GROUP MEMBERS

LINDSEY T. PUSO 16000575

THATO K. MOENG 16000237
KAONE BOTILOENG 16000363
MATTHEW LEPHOLE 16000501
TOY L. PELONOMI 16000837

HFN3 CLUTCH PLATE

LECTURER: DR EYITAYO OLAKAMI

STATICS

COURSE CODE: MECE 201

TABLE OF CONTENTS.

ABSTRACT ………………………………………………………………………………………………………

OBJECTIVES…………………………………………………………………………………………………….

INTRODUCTION …………………………………………………………………………………………….

THEORY……………………………………………………………………………………………………………

APPARATUS…………………………………………………………………………………………………….

PROCEDURE……………………………………………………………………………………………………...

RESULTS AND ANALYSIS……………………………………………………………………………………

DISCUSSION ………………………………………………………………………………………………………

CONCLUSION…………………………………………………………………………………………………….

REFERRENCE……………………………………………………………………………………………………...
ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES

The purpose of the experiment is to verify the application of the expression for the maximum torque, T:

𝑇 = µ𝑃𝑟
Where

µ = Coefficient of friction of Friction Ring (no units)

P = Normal Force on Force ring (N)

R (mean) = Mean radius of friction ring (mm)

And in particular

a) Torque, T at slip is proportional to the normal force, P

b) The torque per newton normal force, T/P is proportional to the mean radius of the friction ring
INTRODUCTION

The lab is based on simulation of a clutch by applying weight vertically on a rotary disc. Maximum torque
is attained by avoiding friction in movable parts in the machine except for the brakes and clutches.
When a clutch disc is allowed to rotate then force is applied by significant amount of load this
compression will result in the surface of the two components wearing off uniformly, due to mechanical
stress. From this property of the assumption of uniform wear a simple expression can be obtained for
the torque transmitted by a clutch plate right before slip occurs. This apparently depends on the friction
between the plate and disc when compressed together, as wear is directly proportional to weight and
distance different loads are used on this mechanism to examine this statement.

THEORY

The HFN3 clutch plate fiction apparatus operates by the concept that the wall mounted
apparatus comprises a lower stationary plate attached to a sturdy wall mounting bracket.
On top of this stationary disc sits an upper aluminum alloy plate whose shaft rotates in ball
bearings but which is in direct contact with the stationary plate.
Sandwiched between the lower and upper plate are friction discs, of 3 different sizes ‘A’, ‘B’
and ‘C’ with all disc going by a weight. Each disc is positioned in turn.
The minimum force on the friction disc is the self-weight of the upper plate, but the contact
pressure can be increased by adding weights to the upper plate.
Pure torque is applied to the upper plate through two loaded cords and pulleys. The cords
wrap around a groove in the upper plate.
Three interchangeable friction discs are supplied of different diameters. Each one sits onto
location pins in the lower plate.
A set of calibrated weights is supplied which enable the loading force to be varied and
applied torque to be adjusted also.

APPARATUS

 HFN3 Clutch Plate Friction Apparatus

 Mass hanger
 Weights
 String
PROCEDURE

1) Record the mass of the turntable prior to fitting the turntable into the bearing of the lower
plate. Turntable mass = 1.85kg
2) The mean diameter at which the torsion is applied is 250mm (effective torque diameter/ the
diameter around which the cord is wound)
3) Measure the internal and outer diameters of each of the friction rings while the turntable is
removed. Enter all these values into table 1

Table 1:

Friction Ring Inner Diameter, Outer Diameter, Mean Diameter, dmean

I.D (mm) O.D (mm) (mm)
‘A’ 80 120 100
‘B’ 130 170 150
‘C’ 180 220 200

4) Fit friction ring “A” to the top plate, locating it on the pair of pegs, which align with the holes in
the rings
5) Fit the turntable with the torque cords taken over their pulleys. Hook on the load hangers.
6) Wind the turntable with torque to the right thus raising the hangers and winding the cords the
cords around the turntable, until hanger top hooks are just below each pulley.
7) With only the self-weight of the turntable as its load add equal value weights to the load
hangers until with a slight start the turntable very slowly resolves at near constant speed.
8) Record the load per hanger in table 2. Repeat the procedure adding increments of 5N onto the
turntable up to 200N

Unload and remove the turntable by pushing the central locating spigot upward to help lift it. Exchange
friction ring “A” for the friction ring “B” and repeat the above procedure. Finally, fit friction ring “C

RESULTS AND ANALYSIS

Table 2:

Normal Load on Load per Hanger, F(N) for Stated Ring

Turntable, P(N) “A” “B” “C’”
0 0.6 1.4 2.7
50 5 6.8 10.8
100 10 13 20
150 15 18.2 28.8
200 19 23.6 35.0
 Gradient, F/P 0.0936 0.1116 0.1652
(N/N)

Friction Ring A

Hanger Load against Normal Load

20

18

16

14
Hanger Load

12

10

0
0 50 100 150 200 250
Normal Load, P

Friction Ring B
 Hanger Load against Normal Load
25

20
Hanger Load

15

10

0
0 50 100 150 200 250
Normal Load, P

Friction Ring A

Hanger Load against Normal Load

40

35

30

25
Hanger Load

20

15

10

0
0 50 100 150 200 250
Normal Load, P
Table 3:

Braking Lining Mean Radius Torque per Newton of Normal Force, T/P
Material Ring (mm) (N*mm/N =mm)

0 0
‘A’ 50 23.4
‘B’ 75 27.9
‘C’ 100 41.3
Coefficient of Friction 0.399314

Sample Calculations
𝑇 𝐹
= × 250
𝑃 𝑃
0.0936 × 250 = 23.4mm
𝑓 𝑇
. dmean=𝜇𝑟mean 𝑓𝑜𝑟 ′𝐴′ = 0.0936 ∗ 250𝑚𝑚
𝑝 𝑃

𝑓
Gradient=𝑝 = 23.4𝑚𝑚

DISCUSSION

The theoretical coefficient of friction is 0.38, while the experimental value from this experiment
was found to be 0.399314 these values are totally different. And the theoretical graph of torque
per newton of normal force against mean radius is linear showing direct proportionality, but
this was not the case in this experiment. The differences may have been due to some errors
experienced throughout the whole of this experiment, for instance the mass hanger was not
stable when we were adding weights to it, it kept oscillating of which might have caused some
errors and the string would also go below the plate when we turned the plate and some of the
times it would do that without us realizing it, that might have also caused some errors in this
experiment.

CONCLUSION
REFERRENCE

http://www.studymode.com/essays/Mechanics-Of-Machines-2-Lab-Report-1827091.html

http://www.p-a-hilton.co.uk/products/HFN3-Clutch-Plate-Friction-Apparatus