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Seweragedesign 121119104303 Phpapp01 PDF
Seweragedesign 121119104303 Phpapp01 PDF
Lateral sewer
minimum of 150mm diameter
receives the channel sewage from individual buildings to
another branch sewer, or directly to an on-site treatment
plant
Reticulation sewer
225mm to 300mm.
receives the channel sewage collected from groups of individual
properties to branch sewers
Branch sewers
300mm to 450mm diameter
receive the sewage from reticulation sewers and thereafter
transfers the flow to small sewage treatment plants, or to main
sewers
The depth of sewers is
1.2m below the ground surface.
invert depth – minimum of 1.2m
Velocities
minimum of 0.8 m/s
▪ self-cleansing
▪ prevents the sludge to settle in the pipelines
maximum is at 4.0 m/s
▪ prevent scouring of sewer by erosive action of suspended
matter.
The slope
1:200 to 1:25 in order to maintain the velocity.
Design should be:
Allow easy access for inspection and cleaning for the pipe
Made from durable structure,
cause minimum interference to the sewage flow.
minimum of 1.2 m in depth from the ground level
at least at 100m apart of each other for eases of maintenance
Gradients from 1: 40 to 1: 110 will should be use to give
normally give adequate flow velocities.
Located pipe
place for easy connection for future user
provide access for maintenance.
accomplished by placing them in streets or other rights-of-way.
number expressing the ratio of the sum of the pollution
load produced during 24 hours by industrial facilities
and services to the individual pollution load in
household sewage produced by one person in the same
time.
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
flow discharge, Qd depends on the pipe gradient and diameter
of the pipe.
Perimeter, P = 2 π r (4)
(6)
Manning
coefficient, n Material Manning coefficient, n
Concrete 0.013 ≤ n ≤ 0.015
Depend on the
Vitrified clay 0.013 ≤ n ≤ 0.015
selected pipe Cast iron 0.013 ≤ n ≤ 0.015
material Brick 0.015 ≤ n ≤ 0.017
Corrugated metal pipe 0.022 ≤ n ≤ 0.025
Asbestos cement 0.013 ≤ n ≤ 0.015
Earthern channel 0.025 ≤ n ≤ 0.030
Full flow velocity Vfull can be calculated from
the pipe discharge
4m/s > V (full flow) > 0.8 m/s
(7)
Manhole level
find by ground surface elevation
Sewer invert lower end = Gound surface elevation – fall in sewer (9)