CH125P 1st Q 2019-2020

1. An aqueous sodium hydroxide was prepared using electrolytic process and the product contains 28
% by weight NaOH. There is a demand for a 50 % NaOH solution. To attain this, the original product
was sent to an evaporator. How much 28 % NaOH solution is needed to produced 50 kg of the final
product. How much water is evaporated?

28 % NaOH solution 50 % NaOH solution

Evaporator
F P = 50 kg

Required: F, W

Basis: 50 kg of F

NaOH Balance: 0.28 F = 9.5(50)

F = 89.3 kg

OMB: 89.3 = W + 50

W - 39.3 kg

2. It is desired to produce an HCl solution by diluting 100 mL of a 1M solution with 100 mL of water,
What is the mass % of HCl in the resulting solution

F2 = 100 mL
H2O

F1 = 100 mL
Mixer
1M HCl
P=?
% mass HCl = ?
Required: % (m) HCl in P

Basis: 100 mL of F1
 Note: density of water = 1 g/ml
Assume: density of 1M HCl = 1 g/ml

F1 = 100 g
F2 = 100 g
From OMB: P = 100 + 100 = 200 g
Let x = % HCl in P
HCl balance
䱸೸ th
(1 )(0.1 L)( 䱸೸
= (200)

X = 1.82 % HCl

3. Three hundred gallons of a mixture containing 75.0 wt% ethanol and 25% water is distilled to
produce a 98 wt % ethanol. If the bottom product contains 13.74 wt% alcohol, what are the weights
of the Top and Bottom product? What is the % recovery of the ethanol?

T
98 wt % ethanol
F , 300 gal
Distilling
75.0 wt% ethanol Column
25% water

B
13.74 wt% alcohol

Required: % recovery of alcohol

Basis: 100 g of F

OMB: 100 = T + B
Ethanol balance:
0.75(100) = 0.98(T) + 0.1374(B)

T = 72.7 g
h h
% recovery of alcohol = h
x 100 = 95 %
4. A 40 wt% KCl is cooled to 20 oC where the solubility of KCl is 34.2 g/100 g water. What % of the KCl
will crystalized?

40 wt% KCl

F Crystallizer ML

34.2 g KCl/100 g water

KCl

Required: % KCl crystallized

Basis: 100 g of F

OMB: 100 = C + ML

KCl balance:
th
0.4(100) = C + ML( Ͳ th

C = 19.48 g
ht
% KCl crystallized = ht
100 = 48.7 %

5.
 Required: m1, fraction of solute recovered in Organic solvent
Basis: 200 kg/hr of aqueous feed

Water balance: 0.86(200) = (1-0.005)( m3)

m3 = 172.86

OMB: 200 + m1 = 225 + 172.86

m1 = 197.86 kg/hr

S balance: 0.14(200) = (x2)(225) + 0.005(172.86)

x2 = 0.1206
h t
fraction reovered = h t
= 0.969

6. a) Convert 20 lbm-ft/s2 to the equivalent kg-cm/min2

t h t t
20 lbm - x h ೸
x x t
x t
= 9.9 x 10 5 kg-cm/min2
b) The density of a substance is given by the

h
 = 70.5

Where  is the density in lbm/ft3 and P is pressure in lbf/in2.

What are the units of 70.5 and 8.27 x 10-7?

70.5 lbm/ft3
h in2/ lbf

7. An air contains 21 mol % Oxygen and 79 mol % Nitrogen. Calculate the average molar mass of air.
 mol (Basis: Molar mass, Mass, g
100 mol) g/mol
O
2 21 x 32 = 672
N
2 79 x 28 = 2212
S
 2884

t
Average Molar mass = = 28.84 g/mol