Pharmacology clinical case file

Glaucoma in dog

Dr. Jibachha Sah, M.V.Sc, Lecturer,

A case study of mode of action of drug for
Veterinary pharmacology, NPI, Chitwan,
practicing veterinarian and students
Nepal,+977-9845024121
 Case study
A 8 years old Labrador female dog noted to have open angle
glaucoma and prescribed pilocarpin ophthalmic drop.

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 Ask yourself
●What is action of pilocarpine on the muscle of the iris and
cilia?

●What receptor mediates this action?

●Is pilocarpine the appropriate first line drug for treatment of

open angle glaucoma?

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 Glaucoma clinical correlation

Open angle glaucoma is a disease caused by obstruction of the outflow of aqueous humor into the canal of
Schlemm, causing an increase in intraocular pressure.

Schlemm's
canal

Schlemm's canal is a circular lymphatic-like vessel in the eye

that collects aqueous humor from the anterior chamber and
delivers it into the episcleral blood vessels via aqueous veins.
It is named after Friedrich Schlemm (1795–1858), a
German anatomist.
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 What is action of pilocarpine eye drop?

Pilocarpine is a direct acting muscarinic agonist, which

contract the muscle of cilia and iris of the eyes. Because these
are circular muscles, the pupil is constricted, which help to
relieve outflow of obstruction and lower the intra ocular
pressure.

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Option of Pilocarpine ophthalmic drop

Latanoprost ophthalmic is used to

treat glaucoma (a condition in which increased
pressure in the eye can lead to gradual loss of
vision) and ocular hypertension (a condition
which causes increased pressure in the eye).

Latanoprost is in a class of medications called

prostaglandin analogs.

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Answer

●What is action of pilocarpine on the muscle of the iris and cilia? Constriction of the
muscle

●What receptor mediates this action? Muscarinic cholinoreceptor

●Is pilocarpine the appropriate first line drug for treatment of open angle glaucoma?
Prostaglandin analogs

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THANK YOU