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Amit M Shah
ANTIRETROVIRAL
DRUGS
INTRODUCTION
• Acquired Immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)
• Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)
• Retrovirus
• Two major forms:
HIV-1, the most prevalent worldwide, and
HIV-2, the most common in western Africa
NRTIs Raltegravir Protease
Enfuvertide
NNRTIs Inhibitors
Maraviroc NTRTIs
ANTIRETROVIRAL DRUGS
• Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors
(NRTIs): Zidovudine, Stavudine, Lamivudine,
Abacavir
• Non Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors
(NNRTIs): Efavirenz, Nevirapine, Delaviridine
• Nucleotide Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors
(NTRTIs): Tenofovir
• Protease Inhibitors (PIs): Saquinavir, Indinavir,
Nelfinavir, Fosamprenavir, Ritonavir, Lopinavir
• Entry/Fusion Inhibitors: Enfuvirtide, Maraviroc
• Integrase Inhibitor: Raltegravir
NRTIs
Zidovudine (ZDV), Stavudine (d4T), Lamivudine (3TC),
Abacavir (ABC), Emtricitabine (FTC), Didanosine (ddI)
• Incorporate themselves into the DNA of the virus
(competing with natural nucleotides) ⇒
Stopping the building process of transcription
from RNA to DNA ⇒ Incomplete DNA ⇒ No new
virus
• Block the HIV replication, block the infection of
new cells
• No effect on already infected cells