Understanding Elements and Characteristics of Trends

UNIT Understanding Elements and
1 Characteristics of Trends
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n this unit, you will explore the meaning of trends and how they operate as forces for social
change in many communities and societies in the world today. Various trends, both micro and
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macro, operate as sources of change and development for individuals, organizations, and
institutions. Many of these trends shape tomorrow’s right before us. These trends are also
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products of humanity’s creative thinking. As human beings evolve, we become sophisticated
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and complex in our choices and decisions. We become knowledgeable and informed in our
daily actions. It takes a serious study to look at the patterns and trends of the choices and
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actions we make. Awareness of these trends, knowing their elements and characteristics, can
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propel the assertion of people’s collective identity, social responsibility, and global
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interconnectedness. As global citizens, you will need to respond and act on some of these
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trends as a necessary condition for engaged critical thinking.
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Learning Outcomes:
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Having worked through this unit, you should be better able to

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 define a trend and connect it to larger social issues;

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 explain the process of spotting a trend;


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point out the elements that make up a trend and how it differs from a fad; and
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 describe the different characteristics of a trend.

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Lesson 1
Understanding Elements and
Characteristics of Trends
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A pattern of gradual change in a condition, output, or process,

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or an average or general tendency of a series of data points to move

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in a certain direction over time, represented by a line or curve on a

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graph.
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A trend is a sequential pattern of change in recorded data. A

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change evidenced by a rise or fall of variables when measured

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between at least two points over time (Gordon, 2008).

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It is a way of doing new things individually or one society then

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followed by many people; it may become a daily routine or a

tradition.
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A trend has a big impact in our society and it have the capacity to
make a big changes in our lives.
A trend is a behavior or new way of doing things and it has a big

impact on our society. It is a sequential pattern of change in a
Trends, Networking, And Critical Thinking In the 21st Century Page 2 | 164
condition, output, or process, or an average or general tendency of
a series of data points to move in a certain direction over time,
represented by a line or curve on a graph.
MEGATRENDS AND MICROTRENDS
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Megatrends. They are a larger pattern of broad trends that
reshape and transform our lives. Megatrends entail a major
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restructing; they are a larger pattern of broad trends that reshape and
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transform our lives.
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Microtrends. It advocates localization as opposed to
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globalization, recognizing that people and communities have never
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been more sophisticated and more knowledgeable about the
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choices they make in their everyday lives.
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EXAMPLES OF TRENDS:
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Twitter – it lets you see what is happening around the world, from
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breaking news and entertainment, sports and politics to big events

and every day interests.
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Examples:
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Twitter is a free social networking microblogging service that allows

registered members to broadcast short posts called tweets. Twitter
members can broadcast tweets and follow other users' tweets by
using multiple platforms and devices.
Facebook – is the most common social network website where

you can share information about yourself and communicate with
other people.
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Facebook is a popular free social networking website that allows

registered users to create profiles, upload photos and video, send
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messages and keep in touch with friends, family and colleagues. The
site, which is available in 37 different languages, includes public
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features.
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Process of Identifying a Trend
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Trend analysis is the widespread practice of collecting
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information and attempting to spot a pattern in the information. It
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may used to predict future events or estimate uncertain events in the
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past.
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Trend Spotting is the identification of new trends or attempting

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to see the future. Trendspotting is attempting to see the future in the

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present (Rehn and Lindkvist, 2013). Being able to predict a trend is a

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valued skill for the global citizen. Trendspotting is sometimes

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called cool-hunting and trend analysis.

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Trend Spotter - is a person who notices and reports on new

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fashions, ideas, or activities that are becoming popular. They are the
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people who notices and reports on new fashions, activities that

people are starting to do.
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Projecting Trends - assumes the future will be a logical extension

of the past
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Drivers continuing what is a trend
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Enablers an empowering influence and encourages the drivers
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Blockers may take the form of new law, politicking, street protests and
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other factors.
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Friction is a resistance to change that occurs naturally and
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inevitably
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Differentiate a trend from fad

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Both trends and fads can play an important role in an

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organization’s success – but they must be treated differently. If they

are not, leaders risk burning out adapting to every fad, and critical
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trends required for an organizations’ survival may be missed. Let’s start

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by looking into fads and trends individually.

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Fad is a new thing that people are doing. The easiest way to
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categorize a fad is one word: short-lived. Trends have a much longer

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lifespan than fads. In fact, trends can continue to be fashionable for

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years and even decades.
Trend is significant, have broad implications in all aspects of

society, identifiable and explainable while fad is transitory or quick,
affect only particular group of people without impact and driven by
emotions.
Fad- Typically spread quickly but disappear equally quickly. The
easiest way to categorize a fad is one word: short-lived.Typically, fads
last for a total of one season. A fad is often referred to as “catching
on” with the larger population, but will often fade as quickly as it
appeared. The easiest way to remember a fad is through a simple
alliteration: fads fade. Although engaging in fads can be fun, they are
often not worth investing a large amount of money or time.
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Trends- Trends have a much longer lifespan than fads.they can
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continue to be fashionable for years and even decades. The primary
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difference between a trend and a fad is that trends have the
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potential to be long-term influences on the market.
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Rapid change is a constant feature of our lives. As Gordon(2008)
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put it, we have seen significant developments across society,
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technology, institutions, products and services that will surely continue
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into the future. We know that the future generation will be different in
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an easy way. New technologies ,market shifts; even our social values
and traditions may damage. We use our trends both local and global,
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to position our organizations and ourselves. We can also influence

some events for our own advantages in the future.
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Rethinking Beauty: Trends in
Beauty Today
By: Irina Barbalova
According to Euromonitor, the global beauty industry is looking
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in better shape that it did during the depths of the recession in 2008/9,
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and has recovered its equilibrium. Although the mass market
dominates at 16bn, the premium sector powered ahead in 2012 and
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is worth 4bn, with strong revenues from the US, China, Brazil, and Saudi
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Arabia. Premium skincare was a high point, but nail polish was another
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noteworthy product category, growing by 13% (+23% in the US). “We
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call it the Nail Index”, commented Barbalova. “It about high point,
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which has been increasing three times that of women’s skincare, due
to a focus on simplicity, health and solution-based products.
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Barbalova highlighted several key trends in beauty today,
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including Universal Solutions, which are found in multi-functional

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products.”Creams are pushing multi-functionality and offer time

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saving, convince, and value for money,” she affirmed. She also
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discussed the relationship and crossover between fashion and

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cosmetics. Apparel brands are crossing over into beauty, such as

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Wrangler and Triumph which infuse fabrics with aloe Vera and other
anti-cellulite or moisturizing ingredients. “Beauty has been more
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resilient than fashion and so fashion brands are looking to benefit from
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this growth with affordable beauty offerings”, she said.

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Reading: The Beauty Ideal: The
Fashion Silhoutte
By: Kirsten Anderberg
Throughout these many cultures and times, each “fashion
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silhouette” has melded many different views of beauty. All these
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women were considered beautiful for adhering to each social
standard. It is foolish for one to know that beauty can be all these
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different things and still believe the beauty construct that she or he
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has eternalized is the right one.
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A Chinese woman’s foot was considered beautiful if it was small,
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so foot binding was incorporated into the culture and took place for
about 1,000 years. Around the age of six, small girls’ feet were
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wrapped in tight bandages, so they could not develop normally. They
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would break and become prone to infection, paralysis, and muscular
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atrophy. The feet usually stayed between 4-6 inches long.

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Many African tribe women have had their lips supported and
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stretched by metal rings (lip plates) since early childhood. In

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adulthood, their stretched lips express the ultimate in beauty.

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“Giraffe necks” are common in a tribe living close to the border of

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Thailand and also in many African tribes especially in Kenya and

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Tanzania.
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“What was considered beautiful for an aristocratic Elizabethan

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woman in Tudor England involved whitening the face, plucking

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eyelashes, and shaving back the hairline to show a prominent

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forehead”. (Shaw 2006)
Georgian wig vanity. In the late 1700s, women began to wear their
hair along with fake hair up in a giant wig that look hours to prepare.
Women often had to sleep sitting up and scratched their scalps with
a tool resembling back scratchers of today. The hair could be built up
to 30 inches were common.
Corset not only did they make it hard for women to move freely or
sit down, but they also damaged internal organs and restricted air
flow. This led to fainting and less energy than they would have
otherwise. It would take about 2 years for internal organs to be
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“trained” into a smaller position around the waist and about a year of
not wearing a corset for the internal organs to settle back into regular
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positions. (Thomas 2014)
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In the 1920s, flappers were “in” and many women opted for breast
reductions or banded theirs to fit in with the social standard. Yet, not
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much after that larger breasts were the norm and women began
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going under the knife for breasts enhancement.
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Today, girls (I say girls because it all starts when one is young), in our
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society are being constructed to constantly strive for a slimmer figure.
Anorexia Nervosa and bulimia have evolved into somewhat of an
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epidemic. I would also like to point out that the average woman, who
usually is a healthy size 12-14. may have a low self-esteem because of
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the normalized beauty ideal to be thin.

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Women are still being oppressed through the beauty ideal. “The
Beauty ideal works to limit women, encourages competiveness, and
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ultimately tends to lower women’s self-esteem”.

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The supporting argument behind this statement begins with the

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products and rituals that are marketed to women. These standards

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are not created view the women they affect but by those with power
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and influence who “creates these trends and options and enforce the
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standards”.
Nature makes Us Appreciate
Our Bodies and Reject
Unrealistic Beauty Standards
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Viren Swami
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Nature is good for us---surely nobody has missed that fact. These
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days, both scientists and policymakers agree about the importance
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of offering everyone access to green spaces, regardless of social
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background. That is because easy access to nature encourages
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physical activity, which in turn has positive health effects. For
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instances, English populations with the most green space in their
surroundings also have the lowest levels of morality. The simple fact is
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that people tend to be healthier and live longer when they have easy
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access to nature.
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Accessible green space is also good for our psychological well-

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being. For example, large-scale surveys in the Netherlands and UK

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have shown that individuals living in urban areas with more green
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space have lower rates of mental health distress and are more
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satisfied with life than those living in areas with less green space. Other
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studies show that exposure to natural environments reduces negative

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emotions- including anger, anxiety, and sadness. Even just viewing

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images of nature or looking at natural environment from a window

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can reduces stress, enhance recovery from illness, and improve

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mood.
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My colleagues and I wanted to know whether the positive effects

nature might extend to other aspects of psychological well-being. In
particular, we were interested in body image, which has a significant
impact on mental health in all age groups. To examine this, we asked
an online sample of almost 400 adults in the US to complete a measure
of their exposure to nature in everyday life activities.
They also completed measure of self-esteem and “body
appreciation”. The latter reveals the extent to which people hold
favourable opinions about their bodies, accept and respect thier
bodies, and reject unrealistic beauty standards. In our study,
published in the journal body image, we found that both women and
men who reported greater exposure to nature also reported more
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positive body appreciation.
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To explain this finding, we suggested that exposure to the natural
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world is “restoring” in fact, previous studies have shown that exposure
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to nature increases positive self-evaluations including self-esteem and
helps people recover emotionally from the stresses of everyday life. In
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turn, these effects seem to promote more positive body image.
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That is not all, though. Access to green spaces also facilitates social
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interactions and gives rise to stronger neighborhood ties, which in turn
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provide direct benefits for mental health. In our study, we found that
direct exposure to nature may also heighten the extent to which
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individuals feel at one with, or connected to, nature. This was in turn
associated with more positive body image. The same positive
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association between connectedness to nature and body

appreciation has previously been found in British women.
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Feeling and being part of a larger ecosystem requiring concern

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and protection is an issue that is bigger than our waistlines or the latest
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fashion. In other words, a sense of connectedness to nature may haft

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our attention away from narrow self-interest and into more rounded
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aspects of well-being, such as living a fulfilled life.

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It may also help us to focus on the functionality of our busies-- what

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our bodies can do rather than what they look like. By helping some
individuals to identify commonalities between themselves and wider
ecosystem, greater connectedness to nature may also result in critical
appraisals of unrealistic stereotypes and ideals of appearance.
Of course, our findings are preliminary and limited by a number of
issues, including the fact that all our data were self-reported and
cross- sectional. Even so, our work fits with a broader body of work
improved mental health.
If research continues to support these findings, particularly in

different cultural and national groups, it may help us to develop new
ways for promoting positive body image. For example, psychologists
working with patients who struggle with poor body image may want
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to encourage them to go on nature walks or hiking excursions. More
generally, our work highlights the importance of providing everyone
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with opportunities to play and engage in green spaces, and for legal
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commitments to halt the decline in natural environments.
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Trend and Fad defined and
distinguished
Trend is a “recurrent phenomenon that takes place over time and
gives rise to speculation on the future” (Sanders, Soper, and Rothwell
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2002). Trends analysis is an examination of these phenomena and
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speculation on the likely impact they will have in the future. Any given
phenomenon and prediction which likely to happen or any craze/fad
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or trend that would likely emerge needs to be examined.
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Cornish (2004) and Canton (2006) defined trends as collage of
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present circumstances that extend current patterns into the future.
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Trends analysis grants societies “future events. Included in a definition
of a trend are three commonalities that trends share:
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1. Trends are a complex synthesis of information from a wide variety
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of fields.
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2. All trends use pattern identification and recognition to make

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predictions when talking about the future.

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3. Trends use time frames to evaluate their evolution.

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Trends are best guesses for future events or patterns that are based
on present peripheral and historical information. This information can
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be obtained by sophisticated methods such as computer modeling;

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polling, surveying, or it can compile through retroactive analysis of

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past trends. Synthesizing many factored and considering a multitude

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of variables allow humans to simplify the complexity and chaos of the

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interrelatedness of events into a reality that can accommodate

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present modalities of thought (Cornish 2004).

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Fads are normally micro trends that exist under that umbrella of an
actual trends (Naisbitt 2006) trends are often classified as short-term--
one to three years, mid-term--three to ten years, or long-term--ten to
50 years (Cornish 2004). The ability to from a trend along a linear
timeline however is not always correct as trends can revert back on
themselves becoming cyclonal or trends can fuse or converge with
other trends occurring in the same time frame (Canton 2006).
Trending is an important skill in the 21st century affording those inclined

a portal into the future. In addition, trends allow for preemptive
judgments and actions toward future events and conditions. Due to
the interrelatedness of all things in the universe, trends are a complex
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fusion of past, present,, and future information and represent humans’
best guess predictions over time.
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The trend reward portable music players, on the other hand,
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started with the invention of big heavy, portable “boom boxes” and
morphed into personal CD players--- continuing to grow and change
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into the MP3 portable music player phenomenon that we see today.
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Fad Defined bu
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Fad is something, such as an interest or fashion that is very popular

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for a short time (merriam-webster’s Learner’s Dictionary). A fad is

product that has little, if any, utility but is characterized by a quick rise
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in sales and popularity followed by a quick decline in sales and

popularity. This quick up and down in sales is because fad products
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usually do to satisfy a strong consumer need. Nevertheless, fads

seldom completely die out with some hardcore followers remaining
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loyal.
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Classic examples of fad.

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⚫ Hula hoop
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⚫ Yo-yo
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⚫ Virtual pets
⚫ Frisbee®
⚫ pokemon®
⚫ Hello kitty®
⚫ Loomband
A fad is an intense but short -lived fashion. It is widely-shared
enthusiasm for something, especially on that is short-lived. It is
temporary fashion, a craze, interest, or activity that people follow
enthusiastically, but lasts for a short period of time. A fad is different
from a trend in that a fad always has a definite beginning and end. A
trend, on the other hand, evolves and changes as it continues to
grow.
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They say that to follow a trend, one must not only be conscious of
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what is currently happening, but be astute enough to predict what
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will happen in the future. Try the following exercise. Identify if the
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statements in the first column are a trend or a fad then write your
prediction.
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The Not-So-Sweet Truth About bu
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High Fructose Corn Syrup (HFCS)

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Dr. Mark Hyman

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There are five reasons we should stay away from any product
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containing high fructose corn syrup.

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1. Sugar in any form causes obesity and disease when consumed in

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pharmacologic doses. Cane sugar and high fructose corn syrup are
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indeed harmful when consumed in pharmacologic doses of 140

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pounds per person per year. When one 20-ounce HFCS sweetened
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soda, sports drink, or tea has 17 teaspoons of sugar (and the average
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teenager often consumes two drinks a day), we are conducting a

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largely uncontrolled experiment on the human species. Our hunter-

gatherer ancestor consumed the equivalent of 20 teaspoons per
year, not per day. In this sense, I would agree with the corn industry
that sugar is sugar. Quantity matters. But there are some important
differences.
2. HFCS and cane sugar are NOT biochemically identical or processed
the same way by the body. High fructose corn syrup is an industrial
food product and far from “natural” or a naturally occurring
substance. It is extracted from corn stalks through a process so secret
that Archer Daniels Midland and Carghill would reported not allow
the investigate journalist Michael Pollan to observe it for his book, “The
Omnivore’s Dilemma”. The sugars are extracted through a chemical
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enzymatic process resulting in a chemically and biologically novel
compound called HFCS.
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Now back to biochemistry. Since there is no chemical bond
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between them, no digestion is required, so they are more rapidly
absorbed into your blood stream. Fructose goes right to the liver and
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triggers biogenesis (the production of fats like triglycerides and
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cholesterol). this is why it is the major cause of liver damage in this
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country and causes a condition called “fatty liver”, which affects 70
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million people. The rapidly absorbed glucose triggers big spikes in
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insulin-- our body’s major fat storage hormone. Both of these features
of HCFS lead to increased metabolic disturbances that drives
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increases in appetite, weight gain, diabetes, heart disease, cancer,

dementia, and more.
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High doses of free fructose have been proven to literally punch

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holes in the intestinal lining, allowing nasty by-product of toxic gut

bacteria and partially digested food proteins to enter your blood
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stream and trigger the inflammation that we know is at the root of

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obesity. Diabetes, cancer, heart disease, dementia, and fiber that

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does not exhibit the same biological effects as the free fructose does
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found in corn sugar. The take away; Cane sugar and the industrially
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produced, euphemistically named “corn sugar” are not

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biochemically or physiologically the same.

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3. HFCS contains contaminants including mercury that are not

regulated or measured by the FDA. An FDA researcher asked corn
producers to ship a barrel of high fructose corn syrup in order to test
for contaminates. Her repeated requests were refused until she
claimed she represented a newly created soft drink company. She
was then promptly shipped a big vat of HFCS that was used as part of
the study that showed that HFCS often contains toxic levels of mercury
because of chlor-alkali products used in its manufacturing. Poisoned
sugar is certainly not “natural”.
When HFCS is run through a chemical analyzer or a

chromatograph, strange chemical peaks show up that are not
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glucose or fructose. What are they? Who knows? This certainly calls
into question the purity of this processed form of super sugar. The
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exact nature, effects, and toxicity of these funny compounds have
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not been fully explained, but shouldn’t we be protected from the
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presence of untested chemical up to 15 to 20 percent of the average
American daily calorie intake?
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4. many independent medical and nutrition experts DO NOT support
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the use of HFCS in our diet, despite the assertions of the corn industry.
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The corn industry’s happy looking websites www.cornsugar.com and
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www.sweetsurprise.com bolster their position that cane sugar and
corn are the same by quoting experts, or should we say misquoting.
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5. HCFS is almost always a marker of poor-quality, nutrient-poor

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disease creation industrial food products or “food-like substances”.

The last reason to avoid products that contain HFCS is that they are a
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marker for poor-quality, nutritionally depleted, processed industrial

food full of empty calories and artificial ingredients. If you find “high
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fructose corn syrup” on the label, you can be sure it is not a whole,
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real, fresh food full of fiber, vitamins, minerals, phytonutrients, and

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antioxidants. Stay away if you want to stay healthy. We still must

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reduce our overall consumption of sugar, but with this one simple
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dietary change, you can radically reduce your teeth risks and
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improve your health.

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While debate may rage about the biochemistry and physiology

of cane sugar vs. Corn sugar, this is fact. The conversation has been
diverted to a simple assertion that cane sugar and corn sugar are not
different.
The real issues are only two.
1. we are consuming HFCS and sugar in pharmacologic quantities

never before experienced in human history-- 140 pounds a year vs. 20
teaspoons a year 10,000 years ago.
2. High fructose corn syrup is almost found in very poor quality foods
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that are nutritionally vacuous and filled with all sorts of other disease-
promoting compounds, fats, salt, chemicals, and even mercury.
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THE ICE BUCKET CHALLENGE: A
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TREND OR A FAB?
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FAST FACTS: ALS and the Ice Bucket Challenge

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Reynaldo Santos Jr.

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August 25, 2014

Rappler.com
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Manila, Philippines- You has definitely seen at least one of those

viral Ice Bucket Challenge videos.
These viral videos are the latest craze on the internet. The New York
Times reported that more than 1.2 million videos were shared on
Facebook between June 1 and August 13, and that the challenge
was mentioned on twitter more than 2.2 million times since July 29 this
year.
These viral videos try to raise awareness about a disease called

LAS. And it helped that even big personalities have taken part in not
just making the disease known, but also donating for this cause.
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Not all those who have joined the video challenge actually know
ALS is, or what the video is all about.
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What Does ALS MEAN?
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ALS stands for Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, a disease that affects
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nerve cells in the brain and the spinal cord. A-myo-trophic is from the
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Greek language that means “no muscle nourishment”--”A” means no
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or negative, “MYO” means muscle, and “TROPHIC” means
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nourishment.
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“LATERAL” refers to the areas in the spinal cord where portions of

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the nerve cells that signal and control the muscles are located. As the
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lateral degenerates, it leads to scaring or hardening (or sclerosis) in

the affected part.
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What Does ALS do the Body?
ALS causes the progressive degeneration of the motor neurons,

which control muscle movement. As motor neurons degenerate, they
can no longer send impulses tot the muscle fibers that normally result
in movement. When muscles no longer receive messages from the
motor neurons, they begin to shrink. Dead motor neurons make the
brain lose its ability to initiate and control muscle movement, affecting
the action of voluntary muscles which could lead to total paralysis.
What Are the Symptoms of ALS?
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To be diagnosed with ALS, patients must have signs and symptoms
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of both upper and lower motor neuron damage.
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Body parts affected by early ALS symptoms depend on which
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motor neurons in the body are damaged first. About 75% of patients
first experience “limb onset”---- symptoms in the arms (difficulty in arm
on
activities such as writing) or legs (awkwardness when walking or
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running, tripping, or stumbling, etc.)--- While about 25% experience
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“bulbar onset” (difficulty in speaking clearly or swallowing).
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Upper motor neuron degeneration leads to tight and stiff muscles
and exaggerated reflexes, while lower motor neuron degeneration
l.
nn
causes muscle weakness and atrophy, muscle cramps, and twitches

of muscles.
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In later, lung and eye functions may be affected. Most people with
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ALS die from respiratory failure, usually within 3 to 5 years from the
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onset of symptoms. However, about 10% of those with ALS survive for
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10 more years.
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What Causes ALS?

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The cause of ALS is not yet completely known. But scientific

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researches have found that ALS may have some genetic links.
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In 1993, scientists discovered that mutations in the gene that

produce SOD1 enzyme are associated with some cases of ALS. Also,
in 2011, scientists found that a defect in the C9orf72 gene is present in
both ALS and frontotemporal dementia (FTD) patients, revealing that
these disorders may be related.
In 90 to 95 percent of all ALS cases, the disease occurs randomly,
with no clear factor or cause.
Environment factors such as exposure to toxic or infections agents,

physical trauma, and behavioural and occupational factors are also
being studied to see whether they also cause ALS.
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Who Gets ALS?
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ALS is considered to be one of the most common neuromuscular
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diseases worldwide. In 90 to 95% of all cases, the disease occurs
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randomly, with no clear factor or cause. In the US, there are 3.9 cases
per 100,000 persons aged 60-69 years, but younger and older people
n,
can also develop the disease.
no
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About 5 to 10% all ALS cases are inherited.
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How Is ALS Treated?
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There is no cure yet for ALS. But in 1995, the US Food and Drug
Administration (FDA) approved the use of riluzole, which is believed to
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reduce damage to motor neurons. This drug prolongs survival by

several months, but does not repair already- damaged motor
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neurons.
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Also, physical therapy and special equipment can enhance an

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individual’s independence and safety throughout the course of ALS.

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ACTIVITY 1
Use the fives Ws chart to organized the information you have learned
from this lesson.
What?
Who?
Where?
When?
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Why?
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BA
Trend/fad Prediction
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More kids love playing with
n,
loombands
no
Yaya Dub(Maine Mendoza used
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dubsmash and got so popular
overnight. Dubsmash is a mobile app
that creates short selfie videos
bu
Ta
dubbed with famous sounds.
l.
High fructose corn syrup is present in

nn
fruit juices, cakes, ice cream, sweets,

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and chocolates, and was found to

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be culprit for obesity and diabetes.

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More and more youth today are fond

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of using high-tech gadgets like

tablets and smartphones.
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More people aound the globe

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playing the mobile app Pokemon

Go.
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e
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Answer the following questions:

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1. What is the not-so- sweet truth about high fructose corn syrup?
2. If this becomes a trend, how will you predict the nexy scenario?
ACTIVITY 2
LET’S GET CRITICAL
“Don’t follow a trend. Follow your heart.”

- Krist Novoselic
A. Think and reflect about the quotation above. What does this quotation tell you?
hD
__________________________________________________________________________________
,P
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
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__________________________________________________________________________________
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__________________________________________________________________________________
n,
B. Think Small
no
ca
bu
Ta
l.
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e:
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The picture shows a Volkswagen from a revolutionary idea in the 1960’s that shook up the car
industry in the world, calling for shrinking or perspective, ambitions, and scale in an era where the
r
fo
trends was to have bigger and better gained in life, even when just driving down the street. Yet, even
already developed nations were willing to make small, concrete steps that led to those changes. Indeed,
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Volkswagen set a trends in the car industry in the world.

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1. What is a trend?
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______________________________________________________________________________
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______________________________________________________________________________
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______________________________________________________________________________
2. How do we know that something is a trend?
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
3. Using the matrix below, can you identify some trends that had somehow changed our
lives and the Way we see things? Form small groups representing the three columns in
the table. The first group (What column) identifies currently popular trends in the country,
while the second group (So What column) considers the trends listed by the first group
and answers these questions: Why do they matter? What difference do these facts or
ideas make in people’ 5 lives? The third group (Now What column) asks what they can
do about these trends.
hD
What? So What? Now What?
,P
BA
M
n,
no
ca
bu
Ta
l.
nn
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4. Think of activities you might do in order to help respond to these trends. Guided by the
r
fo
description below with the examples, transform the activities that might include such things as:
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ad
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Individual Students Groups of Student

Can Do Can Do
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(for example, if the trend involves a healthier lifestyle (for example, a small group of students can
ad
through organic foods, individual students can sign a make posters to put around the school and the
M
contract promising to patronize locally produced community to teach about the benefits of
organic products) eating organic food for a healthy lifestyle.(
submit online in a short size bond paper: send
it in digital form.))

Understanding Elements and Characteristics of Trends

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Understanding Elements and Characteristics of Trends

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UNIT Understanding Elements and

Having worked through this unit, you should be better able to

 define a trend and connect it to larger social issues;

 explain the process of spotting a trend;

 describe the different characteristics of a trend.

A pattern of gradual change in a condition, output, or process,

or an average or general tendency of a series of data points to move

in a certain direction over time, represented by a line or curve on a

A trend is a sequential pattern of change in recorded data. A

change evidenced by a rise or fall of variables when measured

between at least two points over time (Gordon, 2008).

It is a way of doing new things individually or one society then

followed by many people; it may become a daily routine or a

A trend is a behavior or new way of doing things and it has a big

MEGATRENDS AND MICROTRENDS

breaking news and entertainment, sports and politics to big events

Twitter is a free social networking microblogging service that allows

Facebook – is the most common social network website where

Facebook is a popular free social networking website that allows

Trend Spotting is the identification of new trends or attempting

to see the future. Trendspotting is attempting to see the future in the

present (Rehn and Lindkvist, 2013). Being able to predict a trend is a

valued skill for the global citizen. Trendspotting is sometimes

called cool-hunting and trend analysis.

Trend Spotter - is a person who notices and reports on new

people who notices and reports on new fashions, activities that

Projecting Trends - assumes the future will be a logical extension

Differentiate a trend from fad

Both trends and fads can play an important role in an

organization’s success – but they must be treated differently. If they

trends required for an organizations’ survival may be missed. Let’s start

by looking into fads and trends individually.

categorize a fad is one word: short-lived. Trends have a much longer

lifespan than fads. In fact, trends can continue to be fashionable for

years and even decades.

Trend is significant, have broad implications in all aspects of

to position our organizations and ourselves. We can also influence

According to Euromonitor, the global beauty industry is looking

including Universal Solutions, which are found in multi-functional

products.”Creams are pushing multi-functionality and offer time

discussed the relationship and crossover between fashion and

cosmetics. Apparel brands are crossing over into beauty, such as

this growth with affordable beauty offerings”, she said.

Throughout these many cultures and times, each “fashion

atrophy. The feet usually stayed between 4-6 inches long.

stretched by metal rings (lip plates) since early childhood. In

adulthood, their stretched lips express the ultimate in beauty.

“Giraffe necks” are common in a tribe living close to the border of

Thailand and also in many African tribes especially in Kenya and

“What was considered beautiful for an aristocratic Elizabethan

woman in Tudor England involved whitening the face, plucking

eyelashes, and shaving back the hairline to show a prominent

forehead”. (Shaw 2006)

the normalized beauty ideal to be thin.

ultimately tends to lower women’s self-esteem”.

The supporting argument behind this statement begins with the

products and rituals that are marketed to women. These standards

Accessible green space is also good for our psychological well-

being. For example, large-scale surveys in the Netherlands and UK

studies show that exposure to natural environments reduces negative

emotions- including anger, anxiety, and sadness. Even just viewing

images of nature or looking at natural environment from a window

can reduces stress, enhance recovery from illness, and improve

My colleagues and I wanted to know whether the positive effects