Mechanical Design of Machine Elements

Complete after watching Module 42: Randomly Varying Stresses and Miner’s Rule

Module 42 Example: Randomly Varying Stresses and Miner’s Rule

The varying, fluctuating stresses shown below are found at the critical location of a
component. The material is steel, the fully adjusted endurance limit is 30 ksi, the
ultimate strength is 120 ksi. f = 0.82.

What is the accumulative damage of this part?

What is the life of the part in hours if this stress pattern continues to repeat for the
remainder of the part’s life?

ksi
80

60

40
30

10
-5
-20

-40

-60

10 seconds

n sigma min sigma max sigma a sigma m

Where:
Cycle 1 2 -20 40 30 10
s max - s min
Cycle 2 1 -60 80 70 10 sa =
2
Cycle 3 2 -40 60 50 10 s + s min
s m = max
Cycle 4 1 -5 30 17.5 12.5
2
Mechanical Design of Machine Elements
Complete after watching Module 42: Randomly Varying Stresses and Miner’s Rule

Module 42 Example: Randomly Varying Stresses and Miner’s Rule

The varying, fluctuating stresses shown below are found at the critical location of a
component. The material is steel, the fully adjusted endurance limit is 30 ksi, the
ultimate strength is 120 ksi. f = 0.82.

What is the accumulative damage of this part?

What is the life of the part in hours if this stress pattern continues to repeat for the
remainder of the part’s life?

n sigma min sigma max sigma a sigma m

Cycle 1 2 -20 40 30 10

Cycle 2 1 -60 80 70 10

Cycle 3 2 -40 60 50 10

Cycle 4 1 -5 30 17.5 12.5

Before we can calculate the number of each type of cycle the part can withstand,
we need to find a and b.
( fS ut ) 2 [(0.82)(120)]2
a   322.8
Se 30
1  fS  1  (0.82)(120) 
b   log ut    log   0.17
3  Se  3  30 
The cycles are fluctuating, so to calculate the number of cycles, we need 𝜎𝑟𝑒𝑣_𝑒𝑞 .

a 30  
1
 32.7 
1
 0.17
 rev _ eq1 
b
  32.7 N1   rev     602900.1
m 10
1 1  a   322.8 
Sut 120
a 70  
1
 85.7 
1
 0.17
 rev _ eq 2 
b
  76.4 N 2   rev     4368.4
m 10
1 1  a   322.8 
Sut 120
Mechanical Design of Machine Elements
Complete after watching Module 42: Randomly Varying Stresses and Miner’s Rule

Module 42 Example: Randomly Varying Stresses and Miner’s Rule

The varying, fluctuating stresses shown below are found at the critical location of a
component. The material is steel, the fully adjusted endurance limit is 30 ksi, the
ultimate strength is 120 ksi. f = 0.82.

What is the accumulative damage of this part?

What is the life of the part in hours if this stress pattern continues to repeat for the
remainder of the part’s life?

n sigma min sigma max sigma a sigma m

Cycle 1 2 -20 40 30 10

Cycle 2 1 -60 80 70 10

Cycle 3 2 -40 60 50 10

Cycle 4 1 -5 30 17.5 12.5

a 50  
1
 32.7 
1
 0.17
 rev _ eq 3 
b
  54.5 N 3   rev     30910.9
 10
1 m 1  a   322.8 
Sut 120
a 17.5  
1
 19.5 
1
 0.17
 rev _ eq 4
b
   19.5 N 4   rev     12118951.2
m 12.5
1 1  a   322.8 
Sut 120

Then, we can calculate the accumulative damage, D.

ni 2 1 2 1
D      0.00030
N i 602900.1 4368.4 30910.9 
Since these cycles repeat every 10 seconds, we can use D to calculate the total life
of the part.
1 10 sec 1 min 1hr
time  * * *  9.35hrs
0.00030 1cycle 60 sec 60 min