2. A
series
of
experiments
was
carried
out
to
determine
the
value
for
a
particular
quantity.
The
results
are
shown
on
the
table.
The
literature
value
of
this
quantity
is
47.0
J.
Which
experiment
produced
the
most
accurate
value?
Experiment
Value/J
1
45.276
2
48
3
44.2
4
49.57
3. State
the
number
of
significant
figures
for
each
of
the
following
numbers:
a. 2.78
b. 0.057
c. 0.003480
d. 3.95
x
104
e. 80.00
4. Round
each
of
the
following
numbers
to
three
significant
figures:
a. 6.7863
b. 0.000079835
c. 0.00499931
d. 8.2457
x
105
e. 1.78339
x
10-‐3
5. A
37.93
g
sample
of
zinc
displaces
water
in
a
graduated
cylinder
from
a
level
of
23.37
mL
to
28.69
mL.
Find
the
density
of
zinc,
expressing
the
answer
with
the
appropriate
number
of
significant
figures.
6. What
is
the
pH
of
an
aqueous
solution
when
the
concentration
of
hydrogen
ion
is
5.0
x
10-‐4
M?
7. What
is
the
[H+]
in
a
solution
with
a
pH
of
4.556?
8. Two
separate
experimental
methods
were
used
to
determine
the
value
of
a
particular
experimental
quantity.
Each
experiment
was
repeated
five
times.
The
values
obtained
from
these
experiments
are
shown
on
the
table.
Experiment
1
2
Trial
Value
Value
1
49.7
50.6
2
53.2
51.2
3
51.5
51.1
4
52.3
50.8
5
49.2
51.0
The
literature
value
for
this
quantity
is
50.9.
a. Explain
which
set
of
experimental
values
is
more
precise.
b. Work
out
a
mean
value
for
each
experiment
and
use
this
to
explain
which
set
of
data
is
more
accurate.