GENERAL CHEMISTRY 2

CHEM-2122 Grade 12
AMA30K
How many grams of AgNO3 (MM=169.87) are needed to prepare 0.125M solution in 250mL of water?

Answer: 5.3g

How many mL of 10.8M HCl are required to make 100.0mL of 3.00M acid?

Answer: 27.8mL

True or False? The higher the concentration of a solution the less solutes it has in it.

Answer: False

How many moles of NaCl are present in a solution with a molarity of 8.59M and a volume of 125mL?

Answer: 1.07mol

What volume of 1.50 M KBr can be made from 15.6mL of concentrated KBr with a molarity of 9.65M?

Answer: 100mL

Calculate the molarity of the following solution: 1.0 mole of KCl in 750.0mL of solution.

Answer: 1.3M

Which of the following has the most NaCl (MM=58.44)?

Answer: 1mole

Find the molarity of 186.55 g of sucrose, C12H22011 (MM=342) in 250mL of water.

Answer: 2.18M

How many moles are needed to make 2.5L of a 3.8M solution?

Answer: 9.5mol

What is the molarity of 4 g of NaCl (MM=58.45) in 3,800mL of solution?

Answer: 0.018 M

How many liters would you need to make 1M solution if you have 6mol of sodium hydroxide?
Answer: 6

How many grams of solute are dissolved in 125.0mL of 5.00M NaCl (MM=58.45)?

Answer: 36.5g NaCl

What is the molarity of a solution made by diluting 26.5 mL of 6.00M HNO3 to a volume of 250 mL?

Answer: 0.636M

Which sweet tea would you expect to taste the sweetest?

Answer: 3.1M

What is the molarity of a solution made by adding 1.565 moles of PbNO3 to 500 mL?

Answer: 3.13M

Which of these molecules could have dipole-dipole attraction?

Answer: PCl3 

London forces are stronger in heavier atoms or molecules, and weaker in lighter atoms or molecules.
Which of these has the strongest London forces?

Answer: I2

Van der Waals forces include

Answer: Both London and dipole-dipole attractions

Does NH3 have hydrogen bonding?

Answer: No

Does HF have hydrogen bonding?

Answer: Yes

Which is the second strongest intermolecular force, after hydrogen bonding?

Answer: Dipole-dipole attraction

Which kind of intermolecular force is strongest?

Answer: Hydrogen bonding

Does CH4 have hydrogen bonding?

Answer: No
Hydrogen bonding occurs when hydrogen is bonded to N, O , or F. Which of the following has hydrogen
bonding?

Answer: NH3 

Does HCl have hydrogen bonding?

Answer: No

Which is stronger?

Answer: Intermolecular forces 

Dipole-dipole attraction occurs when molecules are polar. Which of these molecules contains a polar
bond

Answer: HCl

All molecules have London forces between them, but dipole-dipole and hydrogen bonding are so much
stronger that when they are present we can ignore London forces. Which of these has ONLY London
forces?

Answer: I2

Which of the following is NOT a kind of intermolecular force?

Answer: Covalent bond

Does NO2 have hydrogen bonding?

Answer: No

Does H2S have hydrogen bonding?

Answer: No

A substance capable of hydrogen bonding has a ____________ boiling point than a similar substance
that doesn’t hydrogen bond.

Answer: Higher

Does H2O have hydrogen bonding?

Answer: Yes

Which kinds of substances are held together by intermolecular forces?

Answer: Molecules (covalent) in solid and liquid phases 

Which of these molecules could have dipole-dipole attractions?

Answer: HCl (electronegativity difference = 1.1) 

What is the measuring unit for mass?

Answer: Grams

Fluids with very low viscosity very __________.

Answer: Fast

A block has a mass of 54g and a volume of 20cm3. What is the density of the block?

Answer: 2.7g/cm3 

Which unit of measurement is used for volume?

Answer: Milliliter

Which lab tool might you use to measure the volume of a liquid?

Answer: Graduated cylinder

What units are used to measure Density?

Answer: g/cm3

What is viscosity?

Answer: A liquid’s resistance to flow

Why do some substances float on water?

Answer: They are less dense than water 

A brick sinks in water while a wooden block of the same size floats. This is because the brick has a
___________.

Answer: Higher density than the wooden block 

Which box has a higher density? 

Answer: Box A

A piece of copper has a mass of 89g and a volume of 10cm3. What would be the density of the copper?

Answer: 8.9g/cm3
The following liquids are poured in a beaker: alcohol (density=0.79), corn syrup (density=1.38), water
(density=1.0), and cooking oil (density= 0.93). which of theses liquids will sink to the bottom of the
beaker?

Answer: Corn syrup

What is the mass if the volume of the object is 75 cm3 and the density is 1.56g/cm3?

Answer: 117 grams

Put the liquids in order from most dense to least dense?

Answer: 4,3,2,1

Which property of matter is determined by dividing its mass by its volume?

Answer: Density

The piece of copper has a mass of 89g and a volume of 10cm3. What would be the density of the
copper?

Answer:  8.9g/cm3

Define the term “mass”

Answer: The amount of matter in an object

Fluids with very high viscosity flow very ___________.

Answer: Slow

As temperature increases viscosity __________.

Answer: Decreases

It is an indication of the escape of molecules from the surface of the liquid.

Answer: Evaporation

Surface tension is the property of water in which

Answer: Water molecules at the surface tend to stick together

Surface tension of water can be reduced by

Answer: Heating

Because of surface tension, you can put things into a full of water and

Answer: The water will never spill

Water beads up on the surface of a penny because of this property

Answer: High surface tension

Force of attraction between similar molecules is called

Answer: Cohesive Force

What is adhesion?

Answer: Water’s ability to stick to other substances

Water’s ability to stick to glass is

Answer: Adhesion

Rain drops are spherical in shape because of

Answer: Surface tension

Describe COHESION

Answer: Water molecules attracted to other water molecules

What word describes when water is attracted to other substances?

Answer: Adhesion

Refer to the picture of water sticking to a leaf, this is occurring because of

Answer: Adhesion

Tendency of molecules of the same kind to stick to one another

Answer: Cohesion

Water droplets take a spherical shape (as pictured) because of

Answer: Cohesion

Which characteristic of water will allow a paperclip to remain floating on water when the paperclip is
gently placed on top of the water?

Answer: Solvent properties

Water droplets take a spherical shape (as pictured) because of

Answer: Cohesion

What is the basis of a metallic bond?

Answer: The attraction between positive metal ions and free-floating electrons.

Which substance would have the weakest intermolecular forces of attraction?

Answer: CH4

The model used to describe and explain the bonding and arrangement of atoms in a solid metal is the

Answer: Electron sea model

Intermolecular forces for: CO2

Answer: Dispersion Force

Determine the type of intermolecular force present in SiO2.

Answer: Covalent network

This picture most likely depicts the arrangement of atoms in a __________.

Answer: Metal

Intermolecular force present HCl?

Answer: Dipole dipole

Does HCl have hydrogen bonding? (LQ#1)

Answer: Yes

Intermolecular forces for NH3

Answer: Hydrogen bonding

________________________________ have the strongest intermolecular forces of attraction.

Answer: Hydrogen bonds

Does CH4 have hudrogen bonding?

Answer: No

Ionic Bonding involves…

Answer: The transfer of electrons

Which is the strongest intermolecular force below?

Answer: Ionic
What explains the very high melting and boiling point of water.

Answer: Strong hydrogen bonds between water molecules

Which of the following solutions has the highest boiling point? Assume that all solutes in solution are
nonvolatile.

Answer: 1m magnesium chloride

Colligative properties are dependent only on the number of particles in a solution, and not their identity.
(select all that apply)

Answer: Lowering of vapor pressure, Depression of freezing point, Elevation of boiling point, Osmotic
pressure

Molality, also called molal concentration, is a measure of the concentration of a solute, in a solution in
terms of amount of substance in a specified amount of mass of the solvent.

Answer: True

Osmotic pressure is the minimum pressure which needs to be applied to a solution to prevent the
inward flow of its pure solvent across a semipermeable membrane

Answer: True

If 4.27 g sucrose (C12H22O11) are dissolved in 15.2 g water, what is the boiling point of the resulting
solution? Kb for water= 0.51℃/m. ΔTb= I x Kb x m.

Answer: 10.42℃

Which of the following colligative properties is associated with a semipermeable membrane?

Answer: Osmotic pressure

The change in the vapor pressure that occurs when a solute is added to a solvent is therefore a
colligative property.

Answer: True

The basic law governing the colligative properties of solutions is Raoult’s law. Raoult’s law explains the
relationship between the vapor pressure of the solution, mole fraction, and vapour pressure of the
solvent. This can be given as:

Answer: P1= x1p1°

What is the name for a substance that dissolves in water but does not form ions or conduct an electric
current?
Answer: Nonelectrolyte

Colligative properties are dependent only on the number of particles in a solution, and not their identity.

Answer: True

What is the boiling point of a solution created when four moles of glucose are dissolved in two kg of
water? Assume that glucose isa nonvolatile solute. Kb water= 0.515℃.kg/mol

Answer: 101.03℃

Examples of colligative properties include vapor pressure lowering, freezing point depression, osmotic
pressure, molarity, molality and boiling point elevation.

Answer: False

What is the osmotic pressure (atm) of a 0.30 M solution of glucose in water that is used for intravenous
infusion at body temperature, 37℃? R=0.082 L.atm/mol.k

Answer: 0.76 atm

Colligative properties are not dependent only on the number of particles in a solution, and their identity.

Answer: False

Antifreeze works because the freezing and boiling points of liquids are “colligative” properties. This
means they depend on the concentrations of “solutes”, or dissolved substances, in the solution.

Answer: True

Is the combustion of gasoline endothermic or exothermic?

Answer: Exothermic

As someone is running on the track they begin to perspire. If the runner is our system, are they
endothermic or exothermic?

Answer: Exothermic process

A reaction is performed in a beaker with a temperature probe recording the temperature changes of the
reaction. If the temperature began at 15.0 degrees Celsius and ended at 27.5 degrees Celsius. If the
reaction is our system, is the system endothermic or exothermic?

Answer: Endothermic

Refer the following question: 2n2 + 3H2 → 2NH3 +46 kJ. How much energy would be produced if only 1
mol of nitrogen was reacted?
Answer: 23kJ

How much energy must be used to produce 4.75 mol of gaseous water?: H20 (l) + 44.0 kJ - → H2O (g)

Answer: 207kJ

What mass of P4 must be reacted to produce 5905 kJ of energy?: P4 + 6Cl2 - → 4PCl3 + 2439 kJ

Answer: 300.0g

Do reactants in an endothermic reaction have a higher or lower energy than the products?

Answer: Lower

Do the reactants in an exothermic reaction have a higher or lower energy than the products?

Answer: Higher

In an exothermic process the surrounding loses heat

Answer: False

In an endothermic reaction the system is releasing energy.

Answer: False

How does a catalyst work in speeding up a reaction?

Answer: By lowering the activation energy or reaction

Why does a higher concentration increase the rate of reaction?

Answer: It increases the frequency of particle collisions

Why does a higher temperature increase the rate of a reaction?

Answer: It only increases the frequency of particle collisions

What factors can affect the value of the activation energy of a reaction?

Answer: The presence of a catalyst

Catalysts are thought to increase the rate of a chemical reaction by

Answer: Providing an alternative reaction pathway with a lower activation energy

Increasing the temperature of a chemical reaction

Answer: Increases the energy of the reactant and product particles

What is the rate of reaction?

Answer: How fast a reaction is

Grinding a effervescent tablet into powder increases the rate of reaction due to increased

Answer: Surface area

The ___________ is required to break the bonds of the reactants.

Answer: Activation energy

List four factors that affects the rate of a reaction

Answer: Temperature, Surface area, Catalyst, Concentration

Olive oil

Answer: Homogenous mixture mix

In general, substances with stronger intermolecular forces have _____ boiling points than those with
weaker forces

Answer: Higher

Which of the following geometries could be nonpolar?

Answer: Tetrahedral

Which of the following is a polar molecule?

Answer: H2O

Kool-Aid – Powder, sugar, and water. Identify the solvent

Answer: Water

Which is an example of a solution?

Answer: Juice

When materials combine to form a mixture, they

Answer: Keep their original properties.

What type of solution is shown in the picture? 30% Solute 60% H2O

Answer: Hypertonic

When a certain amount of solvent cannot hold any more solute it is called a _____ solution
Answer: Saturated

How will the following molecule bond with itself?

Answer: Dipole

Solubility refers to the ___ of solute that can dissolve in a certain volume or mass of solvent, at a certain
temperature

Answer: Amount

Which of the following molecules, based on the elements present, would be most polar?

Answer: HF

How does a solution become supersaturated?

Answer: Dissolve more solute than you should be able to

A 3 M solution has how many moles per liter?

Answer: 3

Which is the strongest intermolecular force below”

Answer: Hydrogen bonding

What type of solution is shown in the picture? 10% Solute 90% H2O

Answer: Hypotonic

Type of intermolecular force present in HF

Answer: H-bond

Diluting a solution reduces the total number of moles per liter of solution

Answer: False

Which of these is not an intermolecular force?

Answer: Covalent bonding

Intermolecular forces are the forces

Answer: between molecules

What type of solution is shown in the picture? 1% Solute 99% H2O

Answer: Hypertonic
Another name for a homogenous mixture is

Answer: a solution

Intermolecular force present in CHF3

Answer: dipole dipole

Moles of solute= Molarity x Volume

Answer: True

How does a solution become supersaturated?

Answer: dissolve more solute than you should be able to

This is the part of a solution that dissolves

Answer: Solute

What does it mean to dilute a solution?

Answer: lower the concentration of solute per solvent

What explains the very high melting and boiling point of water?

Answer: Hydrogen bonds between water molecules

Contains the maximum amount of dissolved solute

Answer: saturated solution

Which of the following is NOT TRUE about Heterogeneous Mixtures?

Answer: Solutions are a type of heterogenous mixture

The image shown is an example of a

Answer: Solution

Does NH3 have hydrogen bonding?

Answer: yes

What is a substance that is dissolved in another substance?

Answer: solute

Intermolecular force present in Cl2?

Answer: dispersion

What is the difference between concentration and saturation?

Answer: concentration is a fixed % and saturation refers to amount of solute dissolved

Which of the following has the highest boiling point?

Answer: NH3

This solution would be considered

Answer: Saturated

Which of the following would have molecule(dipole)-ion attractions?

Answer: NaCl(aq)

Which noble gas has the highest boiling point?

Answer: Xe

How do you calculate the molarity of a solution?

Answer: Dividing the moles of solute by the L of solution

Salt water is a

Answer: solution

In this mixture, which of the following will be the solute?

Answer: The powder on the spoon

This type of mixture contains two or more substances that are visibly distinguishable

Answer: heterogeneous

Determine the type of intermolecular force present in sand, SiO2

Answer: covalent network

Intermolecular force present in HCl? Dipole dipole

Answer: Dispersion

Type of intermolecular force present in l2, Br2, and Cl2

Answer: Dispersion
A molecule containing polar covalent bonds is always polar

Answer: False

What is a solvent?

Answer: The substance that does the dissolving in a solution

Which is an example of a solution?

The correct answer is: Juice

A molecule containing polar covalent bonds is always polar.

The correct answer is 'False'.

What is a substance that is dissolved in another substance?

The correct answer is: solute

Olive Oil

The correct answer is: Homogeneous mixture

The image shown is an example of a ___________. (Kool-Aid)

The correct answer is: solution

This type of mixture contains two or more substances that are visibly distinguishable.

The correct answer is: heterogeneous

What does it mean to dilute a solution?

The correct answer is: lower the concentration of solute per solvent

A 3 M solution has how many moles per liter?

The correct answer is: 3

Diluting a solution reduces the total number of moles per liter of solution.

The correct answer is 'False'.

What type of solution is shown in the picture?

1% - Solute

99% - Water

The correct answer is: Hypotonic

Does NH3 have hydrogen bonding?

The correct answer is: yes

Contains the maximum amount of dissolved solute

The correct answer is: saturated solution

What is the difference between concentration and saturation?

The correct answer is: concentration is a fixed % and saturation refers to amount of solute
dissolved

Which of the following is a polar molecule?

The correct answer is: H2O

Intermolecular force present in HCl? dipole dipole

The correct answer is: Dispersion

How does a solution become supersaturated?

The correct answer is: dissolve more solute than you should be able to.

Type of intermolecular force present in I2, Br2, and Cl2.

The correct answer is: Dispersion

Which of the following would have molecule(dipole)-ion attractions?

The correct answer is: NaCl(aq)

Moles of solute= Molarity x Volume.

The correct answer is 'True'.

Which of the following is NOT TRUE about Heterogeneous Mixtures?

The correct answer is: Solutions are a type of heterogenous mixture

What is a solvent?

The correct answer is: The substance that does the dissolving in a solution.

This solution would be considered

The correct answer is: Saturated

Which of the following has the highest boiling point?

The correct answer is: NH3

What type of solution is shown in the picture?

60% Solute

40% Water

The correct answer is: Hypertonic

When a certain amount of solvent cannot hold any more solute it is called a ________ solution.

The correct answer is: Saturated

Kool-Aid - Powder, sugar, and water. Identify the solvent

The correct answer is: water

Intermolecular force present in Cl2?

The correct answer is: dispersion

In this mixture, which of the following will be the solute?

Glass, spoon, powder, and water

The correct answer is: The powder on the spoon

Which is the strongest intermolecular force below"

The correct answer is: Hydrogen bonding

Intermolecular forces are the forces

The correct answer is: between molecules

Which of these is not an intermolecular force?

The correct answer is: covalent bonding

Which noble gas has the highest boiling point?

The correct answer is: Xe

Salt water is a

The correct answer is: solution

How does a solution become supersaturated?

The correct answer is: dissolve more solute than you should be able to.

How do you calculate the molarity of a solution?

The correct answer is: Dividing the moles of solute by the L of solution
 Hydrogen bonding occurs when hydrogen is bonded to N, O, or F. Which of the following would
have hydrogen bonding with water molecules?

NO2, . H2S
Which of the following molecules, based on the elements present, would be most polar?

The correct answer is: HF

Type of intermolecular force present in HF.

The correct answer is: H-bond

Intermolecular force present in CHF3

The correct answer is: dipole dipole

Which of the following geometries could be nonpolar?

The correct answer is: tetrahedral

What type of solution is shown in the picture?

10% solute

90% water

The correct answer is: Hypertonic

What explains the very high melting and boiling point of water?

The correct answer is: Hydrogen bonds between water molecules

Which formula represents a nonpolar molecule?

 HBr
c. CBr4
d. H2S

Solubility refers to the ____ of solute that can dissolve in a certain volume or mass of solvent, at a
certain temperature.

The correct answer is: Amount

Determine the type of intermolecular force present in sand, SiO2.

The correct answer is: covalent network

This is the part of a solution that dissolves

The correct answer is: Solute

When materials combine to form a mixture, they

The correct answer is: a. keep their original properties.

In general, substances with stronger intermolecular forces have ________ boiling points than

those with weaker forces

The correct answer is: Higher

Another name for a homogeneous mixture is

The correct answer is: a solution.

 How will the following molecule bond with itself?

The correct answer is: Dipole