Punjabi university Patiala

E- Business Assignment
Submitted to :-
Mr. kunal
Submitted by :-
Depinder deep singh walia
M.B.A (FYIC) semester 4th sec-B
18411006
 Acknowledge
I would like to express my special thanks of gratitude to
my teacher (Mr. Kunal) who gave me the golden
opportunity to do this wonderful project on the topic (E-
commerce), which also helped me in doing a lot of
Research and i came to know about so many new things I
am really thankful
Electronic Commerce
E-Commerce or Electronic Commerce means buying and
selling of goods, Products, or services over the internet. E-
commerce is also known as electronic commerce or
internet commerce. These services provided online over
the internet network. Transaction of money, funds, and
data are also considered as E-commerce. These business
transactions can be done in four ways: Business to
Business (B2B), Business to Customer (B2C), Customer to
Customer (C2C), Customer to Business (C2B).

The standard definition of E-commerce is a commercial

transaction which is happened over the internet. Online
stores like Amazon, Flipkart, Shopify, Myntra, Ebay,
Quikr, Olx are examples of E-commerce websites. By
2020, global retail e-commerce can reach up to $27
Trillion. Let us learn in detail about what is the advantages
and disadvantages of E-commerce and its types.
E-Commerce or Electronic
Commerce
E-commerce is a popular term for electronic commerce or
even internet commerce. The name is self-explanatory, it
is the meeting of buyers and sellers on the internet. This
involves the transaction of goods and services, the
transfer of funds and the exchange of data.
So when you log into your Amazon and purchase a book, this
is a classic example of an e-commerce transaction. Here you
interact with the seller (Amazon), exchange data in form of
pictures, text, address for delivery etc. and then you make
the payment.
As of now, e-commerce is one of the fastest growing
industries in the global economy. As per one estimate, it
grows nearly 23% every year. And it is projected to be a $27
trillion industry by the end of this decade.
Types of E-Commerce Models
Electronic commerce can be classified into four main
categories. The basis for this simple classification is the
parties that are involved in the transactions. So the four
basic electronic commerce models are as follows,
1. Business to Business
This is Business to Business transactions. Here the
companies are doing business with each other. The
final consumer is not involved. So the online transactions
only involve the manufacturers, wholesalers, retailers etc.
2. Business to Consumer
Business to Consumer. Here the company will sell their
goods and/or services directly to the consumer. The
consumer can browse their websites and look at products,
pictures, read reviews. Then they place their order and the
company ships the goods directly to them. Popular
examples are Amazon, Flipkart, Jabong etc.
3. Consumer to Consumer
Consumer to consumer, where the consumers are in direct
contact with each other. No company is involved. It helps
people sell their personal goods and assets directly to an
interested party. Usually, goods traded are cars, bikes,
electronics etc. OLX, Quikr etc follow this model.
4. Consumer to Business
This is the reverse of B2C, it is a consumer to business.
So the consumer provides a good or some service to
the company. Say for example an IT freelancer who
demos and sells his software to a company. This would be
a C2B transaction.
What is the Nature and Scope of
Ecommerce?
Electronic commerce, normally known as ecommerce, is
the purchasing and selling of product or administration
over electronic frameworks, for example, the Internet and
other PC systems. Electronic commerce draws on such
innovations as electronic funds transfer, supply chain
management, Internet marketing, online exchange
preparing, Electronic Data Interchange (EDI), inventory
frameworks, and computerized information assortment
frameworks. Present-day electronic commerce normally
utilizes the World Wide Web in any event at one point in
the exchange’s life-cycle, despite the fact that it might
include a more extensive scope of advancements, for
example, email, cell phones and phones too.
Electronic commerce is by and large viewed as the
business part of e-business. It likewise comprises the
trading of information to encourage the financing and
installment parts of business exchanges. Indeed, even
today, some significant time after the dot com, electronic
commerce (e-commerce) stays a moderately new, rising
and always changing region of business the executives
and information technology. There has been and keeps on
being a lot of exposure and talks about ecommerce.
Library lists and retires are loaded up with books and
articles regarding the matter. Be that as it may, there stays
a feeling of perplexity, doubt and misjudging
encompassing the territory, which has been exacerbated
by the various settings wherein electronic business is
utilized, combined with the bunch related popular
expressions and abbreviations.
In the rising worldwide economy, online business and e-
business have progressively become a fundamental part of
the business technique and a solid impetus for monetary
advancement. The coordination of Information and
Communications Technology (ICT) in business has
changed connections inside associations and those
between and among associations and people. In particular,
the utilization of ICT in business has upgraded
profitability, empowered more prominent client
cooperation, and empowered mass customization, other
than lessening costs.
The name of the game is vital positioning, the capacity of
an organization to decide developing chances and use the
important human capital abilities to benefit as much as
possible from these open doors through an e-business
procedure that is basic, functional and practicable inside
the setting of a worldwide data milieu and new financial
condition. With its impact of making everything fair,
ecommerce combined with the fitting system and
arrangement approach empowers little and medium scale
ventures to rival huge and capital-rich organizations.
The scope of ecommerce business
With the developing utilization of media machines like a
Smartphone, workstation, PC with web access, the skyline
of ecommerce business improvement is extending day-by-
day. Due to the accessibility of contraptions and simple
web access has lead individuals to web-based shopping.
Among many, expanding the tech-mindful populace, web
speed and availability mediums are the most compelling
variables for ecommerce business advancement on the
planet.
“Albeit worldwide ecommerce building decelerated
somewhat, the online portion of complete retail deals has
relentlessly been on the ascent—with entrance expanding
from 11.3% in 2016 to 13.3% in 2017, Internet Retailer
gauges. A year ago, Internet Retailer gauges hit 15.2%.
Advantages of E-Commerce
• E-commerce provides the sellers with a global reach.
They remove the barrier of place (geography). Now
sellers and buyers can meet in the virtual world, without
the hindrance of location.
• Electronic commerce will substantially lower the
transaction cost. It eliminates many fixed costs of
maintaining brick and mortar shops. This allows the
companies to enjoy a much higher margin of profit.
• It provides quick delivery of goods with very little
effort on part of the customer. Customer complaints are
also addressed quickly. It also saves time, energy and
effort for both the consumers and the company.
• One other great advantage is the convenience it offers.
A customer can shop 24×7. The website is functional at
all time, it does not have working hours like a shop.
• Electronic commerce also allows the customer and
the business to be in touch directly, without any
intermediaries. This allows for
quick communication and transactions. It also gives a
valuable personal touch.
Disadvantages of E-Commerce
• The start-up costs of the e-commerce portal are very
high. The setup of the hardware and the software, the
training cost of employees, the constant maintenance
and upkeep are all quite expensive.
• Although it may seem like a sure thing, the e-
commerce industry has a high risk of failure. Many
companies riding the dot-com wave of the 2000s have
failed miserably. The high risk of failure remains even
today.
• At times, e-commerce can feel impersonal. So it lacks
the warmth of an interpersonal relationship which is
important for many brands and products. This lack of a
personal touch can be a disadvantage for many types of
services and products like interior designing or the
jewelry business.
• Security is another area of concern. Only recently, we
have witnessed many security breaches where the
information of the customers was stolen. Credit card
theft, identity theft etc. remain big concerns with the
customers.
• Then there are also fulfillment problems. Even after the
order is placed there can be problems with shipping,
delivery, mix-ups etc. This leaves the customers
unhappy and dissatisfied.
 Conclusion
E-Commerce is not just about conducting business
transactions via the Internet. Its impact will be far-
reaching, and more prominent then we know currently.
This is because the revolution in information technology
is happening simultaneously with other developments,
especially the globalization of the business. The new age
global e-commerce is creating entirely new economy and
that will tremendously change our lives, will reshape the
competition in various industries, and alter the economy
globally. As companies are gaining high profits, more and
more other companies are developing their websites to
increase their profits. Since more businesses are being
held online resulting in high economy development and
emergence of a more innovative and advanced
technology.
 Bibliography
1. Creativewebsols.com
2. Investopedia.net
3. Economicmarketing.org