Professional Documents
Culture Documents
NAME: ……………………………………………………………………
LANGUAGE BUILDER
GEOGRAPHY
bank island
bridge mountain
cave north
cliff river
coast south
east west
CLOTHES AND ACCESSORIES
blouse hood
boots jeans
bracelet mini-skirt
cap necklace
dress ring
earrings shoes
flip-flops trousers
high heels
FOOD AND ADJECTIVES
beef cooked
biscuit fattening
butter fried
carrot frozen
crisps oily
eggs raw
fish salty
ice cream sour
popcorn spicy
rice sweet
ADJECTIVES FOR FASHION
casual old-fashioned
fashionable practical
formal sensible
modern trendy
ADVERBS:
USE:
- Frequency adverbs: always, often, usually, sometimes, seldom, never.
- Habits, routines - Expressions of frequency: every day / week / month / year, once /
- Facts, permanent states twice / three times / four times a day / week / month / year, in the
- General truths morning, at night, at weekends, …
PRESENT CONTINUOUS
Affirmative Form: Negative Form: Interrogative Form:
I am I ‘m not Am I
He/she/it is + verb -ING He/she/it isn’t + verb -ING (Q) Is he/she/it + verb -ING…?
We/you/they are We/you/they aren’t Are we/you/they
USE: ADVERBS:
Finished actions yesterday (ayer), the day before yesterday (anteayer), last night (anoche),
in the past last week (la semana pasada), last month (el mes pasado), last year (el año pasado),
last weekend (el fin de semana pasado), …… ago (hace …), in …… (+ past date),
when I was young (cuando era joven)
PAST CONTINUOUS
Affirmative Form: Negative Form: Interrogative Form:
I/he/she/it was I/he/she/it wasn’t Was I/he/she/it
+ verb -ING + verb -ING (Q) + verb -ING?
We/you/they were We/you/they weren’t Were we/you/they
DETERMINERS
a / an + n. en singular (+,-,?) uno, una some + n. incontable (+) algo de
some + n. en plural (+) algunos, -as any + n. incontable (-, ?) “
any + n. en plural (-, ?) “
QUANTIFIERS
How many + n. plural (?) cuántos, -as How much + n. incontable (?) cuánto, -a
=
(COMPARATIVO DE
COMPARATIVE
ADJECTIVES
(+ THAN)
SUPERLATIVE
ADJECTIVES
(+ IN / OF)
más … que el/la/los/las más … de …
SUPERIORIDAD)
SHORT ADJECTIVES
General rule tall Adj. + -er taller The adj. + -est the tallest
Exceptions:
• 1-syllable adjectives ending in
-e nice Adj. + -r nicer The adj. + -st the nicest
- a vowel and a consonant big Adj. + 2xcons + -er bigger The adj. + 2xcons + -est the biggest
• 1 or 2-syllable adjectives ending in
consonant + -y dry Adj. (-y) + -ier drier The adj. (-y) + -iest the driest
happier the happiest
happy
LONG ADJECTIVES
• 2 or more syllable adjectives expensive more + adj. more expensive The most + adj. the most expensive
IRREGULAR ADJECTIVES
Good Better The best
Bad Worse The worst
Far Farther / further The farthest / furthest
= (COMPARATIVO DE IGUALDAD)
Sports
Places Jobs
Equipment
1 2 3 4
5 6 7 8
…t
5 Circle seven adjectives in the puzzle and write them next to their synonyms:
e x h a u s t e d e r j o 1. angry ……………………
c f f j e h c r s a g l u 2. sensible ……………………
s s u h s l a t f d w i t 3. old-fashioned ……………………
t j r l a u s t u n n e d
4. thrilled ……………………
a d i j q e w u h t f o a
5. surprised ……………………
t f o p r a c t i c a l t
6. embarrassed ……………………
i s u n n q d o k a c l e
7. tired ……………………
c c s f c m a s h a m e d
Grammar
7 Complete the text with the verbs in brackets. Use the Past Simple:
10 Complete the sentences with the comparative or superlative form of the words in
brackets:
a) Ellie’s dress is ……………………………………… (short) Jade’s dress.
b) That is ……………………………………… (expensive) necklace in the shop.
c) Rachel is ……………………………………… (tall) her sister.
d) Is Tom ……………………………………… (good) athlete in the class?
e) My old shoes are ……………………………………… (comfortable) my new shoes.
12 Read the text. Then tick ( ) the sentences T (true) or F (false) according to the
text:
If you open your cupboard, you’ll probably find at least ten T-shirts! But who invented
the T-shirt? We don’t really know. In 1913, this simple white shirt with short sleeves
was part of the American soldiers’ uniform. During World War II, 12 million American
soldiers wore these shirts under their uniforms. When they returned home from the
war, men continued wearing their T-shirts around the house because they were very
comfortable. But people thought the T-shirt was too casual to wear outside the
house.
Then, in the 1950s, some young film and rock stars like Marlon Brando and Elvis
Presley started wearing T-shirts in public places. Most adults were horrified, but their
young fans were thrilled. They loved the idea of wearing T-shirts outside the home,
especially because it upset their parents!
By the 1960s and 1970s, more people were wearing them, but the T-shirt was
changing. They weren’t white any more – they were colourful. Later, T-shirts had
messages on them. Sometimes, the messages expressed a serious opinion and
sometimes, they were funny. T-shirts were developing a personality!
Today, people of all ages wear T-shirts. You can buy cheap ones in the markets or
you can find expensive T-shirts created by fashion designers. They can be elegant
or casual. People wear them with jeans or suits, long skirts or miniskirts. Fashions
change, but T-shirts are here to stay.
T F
a) The original T-shirts were colourful. …… ……
b) Men liked wearing T-shirts at home. …… ……
c) Elvis Presley and Marlon Brando had an influence on fashion. …… ……
d) In the 1950s, many parents began wearing T-shirts in public places. …… ……
e) Today, some T-shirts are cheap and others are expensive. …… ……
WORD ORDER
SUBJECT+(ADVERB OF FREQUENCY)+VERB+COMPLEMENTS (MANNER+PLACE+TIME)
14 Write the words in the correct order to make sentences. Remember to add
capital letters:
TRAVEL
accommodation high-speed train
airline journey
airport luggage
convenient mobile home
countryside passengers
fare station
flight trip
TRAVEL ARRANGEMENTS
catch a train return ticket
coach route
first class single ticket
miss a train standard class
platform timetable
MAKING TRAVEL ARRANGEMENTS
Is it a direct route?
ON THE UNDERGROUND
How do I get to …?
Take the … Line to …
Then change to the … Line
How many stops is it from …?
PRESENT PERFECT
USO:
- Acciones pasadas sin especificar el momento exacto en que se produjeron (no lo
conocemos o no nos interesa ).
She’s seen that film.
- Acciones pasadas que afectan al presente o tienen consecuencias en el momento
actual.
I’ve been here for 10 minutes.
- Acciones que empezaron en el pasado y aún continúan.
I’ve known my best friend for all my life.
- Para dar información nueva o para contar un suceso reciente.
Ow! I’ve cut my finger.
The road is closed. There’s just been an accident.
FORMA:
Past Participle of the main verb:
I / we / you / they + HAVE
+ + - Inf. of Regular verb –ed
He / she / it + HAS
- 3rd column in the list of Irregular verbs
Past Participle of the main verb:
I / we / you / they + HAVEN’T
- + - Inf. of Regular verb –ed
He / she / it + HASN’T
- 3rd column in the list of Irregular verbs
Past Participle of the main verb:
HAVE + I / we / you / they
? - Inf. of Regular verb –ed
HAS + He / she / it
+ - 3rd column in the list of Irregular verbs
Short √ Yes, I / we / you / they + HAVE No, I / we / you / they + HAVEN’T
answer X
Yes, he / she / it + HAS No, he / she / it + HASN’T
4 Complete the answers to the questions. Use the words in brackets and the
Present Perfect Simple:
a) Do I have to clean the kitchen?
No, you don’t. I .......................................................................................................... . (already)
b) Did they do their homework?
No, they didn’t. They ........................................................................................................ . (yet)
c) Was Sally in Paris last summer?
No, she wasn’t. She ..................................................................................................... . (never)
d) Would you like to eat something?
No thanks, I ..................................................................................................................... . (just)
5 Complete the sentences with the verbs in brackets. Use the Past Simple or
Present Perfect Simple:
a) Bill …………………… just …………………… (suggest) a great idea for our history
project.
b) My friends …………………… never …………………… (have) Mexican food. They
want to try it.
c) Lucy …………………… (read) this book a long time ago.
d) We …………………… (not see) any good films recently.
e) Yesterday I …………………… (visit) my grandmother. She …………………… (be)
very happy to see me. We …………………… (not see) each other for such a long
time.
6 The words in bold are in the wrong sentences. Write them next to the correct
sentences:
a) A return ticket is more expensive than a standard-class ticket. ……………………
b) I’m very late. I hope I don’t catch a train. ……………………
c) I want to see what time the train is leaving. I will check the route. ……………………
d) The train is leaving from timetable three. ……………………
e) I’m sorry I can’t talk now. I’m running to miss the train. ……………………
f) I’d like to buy a platform to London. I’m only travelling in one direction.
……………………
g) I’ll check my map and decide which is the best single ticket to take.
……………………
h) A first-class ticket allows you to travel in both directions. ……………………
Grammar
7 Write questions with the words below. Use the Present Perfect Simple:
a) you / ever / be / to America
……………………………………………………………………………………………………
b) your friends / ever / make / you / a surprise party
……………………………………………………………………………………………………
c) you / have / dinner / yet
……………………………………………………………………………………………………
d) your best friend / ever / forget / your birthday
……………………………………………………………………………………………………
e) you / ever / miss / a train
……………………………………………………………………………………………………
10 Complete the text with the verbs in brackets. Use the Present Perfect Simple or
Past Simple:
12 Write questions with the words below. Use the Present Perfect Simple. Then
answer the questions according to the information in the text:
a) how long / the Lonely Planet company / exist
……………………………………………………………………………………………………
b) how / the Lonely Planet company / change / over the years
……………………………………………………………………………………………………
c) how / Lonely Planet guidebooks / affect / places around the world
……………………………………………………………………………………………………
13 Imagine you are a Lonely Planet travel guide writer. Write an entry for the
website describing how to travel in your area without a lot of money. Think of where
to go to eat and sleep:
COMPOSITION 1
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14 Write the words in the correct order to make sentences, after writing the verbs in
the correct verbal tense:
Nunca he hecho un viaje como el que hice en la India. Estaba viajando en el tren hacia la
ciudad de Mumbai. Junto a mí estaba un grupo de mujeres en saris, un tipo de vestido
hindú. Eran de preciosos colores brillantes. Durante el viaje, un niño pequeño empezó a
hablar conmigo. Me habló de sus dos comidas favoritas: kebabs de ternera y el helado de
chocolate de McDonalds. ¡Qué divertido! Lo sentí cuando llegamos a la estación.
He estado en trenes antes. Mi hermano y yo solíamos viajar en tren todos los días. Pero
en Londres todos se sientan y no hablan. Viajar en tren en la India es mucho más
divertido.
COMPOSITION 2
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18 Now use the information in the chart to write a blog entry about the trip.
Organise your ideas into paragraphs. Here you have got some tips:
PARAGRAPH 1 (Give the date and place, and some general information).
Useful language:
It was (date) and I/we were in …
I wanted …
PARAGRAPH 2 (Give details about events and feelings)
Useful language:
I got …
There was / were…
PARAGRAPH 3 (Sum up the event).
Useful language:
It was a … day
COMPOSITION 3
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IES Canónigo Manchón English Department Workbook 4ºESO 25
19 Think about a trip (real or imaginary). Then complete the chart below:
DATE: …………………………………………………………
PLACE: …………………………………………………………
20 Now use the information in your chart to write a blog entry about the trip.
Organise your ideas into paragraphs. Here you have got some tips:
PARAGRAPH 1 (Give the date and place, and some general information).
Useful words: visit museums, go for a boat ride, go for a walk, go to a
concert, see exhibitions, go camping, go hiking (dar una caminata), go
sightseeing (visitar lugares de interés), plan (organizar), sunbathe
(tomar el sol), take photographs, go to a theme park …
Useful language:
It was (date) and I/we were in …
Today was … I wanted …
PARAGRAPH 2 (Give details about events and feelings)
Useful words: Adjectives to describe feelings: to be afraid of/ sad about/ happy
about/ scared of/ delighted about/ excited about/ upset about / relieved /
disappointed…)
Useful language:
I got … There was / were…
PARAGRAPH 3 (Sum up the event).
Useful language:
It’s been a … day
COMPOSITION 4
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NATURAL DISASTERS
ash predict
collapsed rocks
dangerous safe
earthquake strike
eruption survivor
flood trapped
injured volcano
landslide warned
mud
EMERGENCIES
aid missing
break out put out
burn search
drown shelter
flames smoke
hit tragedy
homeless
DESCRIBING A SCENE
I can see …
RELATIVE CLAUSES
DEFINING RELATIVE CLAUSES (Oraciones adjetivas especificativas)
They give necessary information.
Ex: The soldiers who were in the front died. (only the soldiers being in the
front, the rest of them didn’t die)
DEFINING RELATIVES:
ANTECEDENT RELATIVE
People WHO / THAT WHO / THAT / ----
(= he/she/they) (= him/her/them)
subject (1) complement (3)
WHOSE
“que” “que”
(=his/her/its/them)
Things WHICH / THAT /
WHICH / THAT possession (5)
----
(= it/they) “cuyo”
(= it/them)
subject (2)
complement (4)
“que”
“que”
Places WHERE (= there) (6)
Time WHEN / THAT / ---- (7)
Examples:
1. The woman is a doctor. The woman lives next door.
Subj. (= she)
The woman who / that lives next door is a doctor.
2. Where is the cheese? The cheese was in the fridge.
Subj. (= it)
Where is the cheese which / that was in the fridge?
3. Do you know the woman? Tom is talking to the woman.
Object (= her)
Do you know the woman who / that / ---- Tom is talking to? *
4. Have you found the keys? You lost the keys.
Object (= them)
Have you found the keys which / that / ---- you lost?
5. I met a man. The man’s sister knows you.
Possession (= his)
I met a man whose sister knows you.
6. The hotel wasn’t very clean. We stayed in that hotel.
Place (= there)
The hotel where we stayed wasn’t very clean.
7. It was last year. Frank went up north that year..
It was last year when / that / ---- Frank went up north.
INDEFINITE PRONOUNS
SOME-compounds: ANY-compounds:
In affirmative sentences In negative sentences / questions
Someone / somebody: alguien Anyone / anybody: nadie / alguien
Something: algo Anything: nada / algo
Somewhere: a/en algún sitio Anywhere: en ningún / algún sitio
Grammar
3 Match A to B and add a relative pronoun to form sentences. Write the sentences
below:
A B
a) 2005 was the year … there was an earthquake last year.
b) Did you hear about the volcano … were trapped on the train.
c) We spoke to the passengers … Hurricane Katrina destroyed parts of the USA.
d) This is the village … erupted in Iceland?
a) .................................................................................................................................................
b) .................................................................................................................................................
c) .................................................................................................................................................
d) .................................................................................................................................................
Grammar
Pompeii was a big and busy city in the year 79 AD. That was also the year
1
…………………… a volcano erupted and destroyed it. Pompeii was completely
covered in ash and was only discovered in the 1700s by archeologists
2
…………………… wanted to find out more about the volcano. Before it was
destroyed, Pompeii was a port city 3…………………… was located on the Bay of
Naples. The ships brought items from all over the world, so it was a place
4
…………………… people could buy almost anything they wanted. For this reason,
archeologists have found many interesting objects at Pompeii.
7 Join the sentences using relative pronouns. Make any necessary changes:
a) John Owens is a firefighter. He has saved many people.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
b) He was watching television that evening. He felt the earth move then.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
c) Rescue workers are still searching for survivors. They are trapped under the rocks.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
d) I ran to find shelter. I would be warm there.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
e) This was a tragedy. It must not happen again.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
10 Read the text. Then complete the sentences below with the correct relative
pronouns. There may be more than one correct answer. Then tick ( ) the
sentences T (true) or F (false):
T F
a) 1980 was the year …………………… there was a nuclear explosion
on Mount St Helens. ……
……
b) There were hundreds of people …………………… were left without
a home. ……
……
c) All the people …………………… died were in dangerous areas. ……
……
d) Today, Mount St Helens is a place …………………… there aren’t any
animals. ……
……
Writing
13 It’s the year 2200. Write a travel advert about Mount St Helens. Describe its past
and what you can see and do there today:
COMPOSITION 1
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CONNECTORS OF SEQUENCE
- AT FIRST: al principio
- FIRST OF ALL: en primer lugar
- BEFORE (THAT): antes
- AFTER (THAT): después
- BY THE TIME: para cuando
- THEN / NEXT : entonces, después, a continuación
- AS SOON AS: tan pronto como
- EVENTUALLY: finalmente (después de muchas dificultades)
- FINALLY: finalmente
- AT LAST: finalmente, por fin
- IN THE END: al final
17 Imagine that a natural disaster has hit your town. Now complete the chart with your
ideas:
DATE: …………………………………………………………
PLACE: …………………………………………………………
EVENT: …………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………..
PARAGRAPH 1 (Introduce the people, the place, the event and the time).
On … I was/we were … ing in … when …
PARAGRAPH 2 (Write what happened in the story. Describe the characters’ feelings)
At first, then, suddenly, out of the blue /the next moment/as soon as
I was happy/sad that )
PARAGRAPH 3 (Write how the story ends)
Finally…
Useful words: to cause damage –causar daños-, to erupt –entrar en erupción-, to shake –
sacudir-, to rise –subir, ex river-, to hit –golpear, sacudir ex a storm hit the city ….
to blow away –volar-, to fall down –caerse-, to tear off-arrancar-, to pour down –llover con
fuerza, to experience a natural disaster, frightened, to be afraid of …
COMPOSITION 2
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DATE: …………………………………………………………
PLACE: …………………………………………………………
EVENT: …………………………………………………………
20 Now use the information in your chart to write a narrative about the event. Say
who was with you, what happened, how you felt and how the event ended. Organise
your ideas into paragraphs. Here you have got some tips:
PARAGRAPH 1 (Introduce the people, the place, the event and the time).
On … I was/we were … ing in … when …
PARAGRAPH 2 (Write what happened in the story. Describe the characters’ feelings)
At first, then, suddenly, out of the blue /the next moment/as soon as
I was happy/sad that )
PARAGRAPH 3 (Write how the story ends)
Finally…
Useful words: break into (irrumpir, entrar por la fuerza), shoot at (apuntar), pull out (sacar
ex un arma), shoot somebody (disparar a alguien),to force somebody to do something
(forzar a alguien a hacer algo),hit somebody (golpear a alguien), run off (huir)…
COMPOSITION 3
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UNIT 3
LANGUAGE BUILDER
CRIME
arrest punish
break the law rob
burglar shoot
gang steal
hijack surrender
investigate suspect
mug thief
murder witness
TELEVISION
advert documentary
cartoon reality TV
chat show sitcom
crime drama soap opera
current affairs programme
DOING A SURVEY
PAST PERFECT
USO:
Acción ocurrida antes que otra en el pasado .
When I arrived, the police had arrested the suspect..
FORMA:
Past Participle of the main verb:
I
+ He / she / it + HAD + - Inf. of Regular verb –ed
We / you / they - 3rd column in the list of Irregular verbs
Past Participle of the main verb:
I
- He / she / it + HADN’T + - Inf. of Regular verb –ed
We / you / they
- 3rd column in the list of Irregular verbs
Past Participle of the main verb:
I
? HAD + He / she / it - Inf. of Regular verb –ed
We / you / they
+ - 3rd column in the list of Irregular verbs
√
Short Yes, I / he / she / it / we / you / they + HAD
answer X No, I / he / she / it / we / you / they + HADN’T
ADVERBS:
Before (antes) I had cleaned the car before I went to the party
After (después) He ate an ice cream after he had finished lunch.
As soon as (tan pronto como) As soon as I had got up, I had a shower.
By the time (para cuando) By the time he was five, he had read many books.
Until (hasta que) Until I went to Italy, I hadn’t eaten real Italian food.
When (cuando) Tom had finished his homework when I arrived.
Already (ya, +) We had already studied when he came to visit us..
Yet (ya -; todavía ?) It was 3 am and the pub hadn’t closed yet.
When he arrived there, had the train left yet?
4 Write sentences with the words below. Use the Past Perfect Simple and Past
Simple:
a) by the time / we / arrive home / the burglars / run away / .
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
b) I / not leave / the party / until / my friends / go / .
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
c) Sally / already / book a ticket / when / she / cancel / her trip / .
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
d) you / already / see the film / before / you / read the book / ?
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
5 Tick tick ( ) the sentences true (T) or false (F). Then correct the false sentences:
T F
a) There is often violence in crime dramas. …… ……
b) A current affairs programme tells you what happened in the world. …… ……
c) Documentaries are true stories. …… ……
d) Today, there are many channels on television. …… ……
e) Cartoons are usually sad. …… ……
f) There is a lot of romance in soap operas. …… ……
g) Adverts try to get people to buy things. …… ……
h) A sitcom is a serious TV programme. …… ……
.............................................................................................................
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Grammar
8 Complete the text using the verbs in brackets. Use the Past Perfect Simple or
Past Simple:
On 10th December, 1968, a car filled with a large amount of money was on its way to
a Japanese bank. A young policeman on a police motorbike 1…………………… (stop)
the car. He 2…………………… (tell) the bank workers in the car that someone
3
…………………… (put) a bomb under the car. The four workers 4……………………
(get out) of the car and the policeman 5…………………… (go) under it to look for the
bomb. A few minutes later, the workers 6…………………… (notice) smoke and flames
under the car. They 7…………………… (not realise) that the police officer
8
…………………… (be) really a thief. He 9…………………… (start) the fire before he
10
…………………… (appear) from under the car. After the workers 11……………………
(run) far away, the “policeman” quickly 12…………………… (put out) the fire. He
13
…………………… (get) into the car and 14…………………… (drive) away with all the
money. By the time the “real” policemen 15…………………… (arrive), the thief
16
…………………… (disappear). He was never arrested.
9 The words below appear in the text in Exercise 10. Find the words and guess their
meanings in your own language. Use a dictionary to check your guesses:
1. ransom money …………………… 4. suspicious ……………………
2. parachuted …………………… 5. jets ……………………
3. boarded …………………… 6. trace ……………………
11 Complete the sentences according to the information in the text. Use the Past
Perfect Simple:
a) Cooper didn’t give the ransom note to the flight attendant until .................................................
................................................................................................................................................... .
b) Cooper jumped out of the plane after he .................................................................................. .
c) Some people believe that before the FBI arrived to search the area, Cooper ...........................
................................................................................................................................................... .
12 Imagine you were one of the passengers on the plane that Cooper hijacked.
Describe what happened on that day:
COMPOSITION 1
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………
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…………………………………………………………………………………………………………
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…………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………
CONNECTORS OF CONTRAST
- ON THE ONE HAND / ON THE OTHER HAND: por un lado/ por otro lado
On the one hand, travelling is interesting but on the other hand it is very expensive.
- BUT: pero
She is very friendly but she has got a very strong personality.
- HOWEVER (+ sentence): sin embargo
He is very good at maths, however he failed the test.
- ALTHOUGH: (+ sentence): aunque
Although he was late, he stopped to have a sandwich.
15 Complete the sentences. Each time use ALTHOUGH + a sentence from the box:
17 Now use the information in your chart to write a review of Big Brother. Organise
your ideas into paragraphs. Here you have got some tips:
PARAGRAPH 1 (Introduce the programme. Include its name and type. State your opinion).
(Name of the programme) shows … /is about …
The show is a combination of ….
PARAGRAPH 2 (Give more details: the main characters, what the programme is about and
what you like/don’t like about it).
I enjoy/don’t like watching X because …
PARAGRAPH 3 (Say why you think readers will enjoy/won’t enjoy the programme)
I feel/ I think you will enjoy the drama/romance/action/humour in this show …
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………
19 Now use the information in your chart to write a review of your favourite TV
programme. Organise your ideas into paragraphs. Here you have got some tips:
PARAGRAPH 1 (Introduce the programme. Include its name and type. State your opinion).
(Name of the programme) shows … /is about …
The show is a combination of ….
PARAGRAPH 2 (Give more details: the main characters, what the programme is about and
what you like/don’t like about it).
Name of character) is played by (name of actor
/I enjoy/don’t like watching X because …
PARAGRAPH 3 (Say why you think readers will enjoy/won’t enjoy the programme)
I feel/ I think you will enjoy the drama/romance/action/humour in this show …
I highly recommend it …
Useful words: sports programme, game show, quiz show, cookery programme, educational
programme, wildlife programme, to broadcast –retransmitir-, to broadcast live –retransmitir
en directo, quality, past-time -pasatiempos, well-known –conocido, popular-, entertaining,
funny, touching –conmovedor-, contestant –participante..
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………
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…………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………
TECHNOLOGY VERBS
browse scroll
click search for
delete send
drag store
insert transmit
post type
record
VERBS
hide portray
identify preserve
imagine represent
include sign
make sense of wonder
REACHING AN AGREEMENT
Let’s …
Why don’t we …?
Maybe we shoud …
GIVING INSTRUCTIONS
First of all, …
CONDITIONAL SENTENCES
IF (si)
UNLESS = IF NOT (si no, a no ser que, a menos que)
If he doesn’t finish this, he will stay in the office.
Unless he finishes this, he will stay in the office.
3 4
5 6
Across
3. …………………… websites for the latest information.
5. …………………… information in this folder.
7. …………………… on the mouse.
8. …………………… the paragraph from the top of the page to the bottom.
Down
1. …………………… up and down the screen.
2. …………………… unnecessary information from the page.
4. …………………… on the keyboard.
6. …………………… TV programmes on a DVD.
Grammar
4 Complete the sentences with the verbs in brackets. Use the Second Conditional:
a) If I …………………… (have) more time, I …………………… (stay).
b) I …………………… (fix) it if I …………………… (understand) the problem.
c) I …………………… (can) answer the question if I …………………… (not be) so
tired.
d) If I …………………… (know) the answer, I …………………… (tell) you.
e) If I …………………… (be) taller, I …………………… (reach) it.
8 Write another sentence about what might have happened in the situations below.
Use the Third Conditional and the words in brackets:
a) Greg missed the bus this morning.
(catch the bus / wake up on time)
...........................................................................................................................................
b) Diane fell and broke her leg.
(not fall / the floor not be wet)
...........................................................................................................................................
c) I enjoyed the party because you were there.
(you not come / not have a good time)
...........................................................................................................................................
d) We didn’t know you were in hospital.
(visit you / someone tell us)
...........................................................................................................................................
e) Luckily no one was killed in the fire.
(firefighters not arrive quickly / many people not survive)
...........................................................................................................................................
9 Read Emily’s e-mail and complete the correct form of the verb in brackets. Use
the First, Second or Third Conditional:
Hi, Jack! It’s a pity you couldn’t come to the Inventors’ Fair with me. If you
1
…………………… (be) there, you 2…………………… (have) a great time. If you
3
…………………… (see) all the amazing inventions, you 4…………………… (want) to
buy all of them!
My favourite invention was the MI3 robot. If I 5…………………… (not see) this robot, I
6
…………………… (not believe) this machine existed. The MI3 does everything. If you
7
…………………… (tell) it to wash the dishes, it 8…………………… (do) it in five
minutes. If your mother 9…………………… (ask) you to take out the rubbish, the MI3
10
…………………… (take) it out for you. That isn’t all – the MI3 can also do your
homework for you! If I 11…………………… (own) an MI3, I 12……………………
(receive) excellent marks at school. If I 13…………………… (be) a genius, I
14
…………………… (build) one myself. OK, OK, I know what you’re thinking. But my
parents definitely 15…………………… (not buy) me one if I 16…………………… (ask)
them!
10 Read the text and underline a First and Second Conditional sentence:
14 Imagine that it’s the year 8113 and the time capsule is opened. Write a news
article describing this event. Use information from the text to help you:
COMPOSITION 1
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………
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…………………………………………………………………………………………………………
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…………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………
CONNECTORS OF ADDITION
- AND: y
Susan came in 1994 and has lived here ever since.
- ALSO: también.
Puede tener diferentes posiciones:
(1) Después del verbo “to be”. He was also at the stadium
(2) Antes de los verbos simples. They also like reading the classics
(3) Entre el auxiliar y el verbo principal. I have also been to Europe.
- IN ADDITION: además
In addition, there were meetings with the children’s parents.
- IN ADDITION TO (+ n / v-ing): además de
In addition to being beautiful, she is talented.
- AS WELL AS: al igual que, también
He likes vegetables as well as fruit.
15 Choose the correct answer. There is sometimes more than one answer:
a) Press start AND/ALSO/AS WELL AS it will work.
b) It’s got a camera AS WELL AS/ IN ADDITION/ALSO an MP4 player.
c) The film was boring. IN ADDITION/ AS WELL AS/ AND it was too long.
d) It’s an amazing device to have. It’s ALSO/ AS WELL AS/ IN ADDITION not too
expensive.
e) We’re bringing the salad AND/ IN ADDITION/ AS WELL AS the dessert.
17 Use the information given to complete the sentences with the connectors of
addition in brackets:
a) Mary bought a new computer. She bought a mouse. / AND
Mary bought ………………………………………………………………… mouse.
b) The class put a mobile phone in the time capsule. They put earphones there, too. /
AS WELL AS
The class put …………………………………………………in the time capsule.
c) Greg plays the electric guitar. He writes music, too. /ALSO
Greg plays …………………………………………………………………music.
d) They need a screen for the next meeting. They need a laptop computer, too. / IN
ADDITION
They need ……………………………………………………….laptop computer.
18 Complete the chart about one of the latest inventions: the e-book:
INVENTION: ………………………………………
OPINION: ……………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………
FACTS AND EXAMPLES TO SUPPORT OPINIONS:
…………………………………………………………………………………..
…………………………………………………………………………………..
19 Now use the information in your chart to write an opinion essay about the e-
book. Organise your ideas into paragraphs. Here you have got some tips:
PARAGRAPH 1 (Identify the invention you’ve chosen and state your opinion)
There have been many (adjective) inventions in the last one hundred years.
In my opinion, the most important/one of the most important inventions of all is …
PARAGRAPH 2 (Give facts and examples to support your opinion).
Thanks to … you can … (gracias a … tú puedes)
You can also … In addition, you can use the … to …
PARAGRAPH 3 (Restate your opinion. Use connectors of addition to connect your facts
and opinion)
No other invention has had such a great effect on people. If someone hadn’t
invented this invention …
And, also, in addition,, as well as …
Useful words: companies, to sell (vender), paper books, convenient (cómodo), to store
(almacenar), reader (lector)
INVENTION: ………………………………………
OPINION: ……………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………
FACTS AND EXAMPLES TO SUPPORT OPINIONS:
…………………………………………………………………………………..
…………………………………………………………………………………..
21 Now use the information in your chart to write an opinion essay about that
important invention. Organise your ideas into paragraphs. Here you have got some
tips:
PARAGRAPH 1 (Identify the invention you’ve chosen and state your opinion)
There have been many (adjective) inventions in the last one hundred years.
In my opinion, the most important invention of all is the …
PARAGRAPH 2 (Give facts and examples to support your opinion).
Thanks to … you can … (gracias a … tú puedes)
You can also … In addition, you can use the … to …
PARAGRAPH 3 (Restate your opinion. Use connectors of addition to connect your facts
and opinion)
No other invention has had such a great effect on people.
If someone hadn’t invented this …
And, also, in addition,, as well as …
ART
abstract masterpiece
charcoal oil
day portrait
drawing realistic
exhibition sculpture
ink sketch
landscape watercolour
ADJECTIVES
cheerful rough
complex shiny
curved simple
flat smooth
lovely three-dimensional
COMPARING AND CONTRASTING
These sculptures are similar because they
both represent …
Is it possible to …?
En inglés se utiliza mucho más la pasiva que en castellano, para destacar la acción y no el
sujeto que la realiza, y cuando el sujeto de la acción es muy obvio, desconocido o no se
quiere nombrar. Se suele traducir el verbo en la forma impersonal o en la voz activa:
Cuando el verbo principal de la oración rige una preposición, ésta se pone al final de una
pregunta:
También hay una peculiaridad en inglés que no se utiliza en castellano: si hay dos
complementos (Direct Object o Indirect Object) el pronombre personal (IO) se convierte en
el sujeto de la oración pasiva:
Paul told me all his plans. I was told all his plans.
IO DO
1 Unscramble the words below and then match them to each definition:
a) ylac: …………………… … a liquid that is found in pens
b) apcesandl: …………………… … a painting or picture of a person
c) nik: …………………… … material that is used to make flower pots
d) tdelneat: …………………… … a display of art in a gallery or museum
e) rtecepeiams: …………………… … a painting of the countryside
f) tropatir: …………………… … to be very good at something
g) ntoihixebi: …………………… … a picture without paint
h) ignwrda: …………………… … an excellent work of art
Grammar
The statue of David is one of the most famous sculptures in the world. In 1501, the
artist Michelangelo 1 gave / was given a block of marble. He 2 told / was told to make
a sculpture to decorate the cathedral in Florence. The sculpture is a masterpiece.
Michelangelo 3 portrayed / was portrayed the Biblical character David in a very
different way to artists before him. Goliath
4
doesn’t include / isn’t included in the sculpture, so art experts 5 think / are
thought that the sculpture 6 shows / is shown David before his battle with the giant.
After the sculpture 7 finished / was finished, a committee of artists 8 decided / were
decided to put it in the main square of the town. It was the first time that a sculpture of
a naked person 9 exhibited / was exhibited in a public place since ancient times.
3 Write questions with the words below, and complete the answers. Use the
Present Simple Passive, affirmative or negative:
a) this sculpture / make of / clay
...........................................................................................................................................
No, ……………………………… . It ……………………………… of wood.
b) where / the Mona Lisa / keep
...........................................................................................................................................
It ……………………………… in the Louvre, in Paris.
c) the / exhibition / close / on Sundays
...........................................................................................................................................
No, ……………………………… . It ……………………………… on Saturdays.
d) these / portraits / paint / with watercolours
...........................................................................................................................................
No, ……………………………… . They ……………………………… with oils.
e) cars / drive / on the right-hand side of the road / in England
...........................................................................................................................................
No, ……………………………… . They ……………………………… on the left-hand
side.
Grammar
6 Complete the sentences. Use the Present Simple Passive or Past Simple Passive:
a) The project ……………………………… (not finish) yesterday.
b) Penicillin ……………………………… (discover) by Alexander Fleming.
c) English ……………………………… (speak) all over the world.
d) The Internet ……………………………… (use) for many things.
e) I ……………………………… (not teach) to swim until I was a teenager.
f) The library ……………………………… (open) on Saturdays.
g) Which materials ……………………………… (use) to make this ancient sculpture?
h) …………………… their pictures …………………… (take) yesterday?
7 Complete the answers to the questions with the verbs below. Use the Past Simple
Passive or Present Simple Passive affirmative or negative:
make • advertise • keep • invite • announce
a) Where is the chocolate?
It ……………………………… in the fridge.
b) Why didn’t David come to the party?
Because he ……………………………… .
c) When will you know if you passed your exam?
I already know. The results ……………………………… last week.
d) How did you hear about the exhibition?
It ……………………………… in the newspaper.
e) Will this cup break if I drop it?
No, it ……………………………… of glass.
9 The words below appear in the text in Exercise 10. Find the words and guess their
meanings in your own language. Use a dictionary to check your guesses:
a) sunset …………………… c) dust ……………………
b) evidence …………………… d) bright ……………………
Writing
ADJECTIVE ORDER
OPINION + SIZE+ AGE+ SHAPE+ COLOUR
He is looking at a small, old grey house on the hill.
12 Complete the sentences. Add the adjectives in brackets in the correct order:
a) I’m looking for a ………………………................ table for my new flat. (BROWN,
SMALL)
b) The artist uses a lot of ………………………………………glass. (BEAUTIFUL,
ANCIENT)
c) We drove along a …………………………………… road. (LONG, MODERN)
d) It’s a painting of a …………………………………………… landscape. (FLAT,
GREY, DULL)
e) She’s got a lot of ……………………………………………… pieces of furniture.
(LARGE, OLD, UNUSUAL)
13 Correct the mistakes in the following sentences:
14 Write the ADJECTIVES in the correct order to describe the people or things:
a) An …………………………… OLD / ELEGANT lady.
b) A …………………………… YOUNG / TALENTED artist
c) A …………………………… ROUND / BLUE / LOVELY / MODERN sculpture.
d) A …………………………… HUGE / NEW / CURVED / BLACK / PLAIN bridge.
e) A …………………………... PINK / LONG / LARGE / PRETTY pair of trousers.
f) A ………………………….. LOVELY / MODERN painting.
g) ……………………………… BLACK / THICK lines.
h) …………………………….. FLAT / STRANGE / BRIGHT shapes.
i) An …………………………… ORANGE / OLD / BIG / UGLY armchair.
j) A …………………………….. SQUARE / RED / CHEAP / SMALL table.
SUBJECT+ VERB+ COMPLEMENT ( ADJECTIVES :SIZE+ AGE+ SHAPE+ COLOUR + NOUN) + ADVERB
a) ……………………………………………………………………………………………
b) ……………………………………………………………………………………………
c) ……………………………………………………………………………………………
d) ……………………………………………………………………………………………
e) ……………………………………………………………………………………………
f) ……………………………………………………………………………………………
16 Complete the chart about a painting by Pablo Picasso. Use the information given
in the chart and complete the rest of it:
………………………………………
SHAPES AND COLOURS:
………………………………………
WHAT THE ARTIST WANTED TO EXPRESS: …………………………
WRITER’S OPINION: ………………………………………
17 Write the description of the painting by Pablo Picasso. Use the information in the
chart and organize your ideas into paragraphs:
PARAGRAPH 1 (Introduce the work of art: name/ date/ style/objects/people)
This painting was drawn by X in PLACE in DATE
It is called X
It shows …
PARAGRAPH 2 (More details about the painting: physical appearance, clothes , place…
PARAGRAPH 3 (Write what you think the artist was trying to express. Give your opinion)
In my opinion, the painting presents …
COMPOSITION 1
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………
18 Complete the chart about a work of art, the one you like the most in the world:
NAME: …………………………………………………………………..
DATE OF WORK OF ART: …………………………………………………………………..
NAME OF ARTIST: …………………………………………………………………..
STYLE: …………………………………………………………………..
OBJECTS AND PEOPLE (IF ANY): ……………………………………………………………
SHAPES AND COLOURS: …………………………………………………………………..
WHAT THE ARTIST WANTED TO EXPRESS: …………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………..
WRITER’S OPINION: …………………………………………………………………..
19 Write the description of the work of art you have chosen. Use the information in
the chart and organize your ideas into paragraphs:
PARAGRAPH 1 (Introduce the work of art: name/ date/ style/objects/people)
(Name of work of art) was drawn/ painted / sculpted by X in PLACE in DATE
It is called X
It shows …
PARAGRAPH 2 (More details about the painting: physical appearance, clothes , place… )
The shapes are …
The …. Is painted in (colours)
It looks like (+ A NOUN)
PARAGRAPH 3 (Write what you think the artist was trying to express. Give your opinion)
The artist shows …
In my opinion, the painting presents …
I like it because … and it makes me feel …
Useful words: art movement, scene, seascape, colours (bright, cheerful, warm, dull…),
moving, tragic, expressive, elegant, abstract,…
COMPOSITION 2
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………
ADJECTIVES
abandoned neglected
considerate shocking
cruel thoughtless
exotic tough
extraordinary uninformed
irresponsible unwanted
mistreated well-meaning
REPORTING VERBS
admit mention
agree promise
announce report
complain shout
explain warn
REPORTING THE NEWS
It seems that …
Apparently, …
He asked …
It looks like …
He admitted that …
IN THE NEWS
Which one?
REPORTED SPEECH
DIRECT SPEECH: We repeat the original speaker’s words. The speaker’s words
are always between inverted commas (‘…’ / “…”)
Subj. + SAID + (to SB.), ‘ ……’: John said, ‘I like playing tennis’.
INDIRECT OR REPORTED SPEECH: We give the exact meaning of a remark
without necessarily using the speaker’s words.
Subj. + SAID + (THAT) + ……: John said (that) he liked playing tennis.
2. Time expressions:
Today / tonight That day / night
This week / month / year That week / month / year
Now Then
Yesterday The day before / the previous day
Last night / week / month / year The night / week / month / year before
The previous night / week / month / year
A week ago A week before
Tomorrow The next / following day
Next week / month / year The following week / month / year
3. Other words:
This / These that / those
*This / that / these / those + n. the + n.
She said, ‘I bought these pearls for my mum’ She said that she had bought the pearls for
her mum.
*This / these (pronouns) it / they, them
She said to the shop assistant, ‘I like this’ She said to him she liked it.
Here there
4. Verbal tenses:
1 The adjectives in bold are in the wrong sentences. Write them next to the correct
sentences:
a) The photographs from the earthquake were abandoned. I couldn’t look at them.
……………………
b) I don’t trust Tom. He is considerate. ……………………
c) Many people don’t know about the dangers of global warming. They are exotic.
……………………
d) It was cruel of you to call and ask how I was feeling. ……………………
e) The car was shocking under the bridge. ……………………
f) I would like to go on holiday to an irresponsible location. ……………………
g) I think it’s tough to keep animals in cages. ……………………
h) Bob is uninformed. He will survive. ……………………
Grammar
5 Read the sentences and choose a suitable verb that describes each one:
admit • complain • explain • announce • warn • promise • shout • mention • agree
a) “The exhibition ended last night.” ……………………
b) ”Can you hear me now?” ……………………
c) “Yes, I think that’s a good idea.” ……………………
d) ”I forgot to feed the dog today.” ……………………
e) “I’ll help you find a home for these puppies.” ……………………
f) ”Rescue Ink is an organisation that helps animals.” ……………………
g) ”Don’t touch the dog.” ……………………
h) ”I saw Pam at the shopping centre.” ……………………
i) “The food isn’t hot enough.” ……………………
Grammar
6 Complete the mini-dialogues with the correct form of the verbs in brackets.
Use reported speech:
a) A: The zoo will be open tomorrow.
B: Tomorrow? But you said that it …………………… (be) closed until September.
b) A: I’m reading a book about lions.
B: Lions? You said that you …………………… (study) elephants.
c) A: We saw The Lion King on television last night.
B: Really? But you told me that you …………………… (not like) cartoons.
d) A: My dog can open the door with his mouth.
B: Oh, come on! Last week you told me that he …………………… (do) it with his
feet.
e) A: There’s Susan’s cat.
B: What? She told me that she …………………… (be) allergic to cats.
Hi, everybody!
I got back from Kenya this morning. I can’t stop
thinking about my trip, and I want to tell you
about it.
We saw rhinoceroses, elephants, leopards,
zebras and giraffes in the wild. Every night, we
slept in tents, and we heard lions and hyenas all
night long. I’ve never had such an exciting
experience!
I must go back there again one day, so I’m
saving money for another trip. Maybe I’ll
volunteer at an animal reserve.
C U,
Andrea
Andrea said that she 1…………………… back from Kenya 2…………………… . She said
that she 3…………………… stop thinking about 4…………………… trip, and that she
5
…………………… to tell 6…………………… about it. She told us that they
7
…………………… rhinoceroses, elephants, leopards, zebras and giraffes in the wild. She
said that every night, they 8…………………… in tents, and that they 9……………………
lions and hyenas all night long. She said that she 10…………………… such an exciting
experience. She told us that she 11…………………… back there again one day, so she
12
…………………… money for another trip. She said that maybe she 13…………………… at
an animal reserve.
8 Read the text and decide if the following statements are T (true) or F (false). Then
find evidence in the text to support your answers:
A TOUGH DOG
In November 2009, Jan and Dave Griffith decided to take their dog, Sophie, on a sailing
trip off the coast of Queensland, Australia. They weren’t watching Sophie, and suddenly
she was gone. She had fallen into the water. They began to search the area but there
was no sign of the dog. “We didn’t find her because it was such a grey day,” said Mrs
Griffith.
The Griffiths were sure that Sophie had drowned. They were very upset and decided to
return home without their dog. But four months later, they received some good news.
Sophie had not drowned. She was alive.
After she had fallen off the ship, Sophie continued to swim. She swam about 10
kilometres through a rough sea. She arrived at a small island where she survived for
more than four months by killing baby goats and other animals.
The people who were living on the island saw a dog running around, and thought that it
must be a wild dog. When they saw that there were many dead goats on the island,
they called animal rescue workers to come and investigate.
When the Griffiths heard that the animal rescue workers had caught a dog on an island,
they wondered if it could be Sophie. As soon as Sophie saw the Griffiths, she
immediately recognised them.
“We called her name and she got really excited. She began to bark and banged on the
cage. They opened the cage and she ran over to us. It was wonderful!” Mrs Griffith said.
Sophie’s story really is extraordinary and she is very lucky to be alive.
“There are a lot of dangerous animals in the sea,” said a local fisherman. “It’s amazing
that they didn’t attack Sophie.”
T F
a) The Griffiths didn’t see Sophie fall off the boat. ……
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b) The Griffiths always believed that Sophie was alive. ……
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c) People on the island gave Sophie food. ……
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d) Sophie remembered the Griffiths. ……
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9 Choose the correct answer. Then complete the sentence according to the
information found in the text. Use reported speech:
a) The rescue workers / weather conditions made it difficult for the Griffiths to find
Sophie. We know this because Mrs Griffith said that …………………………………..
Writing
10 You are a reporter who is interviewing one of the local people who found
Sophie. Write your questions to him and his answers in direct speech. Then
write a report of what he told you using reported speech:
COMPOSITION 1
INTERVIEW IN DIRECT SPEECH:
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15 Write a news report about that event. Use the information in the chart and
organize your ideas into paragraphs. Here you have got some tips:
PARAGRAPH 1 (Give the background to the event: what’s the problem?)
PARAGRAPH 2 (Describe when and where the event took place and who was involved)
COMPOSITION 2
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17 Write a news report about that event. Use the information in the chart and
organize your ideas into paragraphs. Here you have got some tips:
PARAGRAPH 1 (Give the background to the event: what’s the problem?)
PARAGRAPH 2 (Describe when and where the event took place and who was involved)
COMPOSITION 3
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HEALTH
allergic reaction rash
breathe runny nose
broken foot severe pain
cough sore throat
flu stomach ache
headache swollen
injection symptoms
itchy treatment
pills
KEEPING FIT
achieve your goals personal trainer
get fit put on weight
get in shape relax
lifestyle stretching
lose weight work out
AGREEING AND DISAGREEING
That’s true, but …
I suppose you are right
That’s not how I see it.
You’ve got a point.
Exactly!
I’m sorry, but I disagree.
You’re wrong.
I agree with you.
I recommend …
Prohibition
MUSTN’T You mustn’t smoke.
(NO DEBER, NO TENER QUE)
Los verbos modales no utilizan auxiliares para formar oraciones negativas y preguntas,
excepto la forma HAVE TO*
Can I go to the toilet, please?
You can go to the toilet when you are at home.
You can’t go to the toilet during the lesson.
2 The words in bold are in the wrong sentences. Write them next to the correct
sentences:
a) His injection isn’t very healthy. ……………………
b) He was given a painful pill in his arm. ……………………
c) You must take one pain twice a day. ……………………
d) He has got a headache. The lifestyle in his head is very bad. ……………………
Grammar
5 Complete the sentences for each of the signs below. Use modals:
7 Complete the sentences to show that you have understood the meaning of the
words in bold:
a) People go to the gym to ....................................................................................................... .
b) You should .................................................................................................... to lose weight.
c) You will get fit if you ............................................................................................................. .
d) People change their lifestyle when they .............................................................................. .
e) If you achieve your goals, you will feel ............................................................................... .
Grammar
Dear Mary,
I’m so sorry, but I 1 must / can’t meet you tomorrow. I have got a runny nose and I 2
can’t / don’t have to breathe so I 3 have to / can go to the doctor. He 4 must / may
tell me that I 5 should / mustn’t take some medicine and stay in bed. He 6 has to /
might also tell me that I 7 should / can stay away from other people because they 8
have to / might catch my illness.
Anyway, I’ll call you next week when I’m feeling better. I have so much to tell you.
Speak soon,
Amy
10 What would you say in the following situations? Use a suitable modal in each
sentence:
a) You ask your teacher permission to leave the room.
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b) You tell your friend that you need to leave the party or you will miss the bus home.
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c) Your sister asks permission to use your camera and you agree.
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d) Your sister is playing her music very loudly and it is bothering you.
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e) You think your best friend is too thin.
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f) You are invited to a swimming party, but you don’t know how to swim.
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11 The words below appear in the text in Exercise 12. Find the words and guess
their meanings in your own language. Use a dictionary to check your guesses:
a) lifts …………………… c) spread ……………………
b) air conditioning …………………… d) fireproof ……………………
Writing
14 Write a letter to your headmaster and suggest ways that he / she could help
raise the fitness levels of the students at the school:
COMPOSITION 1
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REFERENCING
16 Read the text and write the nouns that the pronouns and possessive adjective in
bold refer to:
Hal was in the emergency room yesterday. 1) IT was very crowded. Has was there
because he had hurt 2) HIS arm while he was playing basketball and 3) IT was very
swollen. When he finally saw a doctor, 4) SHE told 5) HIM it was broken.
1) …………………………… 2) …………………………… 3) ……………………………
4) …………………………… 5) ……………………………
19 Write an informative essay about the POLIO VACCINATION. Use the information
in the chart and organize your ideas into paragraphs. Here you have got some tips:
PARAGRAPH 1 (Introduce the discovery. Write what it is and why it is important)
PARAGRAPH 2 (Give facts and information about the discovery)
X was/were discovered in … by …
PARAGRAPH 3 (Sum up and repeat the main ideas)
X is/are used today to …/ … is/are one of the most …
COMPOSITION 2
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21 Write an informative essay about SPINNING BIKES. Use the information in the
chart and organize your ideas into paragraphs. Here you have got some tips:
PARAGRAPH 1 (Introduce the discovery. Write what it is and why it is important)
PARAGRAPH 2 (Give facts and information about the discovery)
X was/were discovered in … by …
PARAGRAPH 3 (Sum up and repeat the main ideas)
X is/are used today to …/ … is/are one of the most … / … is/are a great way to …
COMPOSITION 3
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