' (
( ( ((&- #!$&(!"( (# ( " &##!
& #+ (&#) ( ' #(' ' " - )'(" (
223-4.1.4.3Airflow Distribution Within the Battery ' #( +( ' "')&' (( ( -&#"/& *"/
Compartment. " -&#" ' (& (" & ( ( (#" & !,' (#&#) - +( ( -&#"/&
&'' &#! ( ((&- ' (# ( ((&- #!$&(/ & "' ( ((&- #!$&(!"(
- $&#*"
!"( #*& # $&*"( ( )!) (#" # -/ ')"( %)"((- # )"#&! - '(&)( & #+
&#" ( ((&- #!$&(!"( ,)'( '-'(! +(" ( ((&- #!$&(!"( ( *"( (#"

S9086-G1-STM-010/CH-223V1R2
3934&- 02&6&.43 &80,/3*6& $/.$&.42"4*/.3 /' )9%2/; / 4)& )9%2/(&. $/.$&.42"4*/. "4 4)&
(&. '2/- "$$5-5,"4*.( *. $/2.&23 "4 3425$452", -&-; *.,&4 /' 4)& #"44&29 $/-0"24-&.4 *.
#&23 /2 "4 /4)&2 ."452", ',/7 #"22*&23 7*4)*. 4)& #"4; 0&2$&.4 !)&. 4)&2& *3 ./
4&29 $/-0"24-&.4 3"-0,*.( 0/24 "4 4)& *.,&4 / $". #&
"335-&% 4/ #& &15", 4/ 4)& 3)*03
223-4.1.4.5Battery Exhaust Emergency Relief
"-#*&.4 $/.$&.42"4*/.
(BEER) Damper )& #"44&29 &8)"534 &-&2(&.$9 2&;
,*&' %"-0&2 *3 " (2"6*49;,/"%&% ',"00&2;490&
& 4)& )9%2/(&. $/.$&.42"4*/. /' 4)&
%"-0&2 )& %"-0&2 *3 -/5.4&% *. 4)& #"44&29
"*2 *. 4)& #"44&29 $/-0"24-&.4 &8;
$/-0"24-&.4 &8)"534 %5$47/2+ %/7.342&"- /' 4)&
)"534 %5$47/2+ *. 0&2$&.4
#"44&29 &8)"534 '".3 ".% 50342&"- /' 4)& '*234 *3/,";
4*/. 6",6& "'4&2 4)& '".3 . 4)*3 ,/$"4*/. 4)&
)& )9%2/(&. %*342*#54*/. '"$4/2 *3 %&0&.%&.4 50/.
%"-0&2 $". -"*.4"*. "*2',/7 4)2/5() 4)& #"44&29
4)& $)"2"$4&2*34*$3 /' &"$) 3)*03 #"44&29 $/-0"24;
$/-0"24-&.4 "4 ",, 4*-&3 )& %"-0&2 *3 ./2;
-&.4 ".% #"44&29 $/-0"24-&.4 &8)"534 3934&-
-",,9 ,/$"4&% *. 4)& '". 2//- /2 3*-*,"2 ,/$"4*/. 4/ &.;
)&2&'/2& 4)& )9%2/(&. %*342*#54*/. '"$4/2 '/2 ".9
352& 4)& 2"0*% %*,54*/. /2 &,*-*."4*/. /' ".9 &8;
0"24*$5,"2 3)*0 /2 3)*0 $,"33 $". /.,9 #& %&4&2-*.&% #9
)"534&% )9%2/(&. . ./ $"3& 3)/5,% 4)&
4&34*.( 3&& 3&$4*/.

%"-0&2 #& ,/$"4&% .&"2 " 0/33*#,& 3/52$& /' *(.*4*/.
223-4.1.4.6Hydrogen Distribution Factor, K )& NOTE
)9%2/(&. %*342*#54*/. '"$4/2 *3 %&'*.&% "3 4)& 2"4*/
!)&. 4)& "$45", 6",5& /' %&4&2-*.&%
/' 4)& )*()&34 -&"352&% )9%2/(&. $/.$&.42"4*/. *.
4)2/5() 4&34*.( *3 ,&33 4)".
4)& )9%2/;
4)& #"44&29 $/-0"24-&.4 4/ 4)& )9%2/(&. $/.$&.42";
(&. %*342*#54*/. '"$4/2 *3 "33*(.&% " 6",5& /'
4*/. *. 4)& #"44&29 &8)"534 %5$4 "4)&-"4*$",,9

!)&. 4)& 6",5& /' %&4&2-*.&%
4)2/5() 4&34*.( *3 (2&"4&2 4)".
4)& "$;
: ): ;: /
: 45", 6",5& 3)/5,% #& 53&%
&: ;:
223-4.1.5HYDROGEN DISPOSAL !)&. " 35#;
!)&2& 4)& )9%2/(&. %*342*#54*/. '"$4/2 -"2*.& *3 /0&2"4*.( 35#-&2(&% )9%2/(&. *3 #52.&% *.
%*-&.3*/.,&33 4)& ;
#52.&23 52*.( 352'"$&% /2 3./2+&, /0;
&2"4*/.3 4)& %*&3&, /2 ,/7;02&3352& #,/7&2 $". #&
) 4)& )*()&34 -&"352&% )9%2/(&. $/.; 53&% 4/ 6&.4*,"4& 4)& #"44&29 $/-0"24-&.4 %*2&$4,9
$&.42"4*/. *. 4)& #"44&29 $/-0"24; /6&2#/"2% . 4)& 52'"$& &.4*,"4& -/%& *' 4)& 4/0;
-&.4 *. 0&2$&.4 /2 3"'&49 ) $".; 3*%& )"4$)&3 "2& /0&. 4)& -"*. *.%5$4*/. '".3 $".
./4 &8$&&% 0&2$&.4 3&& 3&$4*/. #& 53&% 4/ 2&%5$& 4)& )9%2/(&. $/.$&.42"4*/. *. 4)&

3)*03 "4-/30)&2&

S9086-G1-STM-010/CH-223V1R2
223-4.2BATTERY COMPARTMENT EXHAUST 0#. '/ )+1*0#" / !(+/# 0+ 0&# 2#*01.' / ,+//' (#
SYSTEM INSTRUMENTATION 7'*!& +10/'"# "')#0#. /0'*(#// /0##( '*/0.17
)#*0 01 '*% '/ 1/#" 0+ !+**#!0 0&# 2#*01.' 0+ 0&#
223-4.2.1AIRFLOW METERS 00#.5 '.$(+3
0.*/)'00#. 1 '*% '/ *+ )+.# 0&* $##0 '* (#*%0&
)#0#./ .# 1/#" 0+ )+*'0+. 0&# 2+(1)#0.'! '.$(+3
*" (( 01 '*% !+**#!0'+*/ .# )"# 3'0& $(.#" +. /'(7
.0# 0&.+1%& 0&# 00#.5 !+),.0)#*0 3+ 05,#/ +$
2#. .6#" $'00'*%/ %# 2(2#/ .# ,.+2'"#" '* #!&
'.$(+3 )#0#./ .# !1..#*0(5 '*/0((#" '* /1 ).'*#/
0.*/)'00#. (#" /+ 0&0 ,+.0 (# 701 # )*+)#7
#*01.'705,# '.$(+3 )#0#./ .# '*/0((#" '* (( /1 )7
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223-4.2.2SHIPYARD INSTALLATION AND CALĆ *" 0&# 0.*/)'00#. &# #-1('6'*% 2(2# '/ *+.)((5
IBRATION OF VENTURI AIRFLOW METERS /&10 *" 0+ ,.#2#*0 +2#.,.#//1.'60'+* +$ 0&# 0.*/7
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'*!&#/ +$ 30#. %%# 0
223-4.2.2.2Venturi Airflow Meter Pressure TransĆ )4')1) $(+3 0&# '*/0((#" 2#*01.' /&+1(" # .#7
mitter &# 2#*01.' '.$(+3 )#0#. ,.#//1.# 0.*/)'07 ,(!#" 5 2#*01.' 3'0& /)((#. 0&.+0 "')#0#.
S9086-G1-STM-010/CH-223V1R2
!0 0$! (%.0%*# /,.%*# &1/0)!*0 +* 0$! )%*0%* /!0 +" (%.0%+* 1.2!/ "+. 0$%/ ,1.,+/!
,.!//1.! 0.*/)%00!. /+ 0$0 0$! !"(!0%+* +" 0$! %* %7 $! (%.0%+* +" 0$! 2!*01.% %."(+3 )!0!. )1/0 !
0+. *!! (! %/ &1/0 /$+.0 +" "1(( /(! ,,.+4%)0!(5 '!,0 / 1.0! / ,+//%(! /%*! 0$! /"!05 +" 0$! /$%,
!#.!!/ +" . 0 0$! %""!.!*0%( ,.!//1.! !2!(7 * 0$! .!3 !,!* / +* 0$! .,% % !*0%"%0%+* +"
+,! 5 0$! 2!*01.% 0 )4%)1) %."(+3 $%/ !*/1.!/ ,.+(!)/ 3%0$ 0$! 00!.5 +),.0)!*0 !4$1/0 /5/7
0$0 0$! %."(+3 %* %0+. *!! (! 3%(( *+0 ! 6,!##! 0!)
+. +"" /(! 0 "1(( %."(+3
223-4.2.3SHIPYARD INSTALLATION AND CALĆ
(+0 +* 0$! /)! #.,$ 0$! 0 +0%*! IBRATION OF HOTWIRE ANEMOMETERĆTYPE
".+) 0$! 0!/0%*# +" +0$ 0$! %."(+3 )!0!. 2!*01.% * AIRFLOW METERS $+073%.! *!)+)!0!. %.7
0$! 0.*/)%00!.%* %0+. //!)(5 $0 %/ ,(+0 0$! "(+3 )!0!. +*/%/0/ +" /!*/%*# !(!)!*0 * !(!0.+*%
%."(+3 .0! 0 3$%$ 0$! 2!*01.% !2!(+,/ #%2!* %"7 +*0.+((!. * .!)+0! %* %0+. $! /!*/%*# !(!7
"!.!*0%( ,.!//1.! #%*/0 0$! !"(!0%+* +" 0$! %."(+3 )!*0 %/ )+1*0! %* 0$! 00!.5 +),.0)!*0 !4$1/0
%* %0+. *!! (! 0 0$0 /)! ,.!//1.! /! 0$! .!/1(07 103+.' 3$!.! 0$! %."(+3 ++(/ * ..5 +" $!0!
%*# (%.0%+* 1.2! 0+ ).' 0$! %. "(+3 %* %0+. 0$!.)%/0+./ $%/ ++(%*# !""!0 $*#!/ 0$! %*0!.*(
.!/%/0*! +" 0$! 0$!.)%/0+./ %* %.!0 ,.+,+.0%+* 0+
$! %*/0((0%+* /$+1( ! %*/,!0! "+. 0$! %."(+3 2!(+%05 $! +*0.+((!. +*2!.0/ 0$%/
3+.')*/$%, 0%#$0*!// * +),(!0!*!// "0!. 0$! $*#! %* .!/%/0*! 0+ 2+(0#! 3$%$ %/ .! 5 0$!
!*0%.! 00!.5 %."(+3 )!0!. /5/0!) $/ !!* %*/0((! .!)+0! %* %0+. "0!. 0$! %."(+3 )!0!. %/ %*/0((!
+* 0$! /$%, .+,!. +,!.0%+* /$+1( ! 2!.%"%! 5 0$! 2+(0#!/ ,.+ 1! 5 0$! +*0.+((!. 0 2.%+1/ %.7
+),.%*# %."(+3 )!/1.!)!*0/ !03!!* 0$! 07 "(+3 .0!/ .! .!+. ! $%/ 2+(0#! 2!./1/ %."(+3
0!.5 %."(+3 )!0!. * )!/1.!)!*0/ 0'!* 3%0$ .+7 .!(0%+*/$%, %/ 0$!* 1/! 0+ (%.0! 0$! .!)+0! %* %7
00%*# 2*! *!)+)!0!. 0 0$! 25 /0* . "%(0!. 0+. %* 1% "!!0 ,!. )%*10! ") 0 %/ %),+.0*0 0+
+* 0$! %. %*(!0 0+ 0$! 00!.5 +),.0)!*0 !/1.!7 *+0! 0$0 0$%/ 2+(0#! 2!./1/ %."(+3 .!(0%+*/$%, %/
)!*0/ /$+1( +..!/,+* 3%0$%*
,!.!*0 * +*(5 2(% "+. 0$! 2!(+%05 ,.+"%(! !*+1*0!.! %* 0$!
/$+1( ! 0'!* 0 0$! )4%)1) %."(+3 .0! 0$! 10 3$!.! 0$! /!*/%*# !(!)!*0 %/ %*/0((! $1/ %"
)%*%)1) %."(+3 .0! ,,.+4%)0!(5 ") * 0$! (+0%+* +" 0$! /!*/%*# !(!)!*0 +. 0$! +*"%#1.7
0$.!! ,,.+4%)0!(5 !-1( /,! %*0!.)! %0! %. 0%+* +" 0$! 103+.' %/ $*#! 0$! %."(+3 )!0!.
"(+3 .0!/ )1/0 ! .!(%.0! "+. 0$! *!3 2!(+%05 ,.+"%(!
223-4.2.2.4Use of Calibration Curves / (+*# / 223-4.2.4HYDROGEN DETECTORS AND INDIĆ
0$! 2!*01.% 0$.+0 * ,.!//1.! 0,/ .! '!,0 (!* CATORS $! $5 .+#!* !0!0+. %/ 1/! 0+ !0!.7
* 1* )#! 0$! ,.!//1.! 2/ "(+3 $.0!.%/0%/ )%*! 0$! 2(1! +" ! 5 )+*%0+.%*# 0$! $5 .+#!* +*7
+" 0$! 2!*01.% %."(+3 )!0!. 3%(( .!)%* +*/0*0 !*0.0%+* %* 0$! 00!.5 +),.0)!*0 !4$1/0 10
+3!2!. 0$! (%.0%+* +" 0$! 0.*/)%00!. * $! .!(0%+*/$%, !03!!* 0$! $5 .+#!* +*!*0.7
$*#! +. #+ +10 +" &1/0)!*0 $! (%.0%+* +" 0$! 0%+* %* 0$! 00!.5 +),.0)!*0 !4$1/0 ! * 0$!
0.*/)%00!. * ! $!'! !/%(5 3%0$ ,+.0(! )7 )4%)1) $5 .+#!* +*!*0.0%+* %* 0$! 00!.5
*+)!0!. * 0$! (%.0%+* 1.2!/ ,.!,.! %* /0!, +),.0)!*0 %/ !"%*! 5 0$! $5 .+#!* %/0.%10%+*
+" /!0%+* $ /1).%*! /$+1( "0+. /!! /!0%+*

S9086-G1-STM-010/CH-223V1R2
NOTE !' %"*,"' ,! !1*( ' ,,(*+ ('%1 %'

*1 (&)*++ %"*,"(' ++ /",! ,/( $'(/'
'++*1 !1*( ' ('',*,"(' ' !1*( ' ('',*,"('+ ( )*', '
)*3
&+-* 1 ,! ',*% ,&(+)!* ', *+),".%1 +!(-% -+ ( '+-* ,!, ,!
('",(*"' 1+,& %"*,"(' ++ * *1 ,! -%* #* "' ,! %3
"*,"(' +, +!(-% %, &),1
223-4.2.4.1Hydrogen Detectors ! !1*( ' 3
223-4.2.5CENTRAL ATMOSPHERE MONITORĆ
,,(* ('+"+,+ ( (',*(%%* -'", ,/( +'+"' %3
ING SYSTEM ',*% ,&(+)!* ('",(*"'
&',+ ' (-* *&(, "'",(*+ /( +)*, !13
1+,& )% ( &('",(*"' !1*( ' +
*( ' ,,"(' "*-",+ * )*(." "' ! ,3
/%% + +.*% (,!* +++ "+ "'+,%% (' %% '-%*
,(* -'", +( ,!, ! "*-", +*.+ + $-) (* ,!
+-&*"'+ &)%"' )(*,+ (* ,! -'", *
(,!* ' ","(' ,! +'+(*+ * /"* +( ,!, !
,1)"%%1 %(, '* ,! "'%, ,( ,! ,,*1 (&)*,3
"*-", "+ '* "2 , %% ,"&+ /( *&(, !1*( '
&', 0!-+, +1+,& -+ ,( &+-* ( "' ,!
"'",(*+ (' (* ! ,,"(' "*-", *
,,*1 (&)*,&', 0!-+, -,/(*$ ' , +.*3
&(-', (' (,! ,! %,*" %', (',*(% '%
% (,!* %(,"('+ ,!*(- !(-, ,! +!") ,! !1*(3
' ,! %%+, (',*(% '%
' ,,(* "%+ ,! &1 -+ ,( &('",(*
223-4.2.4.2Hydrogen Detector Operation ! !13 ,! !1*( ' ('',*,"(' ( ,! ,,*1 (&)*,3
*( ' ,,(*+ ()*, (' ,! )*"'")% ( ,!*&% &', 0!-+, *', !1*( ' "+ ,*&"' 1 "3
('-,".",1 !, +'+"' %&', "+ 0)(+ ,( .""' ,! !1*( ' )*,"% )*++-* 1 ,! ,(,% )*+3
+&)% ( "* *(& ,! ,,*1 (&)*,&', 0!-+, +-* + "'", 1 ,! ' &-%,")%1"' 1
-, + ,! !1*( ' (',', ( ,! "* +&)% "'3
*++ ,! +&)%+ ,!*&% ('-,".",1 %+( "'3 223-4.3BATTERY COMPARTMENT EXHAUST
*++ ' ,! ,&)*,-* ( ,! +'+"' %&', SYSTEM DESIGN LIMITS
*++ )*()(*,"(',%1 ! %,*"% *+"+,'
( ,! +'+(* "+ )*()(*,"('% ,( ",+ ,&)*,-* 223-4.3.1HYDROGEN CONCENTRATION LIMĆ
!*(* !' + "' !1*( ' ('',*,"(' ' ITS ! !1*( ' ('',*,"('+ ( ,! ,,*1
&+-* 1 &+-*"' ,! !' + "' ,! %,*"% (&)*,&', ' ,! +!")+ ,&(+)!* &1 3
*+"+,' ( ,! +'+"' %&', ! !1*( ' 3 , 1 '1 ( ,! (%%(/"'
,,(* (',*(%%* -'", ('.*,+ ,! +'+"' %&',+ ! '-&* ( %%+ "' ,! ,,*1
*+"+,' &+-*&', ,( ' %,*"% (-,)-, +" '%
!"+ +" '% "+ +', ,( ,! *&(, "'",(*+ /!"! * ! ,,*1 !* "' (* "+!* "' *,
%"*, "' )*', !1*( ' ! )("', "' ,"& "' ,! !* "' )*(3
-*
223-4.2.4.3Hydrogen Detector Calibration ProceĆ
dure 1*( ' ,,(*+ +!(-% %"*, "' 3 ! +-' *-,"(' ( &"', *(&,3
(*' /",! ,! &'-,-**+ *(&&',"('+ *" )*++-*

" %" 11"/6 3"+1&)1&,+ /1" " $/"1"/ 1%+ 1%1 &+ ,1%"/ /"0 ,# 1%" 0%&- %" &+8
/"0" &+ 1%" 3"/$" ,+ "+1/1&,+ ,# %6!/,$"+ &+
# %" +2*"/ +! 16-" ,# 8
2/+"/0 ,-8
1%" 3"+1&)1&,+ &/ *,3&+$ 1%/,2$% 1%" 11"/6
"/1&+$
,*-/1*"+1 + " ) 2)1"! 0 #,)),40
$ %" 1"/*&+1&,+ -,&+1 ,# 1%" 11"/6
,*-/1*"+1 3"+1&)1&,+ 0601"* &" &+,/! ,/
$ +7 7
,3"/,/!
&+ " 1%" ,+ "+1/1&,+ ,# %6!/,$"+ 1 +6 ), 1&,+
4&1%&+ 1%" 0%&- &0 02'" 1 1, 0, *+6 3/&)"0 1%" #,)8 %"/" $ 1%" &+ /"0" &+ 1%" 3"/$" %6!/,8
),4&+$ %6!/,$"+ ,+ "+1/1&,+ )&*&10 %3" ""+ "08 $"+ ,+ "+1/1&,+ ,# 1%" 11"/6
1)&0%"! ,*-/1*"+1 3"+1&)1&,+ &/ !2"
1, %6!/,$"+ $"+"/1"! 6 1%"
%" *5&*2* )),4)" %6!/,$"+ ,+8 0%&-0 11"/6 &" 1%" ,+ "+1/8
"+1/1&,+ 1 +6 -,&+1 4&1%&+ 1%" 11"/6 ,*-/18 1&,+ &+ /"0" /,00 1%" 11"/6
*"+1 *5 ++,1 "5 ""! -"/ "+1 0"" 0" 1&,+ ,*-/1*"+1 &+ -"/ "+1

%" *&"+1 %6!/,$"+ ,+ "+1/1&,+ &+ 1%" 1%" 11"/6 ,*-/1*"+1 3"+1&)8
0%&-0 1*,0-%"/" , ++,1 "5 ""! -"/ "+1 0"" 1&,+ /1" &+ 2& #""1 -"/ *&+21"
0" 1&,+
#*
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"+1/1&,+ &+ 1%" 11"/6 ,*-/1*"+1 "5%201 !2 1
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".21&,+ #,/ " +! 20&+$ 1%" 12) 3)2" ,# , 1, ,+3"/1 1%" ) 2)1"! %6!/,$"+ ,+8
"+1/1&,+ #/,* !" &*) #/ 1&,+ 1, -"/8
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201&121&+$ 1%" %6!/,$"+ $"+"/1&,+ /1" !"3")8
%20 #,/ 02*/&+" 4&1% # 1,/ ,#
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(&$# $##'&' $# $ ''&( "+1/1&,+ $&+"! 6 1%" &/ *,3&+$ 1%/,2$% 1%" 18
$"%&'"#' #' !' $# & &+ " 1%" 11"/6 &0 1%" 1"/6 ,*-/1*"+1 , + )0, " ) 2)1"! 6 028
-/&*/6 0,2/ " ,# %6!/,$"+ ,+ 02*/&+" 1%" %68 1/ 1&+$ 1%" %6!/,$"+ ,+ "+1/1&,+ ,# 1%" *&"+1
!/,$"+ ,+ "+1/1&,+ &+ 1%" 11"/6 ,*-/1*"+1 4&)) &/ "+1"/&+$ 1%" ,*-/1*"+1 ,

S9086-G1-STM-010/CH-223V1R2
from the hydrogen concentration of the exhaust air generated by the battery. Stated mathematically,
stream, Ce. Expressed mathematically: equilibrium is reached when:
Cg = Ce - Co (6) H = (Qb)(Nb)(b/100)(Co)/100)
Qb = The airflow rate through each

By combining equations (5) and (6), it follows that:
COĆH2 burner, in cfm. For Mk. IV
burners, Qb = 500 cfm. For Mk. V
0.027(I)(N) burners, Qb = 650cfm
C eĂ ćĂ C oĂ Ă (7)
Q
Nb = The number of operating COĆH2
223-4.3.1.2 Hydrogen Concentration of the Ship's burners
Atmosphere. The hydrogen concentration of the
ship's atmosphere (in any space or compartment othĆ b = The efficiency of the installed
er than the battery compartment) is referred to as the COĆH2 burners. Unless specified
ambient hydrogen concentration. The ambient hyĆ otherwise,
drogen concentration is, for all practical purposes, the b = 90 percent.
same at all locations. When operating with the
hatches sealed, the COĆH2 burners operating, and the NOTE
main storage battery discharging or on openĆcircuit,
the ambient hydrogen concentration within the ship The constant (100) which appears twice in
will drop, over time, and approach zero percent. DurĆ the equation above is used to convert the
ing a battery charge, the ambient hydrogen conĆ values of b and Co from percentages to
centration will rise. (see section 223-4.1.3) decimal fractions.
223-4.3.1.3 Equilibrium Hydrogen Concentration The ambient hydrogen concentration at equilibrium

During Battery Charging. The factors affecting the can be determined by solving the previous equation
hydrogen generation rate, H, are listed in section for Co. For simplicity, the product of the first three
223-4.1.2. The factors affecting the hydrogen removĆ terms in the rightĆhand side of the equation are deĆ
al rate are as follows: fined as the effective burner airflow rate, R. ThereĆ
fore, the ambient hydrogen concentration at equilibĆ
a. The type of COĆH2 burners installed on the
rium can be calculated as follows:
ship
b. The number of COĆH2 burners operating C oĂ Ă 100H (8)
R
c. The efficiency of the COĆH2 burners
d. The ambient hydrogen concentration. Where: R = The effective burner
airflow rate, in cfm
Equilibrium is reached when the amount of hydrogen
consumed by the COĆH2 burners equals the hydrogen = (Qb)(Nb)(b/100)(Co)/100)
96

( '" ' ! %(& '# By rearranging equation (9), the theoretical ambient
%( &(!. The change in ambient hydrogen conĆ hydrogen concentration, Co, can be calculated for
centration, dCo, with respect to time, dt, can be exĆ anytime, t, after the battery has begun gassing fully.
pressed as the rate at which hydrogen is added to the Solving equation (9) for Co yields:
ship's atmosphere minus the rate at which hydrogen
Co = (H/R)[1 - e(-Rt/V)](100) (10)
is removed from the ship's atmosphere. Expressed as
a differential equation:
Where: e = the base of the natural
dC o RC oń100 logarithms
+Ă HĂ Ă ĆĂ
dt V V
= 2.7183.
HćRC oń100
Ă Ă Ă Ă +Ă
V )!$ #
Determine the equilibrium ambient hydrogen conĆ
Where: V = the ship's floodable volume, centration and time required to reach equilibrium for
excluding the reactor a LOS ANGELES Class (SSN 688) submarine with
compartment and access and the following operating characteristics:
escape trunks, in cubic feet.
I = 200 amperes

N = 126 cells
The value of V, the ship's floodable volume,
can be obtained from the Nuclear Powered V = 160,000 cubic feet (This is not the
Submarine Atmosphere Control Manual, actual volume. This value is used
NAVSEA S9510-AB-ATM-010 only for the purpose of this examĆ
(Confidential). ple.)
By rearranging and integrating this equation, the Qb = 500 cfm

time to reach equilibrium can be calculated. TheoretĆ
ically, equilibrium can only be reached after an infiĆ Nb = 2 burners
nite amount of time (i.e., t = infinity). In practical
terms, the change in the ambient hydrogen conĆ
b = 90 percent
centration is minimal after a relatively short period of
time. The time required to reach 99 percent of the
equilibrium hydrogen concentration can be defined From equation (1):
as follows: H = 0.00027(I)(N)
t = (V/R){ln(H) - ln[H - (R)
(0.99 Co/100)]} (9) = 0.00027(200)(126)
Where: ln = natural logarithm. = 6.804 cfm
97
S9086-G1-STM-010/CH-223V1R2
By definition: = 819 minutes or;

13 hours, 39 minutes.
R = (Qb)(Nb)(b/100)
The preceding value is based on a constant hydrogen
= (500)(2)(90/100)
generation rate and continuous operation of the
COĆH2 burners. Since it is unlikely that a battery
= 900 cfm charge would be continued for nearly 14 hours beyond
the point at which the battery is fully gassing, it is unĆ
Finally, the ambient hydrogen concentration at equiĆ likely that the ambient hydrogen concentration will
librium can be calculated from equation (8), as folĆ ever rise to the theoretical value (Co = 0.756 percent)
lows: calculated above.
Co = 100H/R 223-4.3.2 BATTERY COMPARTMENT VENTILAĆ
TION REQUIREMENTS. For safety, battery
= 100(6.804cfm)/900cfm compartment ventilation must be maintained at all
times. The ventilation rate required at any given time
= 0.756 percent depends upon the condition and use of the battery. To
ensure the safety of the ship and crew, the battery venĆ
NOTE tilation rate should be monitored at regular intervals.
The ambient hydrogen concentration is WARNING

less than the maximum allowable ambient
concentration of 1.0 percent. (see section Before starting a battery charge, the operaĆ
223-4.1.3) tion of all ventilation fans, the lowĆpressure
blower and the diesel should be verified for
the ventilation lineĆup under which the batĆ
The elapsed time between the time at which the batĆ
tery charge is to be conducted. The position
tery begins to gas at its full, theoretical rate and the
of all ventilation system valves and dampĆ
point at which equilibrium is reached in the ship's atĆ
ers should be verified to be in accordance
mosphere is calculated by solving equation (9) for the
with the ship's operating procedures.
known conditions, as follows:
t = (V/R){ln(H) - ln[H - (R) 223-4.3.2.1 Ventilation Requirements During BatĆ
(0.99Co)/100]} tery Charging. In order to conduct a battery charge,
some minimum ventilation rate must be provided by
= (160,000/900){ln(6.804) - the battery compartment exhaust system. This reĆ
ln[6.804 - (900) quired minimum ventilation rate is calculated by comĆ
(0.99)(0.756)/100]} bining equations (3) and (7) as follows:
98

0 2$ 2'0-3&'-32 2'$ $,2(0$ "' 0&(,& -.$0 2(-, ,# %-0

'8 98 -
+8 2 *$ 12
+(,32$1 %2$0 2'$ "' 0&$ ' 1 !$$, 1$"30$#
ƪ

ƫ

$01-,,$* 0$ .0-'(!(2$# %0-+ -.$,(,& 2'$
! 22$07 "-+. 02+$,2 ""$11 -0 %0-+ $,2$09
(,& 2'$ ! 22$07 "-+. 02+$,2 #30(,& ! 29
$.* "(,& ' 5(2' + 6 (, 2'$ $/3 2(-, !-4$ ,# 2$07 "' 0&$ % ! 22$07 "-+. 02+$,2 4$,9
1-*4(,& %-0 2'$ 0$/3(0$# 4$,2(* 2(-, 0 2$ 2'$ $/3 9 2(* 2(-, (1 (,2$003.2$# -0 0$#3"$# %-0 ,7
2(-, !$"-+$1 0$ 1-, 2'$ ! 22$07 "' 0&$ +312 !$ 1$"30$#
(++$#( 2$*7 ,# , $+$0&$,"7 *(&,+$,2

-0 *2$0, 2(4$ 1-30"$ -% 4$,2(* 2(-, %-3,#
+(, +8
+ 68 8 98 - 1$$ 1$"2(-,

'$0$ +(, 2'$ +(,(+3+ 0$/3(0$# ! 22$07 (,"$ 2'$ 1'(.1 '7#0-&$, #$2$"2-0 (1 *-" 2$# (, 2'$
"-+. 02+$,2 4$,2(* 2(-, 0 2$ ! 22$07 "-+. 02+$,2 $6' 312 #3"2 (2 (1 +-0$ "-,4$9
5'(*$ ! 22$07 "' 0&(,& (, "3!(" ,($,2 2- ' 4$ 2'$ +(,(+3+ 0$/3(0$# ! 22$07 "-+. 029
%$$2 .$0 +(,32$ "%+ 2 1'-3*# +$,2 4$,2(* 2(-, 0 2$ +(, 12 2$# (, 2$0+1 -% $
!$ ,-2$# 2' 2 $/3 2(-, (1 '(1 0$* 2(-,1'(. " , !$ #$2$0+(,$# !7 "-+!(,(,&
31$# 2- #$2$0+(,$ 2'$ +(,(+3+ $/3 2(-,1 ,# 5(2' $ 0$.* "$# !7 + 6
0$/3(0$# ! 22$07 "-+. 02+$,2 (, $/3 2(-, -*4(,& %-0 +(, 7($*#1
4$,2(* 2(-, 0 2$ +(, %-0 ),-5,

9
4 *3$1 -% - +(, +8
+ 68 8 98 $
1 #$1(0$# 2'(1 $/3 2(-, 12 2$1 +(, 2'$ $6' 312 (09
%*-5 0 2$ (, 2$0+1 -% $ 5'("' " , !$ +$ 130$# !7
'$ + 6(+3+ **-5 !*$ +!($,2 '7#0-9 2'$ 1'(.1 '7#0-&$, #$2$"2-0
&$, "-,"$,20 2(-, 5(2'(, 2'$ 1'(. - (1
.$0"$,2 1$$ 1$"2(-,

, $/3 2(-,1 ,#
2'$ + 6(+3+ *9
'$ 0$/3(0$# +(,(+3+ ! 22$07 "-+. 02+$,2 4$,2(* 9 *-5 !*$ '7#0-&$, "-,"$,20 2(-, 2 ,7
2(-, 0 2$ 1'-3*# !$ $12 !*(1'$# 2 *$ 12
+(,32$1 .-(,2 5(2'(, 2'$ ! 22$07 "-+. 02+$,2
.0(-0 2- 2'$ !$&(,,(,& -% 2'$ ! 22$07 "' 0&(,& -.$0 9 + 6 (1 .$0"$,2 1$$ 1$"2(-,
2(-, $,2(* 2(-, 1'-3*# !$ + (,2 (,$# 2 2' 2 1 +$

S9086-G1-STM-010/CH-223V1R2
223-4.3.2.2Ventilation Requirements for Battery $!.! /)%* 0$! )%*%)1) .!-1%.! 00!.5
Charging While Submerged +. /1)!.#! +,!.8 +),.0)!*0 2!*0%(0%+* .0!
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223-4.3.2.4Ventilation Requirements for Battery

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S9086-G1-STM-010/CH-223V1R2
Figure 223-19.Ventilation Airflow Rate vs. Co or Ce for Surfaced or Submerged

Battery Charging (LOS ANGELES Class Submarines)

S9086-G1-STM-010/CH-223V1R2
Figure 223-20.Ventilation Airflow Rate vs. Co or Ce for Battery Charging

While Snorkeling (LOS ANGELES Class Submarines)

S9086-G1-STM-010/CH-223V1R2

Battery Charging (OHIO Class Submarines)

S9086-G1-STM-010/CH-223V1R2
Figure 223-22.Ventilation Airflow Rate vs. Co or Ce for Battery

Charging While Snorkeling (OHIO Class Submarines)

S9086-G1-STM-010/CH-223V1R2

Battery Charging (All Classes with K=2.0, I=200 Amps
and N=126 Cells)

S9086-G1-STM-010/CH-223V1R2
Figure 223-24.Ventilation Airflow Rate vs. Co or Ce for Battery Charging

While Snorkeling (All Classes with K=2.0, I=200 Amps
and N=126 Cells)

S9086-G1-STM-010/CH-223V1R2
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S9086-G1-STM-010/CH-223V1R2
2. Check all the temporary ventilation system

Table 223-14. HYDROGEN CONCENTRAĆ
fans to verify that they are rotating in the proper
TION LIMITS FOR BATTERY CHARGING
direction, operating at full speed and are providing
WITH TEMPORARY VENTILATION
the required minimum ventilation. Once the miniĆ
mum ventilation rate has been verified, the system Maximum
should be allowed to stabilize for a period of at least Monitoring hydrogen
20 minutes. Location concentration
Battery compartment intake 1.0 percent
3. Ensure that the fan room is operating under duct
a slight negative pressure if it is being used to dilute
Battery compartment exhaust 1.5 percent
the battery compartment exhaust. On systems of this
duct 1.2 percent*
type, the fan room door should be left open at all
times to prevent a reduction in battery airflow or, in Battery compartment forward, 3.0 percent
the event of a battery fan failure, to ensure adequate port, overhead
residual battery airflow. Battery compartment aft, port, 3.0 percent
overhead
4. Alert all personnel to be on the watch for the
inadvertent misalignment of battery compartment Battery compartment forward, 3.0 percent
ventilation system closures, bulkhead doors, valves, stbd. overhead
weather hatches, natural supply inlets and battery acĆ Battery compartment forward, 3.0 percent
cess hatches. aft. stbd. overhead
Operations compartment 1.0 percent
5. Monitor the airflow through the battery
(several locations)
compartment and the hydrogen concentration in the
battery compartment exhaust ductwork, Ce, throughĆ *Los Angeles Class Submarines.
out listed in Table 223-14 (at a minimum) the chargĆ
ing operation to ensure that the temporary ventilaĆ 223-4.5.6 TEMPORARY VENTILATION REĆ
tion system is providing the required minimum venĆ QUIREMENTS FOR A DISCHARGING OR OPENĆ
tilation. CIRCUITED BATTERY. A temporary battery venĆ
tilation system can also be used to maintain a safe hyĆ
6. Monitor the hydrogen concentration at the drogen concentration in the battery compartment
locations listed in Table 223-14 (at a minimum) while the ship's battery is discharging or in the openĆ
throughout the charging operation. Portable hydroĆ circuit mode. The following procedures should be adĆ
gen monitoring equipment should be used to ensure hered to when the battery is discharging or openĆcirĆ
that the specified safe concentration limits given in cuited:
Table 223-14 are not exceeded.
1. Before the battery is connected to an operatĆ
7. Operate the battery ventilation system (at its ing electrical circuit or placed in the openĆcircuit
maximum rate) for at least 20 minutes after the batĆ mode, the battery ventilation rate and the hydrogen
tery charging operation has been secured. concentration in the
114
S9086-G1-STM-010/CH-223V1R2
exhaust ductwork, Ce, should be checked. The airflow a. Battery Compartment Exhaust System AirĆ
rate must be at least two cfm per battery cell. (see flow Rate Test. This test is conducted to determine
equation (15) in section 223-4.3.2.11) The hydrogen the battery compartment exhaust system airflow rate.
concentration in the exhaust ductwork must be nomiĆ Accomplishment of this test is required during new
nal. construction, overhaul, and whenever components of
the battery compartment exhaust system are overĆ
2. Two air movers, each capable of delivering hauled or modified. (see section 223-4.6.5)
the minimum airflow, must be available to the tempoĆ
rary ventilation system. Only one needs to be operĆ b. Battery Compartment Airflow Distribution
ated continuously; the second is to be held in standby Test. This test is conducted to determine the effecĆ
in case the primary fails. tiveness of the battery compartment supply and exĆ
haust plenums in maintaining an even distribution of
3. While the battery compartment is being venĆ ventilation air across the battery compartment. (see
tilated by a temporary ventilation system, personnel section 223-4.6.6)
should be alert for the inadvertent misalignment of c. Battery Compartment Ventilation System
closures, bulkhead doors, valves, weather hatches, KĆFactor Test. This test is conducted to determine the
natural supply inlets and battery access hatches. actual value of the hydrogen distribution factor, K, for
4. While the battery compartment is being venĆ the installed battery compartment exhaust system.
tilated by a temporary ventilation system, a roving (see section 223-4.6.7)
watchstander should verify, on an hourly basis, that d. Battery Compartment Ventilation System Is
the temporary battery compartment ventilation sysĆ Test. This test is conducted to determine the actual
tem is operational. A streamer tied to the ventilation value of the equivalent charging rate, Is, for the
system's discharge opening should be sufficient for installed battery compartment exhaust system. (see
this purpose. If the ship's battery is discharging (i.e., section 223-4.6.8)
not in the openĆcircuit mode), the roving watchstandĆ
er should also monitor the hydrogen concentration in These tests provide the basis for evaluation of the opĆ
the battery compartment exhaust stream on an hourly erational capabilities of the battery compartment exĆ
basis. The ship's hydrogen detector, the Central AtĆ haust system.
mosphere Monitoring System (CAMS) or a portable 223-4.6.2 BATTERY COMPARTMENT VENTILAĆ
hydrogen detector should be used for this purpose. TION SYSTEM TEST PERSONNEL.
223-4.6 BATTERY COMPARTMENT EXHAUST 223-4.6.2.1 Battery Compartment Exhaust System

SYSTEM TESTING Test Coordinators. Submarine construction and overĆ
haul activities should designate battery compartment
223-4.6.1 BATTERY COMPARTMENT EXĆ exhaust system test coordinators. Coordinators
HAUST SYSTEM TESTS. Battery compartment exĆ should have extensive backgrounds in battery chargĆ
haust system testing may include any or all of the folĆ ing operations and in the design, operation and testĆ
lowing tests: ing of battery compartĆ
115
S9086-G1-STM-010/CH-223V1R2
ment exhaust systems. The duties of the battery construction and, therefore, responsibility for inĆ
compartment exhaust system test coordinators are as specting the completed battery compartment exhaust
follows: system. SUPSHIP is responsible for designating a batĆ
tery compartment ventilation project engineer who is
Test coordinators are responsible for:
responsible for maintaining a set of safe, effective,
a. Familiarizing themselves with the design and testing and inspection procedures. SUPSHIP is reĆ
test requirements of the ship being tested. sponsible for issuing those procedures to private subĆ
marine construction and overhaul activities for their
b. Training personnel participating in battery
use. In addition, SUPSHIP is responsible for ensuring
compartment exhaust system tests.
that the procedures outlined in those instructions are
c. Supervising the design, installation and implemented.
preparation of all temporary ventilation or instruĆ
mentation systems required for testing. 223-4.6.3 BATTERY COMPARTMENT EXĆ
HAUST SYSTEM TEST EQUIPMENT. The
d. Ensuring that the battery compartment venĆ construction or overhaul activity conducting the batĆ
tilation and instrumentation systems being used for tery compartment ventilation system testing is also reĆ
the tests (whether temporary or permanent) are sponsible for providing all temporary instrumentaĆ
ready for testing. tion, equipment, tools and facilities required for the
e. Determining the minimum ventilation airĆ tests.
flow rates required for the tests; and for verifying that
the ventilation system being used for each test is proĆ 223-4.6.4 BATTERY COMPARTMENT EXĆ
viding the required minimum ventilation. HAUST SYSTEM TEST PLAN. A complete battery
compartment exhaust system test plan should be preĆ
f. Preparing the battery compartment exhaust pared by the test coordinators. The test plan should
system test plan in accordance with section identify tests to be performed, when those tests are to
223-4.6.4. be performed, the order in which they are to be perĆ
g. Supervising the testing and preparing the fiĆ formed, the equipment required, the responsibilities
nal, written test report. of all activities taking part in the tests and all test proĆ
cedures. The following guidelines should be adhered
h. The safety of the ship and all test personnel. to when developing the battery compartment exhaust
They should be thoroughly versed in all aspects of batĆ system test plan:
tery charging and battery compartment exhaust sysĆ
tem testing safety. a. Tests should be performed under conditions
i. Maintaining control of all charging operaĆ as close to the ship's normal operating conditions as
tions and all test procedures. They are responsible for possible.
and have the authority to stop or postpone any charge
b. Tests should not be conducted until the
or test at any time.
installation and calibration of the hydrogen detectors
223-4.6.2.2 Battery Compartment Ventilation ProjĆ and airflow meters being used for the tests (both temĆ
ect Engineer. SUPSHIP has cognizance of submarine porary and permanent) have been completed.
116
S9086-G1-STM-010/CH-223V1R2
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31$# -, 2$12 5-0) *-,$ 223-4.6.5.1Measuring the Battery Compartment
Ventilation Rate ,"$ 2'$ "-,#(2(-,1 %-0 4$,2(* :
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223-4.6.5BATTERY COMPARTMENT EXĆ #$2$0+(,$# %-0 ** ,2("(. 2$# 1712$+ *(&,+$,21 ,#
HAUST SYSTEM AIRFLOW RATE TEST '(1 2$12 "-,#(2(-,1 (,"*3#(,& $+$0&$,"7 4$,2(* 2(,& "-,#(:
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S9086-G1-STM-010/CH-223V1R2
&( % * )+&&"/ %( .+)* &"$+#) 223-4.6.7BATTERY COMPARTMENT EXĆ

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223-4.6.6.1Conducting a Battery Compartment
1*%( / $*%$ ) * (*% % * )* %$1
Airflow Distribution Test &(%+( %( %$1
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the tests. The sampling tubes should be passed late the hydrogen generation rate using equation (1).
through the opening in the temporary plate described Compare the measured hydrogen generation rate
above. Sufficient tubing length should be provided with the theoretical hydrogen generation rate. ConĆ
outside the battery compartment for the tubing to be tinue the battery charge at the finishing rate until one
connected to the portable test instrument. Sufficient of the following conditions are met:
tubing length should be provided inside the compartĆ
a. The measured hydrogen generation rate
ment for the tubing to be located at any sampling
is within 10 percent of the theoretical value.
point.
b. The hydrogen concentration in the batĆ
3. Locate one end of each sampling tube within
tery exhaust duct remains unchanged for a period of
the compartment at the sampling points identified on
one hour.
the sampling point map developed in section
223-4.6.7.2, above. If more than one portable test 3. Record the hydrogen concentration reading
instrument is to be used, at least one sampling tube for each sampling point location. Also record the
from each instrument should be located at the samĆ readings of the ship's hydrogen detector and airflow
pling point in the battery compartment exhaust duct. meter. Repeat the readings. While continuing the
battery charge at the finishing rate, reduce the airflow
4. Connect the other end of each sampling tube
rate in approximately 300Ćcfm increments and record
to the correspondingly numbered selector valve on
the hydrogen levels. Two sets of readings should be
the portable test instrument.
taken at each airflow rate. Stop the test when any of
5. Update the sampling point map to reflect the the hydrogen concentration measurements exceed
actual locations of the installed sampling tubes. three percent or when the airflow rate has been reĆ
duced to the minimum allowable airflow rate, equaĆ

! %$ &$!" #$"%$!
tion (11), and the hydrogen levels have been reĆ
#$. The procedure for conducting a battery
corded.
compartment exhaust system KĆfactor test is as folĆ
lows: 4. Upon completion of the test, secure the batĆ
tery charge and increase the ventilation rate to the deĆ
1. Conduct a battery charge with the battery
sign airflow rate. Continue to ventilate at this rate for
compartment exhaust system aligned to ventilate the
a minimum of 20 minutes.
battery compartment overboard to prevent hydrogen
from being recirculated to the battery compartment. 5. Recirculated hydrogen, Co, is not permitted
The battery compartment should be ventilated at the while conducting the battery compartment KĆfactor
design airflow rate within design specifications. TemĆ distribution test.
porary ventilation can be used provided the ship's
6. The KĆfactor should be calculated for each
ventilation ductwork and components are installed
data set by dividing the highest hydrogen concentraĆ
for a minimum distance of 7Ć1/2 duct diameters from
tion reading measured at any sampling point in the
the supply and exhaust plenums.
battery compartment, Ch, by the hydrogen concentraĆ
2. Record the airflow rate and the hydrogen tion in the exhaust duct, Ce measured by the same test
concentration in the battery exhaust duct and calcuĆ instrument. The KĆfactor should not exceed 2.0.
120

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S9086-G1-STM-010/CH-223V1R2
223-4.6.9BATTERY COMPARTMENT EXĆ VARIABLES DEFINED IN Section 4.

HAUST SYSTEM TEST REPORT
' ,%#" #""'%'#" # '
223-4.6.9.1Preparing the Test Summary Report % " ' ''%, #!$%'!"' +.
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#% #$%'" !# !

Hs = the theoretical hydrogen generaĆ Qb = the airflow rate through each

tion rate while snorkeling, in cubic COĆH2 burner, in cubic feet per
feet per minute (cfm) minute (cfm)
K = the battery finishing rate, in amĆ Qd = the minimum airflow rate required
peres to ventilate the battery compartĆ
ment while the battery is dischargĆ
Imax= the maximum allowable battery ing or on openĆcircuit, in cubic feet
finishing rate when submerged or per minute (cfm)
surfaced, in amperes
Qmin = the minimum required compartĆ
Imax,s = the maximum allowable battery ment ventilation rate while battery
charging finishing rate when snorĆ charging when submerged or surĆ
keling, in amperes faced, in cubic feet per minute
(cfm)
Is = the equivalent battery charging
rate (i.e., that finishing rate which
Qs,min=the minimum required battery
causes the battery to generate hyĆ
compartment ventilation rate
drogen at the same rate as the
while battery charging when snorĆ
barometric pressure reduction exĆ
keling, in cubic feet per minute
perienced during snorkel operaĆ
(cfm)
tions), in amperes. For calculaĆ
tions, Is is assigned a valve of 100
amperes per running diesel engine R = the effective battery ventilation
rate, in cubic feet per minute (cfm)
K = the hydrogen distribution factor
t = time, in minutes
ln = natural logarithm
V = the ship's floodable volume, exĆ
N = the number of cells in the battery cluding the reactor compartment
and access and escape trunks, in
Nb = the number of operating CO-H2 cubic feet
burners
b = the efficiency, of the installed
Q = the battery compartment ventilaĆ COĆH2 burners, in percent. Unless
tion rate, in cubic feet per minute otherwise specified, b = 90 perĆ
(cfm) cent.
123/(124 blank)
123

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S9086-G1-STM-010/CH-223V1R2
"/!2$ 2/7 #%,, !.$ .%)4(%2 3(/5,$ "% $)2%#4,9 5.$%2 ! 223-5.1.2.4The Usage Rate (% 53!'% 2!4% 2%&,%#43
(!4#( .% /& 4(%3% #%,,3 3(/5,$ "% 3%,%#4%$ &2/- 4(% 4(% 7/2+).' /& 4(% "!44%29 (% 53!'% 2!4% &/2
(/44%34 #%,,3 !.$ /.% &2/- ! 2/7 !$*!#%.4 4/ 4(% #%.4; /$ )3 !002/8)-!4%,9 47/ #9#,%3 0%2 -/.4(
%2,).% (% /4(%2 #%,, 3(/5,$ "% !. !6%2!'%4%-0%2;
223-5.1.2.5Percent Overcharge (% #!,#)5- '2)$
!452% #%,, 3%,%#4%$ &2/- 4(% 2/7 !$*!#%.4 4/ !. /54;
"!44%29 )3 %&&)#)%.4 !.$ 2%15)2%3 /.,9 &)6% 4/ 0%2#%.4
"/!2$ 2/7 /.% ./4 ). 4(% 3!-% 0(93)#!, (!,& /& 4(%
/6%2#(!2'% & /6%2#(!2'% !3 ).$)#!4%$ "9 4(% !-;
"!44%29 !3 4(% #%.4%22/7 0),/4 #%,,
0%2%(/52 ( -%4%2 %8#%%$3 0%2#%.4 !--%4%23
!.$ !-0%2%(/52 -%4%2 3(/5,$ "% #!,)"2!4%$
8!-0,% & 4(% &)234 0),/4 #%,, 3%,%#4%$ &2/- 4(% (/4;
4%34 #%,,3 )3 ). 4(% &/27!2$ 0/24 15!$2!.4 4(%. 4(% 3%; 223-5.1.2.6Trickle-discharge Operation ,;
#/.$ 0),/4 #%,, 7),, "% ). 4(% !&4 34!2"/!2$ 15!$2!.4 4(/5'( 4(% )$%!, 3)45!4)/. &/2 #!,#)5- '2)$ "!44%2)%3
-)'(4 3%%- 4/ "% 0/3)4)6%,9 &,/!4).' 4(% #(!2'% *534
/,,/7).' .%7 "!44%29 ).34!,,!4)/. !.$ !&4%2 4(2%% !"/6% 4(% /0%. #)2#5)4 6/,4!'% #/.4).5/53 0/3)4)6%
%15!,):).' #(!2'%3 (!6% "%%. #/.$5#4%$ 4/ %34!",)3( &,/!4).' (!3 ). 3/-% ).34!.#%3 02/$5#%$ )22%6%23)",9
! 42%.$ ). /6%2!,, ).$)6)$5!, #%,, 2%!$).'3 3()03 &/2#% (!2-&5, 2%35,43 . /2$%2 4/ -!).4!). #!,#)5- '2)$ "!4;
3(/5,$ #!2%&5,,9 2%6)%7 4(% %15!,):).' #(!2'% $!4! 4%2)%3 )4 )3 .%#%33!29 4/ 42)#+,%$)3#(!2'% 4(%- !4
()3 )3 4/ %.352% 4(!4 4(% ).)4)!,,9 3%,%#4%$ 0),/4 #%,,3 !002/8)-!4%,9 &)6% !-0%2%3 &/2 /$
34),, -%%4 4(% 2%15)2%-%.43 /& 0!2!'2!0(

3%6%. !-0%2%3 &/2 /$ !.$ !-0%2%3
&/2 5.4), 4(%9 !2% $)3#(!2'%$ !002/8);
223-5.1.2.2Working of Battery to Conserve Life / -!4%,9 ( &/2 /$
"% #/.3)$%2%$ !2% 4(% '5!2!.4%% 53!'% 2!4% /6%2; /$ !.$
( &/2 !&4%2 7()#( 4(%9
#(!2'% 42)#+,%$)3#(!2'% %,%#42/,94% !')4!4)/. 53% !2% 4/ "% 2%#(!2'%$ 2)/2 4/ ! 3#(%$5,%$ %15!,):).'
/& 3(/2% 0/7%2 !.$ ,%6%, /& $)3#(!2'% 0!2!'2!0(3 #(!2'% 7(%. 4(% "!44%29 )3 ./4 ). 4(% 42)#+,%$)3;

4(2/5'(

#(!2'% -/$% /& /0%2!4)/. )4 )3 ./4 .%#%33!29 4/ !#;
#/-0,)3( 4(% 42)#+,%$)3#(!2'% 2/54).% *534 4/ 3!4)3&9
4()3 2%15)2%-%.4 & &/2 !.9 2%!3/. 4(% "!44%29 )3 $)3;
223-5.1.2.3Calendar Life and Cycle Life GuaranĆ
#(!2'%$ -/2% 4(!. ( &/2 /$
tees (% ,%!$#!,#)5- "!44%29 )3 ! ,/.'#!,%.$!2
&/2 /$ !.$ ( &/2 ;
,/7#9#,% ,)&% "!44%29 %.%2!,,9 4(% "!44%2)%3 !2% 2%;
!. %15!,):).' #(!2'% -534 &/,,/7 !3 3//. !3
0,!#%$ "%#!53% /& !'% ). -/.4(3 (% /$
0/33)",%
"!44%29 )3 '5!2!.4%%$ &/2 -/.4(3 /2 %15)6!;
,%.4 #9#,%3 4(% /$ "!44%29 )3 '5!2!.4%%$
NOTE
&/2 -/.4(3 /2 %15)6!,%.4 #9#,%3 !.$ 4(% ;
"!44%29 )3 '5!2!.4%%$ &/2
-/.4(3 /2
"!44%29 3(/5,$ ./4 "% !,,/7%$ 4/ 2%-!).
%15)6!,%.4 #9#,%3 15)6!,%.4 #9#,%3 !2% $%&).%$ ). ). ! 34!4% /& $)3#(!2'% "%,/7 30%#)&)#
0!2!'2!0(
'2!6)49 &/2 -/2% 4(!.

(/523

S9086-G1-STM-010/CH-223V1R2
223-5.1.2.7Electrolyte Agitation ')3!3).- 2823%, $!82 .& "!33%18 !11)5!+ 3(% 24/%15)2.1 .& 2()/"4)+$)-'
,!)-3%-!-#% !-$ )-2/%#3).-2 !1% #1)3)#!+ &.1 #!+#)4, )- 3(% #!2% .& ! /1)5!3% 2()/8!1$ .1 3(% ()/8!1$ .,9
'1)$ "!33%18 )-23!++!3).-2 (% 2823%, 2(.4+$ "% *%/3 ,!-$%1 )- 3(% #!2% .& !5!+ 2()/8!1$ 2(!++ 1%04%23
)- #.-3)-4.42 ./%1!3).- 3. '!)- ,!7),4, "%-%&)3 24#( )-2314#3).-2 &1.,
223-5.1.2.8Use of Shore Power !33%18 +)&% 6)++ "% 223-5.2EQUIPMENT MAINTENANCE

#.-2%15%$ )& 2(.1% /.6%1 )2 42%$ 6(%-%5%1 /.22)"+% 3. 223-5.2.1ION EXCHANGERS 2% !-$
2!3)2&8 !47)+)!18 /.6%1 !-$ +)'(3)-' +.!$2 2 !2 !//+)#!"+% )- ,!)-3!)-)-' ).- %7#(!-'%12
223-5.1.2.9Care During Inactive Periods !33%18 223-5.2.1.1Resin Renewal Schedule -$%1 !5%19
./%1!3).- $41)-' )-!#3)5% /%1).$2 3(!3 )2 #.-2314#9 !'% ./%1!3)-' #.-$)3).-2 3(% ,)7%$"%$ ).- %79
3).- .5%1(!4+ !-$ %73%-$%$ !5!)+!")+)38 2(.4+$ "% )- #(!-'% 1%2)- 2(.4+$ "% 1%/+!#%$ %5%18 $!82 3 )2
!##.1$!-#% 6)3( /!1!'1!/(
!)-3%-!-#% -.3 /1!#3)#!+ 3. 1%'%-%1!3% 3()2 ,!3%1)!+ )- 3(% &)%+$

2(.4+$ "% )- !##.1$!-#% 6)3( /!1!'1!/(2
& ! 2(!1/ 1)2% )- 2!+)-)38 )2 2(.6- .- 3(% 2!+)-)38 ,%3%1

3(1.4'(
"%&.1% $!82 (!5% %+!/2%$ #(%#* 3. "% 241% 3(!3 3(%

/1./%1 &+.61!3% )2 "%)-' ,!)-3!)-%$ & 3(% /1./%1
223-5.1.2.10Freshening Charges 1%2(%-)-' &+.61!3% )2 "%)-' ,!)-3!)-%$ !-$ 3(% 2!+)-)38 "%#.,%2
#(!1'% )-2314#3).-2 !//+8 3. !-8 "!33%18 2()//%$ )- 3(% %7#%22)5% 6)3( 3(% 2!+)-)38 )-$)#!3.1 2(.6)-' .-% ,)+9
$18 #.-$)3).- &)++%$ !-$ #(!1'%$ !3 3(% "4)+$)-' 8!1$ +)'1!, /%1 +)3%1 '1!)-2 /%1 '!++.- .1 %04)5!9
.1 !5!+ 2()/8!1$ !-$ -.3 8%3 )-23!++%$ &1%2(%-)-' +%-3 /!132 /%1 ,)++).- %/, 1%/+!#% 3(% 1%2)- 42)-'
#(!1'% )2 ! #(!1'% ')5%- 3. 1%23.1% 3(% &4++8 #(!1'%$ !2 ! '4)$% (% 2!+)-)38 2(.4+$
#.-$)3).- .& !- )$+% "!33%18 3(!3 (!2 +.23 /!13 .& )32 #!9 3(%- $1./ 3. ! 5%18 +.6 5!+4%
/!#)38 "8 2%+&$)2#(!1'% -+%22 .3(%16)2% 2/%#)&)%$
223-5.2.2FLASH ARRESTERS +!2( !11%23%1
.- 3(% !//1.5%$ ,!-4&!#341%12 )-2314#3).-2 3(%
$.,%2 #!- "% %7/%#3%$ 3. "%#.,% #+.''%$ )- 3),% "8
&1%2(%-)-' #(!1'% 1!3% )2 3(% 2!,% !2 3(% &)-)2()-' 1!3%
!- !##4,4+!3).- .& $)13 !-$ %+%#31.+83% 2/1!8 !-$ !1%
2(.6- .- 3(% #415%2 !-$ $!3! /+!- &.1 3(% 38/% .& "!39
!+2. *-.6- 3. +.2% 3(%)1 -.-6%33)-' .1 6!3%1 1%/%++%-3
3%18 1%2(%-)-' #(!1'%2 2(!++ -.3 -.1,!++8 "% ')5%-
/1./%138 6)3( 3),% (%8 2(.4+$ "% #+%!-%$ !-$
3. !- )-23!++%$ "!33%18 4-3)+ 3(% 5%-3)+!3).- 2823%, )2
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1%2(%-)-' #(!1'%2 .-".!1$ 2()/ 2(!++ "%
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#.-$4#3%$ )- !##.1$!-#% 6)3( 3(% ,!-4&!#341%12
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3).-2 2(.4+$ "% .- (!-$ /1).1 3. 3(% !11)5!+ .& 3(% "!39 1%,.5!+ !-$ 1%)-23!++!3).- &.1 2%,)!--4!+ ,!)-3%9
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S9086-G1-STM-010/CH-223V1R2
cially at the dome/base interface. Replace units as 223-5.2.2.4 Water Repellent Treatment. Flash arĆ
necessary. resters that do not pass the test described in paraĆ
graph 223-5.2.2.3 probably have lost their nonwetĆ
223-5.2.2.2 Cleaning. A step-by-step procedure
ting or water repellent feature. This feature can be reĆ
for cleaning flash arresters is provided in MRC
stored if the flash arrester is treated with the proceĆ
EL-18 S-4. Place flash arresters, open end down, in
dure outlined in paragraphs 223-7.2.3.1 through
a distilled water bath, which is put in an ultrasonic
223-7.2.3.5.
tank and agitated for 30 minutes. Repeat the above
procedure using a fresh, distilled water bath. Dry flash 223-5.2.3 HYDROGEN DETECTORS. MainteĆ
arresters, open end down, at a temperature of 82C nance of the Englehard Hydrogen Detector is thorĆ
(180F) for 60 minutes after cleaning. While not as oughly covered in the manufacturer's service manual
simple as ultrasonic cleaning, three immersions in and NAVSEA 0387-LP-026-1000, Indicators. The
freshwater (each followed by drying with an air blast) life of installed sensing units exceeds three years. In
is also a satisfactory cleaning method. After cleaning, order to prolong sensing unit life and to maintain the
some arresters lose their water repellent properties, accuracy of indication with a minimum of recalibraĆ
as evidenced by a large pressure drop when subjected tion, the detector should be left ON at all times except
to the wet pressure drop test. when it may be necessary to turn it OFF for mainteĆ
223-5.2.2.3 Wet Pressure Drop Test. A step-by- nance, overhaul, construction or upkeep.
step procedure for the wet pressure drop test is proĆ
vided in MRC EL-18 S-4. After each arrester is NOTE
cleaned, or at any time there is doubt that any arrester Defective sensing units should be turned
is venting gas adequately, perform this test. The test into supply when replacements are requisiĆ
apparatus is shown schematically in Figure 223-34. tioned.
This apparatus can be constructed simply and inexĆ
pensively locally.
223-5.2.4 TEMPORARY BATTERY VENTILAĆ
a. Submerge flash arrester(s) to be tested in TION SYSTEM. When repairs necessitate the temĆ
distilled water for 15 minutes. porary dismantling of the battery ventilation system,
the repair schedule should restore the permanent batĆ
b. Remove from water and thread into test apĆ
tery ventilation system in time to make prescribed
paratus, ensuring that neither the apparatus nor the
charges. Under ordinary conditions, charging shall
arrester O-ring leaks.
not be done until the ventilation system has been
c. Between five and 10 minutes after removal completely installed and tested for air quantity and
from water, pass air through each flash arrester dome distribution. Any deviation is considered an emerĆ
at the rate of 10 + 0.2 liters (0.35 + 0.005 ft3) per minĆ gency, requiring extreme care. The minimum reĆ
ute. With air passing through the dome at the above quirements for temporary battery ventilation are set
rate, the pressure drop across the dome after five seĆ forth in Section 4, when charging is absolutely necesĆ
conds must not exceed 500 pascals (50 millimeters of sary under such conditions of temporary deviation
water) or the arrester fails the pressure drop test. from normal conditions of ventilation.
128
S9086-G1-STM-010/CH-223V1R2
223-5.3BATTERY WATER AND ELECTROLYTE $)3#533%$ ). 0!2!'2!0(3

4(2/5'(

4 )3 !335-%$ 4(!4 -%4!,,)# )-052)4)%3
223-5.3.1NEED FOR PURE BATTERY WATER
7),, "% 2%-/6%$ ). 0!33).' 4(2/5'( 4(% )/. %8#(!.';
. ./2-!, /0%2!4)/. ./ !#)$ )3 ,/34 &2/- 4(% %,%#42/;
%23 80%2)%.#% ).$)#!4%3 4(!4 7!4%2 0!33).' 4(% #(,/;
,94% ). 4(% ,%!$ !#)$ #%,, !.$ ./.% .%%$ "% !$$%$ !;
2)$% 4%34 !.$ 0!33%$ 4(2/5'( !. )/. %8#(!.'%2 )3 3!4)3;
4%2 (/7%6%2 )3 ,/34 &2/- 4(% %,%#42/,94% "9 %6!0/2!;
&!#4/29 &/2 53% ). "!44%2)%3 !4%2)!, /4(%2 4(!. 7!4%2
4)/. !.$ %,%#42/,93)3 7()#( !##/-0!.9 6%.4),!4)/.
3(!,, ./4 "% !$$%$ 4/ "!44%29 #%,,3 %8#%04 !3 !54(/;
!.$ #(!2').' !.$ -534 "% 2%0,!#%$ 4/ -!).4!). 4(%
2):%$ ). 0!2!'2!0(3
!.$

%,%#42/,94% !4 4(% 02/0%2 ,%6%, %!$#!,#)5- "!44%2;
)%3 ,/3% -).)-!, !-/5.43 /& 7!4%2 "%#!53% /0%2!4)/. 223-5.3.1.2Water Handling System )0).' &)44).'3
!"/6% 4(% '!33).' 0/4%.4)!, )3 02!#4)#!,,9 ./.%8)34%.4 !.$ 0/24!",% 4!.+3 53%$ &/2 4(% 42!.30/24!4)/. /&
.9 )-052)4)%3 ). 4(% !$$%$ 7!4%2 2%-!). ). 4(% %,%#; 7!4%2 3(!,, "% (!2$ 25""%2 0,!34)# 4(!4 )3 !2!.
42/,94% 4 )3 !00!2%.4 4(%2%&/2% 4(!4 4(% 052)49 /& 4(% 0/,96).9, #(,/2)$% /2 ,%!$ /2 ,%!$,).%$ %8#%04
7!4%2 !$$%$ 4/ ! #%,, $52).' /0%2!4)/. )3 *534 !3 )-0/2; 4(!4 6!,6%3 -!9 "% "2!33 )#+%, .)#+%,0,!4%$ /2
4!.4 !3 4(% 052)49 /& 4(% 7!4%2 53%$ ). 02%0!2).' 4(% .)#+%, !,,/9 0)0).' !.$ &)44).'3 3(!,, ./4 "% 53%$ ). 4()3
%,%#42/,94% /.3%15%.4,9 /.,9 052% $)34),,%$ 7!4%2 3934%-
3!4)3&9).' !,, 2%15)2%-%.43 /& 0!2!'2!0(

3(/5,$ "% !$$%$ 4/ ! 34/2!'% "!44%29 #%,, . #!3% 7!; 223-5.3.1.3Water Storage !4%2 &/2 53% ). "!44%2;
4%2 -%%4).' 4(%3% 2%15)2%-%.43 )3 0/3)4)6%,9 5./"; )%3 3(!,, "% 34/2%$ /."/!2$ 3()03 ). 4(% 3()03 7!;
4!).!",% /."/!2$ 3()03 /2 &2/- ! 3(/2% &!#),)49 /.,9 4%2 4!.+ /2 ). #,%!. #/.4!).%23 !3 $%3#2)"%$ ). 3%#4)/.
4(% 052%34 7!4%2 /"4!).!",% 3(!,, "% 53%$ &/2 "!44%29

7!4%2).' (%.%6%2 0/33)",% 7!4%2 &2/- !. 5.#/-;
223-5.3.2TESTS FOR CHLORIDES PRIOR TO
-/. 3/52#% 3(!,, "% !.!,9:%$ 02)/2 4/ 53% !.$ 4(%
USING DI WATER %'!2$,%33 /& )43 3/52#% 7!;
!.!,93)3 3(!,, "% %.4%2%$ ). 4(% "!44%29 2%#/2$ "//+
4%2 3(!,, "% 4%34%$ &/2 4(% 02%3%.#% /& #(,/2)$%3 )-;
!4%2 4(!4 $/%3 ./4 -%%4 !,, 2%15)2%-%.43 /& 0!2!;
-%$)!4%,9 "%&/2% )4 )3 0,!#%$ ). 4(% 3()03 7!4%2 4!.+3
'2!0(

3(!,, "% 2%-/6%$ &2/- 3()03 $%;
/2 ). ! #%,, 4/ 2%0,!#% 7!4%2 ,/34 "9 %6!0/2!4)/. !.$
-).%2!,):%$ 7!4%2 (%!$%2 !4 4(% %!2,)%34 /00/2;
%,%#42/,93)3 (% 4%34 $%3#2)"%$ ). 0!2!'2!0(
45.)49 !.$ 2%0,!#%$ 7)4( 7!4%2 4(!4 $/%3

)3 2%15)2%$ ). !$$)4)/. 4/ !.9 /4(%2 4%343
223-5.3.1.1Water Analysis .,9 ! #/-0,%4% !.!,9; 2%15)2%$ ). 4()3 6/,5-% %34 3!-0,%3 3(/5,$ "% 4!+%.
3)3 "9 ! 15!,)&)%$ #(%-)34 #!. $%4%2-).% 7(%4(%2 4(% &2/- 4(% $)3#(!2'% %.$ /& 4(% 7!4%2).' (/3% %&/2%
7!4%2 )3 ). #/-0,)!.#% 7)4( 0!2!'2!0(

4!+).' 3!-0,%3 "% 352% 4/ 25. /&& !.$ $)3#!2$ !4 ,%!34
()0"/!2$ 4%34).' )3 &/2 $%4%2-).).' /.,9 7(%4(%2 4(%
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S9086-G1-STM-010/CH-223V1R2
/+(10%+* * !4)%*! " 0$! /+(10%+* %/ (!. %0 %/ /07 0+ "%(( *5 !(( +2! 0$! *+.)( (!2!( 3$!* 30!.%*#
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#(// 01! !*0 %*0+ 0$! "+.) +" /%,$+* 0$0 $/ !((/ .!-1%.%*# * !4!//%2! )+1*0 +" 30!. &./ +"
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%*# $.#! $! .%/! %* (!2!( %)%*%/$!/ / *!3 !((/
223-5.3.3WATERING REQUIREMENTS 00!.5 .! 3+.'! * %0 %/ /"! 0+ 30!. 0+ *+.)( (!2!( %" 0$!
!((/ /$(( ! 30!.! / +"0!* / *!!//.5 0+ !*/1.! .%/! +!/ *+0 !4!!
)) +*! %*$
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)1) (!2!( /,!%"%! +* 0$! 1.2!/ * 0 ,(* %* 0$! 223-5.3.3.3Agitation Requirements $! !(!0.+7
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%*/,!0%+* $2! /$+3* 0$! #.!0!/0 30!. (+// .!0! (5!. +" 2!.5 %(10! !(!0.+(50! +2! 0$! 0+,
$! !(!0.+(50! (!2!( +" !$ ,%(+0 !(( )1/0 ! /!.7 +" 0$! ,(0!/ $%/ (5!. 3%(( %*2(% 0! $5 .+)!0!.
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%*# +" 0$! 00!.5 /$+1( *+0 ,.!! ! 0$! "%./0 !-1(%67 $.#! 3%(( *+0 ! #%2!* +)%0 30!.%*# / (+*# / 0$!
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,.#.,$
"+. 30!.%*# 1.%*# %*0%2!

223-5.3.3.1Adding Water to a Cell $!*!2!. ,.7 ,!.%+ /
0%( .!,(!)!*0 30!. ,.!! %*# * !-1(%67
%*# $.#! /+ 0$0 0$! 30!. 3%(( )%4 3%0$ 0$! !(!0.+7 223-5.3.3.4Temperature of Electrolyte When WaĆ
(50! 1.%*# $.#! 10 *+0 ,.%+. 0+ 0$! "%./0 !-1(%6%*# tering %*# 30!. 0+ *+.)( (!2!( %/ 2%/(!
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%*#/ &1/0 ,.%+. 0+ 30!.%*# * "0!. +..!0%*# "+. +. #.!0!. " %0 %/ *!!//.5 0+ 30!. 0 (+3!.
0!),!.01.! .!+. 0$! .! %*# / 0$! +..!0! /,!7 !(!0.+(50! 0!),!.01.!/ 0+ 0$! )%*%)1) (!2!(
%"% #.2%05 0 0$! /0.0 +" 0$! $.#! ! .!"1( *+0 /,!%"%! 5 0$! ,,(%(! /!.2%! )*1(

S9086-G1-STM-010/CH-223V1R2
223-5.3.4SPECIFIC GRAVITY MEASUREĆ +/ 2# - *1 -'' - $)". - - ,0$- *- /* / -5

MENTS AND CORRECTIONS # .+ $!$ "-1$/4 ($) /# .// *! #-" *) +-/$''4 $.#-" /5
.#*0' ( .0- $) *-) 2$/# . /$*) / -4 #. '(*./ ) '$($)/ !*- ' '$0(

4-*( / - - $)". (0./ *-- / // -$ . . #. /# ) !*- # $"#/ *-- /$*) *! .+ 5
!*- /# / (+ -/0- *! ' /-*'4/ 2# ) /# 4 - /* $!$ "-1$/4 - $)".
0. . ( .0- *! /# .// *! #-" .$) /# 4
+ ) 0+*) /# !*''*2$)" /#- !/*-. *! 2#$# 223-5.3.4.4Precautions in Taking Hydrometer
*)'4 /# !$-./ !0-)$.# . $- / ( .0- *! /# .// Readings ) /&$)" #4-*( / - - $)". "$1 /#
*! #-" ' /-*'4/ $) /# #4-*( / - -- ' /$( /* . //' /*
1*$ --*- 0 /* /# +- . ) *! ". 0' . $) /#
# 2 $"#/ *! .0'!0-$ $ $) /# ' /-*'4/
' /-*'4/ # #4-*( / - - $)" (0./ /& )
# / (+ -/0- *! /# ' /-*'4/ $(( $/ '4 !/ - /# ". 0' . #1 !'*/ *0/ *!
/# ' /-*'4/ $) /# #4-*( / - -- ' .+ $''4
# 1*'0( *- # $"#/ *! ' /-*'4/ $) /#
2# ) /# '' / (+ -/0- $. *).$ -'4 $!! - )/
''
!-*( /# ($ )/ / (+ -/0- ! /# ' /-*'4/ $)
223-5.3.4.1Correction for Temperature 4-*( 5 /# -- ' $. ''*2 /* **' *- # / 0+ /# / (+ -5
/ -. !*- )1' 0. - '$-/ /* - *-- /'4 2# ) /0- *-- /$*) 2$'' $) --*- * )*/ ''*2 $- /
/# ' /-*'4/ / (+ -/0- $. * *-5 0-- )/ *! $- /* $(+$)" "$)./ /# -- ' $/# - 5
- / !*- */# - / (+ -/0- . +*$)/ /* /# !*- *- 2#$' /&$)" - $)" # -0 - 0' (0./
#4-*( / - - $)" !*- #
/# ' /-*5 *(+' / '4 3+) $) *- - /* 1*$ +- ..$)"
'4/ / (+ -/0- $. *1 .0/-/ /# !'*/ # !'*/ (0./ !- !-*( *)// 2$/# /#
!-*( /# #4-*( / - - $)" !*- # -- ' *- /# /*+ +'0" ) !'*/$)" !- '4 $) 1 -/$'

/# ' /-*'4/ / (+ -/0- $. '*2 +*.$/$*) # ) /&$)" /# - $)" #*' /# #4-*( 5
'+!0' $)!*-(/$*) $. "$1 ) $) '
/ - .* /#/ /# .0-! *! /# '$,0$ $) /# -- ' $. /
'.* . +-"-+#

4 ' 1 ' #$. 1*$. /# --*- 0 /* /# //-/$*)
/2 ) /# "'.. ) /# .*'0/$*) +' /# .- 2
223-5.3.4.2Correction for Height of Electrolyte
+ *) # '' $(( $/ '4 !/ - # ( .0- ( )/
'$0( // -$ . - *-- / !*- # $"#/ *)'4
$. (
2# ) /# .// *! #-" $. /* / -($) *) +-5
/$''4 $.#-" // -4 + - +-* 0- . .+ $!$ $)
223-5.3.4.5Use of Hydrometers 4-*( / -. !*-
. /$*)

./*-" // -4 0. .#'' 0. !*- )* */# - +0-+*.
223-5.3.4.3Height Readings '$0( /5 '' 2*-&$)" #4-*( / -. .#'' !'0.# 2$/# 25
/ -$ . - )*/ .0% / /* *)/$)0*0. 4'$)" #$. / - $'4 $) *- - /* +- 1 )/ /# 0(0'/$*) *!
*($) 2$/# !!$$ )/ #-"$)" 2$'' 0. /# ./$&4 .0./) . $).$ /# "'.. -- ' # . .05
(*0)/ *! 2/ - '*.. /* ($)$(' # ) /* /& ./) . "-0''4 "/# - *) /# #4-*( / - !'*/
) - *- ' /-*'4/ # $"#/ - $)". / )4 /$( 35 0.$)" /# - $)". /* $) --*-

S9086-G1-STM-010/CH-223V1R2
223-5.3.4.6Selection of Hydrometers ..19$0&( & !1 1%6$,0 $&&74$6( 6(/2(4$674( 4($',0*5

)14 57%/$4,0( %$66(4; 6(56 (37,2/(06 ,5 *,8(0 ,0 2$4$= 9,6+ 6+( #(5610',$. 6;2( 6+(4/1/(6(4 6+( 56(/ 1)
*4$2+
!+( &,6(' ..19$0&( 37,2/(06 6+( 6+(4/1/(6(4 /756 (:6(0' $6 .($56
//
,56 ,0&.7'(5 +;'41/(6(45 1) $224124,$6( ,0 ,061 6+( (.(&641.;6(
4$0*( 61 &18(4 6+( 0((' 1) $0; 57%/$4,0( !+( ).1$65
' .15( 5(48,&( 12(0,0* 10 ($&+ &(.. %; 4(2.$&=
5(.(&6(' %; ($&+ 57%/$4,0( 5+17.' %( &+(&-(' )14 $&=
,0* 5&4(9&$2 $)6(4 ($&+ /($574(/(06 ,5 /$'(
&74$&; $6 37$46(4.; ,06(48$.5 (8(4; )174 /106+5 )14
! ! 2$4$*4$2+
(69((0 37$4= ( 4()(4$%.; 24,14 61 ($&+ 6(56 ',5&+$4*( 14 $6

6(4.; &+(&-5 10( $&&74$6(
$0' 10( $&&7= .($56 5(/,$007$..; &+(&- 6+( #(5610',$. 6+(4/1/=
4$6(
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7075(' 61 5(48( $5 &+(&-5 $*$,056 6+( ).1$65 ,0 75( ,) 0(&(55$4;
223-5.3.4.9Interpretation of Corrected Specific
223-5.3.4.7Checking Floats 0 &1/2.(6,10 1)
Gravity ;'41/(6(4 4($',0*5 *,8( 6+( 70&144(&6('
($&+ (37$.,<,0* &+$4*( &+(&- $.. ).1$65 ,0 75( $*$,056
52(&,),& *4$8,6; 1) 6+( (.(&641.;6( $%18( 6+( 2.$6(5
7075(' ).1$65 1) 6+( 5$/( &$.,%4$6,10 4$0*( ,0 10( 2,=
#+(0 6+( &144(&6,105 )14 6(/2(4$674( 1) (.(&641.;6(
.16 &(.. (.(&641.;6( !+( 6(56 ).1$6 5+17.' %( ).75+('
$4( $22.,(' 6+( &144(&6(' 52(&,),& *4$8,6; 1%6$,0(' ,5
9,6+ 9$6(4 24,14 61 6(56 !+,5 5+17.' %( '10( %(=
$.51 6+$6 1) 6+( (.(&641.;6( $%18( 6+( 2.$6(5 ) 6+(
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(.(&641.;6( ,5 016 70,)14/.; /,:(' 6+( &144(&6(' 52(=
*4$8,6,(5 6$-(0 9,6+ 6+( ).1$65 5+17.' %( &144(&6(' )14
&,),& *4$8,6; '1(5 016 4(24(5(06 6+( 647( 56$6( 1)
6+( ',))(4(0&( %(69((0 6+( 6(56 ).1$6 4($',0* $0' 6+(
&+$4*( 14 ',5&+$4*( #+(0 6+( &(.. ,5 10 &+$4*( (.(&=
914-,0* +;'41/(6(4 ).1$6 4($',0* 14 (:$/2.( ,) 6+(
641.;6( ,5 016 70,)14/.; /,:(' 706,. 6+( &(.. +$5 %((0
).1$6 75(' 6+417*+176 6+( &+$4*( ,5 )170' 61 4($'
*$55,0* )4((.; )14 51/( 6,/( "06,. 6+(0 6+( &144(&6('
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52(&,),& *4$8,6; 1) 6+( (.(&641.;6( $%18( 6+( 2.$6(5 ,5
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.19(4 6+$0 6+( $8(4$*( )14 6+( 9+1.( %1'; 1) (.(&641=
1) 6+( &+$4*( $0' )41/ ($&+ 1) 6+( ,0',8,'7$. &(.. 52(=
.;6( !+,5 ,5 2$46,&7.$4.; 647( 9,6+ &(..5 +$8,0* *.$55
&,),& *4$8,6,(5 /($574(' 9,6+ 6+,5 ).1$6
/$6 4(6$,0(45 6+$6 4(564,&6 $&,' &,4&7.$6,10 0 6+,5
223-5.3.4.8Precautions in Taking Electrolyte TemĆ &$5( 6+( &(.. ,5 /14( )7..; &+$4*(' 6+$0 ,5 ,0',&$6('
perature Readings !+( )1..19,0* $4( 24(&$76,105 )14 %; 6+( &144(&6(' 52(&,),& *4$8,6; #+(0 6+( &(.. ,5 10
6$-,0* 6(/2(4$674( 4($',0*5 ',5&+$4*( 6+( (.(&641.;6( 6(0'5 61 /,: %; 0$674$. ',)=
)75,10 19(8(4 6+,5 6$-(5 6,/( &105(37(06.; 6+(
$ "5( 1) /(4&74;,0*.$55 6+(4/1/(6(45 ,5 &144(&6(' 52(&,),& *4$8,6; 1) 6+( (.(&641.;6( $%18( 6+(
241+,%,6(' 2$4$*4$2+
,0 $.. 57%/$4,0(5 2.$6(5 ,5 +,*+(4 6+$0 6+( $8(4$*( )14 6+( 9+1.( %1';
1) (.(&641.;6( 0 6+,5 &$5( 6+( &(.. ,5 /14( &1/2.(6(.;
% !+(4/1/(6(45 )14 5614$*( %$66(4; 75( 5+$.. ',5&+$4*(' 6+$0 ,5 ,0',&$6(' %; 6+( &144(&6(' 52(&,),&
%( 75(' )14 01 16+(4 274215( #14-,0* 6+(4/1/(6(45 *4$8,6; !+( $/1706 1) (4414 10 ',5&+$4*( ,5 5/$.. 10
5+$.. %( 9$5+(' ,0 9$6(4 '$,.; $0' 9,2(' '4; 9,6+ 4$6(5 .19(4 6+$0 6+(
+174 4$6( .(&641.;6( $*,6$=
$ &.($0 &.16+ 6,10 5;56(/5 4('7&( 6+( (4414 (8(0 $6 6+( +,*+(4 4$6(5

S9086-G1-STM-010/CH-223V1R2
223-5.3.4.10Range of Specific Gravity of ElectroĆ NOTE

lyte 0)'8630=8) 74)'-*-' +6%:-8= 6%2+) 7,%00 &) %7
36 ! '327908 8,) &%88)6=
7,3;2 -2 %&0)

1%29*%'896)67 8)',2-'%0 1%29%0 7)'8-32
223-5.3.4.11Adjustment (Spiking) of Specific *36 4634)6 :)6-*-'%8-32 463')?
Gravity 3 %(.9781)28 74-/-2+ 3* 8,) 74)'-*-' +6%:? (96)7
-8= 7,390( &) 2)')77%6= (96-2+ 2361%0 34)6%8-32 ,)
74)'-*-' +6%:-8= 3* 8,) )0)'8630=8) 7,%00 238 &) 6%-7)( 223-5.4.3ROUTINE MAINTENANCE ,)'/ %00
-2 %2= ')00 &= 8,) %((-8-32 3* %'-( ;-8,398 %98,36-8= ')007 %8 0)%78 32') )%', 59%68)6 2 40%22-2+ 7=78)1%8?
*631 " 2 '%7) 8,) 74)'-*-' +6%:-8= 3* 731) -' 1%-28)2%2') 7)0)'8 *36 ):)6=
')007 ')007
')007 36 3* 8,) &%88)6= %7 % ;,30) 7,390( 6)1%-2 0)77 8,639+,

8,) *-678 ;))/
8,639+, 8,) 7)'32(

8,%2 8,) 1-2-191 $):)2 %*8)6 %()59%8) 86)%81)28 ;))/ %2( 73 32 -2
+63947 3*
')007 ;-8, 8,) 8,-6?
,%7 &))2 +-:)2 83 )2796) %+%-278 790*%8-32 4%6%+6%4, 8))28, +6394 &)-2+ ')007

8,639+,
36
*36
% 6)59)78 7,390( &) 1%() 83 " !20)77 %2 %+-8%8-32 7=78)1 1%0*92'8-32
*36 %98,36-8= 83 -2'6)%7) 36 1%-28%-2 8,) 74)'-*-' +6%:? -7 7974)'8)( 23 ')00 7,390( &) ',)'/)( 8;-') 928-0 %00
-8= ,-7 6)59)78 7,390( '328%-2 % &6-)* 78%8)1)28 3* ')007 ,%:) &))2 ',)'/)( 32(9'8 1%-28)2%2') 32')
8,) 86)%81)28 +-:)2 %2( -2(-:-(9%0 :308%+) %2( 74)? )%', ;))/
'-*-' +6%:-8= 6)%(-2+7 3* )%', ')00 9432 '3140)8-32 3*
7-< 79'')77-:) )59%0->-2+ ',%6+)7 ,) ',%6+-2+ '96?
6)28 %8 ;,-', 8,)7) -2(-:-(9%0 :308%+) 6)%(-2+7 %6)
8%/)2 7,%00 &) 78%8)(
223-5.4ELECTROLYTE AGITATION SYSTEM
223-5.4.1GENERAL ,) %+-8%8-32 7=78)1 -2 )%',
')00 7,390( &) *92'8-32-2+ %8 %00 8-1)7 83 46):)28 )0)'?
8630=8) 786%8-*-'%8-32 <4)6-)2') -2(-'%8)7 8,%8 0)%(
'%0'-91 &%88)6= %-60-*8 49147 '03+ )%7-0= (9) 83 '%0?
'-91 790*%8) ()437-87 %8 8,) &38831 3* 8,) %-6 %+-8%?
8-32 89&) ,) 97) 3* 0%14&0%'/ %7 %2 )<4%2()6 -2 8,)
2)+%8-:) 40%8) 979%00= '%97)7 8,)7) ()437-87 83 %44)%6
&0%'/ -2 '3036
223-5.4.2FUNCTIONAL CHECK 2 8,) '%7) 3*
8,) !# 3( 8,) *92'8-32-2+ 3* 8,) -2(-:-(9%0
%+-8%8367 '%2 &) ',)'/)( &= 033/-2+ -283 8,) ')00 834
83 7)) -* )0)'8630=8) -7 &)-2+ (-7',%6+)( *631 8,) 834
3* 8,) %-6 %+-8%8-32 89&) 83 *361 % *09-( 74398 %4463<-?
1%8)0=
11 83 11
83 -2', -2 ,)-+,8 3
%''3140-7, 8,-7 8,) *0%7, %66)78)6 1978 &) 6)13:)(
8 -7 238 79**-'-)28 83 0-78)2 3:)6 8,) ')00 *36 % +96+0-2+
7392( 7-2') 8,) 49147 '%2 +96+0) ):)2 8,39+, 8,)
6%8) 3* %'89%0 0-59-( 4914-2+ -7 :)6= 03; 2 8,) '%7)
3* 8,) %2( !# 3( &%88)6-)7
8,)6) -7 23 :-7-&0) *09-( 74398 634)6 *92'8-32-2+ 3*
8,) %-6 %+-8%8-32 7=78)1 1%= &) :)6-*-)( &= ',)'/-2+
*36 %-6)0)'8630=8) 1-<896) %-6 &9&&0)7 *03;-2+ -2 8,)
40%78-' 89&-2+ 36 8639+, '322)'8)( 83 8,) %-6 4914
&%66)0 92'8-32-2+ 3* 8,) %+-8%8367 '%2 %073 &)
',)'/)( &= 8%/-2+ 74)'-*-' +6%:-8= 6)%(-2+7 3003;-2+
% ',%6+) % ')00 ;-8, % 4634)60= *92'8-32-2+ %+-8%836
;-00 7,3; % 136) 6%4-( 74)'-*-' +6%:-8= 6-7) 8,%2 % 7-1-?
0%6 ')00 ;-8,398 8,) %+-8%836 ,-7 -7 4%68-'90%60= 23?
8-')%&0) ;,)2 ')007 ,%:) &))2 ;%8)6)( 46-36 83 8,)
',%6+) 398-2) 1%-28)2%2') 3* 8,) %+-8%8-32 7=78)1
-7 ()7'6-&)( -2 4%6%+6%4,

"#&$
!

! "))$'%$(. A step-by-step in two to three weeks, while a new tube may never
procedure for checking the agitation system of lead- clog.
calcium batteries is provided in MRC EL-18 W-1.
6. If agitation remains unsatisfactory, check
The step-by-step cleaning procedures are provided
hose connection and throttling orifices; clear any obĆ
in MRC EL-18 U-1. Calcium grid batteries currentĆ
structions.
ly in service are maintained as follows:
7. If electrolyte flow is still insufficient, remove
1. Ensure that the agitation system has been
the air supply tube, put on rubber gloves to protect
operating for at least one hour.
hands from electrolyte and feed a Teflon rod through
2. Remove flash arrester and inspect O-ring both sides of the air lift pump barrel until rod comes
or gasket for damage or deterioration. Ventilate durĆ to rest on the bottom of the cell jar. The Teflon rod will
ing inspection according to paragraph 223-4.3.2.9. not enter into the lift side of the pump barrel on
GUPPY I Mod E due to the funnel assembly. ReinĆ
stall the air supply tube. The Teflon rod is available
under NSN 9G 9330-00-781-7851 from the DeĆ
Take particular care to prevent sparks from
fense Supply Agency in Richmond, Virginia.
reaching the cell while the flash arrester
dome is not in place.
3. Ensure proper agitation pumping action Feed the Telflon rod just far enough into
through procedures listed in paragraph 223-5.4.2. the pump barrel to reach the bottom of the
jar. Excessive penetration can cause sepaĆ
4. If agitation is not satisfactory, verify total
rator damage at the bottom of the cell.
system airflow rate (paragraph 223-3.4.2.
5. If agitation remains unsatisfactory, remove
"))$'%$(. TRIDENT cells
the air supply tube from the cell and inspect for clogĆ have two air agitation pumps. A step-by-step proceĆ
ging or crimping. Replace if necessary. Do not clear dure for checking the agitation system is provided in
away foreign material or obstructions, as experience MRC EL-18 W-2. The step-by-step cleaning proĆ
shows that a cleaned and reused tube may clog again cedure is provided in MRC EL-18 U-2.
135

&.39*3&3(* .8 .)*39.(&1 94 9-&9 +47 "% '&99*7@ 7.*3(* 8-4<8 9-&9 & (1*&3*) &3) 7*:8*) 9:'* 2&> (14,
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*7 (14,

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22
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8>89*2 &.7+14< 7&9* (4251*9.43 4+ &3 *6:&1.?.3, (-&7,* (-*(0 +47 5745*7
&,.9&9.43 .3 &((47)&3(* <.9- 5&7&,7&5-

+ 854:9 -*.,-9 7*2&.38 4:9 4+ 7&3,* (-*(0
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43 (-&7,* <-*3 )42* .8 7*24;*) !-* (-*(0 3**)
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+ 5745*7 +1:.) 854:9 -*.,-9 .8 89.11 349 &9@ 85*(9*) '*+47* (-&7,* 3(* & (*11 .8 (-*(0*) .9 3**)
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.385*(9 +47 (14,,.3, 47 (7.25.3, *51&(* .+ 3*(*88&7> .9 .8 .3 & ,74:5 9-&9 <.11 '* (-*(0*) ):7.3, 9-* (:77*39
4 349 (1*&7 +47*.,3 2&9*7.&1 47 4'897:(9.43 &8 *=5*@ 6:&79*7 5&7&,7&5-

S9086-G1-STM-010/CH-223V1R2
223-5.5 MAINTENANCE CHECKS 223-5.5.1.3 Care of Individual Cell Voltage (ICV)

Cabling. Every calendar quarter, when the battery
223-5.5.1 BATTERY CLEANING. Step-by-step well is cleaned and inspected, the ICV cabling should
battery cleaning procedures are provided in MRC be inspected. Several battery well fires have resulted
EL-18 Q-6. It is important in taking hydrometer from faulty ICV cabling. A thorough inspection
readings and in watering a battery to avoid spilling should be conducted after any work on the ICV cabĆ
acid on the tops of cells or on the deck covering. It is ling system has been done and after jumpering a cell.
imperative that batteries be kept clean. Collection of Inspect ICV cable runs for proper bundling; ensure
acid or dirt around a battery will lead to troublesome that cable runs are securely fastened in standoffs to
grounds and may cause corrosion. A drop in ground prevent sagging or rubbing motion that may fray
resistance to below 100,000 ohms is usually due to a leads. Inspect ICV conductors between points where
dirty battery. After each watering, wipe the tops of they are connected to a bus and where they leave the
the cells clean and, where possible, the sides of jars. cable run for clearance from energized busses, interĆ
If acid has accumulated, remove it by means of a lint- cell connectors and attaching hardware. The initial
free cloth, dampened with a solution of baking soda inspection after installation or jumpering a cell
(that contains no more than 30 grams/liter of baking should verify that ICV conductors are installed in acĆ
soda) followed by one dampened with DI water. cordance with clearance and creepage standards of
paragraph 223-2.11.11 and NSTM Chapter 300,
223-5.5.1.1 Emptying and Cleaning Sumps and Electric Plant General.
Tanks. After each watering, pump out any water or 223-5.5.2 METER CALIBRATION. To ensure that
acid present in battery-tank sumps and determine the operation and maintenance of storage batteries
its source. A leaking jar is a likely source of acid in will be assisted by accurate and reliable data, meters
sumps. Such cells should be located and replaced if shall be calibrated as required by the METRL, NAVĆ
possible; otherwise, they should be jumpered out of SEA OD 45845. Meter calibrations are also required
the battery. Never clean battery tanks by flushing when data reviews by NAVSEA or the manufacturer's
with water unless acid has accumulated in the tanks. service engineer reveal possible meter problems.
Keep tank dry to avoid grounds. When calibrating meters, particular attention should
be paid to the condition of permanent meter connecĆ
223-5.5.1.2 Aluminum Oxide Deposits. Placing serĆ tions. This is particularly true in the case of individual
vice caps or other cover hardware on flash arrester cell analog (nondigital) voltmeters where loose or
domes and then placing the caps or hardware on top corroded connections at the meters or in the fuse bug
of cell covers during a cell inspection may result in deĆ boxes will greatly influence meter accuracy. The meĆ
posits of alumina on cell cover. Deposits are white in ters to be calibrated are:
color and very difficult to remove. Although these deĆ
a. Generator armature analog ammeters
posits are not harmful, placing hardware on top of cell
covers should be avoided. b. Main storage battery analog ammeters
137
S9086-G1-STM-010/CH-223V1R2
$ "*/ 4503"(& #"55&3: "/"-0( ) .&5&34 $)&$,&% &7&3: 5)3&& .0/5)4 &7&3: '063 .0/5)4 '03
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.&"463&% 5*.& */5&37"- $"-*#3"5*0/ 4)"-- #& 4637&:&% /05&% 0/ 5)& /&95 46#<
.*55"- 0' '03.
"/% 3&1-"$&%
% 69*-*"3: 108&3 "..&5&34
& &/&3"503 70-5.&5&34 223-5.5.3.1Material Required and Related InĆ
formation )& ."5&3*"- -*45&% */ "#-&
*4 3&<
' "*/ 4503"(& #"55&3: 70-5.&5&34 26*3&% 50 $)&$, 5)& "$$63"$: 0' ):%30.&5&34 64&% */
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5&34 223-5.5.3.2Hydrometer 1301&3-: -"#&-&%
) *3'-08 .&5&34 */ 5)& #"55&3: 7&/5*-"5*0/ 4:4< ):%30.&5&3 */%*$"5&4 5)& 4".1-& 5&.1&3"563&
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4*(/&% 50 3&"% $033&$5-: "4
* 1"/&- 70-5.&5&3 1&3

223-5.5.3.3Standard Hydrometer 45"/%"3%
):%30.&5&3 *4 0/& 5)"5 )"4 #&&/ $"-*#3"5&% "/% *4 $&3<
+ -&$53*$ 1-"/5 $0/530- 1"/&- 70-5.&<
5*'*&% 50 3&"% "$$63"5&-: "5 5)& 4".1-& 5&.1&3"563&
5&3
41&$*'*&% 0/ 5)& */4536.&/5 )*4 */4536.&/5 *4 64&%
, &5&34 64&% */ $0//&$5*0/ 8*5) 46#."3*/& 50 %&5&3.*/& 5)& "$$63"$: 0' 803,*/( ):%30.&5&34
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$"-*#3"5*0/ 0' 45"/%"3% ):%30.&5&34 .645 #& "$$63"5&
223-5.5.2.1Thermometers "-*#3"5*0/ 0' !&45<
"/% .645 $033&410/% 50 5)& "5*0/"- 63&"6 0' 5"/<
0/%*"- 5)&3.0.&5&34 4)06-% #& $)&$,&% 4&.*"//6<
%"3%4 $"-*#3"5*0/
"--:
223-5.5.2.2Hydrogen Detectors "-*#3"5*0/ 0' ):< 223-5.5.3.4Working Hydrometer 803,*/(
%30(&/ %&5&$5034 4)"-- #& $)&$,&% 13*03 50 &"$) ):%30.&5&3 *4 0/& 5)"5 *4 64&% %*3&$5-: */ #"55&3:
&26"-*;*/( $)"3(& */ "$$03%"/$& 8*5) &$5*0/ ."*/5&/"/$& )&$, "$$63"$: .0/5)-: 03 8)&/&7&3
*/4536$5*0/4 "/ */"$$63"$: *4 4641&$5&%
223-5.5.2.3Reporting Results $$0.1-*4).&/5 0' 223-5.5.3.5Test Electrolytes &45 &-&$530-:5&4 "3&

"-- .&5&3 $"-*#3"5*0/4 4)"-- #& */$-6%&% */ 5)& 6"3< 40-65*0/4 0' 46-'63*$ "$*% 5)"5 "3& 64&% 50 %&5&3.*/&
5&3-: "55&3: &1035 "4 %&4$3*#&% */ 4&$5*0/ 5)& "$$63"$: 0' 803,*/( ):%30.&5&34

223-5.5.3.6Calibration Point $"-*#3"5*0/ 10*/5 *4
223-5.5.3QUARTERLY CHECK OF HYDROMEĆ " 3&"%*/( 0/ " 803,*/( ):%30.&5&3 5)"5 *4 $0.1"3&%
TERS 5"/%"3% ):%30.&5&34 64&% */ $0//&$5*0/ 50 " 3&"%*/( ."%& 0/ " 45"/%"3% ):%30.&5&3 */ 5)&
8*5) ."*/ 4503"(& #"55&3: */45"--"5*0/4 4)"-- #& 4".& &-&$530-:5&

!

S9086-G1-STM-010/CH-223V1R2
WARNING 223-5.5.3.8Mixing Test Electrolytes *' 45'14 (03

130&6%+/) # 6/+(03. 8'--.+9'& 5'45 '-'%530-:5'
0 /05 1063 8#5'3 +/50 %0/%'/53#5'& 46-(6< 40-65+0/ #3' #4 (0--084
3+% #%+& *' *'#5 )'/'3#5'& 8+-- %#64' # 7+<
0-'/5 3'#%5+0/ 6-(63+% #%+& +4 *+)*-: %0330< '#463' 3'26+3'& #.06/54 0( #%+& #/&
4+7' #,' 46+5#$-' 13'%#65+0/4 50 1305'%5 8#5'3
5*' $0&: *#/&4 ':'4 #/& %-05*+/) 8*'/
*#/&-+/) 46-(63+% #%+& "#4* #/: 41+--'&
-#%' 8#5'3 +/ # $'#,'3 #/& 4-08-: #&&
#%+& +..'&+#5'-: 8+5* 8#5'3 #/& #%+& 50 5*' 8#5'3 *' 40-65+0/ 8+-- $'%0.' *05
/'653#-+;' 8+5* 40&+6. $+%#3$0/#5' &6' 50 *'#5 )'/'3#5'& $: .+9+/) 0( 5*' #%+& #/& 8#<
5'3 --08 40-65+0/ 50 45#/& 6/5+- +5 +4 %00- '#463'
223-5.5.3.7Preparation of Test Electrolyte *' 5'45 #.06/5 0( '-'%530-:5' 40-65+0/ 0$5#+/'& #/& #&&
46-(63+% #%+& 40-65+0/ .645 *#7' 5*' 3'26+3'& /0.+/#- #.06/5 0( 8#5'3 /''&'& 50 0$5#+/ 3'26+3'&
41'%+(+% )3#7+5: 50 5'45 5*' #%%63#%: 0( # 803,+/) #.06/5 0( '-'%530-:5' 063 5'45 '-'%530-:5' +/50
*:&30.'5'3 *' 1'3%'/5 0( %0/%'/53#5'& 46-(63+% *:&30.'5'3 %:-+/&'3 #/& 45+3 50 .+9 '-'%530-:5' #/& 3'<
#%+& $: 70-6.' 3'26+3'& (03 # 5'45 '-'%530-:5' 0( # .07' #+3 $6$$-'4
1#35+%6-#3 41'%+(+% )3#7+5: +4 )+7'/ +/ #$-'

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9#.1-' 5'45 '-'%530-:5' 40-65+0/ 8+5* # 41'%+(+% '-'%5 580 %#-+$3#5+0/ 10+/54 (03 '#%*
)3#7+5: 0(
+4 #11309+< *:&30.'5'3 0/' 10+/5 +4 50 $' +/ 5*' 501 0/'(+(5*
.#5'-:
1'3%'/5 $: 70-6.' %0/%'/53#5' 1'3< 0( 5*' 4%#-' 5*' 05*'3 +4 50 $' +/ 5*' -08'45 0/'(+(5*
%'/5 46-(63+% #%+& '5 ! '26#- 5*' 70-6.' 0( 5'45 0( 5*' 4%#-'
'-'%530-:5' /''&'& *' 70-6.' 0( 46-(63+% #%+& !#
3'26+3'& 50 .#,' 5*+4 #.06/5 +4 )+7'/ $: 5*' (0--08< 223-5.5.3.9Preparation for Test of Hydrometer
+/) '26#5+0/ Floats '(03' 45#35+/) 5'45 '9#.+/' 803,+/) #/&
45#/&#3& *:&30.'5'34 (03 %3#%,4 #/& (03 -+26+& +/4+&'
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#11309+.#5'-: .-

06/%'4 0( 8#5'3 5*' 4#.' 5:1' #4 5*' 803,+/)

S9086-G1-STM-010/CH-223V1R2
Table 223-17. CONCENTRATIONS OF SULFURIC ACID REQUIRED TO OBTAIN TEST

ELECTROLYTE WITH A PRESCRIBED SPECIFIC GRAVITY
!2+(&-+ "' -,- (+ )+-"% ).+)(,, %(-, "' !2+(&-+ 2%"'+ 2 ,%(0%2 "&&+,"'
,-'+, ' ., -( -,- -!& -( ,%" !-%2 2(' -! -,- )("'- %%(0"' -!&
0(+$"' !2+(&-+, 0"-!(.- -( %(- +%2 "- -!+ &"'.-, (+ %(-, -( +!
(++-"' (+ -&)+-.+

-! -! -&)+-.+ !2+(&-+, + ( -! ,&
0(+$"' !2+(&-+, ' -,- .,"' -2) "- ", .'',,+2 -( ('-+(% -! -&)+-.+ 13
,-'+, 2 &.%-")%2"' -! +"' (3 )- -( )+/'- +)" "++ .%+ !' , "' -&)+3
-"' 0"-! -! !2+(&-+ 2 -.+ .+"' -,-
' -!' "' -! +,.%- -( -! +"' (3
-"' 0"-! -! !2+(&-+ -( (3 !2+(&-+, 2 (,+/"' "'-+,-"('
-"' -! (++- /%. (+ -!

( %"*." ,.+ ' ,-& +(& %(0 -! ,.+ ,(
0(+$"' !2+(&-+ -!- ,.+ ))+, , ' %%"), #.,- -! !2+(&3
-+ /"0"' ' % .'-"% -! %%"), (&, ,-+" !-
223-5.5.3.10Test of Hydrometer Floats ! +,.%-, %"' ! )("'- - 0!"! -!", ,-+" !- %"' "'-+,-, -!
(-"' 0!"% -,-"' !2+(&-+ %(-, ,!(.% ,-& ", -! (++- !2+(&-+ +"'
+(+ (' (+& ,"&"%+ -( -!- ,!(0' "'
" .+

' ,!(.% "'%. "' -! --+2 -! ,-'+ !2+(&-+ ", '(- 0"-!"' -!
+(+ (($ % ,-'+ ' 0(+$"' !2+(&-+ +' +*."+ 2 -! %"+-"('

S9086-G1-STM-010/CH-223V1R2
65/4: '*0;9: :.+ *+49/:? 5, :.+ :+9: +2+):852?:+ :5 5(A */9).'8-+ 8':+ /9 :.+ .5;8 8':+ $.+ /4/:/'2 9:'8:/4-
:'/4 :.+ 6856+8 96+)/,/) -8'</:? ** =':+8 :5 25=A :+36+8':;8+ ,58 ' ('::+8? 9.5;2* 4+<+8 +>)++*
+8 96+)/,/) -8'</:? '** )54)+4:8':+* ')/* :5 8'/9+ 96+A 6'8'-8'6.

,:+8 )5362+:/54
)/,/) -8'</:? /> :.585;-.2? ',:+8 +'). '**/:/54 '4* 5, ' )'6')/:? :+9: */9).'8-+ =.+8+ :.+ )'6')/:? /9 2/3A
'225= 4+= :+9: +2+):852?:+ :5 9:'4* ': 2+'9:
.5;8 (+A /:+* :5 2+99 :.'4 6+8)+4: *;+ :5 ' ,';2:? )+22 58 )+229
,58+ ;9/4- "+6+': :.+ 8+'*/4- :'1+ )588+):/<+ '):/54 /4 '))58*'4)+ =/:. :+).4/)'2
3'4;'2 685)+*;8+9 '4* =/:. :.+ 58*+8 5, 68+)+*+4)+
) , 8+'*/4- 54 9:'4*'8* .?*853+:+8 /9 =/:./4
5, 9+):/54
:'1+4 /4:5 '))5;4: "+6+': :.+

8+7;/8+* 8'4-+ 8+)58* :.+ <'2;+ "+'* =581/4-
:+9: */9).'8-+
.?*853+:+8 '4* 8+)58* /:9 <'2;+ "+8+'* 9:'4*'8*
.?*853+:+8 '4* 8+)58* /:9 <'2;+ 223-5.5.4.1Minimum Percentage of Capacity AlĆ
* , :.+ ,/89: '4* 9+)54* 8+'*/4-9 54 :.+ 9:'4A lowable $.+ 3/4/3;3 6+8)+4:'-+ 5, 8':+* )'6')/:?
*'8* .?*853+:+8 '8+ 45: =/:./4 54+ 93'22+9: 9)'2+ */A '225='(2+ /4 ' 9;(3'8/4+ ('::+8? /9 6+8)+4: $.+
</9/54 5, +'). 5:.+8 9:/8 +2+):852?:+ */9)'8* ,/89: 8+'*A ('::+8? 9.5;2* (+ 8+62')+* /, :.+ )'6')/:? ',:+8 '4
/4-9 '4* 8+6+': 9:+6 +7;'2/@/4- ).'8-+ 6'8'-8'6.
/9 2+99 :.'4
6+8)+4: '4* )'445: (+ /4)8+'9+* (? 3'/4:+4'4)+
223-5.5.3.11Hydrometer Accuracy Requirement 58 )588+):/<+ '):/54 549/*+8':/54 =/22 (+ -/<+4 :5 8+A
$.+ '));8')? 5, +<+8? .?*853+:+8 )5<+8+* (? :./9 <52A 62')+3+4: 68/58 :5 8+')./4- '-+ 2/3/:9 /, :.+ .?*85-+4
;3+ /9 :5 (+ =/:./4 54+ 93'22+9: 9)'2+ */</9/54 5, 8+'*A +<52;:/54 =.+4 9;(3+8-+* 6'8'-8'6.

/4-9 5(:'/4+* =/:. :.+ 9:'4*'8* .?*853+:+8 58 +>A (+)53+9 +>)+99/<+ (+,58+ :.+ )'6')/:? *8569 (+25=
'362+ /, ' .?*853+:+8 .'9 ' 93'22+9: 9)'2+ */</9/54 5, :.+ 3/4/3;3 '225='(2+ 2+<+2 6'8'-8'6.

:.+ '));8')? 8+7;/8+3+4: /9 ±
,853 8+'*A
5:/,? &# (? 96+)/'2 !" &A

/4- 5(:'/4+* =/:. 9:'4*'8* .?*853+:+8 # ,583
=.+4+<+8 )'6')/:? *+)2/4+9 (+25=
223-5.5.3.12Criteria for Rejecting Working 6+8)+4: 58 *8569 358+ :.'4 6+8)+4: ,853 :.+
Hydrometers =581/4- .?*853+:+8 /9 :5 (+ 8+0+):+* 2'9: )'6')/:? :+9:
'9 /4'));8':+ /, /: *5+9 45: 3++: :.+ '));8')? 8+7;/8+A
223-5.5.4.2Capacity Determination $.+ '):;'2 )'A
3+4: ': +/:.+8 :.+ 25=8'4-+ 58 ./-.8'4-+ )'2/(8'A
6')/:? 5, ' 2+'*)'2)/;3 ('::+8? )'4 (+ *+:+83/4+*
:/54 65/4:9 $.+ .?*853+:+8 =/22 '295 (+ 8+0+):+* /, /:
(? */9).'8-/4- :.+ ('::+8? '9 ,5225=9
/9 )8')1+* )./66+* .'9 2559+ ('22'9: 3':+8/'2 /49/*+
/: 58 .'9 2/7;/* /49/*+ /: , 4+)+99'8? (8/4- +2+):852?:+ :5 /:9 6856+8
223-5.5.4SEMIANNUAL CHECK ON BATTERY 2+<+2 (? '**/4- =':+8
CAPACITY 4)+ +<+8? 9/> 354:.9 +<+8? ('::+8?
/<+ ('::+8? '4 +7;'2/@/4- ).'8-+
9.'22 (+ )5362+:+2? */9).'8-+* /4 58*+8 :5 *+:+83/4+
/:9 '):;'2 )'6')/:? : '4? :/3+ :.+ 8':/5 5, :.+ '):;'2 $.+ '36+8+.5;8 . 3+:+8 *;+ :5 /4')A
)'6')/:? :5 :.+ 9+8</)+ )'6')/:? /9 -+4+8'22? :.+ (+9: );8')/+9 /9 45: ;9+* :5 *+:+83/4+ :5:'2 . 5, */9A
9/4-2+ /4*/)':/54 5, ('::+8? )54*/:/54 $.+ )'6')/:? ).'8-+ 5=+<+8 /: /9 ;9+* '9 ' ).+)1 5, )'2);2':+* .
*/9).'8-+ 8':+ /9 :.+ .5;8 8':+ %## '4* 9.5;2* (+ 9+: :5 @+85 54 )5362+:/54 5, ).'8-+

%" ! " " " #%$# &" $" #$

4. For a particular battery installation the deĆ
sired discharge rate as displayed in Table 223-18 . Every 12
should be used. These rates should be held constant months a 150 ml (five ounces) sample of electrolyte
within ± 50 amperes as read on the ammeter. from each group of 126 or 128 cells shall be sent to the
nearest Government laboratory for spectro-analyĆ
5. At the rates selected in paragraph
sis. The sample shall be taken from a cell that has not
223-5.5.4.2, the final voltage, average final cell voltĆ
previously been used for this purpose and the amount
age and minimum final cell voltage are shown in
of electrolyte removed for chemical analysis shall be
Table 223-18.
replaced by pure electrolyte of the same specific gravĆ
6. When any limiting voltage is reached, the ity. Each sample shall be labeled to show the name of
discharge shall be officially terminated. Time to this the ship, date, cell number and specific gravity, and
point shall be the actual time of discharge. marked "Used Electrolyte." The analysis shall show
the parts per million (ppm) of each of the impurities
7. If the discharge rate was held constant at the
listed in Table 223-19 and the specific gravity of the
specified value read on the ammeter, proceed to step
electrolyte at 26.7C (80F). The results of each analĆ
8 and determine rated time. If the discharge rate was
ysis shall be entered in the battery record book, along
not held constant, compute total Ah of discharge in
with the information on the sample label.
accordance with paragraph 223-3.5.13.2. Divide the
computed total Ah of discharge by actual time of disĆ
charge from step 6, preceding. The quotient is averĆ If the analysis shows any impurity to be in excess of
age discharge rate in amperes. the amount specified in Table 223-19, the analysis
should be repeated on electrolyte samples from that
8. Refer to the battery curves and data
cell and all cells adjacent to it. If excess impurities are
(Figure 223-2 and Figure 223-3) and find rated
verified to be present in one or more cells, forward a
duration of discharge for the average discharge rate
copy of all analysis reports to NAVSEA for evaluaĆ
from step 7. This rated time of discharge is then corĆ
tion. If necessary, authority to renew electrolyte will
rected for temperature based on average pilot cell
be granted by NAVSEA. For effects of impurities and
electrolyte temperature existing at start of test disĆ
procedure to be followed in renewing electrolyte, see
charge.
paragraphs 223-6.5 through 223-6.5.6.
9. Compute percent service of Ah capacity obĆ
tained. This is equal to 100 times the actual time of

.
discharge from step 6, divided by corrected rated time
The routine maintenance to be followed with a batĆ
of discharge from step 8.
tery shall be in accordance with the PMS MainteĆ
10. Enter results in the QBR, NAVSEA form nance Index Page applicable to the battery type
9320/3. installed. In addition:

a. Daily, take pilot cell readings of specific
USS DOLPHIN Maintenance Manual gravity, temperature, height of electrolyte and battery
should be referenced for USS DOLPHIN agitation airflow rate; take readings of battery voltage
Battery Maintenance. and
144

$!
$!
((&- &#)"' #& &"' " ""&" $$ #& #"(#" # &)& "" "'$( *"( /
# (& (#" !$&' " ((&- " !$ &' #& #&&#'#"
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#"( - (#" # +(& ' &%)& &/ +"
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" ,!" *"( (#" '-'/ '& " ( $$ #& $&&$
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#&&( &(#" " (( * *' !$&' " #+& ) (& ((&- &$ !"( #& +" ((
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S9086-G1-STM-010/CH-223V1R2
hydrogen detectors. Ensure that lines are clear. ReasĆ ments to two significant digits, total corrected voltage
semble. measurements to one digit, temperature reading to
zero significant digits and all other readings to two
2. Clean out each battery ventilation fan casing
significant digits.
drain.
223-5.5.6.4 Records, Drawings and Instruction
3. Inspect, check operation and ensure airtight
Books. The battery record book is the official log of
closure of battery compartment bulkhead flappers by
the battery. It must be kept in accordance with the
placing a thin piece of tissue paper in front of ventilaĆ
instructions contained therein. In addition, a comĆ
tion duct, checking for airflow from battery well.
plete set of battery drawings and an instruction book
4. Clean and inspect battery. See MRC EL-18 should be available on each submarine. Ships not
R-1. possessing a full set should request them from NAVĆ
223-5.5.6.2 Overhaul Cleaning. At each overhaul, SEA. Battery drawings and instruction books should
follow instructions covering operation of installed not be requested from the manufacturer or contracĆ
batteries during overhaul contained in the applicable tor. The battery record book is retained for the lifeĆ
manufacturer's technical manual, Section 3 and time of the battery.
Section 5. Check all accessory equipment to ensure 223-5.5.7 ACTION AND REPORTS REQUIRED.
safe and efficient operation subsequent to the overĆ The following is a summary of important paragraphs
haul. Perform all battery compartment ventilation requiring action, reports on action taken or notificaĆ
system tests required by section 223-4.6. Clean and tion of action to be taken by shipyard or ship's personĆ
test all flash arresters (paragraphs 223-5.2.2 and nel:
223-5.5.10). Examine and replace (if necessary) oriĆ
fices in agitation lines. Regenerate or replace ion exĆ a. If cell shipping damage is known or susĆ
change resin, if necessary. Torque all intercell nuts pected, notify carrier (paragraph 223-2.3.2).
and bolts to 500-550 inch-pounds (57-62 newton- b. Notify battery manufacturer of initial inĆ
meters). Follow MRC EL-18 R-3. Inspect quick- spection date (paragraph 223-2.3.2).
opening disconnects for proper bus bar alignment and
surface contact (paragraph 223-2.12). c. Notify cognizant Defense Contract AdminĆ
istration Services (DCAS) representative when batĆ
223-5.5.6.3 Quarterly Report. Quarterly, submit tery is to be placed in service and installed (paragraph
battery report on Form NAVSEA 9320/3, 223-2.8.1.1).
Figure 223-16, one copy to each of the following:
NAVSEA Code 56Z33, Force Commander, SquadĆ d. Forward sample of filling electrolyte to a
ron Commander, Mare Island Naval Shipyard Code Government laboratory for analysis prior to use
134.13 and the manufacturer. Report on the calibraĆ (paragraph 223-2.9.2.6).
tion check on hydrometers, hydrogen detectors, airĆ
e. Forward a sample of electrolyte taken from
flow meters and electrical meters. In Remarks secĆ
each pilot cell before installation to a Government
tion, if ampere-hour meters have not been checked,
laboratory for analysis (paragraph 223-2.10.6).
report the reason and the date this check will be acĆ
complished. Specific gravity measurements should be f. Report on initial cycles (paragraph
made to three significant digits, cell voltage measureĆ 223-2.10.7).
146

g. Report overhaul on battery and related sysĆ

tems (paragraph 223-8.6.2).
Before taking on shore power, deenergize
h. Report results of meter calibration on Form the air agitation system blower/motor. If
NAVSEA 9320/3 (paragraph 223-5.5.2). electrical phases are inadvertently reĆ
i. Report results of quarterly check on versed, the blower/motor will reverse rotaĆ
hydrometers on Form NAVSEA 9320/3 (paragraph tion, take a suction on battery cells and conĆ
223-5.5.3). taminate the air system piping.
j. Report results of semiannual test discharge After verifying proper electrical phasing, reenergize
on Form NAVSEA 9320/3 (paragraph 223-5.5.4). the blower/motor.
k. Submit submarine battery quarterly report

. During new
on Form NAVSEA 9320/3 (paragraph 223-5.5.6.3). construction and overhaul, the building yard or Naval
l. Submit ventilation systems reports (paraĆ shipyard will remove and store the ship's flash arrestĆ
graph 223-4.6.9). ers and replace them with flash arresters maintained
especially for this purpose. The flash arresters are reĆ

installed just prior to normal underway operations,
! thus ensuring that flash arresters are functional in all
". During periods of new construction, respects. During the interim period, the temporary
overhaul and extended availability, the battery is opĆ arresters are cleaned and tested annually in accorĆ
erated in accordance with paragraph 223-3.6.3, if auĆ dance with paragraph 223-5.2.2, and visually inĆ
thorized in accordance with paragraph 223-3.6.2. spected semiannually for nonwetting and cleanliness.
During these authorized operations, routine battery If faulty units are found, all are to be removed,
maintenance shall be in accordance with paragraphs cleaned and tested.
223-5.1 through 223-5.5.7, except as modified by

" . Due to low batĆ
paragraphs 223-5.5.9 through 223-5.5.13 below.
tery usage, cells will be relatively gas free and the elecĆ

" "# trolyte level will be low. Low temperatures below
. The system is operated as required by 18C (65F) will also contribute to low electrolyte levĆ
Section 3. When the system is placed in operation to el. During new construction, overhaul and extended
support a battery charge, the functional check deĆ availability periods DI water is added only when necĆ
scribed in paragraph 223-5.4.2 shall be accomplished essary to maintain the electrolyte level above the
in all cells. If the system is being operated continuousĆ minimum level specified in the applicable service
ly, maintenance shall be in accordance with paraĆ manual. Do not add water for any other reason. When
graph 223-5.4.3. additions are necessary, add
147

+-""&, %'-&,+ ,' *"+ ,! $.$ &' !" !* ,!& $,*'$1, "+ "&,$$1 */& "&,' ,! +1+,% ("(3
,!, +("" "& ,! (($"$ ,,*1 +*." %&-$ "& - ,' $"&-( "$-* '* - ,' '%(*,%&,$
& + "&", 1 ,! $,*'$1, $.$ "&",'* ' (*++-* "*&,"$+
+("$ !* "+ *)-"* ,&* /,*"& (*'3
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*,"'&+ * *+-% & +"0 ,' +.& ","'&$ (*++-* "* +-(($1 '&&,"'& ,' ,! ,,*1 "* ",3
)-".$&, 1$+ * -%-$, & /!& ,! .*3 ,"'& +1+,% !+ +1+,%+ *-& ,! ('++""$",1 ' '&3
("$', $$ ,%(*,-* "+ '* *,* ,%"&,"& ,! ,,*1 /",! %'"+,-* (-%( "& *'%
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& "3
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'*% + '$$'/+ %'&,!$1 & (*"'* ,' ! )-$"2"& !* + "&"3
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('/* & */+ $,*'$1, "&,' +1+,% ("("& '* " ",$ .'$,%,* "&+,$$ "& ,! (&$

its history to determine whether the problem can be
remedied, that is, mechanical failure of the agitation
system or an improper reading, faulty fuse or bad voltĆ
. Failure of a subĆ
age lead. If the situation allows, advice from the Force
marine main storage battery is usually attributable to
Commander and battery manufacturer should be obĆ
age or cycling (working) and may be expected from
tained prior to jumpering a cell out of the battery.
the following conditions:
When a cell is jumpered out, a note should be made
a. Disintegration of positive grid structure in the Quarterly Battery Report with reasons for takĆ
ing the action.
b. Loss of active material from positive plates
.
c. Deterioration of negative active material
The principal battery troubles discussed in paraĆ
d. Severe internal short circuits. graphs 223-6.2 through 223-6.8 are:
There is no remedy for these conditions. Once they a. SelfĆdischarge, paragraph 223-6.2
have occurred the battery should be replaced. BatterĆ
b. Low capacity cells, paragraph 223-6.3
ies installed in nuclear submarines are usually reĆ
placed due to age. Battery failure may be greatly acĆ c. Sulfation, paragraph 223-6.4
celerated by improper operation and maintenance.
d. Impurities in electrolyte, paragraph
Therefore, conformance to this volume and the
223-6.5
manufacturer's service manual is imperative to enĆ
sure the battery delivers maximum performance over e. Battery grounds, paragraph 223-6.6
its expected life.
f. Air agitation system malfunction, paragraph
. 223-6.8.
Failed submarine battery cells are not usually reĆ

placed until the battery is replaced. Cells that fail preĆ
maturely are jumpered out of the battery circuit. A . A lead
submarine battery can continue to provide satisfactoĆ acid battery always shows at least a low rate of decline
ry service even if several low cells are jumpered out. in specific gravity when standing on open circuit. This
As the battery approaches end of life, some cells will drop in specific gravity is usually accompanied by a
become much lower in capacity than others, thus limĆ drop in battery capacity. Except for electrical selfĆdisĆ
iting battery capacity. Though indiscriminate jumperĆ charge caused by internal short circuits, normal selfĆ
ing out of cells is to be avoided, cells that are materialĆ discharge, sometimes called local action, is
ly lower than the average and that significantly deĆ
grade battery capacity and performance should be
jumpered out. Prior to jumpering out a cell, analyze
149
S9086-G1-STM-010/CH-223V1R2
!%"$ & $,*'!%"$ & "+ !*,*"+," 223-6.2.3.1Time Period Since Last Charge !
' $$ $ " ,,*"+ *, ' !%"$ +$3"+!* "+ %'+, *(" "%%"3
,$1 ,* !* & ,!& *++ +'%/!, ,'
223-6.2.2SELFĆDISCHARGE (LOCAL ACTION) %'* '* $++ '&+,&, .$- '* ,,*1 ,!, !+
EFFECTS ! ,+ ' !%"$ ,"'& ' +-$-*" & 1$ &'- ! ,' .$'( %0"%-% (*'*3
" '& $ & ",+ '0"+ & ,! $,*'!%"$ 3 %& ,! (",1 $'+, '& '(& "*-", "&*++ /",!
,"'& ' "%(-*","+ "& '&,, /",! $ * +*" ,! $& ,! ' +,&
"& +,"'&+
,!*'- !

223-6.2.3.2Specific Gravity ! *, ' !%"$
223-6.2.2.1Decrease in Electrolyte Specific GravĆ +$3"+!* "&*++ /",! ,! +("" *.",1 '
ity $$ +("" *.",1 *++ ((*'0"%,$1 '&3 ,! $,*'$1,
,&,! ' ('"&, (* 1 , '* ,! $3
223-6.2.3.3Temperature of Electrolyte ! *, '
"-% *" $$+
!%"$ +$3"+!* "&*++ /",! ,! $,*'$1,
223-6.2.2.2Decrease in Battery Capacity ! *3 ,%(*,-* ! *, ' !1*' & .'$-,"'& '&
,"'&+ ,/& ,". %,*"$+ & ,! *+-$,"& *'( +,& "&*++ "& (*'('*,"'& ,' ,! *, ' +$3"+3
"& +("" *.",1 -++ (",1 $'++ /!& ,! ,3 !* & & -+ ,' +!'/ ,! "&*+ "& +$3
,*1 +,&+ '& '(& "*-", ! $'& * ,! +,& ,"% "+!* /",! ,%(*,-* $,!'- ! ,! %'-&,+ '
,! *,* ,! $'++ "& ,! *'( "& +("" *.",1 !1*' & .'$. 1 "*&, ,,*"+ .*1 *,$1
"+ %-! $++ '* $"-% *" ,,*"+ ,!1 & +-*3 !1*' & .'$-,"'& "&*++ ,&'$ /",! ,%(*3
.". '**+('&"& $1 $'& * '(& "*-", (*"'+ ,-* "&*+ *'% ,' ,'

223-6.2.2.3Hydrogen Evolution & 13(*'-, ' 223-6.2.3.4Purity of Electrolyte !%"$ +$3"+3

,! !%"$ *,"'&+ "+ !1*' & /!"! "+ (*'- !* "+ %,*"$$1 "&*+ 1 .& 0,*%$1 +%$$
"& & %'-&, (*'('*,"'&$ ,' ,! " '&.*, & %'-&,+ ' "%(-*","+ &',$1 "*'& &"#$ !$'*"&
"+ &*$$1 .*1 +%$$ "& '%(*"+'& ,' )-$"2"& '* &" "+ & '((* - ,' ,! (*'&'-& 3
!* + '/.* (*'(* .&,"$,"'& "& '*& ,+ ' .& +%$$ %'-&,+ ' "%(-*","+ 0,*% (-3
/",! ,"'& +!'-$ %"&,"& *",1 ' ,! $,*'$1, "+ &++*1 '* ,! +, ,,*1
(*'*%& (* *(!+

&
223-6.2.3FACTORS AFFECTING SELFĆDISĆ
'* ,! %0"%-% $$'/$ "%(-*","+ "&
CHARGE ! *, ' !%"$ +$3"+!* 3 &/ & -+ $,*'$1, *+(,".$1 & (*3
(&+ -('& &-%* ' ,'*+ +'% ' /!"! "&3 *(!+

,!*'- !
'* %,!'+ '
$- ,!'+ +*" "& ,! '$$'/"& (* *(!+ $"%"&,"& "%(-*","+

S9086-G1-STM-010/CH-223V1R2
223-6.2.4MINIMIZING SELFĆDISCHARGE $ )/'4 !- /* (& *)// 2$/# +-/ *! /# +*.$/$1

AND HYDROGEN EVOLUTION ON STAND OR +'/ . *- +*.$/$1 / -($)' *)) /*- #$. !*-(/$*)
DISCHARGE # #4-*" ) 1*'0/$*) *) ./) *- $. / -( /- ) /# $)$1$0' +-/$' . (&6
$.#-" $. +-*+*-/$*)' /* /# # ($' . '!6$.6 $)" 0+ /# /- - .-$ . (*.. ) .0#
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+-"-+# # -/ *! $)- . ) (*.. .#*-/ $-0$/ + )$)" *) /# // -4 .$")
& +/ /* ($)$(0( 4 '*. '4 *. -1$)" /# #-"$)" +-*/ /$*) "$)./ .0# .#*-/ $-0$/ $. +-*1$ 4
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& ' /-*'4/ )'4.$. +-"-+# $)$)" ./-$+.
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223-6.2.5.2Sediment Short Circuit (0# ' ..
.0.+ /
*((*) .*0- *! $)/ -)' .#*-/ $-0$/. - .0'/. !-*(
223-6.2.4.1Indication of Accelerated SelfĆdisĆ /# +$'$)" 0+ *! *)0/$)" . $( )/ $.'*" 6
charge '$) $) /# ,0'$5$)" #-" 1*'/" /$1 (/ -$' $) /# . $( )/ .+ '*2 /# +'/ .
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+/ 2# ) ) ..$// 4 #$"# // -4 / (+ -/0-
223-6.2.5.3Occurrence of Short Circuit )/ -)'
*- *+ -/$)" ( -" )$ .
.#*-/ $-0$/. )*-(''4 *0- *)'4 $) ''. ++-*#$)"
223-6.2.5INTERNAL SHORT CIRCUIT ) $)/ -6 ) *! '$! *- -'4 $) '$! 2# - ! / .0# . . +6
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*)0/$)" +/# $.#-" . '' %0./ . $! /# +'/ . 4 -. /* 1 '*+ $)/* .#*-/ $-0$/
2 - *)) / /*" /# - 4 *)0/*- *0/.$ /#
223-6.2.5.4Symptoms $'0- *! '' /* *( 0+
'' # -/ *! $.#-" 2$'' ,0' /* /# +*/ )6
*) #-" 2# ) /# - ./ *! /# // -4 $. !0''4 #-"
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/# '' (4 $.#-" $/. '! / -+$ -/ *) *+ )
2$/# #(. '2
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(*.. .#*-/ $-0$/ *)0/$)" +/# $. /# !*-(/$*) '' (4 #*// - /#) /# % )/ ''. # / (6
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223-6.5.2.7Emergency Procedure When Battery Is ,+1*&+1&,+ 6 ,0"/3&+$ 1%" #,)),4&+$ -/, "8
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223-6.5.2.8Procedure if Salting Occurs While SubĆ %/$" +! %6!/,$"+ "3,)21&,+ ,--"/ %0 + "##" 1
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223-6.5.6OTHER CONTAMINANTS /$!- %)6 /%+* "+-)%*# %* /$! //!-4 2!(( %* +( .!. $! /6
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223-6.6BATTERY GROUNDS AND LEAKAGE
PATHS 223-6.6.3.1Hazards Caused by Leakage Paths
223-6.6.1DEFINITION //!-4 #-+0* %. (!'6 !'#! ,/$. .0$ . /$+.! !.-%! %* ,-#-,$.
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S9086-G1-STM-010/CH-223V1R2
b. Battery grounds or leakage paths between 223-6.7 GENERAL PRINCIPLES OF GROUND

cells may cause partial discharge of some cells or of RESISTANCE
the battery as a whole.
223-6.7.1 CALCULATION OF GROUND RESISĆ
TANCE. The simplest ground resistance example is a
c. Grounds create the danger of electric shock
battery isolated from all cables and equipment. If
if a person makes contact simultaneously with ground
there is only a single 200,000 ohm ground on the batĆ
and a live conductor.
tery, the resistance from the battery to ground is obĆ
viously 200,000 ohms; if there are two such grounds,
d. If the current is large enough, it gradually the resistance to ground is 100,000 ohms since the two
causes the insulation through and over which the curĆ grounds are in parallel. Each additional ground on
rent flows to deteriorate. This in turn results in lower the battery will cause a further decrease in the resisĆ
resistance, increased current and still more rapid inĆ tance to ground. A battery will usually have a number
sulation deterioration. If not stopped in time, the deĆ of grounds rather than merely one. It is difficult to deĆ
terioration may continue until leakageĆcurrent heat termine the number of grounds, or to measure the reĆ
causes almost complete insulation breakdown. This sistance of each ground individually, but it is readily
will result in a short circuit of a part of the battery if possible to measure the combined resistance of all the
the leakage path is from one point in the battery to grounds in parallel (Rg). If, for example, there are five
another, or in a zero or nearlyĆzero resistance ground
grounds on a battery with resistance equal to Ra, Rb,
if the path extends to ground. Should a second zero
Rc, Rd, and Re, the Rg for the battery will be related
resistance ground occur at another point in the batĆ
to the resistances of the individual grounds as follows:
tery, the result will be a short circuit of part of the batĆ
tery, which can cause extensive damage.
1 +Ă 1 Ă ) 1 Ă ) 1 Ă ) 1 Ă ) 1 Ă
Rg Ra Rb Rc Rd Re
When all leakage paths are of high resistance, howevĆ
er, leakage currents will be too small to cause signifiĆ
Normally a battery is not isolated from other circuits
cant insulation deterioration. The danger of shock as
and equipment, but is used in combination with them.
a consequence of simultaneous contact with ground
The term battery combination, as used here, will be
and a live conductor will be small or nonexistent, and
considered to include all electricallyĆconnected cable
a short circuit will not result even if a single zero resisĆ
and equipment.
tance should occur on the battery or on its connected
circuits. a. Consider the following example for a battery
with ground resistance R1; connecting cables, bus bars
223-6.6.3.2 Troubleshooting Leakage Paths. The and switchgear with ground resistance R2; and conĆ
resistance of leakage paths that do not extend to nected equipment with ground resistance R3. The
ground cannot be measured. Valuable information on ground resistance, Rg, for this battery combination is
the resistance of grounds can, however, be obtained related to R1, R2 and R3 by the above equation for
from a ground detector ohmmeter or voltmeter. combining resistances in parallel:
170
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described in paragraph 223-6.7.7 should be taken. If
. The following procedure is to be one ground has a much lower resistance than any of
used in locating grounds by the use of voltmeter readĆ the others, the tests given above fix a position close to
ings: the low resistance ground. If, however, there are sevĆ
eral grounds with resistances of similar magnitude,
1. If the resistance to ground measures less
there may or may not be a ground near the position
than 100,000 ohms for a battery alone (battery isoĆ
indicated by the test.
lated from propulsion, auxiliary power, and lighting
and emergency circuits by opening disconnect

. Clearing batĆ
switches), the next step is to locate and clear the tery grounds is usually more a matter of hard work in
grounds. the battery tank than analyzing ground detector readĆ
2. If there is only a single ground on the battery, ings. When these show that the resistance from a batĆ
its position can be found as follows: tery to ground is less than 100,000 ohms the following
procedure is recommended:
a. Measure Vp (the voltage between
ground and the positive end of the battery) and Vn 1. Break battery clear from all connected cirĆ
(the voltage between ground and the negative end of cuits not previously opened, by pulling the battery disĆ
the battery). These measurements can be made on connect switches (paragraph 223-6.7.4). Make
some submarines by using the individual cell voltmeĆ another measurement of ground resistance. If it is beĆ
ter, on other submarines by using the scanner voltmeĆ low 100,000 ohms for the battery alone, the ground is
ter, and on all submarines by using a portable voltmeĆ definitely in the battery.
ter. Use the equation for fraction of battery voltage
included between ground and (+) terminal: 2. If ground resistance still remains low despite
the preceding operations, estimate the position of
Vp ground by the method described in paragraph
ĂĂ
V pĂćĂV n 223-6.7.6. Look first near the position indicated. ReĆ
member, however, that the ground may be elsewhere.
For example, if Vp = 120 volts and Vn = -30 volts,
then Vp - Vn = 120 - (-30) = 150 and the ground 3. Examine individual cell voltmeter leads and
will be at 120/150 or 80 percent of the way from the fuse clips on cell connectors for evidence of corrosion
positive to the negative end of the battery, hence, at and moisture grounds. Disconnect individual cell
about cell number 100 of a 126 cell battery. voltmeter leads from suspected cells and test again.
b. An alternative procedure that can be
4. If the foregoing proves ineffective, examine
used on some submarines is to employ the voltmeter
the tops and exposed parts of jars for evidence of acid
(paragraph 223-1.9.1) to measure the voltage from
streaks, leakage of acid through sealing compound,
ground to each of the intercell connectors on the batĆ
terminal post holes or other openings in the cover.
tery. If there is only a single ground on the battery, it
Wipe off cell tops and exposed parts of jars with a rag
will be very close to the intercell connector which
dipped in a baking soda solution containing no more
gives the smallest voltage reading to ground.
than 30 grams/liter of baking soda, followed by one
3. Unfortunately, a battery is more likely to dampened with DI water (paragraph 223-5.5.1) and
have several grounds than to have only one. The steps test again.
172

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"/% 5)"5 5)& 40'5 36##&3 ("4,&54 0/ 5)& 10454 "3& */ 7&/5*-"5*0/ 4:45&. *4 5&.103"3*-: %*4."/5-&% '03 3&<
1-"$& #&'03& 1655*/( 0/ /&8 $07&3 ' 5)& 0-% ("4,&54 1"*34 5)& 3&1"*3 4$)&%6-& 4)06-% 3&4503& 5)& 1&3."<
"3& 64&% 5)&: 4)06-% #& 8"4)&% "/% 3*/4&% */ 8"5&3 /&/5 #"55&3: 7&/5*-"5*0/ 4:45&. */ 5*.& 50 $)"3(& 5)&
'30. 5)& 4)*14 %&.*/&3"-*;&% 8"5&3 4611-: "/% #"55&3: "4 13&4$3*#&%
%3*&% 0 &/463& " 1&3'&$5 4&"- %3"8 61 4&"- /654 5*()5
9$&15 */ " 4)*1:"3% 03 0/ &95&/%&% "7"*-"#*-*5: 8)&3&
5&.103"3: 7&/5*-"5*0/ *4 1307*%&% $)"3(*/( 4)"-- /05
#& %0/& 6/5*- 5)& 7&/5*-"5*0/ 4:45&. )"4 #&&/ $0.<
&-- 3&1"*34 '03 ! 0% #"55&3*&4 1-&5&-: */45"--&% "/% 5&45&% '03 "*3 26"/5*5: "/% %*4<
4)06-% #& 1&3'03.&% #: 5)& ."/6'"$563&3 53*#65*0/ /: %&7*"5*0/ *4 50 #& 53&"5&% "4 "/ &.&3<
0/-: (&/$: )& .*/*.6. 3&26*3&.&/54 '03 5&.103"3:
#"55&3: 7&/5*-"5*0/ 8)&/ $)"3(*/( "4 4&5 '035) */ 4&$<

03 < 5*0/
4)"-- #& .&5

"/% ! 0% $&--4 -": "/ &-0/("5&%
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8*5) 5)& 30--4 07&3-"11*/( "5 5)& $03/&34 */ 5)& $-0$,< '30. 5)& 16.1 5)306() 5)& $07&3 )&3& "3& */45"/$&4
8*4& %*3&$5*0/ */ "/ 6/%&307&3 '"4)*0/ &"5 5)& 4&"-< 8)&3& 5)*4 *4 /05 1044*#-&

S9086-G1-STM-010/CH-223V1R2
223-7.2.2.1Alternative Methods 1 , *2#0,2'4# 223-7.2.3.2Procedure for Application by Brushing

1.#!'* 23 # '1 31#" &# -22-+ -$ 2&# 23 # '1 2&# 0#.0# 1-*32'-, 7 "'*32',%
%0+1 % -$ 7*-$$
1+# 32 2&# 2-. '1 #620 *-,% ," 5'** %- 2- 2&# &-*#
5'2& ..0-6'+2#*7
+'**'*'2#01 +* -$ 2-*3#,#
-, 2&# -2&#0 1'"# -$ 2&# !-4#0 5&#0# 2&# '0 5'** # $#" 031& ',1'"# 130$!# -$ "-+# 5'2& -,#2&'0" -$ 2&#
2- 2&# .3+. '%30#

&'1 23 # '1 31#" 1-*32'-, '+'*0*7 ..*7 -,#2&'0" -$ 1-*32'-, 2-

5&#0# 2&# !0-11-4#01 0# 1- !*-1# 2- 2&# 2-. -$ 2&# !#** -321'"# ," 031& 2&# ',1'"# %', 5'2& 2&# $',* 2&'0"
2&2 2&#0# '1 ,-2 #,-3%& 0--+ $-0 2&# %'22'-, .*3% *!# 00#12#0 -.#, #," "-5, -, &-0'8-,2* "07',%
,-2&#0 ',12,!# '1 5&#0# 2&# -11 '1 0-)#, $0-+ 0!) ," "07 ', +#!&,'!* !-,4#!2'-, -4#, 2
2&# -22-+ -$ 2&# !-4#0 $2#0 2&# (0 ," !-4#0 &4# $-0 2 *#12 -,# &-30 1 2&# "-+# 5'** 1-0
##, ',12**#" ', 2&# 1&'. "3++7 .*3% ," %1)#2 ** -0 +-12 -$ 2&# 1-*32'-, "0',',% #$-0# -4#, "079
0# 31#" -, 2&# 0-)#, -11 &# -.#,',% -, 2&# -2&9 ',% '1 %#,#0**7 ,-2 ,#!#1107 &# ',"'!2#" 5#'%&2 -$
#0 1'"# -$ 2&# !-4#0 '1 2&#, 31#" $-0 2&# %'22'-, 1719 1'*'!-,# 0#1', 5'** .0-"3!# "0'#" !-2',% -$ ..0-6'9
2#+ &'1 !-,$'%302'-, "-#1 ,-2 ..*7 2- 9 +2#*7
% #!&,'/3#1 ," "'*32'-, 02'-1 1&-3*" #
1',!# 25- .3+.1 0# 31#" "(312#" 2- - 2', #25##, % ," % -$ "0'#" !-2',%
.#0 "-+#
223-7.2.3TREATING FLASH ARRESTERS FOR
WATER REPELLENCY *1& 00#12#01 2&2 !,,-2
.11 2&# 5#2 .0#1130# "0-. 2#12 .0%0.& 223-7.2.3.3Procedure for Application by Dipping

.0- *7 &4# *-12 2&#'0 ,-,5#22',% -0 2#. 712#. "'..',% .0-!#"30#1 0# .0-4'"#" ',
52#00#.#**#,2 !&0!2#0'12'! &'1 .0-.#027 !, # ',2#,,!# #/3'0#+#,2 0"
0#12-0#" '$ 2&# $*1& 00#12#0 '1 !*#,#" .0%0.& 0#.0# 1-*32'-, ', *0%#0 /3,2'27 32 ', 2&# 1+#

," 2&#, 20#2#" !!-0"',% 2- .0-!#9 02'- 1 $-0 031&',% -*32'-, 120#,%2& +7 ,##" 2-
"30# -32*',#" ', .0%0.&1

," # ',!0#1#" 2- - 2', $0-+ % 2- % -$ "0'#" !-2',%

-0

2#12 2- "#2#0+',# "#9 -, #!& 00#12#0 '. 00#12#0 ', 1-*32'-, ," .*!#
/3!7 -$ 2&# 20#2+#,2 '1 -32*',#" ', .0%0.& -.#, #," "-5, -, &-0'8-,2* "0',',% 0!) 3,2'*

+-12 -$ #6!#11 1-*32'-, &1 "0',#" 57 -32 $'4#
+',32#1 *!# 00#12#0 -.#,#," "-5, -, &-0'9
223-7.2.3.1Materials and Equipment &# $-**-59 8-,2* "07',% 0!) ', +#!&,'!* !-,4#!2'-, -4#, 2
',% +2#0'*1 ," #/3'.+#,2 0# 0#/3'0#" 2- 20#2 $-0 2 *#12 -,# &-30
$*1& 00#12#01 $-0 52#0 0#.#**#,!7
-5-0,',% -0.-02'-, 7*-$$
0#9 223-7.2.3.4Pressure Drop Measurement 3 (#!2
.*!#1
1'*'!-,# 0#1', 20#2#" 00#12#0 2- 5#2 .0#1130# "0-. 2#12 -32*',#"
', .0%0.&

1## '%30#

$ 0#9
4#, +#!&,'!* !-,4#!2'-,
13*2,2 .0#1130# "0-. '1 %0#2#0 2&, !!#.2 *# 0#9
! 031& -0 "'. 2,) .#2 -4#, "07',% "#1!0' #" ', .0%0.&

$ 2&# 5#2 .0#1130# "0-. 4*3# 12'** #6!##"1 2&# **-59
" 0',',% ," )',% 0!)1
*# +6'+3+ #6!#11'4# "'02 -0 1'*'!-,# 0#1', '1 ',"'9
# -*3#,# 1-*4#,2 !2#" ," 2&# 00#12#0 1&-3*" # "'1!0"#"

S9086-G1-STM-010/CH-223V1R2
Figure 223-33.Alternative Method for Agitation Air Supply Tube
223-7.2.3.5Silicone Resin Cure Test %- ,&3 223-7.2.4.1Battery Replacement Scheduling

)% ( (' +(& " %(- ( -+- %," ++,-+, ,"(.% '(-# # 0%% #' /' '(- %,,
-"- "/ ,.,, .%%2 ),, -" )+,,.+ +() -,- -"' ,#1 &('-", ( -" )+#- --+2 +)%&'-
+$ -" (& ( -" ,%- ,&)% #'-( ,&%% - ,( -"- -#& 0#%% & /#%% (+ +)%3
)#, ' )% -( ! ,&)% ( -" )#, #' &'- -$#'! #'-( (.'- -" .-.+ ()+-#(', '
&% $+ #%% 0#-" &% ( ,)# # (/+".% ,".% ( -" ,.&+#' "#, #, )+-#.3
!+/#-2 ,.% .+# # (/+ $+ ' "- -
%+%2 #&)(+-'- 0"' -" #',-%% --+2 #, (',#3
(+ -0( "(.+, +$ # %/% - !#''#'! + #')% ( %,-#'! .'-#% -" '1- ,".% +3
( -,- ' &#'-#' -"#, %/% -"+(.!"(.- -,- 2 3 )%&'-
#'! 0-+ ((% ' 1&#' ,(%.-#(' (+ )+,3
223-7.2.4.2Replacement Battery "' --+2 +3
' ( ,#%# 012 !%-#'(., 0"#- &-+#%
)%&'- #, ))+(/ 2 -" -2) (&&'+ '
0"#" %(-, " )+,' ( ,#%# #'#-, -"- -"
-" +)%&'- --+2 #'%.#'! ,)+
,#%#(' +,#' ", '(- ' )+()+%2 .+ ' -" .+3
%%,
#'! )+(.+ ,"(.% +)- (' -" %(- ( ++,-3
+, ,(' ,%- ,&)% #%, -( ),, -,- -"
%(- ,"%% #,+
223-7.2.4BATTERY REPLACEMENT RESPONĆ
SIBILITY " (+ (&&'+ #, +,)(',#% (+
'(-# 2#'! -" /% 2,-&, (&&' 3
/# -" "#' ( (&&' 0"' -" --+2 +3
*.#+, +)%&'-

'$ !& " %& ##$&'% "$ & $%%'$ $"# %&

S9086-G1-STM-010/CH-223V1R2
<.11 '* 574;.)*) #-* .389&11.3, &(9.;.9> 8-4:1) 7*6:.@ ( &.39 &(.)7*8.89.3, ##$ $&73.8-
8.9.43 3**)*) 2.8(*11&3*4:8 2&9*7.&1 8** 5&7&,7&5-8 85-&19

9-74:,-

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+
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9-* '&99*7> .8 94 '* 7*51&(*) <-.1* 9-* 8-.5 .8 .3 )7>
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223-7.2.4.3Replacement Cells $" -&8 574@ * &99*7> 8*&1.3, (4254:3)

(:7*) &3) 894(0*) 7*51&(*2*39 '&99*7.*8 '&8*) 43 &3 4254:3) &99*7>"*&1.3, *97.(
*89.2&9*) *=5.7&9.43 4+ :8*+:1 '&99*7> 1.+* #-* 574@ + #&5* .38:1&9.3, 7:''*7
,7&2 .8 8:'/*(9 94 24).+.(&9.43 +742 9.2* 94 9.2* &8
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7.3*8 #-*8* 7*51&(*2*39 '&99*7.*8 &7* 8947*) &9 8:5@ ).:2 '.(&7'43&9* &3) 5749*(9.;* &3) +.789&.) 8:5@
51> (*39*78 &3) &;&1 8-.5>&7)8 #-*8* '&99*7.*8 <.11 51.*8
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.*8 8947*) &9 8:551> (*39*78 & 82&11 3:2'*7 4+ 8:(- % Wire, Electrical, Silicone Rubber
(*118 &7* &184 8947*) &9 49-*7 &;&1 8:'2&7.3* &(9.;.@ 38:1&9*)
$4198 9>5*8
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8&2* <&> #-*8* .9*28 &7* :3)*7 9-* (4,3.?&3(* 4+
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9-* "-.58 &798 439741 *39*7 " &3) 9-* *@
(47) '440 $"
"
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223-7.2.4.4Materials Required #-* 7*6:.7*) 2&@ (47) '440 8-4:1) .3(1:)* 9-* +.11.3, &3) .3.9.&1 (-&7,@
9*7.&18 49-*7 9-&3 9-48* 349*) .3 5&7&,7&5- .3, )&9& #4 4'9&.3 & '&99*7> 7*(47) '440 $"

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'1&30

S9086-G1-STM-010/CH-223V1R2
SECTION 8.
OVERHAUL
223-8.1 BATTERY OVERHAUL circuit or on auxiliary load. Open circuit is preferable,

and is required if the idle period is to be longer than
223-8.1.1 BATTERY REPLACEMENT. The reĆ
six weeks. Consult Section 3 for routine to be folĆ
placement of submarine main storage batteries is not
lowed during overhaul.
usually scheduled to coincide with ship overhaul. BatĆ
tery replacement instructions concerning assembly, 223-8.1.3.1 Capacity Test Discharge Prior to OverĆ
accessory equipment, preparation, operation, venĆ haul. Within the two month period of operation preĆ
tilation and installation are covered in the first four ceding a major overhaul, conduct a capacity test disĆ
sections of this volume. When the battery is not being charge (paragraph 223-5.5.4). Report the capacity
replaced during a regularly scheduled overhaul, the obtained to the Naval Sea Systems Command (NAVĆ
battery and all auxiliary equipment and accessories SEA) via an addendum to the Quarterly Battery ReĆ
should be thoroughly checked by ship's force instead, port and forward all pertinent discharge data to the
to ensure that they are capable of safe and efficient manufacturer. Include copies of the recorded individĆ
operation. The material condition of a retained batĆ ual cell readings on the equalizing charges conducted
tery is to be maintained at the normal ship operations during the two months before the test and the equalĆ
level, not as if it were new. izing charge immediately following it.
223-8.1.2 WHEN REPLACING BATTERIES
DURING OVERHAUL. Since prolonged inactivity 223-8.1.3.2 Required Charging During Overhaul.
reduces battery life, inactive periods should be kept Give the battery an equalizing charge (paragraphs
to a minimum, as follows: 223-3.2.4 and 223-3.2.8) at the start of the overhaul
period and place the battery on open circuit.
a. Plan, especially for extended overhauls, to
maintain the existing battery in place as long as posĆ 223-8.1.3.3 Scheduling Charges During Overhaul.
sible, installing the new replacement battery within Prepare a schedule of dates for conducting equalizing
six months or less of the end of overhaul. charges (paragraph 223-3.6.4) at six-month interĆ
vals for lead-calcium batteries. If shipyard work will
b. Do not wet down a new battery to be used as
prevent the conducting of the charge on schedule,
a replacement until just prior to installation.
conduct the charge before this work starts, reducing
223-8.1.3 CARE BEFORE AND DURING OVERĆ the minimum ampere-hour (Ah) of charge as reĆ
HAUL. Wet batteries that have been in active service quired by Section 3. Except in an emergency, the periĆ
and are not to be used for a significant period should od between charges shall never exceed seven months.
be given an equalizing charge immediately prior to If shipyard work takes longer, temporary ventilation,
the start of the idle period. Following that equalizing agitation and charging systems must be provided as
charge, the battery may be maintained either on open necessary to support the
187
S9086-G1-STM-010/CH-223V1R2
#(!2'% & !4 !.9 4)-% $52).' 4(% ).!#4)6% 0%2)/$ -)3: 223-8.2.3SHUNTS ,, 3(5.43 3(/5,$ "% 2%-/6%$
#%,,!.%/53 $)3#(!2'%3 #!53% 4(% 30%#)&)# '2!6)49 4/ &!,, !.$ 4(%)2 2%3)34!.#% /2 -),,)6/,4 $2/0 %,%#42)#!,,9
"%,/7 4(% 6!,5% 30%#)&)%$ ). 4(% "!44%29 3%26)#% -!.5: #(%#+%$ !'!).34 4(%)2 2!4%$ 6!,5%3 ). 4(% -%4%2 3(/0
!, 4(% 30%#)&)%$ #(!2'% 3(/5,$ "% ')6%. !.$ ! .%7 %&%#4)6% 3(5.43 3(/5,$ "% 2%0!)2%$ /2 2%0,!#%$
3#(%$5,% %34!",)3(%$
223-8.1.3.4Trickle-Discharge Current RegulaĆ 223-8.2.4ICV MONITOR (ICVM) SYSTEM
tion !+% #%24!). 4(!4 4(% -/4/2 '%.%2!4/2 30%%$ PLUG-IN BOARD ,5'3 *!#+3 !.$ 7)2%3 3(/5,$ "%
!.$ 6/,4!'% 2%'5,!4/23 !2% /0%2!4).' #/22%#4,9 4/ %.: #(%#+%$ &/2 %8#%33)6% 7%!2 !.$ 2%0,!#%$ !3 2%15)2%$
352% 4(!4 4(% 42)#+,%$)3#(!2'% 0!2!'2!0( (% 0!.%, 3(/5,$ "% #,%!.%$ !.$ !,, #/..%#4)/.3
)3 -!).4!).%$ $52).' ()'( 42!.3)4 /& 4)'(4%.%$ /!2$ #/..%#4/23 3(/5,$ "% #,%!.%$ !.$
,/!$3 /. 4(% -!). 3()03 3%26)#% %,%#42)#!, 0/7%2 393: 4)'(4%.%$ !.%, "/!2$ 3(/5,$ "% #(%#+%$ &/2 02/0%2
4%- /0%2!4)/. !.$ !##52!#9 02)/2 4/ 4(% &)234 #(!2'% !&4%2
#/-0,%4)/. /& 7/2+
223-8.2BATTERY ELECTRICAL SYSTEM
223-8.2.1METERS ,, %,%#42)#!, -%4%23 3(!,, "% 223-8.2.5INTERCELL CONNECTORS, QUICK
#(%#+%$ !.$ 2%#!,)"2!4%$ "9 4(% /6%2(!5, /2 ).34!,,).' DISCONNECTS AND END-OF-ROW CROSSĆ
&!#),)49 -%4%2 3(/0 0%23/..%, (%3% ).#,5$% OVERS (%#+ ).30%#4 !.$ #,%!. ).4%2#%,, #/..%#:
! /4!, "!44%29 !.$ ).$)6)$5!, #%,, 6/,4-%4%23 4/23 "!44%29 15)#+ $)3#/..%#43 !.$ #2/33/6%23 !3 &/,:
,/73
" --%4%23
# -0%2%(/52 -%4%23 ! .4%2#%,, /..%#4/23 .30%#4 !.$ #,%!. #/.:
4!#4 !2%! /& "53 7/2+ & #/00%2 3(/73 4(2/5'( 2%:
$ 2/5.$ $%4%#4/2 /(--%4%2
0,!4% 7)4( ,%!$ /2 3),6%2 0!2!'2!0(

& !--%4%2 2%#!,)"2!4)/. #!../4 02/6)$% !##52!#9 7(%2% .%#%33!29 )'(4%. !,, ).4%2#%,, #/..%#4/2 .543
/6%2 4(% %.4)2% 3#!,% !.$ 2%0,!#%-%.4 !--%4%23 !2% !.$ "/,43 4/ ! 4/215% /& 4/
.%74/.-%4%23
./4 !6!),!",% 2%#!,)"2!4% !##52!4%,9 &/2 02%3#2)"%$ 4/ ).#(0/5.$3 0!2!'2!0(

&).)3().' 2!4% /& #(!2'% &/2 4(% "!44%29 0/. 2%).:
34!,,!4)/. !.$ 02)/2 4/ #/-0,%4)/. /& /6%2(!5, !,, -%: " 5)#+ $)3#/..%#43 .30%#4 !.$ #,%!. 4(% /0:
4%23 3(/5,$ "% #(%#+%$ &/2 #!,)"2!4)/. ). 0,!#% %2!4).' -%#(!.)3- 5"2)#!4% !3 .%#%33!29 .30%#4
223-8.2.2LEADS AND FUSES ,, %,%#42)#!, -%4%2 $)3#/..%#4 &/2 02/0%2 "53 "!2 !,)'.-%.4 !.$ ,).% #/.:
,%!$3 3(/5,$ "% #(%#+%$ &/2 #/.4).5)49 !.$ #/..%#: 4!#4
4)/.3 (%9 3(/5,$ "% #,%!.%$ !.$ 4)'(4%.%$ .9
&2!9%$ "2/+%. /2 "!$,9 7/2. ,%!$3 3(/5,$ "% 2%0!)2%$ # .$/&/7 2/33/6%2 .30%#4 !.$ #,%!.
/2 2%0,!#%$ ,, &53%3 3(/5,$ "% #(%#+%$ !.$ $%&%#4)6% #/.4!#4 !2%! /& "53 7/2+ & #/00%2 3(/73 4(2/5'( 2%:
/.%3 2%0,!#%$ 53% "/8%3 ).,).% &53% (/,$%23 !.$ 0,!4% 7(%2% .%#%33!29 3)-),!2 4/ ! !"/6% ()3 "53:
0,5'). 0!.%, #/.4!#43 3(/5,$ "% #,%!.%$ !.$ 4)'(4: 3).' )3 ).35,!4%$ 53).' 0,!34)3/, /2 "9 72!00).' 7)4(
%.%$ -)#! /2 ',!33 4!0% /2 "/4( #/!4%$ 7)4( !.

S9086-G1-STM-010/CH-223V1R2
(-24+ 3$# 5 1-(2' '$"* -# 1$(-24+ 3$ 2 .43+(-$# (-
%1., 3 +$ 23 "$++2 (- 3'$ ! 33$18 6$++ 3.

/ 1 &1 /'

.5$1-,$-3 + !.1 3.18 %.1 ".,/+$3$ 2/$"31.
- +82(2 ,+ %(5$ .4-"$ 2 ,/+$ .% 6 3$1 %1.,
223-8.2.6HIGH RESISTANCE TERMINAL
$ "' 1$#(23(++(-& /+ -3 (- ##(3(.- 3. ,+ %(5$
CHECK - ++ (-23 ++ 3(.-2 .% ! 33$1($2 3. !$ 1$:
.4-"$ 2 ,/+$ .% 6 3$1 3' 3 ' 2 / 22$# 3'1.4&' 3'$
3 (-$# 5(24 ++8 "'$"* 3$1,(- +2 %.1 $5(#$-"$ .% '(&'
(.- $7"' -&$12 2' ++ !$ 24!,(33$# %.1 - +82(2 '$
3$,/$1 341$ .1 1"(-& 24"' 2 ,$+3$# (-24+ 3(.- -#
- +82(2 2' ++ 2'.6 3'$ /$1"$-3 &$ .% $ "' .% 3'$ (,:
/+ 23(" 2$ + -432 $/.13 #$%("($-"($2 3.
/41(3($2 +(23$# (- !+$
-# !+$

223-8.2.7BATTERY CABLE CHECKS 33$18
" !+$2 2'.4+# !$ &(5$- "+.2$ 5(24 + (-2/$"3(.- %.1 2 3: 223-8.3.2ION EXCHANGERS $-$6 $7"' -&$
(2% "3.18 ".-#(3(.-2 2 %.++.62 1$2(- 3. 1$23.1$ (32 /41(%8(-& !(+(38 / 1 &1 /'

WARNING
223-8.3.3BATTERY WATER '(/2 #$,(-$1 +(9$#
.,/.-$-3 2' ++ !$ #$$-$1&(9$# -# /1./: 6 3$1 24//+8 2' ++ !$ "'$"*$# !8 ,$ -2 .% 3'$
$1+8 3 &&$# .43 /1(.1 3. (-2/$"3(.- 2(+5$1-(31 3$ 3$23 / 1 &1 /'

!+$2 2' ++ !$ 3$23$# -# (-2/$"3$# 42(-& 223-8.3.4ELECTROLYTE LEVEL GAUGE
3'$ &4(#$+(-$2 -# /1."$#41$2 .43+(-$# (- NSTM '$"* $+$"31.+83$ +$5$+ & 4&$ %.1 /1./$1 -.1, + .1
Chapter 300, Electric Plant General, $"3(.- 9$1. 2$33(-& 2 2'.6- (- 3'$ ! 33$18 2$15("$ , -4 +
! !+$2 2' ++ ,$$3 3'$ ""$/3 -"$ 1$04(1$:
,$-32 .% NSTM Chapter 300, Electric Plant General, 223-8.3.5WATERING GUNS . /1$5$-3 .5$16 :
$"3(.- 3$1(-& / 1 &1 /'
"'$"* 6 3$1(-& &4-2

%.1 /1./$1 ./$1 3(.-
" 5(#$-"$ .% .5$1'$ 3(-& "' %(-& -# %1 8$#
.1 "'(//$# (-24+ 3(.- (2 -.3 ""$/3 !+$ 223-8.3.6THERMOMETERS ++ 3'$1,.,$3$12
2'.4+# !$ "'$"*$# %.1 ""41 "8 & (-23 *-.6- 23 -:
# ..2$ $+$"31(" + .1 ,$"' -(" + ".--$"3(.-2
# 1# 2$ .% ,$1"418(-&+ 22 3'$1,.,$3$12 (2
1$ -.3 ""$/3 !+$
/1.'(!(3$# (- 24!, 1(-$2
$ , &$# 2'$ 3'2 1$ -.3 ""$/3 !+$
223-8.3.7HYDROMETERS '$"* ++ '8#1.,$:
223-8.3BATTERY WATER, ELECTROLYTE AND
3$12 (- "".1# -"$ 6(3' 2$"3(.-
'$"*
RELATED SYSTEMS
%+. 32 %.1 "1 "*2 .1 !1.*$- -(!2 '$"* 3' 3 3'$ / /$1
223-8.3.1ANALYSIS - ELECTROLYTE AND WAĆ 2" +$ (-2(#$ 3'$ %+. 3 23$, ' 2 -.3 !$$- ) 11$# .43 .%
TER 4!,(3 $+$"31.+83$ 2 ,/+$2 / 1 &1 /' /.2(3(.- ++ $+$"31.+83$ #1 6- 4/ (- 3'$

S9086-G1-STM-010/CH-223V1R2
hydrometer barrel should be replaced in the cell from and dropped back in place (paragraph 223-2.11.6).
which it was taken (section 223-6.4.4.1, paragraph Loose wedges shall be replaced or tightened with fillĆ
b). Any spilled acid should be immediately cleaned er wedges.
from the top cover of the cell, the compound seal and
223-8.4.2.3 Cell Jars and Covers. Visually examine
the perimeter of the jar.
cell jars, covers and sealing compound for cracks. ReĆ
223-8.3.8 ELECTROLYTE AGITATION SYSTEM. place as necessary per Section 7.
The electrolyte agitation system is a primary system 223-8.4.2.4 Air Pressure Test. Any new cell to be
for all battery types and must be operational at all installed must pass the air-test at seven kilo-Pascals
times regardless of the battery routine. See paragraph (kPa) (1 lb/in2) for one minute (paragraph
223-5.4 for system functional check, routine mainteĆ 223-2.11.4.1).
nance and operational requirements during mainteĆ
nance. 223-8.4.2.5 Dielectric Test. Any new cell to be
installed must pass the dielectric test (paragraph
223-8.4 BATTERY INSTALLATION 223-2.11.4.3).
223-8.4.1 REPLACEMENT BATTERY. If the batĆ 223-8.4.3 GROUND RESISTANCE CHECK. Prior
tery is to be replaced, follow installation procedures to completion of overhaul and subsequent to comĆ
as outlined in Section 2, the applicable manufacturĆ pleted battery installation, check the battery for
er's service manual and shipyard procedures. If the grounds (paragraphs 223-6.6.1 through 223-6.7.9).
battery is to be replaced while the ship is in dry dock,
223-8.5 VENTILATION
wedging should be rechecked after refloating.
223-8.5.1 VENTILATION SYSTEM. Ensure that
223-8.4.2 INSTALLED BATTERY RETAINED. In ventilation system meets requirements of Section 4.
instances where the installed battery is being reĆ See that all ducts are clean and free from corrosion
tained, sections 223-8.2.6 and 223-8.4.2.1 through and that all valves, dampers and blower impellers are
223-8.4.3 are pertinent. The material condition of a in proper operating condition and mounted in the
retained battery is to be maintained at the normal proper direction. Ascertain that impellers are
ship operations level, not as if it were new. installed correctly and that valves and dampers do not
223-8.4.2.1 Battery Tank. Check the battery tank leak.
for condition of exposed lining, paint, insulation and 223-8.5.2 HYDROGEN SURVEY. Conduct a comĆ
similar items, and repair and refurbish where possible plete set of battery compartment ventilation system
(paragraph 223-2.11.10). tests per paragraph 223-4.6.
223-8.4.2.2 Wedges. Check battery well wedges for 223-8.5.3 HYDROGEN DETECTORS. To ensure
any loosening. Wedges should not be able to be lifted that hydrogen detectors provide accurate read-
190
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e. Station a fire watch in the well at all times ary of the well, a fire watch must be stationed in the
when hot work is being performed at the well boundĆ well.
ary. Have insulated carbon dioxide (CO2) extinguishĆ
ers at hand for minor fires.
To avoid short circuiting the battery, never
. A battery fire is nearly always preceded by a hyĆ use an uninsulated fire extinguisher in the
drogen explosion. Great care is required in fighting battery well Insulated extinguishers are reĆ
such a fire to avoid creating another explosion. quired for use by fire watch personnel when
a. For some submarine classes, a battery well hot work is performed on the boundary of
fire could cause excessive heating of the well overĆ the well or to protect against a minor fire
head, which forms the weapons space deck. TemperaĆ when conditions prohibit isolation of the
tures must be closely watched and the weapons cooled well, that is, during various stages of overĆ
by water or jettisoned, if necessary. Further guidance haul.
is contained in Section 6 of the Damage Control
Books, in the subsection entitled Torpedo or Mine c. It is not always possible to isolate the battery
System Fire. well during various stages of overhaul. Fire protection
for a minor fire under those conditions must be proĆ
vided by insulated CO2 fire extinguishers in order to
avoid battery short circuiting and electrical shock to
NEVER attempt to extinguish a battery
personnel. Two insulated CO2 fire extinguishers are
fire by pouring water on the battery; the hyĆ
to be maintained near the battery well for this purĆ
drogen and oxygen generated by electrolytĆ
pose. For procedure used to insulate fire extinguishĆ
ic currents could produce a violent exploĆ
ers, see paragraph 223-9.3.3.
sion.

b. Firefighting shall be in accordance with
%!(+") &)"#&$%+&'$%&(*. For all Do not pour water into concentrated sulfuĆ
submarines operating at sea, the safest and most efĆ ric acid. The heat generated will cause a viĆ
fective method available for fighting a battery well olent reaction. Sulfuric acid is highly corroĆ
fire is through oxygen starvation. Securing the well sive. Neutralize with sodium bicarbonate
and stopping all ventilation within (including the batĆ and wash up spillage immediately with waĆ
tery air agitation system) can deprive the flames of oxĆ ter from the ship's demineralized (DI) waĆ
ygen. During routine maintenance operations (at sea ter header. Wear suitable protection when
or in port) when hot work is performed on the boundĆ handling acid.
194
S9086-G1-STM-010/CH-223V1R2
223-9.2.4PRECAUTIONS IN HANDLING ACID +" "#)2%# 0&,4#/ 4'1&'+ #06 /#!& ,$ -#/0,+ 4&,
AND ELECTROLYTE &# !,+!#+1/1#" 02)$2/'! &0 ##+ 2/+#" ,/ 1#*-,//')6 )'+"#" 6 !,+!#+8
!'" 20#" $,/ *('+% #)#!1/,)61# !+ !20# -'+$2) +" 1/1#" !'" ,/ #)#!1/,)61# $ + !!'"#+1 ,!!2/0 '+ /#8
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&#+ &+")'+% #'8 223-9.2.5ELECTRICAL PRECAUTIONS &#
1&#/ !'" ,/ #)#!1/,)61# -#/0,++#) 0&)) )460 4#/ 11#/'#0 '+ *,"#/+ 02 */'+# !+ /#)#0# 2- 1,
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!!,/"+!# 4'1& -/%/-&
$')2/# '+ 1&# #)#!1/'!) #.2'-*#+1 ,/ !'/!2'10 1&1 /#8
223-9.2.4.1Treatment of Acid Burns Aboard Ship )#0#0 1&'0 #+#/%6 4'1&,21 "'/#!1',+ *6 !20# #58
and at Shore Facilities 1/#*#)6 /-'" &#1'+% *#)1'+% ,$ !,+"2!1,/0 +"
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S9086-G1-STM-010/CH-223V1R2
CO2 absorbent in the manner prescribed by NSTM not attempt to reduce hull pressure while a battery is
Chapter 510, Ventilating, Heating, and Air-CondiĆ on charge. The battery must first be placed on zero
tioning Systems for Surface Ships. float or on a low rate of discharge.
223-9.2.8 PROCEDURE AND PRECAUTIONS IN 223-9.2.9 PROCEDURE AND PRECAUTIONS
REDUCING SUBMARINE BATTERY COMPARTĆ FOR TESTING BATTERY COMPARTMENT. PreĆ
MENT AMBIENT PRESSURE. The gas contained in pare and test battery compartments as follows:
a submarine battery cell is mostly hydrogen. If a batĆ
tery compartment is pressurized (for example, by an 1. Begin hydrogen detector operation 20 minĆ
air pressure compartment test or by leakage of high- utes in advance of the test. On ships where the sensing
pressure air), the hydrogen in the battery cells is comĆ element of the hydrogen detector is located outside
pressed and diluted with air to a concentration deĆ the compartment to be tested, special arrangements
pending on the absolute values of the initial and final shall be made to monitor hydrogen in the battery
pressures. In any practical case, the air dilution is not compartment.
sufficient to reduce the hydrogen concentration to
the prescribed maximum concentration of three perĆ 2. Operate the battery ventilation system on
cent. On the subsequent depressurization of the high speed for at least 20 minutes in advance of the
compartment, the air-hydrogen mixture will be reĆ test.
leased from the battery at a rate proportionate to the
rate of pressure reduction. The rate of hydrogen 3. Just prior to starting a test, line up the batĆ
evolution must therefore, be controlled so that hydroĆ tery ventilation for emergency recirculation. MainĆ
gen concentration never exceeds three percent at any tain ventilation in this manner until normal ventilaĆ
point in the system. tion can be restored after the test.
a. The precautions and procedures in this secĆ 4. Operate the battery tank recircuiting fans on
tion compensate for the known factors that could conĆ all ships where such fans are required by plan.
tribute to the hydrogen hazard in the course of reducĆ
ing pressure in submarine battery compartments. 5. During the pressure reduction, do not allow
They also provide for the welfare of personnel who the hydrogen concentration in the exhaust duct to exĆ
may be within the area under pressure. They are not ceed 1.5 percent at any time. If this limit is reached,
intended to conflict with existing instructions dealing maintain the existing pressure level by applying comĆ
with negative pressure during snorkel operation, but pressed air and simultaneously bleeding it off at the
are restricted to pressures more than 3.5 kilo-Pascals same rate. Continue ventilating in this manner until
(kPa)(0.5 lb/in2) above atmospheric pressure. The the hydrogen detector reading is below 1.0 percent
principle objective is to ensure a safe reduction in before proceeding with a gradual reduction in presĆ
pressure in the course of air tests or whenever a batĆ sure or any other stage of the test.
tery compartment has become pressurized for any
6. To prevent electrolyte carryover into the air
reason.
supply piping, ships using the ship's compressed air
b. As a general rule, avoid reducing pressure at supply for agitation are to close the shutoff valve and
a rate greater than 3.5 kPa (0.5 lb/in2) per minute. Do isolate the sys-
197

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S9086-G1-STM-010/CH-223V1R2
223-9.3.3INSULATION OF CO2 FIRE EXTINĆ ,*34&% *. NSTM Chapter 550, Industrial Gases; GenĆ
GUISHERS "2#/. %*/8*%& &84*.(5*3)&23 erating, Handling, and Storage.
3)/5,% #& *.35,"4&% "3 '/,,/73
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tion of Ships in Service (Surface Preparation and $". ",3/ #& 53&% '/2 $/.%5$4*6*49 -&"352&-&.43 '/2
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Battery
Activation, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.1.2
Characteristics, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.6, Table 223-2
Cleaning, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.5.1
Connections, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.7
Curves and data, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.6
Definition, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.4.12
Failure, cause of, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.1.1
Installations, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.3.1, 1.3.2
Instructions, cell, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.8.1
operation, construction, overhaul, extended availability, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.6
Phenomena, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.5.3
Purpose of, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.2.1
Ratings, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.5.8
Record book, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.5.6.4
Renewal scheduling, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.2.4.1
Replacement, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.1.1, 8.4.1
Routine maintenance, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.5.6
Storage, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.5-2.6
Tank, insulation of, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.11.10
Theory, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.1
Troubles, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.1.3
Uniformity, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.1.2.1
Working of, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.1.2.2
Care during inactive periods, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.1.2.9, 8.1.3
Classification, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.3
Binding strips, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.4.5
Burns (acid; electrolyte), . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.2.4.1
Busbars (taping of), . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.11.10.1
Cable ground resistance, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.7.3

Calculations, Ah output, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.5.13
Calendar life, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.1.2.3
Capacity
Additional Battery, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.5.12
AmpereĆhour, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.5.7
Check, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.5.4
Definition, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.5.7
Determination, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.5.13,
3.5.13.7-3.5.13.13
202

%$("$)
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Factors in determining, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.5.7.1
Low, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
6.3.3
Obtaining additional, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.5.12
Relation to specific gravity, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.5.5
Residual, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3.5.13
Test, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1.10.4, 3.5.15, 5.5.4,
8.1.3.1, 8.6.3
Variation with age, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.5.9
Cells
Care and Handling of, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.3.2.1
Care during inspection and handling, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.3.2.1
Component parts, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.4
Crating of, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.3.1
Definition, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.4.11
Filling of, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.10
High temperature, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.3.4, 6.4
ICV wiring, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.11.11
Initial cycling of, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.10
Installation in ship, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.10.1-2.10.3
Instructions for filling, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.10.1
Jars and covers, overhaul, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.4.2.3
Manufacturer's instructions, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.8.1
Posts and covers, cleaning, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.11.7, 5.5.1
Preparation of, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.8
Removal from shipping crates, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.11.3
Reversal of, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.5.5
Salting, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.5.2
Shipment of, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.3
Shipped dry, materials on hand, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.8.1.2
Soak time, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.10.2
Charge
After installation, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.12.2
Definition, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.2.1
Determining of state from specific gravity, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.5.4
Equalizing, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.3.2, 3.4.2.1
Equalizing prior to installation, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.10.5
Float, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.2.8
Freshening, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.7, 3.2.8, 3.3.3
Grounds during, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.4.5
Initial, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.10.3
Inspection during, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.4.4
Interruption of, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.10.3.1, 3.4.2.2
Normal, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.2.7
Normal plus one, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.2.8
Overcharge, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.2.8
Partial, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.2.9
Preparation for, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.4.2
Prolonged, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.5.3.2
Readings during, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.4.6
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Electrolyte
After salting, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.5.2.5-6.5.2.8
Agitation system, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.9.15, 5.4. 8.3.8
Analysis, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.9.2.6, 2.10.6, 5.5.5,
5.5.12, 8.3.1
Annual analysis of, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.5.5
Before filling of cells, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.9.2.5
Burns, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.2.4.1
Common impurities in, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.5
Contaminated by iron, nickel or copper, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.5.3
Definition of, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.4.7
Disposition of, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.9.3
Filling, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.9.2
Height changes, causes, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.5.3.6
Impurities in, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.5.5, 6.5
Instructions for mixing, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.9.2.7
Level gauge, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.9.10, 8.3.4
Loss of, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.4.4.1
Manganese in, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.5.4
Mixing, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.9.2.1, 2.9.2.7
Mixing tank for, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.9.2.4
Nitrates and nitrites in, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.5.5
Other contaminants in, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.5.2.4
Precautions in handling, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.2.4
Range of specific gravity of, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.3.4.10
Renewal, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.5.3.4
Rough test for chlorides in, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.5.2.4
Specific gravity, adjustment, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.10.3.2
Specifications for filling, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.9.2.5
Stratification, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.1.8, 3.2.9.2
Element Definition, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.4.6
Emergency battery ventilation, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.4
Equalizing Charge, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.2.8
Before installation, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.10.5
Interval between, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.3.2
Preparation for . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.4.2
Equipment Accessory, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.9
Equipment Needed for cell preparation, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.8.1.2
Equivalent cycles, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.10.2, 3.1.11
Evolved gases and liquids, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.5.3.3
206

&%)#%*
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Failed cells, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.1.2

Failure Acceleration of, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.1.1
Failure Action in case of, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.10.3
Failure Usual causes, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.1.1
Finishing rate of charge, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.2.6.3
Fires and explosions, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.2.2, 9.2.3
FlameĆProducing Apparatus, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.2.4
Flash arresters, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.9.14
Maintenance of, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.2.2
Sealing, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.11.4.2
Water repellency treatments, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.2.3
Float Charge, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.2.8
Freshening charge, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.7, 3.2.8, 3.3.3
Fuse, ICV, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.11.12
Gas evolution, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.5.3.3

Gassing in cells, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.5.3.3
Ground resistance
Auxiliary power, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.7.5
Battery section, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.7.9
Cable, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.7.3
Check, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.4.3
Connected equipment, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.7.4
Emergency Charge . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.4.5.1
General considerations, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.7
Lighting, emergency, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.7.4
Limiting values, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.7.2
Meters, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.9.16, 6.7.6
Safety, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.1.4.2, 6.7.9
Grounds . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.6-6.7
Battery, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.6
Clearing, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.7.7
Definition of, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.6.1
Detector voltmeter, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.9.1.3, 6.7.6
During charge, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.4.5
Hazards of, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.6.3.1
Locating, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.7.6
Guarantee, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.10, 5.1.2.3
207

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Silver nitrate test, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.3.2.1

Spare batteries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.8.1.4
Spare cells . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.8.1.3
Specific gravity, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.4.14
Correction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.10.3.2
Correction for temperature . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.1.6.2
Interpretation of corrected . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.1.7
Measurements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.1.6.1
Stibine Evolution, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.5.3.3, 1.3.1, 1.3.2
Storage
Acid, see Acid, handling
Charges and, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.7
Dry cell, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.5
Wet cell, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.6
Sulfation, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.2.9.2, 6.2
Sulfuric Acid, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.4.7, 1.5.2, 2.9.1,
2.9.2, 5.5.3.7., 9.2.4
Tank
Battery, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.11.2, 2.11.5, 2.11.10
Mixing, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.9.2.4
Tape, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.11.10.2
Temperature
Effects of, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.5.3.5
Limitations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.2.12, 3.5.10
Voltage Gassing (TVG), . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.2.5
Voltage Gassing (TVG), Calculation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.2.5
Voltage Gassing (TVG), Curve . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.2.5
Test
Air ventilation, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.12.1
Discharge prior to installation, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.10.4
Semiannual capacity, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.5.15
Kit, Battery, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Table 223-3
Thermometers, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.9.9
Torque Wrench, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.9.18
Trickle Charge, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.2.8
Trickle Discharge, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.5.4, 5.1.2.6
Tubing, heat reactive, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.11.10.4
TurnĆinĆdocuments (TID), . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.3
TwoĆohm load test, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.3.1.5
213

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NSTM Ch. 223 Vol. 1 Rev. 2 Submarine Storage Batteries PDF

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TABLE OF CONTENTS (Continued)

SECTION 2. SHIPPING, STORING, PREPARING AND

223-2.1 SHIPMENT AND STORAGE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27

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TABLE OF CONTENTS (Continued)

223-4.1.4.1 Air Supply for Battery Compartments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89

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TABLE OF CONTENTS (Continued)

SECTION 6. BATTERY TROUBLES AND REMEDIES

223-6.5.1 GENERAL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 164

TABLE OF CONTENTS (Continued)

SECTION 7. CELL REPAIRS

     

   $ "! 

TABLE OF CONTENTS (Continued)

SECTION 9. SAFETY PRECAUTIONS

    !   

  !    ! # ! 

  !  !   ! !

  

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  "2%" " $ "  #  "&$)           

 $$") $#$ $                                                

 "* $ "$%"#  #%%"  #%$#      

 $ " " " $")$ "                

 (% '  %"$) &#   # 

 (% '  %"$) &#  '$"             

 (% '  %"$) &#

 #  "&$) $ "$%" ""$                

  $ "$%"2&$2## $& $ 

 " &$ ""$ " $ "$%"            

 #$$  #" &# &$# & ' &$

 )" $"$ $# " $$")

 "  #  "&$)                                    

  $" "  )"$"#                       

  $"$#  #%%"  "!%" $ $ $#$

  $$") #" "$#                                     

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223-2.9.2.7Instructions for Mixing Electrolyte 223-2.10CELL FILLING AND INITIAL CYCLĆ

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