GENERAL CHEMISTRY 2 Week 11 – 19 by Querubin Cabalida

Changes in pressure will only affect substances that are in the __________ state.
Gaseous

What are the two factors to look for when determining if the reaction is at equilibrium?
Forward and revers reaction rates are equal and concentration is equal

This symbol indicates that a reaction is ___________

Reversible

When the rate of the forward reaction is equal to the rate of backward reaction, the system is said to be
in
Chemical Equilibrium

For the reaction... SO2+O2⇌SO3SO2+O2⇌SO3. If the concentration of SO2SO2 is increased, the

equilibrium of the reaction will shift ___________.
Right

For the reaction... N2(g)+3H2(g)⇌2NH3(g)N2(g)+3H2(g)⇌2NH3(g). If the pressure in the system

is increased, which substance(s) will increase in concentration?
NH3

What is the effect of increasing the pressure on the following equilibrium: 2NO(g)+O2(g)⇌2NO2(g)?
TheyieldofNO2increases

2SO2(g)+O2(g)⇌2SO3(g)2SO2(g)+O2(g)⇌2SO3(g). Removing O2(g)O2(g) will

shift equilibrium left

2SO2(g)+O2(g)⇌2SO3(g)2SO2(g)+O2(g)⇌2SO3(g). Adding SO3(g)SO3(g) will

shift equilibrium left

Which of the following is NOT true at equilibrium?

The concentration of the reactants is equal to the concentration of the products.

A substance with a high specific heat:

Which of the following would have the highest entropy?

Requires a lot of energy to become hot.

Temperature is a measure of the...

average kinetic energy of molecules in a substance

Thermal energy always moves:

From a high temperature object to a lower temperature object.

The transfer of thermal energy between objects of different temperatures is called...

Heat

H2(g)+Cl2(g)⇌2HCl(g)H2(g)+Cl2(g)⇌2HCl(g). Removing Cl2(g)Cl2(g) will

shift equilibrium left

A_____________ is a device for measuring temperature.

Thermometer

Which law states "The entropy of a closed system is always increasing"?

2nd Law

The first law of thermodynamics states that energy is

created and destroyed

H2(g)+Cl2(g)⇌2HCl(g)H2(g)+Cl2(g)⇌2HCl(g) The forward reaction is exothermic. What will happen

to the equilibrium if the temperature is increased?
equilibrium shifts left

Heat transfer by convection occurs when...

large numbers of atoms move from place to place

Heat transfer by conduction occurs when...

particles bump into each other

When thermal energy is added to a substance, the substance's particles move:

More rapidly at an increased distance from each other.

A slower particle has a lower energy than an identical, faster particle.

It is possible to reach absolute zero.

True

Heat travels from the sun to the earth by the process of...
Radiation

H2(g)+Cl2(g)⇌2HCl(g)H2(g)+Cl2(g)⇌2HCl(g). Increasing the pressure will

have no change

It is possible to reach absolute zero.

False
The temperature of a glass of cold water will eventually...

Match the temperature of the surrounding environment.

Which of the following would have the highest entropy?

A hot gas

The second law of thermodynamics states that entropy of a system tends to ______________.
Increase

Which law of thermodynamics states that absolute zero cannot be reached?

3rd

HSO4−(aq)+H2O(l)→H3O+(aq)+SO42−(aq)HSO4−(aq)+H2O(l)→H3O+(aq)+SO42−(aq).
Identify the Acid in the above reaction.
HSO4−

If a solution is basic which ion will be more present?

OH-

What are the products to a neutralization reaction?

H2OH2O + Ionic Salt

What is the conjugate acid in the following equation?

HPO42−

What is the conjugate base in the following reaction?HCO3−+HCI→H2CO3+C1−

Cl_
A compound that donates H+ ions is
A Bronsted-Lowry Acid

A substance that remains when a base has accepted an H+ ion is

A Conjugate Acid

CO32−(aq)+H2O(l)→HCO3−(aq)+OH−(aq)CO32−(aq)+H2O(l)→HCO3−(aq)+OH−(aq). Using
the above reaction, which compound is the conjugate base?
OH−

What might happen if you mixed a strong acid with an equally strong base?
You'd wind up with a pH-neutral substance.

Which of the following is transferred between a conjugate acid-base pair?

A Proton

You can make a solution more concentrated by adding __________.

Solute

Which of the following is the correct units of the solubility product, Ksp for Ag2CO3Ag2CO3?
Mol3dm−9

How does a solution become supersaturated?

dissolve more solute than you should be able to.

For an exothermic reaction, as the temperature of the solution increases,

solubility of the salt decreases ; Ksp decreases

Which of the following is the correct units of the solubility product, Ksp for BaSO4BaSO4?\) ~ no unit }
mol2dm−6

Silver chromate, Ag2CrO4Ag2CrO4, has a Ksp of 8.96x10[−12]8.96x10[−12]. Calculate the solubility

in mol/L of silver chromate.
1.31x10−4M

The molar solubility of PbI2 is 1.52 x 10-3 M. Calculate the value of Ksp for PbI2PbI2.
1.40x10−8mol3dm−9

Which of the following shows the correct dissolution reaction for BaCl2?
BaCl2⇌Ba2+(aq)+2Cl−(aq)
An unknown salt, M2Z, has a Ksp of 3.3x10−93.3x10−9. Calculate the solubility in mol/L of M2Z.
9.4x10−4M

When a solvent contains as much of the solute as it can hold, the solution is said to be
saturated

Solution where more solute can still be dissolved at the given temperature.
Unsaturated

Which of the following is the correct units of the solubility product, Ksp for PbI2PbI2?
mol^3 dm^{-9]

Which of the following is the correct units of the solubility product, Ksp for AgCl?
mol2dm−6

The amount of solute actually dissolved in a given amount of solvent is known

as______________________.
solubility or concentration

Given that the molar solubility of Sn(OH)2 is "s". The correct mathematical expression for solubility
product constant of Sn(OH)2 is:
4s3=Ksp

For an endothermic reaction, as the temperature of the solution increases,

solubility of the salt increases ; Ksp increases

"As temperature increases, the solubility for a slightly soluble salt will also increases."Is the above
statement correct?
No, because the Kspwill change as the temperature change and it is depends on the type of reaction
(endothermic or exothermic reaction)

Solution where more solute can still be dissolved at the given temperature.
Unsaturated

Precipitation of silver chloride , AgCl will occur when

Qsp > Ksp

Electrons always flow from

anode to cathode

Oxidation occurs at the

Cathode
Electrons are gained at the
Cathode

Given their standard reduction potentials, which of the species is going to be oxidized? :
Cu2+/Cu=0.34VCu2+/Cu=0.34V, Zn2+/Zn=−0.76V
Zn

An iron nail is put into a solution of copper nitrate, iron is above copper in the activity series of metals,
what will happen?
the iron nail will become copper plated

If Al is above Co in the activity series of metals, which of the following will occur if Al metal is put into a
solution of cobalt nitrate?
All of the above

What occurs to the mass of copper electrode in the following reaction? Zn/Zn2+//Cu2+/Cu
Increases

Which metal is the negative electrode?Zn/Zn2+//Cu2+/Cu

Zinc

What reaction occurs at the anode?: Ag+/Ag = 0.80V, Ni2+/Ni = -0.25V

Ni→Ni2++2e−

What would be the theoretical cell potential of the previous electrochemical cell? Ag+/Ag =
0.80V,Ni2+/Ni=−0.25V
1.05V

The formation ½A2+2B2+C→CAB4½A2+2B2+C→CAB4 has an enthalpy of formation of -104 kJ and

a change in entropy of -60.8 J/K at 30 °C. What is the free energy and spontaneity of the reaction?
-85.6 kJ, spontaneous

ΔH value in an endothermic reaction is a positive number.

True

Which phase of matter has the greatest motion and least orderly arrangement?
Gas

Entropy is a measure of the number of possible ways that the energy of a system can be distributed.
True

A catalyst works by
lowering the activation energy
Temperature is a measure of average ______ energy of individual atoms.
Kinetic

Which substance is the better conductor?

Steel

eat transfer _____ occurs from hot to cold.

Always

The SI unit of heat and energy is the

joule

True/False: The rate of a chemical reaction is unrelated to the spontaneity of the reaction.
True

If 25 J are required to change the temperature of 5.0 g of substance A by 2.0°C, what is the specific heat
of substance A?
2.5 J/g C

For which of these processes is the value of ΔH expected to be positive? 1. The temperature increases
when calcium chloride dissolves in water. 2. Steam condenses to liquid water 3. Water boils 4. Dry ice
sublimates
3 and 4 only

The equation that relates enthalpy, temperature and entropy is

Gibbs Free Energy

The amount of energy required to raise the temperature of one gram of pure water by one degree
Celsius is defined as:
a calorie

The __________ law of thermodynamics states that entropy is always increasing.

second