Test Topics: Experimental Chemistry; Methods of purification; Acids, Bases, Salts; Identification of anions, cations and gases

Total Marks: 50
Duration: 1 Hour 10 Minutes

1 The fractional distillation apparatus shown is being used to separate a mixture of two liquids. A thermometer
is missing from the apparatus.

Where the bulb of the thermometer should be placed?

A
B water out

cold water in

heat
2 In the graph, curve 1 was obtained by observing the decomposition of 100 cm3 of 1.0 mol / dm3 hydrogen
peroxide solution, catalysed by manganese(IV) oxide.

2H2O2 → 2H2O + O2

2
1

volume of
oxygen
formed

0
0 time

Which alteration to the original experimental conditions would produce curve 2?

A adding some 0.1 mol / dm3 hydrogen peroxide solution

B lowering the temperature
C using less manganese(IV) oxide
D using a different catalyst

3 In a titration between an acid (in the burette) and an alkali, you may need to re-use the same titration flask.

Which is the best procedure for rinsing the flask?

A Rinse with distilled water and then with the alkali.
B Rinse with tap water and then with distilled water.
C Rinse with tap water and then with the acid.
D Rinse with the alkali.
4 Calcium carbonate reacts with hydrochloric acid, producing carbon dioxide gas.

CaCO3(s) + 2HCl (aq) → CaCl 2(aq) + H2O(l) + CO2(g)

The rate of this reaction can be measured using the apparatus shown.

Which additional piece of apparatus is also required?

A a burette
B a clock
C a gas syringe
D a thermometer
5 A student wanted to follow how the rate of the reaction of sodium sulfite with acid varies with time. The
reaction produces gaseous sulfur dioxide.

Which apparatus is not suitable?

A B
tap funnel tap funnel

burette
gas syringe

sodium sulfite sodium sulfite water

and acid and acid

C D

cotton wool
thistle funnel

sodium sulfite
and acid gas syringe
balance
sodium sulfite
and acid
6 A student measured the rate of reaction between calcium carbonate and dilute hydrochloric acid. A graph
showing the volume of gas produced against time is shown.

volume
/ cm3

0
0 time / seconds

Which apparatus was used to measure the variables shown on the graph?
A balance and gas syringe
B burette and pipette
C gas syringe and stop watch
D pipette and stop watch

7 Copper(II) carbonate powder was heated. The loss in mass was plotted against time as shown on the graph.

0.4

0.3

loss in mass / g
0.2

0.1

0
0 2 4 6 8 10
time / min

During which time interval is the reaction fastest?

A 0 to 2 min B 2 to 4 min C 6 to 8 min D 8 to 10 min
8 Hydrogen chloride is very soluble in water, whereas chlorine is only slightly soluble in water. Both

gases can be dried using concentrated sulfuric acid.

Which diagram represents the correct method of obtaining pure dry chlorine from damp chlorine containing
a small amount of hydrogen chloride?

A B

damp Cl 2 damp Cl 2
and HCl and HCl

concentrated water water concentrated

sulfuric acid sulfuric acid

C D

damp Cl 2 damp Cl 2
and HCl and HCl

concentrated water water concentrated

sulfuric acid sulfuric acid
 3

9 The diagram shows apparatus used to obtain carbon monoxide.

dilute lumps of carbon monoxide

hydrochloric charcoal
acid

heat

calcium
carbonate Y water

What is the main purpose of Y?

A to dry the gas
B to prevent water being sucked back on to the hot carbon
C to remove carbon dioxide from the gas
D to remove hydrogen chloride from the gas
10 The oxidation of ethanol to ethanoic acid is often carried out in the apparatus shown.

condenser

water

ethanol +
oxidising agent

heat

What is the purpose of the condenser?

A to prevent air reacting with the ethanoic acid
B to prevent any ethanol from escaping
C to prevent the ethanoic acid changing back to ethanol
D to prevent the ethanoic acid reacting with the ethanol
11 The diagram shows copper(II) oxide being reduced, by hydrogen, to copper. After reduction is complete,
the burner is turned off but the flow of hydrogen is continued until the tube is cool.

excess hydrogen
dry hydrogen

copper(II) oxide

burner

Why is the hydrogen allowed to flow through the tube during cooling?

A to allow the tube to cool slowly

B to lessen the risk of explosion in the hot tube

C to prevent the copper from reacting with the air

D to remove any traces of water left in the tube

12 Aqueous hydrogen peroxide undergoes catalytic decomposition as shown in the equation below.

2H2O2(aq) → 2H2O(l) + O2(g)

The diagram shows part of the apparatus used to measure the rate of decomposition.

aqueous
hydrogen
peroxide catalyst

Which piece of apparatus is connected at position X?

A burette
B gas syringe
C measuring cylinder
D pipette
13 A gas Y, is less dense than air, very soluble in water and is an alkali.

Which method is used to collect a dry sample of the gas?

A B

Y
Y Y

water
dry Y

C D

dry Y yY

calcium oxide
14 A gas, X, is less dense than air and insoluble in water.

Which method cannot be used to collect the gas?

A B
X

C
X
D

water
15 Which method could be used to obtain charcoal from a mixture of powdered charcoal with sodium
chloride?
A chromatography
B filtration after shaking with water
C heating the mixture
D distillation

16 Which property shows that a liquid is pure?

A It turns anhydrous copper(II) sulphate blue.

B It is colourless and odourless.
C It has no effect on red or blue litmus paper.
D It boils at a fixed temperature at a given pressure.

17 A test-tube containing a liquid X is placed in a beaker of boiling water. The liquid X starts to boil
immediately.

What is the boiling point of liquid X?

A 100 °C
B above 100 °C
C between 0 °C and room temperature
D between room temperature and 100 °C
18 Which test could be used to show that a sample of water is pure?

A It freezes at exactly 0 oC.

B It turns anhydrous copper(II) sulphate blue.
C It turns cobalt(II) chloride paper pink.
D When it evaporates, it leaves no residue.

19 A sample of a pure compound is heated until it is completely molten and the compound is then allowed to
cool until it is completely solid again.

The graph shows how the temperature of the compound changes with time.

temperature

time

When are liquid and solid both present?

A P to Q and R to S
B P to Q
C Q to R
D R to S

20 Which of the following is a pure compound?

A ethanol
B petrol
C steel
D tap water
21 Substance X melts at 53 oC and boils at 100 oC. It does not dissolve in water and it does not react with
water.

Which diagram shows the method most suitable for separating X from a mixture of X and water?

A B

glass

heat

heat

C D

mixture
mixture
22 Which of the following is the best method of obtaining pure water from ink?

A chromatography
B distillation
C filtration
D freezing

23 The diagram shows the chromatogram of four different sugars using the same solvent. Glucose

has an Rf value of 0.5.

Which sugar is glucose?

solvent front

base line

24 A liquid boils at a temperature of 100 oC.

Which other property of the liquid proves that it is pure water?

A It does not leave a residue when boiled.
B It freezes at 0 oC.
C It is neither acidic nor alkaline.
D It turns white anhydrous copper(II) sulphate blue.
25 What is the most suitable way of investigating the different food colourings in some drinks?

A crystallisation
B filtration
C fractional distillation
D paper chromatography

26. A student mixed together aqueous solutions of Y and Z. A white precipitate formed.

Which could not be solutions Y and Z?

solution Y solution Z

A hydrochloric acid silver nitrate

B hydrochloric acid sodium nitrate
C sodium chloride lead(II) nitrate

D sodium chloride silver nitrate

27. Which metal has a soluble carbonate, chloride and sulfate?

A barium
B calcium
C copper
D potassium
28. Solid Y is insoluble in water. It gives off a gas when heated and also when reacted with dilute sulfuric acid.

What is Y?
A copper(II) carbonate
B sodium carbonate
C sodium nitrate
D zinc oxide

29. Which salts are soluble in water?

1 ammonium carbonate, (NH4)2CO3

2 calcium carbonate, CaCO3
3 lead(II) carbonate, PbCO3
4 sodium carbonate, Na2CO3

A 1 only B 1 and 2 C 1 and 4 D 2 and 3

30. In which reaction do the products formed not include a salt?

A calcium(II) carbonate with hydrochloric acid

B copper(II) oxide with hydrogen
C copper(II) oxide with sulfuric acid
D copper(II) sulfate with sodium hydroxide

31. Which salt can be prepared by an acid-alkali titration method?

A ammonium sulphate

B copper(II) sulphate

C iron(II) sulphate
D zinc sulphate
32. The table shows properties of four chlorides.

Which is magnesium chloride?

33. The table gives information about the solubilities of the hydroxides, carbonates and sulphates of calcium,
sodium and zinc.

What is the best way of making zinc carbonate?

A Shake aqueous zinc sulphate with aqueous sodium carbonate.
B Shake aqueous zinc sulphate with solid calcium hydroxide and bubble in carbon dioxide.

C C Shake solid zinc hydroxide with aqueous sodium hydroxide and bubble in carbon dioxide.

D D Shake solid zinc sulphate and solid calcium carbonate with water.
34. The equation for one method of making copper carbonate is shown below.

CuSO4 + Na2CO3 →CuCO3 + Na2SO4

The reaction is an example of

A neutralisation.
B oxidation and reduction.
C precipitation.
D synthesis.

35. Rubidium is in Group I of the Periodic Table.

What are properties of rubidium chloride?

approximate solubility
formula
melting point / oC in water

A RbCl 70 insoluble
B RbCl 700 soluble
C RbCl 2 70 soluble
D RbCl 2 700 insoluble

36. Which substance reacts with water to form a soluble compound and an insoluble gas?

A ammonium sulphate
B caesium
C calcium carbonate
D copper
37. Which two reagents could be used to prepare the insoluble salt copper(II) carbonate?
A CuO(s) + Na2CO3(aq)
B CuO(s) + MgCO3(s)
C CuSO4(aq) + Na2CO3(aq)
D CuSO4(aq) + MgCO3(s)

38. Which method of preparation of a pure salt solution requires the use of a pipette and burette?
A BaCl 2(aq) + H2SO4(aq) → BaSO4(s) + 2HCl (aq)

B CuO(s) + 2HCl (aq) → CuCl 2(aq) + H2O(l)

C KOH(aq) + HCl (aq) → KCl (aq) + H2O(l)

D MgCO3(s) + H2SO4(aq) → MgSO4(aq) + H2O(l) + CO2(g)

39. Which reactants could be used safely to prepare potassium chloride?

A aqueous potassium hydroxide and dilute hydrochloric acid

B aqueous potassium sulphate and aqueous sodium chloride

C potassium and aqueous sodium chloride

D potassium and dilute hydrochloric acid
40. In an experiment 5 cm3 of 1.0 mol / dm3 sodium hydroxide are gradually added to 10 cm3 of 1.0
mol / dm3 hydrochloric acid containing methyl orange.

stirrer

5 cm3 of 1.0 mol / dm3 NaOH

10 cm3 of 1.0 mol/ dm3 HCland

methyl orange

Which change occurs in the mixture?

A The concentration of the H+ ions increases.

B The methyl orange changes colour.

C More water molecules are formed.

D A precipitate is formed.

41. An acid, X, was added to a solution of the nitrate of metal Y. A dense white precipitate was formed.

What are X and Y?

acid X metal Y
A hydrochloric calcium
B nitric zinc
C sulphuric aluminium
D sulphuric barium
42. When pure gas X was passed through the apparatus shown, the copper(II) oxide turned pink and the limewater
stayed colourless.

colourless limewater water

liquid formed

What is gas X?

A carbon dioxide
B carbon monoxide
C hydrogen
D nitrogen

43. The addition of dilute acid to a solution containing the anion Q and the subsequent use of limewater can be
used to identify the anion Q.
What is Q?
A a carbonate
B a chloride
C an iodide
D a sulfate

44. Which ion reacts with aqueous ammonia to give a precipitate that dissolves in an excess of ammonia?

A Al 3+(aq) B Fe2+(aq) C Fe3+(aq) D Zn2+(aq)

45. Which statement about aqueous sodium chloride is correct?
A It contains sodium atoms.
B It contains two different types of molecules.
C It does not conduct electricity.
D It forms a white precipitate when added to aqueous silver nitrate.

46. Substance Q is a soluble salt.

An aqueous solution of Q is tested as shown.

test observation

warm Q with aqueous sodium hydroxide alkaline gas given off, no precipitate formed

to Q add dilute nitric acid and barium white precipitate forms

nitrate solution

What is Q?

A ammonium chloride
B ammonium sulfate
C zinc chloride
D zinc sulfate

47. A mixture of two gases has no effect on either damp blue litmus paper or damp red litmus paper. Which
gases are present in the mixture?
A ammonia and oxygen
B carbon dioxide and sulfur dioxide
C chlorine and hydrogen
D hydrogen and oxygen
 48. The diagrams show an experiment with aqueous ammonium chloride.

poured in moist litmus

paper

solution X
aqueous
ammonium mixture
chloride

heat

A gas, Y, is produced and the litmus paper changes colour. What

are solution X and gas Y?

solution X gas Y

A aqueous sodium hydroxide ammonia

B aqueous sodium hydroxide chlorine
C dilute sulfuric acid ammonia
D dilute sulfuric acid chlorine

49. A student tested a solution by adding aqueous sodium hydroxide. A precipitate was not seen because the reagent
was added too quickly.

What could not have been present in the solution?

A Al 3+ B Ca2+ C NH4+ D Zn2+

50. The scheme shows some reactions of a compound Y.

excess
HNO3(aq)

gas +

NaOH(aq)

What could the compound Y be?

A aluminium sulphate
B calcium carbonate
C copper(II) carbonate
D zinc carbonate

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